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KSL

communication skills (Kenya Institute of Mass Communication)

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KENYA SIGN LANGUAGE TRAINING

- CONVERSATIONAL LEVEL

(i.e. Basic KSL Course)

LESSON NOTES

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Lesson 1A – Fingerspelling ……………………………………………….. 2

Lesson 1B – Basic Greetings……………………………………………… 5
Lesson 2 – Introduction to Kenya Sign Language ……………………… 6
Lesson 3 – Pronouns and Question Markers …………………………… 9
Lesson 4 – Common Simple Words – I …………………………………. 10
Lesson 5 – Common Words – II …………………………………………. 12
Lesson 6 – Numbers & Words about Quantity …………………………. 13
Lesson 7 – Common Words – III …………………………………….. 15
Lesson 8 – Family, Relations and People Groups …………………….. 16
Lesson 9 – Time & Words about Time ………………………………….. 18
Lesson 10 – Prepositions and Common Adjectives …………………... 21
Lesson 11 – Self Introduction (Individual Presentations) …………….. 23
Lesson 12 – Christianity Vocabulary – I ……………………………….. 23
Lesson 13 – Self-composed Stories (Individual Presentations) …….. 25
Lesson 14 – Deaf Culture ……………………………………………….. 25
Lesson 15 – Home Signs ………………………………………………... 25
Lesson 16 – Food & Drinks, Fruits & Food Plants ……………………. 27
Lesson 17 – Christianity Vocabulary – II ………………………........ 28
Lesson 18A – Kenya Towns, Counties & Tribes ………………………29
Lesson 18B – Nairobi Sections, Estates & Land-marks ……………...29
Lesson 19A – Colours ……………………………………………………30
Lesson 19B – Emotions ………………………………………………….30
Lesson 20A – Animals & Other Creatures ….………………………….31
Lesson 20B – Directions, Nature & Weather …………………………..31
Lesson 21A – Clothes …………………………………………………… 32
Lesson 21B – Occupation and Workplace Vocabulary ……………….32
Lesson 22A – Commerce, Money and Banking ………………….……33
Lesson 22B – Countries ………………….………………………………33
Lesson 23 – Government, Politics & Social Life ……………………… 34
Lesson 24 – Body, Healthcare and Diseases ………………………… 35

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ALL SAINTS CATHEDRAL – KENYAN SIGN LANGUAGE TRAINING

LESSON 1A - FINGERSPELLING
THE ALPHABETS

OTHER IMPORTANT HANDSHAPES

Index Open-Hand Closed or S Claw-Hand Bent-Hand Curved Bent-V Horns

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1. SOME NOTES ON THE SIGNS FOR THE ALPHABETS

(i) The signs for the Alphabets are as shown in the Sheet of Alphabets Pictures
(ii) These Signs for Alphabets are the same in most English speaking countries
(iii) All your signing should be done within ‘the Sign Space’ (Passport Photo Frame).
(iv) ‘Blank’ is signed by moving Right-hand Open Palm from right side to left side. This is
mimicking the way the Manual Typewriter is shifted to a new line.
(v) Alphabets are usually signed with palm facing out, except for the following which may
be signed with palm facing different directions: G, O, X.
(vi) Note that each of the following has two versions of signing: B D S U
(vii) Take care to distinguish E from M and also to differentiate A, S and T.
(viii) The hand-shapes of the Alphabets are important in describing KSL signs of words.
In the Alphabets Sheet, other common hand-shapes are shown below the Alphabets.
2. IMPORTANCE OF FINGER-SPELLING
(i) Used for initials and abbreviations, e.g. MP, KBC, ICU, SMS
(ii) Important when one does not know the sign of a certain word: A-M-E-N
(iii) Used in presenting names and for signing uncommon ‘proper nouns’
(iv) Used for a word not widely known or for which KSL sign is not yet formed
(v) Used for clarification if two or more words have same sign
3. HOW TO FINGER-SPELL EFFECTIVELY
(i) Use appropriate hand position and body posture
(ii) Keep arm upright and steady but with relaxed hands and fingers
(iii) Don’t move hands as in writing
(iv) Don’t look at the fingers; keep your eyes in contact with the person receiving message
(v) When fingerspelling, don’t pronounce letters; it should be only fingers doing the spelling
(vi) Avoid lowering the hand; keep to ‘the Sign Space’
4. HOW TO GAIN COMPETENCE IN READING FINGER-SPELLING
(i) While reading the hand signing, maintain eye contact with the finger-speller
(ii) Remember that people are different in the manner they finger-spell; hence you have to
practice reading finger-spelling of diverse signers.
(iii) Practice with at least one colleague and also in front of a mirror – at increasingly higher
speed: at first ‘slowly’, then ‘medium’, and then ‘fast’.
(iv) Practice doing fingerspelling and reading someone else fingerspelling.
(v) You must be competent in READING ‘fast fingerspelling’.

5. FINGER-SPELLING PRACTICE
(a) Finger-spell the following. After you have done so, read the finger-spelling of your colleague.
(i) Your first name, and then your surname
(ii) GENESIS EXODUS LEVITICUS NUMBERS
DEUTERONOMY
(iii) The alphabets in the following sentence. The sentence contains all the
English alphabets.
I SAW THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMP OVER THE LAZY DOG
(b) Pair up. Sign name of one of your loved ones and let your classmate say what your signed.
Then alternate. Sign name of another loved one. Continue to alternate.
(c) Practice with your classmate, using the Fingerspelling Practice Sheet.

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FINGERSPELLING PRACTICE SHEET

(i) Practice finger-spelling the following.

(ii) Start anywhere and go in any direction of the list.
(iii) Practice reading fingers-spelling of different persons.
Practice with your course-mates, friends & family members.
(iv) Practice at different speeds: first ‘slow’, next ‘medium’, and then ‘fast’.
(v) Practice until you are very good at reading FAST FINGERSPELLING.

SOME KENYAN NAMES

01. SIWA 06. MUIVA 11. MATEI 16. JEPTUM
02. MULEI 07. OSERO 12. OKANGA 17. KHISA
03. NGIGI 08. OFULA 13. NGIRO 18. IRERI
04. SAWE 09. MUTIE 14. MUTEA 19. WANJA
05. MUITE 10. OSOTSI 15. KAHAI 20. RIUNGU

21. NGIRU 26. MATUI 31. NGARI 36. MASAKE

22. OSERE 27. NGURE 32. MUTUA 37. MIRMET
23. MKUMBI 28. MALEL 33. OKINDA 38. EUNYALATA
24. ZENGE 29. LOSIKE 34. NALIAKA 39. CHEPKONGA
25. OSEME 30. WAFULA 35. MUASI 40. LONYANGAPUO

41. ODIEDO 46. KILAZI 51. OTIATO 56. ERUON

42. MURAGE 47. NDUKU 52. MUTURI 57. WAKASIAKA
43. CHEMEI 48. LUVUVA 53. KIRUI 58. NGUCHUCH
44. MAKOKHA 49. NDUNGE 54. MUSIGA 59. ARINGO
45. MADOKA 50. CHEPKURUI 55. EKIRAPA 60. KHASAKHALA

SOME NAMES IN THE BIBLE

01. LEAH 06. HOREB 11. AARON 36. AQUILA
02. GILGAL 07. TOPAZ 12. SCEVA 37. PURIM
03. HEROD 08. URIM 13. SAUL 38. NOAH
04. ZIMRI 09. JABEZ 14. MAMRE 39. SHILOH
05. ENOCK 10. GATH 15. AGABUS 40. CUSH

21. RUFUS 26. ELIM 31. NIMROD 36. GEBION

22. SINAI 27. PHEBE 32. BEREA 37. ELYMAS
23. MYRRH 28. JETHRO 33. DELILAH 38. HYSSOP
24. REUEL 29. CYRENE 34. CAESAR 39. JERICHO
25. LYDIA 30. NAHOR 35. NADAB 40. DIDYMUS

41. NAZIRITE 46. AENEAS 51. ABADDON 56. ABEDNEGO

42. JEZEBEL 47. NINEVEH 52. HABAKKUK 57. BERECHIAH
43. ALPHAEUS 48. EUODIAS 53. HANANIAH 58. ARMAGEDDON
44. PHARAOH 49. ICHABOD 54. BETHPHAGE 59. BOARNERGES
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45. GOLGOTHA 50. EUTYCHUS 55. THADDAEUS 60. SHESHBAZZAR

LESSON 1B
BASIC GREETINGS

1. SIGNS FOR SOME BASIC WORDS

Signs for: KSL SIGN LANGUAGE FINGER-SPELL INTERPRET

2. COMMON GREETINGS

(a) Signing the following: GREET HELLO GOOD BAD

MORNING NOON AFTERNOON EVENING NIGHT/DARKNESS

(b) Signs for:

(i) GOOD MORNING  GOOD + MORNING
(ii) GOOD AFTERNOON  GOOD + AFTERNOON
(iii) GOOD EVENING  GOOD + EVENING
(iv) GOOD NIGHT  GOOD + NIGHT

Note: 1. As memory aid, you could take your palm as the sun rising from East (your Right Side)
in ‘Morning’. Straight Up is ‘Noon’. Left Side is ‘Afternoon’ and Further Left is
‘Evening’ (sunset in the West). Left-handed people too must observe this direction rule
2. NIGHT takes the sign for DARKNESS.

(c) More signs on Greetings:

FINE FINE? OK OK? WELCOME GOODBYE
THANK-YOU PLEASE SORRY APPLAUSE (“Clap”)
YES NO AGREE NAME

Note: 1. Note the difference between ‘FINE’ & ‘FINE?’, and ‘OK’ & ‘OK?’.
The second is a question, and it is shown by ‘raised the eyebrow’.
This is an example of using Facial Expression and other forms of Body Language in
signing, what we call ‘non-manual marker’ (NMM).
2. The Deaf use ‘OK?’ very often. You must get used to it very quickly.

