Chapter 7

Risk Management for Changing Interest Rates: Asset-Liability Management

and Duration Techniques

Fill in the Blank Questions

1. The ___________________ view of assets and liabilities held that the amount and types of
deposits was primarily determined by customers and hence the key decision a bank needed to
make was with the assets.
Answer: asset management

2. Recent decades have ushered in dramatic changes in banking. The goal of

__________________ was simply to gain control of the bank's sources of funds.
Answer: liability management

3. The__________________________ is the interest rate that equalizes the current market price of a
bond with the present value of the future cash flows.
Answer: yield to maturity (YTM)

4. The __________________ risk premium on a bond allows the investor to be compensated for
their projected loss in purchasing power from the increase in the prices of goods and services in
the future.
Answer: inflation

5. The __________________ shows the relationship between the time to maturity and the yield to
maturity of a bond. It is usually constructed using treasury securities since they are assumed to
have no default risk.
Answer: yield curve

6. The __________________ risk premium on a bond reflects the differences in the ease and ability
to sell the bond in the secondary market at a favorable price.
Answer: liquidity

7. __________________________ are those assets which mature or must be repriced within the
planning period.
Answer: Interest-sensitive assets

8. __________________________ is the difference between interest-sensitive assets and interest-

sensitive liabilities.
Answer: Dollar interest-sensitive gap

100 Test Bank, Chapter 7

 9. A(n)__________________________ means that the bank has more interest-sensitive liabilities
than interest-sensitive assets.
Answer: negative interest-sensitive gap (liability sensitive)

10. The bank's__________________________ takes into account the idea that the speed (sensitivity)
of interest rate changes will differ for different types of assets and liabilities.
Answer: weighted interest-sensitive gap

11. __________________________ is the coordinated management of both the bank's assets and its
liabilities.
Answer: Funds management

12. __________________________ is the risk due to changes in market interest rates which can
adversely affect the bank's net interest margin, assets and equity.
Answer: Interest rate risk

13. The__________________________ is the rate of return on a financial instrument using a 360 day
year relative to the instrument's face value.
Answer: bank discount rate

14. The __________________________ component of interest rates is the risk premium due to the
probability that the borrower will miss some payments or will not repay the loan.
Answer: default risk premium

15. __________________ is the weighted average maturity for a stream of future cash flows. It is a
direct measure of price risk.
Answer: Duration

16. __________________________ is the difference between the dollar-weighted duration of the

asset portfolio and the dollar-weighted duration of the liability portfolio.
Answer: Duration gap

17. A(n)__________________________ duration gap means that for a parallel increase in all interest
rates the market value of net worth will tend to decline.
Answer: positive

18. A(n)__________________________ duration gap means that for a parallel increase in all
interest rates the market value of net worth will tend to increase.
Answer: negative

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 19. The __________________ refers to the periodic fluctuations in the scale of economic activity.
Answer: business cycle

20. The__________________________ is equal to the duration of each individual type of asset

weighted by the dollar amount of each type of asset out of the total dollar amount of assets.
Answer: duration of the asset portfolio

21. The__________________________ is equal to the duration of each individual type of liability

weighted by the dollar amount of each type of asset out of the total dollar amount of assets.
Answer: duration of the liability portfolio

22. A bank is __________________ against changes in its net worth if its duration gap is equal to
zero.
Answer: immunized (insulated or protected)

23. The relationship between a change in an asset's price and an asset’s change in the yield or interest
rate is captured by __________________________.
Answer: convexity

24. The change in a financial institution's __________________ is equal to difference in the duration
of the assets and liabilities times the change in the interest rate divided by the starting interest rate
times the dollar amount of the assets and liabilities.
Answer: net worth

25. When a bank has a positive duration gap a parallel increase in the interest rates on the assets and
liabilities of the bank will lead to a(n) __________________ in the bank's net worth.
Answer: decrease

26. When a bank has a negative duration gap a parallel decrease in the interest rates on the assets and
liabilities of the bank will lead to a(n)_________________________ in the bank's net worth.
Answer: decrease

27. U.S. banks tend to do better when the yield curve is upward-sloping because they tend to have
____________ maturity gap positions.
Answer: positive

28. One government-created giant mortgage banking firms which have subsequently been privatized
is the .
Answer: FNMA or Fannie Mae (or FHLMC or Freddie Mac)

102 Test Bank, Chapter 7

 29. One part of interest rate risk is . This part of interest rate risk
reflects that as interest rates rise, prices of securities tend to fall.
Answer: price risk

30. One part of interest rate risk is . This part of interest rate risk
reflects that as interest rates fall, any cash flows that are received before maturity are invested at a
lower interest rate.
Answer: reinvestment risk

