CODING AND DECODING

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
a b c d e f g h I j k l m

z y x w v u t s r q p o n

26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14
Here numbering is giving to the letters based on the above alphabet
condition rule.

Types of Coding - Decoding

 Letter coding
 Number Coding
 Direct Coding
 Conditional Coding
 Fictitious Language Coding
 Substitution Coding

Questions:
Based on Letter Coding:-

1) In a certain code language, 'GAME' is written as 'MAEG' and 'OVER' is written

as "EVRO'. How will 'RISK' be written in that same code?

A) DISK B) SIDK C) SIKR D) KISR

Correct Answer: C) SIKR

Sol: Given that,

G A M E and O V E R similarly R I S K

M A E G E V R O S I K R

2) In a certain code ‘BEST’ is coded as ‘TSED’ then ‘IDEA’ will be?

A) EDAI B) AEDI C) DEAI D) EDIA

Correct Answer: B) AEDI

Sol: Given that,

B E S T similarly I D E A

T S E B A E D I

3) If ‘GLASS’ is coded as ‘HMBTT’ then ‘BREAK’ is coded as?

A) BCFSL B) CSBFL C) FSCBL D) CSFBL

Correct Answer: D) CSFBL

Sol: Given that,

G L A S S B R E A K

H M B T T C S F B L

.’. Here we can clearly see that the letters in the word GLASS are moved one step
forward in English alphabetical order to obtain the letters of the code. Same
condition is applied in the word BREAK to obtain the letters of the code
4) In a certain code language, 'BENCH' is written as 'YVMXS' .Then how will
'CHAIR' be written in that same code?

A) XSZRI B) SZRIX C) XSZIR D) ZXRIS

Correct Answer: A) XSZRI

Sol: Given that,

B E N C H C H A I R

Y V M X S X S Z R I

Here we can clearly see that the each letter in the word BENCH is arranged with
their opposite letters according to the above alphabet condition rule .Similarly
applied for the word CHAIR to obtain the code.

5) In a certain code language ‘GINGER’ is coded as ‘JFQDHO’ then ‘GARDEN’ will

be coded as?

A) AUHKJX B) XUAJHK C) JXUAHK D) None

Correct Answer: C) JXUAHK

Sol: 7 9 14 7 5 18 7 27 18 4 5 14

G I N G E R G A R D E N

+3 +3 +3 +3 +3 +3 +3 +3 +3 +3 +3 +3

J F Q D H O J X U A H K

10 6 17 4 8 15 10 24 21 1 8 11

The letters in the word GINGER are moved 3 step forward to obtain the letters of
the code (From upward and downward directions as shown above)

6) In a certain code language ‘FLOWER’ is coded as ‘TNMEUJ’ then ‘BOTTLE’ will

be coded as?
 A) HHMXUN B) XMHHNU C) MHHNUX D) None

Correct Answer: B) XMHHNU

Sol: Given that,

F L O W E R B O T T L E

T N M E U J X M H H N U

Here we can clearly see that the each letter in the word FLOWER is arranged with
their crossing letters according to the above alphabet condition rule .Similarly
applied for the next word BOTTLE to obtain the code.

Reference purpose:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

a b c d e f g h I j k l m

z y x w v u t s r q p o n
26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14

7) In a certain code language ‘SIMPLE’ is coded as ‘ELPMIS’ then ‘LESSON’ will be

coded as?

A) SSELON B) OSSLEN C) NOSSEL D) ELSSON

Correct Answer: C) NOSSEL

Sol: Given that,

S I M P L E L E S S O N

E L P M I S N O S S E L

Here we can clearly see that the each letter in the word SIMPLE is arranged in
reverse order according to English alphabetical series.

Based on Number Coding:-

8) If 'CUTE' is coded as '24-6-7-22', then how will you code 'GIRL'?

A) 22-17-6-12 B) 20-17-8-21 C) 20-18-9-15 D) 20-18-7-16

Correct Answer: C) 20-18-9-15

Sol: C U T E G I R L

24 6 7 22 20 18 9 15

Actually for each and every alphabets have its own individual numbering but here
for each letter ,numbering is given of its opposites alphabet numbering for
example C(3) opposite letter is X(24) based on above alphabet condition rule.

9) In a certain code ‘PLANT’ = 63, ‘LEAF’ =24, then ‘ROOT’ will be?

A) 56 B) 68 C) 72 D) 76

Correct Answer: B) 68

Sol: Given that,

P L A N T L E A F R O O T

16 + 12+ 1 + 14 + 20=63 12 + 5 + 1+ 6=24 18 + 15+ 15+ 20=68

10) In a certain code language ‘IS’ is coded as 171, ‘ON’ is coded as 210, then
‘OF’ is coded as?

A) 84 B) 90 C) 102 D) 126

Correct Answer: B) 90

Sol: Given that,

I S O N O F

9 * 19 = 171 15 * 14 = 210 15 * 6 = 90

Here we can see that the code obtained, by multiplying of their individual
numbering based on alphabetic condition rule.

11) If 'RICE' is coded as '26' and ‘BAJRA’ is coded as 14, then how will you code for
‘JOWAR’?