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LESSON 2
INTRODUCING THE KENYA SIGN LANGUAGE
1. KSL is a language
Kenya Sign Language (KSL) is a distinct human language. It has now been officially recognized as
one of the 62 languages of Kenya (Reference: Ethnologue). KSL is a visual language. It is a young
language. Several English words do not yet have KSL signs, but the KSL vocabulary is enlarging.
There is no one universal Sign Language. Sign Language differs from country to country. The sign
for a word is formed from the visual world of the Deaf – Deaf people’s sight experience of their
context related to that word. The initial set of vocabulary developed at the pioneer schools for the
Deaf. For example, the KSL signs for the days of the week originated from the weekly routines of
the pioneer boarding school for the Deaf. Hence, it is not surprising that there are dialects of KSL –
Mombasa KSL Dialect, Nyanza KSL Dialect, etc. Also, the Deaf have slang, just like ‘Sheng’.
Competency in any language is developed from actively using the language, and especially by
regular interaction with the native users or competent users of the language. To be competent in
KSL, you have to practice using the language; you MUST interact directly regularly with the Deaf.
2. KSL is a language
Generally, in learning a language, there are 3 basic essentials: Vocabulary; Parts of Speech; and
Sentence Structure. In KSL, there are 2 more: Body Language; and Signing & Interpreting Rules.
In KSL, vocabulary is about the signs for the individual words. As you know, the Kiswahili word for
‘vocabulary’ is ‘kamusi’. Your KSL vocabulary’ is the pool of words whose signs you know. In a 3-hr
lesson you will be learning the signs of about 50 new words. By the time you complete this course,
you will have a KSL vocabulary of more than 1200 words. How can you store all these in memory?
The most effective way is by using the signs constantly – PRACTIVE! PRACTICE!! PRACTICE!!!
But language is not about isolated words. It is about constructing and interpreting sentences.
Hence, there is need to pay attention to the sentence structure. A college word for ‘sentence
structure’ is ‘Syntax’. KSL Syntax is different from English Syntax. When Kenyan Deaf write English
or send sms in English, they follow KSL sentence structure, which we shall regard as Kenyan
Deaf English. The ‘English’ of the Kenyan Deaf is different from the Standard English.
In this course, we are interpreting from English to KSL and from KSL to English. Remember that
the Deaf are not only in English-speaking events. The Deaf may be in a Kikuyu wedding service. In
that case, interpreting to the Deaf in that event will be from Kikuyu to KSL.
‘Written KSL’ can be in English, Kiswahili or Vernacular, i.e. Kenyan Deaf version of that particular
language. We usually write KSL words and sentences in CAPITAL LETTERS.
In language, there is also complexity of word meanings (Semantics). Some KSL signs take
different meanings in different contexts. And also, one particular word may have 2 or 3 different
signs. In getting meaning of non-written communication, we have also to pay attention to ‘body
language’. In Sign Language, that is about facial expression and ‘non-manual markers’ (NMMs).
Just like in Kiswahili, adjectives often follow nouns, e.g. ‘Jina lake’ – ‘NAME HIS’. As you know, in
English, adjective comes before noun. Most verb-based and adjective-based nouns have same
signs as the base words, e.g. ‘live’ and ‘life’ have the same sign; and ‘act’, ‘active’, ‘activity’, &
‘action’ have the same KSL sign. In KSL, we always omit articles such as ‘the’, ‘is’, etc., when the
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meaning of the message is clear with articles left out, e.g. ‘I go class’. “Signed Exact English”
(SEE) is discouraged. For KSL, drop the articles. Ok?
APPRECIATING KSL SENTENCE STRUCTURE
The following chart is intended to show the pattern of the KSL Sentence Structure (Syntax).
Ser KSL Sentence Form
The Equivalent in “Exact English”
No. (in Kenya Deaf English)
1. HELLO, YOU FINE? Hello! How are you?
2. YOU DEAF? Are you a Deaf Person?
3. YOU HEARING? Are you a Hearing Person?
4. NAME YOURS WHAT? What is your name?
5. YOU LEARN SIGN WHY? Why are you learning Sign Language?
6. YOU LEARN SIGN WHERE? Where are you learning Sign Language?
7. YOU LEARN SIGN WHY? Why are you learning Sign Language?
8. TEACHER YOURS NAME WHAT? What is your Teacher’s name?
9. SIGN T-H-A-N-K-S HOW? How do you sign ‘THANKS’?
10. YOU MARRY FINISH? Are you married?
11. NOT-YET, ME SINGLE No, I am single.
12. CHILDREN YOU HAVE? How many children do you have?
13. ME CHILD ZERO I don’t have any children.
14. PARENT YOURS CHILDREN HOW-MANY? How many children do your parents have?
15. FATHER MINE HAVE WIFE 3 CHILDREN 16 My Dad has 3 wives and 16 children
16. YOU HAVE SISTER HOW-MANY? How many sisters do you have?
17. SISTER 10 BROTHER 6 Ten sisters and six brothers
18. YOUR BROTHER SISTER DEAF? Are any of your brothers or sisters Deaf?
19. ME AND ONE SISTER DEAF I and one of my sisters are Deaf.
20. PARENT YOURS DEAF? Are your parents Deaf?
21. NO. FATHER MOTHER MINE ALL HEARING No, Dad and all his wives are Hearing.
22. YOU WORK WHERE? Where do you work?
23. ME COOK KENYATTA HOSPITAL I am a cook at Kenyatta Hospital
24. YOU LIKE YOUR WORK? Do you like your work?
25. MUCH MUCH. BOSS GOOD GOOD. Very much! Our boss is very good
SALARY OK and the salary is not bad.
26. FINGER-SPELL NAME FATHER YOURS SLOW Spell your Dad’s name slowly.
27. YOU WHO? Who are you?
28. NAME MINE T-O-M. My name is Tom.
SIGN-NAME [Long Nose] My sign name is [Long Nose]
29. YOU FROM WHERE? Where do come from?
30. ME STAY ISIOLO? I live at Isiolo.
31. YOU SCHOOL PAST WHERE? Where school did you attend school?
32. ISIOLO CATHOLIC DEAF SCHOOL Isiolo Catholic Deaf School.
33. YOU ARRIVE HERE WHEN? When did you arrive here?
34. WEDNESDAY, TWO WEEK PAST On Wednesday of last week but one.
35. YOU BACK WHEN? When will you return to Isiolo?
36. SATURDAY Next Saturday
37. ME HAVE ONE FRIEND ISIOLO. HER NAME T- I have a friend in Isiolo. She is called Tina.
I-N-A. COOK THERE DISTRICT HOSPITAL She is a cook at the District Hospital.
38. ME KNOW HER FINISH. TRUE BEAUTIFUL I know her. She is beautiful.
39. YOU KNOW FINISH ALL BEAUTIFUL LADY You know all beautiful ladies in Isiolo!
ISIOLO THERE

Questions: 1. What do we mean by saying that KSL is a visual language?

2. Explain Vocabulary (Kamusi), Sentence Structure (Syntax), Word Meaning
(Semantics), and Body Language.
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3. How many KSL signed words do you now have in your KSL Vocabulary?
SYNTAX EXERCISE 1

Try to get the meaning of each of the following sentences and then translate it
from Kenyan Deaf English into “Exact English”.
Note: In written KSL, comma is represented by one slash (‘/’) and full-stop by double slashes (‘//’).
But for question-sentence that ends with question-mark, double slashes may be omitted. Ok?

1. YOU OLD HOW-MANY?

2. YOU WORK WHERE?
3. JESUS LOVE YOU//
4. HE COME NOT-YET//
5. THEY LIKE TRUTH ZERO//
6. GOD WANT PEOPLE GIVE WITH JOY//
7. ME HATE TIME PEOPLE FIGHT//
8. TODAY TEACHER OURS TALK TALK// ME TIRED//
9. BRING BOOK SAME UMBRELLA MINE//
10. GOD WORK WONDERFUL//
11. PASTOR OURS PREACH GOOD GOOD TODAY//
12. YESTERDAY RAIN RAIN RAIN//
13. TODAY PEOPLE GO TOWN ZERO// MATATU STRIKE//
14. BIBLE SAY LOVE COVER SIN MUCH MUCH/ MEANING WHAT?//
(Because the Deaf are always thinking ‘visual’, metaphor confuses them; here “Cover. How?”)

SYNTAX EXERCISE 2

The following is a Story of the life experience of a Deaf. Try to get the meaning of each sentence in
the Story, and then translate the sentence from Kenyan Deaf English into “Exact English”.

NAME MINE T-I-R-I-S-I-A// SIGN NAME [Large Eyes]// ME BORN MOMBASA//

FATHER MINE KISII/ MOTHER MERU/ HUSBAND LUO//
FATHER MINE TEACHER/ MOTHER TAILOR//
ME SCHOOL BASIC PAST MASENO AND SECONDARY SCHOOL MACHAKOS//
ME HAVE SISTER 2/ BROTHER 2// ME FIRST CHILD//
ME ONLY DEAF/ OTHER ALL HEARING// PARENT MINE HEARING//
ME HAVE CHILDREN 3/ ALL HEARING//
ME TEACH KENYA SIGN LANGUAGE SPECIAL SCHOOL//
DEAF CHILD LIFE HARD// TIME ME CHILD MOTHER MINE CRY CRY//
FATHER ANGRY ALWAYS TIME SEE ME// FATHER ABUSE MOTHER MINE ALWAYS//
UNCLE MINE TELL FATHER ALWAYS/ ALLOW CHILD GO MASENO DEAF SCHOOL//
FATHER ACCEPT ZERO//
ME STAY WITH MOTHER TAILOR SHOP EVERYDAY TIME OTHER CHILDREN GO SCHOOL//
LATER ME START GO MASENO SCHOOL TIME ME OLD 9 YEAR//
LIFE BETTER MASENO SCHOOL/ BUT TIME SCHOOL BREAK ME COME HOME//
FATHER MOTHER SAD TIME SEE ME// ME SAD SAD TIME HOLIDAY//

…………………………………………………..
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LESSON 3: PRONOUNS AND QUESTION MARKERS

1. PRONOUNS
(a) Vocabulary:
(i) I/ME MY/MINE MYSELF
(ii) YOU (Singular) YOUR/YOURS YOURSELF
(iii) YOU (Plural) YOUR/YOURS YOURSELF
(iv) HE/HIM HIS HIMSELF
(v) SHE/HER HERS HERSELF
(vi) IT ITS ITSELF
(vii) WE/US OUR/OURS OURSELVES
(viii) THEY/THEM THEIR/THEIRS THEMSELVES
(ix) THIS THAT
(x) THESE THOSE
Note: 1. The Kenyan Deaf rarely use ‘I’. They commonly use ‘ME’ for the English ‘I’
2. There is a concept called ‘Placement’, for indicating a person to whom we are
referring, but who is not physically present where we are signing, e.g. HE, SHE.
(b) Some illustrative sentences:
(i) NAME MINE K-O-N-D-O// [Note that this is in the pattern of: JINA LANGU K-O-N-D-
O//]
(ii) HELLO// GOOD MORNING// NAME MINE T-O-M//
(iii) ME FINE// NAME MINE W-A-N-J-I-R-U//
(iv) THIS OK?
(v) NO/ THAT//
(vi) HE GREET US//
(vii) GOOD AFTERNOON// YOU FINE?
(viii) YES/ THANK-YOU// ME FINE//
(ix) OK// GOODNIGHT//
(x) GOODBYE//
2. QUESTION MARKERS
(a) Vocabulary
? WHAT WHAT? WHEN WHEN? WHO WHO?
WHY WHY? HOW HOW? WHERE WHERE?
WHICH WHICH? HOW-MANY? HOW-MUCH?
NOTE: Facial expression distinguishes the word for asking question from the other plain word.

(b) Sign the following:

(i) 1st Person: HELLO. YOU HOW?
(ii) 2nd Person: FINE.
(iii) 1st Person: HE WHO?
(iv) 2nd Person: C-H-E-R-U-I-Y-O-T.
st
(v) 1 Person: NAME HERS WHAT?
(vi) 2nd Person: M-A-R-G-A-R-E-T.
st
(vii) 1 Person: [Point] NAME ?
(viii) 2nd Person: (ME) T-I-R-I-S-I-A.
(ix) 1st Person: WE HOW-MANY?
(x) 2nd Person: WE?

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3. Revise the new signs in this Lesson, i.e. on Pronouns and Question Markers
………….

LESSON 4: COMMON SIMPLE WORDS - I

What you have learnt:

- Now, you are able to do: Fingerspelling, and Simple Greetings.
- You now have general idea of what we mean by Kenya Sign Language.
- Your KSL Vocabulary has grown up to 70 signed words.
Note: Keep practising on these as we move on. Use your phone’s video to record difficult signs.
1. SIGNS FOR SOME SIMPLE COMMON VERBS
(a) Vocabulary
(i) COME (“Beckoning”) COME (“Come here”) COME (“Approach”) CALL RETURN
(ii) GO GO-AWAY (“Depart”) TO FROM
(iii) SIT STAND KNEEL JUMP FALL WALK
(iv) SEE/LOOK SEARCH CHECK [Note also the sign for ATTITUDE]
(v) LOVE WANT LIKE DESIRE HATE CURSE
(vi) HAVE ACCEPT APPROVE REFUSE REJECT
(vii) GIVE RECEIVE BRING/WELCOME CARRY
(viii) LAUGH SMILE FROWN CRY
(b) More words
FRIEND SWEETHEART
NOW TODAY TOMORROW YESTERDAY
HERE THERE OUTSIDE HOME
(c) Some illustrative sentences
(i) YOU WANT WHAT?
(ii) ME LIKE FINGERSPELLING//
(iii) SHE LIKE READ//
(iv) SHE LOVE YOU// SHE SWEATHEART YOURS?
(v) NO/ SHE FRIEND MINE//
2. SOME CLASSROOM-RELATED WORDS
(a) Vocabulary
(i) SPEAK/TALK SAY/TELL DISCUSS CONVERSE
(ii) HEAR LISTEN OBEY DEAF
(iii) TEACH TEACHER [TEACH + PERSON] PEOPLE
(iv) LEARN STUDENT/LEARNER [LEARN + PERSON] CLASS
(v) BOOK READ WRITE
(vi) CORRECT WRONG TRUE FALSE LIE

(b) Sign the following:

(i) 1st Person: YOU DEAF?
(ii) 2nd Person: NO. ME HEARING.
st
(iii) 1 Person: YOU SIGN GOOD.
(iv) 2nd Person: THANK-YOU.
(v) 1st Person: ME SIGN. YOU INTERPRET. OK?
(vi) 2nd Person: OK.
st
(vii) 1 Person: READY? CONCENTRATE.
(viii) 2nd Person: OK. WE LISTEN.
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(ix) 1st Person: AGAIN.