31. When a borrower has the right to pay off a loan early which reduced the lender’s expected rate of
return it is called .
Answer: call risk

32. In recent decades, banks have aggressively sought to insulate their assets and liability portfolios
and profits from the ravages if interest rate changes. Many banks now conduct their asset-
liability management strategy with the help of an which
often meets daily.
Answer: asset-liability committee

33. is interest income from loans and investments less interest expenses on
deposits and borrowed funds divided by total earning assets.
Answer: Net interest margin (NIM)

34. are those liabilities that which mature or must be repriced within
the planning period.
Answer: Interest-sensitive liabilities

35. Variable rate loans and securities are included as part of for
banks.
Answer: repriceable assets

36. Money market deposits are included as part of for banks.

Answer: repriceable liabilities

37. Interest sensitive assets less interest sensitive liabilities divided by total assets of the bank is
known as .
Answer: relative interest sensitive gap

38. Interest sensitive assets divided by interest sensitive liabilities is known as .

Answer: Interest sensitivity ratio

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 39. is a measure of interest rate exposure which is the total difference in
dollars between those assets and liabilities that can be repriced over a designated time period.
Answer: Cumulative gap

40. is the phenomenon that interest rates attached to various assets often
change by different amounts and at different speeds than interest rates attached to various
liabilities,
Answer: basis risk

True/False Questions

T F 41. Usually the principal goal of asset-liability management is to maximize or at least

stabilize a bank's margin or spread.
Answer: True

T F 42. Asset management strategy in banking assumes that the amount and kinds of deposits and
other borrowed funds a bank attracts are determined largely by its management.
Answer: False

T F 43. The ultimate goal of liability management is to gain control over a financial institution's
sources of funds.
Answer: True

T F 44. If interest rates fall when a bank is in an asset-sensitive position its net interest margin
will rise.
Answer: False

T F 45. A liability-sensitive bank will experience an increase in its net interest margin if interest
rates rise.
Answer: False

T F 46. Under the so-called liability management view in banking the key control lever banks
possess over the volume and mix of their liabilities is price.
Answer: True

T F 47. Under the so-called funds management view bank management's control over assets must
be coordinated with its control over liabilities so that asset and liability management are
internally consistent.
Answer: True

104 Test Bank, Chapter 7

 T F 48. Bankers cannot determine the level or trend of market interest rates; instead, they can
only react to the level and trend of rates.
Answer: True

T F 49. Short-term interest rates tend to rise more slowly than long-term interest rates and to fall
more slowly when all interest rates in the market are headed down.
Answer: False

T F 50. A financial institution is liability sensitive if its interest-sensitive liabilities are less than
its interest-sensitive assets.
Answer: False

T F 51. If a bank's interest-sensitive assets and liabilities are equal than its interest revenues from
assets and funding costs from liabilities will change at the same rate.
Answer: True

T F 52. Banks with a positive cumulative interest-sensitive gap will benefit if interest rates rise,
but lose income if interest rates decline.
Answer: True

T F 53. Banks with a negative cumulative interest-sensitive gap will benefit if interest rates rise,
but lose income if interest rates decline.
Answer: False

T F 54. For most banks interest rates paid on liabilities tend to move more slowly than interest
rates earned on assets.
Answer: False

T F 55. Interest-sensitive gap techniques do not consider the impact of changing interest rates on
stockholders equity.
Answer: True

T F 56. Interest-sensitive gap, relative interest-sensitive gap and the interest-sensitivity ratio will
often reach different conclusions as to whether the bank is asset or liability sensitive.
Answer: False

T F 57. The yield curve is constructed using corporate bonds with different default risks so the
bank can determine the risk/return tradeoff for default risk.
Answer: False

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 T F 58. Financial securities that are the same in all other ways may have differences in interest
rates that reflect the differences in the ease of selling the security in the secondary market
at a favorable price.
Answer: True

T F 59. Financial institutions face two major kinds of interest rate risk. These risks include price
risk and reinvestment risk.
Answer: True

T F 60. Interest-sensitive gap and weighted interest-sensitive gap will always reach the same
conclusion as to whether a bank is asset sensitive or liability sensitive.
Answer: False

T F 61. Weighted interest-sensitive gap is less accurate than interest-sensitive gap in determining
the affect of changes in interest rates on net interest margin.
Answer: False

T F 62. A bank with a positive duration gap experiencing a rise in interest rates will experience
an increase in its net worth.
Answer: False

T F 63. A bank with a negative duration gap experiencing a rise in interest rates will experience
an increase in its net worth.
Answer: True

T F 64. Duration is a direct measure of the reinvestment risk of a bond.