A) 18 B) 28 C) 22 D) 36

Correct Answer: D) 22

Sol: Given that,

R I C E B A J R A J O W A R

18 9 3 5 2 1 10 18 1 10 15 23 1 18

1+8 9 3 5 2 1 1+0 1+8 1 1+0 1+5 2+3 1 1+8

9 + 9 + 3 + 5 2 + 1 + 1 + 9 + 1 1 + 6 + 5 + 1 +9

26 14 22
12) In a certain code language ‘64582’ is written as ‘55491’. How is ‘36743’
written in that code?

A) 27652 B) 26572 C) 22657 D) 65722

Correct Answer: A) 27652

Sol: Given that,

6 4 5 8 2 3 6 7 4 3

-1 +1 - 1 +1 -1 -1 +1 -1 +1 -1

5 5 4 9 1 2 7 6 5 2

Based on Direct Coding:-

13) If SIM is coded as PFJ and CARD is coded as ZXOA, what RAM is coded as?

A) OXJ B) IJK C) ZAP D) OXZ

Correct Answer: A) OXJ

Sol: Given that, S I M C A R D R A M

P F J Z X O A O X J

14) If SOFA is coded as $@%4 and DESK is coded as #&*6, then FOOD is coded
as?

A) %#@6 B) #@4$ C) $@%6 D) %@@#

Correct Answer: D) %@@#

Sol: Given that,

S O F A D E S K F O O D

$ @ % 4 # & * 6 % @ @ #
15) In a certain code language, 'ROSE' is written as '3456' and 'WATER' is written
as ‘87163'. How will 'TOSTER' be written in that same code?

A) 146153 B) 145163 C) 163451 D) 163145

Correct Answer: B) 145163

Sol: Given that,

R O S E W A T E R T O ST E R

3 4 5 6 8 7 1 6 3 1 4 5 1 6 3

16) In a certain code language, 'WHALE' is coded as '2381125' and 'FROG' is

coded as ‘618157'. How will 'FISH' be coded as?

A) 89196 B) 91986 C) 69198 D) 69918

Correct Answer: C) 69198

Sol: Given that,

W H A L E F R O G F I S H

23 8 1 12 5 6 18 15 7 6 9 19 8

.’. Here each letter in the word has its own direct numbering to itself according to
above alphabet condition rule.

Based on Conditional Coding:-

17) (Examples 17 - 21) Study the following letters and their corresponding digits
code followed by certain conditions of coding and then answer the questions
given below them by finding out which of the digits combinations given in (a), (b),
(c) and (d) is the coded form of the letters-groups given in each question and
mark your answer accordingly.

Letters O M B K J A U C I L

Digits/Codes 4 2 8 3 5 7 1 6 0 9
Conditions
(I) if both the first and the last letters in the group are vowels, both should be
coded as @.
(II) If both the first and the last letters in the group are consonants, then codes
for the first and the last letters are to be interchanged
(III) If the first letter is vowel and the last is a consonant then both are to be
coded as the code for vowel.
(IV) If the first letter is consonant and last is a vowel, then both are to be coded as
‘#’
(V) If more than two vowels are there in the group of letters, then all vowels are
be coded as ‘%’
17) OBCJA
(A) 48657 (B) @895@ (C) @865@ (D) 48967
Correct Answer: (C) @865@

Sol: We know that, in English alphabets A, E, I, O, U letters are vowels and

remaining letters are consonants
Given that,

O B C J A

@ 8 6 5 @

Coded, as based on the above given data as per rule (i) if both the first and the
last letters in the group are vowels, both should be coded as @.

18) MJAIL

(A) 25709 (B) 94612 (C) 84617 (D) 95702

Correct Answer: (D) 95702
Sol: Given that,

M J A I L

2 5 7 0 9

9 5 7 0 2

Here now applying the condition; if both the first and the last letters in the group
are consonants, then codes for the first and the last letters are to be interchanged

19) OMKCL

(A) 63244 (B) 42364 (C) 64324 (D) 42346

Correct Answer: (B) 42364

Sol: Given that,

O M K C L

4 2 3 6 9

4 2 3 6 4

.’. Here we applied condition (III) if the first letter is vowel and the last is a
consonant then both are to be coded as the code for vowel.

20) BCJKO

(A) ##653 (B) #563# (C) #653# (D) None

Correct Answer: (C) #653#
Sol: Given that,

B C J K O

8 6 5 3 4

# 6 5 3 #

.’. Here we applied condition (IV) if the first letter is consonant and last is a
vowel, and then both are to be coded as ‘#’
21) OBJAU

(A) %85%% (B) %54%% (C) %8571 (D) 48517

Correct Answer: (A) %85%%

Sol: Given that,

O B J A U

4 8 5 7 1

% 8 5 % %

.’. Here we applied condition (IV) If more than two vowels are there in the group
of letters, then all vowels are be coded as ‘%’
Based on Fictitious Coding:

Directions (22 - 25) Study the following information carefully and answer the
questions given below.

