Tir Ratta.pk :where students come first 252 IT Series = Computer Studies Short Questior Qui. What is Internet? . Internet is a collection of millions of computers around the world that are all connected, to one another. It isa global network of computers, These computers are connected through different telecommunications links. Q2. Discuss the main functions of the Internet. There are three main functions of the Internet: Communication: “You can contact and’ exchange information with friends and organizations anywhere in the world Retrieve: You can access a broad range of data and information irom websites. Shop, Buy and Sell: You can buy and sell goods and services on the Internet 3, What do you know about ARPANET? During Cold War America developed @ network named ARPANET. It was developed for Advance Research Project Agency (ARPA). It was used to send information to armed forces at long distances. Qa. What is DARPA? DARPA stands for Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. DARPA worked to share data not only on single network but also among different networks. Q5. Explain TCP/IP. ‘TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. This protocol is ‘used to share and transfer data among different networks, This is the most commonly used protocol over the Internet. Q6. How many addressing schemes are used on the Internet. ‘Two types of addressing schemes on Internet are IP addressing and DNS Addressing. Q7.Whatis IP addressing?” IP address is a unique number that refers to a computer connected to the Internet. IP stands for Intemet Protocol. This address is a 32-bit number. It consists of four numbers separated by period. Each number is between 0 and 255, These numbers are known as octets. ‘An example of IP address is 127.80.144.30 Q.8. What is DNS addressing? IP address is difficult to remember for the users. An alternative to WP address is known as domain name. A domain name consists of text instead of number. It is easier to remember a domain name than {P address. A domain name is associated with one or more IP addresses, 29. What are included in an Internet addrese? An Internet address has four parts: 1. The name of the host computer 2. The name of the institution or organazation 3. The domain name.[ai Ratta.pk :where students come first Chapter 10 => Fundamentals of the Internet : 253 0.10. How can we connect to Internet? The required things to establisti connection ‘to Internet are Computer, Modem, Dialup Software, ISP Connection and Web Browser QA1L, Write some facilities provided by Internet. Some important facilities provided by Internet are World. Wide Web, Email, File ‘Transfer (FTP) and Remote Terminal (Telnet). Q.12. What is WWW? WWW stands for World Wide Web. It is also called Web. It provides the facility to publish information on Internet. [t is a collection of documents: stored on computers permanently connected with Internet around the world Q.13. What is uploading and downloading. ‘The processing of copying data from, your computer to Internet is known as uploading. ‘The process of copying data from Internet to your computer is known as downloading. Q.14, What is web publishing? ‘The process of developing and maintaining web pages is known as web publishing. Web development does not require programming skills. Many tools are available to develop professional web pages. Q.15. How web pages are created? Web pages are created in hypertext using speciat languages. The’ most popular hypertext language.is called HTML It stands for Hyper'Text Markup Language. 16, When is HTML needed for the WWW? Who uses HTML? HTML is used to make Web Pages-{t is a small set of commands to tell a browser how to display the text and pictures in a Web Page. It specifies the position, size and color of text, graphics, sound and video. It also identifies what pages to display when links are clicked. Q.17, What is Email? E Email stands for Electronic Mail, Email is the exchange of messages and files through Internet. Message can be in the form of graphics, sounds, video clips or simple text. It is a fast way of sending messages anywhere in the world in a very short time, Q.18. Define email address. Every email account has unique address. An email address usually has two parts ie. User ID and Identity of email service (Q.19, What do you know about News Groups? A newsgroup is a global electronic bulletin board system. People exchange information ‘ona vast range of topics suchas news, recreation, business, science, and compuler. Q.20. What is Web Site? A collection of related web pages is called website. Each website has a unique address. It contains text, graphics, sound, and video Q.21. Write a short note on ISP. ISP stands for Internet Service Provider. It is a company that provides Intemet connections. ISP also provides the fecilities of Email. A connection from ISP 1s necessary to connect to Internet,Ti Ratta.pk :where students come first 234 IT Series > Computer Studies (222. Write the names of some popular ISPs. Different ISPs in Pakistan are Comsats, BrainNet, WOL and DANCOM. Q.28. What is web browsing or web surfing? List two names of Web Browser. Web browsing or web surfing isa process of searching, information on the World Wide Web. A software used to search and view web pages is known as web browser. The two names of browsers are Internet Explorer and.Netscape, Q.24. What is the use of Web Browsei? A browser is a software that is used to view web pages. It acts as an interface between the user and the Internet. It can display text and graphies. Browsers are also known as web clients or universal clients. 2.25. List names of some popular web browsers. Some popular web browsers are Internet Explorer, Netscape, HotJava, Lynx & Samba, 0.26. What is the difference Web Browsers and Servers? Web browsers display Web document and enable users to link to other Web pages. Web servers respond to the requests of browsers. They find and send requested resources back to the browser. Q.27. What is domain,name? ~ Domain name is the unique name given to 2 web site. This name is linked to a web server where the information of that web site is stored. www.pakwatan,com.pk’ is the example of a domain name. (2.28. Describe the use of Web Server. Web server is a computer that is used to Store information for the users on the Intemet. ‘A web server is much faster and powerful than ordinary computer It may be located anywhere in the world. Servers are connected to the Intemet 24 hours a day. 2.29. What does URL mean? URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator. It is the web address for any given web document. Every web décument has a unique URL. Q.30. What is difference between URL and Website? ‘The URL's the web address for any given web document. Every web document has a unique URL. URL is written in the web browser to visit the-web page Website is a collection of web pages that are stored on computers around the world. Q.31. Explain the importance of Search Engine. Search engine is a website that provides the facility to find the required websites on a articular topic. A person can search any topic on Internet using search engines. Search engine contains the record of different websites. : 2.32. What is web hosting? Web hosting is a facility for providing space on Internet for storing web pages. Web hosting is provided by different organization commercially Q.39. List five search engines. Some important search engines are www-google.com, wwwaaltavista.com, ‘www.yahoo.com, www lycos.comand www.excite.com.Ti Ratta.pk :where students come first (Chapter 10 > Fundamentals of the Intemet 255 Q.34. What is difference between internet and Web? The Internet is the physical connection of millions of networks. The Web uses the Internet for its existence. The Web consists of bree embedded on Web pages that are hosted on Web sites Q.35. What is news server? News server is a host computer that exchanges articles with other servers on the Internet. They use Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTF) to commanicate.