Answer: False

T F 65. A bank with a positive duration gap experiencing a decrease in interest rates will
experience an increase in its net worth.
Answer: True

T F 66. A bank with a negative duration gap experiencing a decrease in interest rates will
experience an increase in its net worth.
Answer: False

T F 67. Duration is the weighted average maturity of a promised stream of future cash flows.
Answer: True

T F 68. Duration is a direct measure of the price risk of a bond.

Answer: True

106 Test Bank, Chapter 7

 T F 69. A bond with a greater duration will have a smaller price change in percentage terms when
interest rates change.
Answer: False

T F 70. Long-term interest rates tend to change very little with the cycle of economic activity.
Answer: True

T F 71. A bank with a duration gap of zero is immunized against changes in the value of net
worth due to changes in interest rates in the market.
Answer: True

T F 72. Convexity is the idea that the rate of change of an asset's price varies with the level of
interest rates.
Answer: True

T F 73. The change in the market price of an asset's price from a change in market interest rates is
roughly equal to the asset's duration times the change the interest rate divided by the
original interest rate.
Answer: True

T F 74. U.S. banks tend to do better when the yield curve is upward-sloping.
Answer: True

T F 75. Net interest margin tends to rise for U.S. banks when the yield curve is upward-sloping.
Answer: True

T F 76. Financial institutions laden with home mortgages tend be immune to interest-rate risk.
Answer: False

T F 77. If a Financial Institution's net interest margin is immune to interest-rate risk then so is its
net worth.
Answer: False

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 Multiple Choice Questions

78. When is interest rate risk for a bank greatest?

A) When interest rates are volatile.
B) When interest rates are stable.
C) When inflation is high.
D) When inflation is low.
E) When loan defaults are high.
Answer: A

79. A bank’s IS GAP is defined as:

A) The dollar amount of rate-sensitive assets divided by the dollar amount of rate-sensitive
liabilities.
B) The dollar amount of earning assets divided by the dollar amount of total liabilities.
C) The dollar amount of rate-sensitive assets minus the dollar amount of rate-sensitive liabilities.
D) The dollar amount of rate-sensitive liabilities minus the dollar amount of rate-sensitive assets.
E) The dollar amount of earning assets times the average liability interest rate.
Answer: C

80. According to the textbook, the maturing of the liability management techniques, coupled with
more volatile interest rates, gave birth to the __________________ approach which dominates
banking today. The term that correctly fills in the blank in the preceding sentence is:
A) Liability management
B) Asset management
C) Risk management
D) Funds management
E) None of the above.
Answer: D

81. The principal goal of interest-rate hedging strategy is to hold fixed a bank's:
A) Net interest margin
B) Net income before taxes
C) Value of loans and securities
D) Noninterest spread
E) None of the above.
Answer: A

82. A bank is asset sensitive if its:

A) Loans and securities are affected by changes in interest rates.
B) Interest-sensitive assets exceed its interest-sensitive liabilities.
C) Interest-sensitive liabilities exceed its interest-sensitive assets.
D) Deposits and borrowings are affected by changes in interest rates.
E) None of the above.
Answer: B

108 Test Bank, Chapter 7

 83. The change in a bank's net income that occurs due to changes in interest rates equals the overall
change in market interest rates (in percentage points) times _____________. The choice below
that correctly fills in the blank in the preceding sentence is:
A) Volume of interest-sensitive assets
B) Price risk of the bank's assets
C) Price risk of the bank's liabilities
D) Size of the bank's cumulative gap
E) None of the above.
Answer: D

84. A bank with a negative interest-sensitive GAP:

A) Has a greater dollar volume of interest-sensitive liabilities than interest-sensitive assets.
B) Will generate a higher interest margin if interest rates rise.
C) Will generate a higher interest margin if interest rates fall.
D) A and B.
E) A and C.
Answer: E

85. The net interest margin of a bank is influenced by:

A) Changes in the level of interest rates.
B) Changes in the volume of interest-bearing assets and interest-bearing liabilities.
C) Changes in the mix of assets and liabilities in the bank's portfolio.
D) All of the above.
E) A and B only.
Answer: D

86. The discount rate that equalizes the current market value of a loan or security with the expected
stream of future income payments from that loan or security is known as the:
A) Bank discount rate
B) Yield to maturity
C) Annual percentage rate (APR)
D) Add-on interest rate
E) None of the above.
Answer: B

87. The interest-rate measure often quoted on short-term loans and money market securities such as
U.S. Treasury bills is the:
A) Bank discount rate
B) Yield to maturity
C) Annual percentage rate (APR)
D) Add-on interest rate
E) None of the above
Answer: A

