User’s

Manual AQ6370E
Optical Spectrum Analyzer

IM AQ6370E-01EN
1st Edition
 Thank you for purchasing the AQ6370E Optical Spectrum Analyzer. This is an instrument that
can quickly measure optical characteristics of devices, such as LD, LED light sources, and optical
amplifiers. It also has a touch screen and a zoom feature to make it easier to use.
This user’s manual explains the features, operating procedures, and handling precautions of the
instrument. To ensure correct use, please read this manual thoroughly before operation. Keep this
manual in a safe place for quick reference.
The manuals for this instrument are listed on the next page. Please read all manuals.

Contact information of Yokogawa offices worldwide is provided on the following sheet.

Document No. Description
PIM 113-01Z2 List of worldwide contacts

Notes
• The contents of this manual are subject to change without prior notice as a result of
improvements to the instrument’s performance and functionality. Refer to our website to view our
latest manuals.
• The figures given in this manual may differ from those that actually appear on your screen.
• Every effort has been made in the preparation of this manual to ensure the accuracy of its
contents. However, should you have any questions or find any errors, please contact your
nearest YOKOGAWA dealer.
• Copying or reproducing all or any part of the contents of this manual without the permission of
YOKOGAWA is strictly prohibited.

Trademarks
• Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the
United States and/or other countries.
• Adobe and Acrobat are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Adobe Systems
Incorporated.
• In this manual, the ® and TM symbols do not accompany their respective registered trademark
or trademark names.
• Other company and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective
holders.

Revisions
• 1st Edition: August 2023

1st Edition: August 2023 (YMI)

All Rights Reserved. Copyright © 2023 Yokogawa Test & Measurement Corporation

IM AQ6370E-01EN i
 Manuals

The following manuals, including this one, are provided as manuals for this instrument. Please read
all manuals.

Manuals Included with the Product

Manual Title Manual No. Description
AQ6370E IM AQ6370E-02EN This manual is provided in print. This
Optical Spectrum Analyzer Getting Started guide explains the handling precautions,
Guide installation procedure, basic operations,
and specifications of this instrument.
Model AQ6370E-00 IM AQ6370E-51EN Explains the specifications of the limited
Optical Spectrum Analyzer Limited model model of the AQ6370E.
User’s Manual
Request to Download AQ6370E Manuals IM AQ6370E-73EN Describes the manuals provided on the
website.
Optical Spectrum Analyzer IM AQ6360-92Z1 A document for China.
Safety Instruction Manual IM 00C01C01-01Z1 A document for the EU.

Manuals Provided on the Website

Download the following manuals from our website.
Manual Title Manual No. Description
AQ6370E IM AQ6370E-01EN This manual. Explains all functions and
Optical Spectrum Analyzer operating procedures of the AQ6370E
User’s Manual except remote control and program
functions.
AQ6370E IM AQ6370E-17EN Explains functions for controlling
Optical Spectrum Analyzer Remote Control the instrument with communication
User’s Manual commands and program functions.
For details on downloading manuals, see Request to Download AQ6370E Manuals (IM AQ6370E-
73EN).
The “EN”, and “Z1” in the manual numbers are the language codes.

Online help
The User’s Manual (IM AQ6370E-01EN) is incorporated in this instrument as help files. For
instructions on how to use the help, see section 9.7 in the User’s Manual, IM AQ6370E-01EN.

ii IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Conventions Used in This Manual

Prefixes k and K
Prefixes k and K used before units are distinguished as follows:
k: Denotes 1000. Example: 12 kg, 100 kHz
K: Denotes 1024. Example: 720 KB (file size)

Displayed characters
Bold characters in procedural explanations are used to indicate panel keys that are used in the
procedure and menu items that appear on the screen.

Notes
The notes and cautions in this manual are categorized using the following symbols.
Improper handling or use can lead to injury to the user or damage to the
instrument. This symbol appears on the instrument to indicate that the user must
refer to the user’s manual for special instructions. The same symbol appears in
the corresponding place in the user’s manual to identify those instructions. In the
manual, the symbol is used in conjunction with the word “WARNING” or “CAUTION.”

WARNING Calls attention to actions or conditions that could cause serious or fatal injury to
the user, and precautions that can be taken to prevent such occurrences.

CAUTION Calls attention to actions or conditions that could cause light injury to the user or
damage to the instrument or user’s data, and precautions that can be taken to
prevent such occurrences.

Note Calls attention to information that is important for the proper operation of the
instrument.

IM AQ6370E-01EN iii
 Contents
Manuals ii
Conventions Used in This Manual.................................................................................................... iii

Chapter 1 Features
1.1 Measuring the Optical Spectrum..................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms........................................................................ 1-20
1.3 Analyzing the Optical Spectrum.................................................................................... 1-37
1.4 Saving and Loading Data.............................................................................................. 1-51
1.5 System Setup................................................................................................................ 1-53
1.6 Application Feature (APP Feature)............................................................................... 1-57

Chapter 2 Setting the Measurement Conditions

2.1 Measurement Wavelength (Frequency) Range.............................................................. 2-1
2.2 Wavelength Resolution................................................................................................. 2-12
2.3 Sampling....................................................................................................................... 2-15
2.4 Measurement Sensitivity............................................................................................... 2-17
2.5 Level Scale.................................................................................................................... 2-27
2.6 Sub Scale...................................................................................................................... 2-36
2.7 Noise Reduction............................................................................................................ 2-40

Chapter 3 Measuring the Optical Spectrum

3.1 Measurement Precautions.............................................................................................. 3-1
3.2 Continuous Light Measurement (CW)............................................................................. 3-7
3.3 Pulse Light Measurement............................................................................................. 3-12
3.4 Measurement Using External Triggers.......................................................................... 3-19
3.5 Trigger Output............................................................................................................... 3-23
3.6 Analog Out.................................................................................................................... 3-24

Chapter 4 Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

4.1 Zooming the Waveform Display...................................................................................... 4-1
4.2 Holding the Waveform Display........................................................................................ 4-7
4.3 Holding the Maximum or Minimum Waveform Display................................................... 4-9
4.4 Averaging the Waveform Display.................................................................................. 4-10
4.5 Calculating the Waveform Display................................................................................ 4-12
4.6 Normalizing the Waveform Display............................................................................... 4-18
4.7 Curve Fitting the Waveform Display.............................................................................. 4-19
4.8 Displaying Power Spectral Density Waveforms............................................................ 4-25
4.9 Searching Waveforms................................................................................................... 4-26
4.10 Copying and Clearing Waveforms................................................................................ 4-34
4.11 Noise Mask................................................................................................................... 4-36
4.12 Highlighting the Waveform Display............................................................................... 4-38

Chapter 5 Displaying Measured Values and Calculated Values Using Markers

5.1 Wavelength and Level Values of an Optical Spectrum................................................... 5-1
5.2 Wavelength/Level Difference between Optical Spectra................................................ 5-10
5.3 Power Spectral Density................................................................................................. 5-13
5.4 Integral Power Value..................................................................................................... 5-16

iv IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Contents

Chapter 6 Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms 1

6.1 Specifying an Analysis Range......................................................................................... 6-1
6.2 Spectral Width (THRESH, ENVELOPE, RMS, PEAK RMS, NOTCH)............................ 6-4
6.3 SMSR.............................................................................................................................. 6-8
6.4 Power............................................................................................................................ 6-10 2
6.5 Light Source (DFB-LD, FP-LD, LED)............................................................................ 6-12
6.6 ITLA............................................................................................................................... 6-16
6.7 WDM Signals................................................................................................................ 6-19
6.8 Gain and Noise Figure of Optical Amplifiers................................................................. 6-22 3
6.9 Optical Filter Characteristics Measurement.................................................................. 6-28
6.10 Measurement of Level Fluctuations in Single- Wavelength Light (0 nm Sweeping)..... 6-39
6.11 Editing the Grid Table.................................................................................................... 6-42
4
Chapter 7 Saving and Loading Data
7.1 USB Storage Devices..................................................................................................... 7-1
7.2 Saving and Loading Waveform Data.............................................................................. 7-2 5
7.3 Saving and Loading Waveform Data (All Trace)........................................................... 7-12
7.4 Saving Analysis Data.................................................................................................... 7-18
7.5 Saving and Loading Setting Data.................................................................................. 7-23
7.6 Saving Screen Capture Data........................................................................................ 7-27 6
7.7 File Operations.............................................................................................................. 7-31

Chapter 8 Useful Applications 7

8.1 Overview of the Application Feature............................................................................... 8-1
8.2 Installing and Uninstalling Applications........................................................................... 8-2
8.3 WDM Test........................................................................................................................ 8-4
8.4 FP-LD Test...................................................................................................................... 8-9 8
8.5 DFB-LD Test...................................................................................................................8-11
8.6 LED Test........................................................................................................................ 8-13
8.7 SCLaser Test................................................................................................................. 8-15
8.8 Optical Fiber End Face Check...................................................................................... 8-18 9
8.9 Exporting Maintenance Information.............................................................................. 8-20

