Post-COVID-19 syndrome and its sequelae : a cross-

sectional study
Hemat Allam1 , Mai S. Elsheikh1 , Ahmad Elwahidy1 , Rasha Monir1 , Amira Medhat1 , Yasmin M. Ziada1 , Ahmed Gharib2 and Gehan Hamdy2

Introduction ➢ Study sampling : Patients were recruited through online COVID-19 support groups and social
media platforms (Google Survey and Whats App).
Post-COVID-19 syndrome (PACS), or long COVID,
involves symptoms lasting beyond 12 weeks post- ➢ Sample size:123 patients completed the questionnaire.
infection without alternative diagnosis . Globally, ➢ Study tool :A web-based, pre-designed questionnaire developed and translated into Arabic by a
around 30% of COVID-19 survivors are affected, multidisciplinary team. It assessed:
equating to over 128 million people . Reported 1.Vaccination and booster status. 3.Ability to perform daily activities.
prevalence ranges from 33% to 87% in hospitals 4.Current health condition. 2.Persistent post-COVID symptoms.
•
based studied, and up to 37% in non-hospitalized 5.Use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM).
individuals.
➢ Ethical considerations : Study approved by the Ethics Committee of the National Research
Risk factors include female gender, obesity, Centre, Cairo, Egypt (Approval No. 01430422). Electronic informed consent was obtained from all Fig.1Difficulty with the following activities after COVID-19 illness began

older age, and comorbidity . The syndrome is participants.

thought to involve autoimmune responses and
CONCLUSION AND
cytokine-driven inflammation.
➢ Statistical analysis :Data analyzed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics were used for RECOMMENDATION
baseline characteristics. Independent t-test was used to compare quantitative data between A significant number of patients
groups. Significance considered at p < 0.05. continue to experience various
symptoms long after their COVID-19
Aim RESULTS infection, regardless of their vaccination
Determining the percentage of patients who Table 1 General condition of the study participants prior, during, and after
or hospitalization status. Many
continued to suffer from different symptoms COVID-19 infection Table 2 Type of the administrated vaccination individuals have turned to
beyond 12 weeks of COVID-19 exposure and the use complementary medicine, such as
of different complementary modalities among probiotics and herbal remedies, in
patients with post-COVID. search of relief. To better understand the
long-term effects of COVID-19 on
patients' quality of life, further
Methodology prospective and multicenter studies,
j Table 3 Type of complementary treatment used
especially in Egypt, are essential to
identify effective diagnostic tools and
➢ Study design : A cross-sectional analytic
management strategies for those
observational study.
suffering from long COVID symptoms.
➢ Study locality :Cairo, Giza, Alexandria,
and Sharkia governorates, Egypt.
➢ Study timing :Before December 2021.
References
➢ World Health Organization. A clinical case definition of
➢ Study population :Patients older than post COVID-19 condition by a Delphi 382 consensus.
WHO 20212
30 years with symptomatic and/or ➢ Nalbandian A, Sehgal K, Gupta A, Madhavan MV,
laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 McGroder C, Stevens JSet al (2021) Post-acute COVID-19
– Mariam Salah –Kariam Nosir
PRESENTED BY PBL( 26 ): Martina Hani syndrome. Nat Med 27(4):601–6153
infection and persistent symptoms Hager Mousa –Salah Shazly – Ahmed Waleed –waad Mohamed– Asmaa Hetemy ➢ Sudre CH, Murray B, Varsavsky T, Graham MS, Penfold
Donia Areda – Ahmed Elmanduh – Ahmed Eltahawy – Abdallah Khaled – Mariam Khaled
lasting more than 12 weeks. UNDER SUPERVISION :
RS, Bowyer RC et al(2021) Attributes and predictors of
long COVID. Nat Med 27(4):626–631
DR. BASMA SALAH