(x) 2nd Person: NO. ME END.
st
(xi) 1 Person: THIS MORNING ME ASK QUESTION. YOU ANSWER. OK?
(xii) 2nd Person: OK.
3. SOME WORDS FOR CLASSROOM INTERACTIONS
(a) Vocabulary
(i) TIME READY CONCENTRATE/FOCUSED
(ii) START WAIT CONTINUE FINISH END/STOP STOP (‘Desist’)
(iii) AGAIN SLOW FAST
(iv) ASK QUESTION ANSWER/REPLY
(v) LATE EARLY/PUNCTUAL WASHROOM

(b) Some illustrative sentences:

(i) TIME CLASS END ME GO HOME//
(ii) HE FINGERSPELL FAST//
(iii) YOU LEARN SIGN LANGUAGE WHY?
(iv) YOU START WHEN? FINISH WHEN?
(v) TEACHER YOURS WHO?
(vi) WE READ// THEY WRITE//
(vii) TEACHER TALK// STUDENT LISTEN//
(viii) SHE FINGER-SPELL FAST//
(ix) BOOK MINE WHERE?
(x) BOOK WHICH?
4. SIGNS FOR SOME COMMON WORDS IN LEARNING SITUATION
(a) Vocabulary
(i) KNOW THINK UNDERSTAND REMEMBER/ REMIND
FORGET
(ii) IDEA/THEORY IMAGINE DREAM/MEDITATE
(iii) CLEVER DULL/STUPID WISE DECIDE
(iv) MIND/INTELLECT REASON BECAUSE
MATTER/ISSUE
(v) EASY DIFFICULT TRY PRACTICE
(vi) TOPIC LESSON WORD SENTENCE STORY
MEANING
(b) Some illustrative sentences:
(i) ME LEARN KSL// TEACHER MINE GOOD//
(ii) ME CLEVER// ME UNDERSTAND SIGN LANGUAGE//
(iii) ME FINGERSPELL FINE// FINGERSPELL EASY//
(iv) TIME ME PRACTICE ME UNDERSTAND FINE//
(v) YOU KNOW SIGN S-O-R-R-Y HOW?
(vi) ME FORGET// ASK TEACHER//
(vii) ME TRY INTERPRET STORY HIS//
(viii) HE ASK ME QUESTION DIFFICULT//
(ix) GIVE ME BOOK MINE//
(x) ME FORGET BRING BOOK YOURS//
5. Revise the new signs of this Lesson
6. About Homework in this Course:

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(a) Some Homework Exercises are included in this Manual. The purpose is to provide you with
some materials to encourage you to practice after you have left class. In this Course, your
own personal practice is very important. Do every Homework Exercise.
(b) Some on them are for signing practice, and hence are not the type you write and submit to
be marked by the Teacher.
(c) Your Teacher may decide to give you a different homework. But do each one given in this
Manual, whether or not the Teacher gives a different one.

HOMEWORK - 1

1. Change the following story from KSL English into Exact English:

BOY [placement] NAME K-I-M/ HE HELP FATHER HIS IN FARM SATURDAY SATURDAY//
FARM NEAR ROAD IN VILLAGE// TIME KIM AND FATHER WORK IN FARM/ CAR BIG NEW
PASS// BOTH STOP WORK/ LOOK CAR// DUST MUCH MUCH// FATHER TELL KIM/ YOU
KNOW MAN IN THAT CAR?// KIM REPLY SAY NO// FATHER EXPLAIN/ TIME THAT MAN
SMALL IN VILLAGE HERE/ HE AND FATHER WORK IN FARM NEAR CHURCH OURS
THERE// KIM THINK THINK/ NOD-HEAD// ME TOO YEARS FEW FUTURE ME BECOME
BIG/ DRIVE CAR SAME SAME// ME MUST READ WORK HARD HARD// STORY FINISH//

2. (a) Give 10 words that cannot be signed meaningfully with one hand.
(b) Give 10 words that are signed clearly above the shoulder-level.
(c) Give 5 pairs of words signed with same handshape but with different hand orientations.
(d) Give 5 words signed (i) with Index-Finger, (ii) with Claw Handshape,
(iii) with S-Handshape, (iv) with A-Handshape.
-------------------------

LESSON 5: COMMON WORDS – II

1. SIGNS FOR NAMES OF SCHOOL LEVELS

Vocabulary: CLASS SCHOOL NURSERY PRIMARY SECONDARY
COLLEGE UNIVERSITY/PROFESSIONAL
2. MORE COMMON WORDS
(a) Vocabulary:
(i) STUDY TRAINING SKILL EXPERIENCE
(ii) ASSIGNMENT EXAM SCORE/MARK RESULT PASS FAIL
(iii) HELP SUPPORT (Compare BRIDGE) ENCOURAGE EXPLAIN
ADVICE/COUNSEL
(iv) ATTAIN/ACHIEVE SUCCEED OVERCOME QUIT/ABANDON
(v) CLEAR/AWARE SURE MAYBE GUESS DOUBT
(vi) OLD NEW NEWS
(vii) INFORM ANNOUNCE SPREAD
(viii) MEET ASSEMBLY ABSENT/MISS ATTEND/PRESENT POSTPONE CANCEL
(ix) LEAD FOLLOW BOSS RESPONSIBLE VOLUNTEER
SHOW/EXAMPLE
(x) LAUGH SMILE FROWN CRY
(xi) HAPPY REJOICE SAD ANGRY SERIOUS
(xii) BORING INTERESTING/MOTIVATED TIRED DOZE SICK
(xiii) TAKE/PICK PUT PUT-IN TAKE-OUT GET/HOLD CATCH

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(xiv) KEEP LOSE FIND STEAL REMOVE TRANSFER

(xv) COLLECT DISTRIBUTE SHARE
(xvi) NICE SWEET (Taste) SWEET (Candy)
(b) Signing some illustrative sentences:
(i) WE HAVE EXAM//
(ii) WE SEE HER COME//
(iii) FOLLOW ME// DO SAME ME DO/ OK?
(iv) SHE GO WORK MORNING RETURN NIGHT//
(v) WE DISCUSS EXAM RESULT OURS//
(vi) ME PASS GOOD GOOD// TEACHER GIVE ME PRIZE//
(vii) HE FAIL// HE SAD//
(viii) TOPIC BORING/ ME TIRED//
(ix) WE EARLY/ WE DISCUSS//
(x) TEACHER GIVE (US) ASSIGNMENT//
(xi) TEACHER THAT/ EXAM HIS EASY//
(xii) ME LOSE BOOK MINE// YOU FIND? FIND?
(c) Sign the following:
(i) TEACHER OURS HAPPY TIME WE SIGN FINE//
(ii) WE LIKE STORY YOURS//
(iii) REMEMBER BRING BOOK MINE. OK?
(iv) WE REJOICE TIME SHE DO FINE//
(v) WE SUPPORT FRIEND OURS//
(vi) LEADER OURS HE ENCOURAGE US//
(vii) ME VOLUNTEER HELP TEACHER BRING BOOK//
(viii) YOU REMIND TEACHER GIVE TEST/ WHY?// ME HAPPY TIME TEACHER
FORGET TEST//
(ix) ME LIKE RECEIVE GIFT//
(x) RESULT COME/ YOU PASS// “Applause”.
3. REVISION: Out of all lessons covered so far, which signs are not clear to you?
List them on paper and give the list to the Teacher.
_____________________________________________

LESSON 6: NUMBERS AND WORDS ABOUT QUANTITY

1. Signs of Numerals
(i) The KSL Signs for: NUMBER COUNT/CALCULATE
(ii) Signing ‘zero’: 0
(iii) The first five numerals: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
(iv) Numeral ‘5’ as a ‘Marker’
o Signing the next five numerals: 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
(v) Numeral ‘10’ as another ‘Marker’
o Signing the next five numerals: 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 (as 10+1, 10+2, 10+3, 10+4, 10+5)
(vi) Signing a two-digit number, e.g. 12, 14, 17, 20, 30, 50, 43, 59, 68
(vii)Signing a two-digit number that has repeated numeral, e.g. 11, 33, 66, 99
(viii) The sign for ‘one hundred’: 100
(ix) ‘One Hundred’ as a ‘Marker’
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o Signing the ‘hundreds’: 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900
(x) The sign for ‘one thousand’: 1000
(xi) ‘One Thousand’ as a ‘Marker’
o Signing the ‘thousands’: 1,000; 2,000; 3,000; 4,000; 5,000; 6,000; 7,000; 8,000; 9,000
(xii)Signing some illustrative numbers: 400, 8000, 777, 985, 426, 2009, 7005, 9,013
(xiii) The sign for ‘one million’: 1,000,000
(xiv) ‘One Million’ as a ‘Marker’
o Signing the ‘millions’: 1,000,000 2,000,000 5,000,000 6,000,000 2,408,716 9,876,543

(xv) Signing some illustrative numbers:

44,444 85,625 132,576 999,999 26,895,714
2. Ordinal Numbers
Numbers that represent quantity are called ‘Cardinal Numbers’ (e.g. 1, 2, 39), while those that
represent order or ranking are called ‘Ordinal Numbers’. (e.g. the labels 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc).
o Signing the following ordinal numbers: 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th.

3. Decimal Numbers
The symbol ‘dot’ is the ‘Marker’ for ‘decimal point’ in KSL.
o Signing the following decimal numbers: .5 0.9 14.6 385.2 7.437

4. Fractions
(i) Signs for: HALF, QUARTER, THIRD, THREE-QUARTER, TWO-THIRD
(ii) Signing the following fractions: 1/10 2/5 3/8 47/100
5. Percentages
o Signs for the following: PERCENT {Same as %} 3% 66% 99%

6. Some special words concerning quantity

(i) ADD (Add number) SUBTRACT TOTAL INCREASE DECREASE
(ii) FEW MANY LITTLE MUCH MORE LESS EQUAL
(iii) WHOLE PART SHARE
(iv) ONLY BOTH TRINITY
(v) ALONE EACH SOME ALL NONE OTHER/ANOTHER EACH-
OTHER
(vi) EACH-OF-US ALL-OF-US ALL-OF-THEM BOTH-OF-YOU
EVERYDODY
(vii) FIRST LAST
(viii) MONEY SHILLING COIN PRICE/COST CHEAP EXPENSIVE BUY
SELL
(ix) RICH POOR
(x) ENOUGH RARE/SCARCE COMMON FULL EMPTY
7. Plural of Noun
(i) In KSL, commonly, the Plural of Noun has the same sign as its Singular:
One teacher  TEACHER 1 3 teachers  TEACHER 3
One student  STUDENT 1 15 students  STUDENT 25
(ii) Plural Markers: For some nouns, plural is indicated with certain ‘Plural Markers’. These
will be clearer as we learn more nouns. However, look out for the following tWO types:
o Replication depicting multiples, e.g. CHILDREN, GROUPS
o Use of Both Hands e.g. HELLO (to many people)
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(iii) Signing emphasis of Quantity or Quality: Many Much Very many Very
much
Note: There is KSL sign for ‘Very’, but it is rarely used by the Deaf. The following are used
together with Non-manual Markers (NMMs)
Many students  STUDENT MANY
Very many students  STUDENT MANY MANY
Much work  WORK MUCH
Very much work  WORK MUCH MUCH or WORK WORK
8. Sign the following:
(i) TEACHER WRITE OUR NAME IN HIS BOOK// ME NUMBER 12//
(ii) TRUE/ EXAM THAT DIFFICULT// STUDENT PASS ONLY-4//
(iii) FIRST SECOND THIRD ONLY CATCH PRIZE//
(iv) YOU BUY THIS MONEY 4,000? EXPENSIVE//
(v) ME WALK WALK TIME 11.30AM TILL 5.45PM// ME TIRED//
(vi) MEETING THAT/ PEOPLE MANY THERE// ME COUNT 149//
(vii) YOU KNOW HOW-MANY WE? 34MILLION//
(viii) TV NEWS/ COLLEGE BOSS ONE HE STEAL 250,000/ COLLEGE MONEY//
(ix) SACK?
(x) NO/ HE RETURN MONEY// TRANSFER OTHER SCHOOL//
(xi) TRUE/ REASON OTHER PEOPLE STEAL 1 BILLION//
(xii) IF YOU MONEY 250,000 HAVE/ YOU BUY THINGS WHAT?
(xiii) FIRST ME GIVE GOD 1/10//
(xiv) ME FRIEND YOURS/ GIVE-ME HOW-MUCH?
(xv) YEAR 2006 ME BUY MONEY 200 THIS// NOW SELL 950//
__________________