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 88. A bank whose interest-sensitive assets total $350 million and its interest-sensitive liabilities
amount to $175 million has:
A) An asset-sensitive gap of 525 million
B) A liability-sensitive gap of $175 million
C) An asset-sensitive gap of $175 million
D) A liability-sensitive gap of $350 million
E) None of the above.
Answer: C

89. A bank has a 1-year $1,000,000 loan outstanding, payable in four equal quarterly installments.
What dollar amount of the loan would be considered rate sensitive in the 0 – 90 day bucket?
A) $0
B) $250,000
C) $500,000
D) $750,000
E) $1,000,000
Answer: B

90. A bank has Federal funds totaling $25 million with an interest rate sensitivity weight of 1.0. This
bank also has loans of $105 million and investments of $65 million with interest rate sensitivity
weights of 1.40 and 1.15 respectively. This bank also has $135 million in interest-bearing
deposits with an interest rate sensitivity weight of .90 and other money market borrowings of $75
million with an interest rate sensitivity weight of 1.0. What is the weighted interest-sensitive gap
for this bank?
A) $50.25
B) $-15
C) -$50.25
D) $34.25
E) None of the above
Answer: A

91. A bond has a face value of $1000 and five years to maturity. This bond has a coupon rate of 13
percent and is selling in the market today for $902. Coupon payments are made annually on this
bond. What is the yield to maturity (YTM) for this bond?
A) 13%
B) 12.75%
C) 16%
D) 11.45%
E) Cannot be calculated from the information given
Answer: C

92. A treasury bill currently sells for $9,845, has a face value of $10,000 and has 46 days to maturity.
What is the bank discount rate on this security?
A) 12.49%
B) 12.13%
C) 12.30%
D) 2%

110 Test Bank, Chapter 7

 E) None of the above
Answer: B

93. The _______________ is determined by the demand and supply for loanable funds in the
market. The term that correctly fills in the blank in the preceding sentence is:
A) The yield to maturity
B) The banker's discount rate
C) The holding period return
D) The risk-free real rate of interest
E) The market rate of interest on a risky loan
Answer: D

94. A bank with a positive interest-sensitive gap will have a decrease in net interest income when
interest rates in the market:
A) Rise
B) Fall
C) Stay the same
D) A bank with a positive interest-sensitive gap will never have a decrease in net interest income
Answer: B

95. The fact that a consumer who purchases a particular basket of goods for $100 today has to pay
$105 next year for the same basket of goods is an example of which of the following risks:
A) Inflation risk
B) Default risk
C) Liquidity risk
D) Price risk
E) Maturity risk
Answer: A

96. A bank has Federal Funds totaling $25 million with an interest rate sensitivity weight of 1.0. This
bank also has loans of $105 million and investments of $65 million with interest rate sensitivity
weights of 1.40 and 1.15 respectively. This bank also has $135 million in interest-bearing
deposits with an interest rate sensitivity weight of .90 and other money market borrowings of $75
million with an interest rate sensitivity weight of 1.0. What is the dollar interest-sensitive gap for
this bank?
A) $50.25
B) $-15
C) -$50.25
D) $34.25
E) None of the above
Answer: B

97. If a bank has a positive GAP, an increase in interest rates will cause interest income to
__________, interest expense to__________, and net interest income to __________.

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 A) Increase, increase, increase
B) Increase, decrease, increase
C) Increase, increase, decrease
D) Decrease, decrease, decrease
E) Decrease, increase, increase
Answer: A

98. If a bank has a negative GAP, a decrease in interest rates will cause interest income to
__________, interest expense to__________, and net interest income to __________.
A) Increase, increase, increase
B) Increase, decrease, increase
C) Increase, increase, decrease
D) Decrease, decrease, decrease
E) Decrease, decrease, increase
Answer: E

99. A treasury bill currently sells for $9,845, has a face value of $10,000 and has 46 days to maturity.
What is the yield to maturity on this security?
A) 12.49%
B) 12.13%
C) 12.30%
D) 2%
E) None of the above
Answer: A

100. The Third National Bank of Edmond reports a net interest margin of 5.83%. It has total interest
revenues of $275 million and total interest expenses of $210 million. What does this bank's
earnings assets have to be?
A) $4717 million
B) $3602 million
C) $1115 million
D) $3.790 million
E) None of the above
Answer: C

101. The Third National Bank of Edmond reports a net interest margin of 5.83%. It has total interest
revenues of $275 million and total interest expenses of $210 million. This bank has earnings
assets of $1115. Suppose this bank's interest revenues rise by 8 percent and its interest expenses
and earnings assets rise by 10 percent next year. What is this bank's new net interest margin?
A) 5.83%
B) 7.09%
C) 3.59%
D) 5.38%
E) 7.80%
Answer: D