Chapter 9 System Setup App

9.1 Registering User-Defined Menus.................................................................................... 9-1
9.2 Locking the Keys............................................................................................................. 9-2
9.3 Measurement Items........................................................................................................ 9-4
9.4 Display Items..................................................................................................................9-11 Index
9.5 Ethernet Communication............................................................................................... 9-15
9.6 Sounding the Buzzer..................................................................................................... 9-23
9.7 Displaying Manuals with the Help Feature.................................................................... 9-24
9.8 Viewing the System Information.................................................................................... 9-25
9.9 Resetting the Instrument to Its Factory Default Settings............................................... 9-28

Appendix
Appendix 1 Grid Table for WDM Wavelength......................................................................... App-1
Appendix 2 Data Calculation Algorithms for Spectrum Widths.............................................. App-2
Appendix 3 Details of Each Analytical Function................................................................... App-11
Appendix 4 WDM Analysis Function.................................................................................... App-24
Appendix 5 Optical Amp Analysis Function.......................................................................... App-37
Appendix 6 Optical Filter Analysis Function......................................................................... App-41
Appendix 7 Function Menu Tree Diagram............................................................................ App-58

Index
IM AQ6370E-01EN v
Chapter 1 Features

1.1 Measuring the Optical Spectrum 1

Features
Measurement range 2
Set the measurement wavelength (frequency) range as follows:
• Combination of the center wavelength (Center) and sweep span (Span)
• Combination of the measurement start wavelength (Start) and stop wavelength (Stop) 3

Sweep span
Start
wavelength
Center
wavelength
Stop wavelength 4
Reference level
Optical power

You can set the wavelength and frequency

scale display using the horizontal scale (SETUP 6
Wavelength > Horizontal Scale) settings.

FUNCTION
AUTO REPEAT SINGLE STOP
7
CENTER
CENTER SPAN LEVEL Set the center wavelength, start
wavelength, stop wavelength, etc.
SWEEP RESOLN SENS SPAN 8
Set the sweep span, start
wavelength, stop wavelength, etc.
SETUP ZOOM TRACE

MARKER PEAK ANALYSIS

SETUP 9
SEARCH Set the wavelength and frequency
scale, etc.
USER SYSTEM FILE
App
APP

REMOTE
UNDO/
LOCAL HELP PRT
SCN PRESET Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-1
1.1 Measuring the Optical Spectrum

Level scale
Set the level scale of the waveform display. The level scale unit can be switched between log scale
(dBm) and linear scale (e.g., mW).

Optical power

You can set the log and Wavelength

linear scale using the
vertical scale (LEVEL)
settings.

FUNCTION
AUTO REPEAT SINGLE STOP

CENTER SPAN LEVEL LEVEL

Set the reference level, log and
SWEEP RESOLN SENS linear scale, etc.

SETUP ZOOM TRACE

MARKER PEAK ANALYSIS

SEARCH

USER SYSTEM FILE

APP

REMOTE
UNDO/ PRT
LOCAL HELP SCN PRESET

1-2 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.1 Measuring the Optical Spectrum

Wavelength resolution 1
The wavelength resolution expresses the bandwidth of a monochromator’s filter characteristics. It

Features
is defined as the wavelength span between two points 3 dB down from the peak wavelength of the
spectrum when a narrow linewidth light source such as a gas laser is measured. You can select the
2
resolution setting from the following available settings: 0.02 nm, 0.05 nm, 0.1 nm, 0.2 nm, 0.5 nm,
1 nm, and 2 nm.
3
Peak
3 dB
Optical power

Wavelength
resolution
5

Wavelength
6
FUNCTION
AUTO REPEAT SINGLE STOP

The RESOLN key is a shortcut key for

CENTER SPAN LEVEL
displaying the Resolution menu of the 7
SETUP menu. You can use either key
SWEEP RESOLN SENS
to set the resolution.

SETUP ZOOM TRACE

RESOLN 8
Resolution setting
MARKER PEAK ANALYSIS
SEARCH SETUP -> Resolution
Resolution setting
9
USER SYSTEM FILE

APP

REMOTE
App
UNDO/ PRT
LOCAL HELP SCN PRESET

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-3
1.1 Measuring the Optical Spectrum

Sampling points and sampling interval

Sampling points refer to the number of data points measured (sampled) within the set sweep span
(span). You can set this value in the range of 101 to 200001 on this instrument. Sampling interval
refers to the wavelength spacing of sampling data.
If you decrease the sampling points, you may be able to measure in a shorter time.

Sweep span
Optical power

Wavelength

Resolution
Sampling setting
interval

Sampling points

FUNCTION
AUTO REPEAT SINGLE STOP

CENTER SPAN LEVEL

SWEEP RESOLN SENS

SETUP ZOOM TRACE

PEAK SETUP
MARKER ANALYSIS
SEARCH Sampling points, sampling interval

USER SYSTEM FILE

APP

REMOTE
UNDO/ PRT
LOCAL HELP SCN PRESET

Note
If the sampling interval is large (the sampling points are small) relative to the set measurement resolution,
the measured spectrum may become inaccurate, such as peaks missing from the spectrum.
In such cases, the letters “UNCAL” will appear in the waveform display area to indicate that the
measurement conditions are inappropriate. In normal cases, set the sampling points to AUTO.
For details on UNCAL and sampling interval, see page 1-14.

1-4 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.1 Measuring the Optical Spectrum

Measurement sensitivity 1
This instrument has two measurement sensitivity modes: TRAD and SMSR. You can set the

Features
mode with Sensitivity Mode. Setting this mode sets the operation mode of the analog amplifier
circuit (internal amplifier) built into the instrument.
2

• TRAD Mode
This sensitivity mode can measure both CW light and pulsed light. It operates in the same way 3
as the conventional sensitivity mode of YOKOGAWA’s optical spectrum analyzers.
Select the sensitivity setting from seven levels: N/HOLD, N/AUTO, NORMAL, MID, HIGH1,
HIGH2, and HIGH3. 4
If you select N/HOLD, the analog amplifier circuit is set to fixed gain. The gain is set based on
the Reference Level setting in the LEVEL menu. If fixed gain is selected, there is a limit on the
effective measurement range. The range is from “the reference level –20 dBm” to “the reference 5
level +10 dBm.”
If you select a setting other than N/HOLD, the analog amplifier circuit is set to auto gain. This
mode allows a wider range of levels to be measured in a single sweep. 6
For all settings, you can select double speed mode, which measures at a sweep speed that is
about twice as fast as usual. For sensitivities in double speed mode, “(x2)” is indicated in the
sensitivity setting name such as MID(x2) and NORMAL(x2). 7
Double speed mode is suitable for measuring light sources such as LED light sources where the
change in the spectral level is relatively gradual. It also has the following features.
• Double speed mode has a noise level about 2 dB higher than normal mode. 8
• If you use double speed mode under UNCAL conditions, for spectral waveforms that
have sudden changes, such as those produced by a DFB-LD, the level and wavelength
measurement accuracies may degrade. Use it after checking the measurement spectrum. 9
• SMSR Mode
This mode measures at high speed the side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) of a single
App
vertical mode laser such as a DFB-LD. This mode is up to twice as fast as the conventional
measurement sensitivity mode (TRAD). Select the sensitivity setting from two levels: MID/SMSR
and HIGH1/SMSR. SMSR mode has the following features.
• The noise level is higher than in TRAD mode. MID/SMSR is about 2 dB higher than MID (x2) Index
and HIGH1/SMSR about 2dB higher than HIGH1 (x2).
• Some optical spectra may not be measured at high speed (see section 2.4).

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-5
1.1 Measuring the Optical Spectrum

FUNCTION
AUTO REPEAT SINGLE STOP

CENTER SPAN LEVEL

SWEEP RESOLN SENS

SENS
Measurement sensitivity
SETUP ZOOM TRACE

MARKER PEAK ANALYSIS

SEARCH SETUP
Measurement sensitivity
USER SYSTEM FILE

APP

REMOTE
UNDO/ PRT
LOCAL HELP SCN PRESET

Correlation diagram between measurement sensitivity and sweep speed

[TRAD mode] [SMSR mode]
Sweep speed: Sweep speed: Sweep speed:
normal normal x 2 normal x 4 (max.)
N/HOLD
(Fixed gain)
Low N/AUTO(x2) Fast
N/AUTO
NORMAL(x2)
NORMAL MID/SMSR
Measurement sensitivity

MID(x2) Sweep speed

MID

HIGH1/SMSR
HIGH1(x2)
HIGH1
HIGH2(x2)
HIGH2

High HIGH3(x2)
Slow
HIGH3

1-6 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.1 Measuring the Optical Spectrum

Noise reduction 1
This instrument has two types of averaging functions that you can use: averaged measurement and

Features
roll-averaged measurement.
• Averaged measurement (Average Times)
2
• Roll-averaged measurement (Roll Average)

Averaged measurement 3
Sampling is performed multiple times at each sample point during sweeping, and spectral data
is obtained from the average values. The average times value is set using Average Times on the
SETUP menu. 4
Averaging cannot be selected when, on the SETUP menu, the measurement sensitivity is set to
NORMAL (x2) and SMSR.