LESSON 7: COMMON WORDS - III

1. SIGNS FOR SOME MORE COMMON WORDS

(a) Vocabulary:
(i) WAIT STAY LIVE/LIFE RESIDE
(ii) EXPECT/HOPE ARRIVE LEAVE/DEPART
(iii) ABANDON ABOLISH/DELETE/DISCARD
(iv) SHY ASHAMED
(v) CHANGE/AMEND REPLACE DELETE/DISCARD REJECT
(vi) BLAME/ACCUSE AQUIT/ABSOLVE
(vii) DISTURB INSULT
(viii) NEED USE HIDE DISCOVER/REVEAL
(b) Signing some illustrative sentences:
(i) WE COME MORNING/ LEAVE EVENING//
(ii) ME LATE/ ME ARRIVE NIGHT//
(iii) TEACHER LATE/ WE WAIT//
(iv) TEACHER STAY WHERE?
2. SIGNS FOR SOME MORE COMMON WORDS
(a) Vocabulary:
(i) PLAN/ARRANGE/PREPARE NEIGHBOUR
(ii) AIM/PURPOSE AGENDA/PROGRAM
(iii) IMPORTANT ORDINARY/NORMAL SPECIAL/UNIQUE STRANGE
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(iv) AND/WITH TOGETHER SAME BUT DIFFERENT COMPARE/WEIGH

(v) IF SO [“That way”] OF FOR THEREFORE BECAUSE
(vi) IS THE BE BY CAUSE/HAPPEN LET/ALLOW
(vii) ABOUT/CONCERNING SOMETHING THINGS
(viii) DO WORK MAKE CREATE/MOULD REPAIR/MEND
(ix) PROBLEM STRUGGLE SUFFERING SUPPRESS SOLVE
(x) SILENT/QUIET LOUD/NOISY SECRET/CONFIDENTIAL
(xi) WARN COMMAND/ORDER
(xii) CHOOSE APPOINT SACK
(xiii) DISABLED/DISABILITY BLIND WHEELCHAIR
(xiv) BREAK/DAMAGE/DESTROY/SPOIL TEAR
(xv) PUSH PULL CLIMB DESCEND

(b) Signing some illustrative sentences:

(i) IF YOU FAIL/ TRY AGAIN//
(ii) IF PRACTICE/ YOU IMPROVE//
(iii) TEACHER ANNOUNCE FINISH//
(iv) YES BE YES AND NO BE NO//
(v) TEACHER MISS/ WE TEACH OURSELVES//
(vi) WRITE THAT YOU SURE// GUESS BAD//
(vii) TIME TEACHER EXPLAIN/ ME UNDERSTAND FINE//
(viii) TEACHER ALLOW HIM LEAVE//
(ix) WE HARDWORKING// WE SUCCEED//
(x) THEY STUDENT STUDY GOOD/ HARDWORKING// THEY CONCENTRATE//
(xi) TIME WE PROBLEM HAVE/ WE TRY TRY/ WE OVERCOME//
(xii) AFTERNOON ME TELL STORY/ TOPIC “SILENT NIGHT”//
(c) More illustrative sentences:
(i) TIME YOU HERE/ YOU CONCENTRATE// OK?
(ii) FRIEND HELP FRIEND TIME PROBLEM THERE//
(iii) TIME ME WORK LATE/ ME MISS CLASS//
(iv) WE MEET HERE/ THEY ASSEMBLE THERE//
(v) WE COME EARLY/ NOW MEETING POSTPONE//

3. REVISION: Out of all lessons covered so far, which signs are not clear to you?
List them on paper and give the list to the Teacher.
_________________________________

LESSON 8: FAMILY RELATIONS AND PEOPLE GROUPS

1. Signs for: PERSON/HUMAN, PEOPLE/PERSONS
2. Vocabulary:
(i) BOY MAN/FATHER GIRL WOMAN
(ii) CHILD SON (BOY + CHILD) DAUGHTER (GIRL + CHILD)
(iii) BABY PARENT ANCESTOR (PARENT + PAST PAST)
(iv) SAME BROTHER SISTER
(v) MARRIED HUSBAND (MAN + MARRIED) WIFE (WOMAN + MARRIED)
(vi) MOTHER AUNTIE NIECE COUSIN
(vii) FATHER UNCLE NEPHEW
(viii) OLD GRANDFATHER GRANDMOTHER GRANDSON
(ix) YOUNG/YOUTH ADULT
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(x) LOVE FRIEND SWEETHEART NEIGHBOUR

(xi) BOYFRIEND (BOY + FRIEND) GIRLFRIEND (GIRL + FIREND)
3. More Vocabulary:
(i) FAMILY COMMUNITY/GROUP/CLASS ASSOCIATION/COALITION
(ii) LIFE LIVE DIE BURY HOME VILLAGE
(iii) WEDDING SEPARATED/DIVORCE
(iv) BEHAVIOUR ACT /ACTION ATTITUDE DEPEND TRUST
(v) INCLUDE BELONG MEMBER JOIN FELLOWSHIP
4. In Lesson-2 on ‘Introducing Kenya Sign Language’, we have some sentences for ‘Appreciating
KSL Sentence Structure’. Sign the sentences numbered 1 to 21.

5. Signing some illustrative sentences:

(i) FAMILY MINE WE 9/ SISTER 4/ BROTHER 3/ WITH PARENT OURS//
(ii) ME HAVE COUSIN UNIVERSITY STUDENT//
(iii) HIS SISTER YOUNG THAN COLLEGE STUDENT//
(iv) CHILD LAST (IN) CLASS 4//
(v) UNCLE MINE NAME HIS J-O-E/ HE LOVE ME MUCH//
(vi) UNCLE GOOD/ BUT HE LIKE WOMEN MUCH MUCH// HE HAVE WIFE 3//
(vii) TEACHER OURS DAUGHTER 2 HAVE/ FIRST BORN OLD 10/ SECOND BORN OLD 12//
(viii) MONTH PAST/ NIECE MINE WEDDING FINSH// SHE OLD 40// WE CELEBRATE MUCH//
(ix) GRANDMOTHER MINE/ SHE BORN 1925// OLD OLD// STAY VILLAGE//
(x) GRANDFATHER TELL STORY ABOUT PARENT PAST PAST TIME PAST PAST//
6. Writing each the following in KSL English and then signing it:
(i) I am Eunice. I am 18 years old.
(ii) My parents have six children, four daughters and two sons.
(iii) My mother is a Nursery Teacher. My father teaches at a Teachers’ College.
(iv) I am the 4th of the daughters.
(v) All my sisters are married.
(vi) I am single. You know I am still young. But I hope to marry.
(vii)My sisters completed University. I will go next year.
(viii) My brothers are in secondary school.
(ix) My grandfather died last year.
(x) My grandmother is still alive. She is 92, very old.
7. Homework Exercise
(a) Homework – Sign the following:
(i) ME GRANDMOTHER FINISH// TODAY/ DAUGHTER MINE BORN BABY GIRL//
(ii) NAME GRANDDAUGHTER MINE R-E-J-O-I-C-E// TIME BORN WEIGH 1.85KG//
(iii) TIME ME CHILD/ ME THINK SAME CHILD// NOW ME CHILD BEHAVIOUR HAVE ZERO//
(iv) TIME ME CHILD/ BIRTHDAY MINE PARENT MINE CELEBRATE NEVER//
(v) ME JOIN FELLOWSHIP GROUP THAT 2006// ME NOW MEMBER YEAR 4//
(vi) UNCLE MINE CHANGE WIFE/ DIVORCE SECOND WIFE/ MARRY ANOTHER//
(vii) ENCOURAGE YOUNG PEOPLE/ THEY FUTURE LEADER//
(viii) WE ACCEPT RUDENESS HERE NEVER//
(ix) NIECE N-E-E-M-A AND NEPHEW MINE M-R-E-F-U/
MOTHER THEIRS G-R-A-C-E/ SHE SISTER MINE//
(x) TWO COUSIN MINE THESE// FIRST NAME J-A-N-E DAUGHTER (OF) AUNTIE L-I-Z/
OTHER GIRL J-O-A-N DAUGHTER (OF) UNCLE T-O-M//

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(b) Homework – Write each of these in KSL English and then sign it:
(i) Children, obey your parents.
(ii) Poor parents don’t celebrate a child’s birthday.
(iii) Love your neighbour as yourself.
(iv) When I was young I lived in the village. Life was hard there.
(v) All will die. And each of us expects to be buried.

8. Signing ‘The Grace’

THE GRACE OF OUR LORD JESUS CHRIST
LOVE OF GOD
FELLOWSHIP OF HOLY SPIRIT
BE WITH US NOW AND EVERMORE

9. Preparation for your Self-Introduction Presentation

(a) This is advance notice. As indicated in the Course Timetable, you will soon be required to
sign your Self-Introduction to the class. In preparation, you are required to compose what
you will present to the Class on ‘About Myself’. It will be a signed presentation of not less
than 4 minutes and not more than 5 minutes. The objectives are to encourage you to start
using your KSL vocabulary and to build your self confidence in signing.
(b) You should try to use what you have learnt from the different topics covered so far. First
write in Exact English and then convert it to KSL English. Plan to present very much about
yourself in about 5 minutes. Practice signing it. Rehearse it very well. Time yourself – not
less than 4 minutes and not more than 5 minutes. Ok?
______________________

LESSON 9: TIME AND WORDS ABOUT TIME

1. DIMENSIONS OF TIME
(i) Time of the Day: Morning, Afternoon, Evening, Night
(ii) Clock Time: 8am, 10.15pm
(iii) Days of the Week: Monday, Tuesday, … , Sunday
(iv) Months of the Year: January, February, … , December
(v) Time Adverbs: Before, After, Later, Always, Never, Sometimes, Often, Soon . . .
(vi) Tense: Present Tense, Past Tense . . .
(vii) Timeline (Developmental Stages): Babyhood/Infancy, Childhood, Youth, Adult, Old Age
2. DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES
Vocabulary: CHILD TEEN ADULT PEOPLE-OLD

3. TIME OF THE DAY

(i) Revise the following: TIME, MORNING, AFTERNOON, EVENING, NIGHT
(ii) Sign this: WE ARRIVE AFTERNOON. WE LEAVE EVENING.
4. CLOCK TIME
(a) Vocabulary: HOUR MINUTE SECOND
(b) Signing the following: 8AM 10.15PM 11.30AM 1.55PM 12NOON 12MIDNIGHT
5. DAYS OF THE WEEK