112 Test Bank, Chapter 7

 102. Which of the following is part of funds management?
A) The goal of funds management is simply to gain control over the bank's funds sources.
B) Since the amount of deposits a bank holds is determined largely by its customers, the focus of
the bank should be on managing the assets of the bank.
C) Management of the bank's assets must be coordinated with management of the bank's
liabilities.
D) The spread between interest revenues and interest expenses is unimportant.
E) None of the above
Answer: C

103. If Fifth National Bank's asset duration exceeds its liability duration and interest rates rise, this
will tend to __________________ the market value of the bank's net worth.
A) Lower
B) Raise
C) Stabilize
D) Not affect
E) None of the above
Answer: A

104. If Main Street Bank has $100 million in commercial loans with an average duration of 0.40 years;
$40 million in consumer loans with an average duration of 1.75 years; and $30 million in U.S.
Treasury bonds with an average duration of 6 years, what is Main Street's asset portfolio
duration?
A) 0.4 years
B) 1.7 years
C) 2.7 years
D) 4.1 years
E) None of the above
Answer: B

105. A bank has an average asset duration of 4.7 years and an average liability duration of 3.3 years.
This bank has $750 million in total assets and $500 million in total liabilities. This bank has:
A) A positive duration gap of 8.0 years.
B) A negative duration gap of 2.5 years.
C) A positive duration gap of 1.4 years.
D) A positive duration gap of 2.5 years.
E) None of the above.
Answer: D

106. A bank has an average asset duration of 1.15 years and an average liability duration of 2.70 years.
This bank has $250 million in total assets and $225 million in total liabilities. This bank has:
A) A negative duration gap of 1.55 years.
B) A positive duration gap of 1.28 years.
C) A negative duration gap of 3.85 years.

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 D) A negative duration gap of 1.28 years.
E) None of the above.
Answer: D

107. The duration of a bond is the weighted average maturity of the future cash flows expected to be
received on a bond. Which of the following is a true statement concerning duration?
A) The longer the time to maturity, the greater the duration
B) The higher the coupon rate, the higher the duration
C) The shorter the duration, the greater the price volatility
D) All of the above are true
E) None of the above are true
Answer: A

108. A bond has a duration of 7.5 years. Its current market price is $1125. Interest rates in the market
are 7% today. It has been forecasted that interest rates will rise to 9% over the next couple of
weeks. How will this bank's price change in percentage terms?
A) This bond's price will rise by 2 percent.
B) This bond's price will fall by 2 percent.
C) This bond's price will fall by 14 .02 percent
D) This bond's price will rise by 14.02 percent
E) This bond's price will not change
Answer: C

109. A bank has an average asset duration of 5 years and an average liability duration of 3 years. This
bank has total assets of $500 million and total liabilities of $250 million. Currently, market
interest rates are 10 percent. If interest rates fall by 2 percent (to 8 percent), what is this bank's
change in net worth?
A) Net worth will decrease by $31.81 million
B) Net worth will increase by $31.81 million
C) Net worth will increase by $27.27 million
D) Net worth will decrease by $27.27 million
E) Net worth will not change at all
Answer: B

110. A bank has an average asset duration of 5 years and an average liability duration of 3 years. This
bank has total assets of $500 million and total liabilities of $250 million. Currently, market
interest rates are 10 percent. If interest rates fall by 2 percent (to 8 percent), what is this bank's
duration gap?
A) 2 years
B) –2 years
C) 3.5 years
D) –3.5 years
E) None of the above
Answer: C

114 Test Bank, Chapter 7

 111. A bank has an average asset duration of 5 years and an average liability duration of 9 years. This
bank has total assets of $1000 million and total liabilities of $850 million. Currently, market
interest rates are 5 percent. If interest rates rise by 2 percent (to 7 percent), what is this bank's
change in net worth?
A) Net worth will decrease by $50.47 million
B) Net worth will increase by $50.47 million
C) Net worth will decrease by $240.95 million
D) Net worth will increase by $240.95 million
E) Net worth will not change at all
Answer: B

112. A bank has an average asset duration of 5 years and an average liability duration of 9 years. This
bank has total assets of $1000 million and total liabilities of $850 million. Currently, market
interest rates are 5 percent. If interest rates rise by 2 percent (to 7 percent), what is this bank's
duration gap?
A) –4 years
B) 4 years
C) 2.65 years
D) –2.65 years
E) 12.65 years
Answer: D