Sampling interval 5

6
Optical power

Wavelength
Averages the specified number of times and 8
then moves to the next sampling position

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-7
1.1 Measuring the Optical Spectrum

Roll-averaged measurement
In roll-averaged measurement, the set measurement range (SPAN) is swept multiple times. Each
sweep is averaged with the previous measurement data to update the waveform.
Roll-averaged measurement is set using Roll Average on the TRACE menu.

Sweeps repeatedly the specified number of times

Optical power

Wavelength
Performs averaging every sweep and updates the waveform

FUNCTION
AUTO REPEAT SINGLE STOP

CENTER SPAN LEVEL

SWEEP RESOLN SENS

SETUP ZOOM TRACE

PEAK TRACE->Roll Average

MARKER SEARCH ANALYSIS
Rolling average

USER SYSTEM FILE

SETUP->Average Times
APP Average times

REMOTE
UNDO/ PRT
LOCAL HELP SCN PRESET

1-8 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.1 Measuring the Optical Spectrum

Starting a measurement (sweep) 1

When you start a measurement, the instrument sweeps the set measurement range and measures

Features
the spectrum.
2
FUNCTION
AUTO REPEAT SINGLE STOP Press these keys to control sweeping directly.
AUTO Auto sweep
CENTER SPAN LEVEL REPEAT Repeat sweep 3
SINGLE Single sweep
SWEEP RESOLN SENS STOP Stop sweep

SETUP ZOOM TRACE

SWEEP 4
Auto sweep, repeat sweep, single sweep, stop sweep

MARKER PEAK ANALYSIS

SEARCH

5
USER SYSTEM FILE

APP

6
REMOTE
UNDO/ PRT
LOCAL HELP SCN PRESET

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-9
1.1 Measuring the Optical Spectrum

Function menus
CENTER key
“Measurement range” in Features
Center wavelength and center frequency (Center)
This is the center of the measurement range. The specified value is displayed in the center of
the waveform display area.
The unit of values (wavelength or frequency) is set using Horizontal Scale on the SETUP
menu.

Start wavelength and start frequency (Start)

This is the start point of the measurement range. The specified value is displayed at the left
end of the waveform display area.
The unit of values (wavelength or frequency) is set using Horizontal Scale on the SETUP
menu.

Stop wavelength and stop frequency (Stop)

This is the stop point of the measurement range. The specified value is displayed at the right
end of the waveform display area.
The unit of values (wavelength or frequency) is set using Horizontal Scale on the SETUP
menu.

Note
• If you change the measurement range start point (Start) or measurement range stop point (Stop),
the measurement range center (Center) and sweep span (Span) will change.
• If you change the measurement range center (Center), the sweep span (Span) will not change.

Setting the center of the measurement range to the peak wavelength of the waveform
(Peak WL -> Center)
The center wavelength of the measurement range is set to the peak waveform of the trace (A
to G) selected using Active Trace on the TRACE menu.

1-10 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.1 Measuring the Optical Spectrum

Setting the center of the measurement range to the center wavelength of the waveform 1
(Mean WL -> Center)
The center of the measurement range is set to the waveform of the trace (A to G) selected

Features
using Active Trace on the TRACE menu (the wavelength of the center position between
2
two points that are lower by the threshold value (20 dB) from the peak value of the center
wavelength).

Peak wavelength 3
Center wavelength

Threshold 4
(20 dB)
Optical power

5
Wavelength

Auto setting of the center wavelength (Auto Center)

6
For each sweep, the measurement center wavelength (Center WL) is set to the peak
wavelength of the waveform of the trace (A to G) selected using Active Trace on the TRACE
menu. 7

Setting the measurement range to the waveform display zoom range (View Scale ->
Measure) 8
The measurement range values (center value, sweep span, start point, stop point) are set to
the zoom range values (Zoom Center, Zoom Span, Zoom Start, Zoom Stop) on the ZOOM
menu.
9

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-11
1.1 Measuring the Optical Spectrum

SPAN key
“Measurement range” in Features
Sweep span (Span)
The sweep span to be measured. The specified value is displayed in the measurement
conditions area. The unit of values (wavelength or frequency) is set using Horizontal Scale on
the SETUP menu.

Start wavelength and start frequency (Start)

This is the start point of the measurement range. The specified value is displayed in the
measurement conditions area. The unit of values (wavelength or frequency) is set using
Horizontal Scale on the SETUP menu.

Stop wavelength and stop frequency (Stop)

This is the stop point of the measurement range. The specified value is displayed in the
measurement conditions area. The unit of values (wavelength or frequency) is set using
Horizontal Scale on the SETUP menu.

Note
• If you change the measurement range start point (Start) or measurement range stop point (Stop),
the measurement range center (Center) and sweep span (Span) will change.
• If you change the measurement range center (Center), the sweep span (Span) will not change.

Setting the sweep span to the spectral width (Δλ -> Span)
The instrument analyzes the spectral width of the waveform of the trace (A to G) selected
using Active Trace on the TRACE menu and sets the sweep span to the obtained result. The
spectral width is analyzed by the RMS method (threshold value = 20 dB), and a value six
times the obtained spectral width is assigned to the the sweep span.

Threshold
20 dB
Optical power

For the calculation

formula, see appendix 2.
Wavelength

Level fluctuation measurement time (0nm Sweep Time)

Set the time required to measure from the left edge to the right edge of the screen when the
sweep span is 0 nm. When the sweep span is set to 0 nm, the center, start point, and end
point of the measurement range will be of the same wavelength. The instrument will measure
the level fluctuations of a single wavelength. When level fluctuations are measured, the
horizontal scale unit is time. The time set on this menu becomes the range from the left edge
to the right edge of the waveform display area.

Setting the measurement range to the waveform display zoom range (View Scale ->
Measure)
The measurement range values (center value, sweep span, start point, stop point) are set to
the zoom range values (Zoom Center, Zoom Span, Zoom Start, Zoom Stop) on the ZOOM
menu.
1-12 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.1 Measuring the Optical Spectrum

LEVEL key 1
“Level scale” in Features

Features
Main scale settings
• Reference level (Reference Level) 2
The level value that determines where to display the spectral waveform.
In log scale display, the spectral waveform is displayed so that the position at the vertical
scale setting (Y Scale Setting) matches the reference level value. 3
In linear scale display, the spectral waveform is displayed so that the reference level is
positioned at the top of the screen.

• Log scale display (Log Scale) and linear scale display (Linear Scale) 4
The vertical scale unit can be switched between log scale display (Log Scale) and linear
scale display (Linear Scale). The log scale display shows the scale with the linear value of
1 mW assigned to the log value of 0 dBm. 5
For example, if the level range of the measured waveform in terms of log values is –80 dBm
to +10 dBm and these values are displayed with linear values, they will be –10 pW to
10 mW. Since the level range of spectral waveform is very wide, in the case of a spectral
6
waveform with peaks and subpeaks such as a DFB-LD light source, using a logarithmic
scale makes it possible to display both peaks in the waveform display area.

• Bottom of the linear scale (Linear Base Level) 7

This is the level value at the bottom of the spectral waveform displayed in the waveform
display area during linear scale display. When set to 0, the entire spectral waveform is
displayed in the waveform display area. When set to a value close to the peak level value,
8
the vertical axis can be expanded to display the spectral waveform.

• Setting the reference level to the peak level (Peak Level -> Ref Level)
The reference level is set to the peak level of the active trace waveform. The specified 9
reference level (peak level value) and waveform are displayed in a reference level setting
window. Then, you can further change the reference level.

• Auto setting of the reference level (Auto Ref Level) App

Each time a measurement is completed, the peak level of the spectral waveform is
automatically detected, and this value is used as the reference level to display the spectral
waveform in the waveform display area. Index
• Switching the power spectral density display (Level Unit)
dBm and W are units of level (power value) per resolution step.
dBm/nm and W/nm are units converted to the level per 1 nm wavelength width (power
spectral density). When measuring a light source with a spectrum that is wider than the
measurement resolution, such as an LED or ASE light source, displaying the spectral
waveform in units of power spectral density reduces the change in the measurement
spectrum due to the difference in resolution.

• Initializing the main scale display (Main Scale Initialize)

If the main scale is expanded or reduced after measurement, initialization returns the main
scale to its original setting.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-13
1.1 Measuring the Optical Spectrum

Sub scale settings

Calculated values are displayed using a sub scale when a trace-to-trace calculation waveform,
such as trace C, trace F, and trace G, is displayed.

• Log sub scale display (Sub Log)

When calculated waveforms (see sections 4.5 and 4.6) are displayed, the calculation result
is displayed on a log scale. The scale of the calculation results is displayed on the right or
left side of the waveform display area.

• Linear sub scale display (Sub Linear)

When calculated waveforms (see sections 4.5 and 4.6) are displayed, the calculation result
is displayed on a linear scale. The scale of the calculation results is displayed on the right
or left side of the waveform display area.