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Vocabulary:
DAY WEEK MONTH (same as SALARY) YEAR
MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY SUNDAY
BORN/BIRTH BIRTHDAY CALENDAR
6. MONTHS OF THE YEAR
Vocabulary: JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE
JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER
7. SOME SENTENCE FOR PRACTICE:
(i) BIRTHDAY MINE 8 APRIL 1988/
(ii) WE MEET THURDAY TIME 5.30 EVENING//
(iii) COME SUNDAY MORNING TIME 7.30//
(iv) GO THURSDAY 8 JUNE//
(v) STAY MONTH MONTH 5//
8. TIME ADVERBS
(a) Vocabulary:
(i) NOW TODAY YESTERDAY TOMORROW EVERYDAY/ALWAYS
(ii) NEXT BEFORE/EARLIER AFTER/AFTERWARDS PAST THEN (“That
time”)
(iii) NOT-YET LATER SOON NEVER SOMETIMES/OCCASIONALLY OFTEN
(iv) EARLY LATE PUNCTUAL SLOW FAST/QUICKLY
(b) Signing some illustrative sentences:
(i) YOU LATE ALWAYS/ WHY?//
(ii) ME FINISH NOT-YET//
(iii) TEACHER AGREE WE LEAVE EARLY TODAY// LESSON END TIME 6.45
EVENING//
(iv) WE MEET PRACTICE TIME BEFORE CLASS START//
(v) TODAY DECIDE/ TOMORROW MAY LATE//
(vi) HE COME HERE SOMETIMES//
(vii) WAIT/ HE COME SOON//
9. TENSE
(a) Signs for indicating Past Event
(i) The Markers for past tense or past event are: PAST and FINISH
(ii) Writing the following in KSL and signing them:
I am married  ME MARRY FINISH
Long ago  TIME PAST PAST
Last year  YEAR PAST
Two years ago  YEAR 2 PAST
I went and stayed five days there.  ME GO FINISH. ME STAY DAY 5 FINISH.
Or, when the sense of ‘past’ is clear:  ME GO PAST. STAY DAY 5.
Our teacher was late.  TEACHER OURS LATE PAST.
Or, since the sense of ‘past’ is evident here:  TEACHER OURS LATE.
(b) Signs for indicating Future Event
(i) Sign for: FUTURE
o WE FUTURE OVERCOME//
o ME TOO YEARS FEW FUTURE ME BECOME BIG/ DRIVE CAR SAME SAME//
(ii) Signing the following English sentences:

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o I shall attend.
o He will leave on Thursday.

(c) Signs for indicating Present Continuous and Habitual Continuous

N.B.: In KSL, the signing of Present Continuous is not in well-developed pattern.
For some verbs, Present Continuous is shown:
By repeating the sign for the verb
o Teach  TEACH; Teaching  TEACH TEACH
However, in many cases,
(i) Where there is the need to emphasize Present Continuous,
o you could use ‘NOW’ as Marker, e.g..
(ii) Where Habitual Continuous needs to be emphasized,
o use ‘ALWAYS’ as Marker, e.g. .

10. SOME SPECIAL AUXILARIES

(a) Vocabulary: MAY/MAYBE MUST/SHOULD CAN/ABLE/POSSIBLE IMPOSSIBLE

(b) Signing some illustrative sentences:

(i) WE FUTURE OVERCOME.
(ii) YES WE CAN.
(iii) ME WILL ATTEND BUT MAYBE LATE.
11. NEGATION MARKERS
(a) Vocabulary: 0 NO NOT NOTHING NEVER DON’T
Note: DON’T is rarely used by the Deaf.
(b) Signing some illustrative sentences:
(i) He has ‘zero’ in exam  HE CATCH EXAM ZERO.
(ii) He says nothing good about me  HE NICE ABOUT ME NEVER.
(iii) Don’t hurry  FAST NO.
(c) Note: In KSL, negation is not by word-for-word signing but rather by communicating the
negation message in recast form, e.g.
(i) You must not steal  STEAL NOTHING or STEAL NEVER
(ii) He does not smile  HE SMILE NEVER
(iii) Don’t abandon me  PLEASE REJECT ME ZERO or REJECT ME NO
(iv) He is not clever  HE CLEVER ZERO or HE CLEVER NO
(v) I don’t like lateness  ME LIKE LATE ZERO
(vi) Money cannot buy love  MONEY BUY LOVE IMPOSSIBLE
(vii) I may not come  ME COME MAYBE
(viii) He will not accept  HE POSSIBLE ACCEPT ZERO
(ix) We cannot continue  WE CONTINUE IMPOSSIBLE
(x) Once he decides, no one can stop him
 TIME HE DECIDE FIINISH IMPOSSIBLE PEOPLE STOP

12. HOMEWORK ON ‘TIME’

(a) Homework – Sign the following:
(i) ME NOW LEARN KSL// WE START FEBRUARY PAST//
(ii) CLASS OURS LEARN DAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY TIME 5.30 EVENING
TILL 7.30 EVENING//
(iii) OTHER CLASS LEARN SATURDAY/ TIME 9 MORNING TILL 12.30 AFTERNOON//

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(iv) ME LEARN NUMBER FINISH// ME LEARN TIME FINISH// ME POSSIBLE SIGN DAY
WEEK MONTH YEAR//
(v) SCHOOL HAVE VACATION MONTH APRIL AUGUST DECEMBER//
(vi) ME BORN FEBRUARY 29 1992//
(vii) BIRTHDAY MINE COME FOURTH FOURTH YEAR/ BECAUSE (or WHY?)
L-E-A-P YEAR/ MEANING YEAR JUMP//
(viii) L-E-A-P YEAR HAVE 366 DAY/ NORMAL YEAR HAVE 365//
(ix) FROM HERE DISTANCE 2 KM/ BUT TIME 1 HOUR 20 MINUTE//
(x) WE HAVE MUCH MUCH, SELL HALF AND GIVE DISTRIBUTE ONE-QUARTER.
(b) Homework – Write each of these in KSL English and then sign it:
(i) Seven days make one week. Four weeks make one month. Twelve months make one year.
(ii) That is a day we want to forget, a very bad day.
(iii) Count carefully before you leave.
(iv) We meet every last Friday of the month.
(v) We want our teacher to move our Thursday class to Friday.
(vi) Read this book every day. Think about what you read and obey what it says.
-----------------

LESSON 10: PREPOSITIONS AND COMMON ADJECTIVES

1. Common Prepositions
(c) Vocabulary:
(i) IN INTO INSIDE ON OUT OUTSIDE
(ii) FROM TO/UNTIL BELOW UNDER DOWN
(iii) UP ABOVE OVER BEYOND/AWAY-FROM
(iv) APART/SEPARATE AROUND (“Edge round”) ABOUT (“Spin round”)
(v) BETWEEN THROUGH ACROSS BEHIND FOREWARD
BACKWARD
(vi) BEFORE (“In front of”) NEAR/BESIDE (“Next to”) OPPOSITE (“On the other
side”)
(d) Write each of the following in KSL English and then sign it:
(i) Her sweetheart sits beside her
(ii) Give this to the girl sitting opposite Jane
(iii) She always comes late, walks across the class, and sits behind
(iv) Why do you run into the class like that?
(v) Wait outside until the other students arrive.
(vi) We shall walk around and across and see for ourselves
(vii) Remove it from there and put it behind the other
(viii) Bring it forwards and not backward
(ix) She stood beside me smiling.
(x) Look up further. I saw him put it there.
(xi) We saw him jump over.
(xii) Why are you standing staring up?
(xiii) Stand in front and show us.

2. Some More Common Adjectives

(a) Signs for the following:

(i) POOR RICH WEAK STRONG
(ii) HIGH LOW SMALL BIG FAT THIN

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(iii) TALL LONG SHORT (“Person”) SHORT (“Thing”)

(iv) LOOSE TIGHT HARD/STONE SOFT/POWDER
(v) HEAVY LIGHT (“Not heavy”) BEAUTIFUL UGLY
(vi) DRY WET EMPTY FULL (“Filled up to limit”)
(vii) HUNGRY FULL (“Satisfied with Food”) ENOUGH
(viii) COMMON RARE/SCARCE STRANGE CHEAP EXPENSIVE
(ix) LOUD/NOISY SILENT/QUIET HUMBLE PROUD
(x) OPEN CLOSE WIDE NARROW NEAR FAR
(xi) CLEAN DIRTY TIDY UNTIDY SMELL-NICE SMELL-NASTY
(xii) LAZY HARDWORKING BUSY IDLE THOROUGH CARELESS
(xiii) SHY CONFIDENT MOODY/GRUMPY CHEERFUL/RADIANT
FUNNY
(b) Signing some illustrative sentences:
(i) GIVE ME ONE/ MAYBE SMALL BIG OK//
(ii) STUDENT MANY START/ BUT FEW FINISH//
(iii) PEOPLE POOR LIKE THINGS CHEAP//
(iv) TODAY CLASS WET/ WALK GENTLY//
(v) MAN HIS NAME J-O-H-N PARENT HIS POOR POOR/ MAN LAZY/
BUT HE LIKE THINGS EXPENSIVE//
(vi) IF MAN WANT RICH/ HE MUST WORK HARD HARD//
(vii) TODAY ME SEE MAN AND WIFE/ MAN SHORT SHORT/ WIFE TALL BIG FAT//
(viii) PEOPLE SATISFIED ZERO/ HAVE MORE/ SAME WANT MORE//
(ix) PERSON HUMBLE SAY ZERO ABOUT SELF// MAN SAY LITTLE ABOUT
ACHIEVEMENT HIS//
(x) IF MIND OPEN/ YOU GET WISDOM//

(c) Write each of these in KSL sentence structure and then sign it:
(i) Love all, but trust only few.
(ii) Buy enough for five people.
(iii) The story is about two wives of a man, one beautiful and the other ugly.
(iv) This is soft. We need a hard one.
(v) We are closing. Come tomorrow.
3. Homework:
(a) Homework – Sign the following:
(i) TAKE OUT (THAT) BRING HERE//
(ii) HE SIT OUTSIDE LOOK UP//
(iii) ME FIND IT INSIDE THAT BOOK// ME PUT [IT] UP THERE//
(iv) SHE SIT ALONE IN CLASS.
(v) PUT [IT] BELOW OTHER.
(vi) GO STAND BEHIND GIRL THERE.
(vii) JANE AND JOHN DISTURB CLASS. GO SIT THERE BETWEEN BOTH.
(viii) ME SIT NEAR GIRL IN CLASS BUT NAME HERS ME KNOW ZERO.
(ix) PEOPLE WEAK AND PEOPLE STRONG/ ALL MUST WORK//
(x) BOOK THIS EXPENSIVE BECAUSE RARE//
(xi) SAY NOTHING FALSE ABOUT NEIGHBOUR YOURS//
(xii) PLEASE ADD ME LITTLE MORE/ ME SATISFIED NOT-YET//
(xiii) MAKE LOW FOR SHORT PEOPLE AND HIGH FOR TALL//
(xiv) WE HAVE DIFFERENT DIFFERENT/ WIDE FOR FAT PEOPLE AND NARROW FOR THIN//
(xv) BRING LIGHT TWO/ ME ASK BROTHER YOURS HELP BRING OTHER HEAVY LATER//
(xvi) WEDDING THAT/ PEOPLE COME FROM EVERYWHERE//
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(xvii) DRY AND EMPTY THERE// PEOPLE FEW THERE//

(xviii) STORY THIS COMMON/ WE MUST FIND OTHER STORY NEW//

(b) Homework – Change each of the following from Exact English into KSL English:
(i) If you practice very much, you will be good in KSL.
(ii) Why were you absent from the meeting?
(iii) We are being warned that El Nino is coming.
(iv) Pride goes before a fall.
(v) Hard work pays.

4. Homework – Get a SIGN NAME:

You have now known enough KSL to enable you begin conversing with a deaf. Get close
to a deaf in your church or neighbourhood. Go out to where the Deaf usually gather. Meet
one deaf for one-on-one conversation. S/he will ask for your sign-name. Reply that you
do not yet have a sign-name, and ask her/him to give you a sign-name.

______________________

LESSON 11: SELF INTRODUCTION (INDIVUDUAL PRESENTATIONS)

1. You were asked to prepare for your Self-Introduction Presentation

of not less than 4 minutes and not more than 5 minutes. The purpose is to get you into using
your vocabulary. And also, making you stand in front to present to the class helps in building
your self confidence in signing.

2. You will stand in front and make your presentation.

3. You may make prior arrangement for a classmate to video-record

it for you with phone.

4. Your presentation will be assessed by yourself, your classmates,

and the Teacher.
(i) You will say what you think you have done very well and also what did not go well.
(ii) Then your classmates will comment similarly.
(iii) Finally, the Teacher will give her/his comments. The Teacher may decide to keep
own comments till after everybody has presented.