113. A bank has $100 million of investment grade bonds with a duration of 9.0 years. This bank also
has $500 million of commercial loans with a duration of 5.0 years. This bank has $300 million of
consumer loans with a duration of 2.0 years. This bank has deposits of $600 million with a
duration of 1.0 years and nondeposit borrowings of $100 million with an average duration of .25
years. What is this bank's duration gap? These are all of the assets and liabilities this bank has.
A) This bank has a duration gap of 14.75 years
B) This bank has a duration gap of 15.03 years
C) This bank has a duration gap of 3.55 years
D) This bank has a duration gap of 3.75 years
E) This bank has a duration gap of 5.15 years
Answer: D

114. Which of the following statements is true concerning a bank's duration gap?
A) If a bank has a positive duration gap and interest rates rise, the bank's net worth will decline
B) A bank with a positive duration gap has a longer average duration for its assets than for its
liabilities
C) If a bank has a zero duration gap and interest rates rise, the bank's net worth will not change
D) If a bank has a negative duration gap and interest rates rise, the bank's net worth will increase
E) All of the above are true statements
Answer: E

115. A bank has an average duration for its asset portfolio of 5.5 years. This bank has total assets of
$1000 million and total liabilities of $750 million. If this bank has a zero duration gap, what must

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 the duration of its liabilities portfolio be?
A) 7.33 years
B) 4.125 years
C) 7.5 years
D) 5.5 years
E) None of the above
Answer: A

116. A bond has a face value of $1000 and coupon payments of $80 annually. This bond matures in
three years and is selling for $1000 in the market. Market interest rates are 8%. What is this
bond's duration?
A) 3 years
B) 2.78 years
C) 1.95 years
D) 4.31 years
E) None of the above
Answer: B

117. A bond has a face value of $1000 and coupon payments of $120 annually. This bond matures in
three years and is selling in the market for $1160. Market interest rates are 6%. What is this
bond's duration?
A) 3 years
B) 5.71 years
C) 1.96 years
D) 2.71 years
E) None of the above
Answer: D

118. A bond is selling in the market for $950 and has a duration of 6 years. Market interest rates are
9% and are expected to decrease to 7% in the near future. What will this bond's price be after the
change in market interest rates?
A) $969
B) $931
C) $1055
D) $854
E) $950
Answer: C

119. A bond is selling in the market for $1100 and has a duration of 4.5 years. Market interest rates
are 5% and are expected to increase to 7% in the near future. What will this bond's price be after
the change in market interest rates?
A) $1006
B) $1194
C) $1122

116 Test Bank, Chapter 7

 D) $1078
E) $1100
Answer: A

120. Which of the following is a true statement?

A) The longer the time to maturity of a security the smaller the duration
B) The lower the coupon rate of a security the smaller the duration
C) For a given duration and change in interest rates, the change in the price of the security will
be larger for a lower starting level of interest rates
D) The duration of a security remains constant no matter the level of market interest rates
E) All of the above are true statements
Answer: C

121. The fact that the rate of change in an asset's price varies with the level of interest rates is known
as:
A) Duration
B) Convexity
C) Maturity
D) Yield
E) None of the above
Answer: B

122. U.S. banks tend to fare best when the yield curve is:
A) Flat
B) Downward-sloping
C) Vertical
D) Upward-sloping
E) Kinked
Answer: D

123. Carolina National Bank knows that the interest rate on its loans change faster and by a larger
amount than the interest rate on its deposits. What type of risk is this an example of?
A) Default risk
B) Inflation risk
C) Liquidity risk
D) Call risk
E) Basis risk
Answer: E

124. Havoc State Bank has a loan that it fears will not be repaid because the company is going
into bankruptcy. What type of risk would this be an example of?
A) Default risk
B) Inflation risk
C) Liquidity risk
D) Call risk

Rose/Hudgins, Bank Management and Financial Services, 8/e 117

 E) Basis risk
Answer: A

125. The Carter National Bank is worried because it knows that the municipal bonds it has in
its bond portfolio can be difficult to sell quickly. What type of risk would this be an
example of?
A) Default risk
B) Inflation risk
C) Liquidity risk
D) Call risk
E) Basis risk
Answer: C

126. The Jackson State Bank is worried because many of the loans it has made are home mortgages
which can be paid off early by the homeowner. What type of risk would this be an example of?
A) Default risk
B) Inflation risk
C) Liquidity risk
D) Call risk
E) Basis risk
Answer: D

127. A bank is liability sensitive if its:

A) Deposits and nondeposit borrowings are affected by changes in interest rates
B) Interest-sensitive assets exceed interest-sensitive liabilities
C) Interest-sensitive liabilities exceed its interest-sensitive assets
D) Loans and securities are affected by changes in interest rates
E) None of the above
Answer: C

128. Which of the following would be an example of a repriceable asset?

A) Money the bank has borrowed from the money market
B) Cash in the vault
C) Demand deposits that do not pay interest
D) Short term securities issued by the government about to mature owned by the bank
E) All of the above are examples of repriceable assets
Answer: D