• Percentage sub scale display (Sub Scale)

When calculated waveforms (see sections 4.5 and 4.6) are displayed, the calculation result
is displayed on a percentage scale. The scale of the calculation results is displayed on the
right or left side of the waveform display area.

• Applying an offset to the log sub scale (Offset Level)

The display position of a calculated waveform can be moved from its original position by
applying an offset to the log value of the calculation result displayed on a log sub scale.
This is possible when the log sub scale is displayed.

• Lower limit of the linear sub scale (Scale Minimum)

The display position of a calculated waveform can be moved from its original position by
changing the display range of the linear value of the calculation result displayed on a linear
sub scale. The entire calculated waveform range can be displayed by specifying zero. This
is possible when the linear sub scale is displayed.

• Auto setting of the sub scale (Auto Sub Scale)

When trace-to-trace calculation is executed in a calculated waveform display (see section
4.5), the above sub scale items (Sub Log, Sub Linear, Sub Scale, Offset Level, Scale
Minimum) are automatically set, and the calculated waveform is displayed at the optimum
position in the waveform display area.

• Initializing the sub scale display (Main Scale Initialize)

If the sub scale is expanded or reduced after measurement, initialization returns the scale
to its original setting.

Vertical scale setting (Y Scale Setting)

Number of divisions in the vertical scale (Y Scale Division)
Set the number of divisions in the vertical scale.

Position to display the reference value of the main scale (Ref Level Position)
Set the number of divisions from the bottom of the waveform display area at which the
main scale reference value will be displayed.

Position to display the reference value of the log sub scale (Sub Ref Level Position)
Set the number of divisions from the bottom of the waveform display area at which the sub
scale reference value (0.0 dB) will be displayed.
1-14 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.1 Measuring the Optical Spectrum

SETUP key 1
“Measurement range,” “Wavelength resolution,” “Measurement sensitivity,”

Features
“Averaged measurement,” “Roll-averaged measurement,”
“Sampling points and sampling interval,” in Features 2
Wavelength resolution (Resolution)
Set the wavelength resolution for measuring spectra. Select from each specified value of
wavelength resolution.
3
Measurement sensitivity (Sensitivity)
Measurement sensitivity mode (Sensitivity Mode)
This instrument has two measurement sensitivity modes: TRAD and SMSR. You can set 4
the mode with Sensitivity Mode. Setting this mode sets the operation mode of the analog
amplifier circuit (internal amplifier) built into the instrument.
TRAD: Conventional sensitivity mode for CW light and pulse light measurements 5
SMSR: This mode measures at high speed the side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) of
a single vertical mode laser such as a DFB-LD. This mode is up to twice as fast
as the conventional measurement sensitivity mode (TRAD). 6
Measurement sensitivity selection (Sensitivity Select)
Select the measurement sensitivity from the menu.
7
TRAD
Menu
N/HOLD(x2)
Low N/HOLD Fast 8
N/AUTO(x2)
N/AUTO
NORMAL(x2)
Sweep speed

NORMAL 9
Sensitivity

MID(x2)
MID
HIGH1(x2)
HIGH1 • The internal amplifier is set to fixed App
HIGH2(x2) gain for N/HOLD. Otherwise, the
HIGH2 internal amplifier is set to auto gain.
HIGH3(x2) • (x2) indicates double speed mode.
High HIGH3 Slow Index
SMSR
Low Fast
Sweep speed
Sensitivity

Menu
MID/SMSR
HIGH1/SMSR

High Slow

Manual setting of the measurement sensitivity (Sensitivity Level)

Enter the approximate lowest level of the waveform you want to measure as a numerical
value (dBm), and the measurement sensitivity will be automatically selected according to
that value.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-15
1.1 Measuring the Optical Spectrum

• HCDR Mode (High Close-in Dynamic Range)

This mode measures a single vertical mode laser source with a wider close-in dynamic
range. When measuring a light source with multiple vertical modes, it may not be possible
to measure properly (e.g., when the distance between adjacent modes is 0.4 nm or less).
If there is a risk that the measurement cannot be performed properly, a warning message is
displayed and the measurement is stopped.

• Using the CHOP mode (Chop Mode)

This mode activates the internal chopper of the monochromator. Stray light specific to the
monochromator is reduced by turning the chopper.
When CHOP MODE is set to SWITCH, measurements of better S/N can be made.

Average times (Average Times)

The signal-to-noise ratio (S/N ratio) of measured spectra is improved by carrying out
measurements several times and averaging the measurement results. Averaging cannot be
selected when, on the SETUP menu, the measurement sensitivity is set to NORMAL (x2) and
SMSR.

Number of samples (Sampling Points)

Number of samples (sampling points) is the number of points measured within the range
of the specified sweep span. When you set the sampling points, the sampling interval is
automatically determined. A smaller number of samples will result in shorter measurement
times but a wider sampling interval. Measurement spectra will be inaccurate if the number of
samples is too small. The recommended sampling interval setting varies depending on the
resolution as shown below. If the specified number is less than the sampling points indicated
here, the letters “UNCAL” will appear in the waveform display area to indicate that the
measurement conditions are inappropriate. In normal cases, set the sampling points to AUTO.

• About SMPL AUTO (sampling interval conditions that do not cause UNCAL)
“UNCAL” is displayed when a single or repeat sweep is started based on the following
relationship between span, setting resolution, and set number of samples:

When the resolution correction function is turned OFF

Span
x 5 > Set number of samples - 1
Setting resolution

When the resolution correction function is turned ON

Span
x 10 > Set number of samples - 1
Setting resolution

Sampling interval (Sampling Interval)

Sampling interval is the wavelength spacing at which measured data sampled. It is
automatically determined when you set the sweep span and sampling points. If you set a wide
sampling interval within the set sweep span range, the number of samples will automatically
decrease.
The sampling interval can be determined with the following formula.

sampling interval = sweep span (SPAN) ÷ (sampling points – 1)

1-16 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.1 Measuring the Optical Spectrum

Pulse light measurement mode (Pulse Light Measure) 1

Set the measurement mode for measuring pulse light.

Features
For details on each mode, see section 3.3.

• Peak hold mode (Peak Hold) 2

Set the peak hold value of the pulse light. The pulse light is measured based on this value.

• External trigger mode (Ext Trigger Mode) 3

A mode in which measurements are made by synchronizing the pulse light to the external
trigger signal. Set the trigger conditions in the Trigger Setting menu.

• Gate mode (Gate Mode) 4

The instrument samples data when the external signal (gate signal) is active and measures
the pulse light. The instrument receives the gate signal synchronized with the timing at
which pulse light is emitted. In the Trigger Setting menu, you need to set the gate mode 5
sampling interval and signal logic.

• Signal logic (Gate Logic) for displaying pulse light based on gate signals
This is the signal logic with which the gate signal is enabled. 6
External trigger setting (Trigger Setting)
Edge (Edge)
7
You can set the external trigger signal’s edge detection type to rising or falling.

Delay (Delay)
This is the delay time from the edge detection of the trigger signal to the start of waveform 8
sampling.

Trigger operation type (Trig Input Mode)

9
• Sampling trigger (Smpl Trig Mode)
Waveforms are sampled with the rising or falling edge of the external signal as a trigger.

• Sweep start trigger (Sweep Trig Mode)

App
The instrument sweeps with the rising edge of the external signal as a trigger.

• Sweep enable/disable control (Smpl Enable Mode)

When the external signal level is low (Low), the instrument sweeps (Single/Repeat). Index
When the external signal level changes to high (High), sweeping is paused.
When the external signal level changes to low again, sweeping resumes from the
paused position.

Trigger signal output (Trig Output Mode)

• Sweep status signal output (Sweep Status)
The instrument outputs a positive logic (high) signal when sweeping is in progress and
a negative logic (low) signal when sweeping is not in progress from the instrument’s
TRIGGER OUT (trigger output) terminal.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-17
1.1 Measuring the Optical Spectrum

Horizontal scale unit (Horizontal Scale)

Select the horizontal scale unit of the waveform display area. The unit switches between nm
and THz each time you press Horizontal Scale.

Noise rejection (Smoothing)

This function reduces the noise in the measurement waveform. Waveform areas where noise
is superimposed can be smoothed and measured. Note that when noise is superimposed
on sudden changes in the spectrum, the wavelength resolution of the peaks or valleys of the
spectrum may be reduced due to the effects of averaging.

Correcting the Wavelength Resolution (Resolution Correction)

Since the wavelength resolution function is set according to the monochromator slit width,
the setting resolution and actual resolution may not match. If the resolution is set to 0.1 nm,
the actual resolution will be 0.09 nm for a 1450 nm wavelength, and 0.07 nm for a 1550 nm
wavelength.
If the Resolution Correction function is turned ON, measured data is processed by the
software so that it matches the set resolution.

Fiber connector (Fiber Connector)

Set Angled if the optical fiber under test is APC (angle lap PC). Otherwise, set NORMAL.