In a certain code language

'Make small cake today' is written as 'om ni qr lk'
‘Mix for better cake ' is written as ' cs pa lk mt '
‘Better make new one ' is written as ' qr vn zy cs'
‘Cake for new person' is written as ' zy lk tu pa'
22) What may be the code for “make for now “in the given code language?

A) qr hi pa B) lk cs qr C) zy pa hi D) mt qr pa

Correct Answer: A) qr hi pa

Sol: In a certain code language

'Make small cake today' is written as 'om ni qr lk'
‘Mix for better cake ' is written as ' cs pa lk mt '
‘Better make new one ' is written as ' qr vn zy cs'
‘Cake for new person' is written as ' zy lk tu pa'

From the above code language, we obtains a code in a such a way

The word ‘Make’ is common in both 1st and 3rd sentence so the code for those
word is also same (i.e.) QR in the same way ‘for’ is common in both 2nd and 4th
sentence so the code for those word is also same (i.e.) PA and next word ‘Now’ is
not in the sentence so there is a no code for these word so we are considering as
a ‘HI’

23) What does the code ‘mt’ stands for in the given code language?

A) To B) better C) mix D) for

Correct Answer: C) mix

Sol: In a certain code language

'Make small cake today' is written as 'om ni qr lk'
‘Mix for better cake ' is written as ' cs pa lk mt '
‘Better make new one ' is written as ' qr vn zy cs'
‘Cake for new person' is written as ' zy lk tu pa'

Here the word ‘mix’ is not common in any sentence, so the code for this word is
‘mt’

24) What is the code for ‘person’ in the given code language?

A) Tu B) qr C) cs D) lk
Correct Answer: A) tu

Sol: : In a certain code language

'Make small cake today' is written as 'om ni qr lk'
‘Mix for better cake ' is written as ' cs pa lk mt '
‘Better make new one ' is written as ' qr vn zy cs'
‘Cake for new person' is written as ' zy lk tu pa'

Here the ‘Person’ is a single word which is not repeated or common in any
sentence, so we considered its code as ‘tu’.

25) What is the code for ‘small’ in the given code language?

A) om B) ni C) cs D) either om or ni

Correct Answer: D) either om or ni

Sol: In a certain code language

'Make small cake today' is written as 'om ni qr lk'
‘Mix for better cake ' is written as ' cs pa lk mt '
‘Better make new one ' is written as ' qr vn zy cs'
‘Cake for new person' is written as ' zy lk tu pa'

Here in the above code language in the 1st sentence the word ‘make’ and ‘cake’
are common or repeated in the other sentence so the remaining word are ‘small
‘and ‘today’ their codes be ‘om’ and ‘ni’ .thus the code for small can be
considered as either om or ni

Based on Substitution Coding:

26) If 'Jasmine' is called 'Lilly', 'Lilly' is called 'hibiscus', 'hibiscus' is called 'lotus',
'lotus is called 'rose', 'rose' is called 'sunflower', 'sunflower' is called 'lavender',
then what would be the National Flower?

A) Hibiscus B) Lotus C) Rose D) None

Correct Answer: C) Rose

Sol: We know that, the national flower is 'lotus' but here 'lotus is called 'rose'. So,
the national flower will be 'Rose'

27) If 'white' means 'Golden yellow', 'Golden yellow' means 'pink', 'pink' means
'green', 'green' means 'black', 'black' means 'violet' and 'violet' means 'orange',
then what would be the color of saffron?

A) White B) Golden yellow C) pink D) Green

Correct Answer: A) White

Sol: We know that, the color of saffron is 'golden yellow' but here ‘white’ means
'Golden yellow'. So, the color of saffron will be 'White'.

28) If 'Apple' means ‘Banana', ‘Banana' means 'Grapes', 'Grapes' means 'Sugar
cane', 'Sugar cane' means 'mango', 'mango' means 'pumpkin' and 'pumpkin'
means 'orange', then what would be the National fruit of India?

A) Pumpkin B) Apple C) Mango D) Sugar cane

Correct Answer: D) Sugar cane

Sol: We know that, the National fruit of India is ‘mango' but here 'Sugar cane’
means 'mango'. So, the National fruit of India will be 'Sugar cane'.

29) If 'Train' is called 'Bus', 'Bus' is called 'scooter', 'Scooter' is called 'car', 'car is
called 'Tractor', 'Tractor' is called 'Auto', 'Auto' is called 'Lorry', then Which is the
two wheeler vehicle?

A) Train B) Car C) Bus D) Scooter

Correct Answer: B) Car

Sol: We know that, the two wheeler vehicle is ‘Scooter' but here 'Scooter' is called
'car'. So, the two wheeler vehicle will be ‘Car’.

30) In some cases, there is no common word/number in the message given. In

those cases, the words/numbers are coded separately. You have to identify the
correct pattern of coding and find the code for the word or message given in the
question.
In a certain code language, 'on in or' means 'she is cute', ‘ in on of ' means ' she is
ugly', which of the following means 'ugly'?
A) on B) in C) of D) or
Correct Answer: C) of
Sol: Here, 'on' and 'in' are common in both the codes and 'she' and 'is' are
common in both messages.
Hence, code for ugly will be 'OF'.