129. Which of the following would be an example of a repriceable liability?

A) Money the bank has borrowed from the money market
B) Cash in the vault
C) Demand deposits that do not pay an interest rate
D) Short term securities issued by the government about to mature owned by the bank
E) All of the above are examples of repriceable assets
Answer: A

118 Test Bank, Chapter 7

 130. Which of the following would be an example of a nonrepriceable asset?
A) Money the bank has borrowed from the money market
B) Cash in the vault
C) Demand deposits that do not pay an interest rate
D) Short term securities issued by the government about to mature owned by the bank
E) All of the above are examples of repriceable assets
Answer: B

131. Which of the following would be an example of a nonrepriceable liability?

A) Money the bank has borrowed from the money market
B) Cash in the vault
C) Demand deposits that do not pay an interest rate
D) Short term securities issued by the government about to mature owned by the bank
E) All of the above are examples of repriceable assets
Answer: C

132. The Tidewater State Bank has $1000 in total assets (all of which are earning assets), $700 of
which will be repriced with in the next 90 days. This bank also has $800 in total liabilities, $400
of which will be repriced within the next 90 days. Currently, the bank is earning 8% on its assets
and is paying 5% on its liabilities. If interest rates do not change in the next ninety days, what is
this bank’s net interest margin?
A) 8%
B) 5%
C) 4%
D) 1.4%
E) Cannot tell from the information given
Answer: C

133. The Tidewater State Bank has $1000 in total assets (all of which are earning assets), $700 of
which will be repriced with in the next 90 days. This bank also has $800 in total liabilities, $400
of which will be repriced within the next 90 days. Currently, the bank is earning 8% on its assets
and is paying 5% on its liabilities. What is the dollar interest-sensitive gap of this bank?
A) -$200
B) -$100
C) $200
D) $300
E) $600
Answer: D

134. The Tidewater State Bank has $1000 in total assets (all of which are earning assets), $700 of
which will be repriced with in the next 90 days. This bank also has $800 in total liabilities, $400
of which will be repriced within the next 90 days. Currently, the bank is earning 8% on its assets

Rose/Hudgins, Bank Management and Financial Services, 8/e 119

 and is paying 5% on its liabilities. If interest rates on both assets and liabilities rise by 2% in the
next 90 days, what would this bank’s net interest margin be?
A) 4%
B) 4.4%
C) 4.6%
D) 2.4%
E) 6%
Answer: C

135. The Tidewater State Bank has $1000 in total assets (all of which are earning assets), $700 of
which will be repriced with in the next 90 days. This bank also has $800 in total liabilities, $400
of which will be repriced within the next 90 days. Currently, the bank is earning 8% on its assets
and is paying 5% on its liabilities. If interest rates on both assets and liabilities rise by 2% in the
next 90 days, what should happen to this bank’s net interest margin?
A) It should rise
B) It should fall
C) It should stay the same
D) Cannot be determined from the above information
Answer: A

136. The Tidewater State Bank has $1000 in total assets (all of which are earning assets), $700 of
which will be repriced with in the next 90 days. This bank also has $800 in total liabilities, $400
of which will be repriced within the next 90 days. Currently, the bank is earning 8% on its assets
and is paying 5% on its liabilities. If interest rates on both assets and liabilities decrease by 2% in
the next 90 days, what would this bank’s net interest margin be?
A) 3.4%
B) 4%
C) .4%
D) 5.6%
E) 2%
Answer: A

137. The Tidewater State Bank has $1000 in total assets (all of which are earning assets), $700 of
which will be repriced with in the next 90 days. This bank also has $800 in total liabilities, $400
of which will be repriced within the next 90 days. Currently, the bank is earning 8% on its assets
and is paying 5% on its liabilities. If interest rates on both assets and liabilities decrease by 2%,
what should happen to this bank’s net interest margin?
A) It should rise
B) It should fall
C) It should stay the same
D) Cannot be determined from the above information
Answer: B

138. The Arnold National Bank has a bond portfolio that consists of bonds with 5 years to maturity
and a 9% coupon rate. These bonds are selling in the market for $1126. Coupon payments are
made annually on this bond. What is the yield to maturity on these bonds?

