GATEWAY INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL
BUSINESS STUDIES PROJECT
ACADEMIC YEAR 2024-2025
Field Visit Report on Wholesale
Vegetable Market
PRESENTED AND
SUBMITTED BY: MOHAMMED
SUHAYIDH
GRADE : XI-B
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Objectives
3. Methodology
4. Sources of Merchandise
5. Local Market Practices
6. Linked-Up Businesses
7. Nature of Goods Dealt In
8. Types of Buyers and Sellers
9. Mode of Goods Dispersal, Minimum
Quantity Sold, and Packaging
10. Factors Determining Price Fluctuations
11. Seasonal Factors Affecting Business
12. Weekly Their Reasons
13. Warehousing Facilities
14. Analysis and Discussion
15. Conclusion
16. /Monthly Non-Working Days
17. Strikes and Their Causes
18. Mode of Payments
19. Wastage and Disposal of Dead Stock
20. Nature of Price Fluctuations and
21. Recommendations
22. References and Appendices
1. Introduction
The objective of this project is to offer
students practical insight into the workings of
a wholesale vegetable market. The visit was
conducted at the Central Wholesale Vegetable
Market, a key hub in [City Name]. This report
documents observations related to various
aspects of the market, linking them with
theoretical knowledge from the CBSE Business
Studies curriculum.
2. Objectives
To observe and document the sources of
merchandise in the wholesale vegetable
market.
To understand and analyze local market
practices and associated businesses.
To examine the nature of goods, pricing,
and seasonal impacts on the market.
To relate observations to theoretical
concepts discussed in class.
3. Methodology
The visit took place on [Date], and
observations were recorded through direct
observation, interviews with market
participants, and photography. Data was
compiled and analyzed to provide a
comprehensive overview of market
operations.
4. Sources of Merchandise
Local Farmers: A significant portion of
vegetables comes from local farms
situated within a 50 km radius of the
market.
Regional Suppliers: Vegetables not
available locally are supplied from
neighboring states such as [State Name].
Importers: Exotic vegetables like bell
peppers and zucchini are imported from
countries like [Country Name] to diversify
the product range.
5. Local Market Practices
Bargaining: Bargaining is a common
practice, especially among smaller buyers
and sellers. This allows for flexible pricing
based on negotiation skills and volume.
Transaction Procedures: Transactions are
often finalized through verbal agreements.
Formal documentation is minimal, and
trust plays a significant role.
Market Schedule: The market operates
from 6 AM to 3 PM. Peak hours are
between 8 AM and 11 AM when most
transactions occur.
6. Linked-Up Businesses
Transporters: Several transport companies
are involved in the logistics of moving
vegetables from farms to the market and
subsequently to retail outlets.
Packagers: Packaging businesses prepare
vegetables in crates and sacks, ensuring
they are ready for sale and transport.
Money Lenders: Informal money lenders
provide credit to small traders, helping
them manage cash flow and purchase
inventory.
Agents: Agents facilitate transactions by
negotiating prices and managing logistics
between buyers and sellers.
7 . Nature of Goods Dealt In
Types of Vegetables: The market deals in
a wide variety of vegetables including
staple items like tomatoes, onions, and
potatoes, as well as specialty vegetables
such as bell peppers and mushrooms.
Quality: Vegetables are graded based on
size, freshness, and appearance. Higher-
quality produce is priced higher and is
often sold quickly.
8. Types of Buyers and Sellers
Buyers: The market caters to a diverse
group including local grocery stores,
restaurants, and individual vendors who
purchase both in bulk and in smaller
quantities.
Sellers: Sellers include wholesalers,
brokers, and sometimes direct farmers
who offer their produce directly to buyers.
9. Mode of Goods Dispersal, Minimum
Quantity Sold, and Packaging (1.5 pages)
Dispersal Methods: Goods are sold
through direct sales and auctions.
Auctions are used for bulk transactions
where buyers bid for large quantities.
Minimum Quantity: Minimum purchase
quantities vary. Small buyers can purchase
in bags or crates, while large buyers
typically buy by the truckload.
Packaging: Vegetables are packaged in
crates, sacks, or cartons depending on the
type of vegetable and buyer
requirements. Proper packaging ensures
that vegetables remain fresh during
transportation.
10. Factors Determining Price Fluctuations
Supply and Demand: Prices fluctuate
based on the availability of vegetables and
market demand. When supply is low and
demand is high, prices increase.
Weather Conditions: Adverse weather
conditions such as droughts or floods can
affect supply and lead to higher prices.
Economic Factors: Transportation costs,
fuel prices, and other economic factors
also impact vegetable prices.
11. Seasonal Factors Affecting Business
Seasonal Availability: The availability and
pricing of certain vegetables are
influenced by seasonal changes. For
example, tomatoes and leafy greens are
more abundant and cheaper during their
peak seasons.
Demand Trends: Festivals and special
occasions can increase the demand for
certain vegetables, impacting prices and
availability.
12. Weekly/Monthly Non-Working Days
Weekly Closure: The market is closed on
Sundays. This affects inventory
management and sales activities for the
week.
Public Holidays: The market may also
operate on reduced hours or be closed
during public holidays, impacting trading
volumes.
13. Strikes and Their Causes
Recent Strikes: There have been instances
of strikes in the past year due to disputes
over labor conditions and wages.
Causes: Strikes are often caused by
disagreements between workers and
market management regarding pay rates
and working conditions.
14. Mode of Payments
Payment Methods: Most transactions are
conducted in cash, though larger
transactions are processed via bank
transfers or credit/debit cards.
Credit Facilities: Regular buyers often
have access to credit terms, allowing them
to purchase goods on credit and pay later.
15. Wastage and Disposal of Dead Stock
Wastage Management: Unsold or expired
vegetables are typically discarded, but
some are donated to local charities or
used as animal feed.
Disposal Methods: Dead stock is collected
by waste management services and is
either composted or disposed of
according to environmental regulations.
16. Nature of Price Fluctuations and Their
Reasons
Price Patterns: Price fluctuations are
common and are influenced by supply-
demand dynamics, seasonal variations,
and external factors such as weather and
economic conditions.
Reasons: Key reasons for price changes
include supply shortages, increased
demand, and fluctuations in
transportation costs.
17. Warehousing Facilities
Available Facilities: The market has
several warehousing facilities for short-
term storage of vegetables.
Utilization: Warehouses are used to store
large quantities of goods temporarily
before distribution to buyers, ensuring
that the produce remains fresh and
inventory is managed effectively.
18. Analysis and Discussion
Summary of Findings: The field visit
revealed a well-organized market with
diverse practices in sourcing, pricing, and
distribution.
Insights: Observations showed that
market operations align with theoretical
concepts of supply and demand, market
structure, and pricing strategies. The
practical experience provided insights into
how theoretical concepts are applied in
real-world scenarios.
19. Conclusion
The visit to the Central Wholesale Vegetable
Market provided valuable practical insights
into market operations. Understanding the
various aspects of sourcing, pricing, and
distribution has enhanced the application of
theoretical knowledge and provided a clearer
understanding of market dynamics.
20. Recommendations
Improve Waste Management:
Implementing more efficient waste
management practices can help reduce
environmental impact and improve overall
market efficiency.
Enhance Infrastructure: Investing in better
infrastructure and support for local
farmers could stabilize supply and pricing,
benefiting both suppliers and buyers.