5. Homework – Preparing your SELF-COMPOSED STORY:

(a) As indicated in the Course Timetable, your next presentation in class will be your
Self-Composed Story. It will be a signed presentation of not less than 4 minutes and not
more than 5 minutes. The objectives are to encourage you to start using your KSL
vocabulary and to build your self confidence in signing. Start preparing it.
(b) Compose a story of about one or one-and-a-half handwritten page. First write in Exact
English and then convert it to KSL English. You should aim to use much of what you have
learnt from the different topics covered so far.
(c) Practice signing the KSL form. Rehearse it very well. Time yourself – not less than 4
minutes and not more than 5 minutes. Ok?
---------------------------------

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LESSON 12: CHRISTIANITY VOCABULARY - I

1. VOCABULARY
(d) Common words on religion
(iv) RELIGION GOD JESUS CHRIST CHRISTIAN TRINITY
(v) LORD KING KINGDOM KING-OF-KINGS LORD-OF-LORDS
(vi) SAVED SAVIOUR SIN SINNER SATAN/DEVIL/EVIL ANGEL
(vii) SPIRIT SOUL HOLY-SPIRIT HOLY-PEOPLE (‘Saints’)
(viii) CHURCH TEMPLE MUSLIM MOSQUE TABERNACLE
(ix) EARTH HEAVEN HELL MIRACLE
(x) FOREVER/ETERNAL/EVERLASTING LIFE-ETERNAL
(xi) CROSS CRUCIFY CALVARY RESURRECT/ARISE ASCEND-TO-
HEAVEN
(xii) COMMANDMENT COVENANT TESTAMENT
(xiii) BIBLE BIBLE-CHAPTER BIBLE-VERSE MEMORY-VERSE
(e) Common religious activities and worship words
(i) PRAY FAST WORSHIP ADORE HONOUR/RESPECT
(ii) PRAISE GLORY HALLELUYAH HOSANNA
(iii) MIGHTY ALMIGHTY MAJESTY JEHOVAH
(iv) SERVE/SERVICE PREACH/SERMON EVANGELIZE WITNESS
(v) BELIEVE PROMISE DECIDE CONFESS REPENT FORGIVE
(vi) SONG/HYMN CHOIR MUSIC
(vii) OFFERING TITHE SACRIFICE ALTAR
(viii) MINISTRY MISSION/CRUSADE
(f) Prayer Words
o BLESS HELP KEEP SAVE PROTECT FORGIVE

(g) Religious Characters

(i) FOLLOW DISCIPLE APOSTLE PASTOR BISHOP PRIEST (‘Catholic’)
(ii) BIBLE-PRIEST PROPHET JUDGES JEWS PHARISEES

(h) Religious Behavior Attributes

(i) FAITH HOPE TRUST GRACE TRUE/TRUTH PEACE
(ii) MERCY PATIENT HUMBLE KIND HONEST GENEROUS
(iii) IDOL/IDOLATORY TEST/TRIALS TEMPTATION

(i) Religious Events/Ceremonies

(i) EASTER CHRISTMAS NEW-YEAR PENTECOST
(ii) BAPTIZE/BAPTISM HOLY-COMMUNION CONFIRMATION
(iii) DEDICATION ORDINATION
(iv) WEDDING FUNERAL BURIAL
2. Signing illustrative sentences

(a) A common chorus

YES JESUS LOVE ME//
YES JESUS LOVE ME//
YES JESUS LOVE ME//
BIBLE TELL ME SAME SAME//

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(b) Two prayer rhymes

I SPEAK// JESUS/ THANK-YOU//
I HEAR// JESUS/ THANK-YOU//
I SMILE// JESUS/ THANK-YOU//
I LAUGH// JESUS/ THANK-YOU//
JESUS IN HEAVEN/ JESUS IN HEAVEN/ I LOVE YOU//
JESUS/ KING-OF-KINGS//
JESUS/ LORD-OF-LORDS//
JESUS IN HEAVEN/ JESUS IN HEAVEN/ I LOVE YOU//
3. Homework – Write each of the following sentences in KSL English and then sign it:
(i) We go to church every Sunday.
(ii) God created the world in 7 days.
(iii) Jesus had 12 apostles and more than 500 disciples.
(iv) Psalms 117: Praise the Lord, all you nations. Praise Him very much, all you peoples.
Because He loves us greatly, and the faithfulness of the Lord continues forever.
Halleluyah.
(v) This God is our God forever and ever. He will be our guide even to the end.
(vi) If we confess our sin, God will forgive us, because He is faithful.
(vii) You must not worship any idol.
(viii) Jesus was crucified. He died and was buried. He rose up on the third day.
After 40 days, He ascended into heaven.
-----------------------
LESSON 13: SELF-COMPOSED STORY (INDIVUDUAL PRESENTATIONS)

1. You were asked to prepare for your Self-composed Story of not

less than 4 minutes and not more than 5 minutes. The purpose is to get you into using your
vocabulary. And also, making you stand in front to present to the class helps in building your
self confidence in signing.

2. You will stand in front and make your presentation.

3. You may make prior arrangement for a classmate to video-record

it for you with phone.

4. Your presentation will be assessed by yourself, your classmates,

and the Teacher.
(i) You will say what you think you have done very well and also what did not go well.
(ii) Then your classmates will comment similarly.
(iii) Finally, the Teacher will give her/his comments. The Teacher may decide to keep own
comments till after everybody has presented.

------------------------------------

LESSON 14: DEAF CULTURE

The objectives of this Lesson are to:
(i) Explain the term ‘Deafness’;
(ii) Explain what is meant by ‘Culture’ and ‘Deaf Culture’;
(iii) List the different aspects of Deaf Culture and explain each of them;
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(iv) Discuss the different stereotypes and negative attitudes towards the deaf in Kenya and how
we can address each of them;
(v) Explain the specific different ways in which your learning KSL can help the Deaf Community;
(vi) Indicate the specific different places in this town where the Deaf can be found often, so that
you can visit there to interact with them;
(vii) Point out what the Kenya Constitution 2010 say about KSL; and
(viii) Discuss ways in which awareness on issues of the Deaf is being carried out in Kenya and
how effective each of these has been, as well as what more can be done.

----------------------------

LESSON 15: HOME SIGNS

1. Vocabulary
(a) The Building
(i) BUILD HOUSE HOME HUT/VILLAGE ROOM
DORMITORY
(ii) WALL ROOF CEILING FLOOR DOOR
WINDOW
(iii) FENCE GATE BACKYARD GARDEN
(iv) SITTING-ROOM BEDROOM KITCHEN
BATHROOM TOILET
(v) OPEN CLOSE LOCK KEY SAFE/SECURE
DANGER/DANGEROUS
(vi) LANDLORD TENANT RENT WATCHMAN
HOUSEHELP VISITOR

(b) Living Room and Bedroom Items

(i) SOFA-SET STOOL CUSSION CHAIR TABLE
CUPBOARD DRAWER BOOKSHELF
(ii) CURTAIN CARPET FLOOR-MAT DOOR-MAT
(iii) SLEEP BED MATTRESS PILLOW
BLANKET BED-COVER
(iv) WARDROBE SUITCASE CLOTHE-HANGERS
DRESSING-TABLE MIRROR
(v) TV RADIO CLOCK PHONE COMPUTER
PICTURE
(vi) ELECTRICITY BULB SWITCH-ON SWITCH-OFF
LAMP CANDLE

(c) Kitchen Items

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(i) COOK STOVE GAS-COOKER ELECTRIC-

COOKER CHARCOAL KEROSINE
(ii) POT SUFURIA BOWL PLATE CUP
SPOON FORK HOTEL KNIFE
(iii) FRIDGE BOTTLE BUCKET JERRY-CAN
PLASTIC-BAG SACK BASKET

(d) Sanitary and Cosmetic Items

(i) SWEEP MOP (“Mop floor”) DUST (“Dust table”) BRUSH (“Brush shoe”) RUBBISH-BIN
(ii) WASH BATHE SOAP-TABLET DETERGENT/POWDER/FLOUR/SOIL TISSUE-PAPER
(iii) TOOTH TOOTH-BRUSH TOOTH-PASTE
(iv) COSMETICS

2. Signing illustrative sentences

(i) HOUSE THIS/ MIRROR EACH ROOM/ SAME IN KITCHEN//
(ii) TV OURS (IS) ON TOP BOOKSHELF IN OUR SMALL SITTING-ROOM//
(iii) GO BACKYARD AND ENTER THROUGH KITCHEN//
(iv) NEIGHBOUR SEE HOUSEHELP HIDE BEDCOVER IN FENCE/
NEIGHBOUR SHOUT//
(v) TIME STUDENT SLEEP/ TEACHER LOCK DOMITORY AND KEEP KEY//
DANGER//
(vi) WEEK NEXT WE GO VILLAGE/ WHY?/ FAMILY PREPARE BUILD NEW
HOUSE//
(vii) OUR NEIGHBOUR HAVE CHILDREN MANY// THEY NEED HOUSE LARGE AND
ROOM MANY//
(viii) OPEN DOOR GENTLY/ BECAUSE MOTHER SLEEP SICK IN BEDROOM//
(ix) HOUSEHELP SWEEP FLOOR/ CLEAN CARPET/ WASH CURTAIN AND
TABLE-CLOTH//
(x) LOCK BOX AND PUT KEY ON BOOKSHELF//
3. Homework
(a) Homework: Change the following sentences into KSL Sentence Structure and the sign it:
(i) Jesus said, “In my father’s house are many rooms. If it were not so, I would have told
you. I am going there to prepare a place for you”.
(ii) The rooms are good but the kitchen and store are very small
(iii) Our landlord does not take tenants who have large families.
(iv) The house is safe because it has strong gate, high wall, and good watchmen
(v) The thief entered through the window and carried away TV and computer
(b) Homework: Sign the following sentences.
(i) MOVE LAMP AWAY-FROM CHILD//
(ii) ELECTRIC-COOKER FAST/ BUT KEROSINE-COOKER CHEAP MORE//
(iii) NIECE MINE WANT START LIVE ALONE// ME GIVE HER POT SUFFURIA BOWL//
(iv) THAT HOUSEHELP SHE STEAL THINGS// SHE HIDE THEM IN PLASTIC-BAG/
KEEP IN RUBBISH-BIN// TIME SHE OUTSIDE WITH RUBBISH-BIN/ SHE HIDE
PLASTIC-BAG BEHIND WALL// LATER SHE TAKE THEM HOME//
(v) HOUSE HIS DIRTY/ SITTING-ROOM UNTIDY/ TOILET SMELL-NASTY//
(vi) MOTHER TEACH NOT SON DO HOUSE WORK WHY?// GOOD IF SON LEARN WASH
DRESS/ MOP FLOOR/ CLEAN TOILET//
(vii) MOTHER HAVE PLATE CUP SPOON SPECIAL DIFFERENT// SHE KEEP FOR
IMPORTANT VISITOR//
(viii) GOOD IF HUSBAND HELP WIFE IN KITCHEN//

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HELP? WOMAN COOK FOOD FOR MAN// WIFE CARRY BABY/ WASH CLOTHES
FOR MAN/ BRING WATER BATH FOR MAN/ CLEAN HOUSE FOR MAN//
MAN WORK WHAT? MAN READ NEWSPAPER//
(ix) MAN CARRY FAMILY PROBLEM ALL IN HEART// THAT RESPONSIBILITY HEAVY DIFFICULT//
(x) ME TEACH SON MINE COOK/ WASH CLOTHES/ CLEAN HOUSE//
ME TELL HIM/ TIME FUTURE YOU HAVE WIFE/ YOU MUST DO HOUSE WORK
TOGETHER WITH WIFE//
(c) Homework: Change each of these sentences into KSL Sentence Structure and sign it.
(i) What is the difference between “house” and “home”?
(ii) Please, open the window and draw the curtain.
(iii) Daddy is in the backyard relaxing.
(iv) One wife caught his husband cheating. She found the woman hiding in the wardrobe.
(v) Lock the door and give the key to our neighbour.
(vi) We need carpet for the new house in the village.
(vii) The landlord is angry because the tenant frequently damages the toilet.
(viii) We keep candle and lamp for the time that electricity is off.
(ix) We always take soap-tablet and detergent to our son each time we visit him at school.
(x) It is iron-sheet you bought. Why don’t you buy roof tile?
--------------------------------