1-18 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.1 Measuring the Optical Spectrum

RESOLN key 1
“Wavelength resolution,” in Features

Features
Wavelength resolution (Resolution)
Set the wavelength resolution for measuring spectra. Select from the available values, or enter 2
a value of your choice (Custom).

SWEEP key 3
“Starting a measurement (sweep),” in Features
Auto sweep (Auto)
This function automatically sets the center wavelength (Center), sweep span (Span),
4
reference level (Reference Level), and resolution (Resolution) and measures the spectrum.
When an auto configuration of measurement conditions is completed in an auto sweep, the
sweep mode changes to repeat sweep.
5
Repeat sweep (Repeat)
This function repeatedly sweeps the specified measurement wavelength (frequency or
wavenumber) range and measures the spectrum. 6

Single sweep (Single)

This function sweeps the specified measurement wavelength (frequency or wavenumber) 7
once and measures the spectrum.

Measurement stop (Stop)

8
Stops sweeping.

Inter-line marker sweep (Sweep Marker L1-L2)

This function sweeps the range between line markers L1 and L2 and measures the spectrum. 9

Sweep interval (Sweep Interval)

This function is used to set the time from the start of one sweep to the start of the next sweep. App

SENS key
“Measurement sensitivity,” in Features Index
Measurement sensitivity selection (Sensitivity Select)
Select the measurement sensitivity from the menu.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-19
 1.2 Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

Traces
Traces A to G can be displayed simultaneously in the instrument’s waveform display area. In
addition to displaying measured waveforms, traces C, F, and G can be used to execute trace
calculations and display waveforms of the calculation results.

Calculation result trace

Optical power

Trace A B C D E F G

Wavelength
Calculation
result trace
Trace G
Trace A
NORMALIZE, CURVE FIT, PEAK CURVE FIT
A, B, C
Trace B
LOG calculation
C-F, F-C, C+F, E-F, F-E, E+F
Linear calculation Trace E
C+F, C-F, F-C, E+F, E-F, F-E
MARKER FIT

Calculation
result trace
Trace F
Trace A
Calculation
POWER/NBW
source trace
A, B, C, D, E Trace B
LOG calculation
C-D, D-C, C+D, D-E, E-D, D+E Trace D
Linear calculation
C+D, C-D, D-C, D+E, D-E, E-D Trace E

Calculation
result trace
Trace C
Trace A
LOG calculation
A+B, A-B, B-A
Trace B
Linear calculation
A+B, A-B, B-A, 1-k(A/B), 1-k(B/A)

1-20 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.2 Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

FUNCTION 1
AUTO REPEAT SINGLE STOP

Features
CENTER SPAN LEVEL

2
SWEEP RESOLN SENS

SETUP ZOOM TRACE

3
MARKER PEAK ANALYSIS TRACE
SEARCH
Write, fix, hold, rolling average, calculate

USER SYSTEM FILE

4
APP

5
REMOTE
UNDO/ PRT
LOCAL HELP SCN PRESET

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-21
1.2 Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

Zoom
The waveform display area can be zoomed by specifying the display range of the measured
spectral waveform.
How to set the zoom range
• Combination of the zoom center value (Zoom Center) and display span (Zoom Span)
• Combination of the zoom start point (Zoom Start) and stop point (Zoom Stop)

Zoom center value

Zoom start point Zoom stop point Zoomed waveform display
Optical power

Optical power

Wavelength Wavelength
Zoom display span

FUNCTION
AUTO REPEAT SINGLE STOP

CENTER SPAN LEVEL

SWEEP RESOLN SENS

SETUP ZOOM TRACE

MARKER PEAK ANALYSIS ZOOM

SEARCH
Zoom center value, Zoom display span,
zoom start point, zoom stop point
USER SYSTEM FILE

APP

REMOTE
UNDO/ PRT
LOCAL HELP SCN PRESET

1-22 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.2 Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

Peak search 1
This function determines the peak (local maximum value) and the bottom (local minimum value) of

Features
the active trace waveform and sets the moving marker. Based on the set moving marker, you can
search for the next peak or bottom and search for the peak or bottom on the right or left side of the
2
moving marker.
By placing a fixed marker at the moving marker position, you can view the wavelength difference
and power difference between a fixed marker and the moving marker. 3
Moving marker

Peak search 4

Searches for the next peak

or the adjacent peak on the
0001
right of the peak value 5
Fixed marker
Optical power

Wavelength 7
FUNCTION
AUTO REPEAT SINGLE STOP
8
CENTER SPAN LEVEL

SWEEP RESOLN SENS

9
SETUP ZOOM TRACE

MARKER PEAK ANALYSIS

SEARCH
App
PEAK SEARCH
USER SYSTEM FILE
Peak search, bottom search, level
order search, left and right search,
APP fixed marker placement Index
REMOTE
UNDO/ PRT
LOCAL HELP SCN PRESET

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-23
1.2 Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

Markers
You can set markers on the active trace waveform to display in the data area the wavelengths or
frequencies and power values at the market positions. There are three types of markers based on
the power value calculation methods.

Power value calculation based on marker type

• Normal marker
Power values are determined at the marker positions on the waveform.

• Power spectral density markers

The power values per specified normalization bandwidth are determined by assuming the marker
position on the waveform to be the center. These markers are used to determine converted
power values per given bandwidth such as when measuring the signal noise level.

• Integral markers
The integrated power values over specified frequency ranges are displayed by assuming the
marker position on the waveform to be the center. The power values are displayed in the data
area. These markers are used to determine the integrated power of a widely spread spectrum
such as to determine the signal level from a modulated optical signal spectrum.

Normal marker Power spectral density marker

Power value of
the wavelength
at the marker
position Bandwidth power density
Moving marker Moving marker
Optical power

Optical power

Wavelength
Wavelength
Integral marker Normalization
Moving marker bandwidth

Center value of
the integration
range Integral
power value
Optical power

Wavelength
Integral range

1-24 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.2 Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

FUNCTION 1
AUTO REPEAT SINGLE STOP

Features
CENTER SPAN LEVEL

2
SWEEP RESOLN SENS

SETUP ZOOM TRACE

3
MARKER PEAK ANALYSIS
SEARCH

MARKER->Marker Setting
USER SYSTEM FILE
Normal marker, power spectral 4
density marker, integral marker
APP

5
REMOTE
UNDO/ PRT
LOCAL HELP SCN PRESET

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-25
1.2 Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

Function menus
TRACE key
“Traces” in Features
Active trace (Active Trace)
An active trace is a trace in a state that allows it to be set, changed, analyzed, and so on. For
example, one-action setup such as Peak WL -> Center, moving marker operation, waveform
searching, and various analysis are performed on the active trace.
Select the active trace from A to G.

Showing and hiding (View A to G)

The spectral waveforms drawn in traces A to G are displayed in the waveform display area.

Write mode (Write A to G)

The spectral waveform is drawn in the active trace, and the waveform in the trace is updated
and displayed in the waveform display area.

Fixed mode (Fix A to G)

The spectral waveform is not drawn in the active trace. The waveform in the trace is not
updated, and the waveform drawn immediately before is displayed in the waveform display
area.

Hold mode (Hold A to G)

The selected spectral waveform, either the spectral waveform with the maximum peak or that
with the minimum peak, is drawn in the active trace to update the waveform in the trace and
displayed in the waveform display area. Since only spectral waveforms with the maximum
peak or those with the minimum peak are drawn in the active trace, the spectral waveforms
with the maximum peak or those with the minimum peak are held and the waveform display
area.

Rolling average mode (Roll Average A to G)

The spectral waveform drawn in the trace immediately before and the newly measured
spectral waveform are averaged the specified number of times, and the result is displayed in
the waveform display area. For example, if 10 is specified, waveforms are swept 10 times, and
then the averaged spectral waveform in the waveform display area is updated.
Averaging is performed using the following formula.
Wj(i) = Wj–1(i)•(n – 1)/n + W(i)•1/n (i=1, 2, ..., N)

Wj (i): newly displayed waveform

Wj-1(i): previously displayed waveform
W (i): newly obtained waveform
N: number of samples
n: average times

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 1.2 Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

Calculation mode (Calculate C, F, G) 1

The result of the selected calculation is displayed in the waveform display area.

Features
Trace C (Calculate C) 2
• Log Math
This function performs LOG calculations on trace-to-trace data and write the results to
trace C. 3
Calculations can be applied to trace A and trace B.

C=A-B(LOG) Subtracts trace B from trace A in LOG form.

C=B-A(LOG) Subtracts trace A from trace B in LOG form. 4
C=A+B(LOG) Adds trace A and trace B in LOG form.