120 Test Bank, Chapter 7

 A) 3%
B) 6%
C) 9%
D) 12%
E) None of the above
Answer: B

139. The Arnold National Bank has a bond portfolio that consists of bonds with 5 years to maturity
and a 9% coupon rate. These bonds are selling in the market for $1126. Coupon payments are
made annually on this bond. What is duration of these bonds?
A) 3.77 years
B) 4.29 years
C) 5 years
D) 9 years
E) None of the above
Answer: B

140. The Harris State Bank has $2000 in total assets (all of which are earning assets), $500 of which
will be repriced in the next 90 days. This bank also has $1600 in total liabilities, $1000 of which
will be repriced in 90 days. The bank currently earns 9% on its assets and pays 4% on its
liabilities. If interest rates do not change in the next 90 days, what is this bank’s net interest
margin?
A) .5%
B) .8%
C) 1.8%
D) 5.8%
E) None of the above
Answer: D

141. The Harris State Bank has $2000 in total assets (all of which are earning assets), $500 of which
will be repriced in the next 90 days. This bank also has $1600 in total liabilities, $1000 of which
will be repriced in 90 days. The bank currently earns 9% on its assets and pays 4% on its
liabilities. What is the dollar interest sensitive gap of this bank?
A) $400
B) -$1100
C) -$500
D) $1000
E) None of the above
Answer: C

142. The Harris State Bank has $2000 in total assets (all of which are earning assets), $500 of which
will be repriced in the next 90 days. This bank also has $1600 in total liabilities, $1000 of which
will be repriced in 90 days. The bank currently earns 9% on its assets and pays 4% on its
liabilities. If interest rates on both assets and liabilities rise by 2% in the next 90 days, what
would be this bank’s net interest margin?
A) 4.2%
B) 5.3%

Rose/Hudgins, Bank Management and Financial Services, 8/e 121

 C) 5.8%
D) 6.2%
E) 7.8%
Answer: B

143. The Harris State Bank has $2000 in total assets (all of which are earning assets), $500 of which
will be repriced in the next 90 days. This bank also has $1600 in total liabilities, $1000 of which
will be repriced in 90 days. The bank currently earns 9% on its assets and pays 4% on its
liabilities. If interest rates on both assets and liabilities rise by 2% in the next 90 days, what
should happen to this bank’s net interest margin?
A) It should rise
B) It should fall
C) It should stay the same
D) Cannot be determined from the information given
Answer: B

144. The Harris State Bank has $2000 in total assets (all of which are earning assets), $500 of which
will be repriced in the next 90 days. This bank also has $1600 in total liabilities, $1000 of which
will be repriced in 90 days. The bank currently earns 9% on its assets and pays 4% on its
liabilities. If interest rates on both assets and liabilities fall by 2% in the next 90 days, what
would be this bank’s net interest margin?
A) 3.8%
B) 5.4%
C) 5.8%
D) 6.3%
E) 7.8%
Answer: D

145. The Harris State Bank has $2000 in total assets (all of which are earning assets), $500 of which
will be repriced in the next 90 days. This bank also has $1600 in total liabilities, $1000 of which
will be repriced in 90 days. The bank currently earns 9% on its assets and pays 4% on its
liabilities. If interest rates on both assets and liabilities fall by 2% in the next 90 days, what
should happen to this bank’s net interest margin?
A) It should rise
B) It should fall
C) It should stay the same
D) Cannot be determined from the information given?
Answer: A

146. Maryellen Epplin notices that a particular T-Bill has a banker’s discount rate of 9% in the Wall
Street Journal. She knows that this T-Bill has 20 days to maturity and has a face value of
$10,000. What price is this T-Bill selling for in the market?
A) $9100
B) $10,000
C) $9950
D) $1900
E) None of the above

122 Test Bank, Chapter 7

 Answer: C

147. Maryellen Epplin notices that a particular T-Bill has a banker’s discount rate of 9% in the Wall
Street Journal. She knows that this T-Bill has 20 days to maturity and has a face value of
$10,000. What is the yield to maturity on this T-Bill?
A) 9%
B) .5%
C) 4.5%
D) 9.17%
E) None of the above
Answer: D

148. The Raymond Burr National Bank has $1000 in assets with an average duration of 5 years. This
bank has $800 in liabilities with an average duration of 6.25 years. What is the duration gap of
this bank?
A) -1.25 years
B) 0 years
C) 1.25 years
D) -2.25 years
E) None of the above
Answer: B

149. The Raymond Burr National Bank has $1000 in assets with an average duration of 5 years. This
bank has $800 in liabilities with an average duration of 6.25 years. Market interest rates start at
6% and fall by 1%. What is the change in net worth of this bank?
A) $11.29
B) $-11.29
C) $0
D) -$22.22
E) $22.22
Answer: C

150. The interest rate on one year Treasury Bonds is 5%. The interest rate on five year Treasury
Bonds is 7.5%. The interest rate on ten year Treasury Bonds is 10%. What is true about the
yield curve?
A) It is upward sloping
B) It is downward sloping
C) It is a horizontal line
D) Cannot be determined from the information given
Answer: A

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