LESSON 16: FOODS AND DRINKS, FRUITS AND FOOD PLANTS

1. Foods and Drinks Vocabulary

(i) EAT FOOD HUNGRY FULL (kushiba) FAMINE
(ii) BREAKFAST LUNCH SUPPER FAST (‘no eating’) SERVE-FOOD
(iii) TASTE/SALT SWEET-TASTE SWEET-SMELL (‘Aroma’)
(iv) SUGAR BITTER SOUR
(v) FIRE COOK BOIL FRY ROAST BAKE
(vi) DRINK WATER TEA COFFEE COCOA PORRIDGE
(vii) MILK EGG FISH MEAT CHILKEN-MEAT
(viii) UGAL RICE BEANS GITHERI CHIPS SPAGETTI
(ix) WHEAT BREAD CAKE SANDWICH BISCUIT SWEETS
(x) MANDAZI CHAPATI SOUP STEW JUICE YOGHURT
(xi) SODA COKE FANTA SPRITE STONY BLACK-CURRANT
(xii) WINE DRUNK MIRAA MARIJUANA/DRUG-ABUSE

2. Fruits and Food Plants Vocabulary

(i) PLANT FRUIT VEGETABLE SUKUMA-WIKI
(ii) ORANGE LEMON LIME TANGERINE
(iii) APPLE MANGO GUAVA AVODADO PAPAYA COCONUT
(iv) BANANA PINEAPPLE GRAPES PLUMS
(v) CARROT CABBAGE LOQUATS PUMPKIN WATER-MELON
(vi) TOMATO ONION GINGER PEPPER
(vii) GREEN-MAIZE DRY-MAIZE MILLET/SORGHUM
(viii) IRISH-POTATO SWEET-POTATO ARROW-ROOT PEANUTS
(ix) GREEN-GRAM SOYA-BEANS
3. Exercise: Form sentences on Foods, Drinks and Fruits and sign them

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---------------------------

LESSON 17: CHRISTIANITY VOCABULARY - II

1. Bible Characters with specific signs
(i) ADAM EVE ABEL CAIN NOAH
(ii) ABRAHAM ISAAC JACOB ESAU
JOSEPH
(iii) MOSES AARON MIRIAM JOSHUA
(iv) SAMUEL SAUL (King) DAVID
SOLOMON ESTHER
(v) ELIJAH ELISHA DANIEL ISAIAH
JEREMIAH
(vi) JOHN-the-Baptist MARY (Mother-of-Jesus)
(vii) PETER JUDAS PILATE
ZACCHAEUS
(viii) PAUL JOHN BARNABAS TIMOTHY

2. Bible Places
GARDEN-OF-EDEN JORDAN RED-SEA
JERUSALEM BETHLEHEM GALILEE SAMARIA
3. The Lord’s Prayer
Our Father who is in Heaven,
Hallowed be Your Name.
Your Kingdom come.
Your will be done on earth
As it is in Heaven.
Give us this day our bread daily
Forgive us our trespasses,
As we forgive those who trespass against us.
Lead us not into temptation,
But deliver us from evil.

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For Yours is the Kingdom,

the Power and the Glory
forever and ever. AMEN.
4. The Ten Commandments
1. You must not have any other gods besides Me.
2. You must not make for yourself any idol.
3. You must not take the name of the Lord your God in vain.
4. Remember to keep holy the Sabbath Day.
5. Honour your father and your mother,
so that you may have a long life in the land
which the Lord your God has given you.
6. You must not kill.
7. You must not commit adultery.
8. You must not steal.
9. You must not bear false witness against your neighbour.
10. You must not covet anything that belongs to your neighbour.
5. The Greatest Commandments
You must love the Lord, your God, with all your heart,
with all your soul, with all your mind, and with all your strength.
And you must love your neighbour as yourself.

6. Homework: Compose your ‘Story of my Christian Life’. Put it into KSL English, and then sign it.
----------------------------

LESSON 18A: KENYA TOWNS AND COUNTIES

1. Kenya Towns and Counties

(i) TOWN VILLAGE COUNTY DISTRICT

(ii) AHERO ALUPE ATHI-RIVER
(iii) BONDO BUSIA BUTERE ELDORET EMBU
(iv) GARISSA HOMA-BAY ISABENIA ISIOLO
(v) KAJIADO KAKAMEGA KAPSABET KARATINA KERICHO
(vi) KERUGOYA KIAMBU KILIFI KISII KISUMU
(vii) KITALE KITUI KWALE LAMU LIMURU
(viii) MACHAKOS MALINDI MALINDI MADERA MARSABIT
(ix) MASENO MERU MIGORI MOLO MOMBASA
(x) MOYALE MURANGA MUMIAS NAIROBI NANYUKI/NYAHURURU
(xi) NAROK NGONG NYANDARUA NYERI RONGO
(xii) SIAYA TAITA THIKA VOI WAJIR WEBUYE

2. Kenya Tribes

(i) DIGO DURUMA GIRIMA

KELENJIN KAMBA
(ii) KIKUYU KISII LUHYA LUO
MAASAI
(iii) MERU POKOT SWAHILI
TURKANA

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LESSON 18B: NAIROBI SECTIONS, ESTATES & LANDMARKS

1. Nairobi Estates – Vocabulary

(i) ADAMS BURUBURU DAGORET DANDORA DONHOLM
(ii) EASTLEIGH EMBAKASI GITHURAI HURUMA KAHAWA
(iii) KANGEMI KARIOKOR KAWANGWARI KIBERA KIKUYU
(iv) LANGATA MADARAKA MAKADARA MAKONGENI MATHARE
(v) NAIROBI-WEST NGARA NGONG-ROAD
(vi) PACKLANDS PANGANI POSTA RIRUTA/SATELLITE RUARAKA/UTALII
(vii) SHAURIMOYO/NYAYO-STADIUM SOUTH-B SOUTH-C
(viii) TIMES-TOWER UHURU-PARK UMOJA WESTLANDS
2. Nairobi Landmarks – Vocabulary
(i) AMBASSADOR ASK/TRADE-FAIR CENTRAL-BUS-STATION COMMUNITY
(ii) FIRE-STATION GOLF-CLUB HURUMA-CENTRE KASARANI-STADIUM
(iii) KENYATTA-HOSPITAL KENTATTA-MARKET KICC NYAYO-HOUSE
(iv) PARLIAMENT-BUILDING UHURU-PARK

3. Revise the several signs in this Lesson.

4. Homework: Form sentences on the Vocabulary of this Lesson and then sign the sentences.

------------------------

LESSON 19A: COLOURS

1. Colours Vocabulary
(i) COLOUR WHITE RED YELLOW GREEN BLUE BLACK
(ii) BROWN ORANGE PINK PURPLE
(iii) BEIGE (light yellowish-brown) MAROON (dark brownish-red)

2. Signing some illustrative sentences

(i) JESUS LOVE ALL THE SMALL SMALL CHILDREN
ALL THE CHILDREN OF THE WORLD
RED YELLOW BLACK AND WHITE
VERY IMPORTANT FOR HIM
JESUS LOVE ALL THE CHILDREN OF THE WORLD
(ii) COLOUR A-M-B-E-R SAME YELLOW MUCH MUCH WITH BROWN LITTLE

LESSON 19B: EMOTIONS AND RELATED SIGNS

1. Emotions Vocabulary
(i) EMOTION FEELING HEART BEHAVIOUR ATTITUDE EXPERIENCE
(ii) LOVE WANT LIKE DESIRE/WISH PREFER FAVORITE
(iii) LUST/COVET JEALOUS ENVY/HATE
(iv) HUG KISS WOO/COURTING IN-LOVE/HOOKED VALENTINE SEX ADULTERY

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(v) TIRED ALERT RELIEVED RELAX/COMFORTABLE REST

(vi) AFRAID/FEAR WORRIED/ANXIOUS CONCERNED CONFUSED HOPEFUL
(vii) SURPRISED SHOCKED NERVOUS CALM/COOL
(viii) DISAPPOINTED DISCOURAGED/FRUSTRATED DISSATISFIED UPSET QUIT
(ix) SHY/TIMID ASHAMED/EMBARRASSED (Self disturbed for doing bad thing)
SHAMED/DISGRACED (Person exposed to public for doing bad thing)
(x) PROUD BOAST/SHOW-OFF VAIN/VANITY MODEST
(xi) SUSPICIOUS CURIOUS/NOSY/INQUISITIVE

2. For each of the following English Sentences, quickly change the sentence into KSL English in
your mind, and then sign it:
(i) Control your emotion.
(ii) On Valentine Day couples celebrate together.
(iii) I was shocked to see you behave like that yesterday.
(iv) I hate that type of attitude.
(v) Don’t feel discouraged. Don’t quit.
(vi) Her boss frustrated her. She is sad and confused.
(vii) He is always moody and nervous.
(viii) Tom is very funny. He can make you laugh your head off.
(ix) Many poor people are kind and generous. Many rich people are selfish.
(x) Men don’t like to say ‘Sorry’. They are too proud.
(xi) That is my favorite book. I am always excited when I read it.
(xii) The man appeared strange and suspicious.
(xiii) She is looks smart and confident.
(xiv) The rich also cry. Pain is a universal experience.
(xv) Their team won. They are joyful and radiant.
--------------------------------------
LESSON 20A: ANIMALS AND OTHER COMMON CREATURES
1. Domestic Animals
(i) DOG CAT GOAT SHEEP COW
(ii) PIG HORSE DONKEY MULE CARMEL
(iii) RABBIT GUINEA-PIG MOUSE GECKO
2. Wild Animals
(i) LION TIGER ELEPHANT GIRAFFE HIPPO
(ii) LEOPARD/CHEETAH FOX WOLF HYENA JACKAL
(iii) ZEBRA BUFFALO DEER ANTELOPE WILDEBEEST
(iv) HEDGEHOG MONKEY GORILLA/CHIMPANZEE BABOON
(v) HARE RAT SQUIRREL PORCUPINE
(vi) KANGAROO REINDEER
(vii) SNAKE FROG/TOAD CROCODILE TORTOISE
(viii) LIZARD CHAMELEON SNAIL BAT

3. Birds (Domestic and Wild)

(i) CHICKEN DUCK PIGEON TURKEY PEACOCK
(ii) SPARROW PARROT KITE/EAGLE VULTURE OWL

4. Insects
(i) WORM/CATERPILLAR MILLIPEDE ANT SPIDER

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(ii) FLY BUTTERFLY MOSQUITO BEE BEETLE

(iii) GRASSHOPPER COCKROACH LICE SCORPION

5. Form sentences with the words in this Lesson. Write each of them in KSL English and sign it.

LESSON 20B: DIRECTIONS, NATURE AND WEATHER

1. Direction Vocabulary
(i) DIRECTION MEASURE DISTANCE/LENGTH PLACE ROAD ROAD-SIGN
(ii) EAST WEST NORTH SOUTH CENTRAL BORDER/EDGE
(iii) HERE THERE LEFT RIGHT
(iv) FORWARD BACKWARD STRAIGHT-ON PASS (‘Move on’)
(v) BEND CORNER TURN AROUND/ROUNDABOUT
2. Nature Vocabulary
(i) NATURE PLANTS TREE TREES/FOREST WOOD/LOG GRASS
(ii) ROOT TREE-BRANCH LEAF FLOWER
(iii) WORLD EARTH LAND SKY/SPACE
(iv) SUN MOON STAR PLANET SATELITE ASTRANAUT
(v) RIVER BRIDGE SEA/OCEAN COAST LAKE ISLAND
(vi) STONE/ROCK SAND DESERT
(vii) HILL MOUNTAIN VALLEY
(viii) AIR FIRE GAS POLLUTION MINERALS EARTHQUAKE
3. Weather Vocabulary
(i) WEATHER/CLIMATE HOT DRY COLD WET DROUGHT FAMINE
(ii) RAIN RAINBOW FLOOD MUD GUTTER MUDSLIDE
(iii) CLOUD THUNDER LIGHTENING
(iv) STORM/HURRICANE WHIRLWIND HAILSTONE SNOW
4. Form sentences with the words in this Lesson. Write each of them in KSL English and sign it.
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LESSON 21A: CLOTHES