• Linear Math 5
This function performs linear calculations on trace-to-trace data and write the results to
trace C.
Calculations can be applied to trace A and trace B.
6
C=A+B(LIN) Adds trace A and trace B in linear form.
C=A-B(LIN) Subtracts trace B from trace A in linear form.
C=B-A(LIN) Subtracts trace A from trace B in linear form.
7
C=1-k(A/B) Given trace A and trace B, calculates 1-k(A/B).
Calculates 1-k × (trace A/Trace B) (linear value), and writes the results to
trace C.
The coefficient k can be changed in the range of 1.0000 to 20000.0000
8
(in steps of 0.0001). If COARSE is enabled in the setting window, you can
change the value in 1-2-5 steps.
The coefficient k setting applies to both the <C=1-k(A/B)> calculation and 9
<C=1-k(B/A)> calculation.
The display in the trace area changes to 1-k(A/B).
C=1-k(B/A) Given trace A and trace B, calculates 1-k(B/A). App
Calculates 1-k × (trace B/Trace A) (linear value), and writes the results to
trace C.
The display in the trace area changes to 1-k(B/A). Index
The calculation results of C=A+B(LIN), C=A-B(LIN), and C=B-A(LIN) are displayed
using the main scale.
The calculation results of C=1-k(A/B) and C=1-k(B/A) are displayed using the sub scale.
For details on sub scales, see section 2.6.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-27
1.2 Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

Trace F (Calculate F)
• Log Math
This function performs LOG calculations on trace-to-trace data and write the results to
trace F.
Calculations can be applied to trace C, trace D, and trace E.

F=C-D(LOG) Subtracts trace D from trace C in LOG form.

F=D-C(LOG) Subtracts trace C from trace D in LOG form.
F=C+D(LOG) Adds trace C and trace D in LOG form.
F=D-E(LOG) Subtracts trace E from trace D in LOG form.
F=E-D(LOG) Subtracts trace D from trace E in LOG form.
F=D+E(LOG) Adds trace D and trace E in LOG form.

The calculation results are displayed using the sub scale. The scale for the calculation
results is displayed on the left or right side of the screen. For details on sub scales, see
section 2.6.

• Linear Math
This function performs linear calculations on trace-to-trace data and write the results to
trace F.
Calculations can be applied to trace C, trace D, and trace E.

F=C+D(LIN) Adds trace C and trace D in linear form.

F=C-D(LIN) Subtracts trace D from trace C in linear form.
F=D-C(LIN) Subtracts trace C from trace D in linear form.
F=D+E(LIN) Adds trace D and trace E in linear form.
F=D-E(LIN) Subtracts trace E from trace D in linear form.
F=E-D(LIN) Subtracts trace D from trace E in linear form.

The calculation results are displayed using the main scale.

• Power/NBW
Displays in trace F the power per the specified band in the range of 0.1 nm to 10 nm in
0.1 nm resolution. The applicable calculation traces are A to E.

F=Pwr/NBW A Displays the power spectral density of trace A.

F=Pwr/NBW B Displays the power spectral density of trace B.
F=Pwr/NBW C Displays the power spectral density of trace C.
F=Pwr/NBW D Displays the power spectral density of trace D.
F=Pwr/NBW E Displays the power spectral density of trace E.
Bandwidth Sets the bandwidth.

1-28 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.2 Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

Trace G (Calculate G) 1
• Log Math

Features
This function performs LOG calculations on trace-to-trace data and write the results to
trace G. 2
Calculations can be applied to trace C, trace E, and trace F.

G=C-F(LOG) Subtracts trace F from trace C in LOG form.

G=F-C(LOG) Subtracts trace C from trace F in LOG form. 3
G=C+F(LOG) Adds trace C and trace F in LOG form.
G=E-F(LOG) Subtracts trace F from trace E in LOG form.
G=F-E(LOG) Subtracts trace E from trace F in LOG form. 4
G=E+F(LOG) Adds trace E and trace F in LOG form.

The calculation results are displayed using the sub scale. The scale for the calculation
5
results is displayed on the left or right side of the screen. For details on sub scales, see
section 2.6.

• Linear Math
6
This function performs linear calculations on trace-to-trace data and write the results to
trace G.
Calculations can be applied to trace C, trace E, and trace F. 7
G=C+F(LIN) Adds trace C and trace F in linear form.
G=C-F(LIN) Subtracts trace F from trace C in linear form.
G=F-C(LIN) Subtracts trace C from trace F in linear form. 8
G=E+F(LIN) Adds trace E and trace F in linear form.
G=E-F(LIN) Subtracts trace F from trace E in linear form.
G=F-E(LIN) Subtracts trace E from trace F in linear form. 9
The calculation results are displayed using the main scale.

• Normalize App
This is one of the calculations that normalizes trace data. This function writes
the normalize result in trace G and displays it. One of the following traces can be
normalized: trace A, trace B, or trace C. The peak of the normalized waveform is 1 if Index
trace G is set to linear scale or 0 dB if it is set to LOG scale. Data is displayed when
sweeping is finished to the end.
The trace area display changes to NORM @.

G=NORM A Normalizes trace A and writes the normalized data to trace G.

G=NORM B Normalizes trace B and writes the normalized data to trace G.
G=NORM C Normalizes trace C and writes the normalized data to trace G.

The calculation results are displayed using the sub scale. The scale for the calculation
results is displayed on the left or right side of the screen. For details on sub scales, see
section 2.6.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-29
1.2 Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

• Curve Fit
Curve fitting is applied to the specified trace waveform, and the results are drawn in
trace G. Calculations are performed on data from the threshold to the peak.

G=CRV FIT A Applies curve fitting to trace A.

G=CRV FIT B Applies curve fitting to trace B.
G=CRV FIT C Applies curve fitting to trace C.
G=MKR FIT Applies curve fitting to the placed markers using the current
measurement scale. Curve fitting is applied even when markers
are placed on different traces.
Threshold Set the threshold value.
Operation Area Set the calculation target range.
ALL Includes all data in the calculation target trace in the
calculation.
INSIDE L1-L2 Includes the data between the line markers in the calculation.
OUTSIDE L1-L2 Includes the data outside the line markers in the calculation.
Fitting Algorithm Select the curve fitting formula.
GAUSS Normal distribution curve
LORENZ Lorenz curve
3RD POLY 3rd order polynomial
4TH POLY 4th order polynomial
5TH POLY 5th order polynomial

• Peak Curve Fit

Peak curve fitting is applied to the specified trace waveform, and the results are drawn
in trace G. Calculations are performed on mode peaks that are greater than or equal to
the threshold.

G=PKCV FIT A Applies peak curve fitting to trace A.

G=PKCV FIT B Applies peak curve fitting to trace B.
G=PKCV FIT C Applies peak curve fitting to trace C.
Threshold Set the threshold value.
Operation Area Set the calculation target range.
Fitting Algorithm Select the curve fitting formula.
GAUSS Normal distribution curve
LORENZ Lorenz curve
3RD POLY 3rd order polynomial
4TH POLY 4th order polynomial
5TH POLY 5th order polynomial

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 1.2 Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

Trace list (Trace List) 1

Lists the measurement conditions and display conditions of all traces.

Features
Inter-trace waveform copy (Trace Copy) 2
Copies waveforms between traces.

Trace clear (Trace Clear)

Clears the waveforms in the trace.
3

Label (Label)
Enter the character string to display in the label area of the screen. 4

Noise mask (Noise Mask)

Masks the display of spectral waveforms whose level is less than the specified level. 5
Mask line (Mask Line)
When mask line is set to VERT, the waveform is displayed with level values at or below
6
the specified mask value as the display lower limit value (−210 dBm).
When mask line is set to HRZN, the waveform is displayed with level values at or below
the specified mask value as the mask value.
7
Trace highlighting (Trace Highlight)
Highlights the waveform of the selected trace.
8

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-31
1.2 Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

ZOOM key
“Zoom” in Features
How to set the zoom range
• Combination of the zoom center value (Zoom Center) and display span (Zoom Span)
• Combination of the zoom start point (Zoom Start) and stop point (Zoom Stop)

Zoom center wavelength and center frequency (Zoom Center)

This is the center value of the zoom range.

Zoom display span (Zoom Span)

This is the display span of the zoom range. The spectral waveform is displayed with the zoom
center wavelength at the center and at the specified zoom display span.

Start wavelength and start frequency (Zoom Start)

This is the start point of the zoom range. The specified value is displayed at the left end of the
waveform display area.
The horizontal scale unit is set using Horizontal Scale on the SETUP menu.

Stop wavelengthand stop frequency (Zoom Stop)

This is the stop point of the Zoom range. The specified value is displayed at the right end of
the waveform display area.
The horizontal scale unit is set using Horizontal Scale on the SETUP menu.

Note
• If you change the zoom start point (Zoom Start) or stop point (Zoom Stop), the zoom center value
(Zoom Center) and sweep span (Zoom Span) will change.
• If you change the zoom center value (Zoom Center), the sweep span (Zoom Span) will not change.

Setting the center of the zoom range to the peak wavelength of the waveform (Peak ->
Zoom Ctr)
The center of the zoom range is set to the peak wavelength of the trace (A to G) selected
using Active Trace on the TRACE menu.

Overview window display (Overview Display)

When a spectral waveform is displayed zoomed, an overview window can be displayed. In the
overview window, you can check which part of the spectral waveform is displayed zoomed.

Setting the measurement range to the waveform display zoom range (View Scale ->
Measure)
The measurement range values (center value, sweep span, start point, stop point) are set to
the zoom range values (Zoom Center, Zoom Span, Zoom Start, Zoom Stop) on the ZOOM
menu.

Zoom range initialization (Initialize)

Initializes the zoom range values (Zoom Center, Zoom Span, Zoom Start, Zoom Stop).

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 1.2 Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

PEAK SEARCH key 1

“Peak search” in Features

Features
Peak search (Peak Search)
A peak search (a search for the maximum level value) is performed on the active trace 2
waveform.
The moving marker is displayed at the peak point, and the marker value is displayed in the
data area. 3
Bottom search (Bottom Search)
A bottom search (a search for the minimum level value) is performed on the active trace
waveform. 4
The moving marker is displayed at the bottom point, and the marker value is displayed in the
data area.
5
Next level search (Next Level Search)
On the active trace waveform, the moving marker at the peak or bottom is moved to the next
peak (local maximum value) or bottom (local minimum value).
6
Next search right (Next Search Right)
On the active trace waveform, the moving marker at the peak or bottom is moved to the peak
(local maximum value) or bottom (local minimum value) on its right. 7

Next search left (Next Search Left)

On the active trace waveform, the moving marker at the peak or bottom is moved to the peak 8
(local maximum value) or bottom (local minimum value) on its left.

Fixed marker placement (Set Marker)

9
Places a fixed marker with the assigned number at the moving marker position.

Data area

App

Δ: moving marker
ΔPK: peak moving marker
Difference between Index
markers
ΔBT: bottom moving marker
Δ0001 to Δ1024: fixed markers

Fixed marker clear (Clear Marker)

Clears the specified fixed marker number. The marker value in the data area is also cleared.

Clearing all markers (All Marker Clear)

Clears all moving markers and fixed markers.

Auto search (Auto Search)

Turns on or off peak/bottom searching that is performed every sweep.
When set to On, after sweeping ends, a peak/bottom search is performed automatically, and a
moving marker is set automatically.
IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-33
1.2 Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

Spectral waveform mode threshold (Mode Diff)

Sets the minimum peak/bottom difference (dB) serving as a basis for mode determination
during mode detection.

Search between wavelength line markers (L1 and L2) (Search/Ana Marker L1-L2)
If you set Search/Ana Marker L1-L2 to On when wavelength line markers L1 and L2 are on,
the peak/bottom search target is set between line markers 1 and 2.

Search in the waveform display zoom range (Search/Ana Zoom Area)

When Search/Ana Zoom Area is set to On, the peak/bottom search is performed on the data
in the zoom display range. If Search/Ana and Zoom Area Search/Ana Marker L1-L2 are both
set to On, search is performed in the area where the zoom display range and line marker
range overlap.

Search mode (Search Mode)

The peak search function described earlier is a “single search” function that executes searches
one by one. When the search mode is set to “multi search,” the peak (maximum power value)
and bottom (minimum power value) of all spectral waveforms that meet the search conditions
are searched in a single search.

Multi search conditions (Multi Search Setting)

Threshold (Threshold)
Set the threshold (detection range level) that is used when the multi search detects modes
(peaks/bottoms). For peak searches, the peak detection range is defined as being the
levels from the measured waveform's maximum peak to the threshold value. For bottom
searches, the bottom detection range is defined as being the levels from the measured
waveform's minimum bottom to the threshold value.

Sorting the data area display (Sort by)

Set the assignment order of marker numbers. The detected marker values are displayed
as a list in the data area. This setting sets the sort order of the detection list.

1-34 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.2 Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

MARKER key 1
“Markers” in Features

Features
Moving marker display (Marker Active)
You can move the moving marker to any wavelength using the rotary knob, arrow keys, or 2
numeric keypad. You can also drag it with the mouse. The moving marker moves along the
waveform, and the marker values are displayed in the data area. If you fix the moving marker
at a given position, it turns into a fixed marker. The moving marker applies to the active trace. 3
Fixed marker display (Set Marker)
A marker fixed to a specific number using the moving marker is called a fixed marker. You can
place up to 1024 fixed markers. Fixed markers can be placed across different traces.
4
Fixed markers are assigned marker numbers in order from 0001.

Fixed marker clear (Clear Marker) 5

Clears the fixed marker with the selected number.

Marker selection (Marker Setting) 6

Select a marker you want to use from the three available markers: normal, power spectral
density, and integral.

7
Normalization bandwidth (Band Width)
Set the normalization bandwidth of the power spectral density marker.

Setting the center of the measurement range to the wavelength of the moving marker
8
position (Marker -> Center)
The center of the zoom range is set to the wavelength of the moving marker position in the
waveform of the trace (A to G) selected using Active Trace on the TRACE menu. 9
Setting the center of the zoom range to the wavelength of the moving marker position
(Peak -> Zoom Ctr)
The center of the zoom range is set to the wavelength of the moving marker position in the
App
waveform of the trace (A to G) selected using Active Trace on the TRACE menu.

Setting the reference level to the level of the moving marker position (Marker -> Ref Index
Level)
The spectral waveform is displayed in the waveform display area by assuming the level value
at a moving marker position to be the reference level in the waveform of the trace (A to G)
selected using Active Trace on the TRACE menu.

Clearing all markers (All Marker Clear)

Clears all displayed fixed markers and moving markers.

Wavelength line markers (Line Marker 1, 2)

Wavelengths are displayed as position information in the waveform display area. If two
line markers are displayed, the difference in wavelengths between the line markers can be
displayed. In addition, two line markers can be displayed and used to set the sweep span,
zoom range, and resolution range.
IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-35
1.2 Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

Level line markers (Line Marker 3, 4)

Level values are displayed as position information in the waveform display area. If two
line markers are displayed, the difference in level values between the line markers can be
displayed.

Setting the sweep span to the range between the wavelength line markers (Marker L1-
L2 -> Span)
The sweep span is set to the wavelength range between the wavelength line markers.

Setting the zoom range to the spacing between the wavelength line markers (Marker L1-
L2 -> Zoom Span)
The zoom range is set to the wavelength range between the wavelength line markers.

Clearing all line markers (Marker All Clear)

Clears all displayed line markers (L1 to L4).

Marker difference information display method (Marker Display)

This function sets whether to display the difference relative to the moving marker (Offset) or
the difference relative to the next marker (Spacing) in the marker display.

Auto updating the marker information (Marker Auto Update)

When a sweep is made and the measurement spectral data is updated, the placement of fixed
markers is updated automatically, and the marker information of the new spectral waveform is
displayed.

Unit for displaying marker information (Marker Unit)

Set the unit (wavelength or frequency) of the marker information displayed in the data area.

Search or analysis between wavelength line markers (L1 and L2) (Search/Ana Marker
L1-L2)
Peak search, bottom search, and calculation of analysis function (ANALYSIS key) can be
performed in the area between wavelength line markers L1 and L2. Set the wavelength line
markers using Line Marker 1 and Line Marker 2 in the MARKER menu.

Search and analysis in the waveform display zoom range (Search/Ana Zoom Area)
Peak search, bottom search, and calculation of analysis function (ANALYSIS key) can be
performed in the zoom range of the waveform display. Set the zoom range using Zoom
Center, Zoom Span, Zoom Start, and Zoom Stop in the ZOOM menu.

Sweeping between wavelength line markers (Sweep Marker L1-L2)

The instrument sweeps the wavelength range between the wavelength line markers.

1-36 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.3 Analyzing the Optical Spectrum 1

Features
Spectral width 2
This function calculates the spectral width of the active trace waveform. Select the analysis
algorithm from the following four types.
3
THRESH method NOTCH width search
Threshold (3 dB) Spectral width (Δλ) Spectral width (Δλ)

Threshold
(peak)
5
Optical power

Optical power

Center
wavelength (ΔC)
6
Wavelength Wavelength
Center wavelength (ΔC) Threshold (bottom)
ENVELOPE (envelope curve) RMS/PEAK RMS
method method 7
Spectral width (Δλ) Threshold Threshold

In the RMS method, the

spectral width (Δλ) is 8
calculated from the waveform
within the threshold value. In
the peak RMS method, the
Optical power

Optical power

spectral width (Δλ) is

calculated from the mode
9
peak value within the
threshold value. For the
calculation formula, see
Envelope curve Wavelength appendix 2. App
Wavelength
FUNCTION
AUTO REPEAT SINGLE STOP
Index
CENTER SPAN LEVEL

SWEEP RESOLN SENS

SETUP ZOOM TRACE

MARKER PEAK ANALYSIS

SEARCH

ANALYSIS -> Spec Width

USER SYSTEM FILE Threshold (THRESH), envelope curve
(ENVELOPE), RMS, peak RMS, notch
APP (NOTCH)

REMOTE
UNDO/ PRT
LOCAL HELP SCN PRESET

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-37
1.3 Analyzing the Optical Spectrum

SMSR and OSNR

SMSR is an abbreviation for side-mode suppression ratio. SMSR represents the level difference
between the mode peak and a side mode.
OSNR is an abbreviation for optical signal to noise ratio. OSNR represents the level difference
between the mode peak and noise. Both analysis items can be used to confirm the properties of
spectral waveforms with steep peaks such as DFB-LD.