1. Clothes Vocabulary
(i) CLOTHE/DRESS WEAR-CLOTHES TAKE-OFF-CLOTHE NAKED
(ii) TORN/TEAR SEW TAILOR KNIT IRON-CLOTHE
(iii) SHIRT T-SHIRT BLOUSE SKIRT LESO VEST/SINGLET /UNDERWEAR
(iv) TROUSERS JEANS SHORTS UNDERPANTS
(v) JACKET COAT SUIT SWEATER/PULLOVER OVERALL
(vi) APRON RAINCOAT UMBRELLA
(vii) SCARF/SHAWL HANDERCHIEF NECK-TIE
(viii) CAP HAT KOFIA WIG HEADGEAR
(ix) BELT SOCKS SHOES SLIPPERS HAND-BAG PURSE

2. Illustrative Sentences: Write each of the following sentences in KSL English and then sign it.
(i) At road junction, red light means ‘Stop!’ and green means ‘Go!’.
(ii) Does the colour of these shoes fit my dress?
(iii) My brother likes red shirts and brown trousers with yellow neck-ties.
(iv) Are these people comfortable in their tight dresses?
(v) Bring my umbrella and raincoat.
(vi) I lost my purse, but my neighbour found it. My ID-Card was in it.
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LESSON 21B: OCCUPATIONS AND WORKPLACE

1. Work-related Vocabulary
(i) DO WORK (verb) WORK/JOB WORKER INTERNSHIP
(ii) TRAIN SKILL EXPERIENCE
(iii) APPLY FORM FILL-FORM SIGN/SIGNATURE INTERVIEW
(iv) OFFICE BOSS MANAGE/ADMINISTER PLAN/SCHEDULE APPROVE
(v) APPOINT/RECRUIT SACK (lay off) PROMOTE DEMOTE RETIRE
(vi) OPEN (office) CLOSE (office) LEAVE/VACATION HOLIDAY
(vii) MESSAGE REPLY ASSIGNMENT REPORT (verb) RESULT
(viii) PAPER LETTER CERTIFICATE TYPE (letter) POST (letter)
(ix) PHONE EMAIL SMS COMPUTER PHOTOCOPY FACEBOOK WHATSAPP
(x) MEETING WORKSHOP/SEMINAR ATTEND ABSENT POSTPONE
(xi) BLAME/REBUKE PUNISH TRANFER RESIGN COMMITTEE/BOARD
2. Occupations Vocabulary
(i) PROFESSIONAL CIVIL SERVICE (Government Work) COMPANY FACTORY
(ii) SHOP SELF-EMPLOYED TRADER FARMER PASTORALIST (shepherd)
(iii) ACCOUNTANT NURSE LAWYER ENGINEER HOTELIER
(iv) TAILOR/FASHION-DESIGNER BARBER/HAIRDRESSER HOUSEHELP
(v) WATCHMAN HAWKER
(vi) PLANT/SOW WEED HARVEST LABOURER REPAIR

3. Homework: Form sentences from the Occupations and Workplace Vocabulary, and then sign
the sentences.
----------------------------

LESSON 22A: COMMERCE, MONEY AND BANKING

1. Vocabulary
(i) MONEY CASH BUY SELL PAY PRICE/COST
(ii) BUSINESS ECONOMY FINANCE FUND RESOURCE
(iii) CHANGE (Balance) RETURN (Bought item) EXCHANGE (Item)
(iv) SHOP MARKETPLACE SUPERMARKET
(v) WEIGH MEASURE BARGAIN CHEAT
(vi) GAIN PROFIT LOSE (Lose in trading) COMMISSION BRIBE
(vii) BORROW LEND DEBT LOAN (Something borrowed) BUDGET
(viii) KEEP SAVE (Money) SAFE (Secure) MPESA BANK
(ix) ACCOUNT CHEQUE PASSBOOK BANK STATEMENT ACCOUNT-BALANCE
(x) DEPOSIT WITHDRAW OVERDRAW CREDIT CARD ATM
(xi) SAVINGS-ACCOUNT CURRENT-ACCOUNT FIXED DEPOSIT
(xii) PERSONAL-ACCOUNT COMPANY ACCOUNT
(xiii) COIN SHILLING DOLLAR CURRENCY CURRENCY EXCHANGE
(xiv) CENTRAL BANK BARCLAYS NATIONAL BANK EQUITY BANK
(xv) COOPERATIVE BANK STANDARD CHARTERED POSTBANK
(xvi) CONSOLIDATED BANK DIAMOND BANK FAMILY BANK KCB
2. Form sentences with the words in this Lesson. Write each of them in KSL English and sign it.
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LESSON 22B: COUNTRIES

Note: The Deaf are very much interested in Sports and are therefore quite familiar with the names
of countries that are popular in the various sports. These countries have sign names. The
names of the others are simply finger-spelled.

AFRICAN COUNTRIES
(i) COUNTRY/NATION AFRICA EAST-AFRICA KENYA UGANDA TANZANIA
(ii) WEST-AFRICA BENIN BURKINA-FASO CAMEROUN CAPE-VERDE CHAD
(iii) GAMBIA GHANA GUINEA IVORY-COAST LIBERIA MALI NIGER
(iv) NIGERIA SENEGAL SIERRA-LEONE TOGO
(v) NORTH-AFRICA ALGERIA DJIBOUTI EGYPT ERITREA ETHIOPIA LIBYA
(vi) MAURITANIA MOROCCO SOMALIA SOUTH-SUDAN SUDAN TUNISIA
(vii) CENTRAL-AFRICA BURUNDI C.A.R. CONGO-BRAZZA D.R.C. GABON RWANDA
(viii) SOUTHERN-AFRICA ANGOLA BOTSWANA LESOTHO MADAGASCAR
(ix) MALAWI MAURITIUS MOZAMBIQUE NAMIBIA SOUTH-AFRICA
(x) SYECHELLE SWAZILAND ZAMBIA ZIMBABWE
OTHER COUNTRIES

(i) WORLD EUROPE ASIA MSUNGU

(ii) ARGENTINA AUSTRIA AUSTRALIA BELGIUM BRAZIL BRITAIN
(iii) CANADA CHILE CHINA DENMARK FINLAND FRANCE GERMANY GREECE
(iv) HONGKONG HUNGARY INDIA IRELAND ISRAEL ITALY IRAN LEBANON
(v) JAPAN KOREA KUWAIT MEXICO NETHERLAND NORWAY PAKISTAN
(vi) POLAND PORTUGAL ROME RUSSIA SAUDI-ARABIA
(vii) SPAIN SWEDEN SYRIA TURKEY USA
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LESSON 23: GOVERNMENT, POLITICS AND SOCIAL LIFE

1. Government and Politics
(i) NATION COUNTRY GOVERNMENT POLITICS COUNTY DISTRICT
(ii) PRESIDENT DEPUTY-PRESIDENT MINISTER (Cabinet Secretary) PS
(iii) SENATE SENATOR PALIAMENT SPEAKER MP
(iv) GOVERNOR MCA COUNTY-ASSEMBLY CHIEF
(v) MINISTRY COMMISSION PARTY (Political) JUBILEE-PARTY ODM

2. Law and Justice

(i) CONSTITUTION LAW LAWYER RULES COURT JUDGE/MAGISTRATE
(ii) HUMAN-RIGHTS CENSUS ELECTION VOTE INDEPENDENCE DEVELOPMENT
(iii) CORRUPTION PROBE ARREST PRISON FINE RELEASE
(iv) POLICEMAN ARMY SOLDIER

3. Social Life
(i) NEWS NEWSPAPER RADIO TV NEWS
(ii) DANCE DRAMA SONG MUSIC CEREMONY/CELEBRATION
(iii) GAMES ATHLETICS FOOTBALL VOLLEYBALL COMPETITION GOR-MAHIA
(iv) PASSPORT ID-CARD VOTER-CARD LICENSE TAX
(v) WIDE-LIFE TOURISM FOREIGNER IMMIGRANT
(vi) TRAVEL DRIVE CAR BUS MATATU TRAIN AEROPLANE BOAT SHIP
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(vii) SAFARICOM AIRTEL ORANGE TELECOM

4. Problems
(i) QUARREL STRIKE FIGHT RIOT TEAR-GAS CATTLE-RAID
(ii) WAR BOMB TERRORIST AL-SHABAB AL-QAEDA BOKO-HARAM ISIS

5. Sign names of popular persons in Kenya

(i) UHURU RUTO RAILA KILONZO MUTUNGA DUALE JELIMO (Athlete)
(ii) Some other VIPs at national level ……………………
(iii) Some VIPs at county-level ………………..

6. Homework: Get a newspaper. On the page for politics, choose two paragraphs. Re-write the
sentences in KSL and then since them.

7. About ENGAGING WITH THE DEAF: You have almost completed this Course. By now you
ought to have got close to at least one or two deaf with whom you converse well. Have you? If
you have had over 5 months learning KSL and you have not been close to the deaf, what do
you say about the use of this training? It is late but not too late to get committed.

8. Your preparation for COURSE EXAM: You should now be preparing for the Course Exam. If
you have been revising the Illustrative Sentences and doing the Homework Exercises and if
you have been conversing with the deaf, you are already in good form for the Exam. However,
take time to revise by concentrating on signing sentences – that is how to discover which
word-signs you know and which you don’t. Any sign you have used in signing will not disappear
from memory easily.

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LESSON 24: PARTS OF THE BODY, HEALTH AND DISEASES

1. Parts of the Body

(i) BODY HEAD FACE EYE EAR NOSE MOUTH TOOTH TONGUE
(ii) THROAT CHIN BEARD NECK ADAM’S APPLE SHOULDER ARM
(iii) ELBOW HAND PALM FINGER BACK CHEST STOMACH HEART
(iv) SKIN HIP BOTTOM THIGH KNEE LEG FOOT
(v) BREAST VAGINA PENIS SPERM SEX PREGNANT BORN/BIRTH

2. Health and Sicknesses

(i) HEALTH WELL SANITATION SICK/DISEASE INFECTION TREAT HEAL/CURE
(ii) PAIN/ACHE WEAK FAINT DIE CORPSE BURY MOURN CONSOLE
(iii) BLOOD URINE STOOL (Excreta) VOMIT TEMPERATURE
(iv) INJURE BURNS WOUND SORE
(v) MALNUTRITION OVERWEIGHT HIGH-BLOOD-PRESSURE DIABETES
(vi) COUGH SNEEZE COLDS MUCOUS FARTING/FATULENCE
(vii) HEADACHE STOMACH-ACHE FEVER MALARIA TYPHOID DYSENTERY DIARRHEA
(viii) RASHES PIMPLES MEASLES HIV/AIDS CANCER DRUG-ABUSE POISON

3. Hospital Service
(i) HOSPITAL DOCTOR NURSE AMBULANCE EMERGENCY
(ii) MEDICAL-TEST LABORATORY WARD ADMITTED REFERRAL
(iii) PHARMACY PILL/TABLET SYRUP INJECTION/VACCINATION
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4. Revise the several signs in this Lesson.

5. Change each of the following sentences into KSL English and then sign it.

(i) A person who is well doesn’t need a doctor.

(ii) I slept with pain and woke up with rashes.
(iii) Our main rural problems are debt, dirt, and diseases.
(iv) What is the difference between Fever and Malaria and also Dysentery and Diarrhea?
(v) Malnutrition is common in village and overweight in city.
(vi) How does a nurse serve a deaf admitted in hospital ward?
(vii) Do adults get measles?
(viii) For the test, we shall take your blood and we need your urine and stool.
(ix) The child was coughing, sneezing and shaking badly.
(x) Some beauty lotions can cause skin disease.

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