Peak level

OSNR
Optical power

SMSR
Noise
level

Wavelength

Note
The light source (DFB-LD, ITLA) analysis also includes an SMSR.

FUNCTION
AUTO REPEAT SINGLE STOP

CENTER SPAN LEVEL

SWEEP RESOLN SENS

SETUP ZOOM TRACE

MARKER PEAK ANALYSIS

SEARCH

ANALYSIS -> Analysis 1

USER SYSTEM FILE SMSR

APP

REMOTE
UNDO/ PRT
LOCAL HELP SCN PRESET

1-38 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.3 Analyzing the Optical Spectrum

POWER 1
This function integrates the level values of a spectral waveform and calculates the power (POWER).

Features
The integral range is the entire spectrum. When Search/Ana Marker L1-L2 is set to On in the
ANALYSIS menu, the integral range is set to the range between the wavelength line markers. For
2
the calculation formula of the power value, see “POWER analysis function” in Appendix 3.

Wavelength line Wavelength line

marker L1 marker L2
3

4
Optical power

5
Integral range

POWER value
Wavelength 6

Note
The light source (DFB-LD, FP-LD, LED, ITLA) analysis also includes power. 7
FUNCTION
AUTO REPEAT SINGLE STOP
8
CENTER SPAN LEVEL

SWEEP RESOLN SENS

9
SETUP ZOOM TRACE

MARKER PEAK
App
ANALYSIS
SEARCH

ANALYSIS -> Analysis 1

USER SYSTEM FILE POWER

APP Index
REMOTE
UNDO/ PRT
LOCAL HELP SCN PRESET

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-39
1.3 Analyzing the Optical Spectrum

SSER/STSSER
SSER
SSER stands for Signal to Spontaneous Emission Ratio. It is the signal light to spontaneous
emission light ratio, which is the difference in level between the mode peak and spontaneous
emission light.

STSSER
STSSER stands for Signal to Total Source Spontaneous Emission Ratio. It is the signal light to total
spontaneous emission light ratio, which is the difference in level between the mode peak and total
spontaneous emission light.

Light source (DFB-LD, FP-LD, LED, ITLA) spectral analysis

Light source parameters including spectral line width, SMSR, power and SSER/STSSER, explained
earlier in this section, can be analyzed collectively.
FUNCTION
AUTO REPEAT SINGLE STOP

CENTER SPAN LEVEL

SWEEP RESOLN SENS

SETUP ZOOM TRACE

MARKER PEAK ANALYSIS

SEARCH

ANALYSIS -> Analysis 1

USER SYSTEM FILE DFB-LD, FP-LD, LED, ITLA

APP

REMOTE
UNDO/ PRT
LOCAL HELP SCN PRESET

1-40 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.3 Analyzing the Optical Spectrum

WDM signal spectral analysis 1

This function calculates the center wavelength (λ), level, noise, SNR, and other parameters of each

Features
channel from the measured WDM signal spectral waveforms. For an explanation and calculation
formula of each parameter, see appendix 4.
2

λ1 λ2 λ3 3
Level
value

SNR 4
SPACING
Optical power

5
Noise
Wavelength
6
Analysis item Description
No.1, No.2, ... Channel number
WAVELENGTH Center wavelength (λ) of the channel
LEVEL Level value of the channel (difference between the peak level and noise level)
7
OFFSET WL Relative wavelength to the wavelength of the reference channel (REF). Specify
REF with a parameter.
OFFSET LVL Relative level to the level of the reference channel (REF) Specify REF with a
parameter. 8
SPACING Wavelength spacing to the adjacent channel
LVL DIFF Level difference from then adjacent channel
NOISE Noise level of the channel
SNR SNR value of the channel 9
GRID WL Grid wavelength closest to the center wavelength of the channel
MEAS WL Center wavelength (λ) of the channel
REL WL Relative wavelength to the nearest grid wavelength of the channel
App
FUNCTION
AUTO REPEAT SINGLE STOP

CENTER SPAN LEVEL Index

SWEEP RESOLN SENS

SETUP ZOOM TRACE

MARKER PEAK ANALYSIS

SEARCH

ANALYSIS -> Analysis 2

USER SYSTEM FILE WDM

APP

REMOTE
UNDO/ PRT
LOCAL HELP SCN PRESET

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-41
1.3 Analyzing the Optical Spectrum

Optical amplifier analysis (Gain, NF analysis)

This function calculates the gain and noise figure (NF) of the optical amplifier from the spectral
waveform of the input light to the optical amplifier (Trace A) and the spectral waveform of the
output light from the optical amplifier (Trace B). For an explanation and calculation formula of each
parameter, see appendix 5.

Removal of the
signal light SE
component
contained in the Gain
optical amplifier
output light Output
light
Optical power

ASE level
Signal
light
Wavelength

Analysis item Description

WAVELENGTH Center wavelength (λ) of the channel
INPUT LVL Level value of the channel signal light
OUTPUT LVL Level value of the channel output light
ASE LVL Level value of the channel ASE light
RESOLN Measurement resolution of the channel
GAIN Gain of the channel
NF NF of the channel

FUNCTION
AUTO REPEAT SINGLE STOP

CENTER SPAN LEVEL

SWEEP RESOLN SENS

SETUP ZOOM TRACE

MARKER PEAK ANALYSIS

SEARCH

ANALYSIS -> Analysis 2

USER SYSTEM FILE EDFA-NF

APP

REMOTE
UNDO/ PRT
LOCAL HELP SCN PRESET

1-42 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.3 Analyzing the Optical Spectrum

Optical filter analysis 1

This function measures the spectral waveform of the input light to the optical filter (Trace A)

Features
and the spectral waveform of the output light from the optical filter (Trace B) and measures the
characteristics of the optical filter from their difference spectrum (Trace C = A – B). It analyzes the
2
single-channel and multi-channel (WDM signal) spectral waveforms.

FUNCTION 3
AUTO REPEAT SINGLE STOP

CENTER SPAN LEVEL

4
SWEEP RESOLN SENS

SETUP ZOOM TRACE

5
MARKER PEAK ANALYSIS
SEARCH

ANALYSIS -> Analysis 2

USER SYSTEM FILE FILTER-PK, FILTER-BTM, WDM FIL-PK, 6
WDM FIL-BTM
APP

REMOTE
UNDO/ PRT
7
LOCAL HELP SCN PRESET

Before analysis 8
Using the trace function, draw the spectral waveform of the input light in trace A and the
spectral waveform of the output light in trace B. Display the difference waveform (C = A –
B(LOG)) on trace C. Then, perform the analysis on the difference waveform of trace C. For
9
instructions on how to use the trace function, see section 1.2.
The following illustrations of single-channel and multi-channel optical filter characteristics use
differential waveforms.
App
Input optical spectrum to the
optical filter (Trace A)

Index
Output optical spectrum from the
optical filter (Trace B)
Optical power

Transmission
characteristics of the
optical filter (Trace C = A
– B (LOG))
Wavelength

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-43
1.3 Analyzing the Optical Spectrum

Single-channel filter characteristics

A single-channel spectral waveform is analyzed. For an explanation and calculation formula
of each parameter, see “FILTER PEAK analysis function” and “FILTER BOTTOM analysis
function” in Appendix 6.

FILTER-PK

Peak level
Ripple
width

Threshold
Optical power

Cross-
talk

Wavelength
Peak wavelength
Spectral width
Center wavelength

Analysis item Description

PEAK WL Peak wavelength
CENTER WL Center wavelength
SPECTRUM WIDTH Spectral width
RIPPLE WIDTH Ripple width
CROSS TALK Crosstalk

FILTER-BTM
Center wavelength Bottom wavelength

Notch width

Cross-
talk
Optical power

Threshold

Bottom level

Wavelength

Analysis item Description

BOTTOM LVL Bottom level
BOTTOM WL Bottom wavelength
CENTER WL Center wavelength
NOTCH WIDTH Notch width (displayed as SPEC WIDTH on the screen)
CROSS TALK Crosstalk

1-44 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.3 Analyzing the Optical Spectrum

Multi-channel filter characteristics 1

A multi-channel spectral waveform is analyzed. For an explanation and calculation formula of

Features
each parameter, see “WDM FILTER PEAK analysis function” and “WDM FILTER BOTTOM
analysis function” in Appendix 6. 2
WDM FIL-PK
Peak level
3

No.4 Threshold
No.1 No.2 No.3 (XdB)
4
Optical power

Peak wavelength 5
XdB WIDTH
XdB center (WD)
wavelength
(CTR)
Threshold 6
Wavelength (XdB)
XdB stopband
(SB)
7
Reference wavelength (depending on
the selected algorithm)
Test band 8
Ripple width

Threshold 9
(XdB)
Crosstalk
value

App

XdB passband
(PB)
Test band
Index
Analysis item Description
No.1, No.2, ... Channel number
NOMINAL WL Reference wavelength of the channel
PK WL Peak wavelength of the channel
PK LVL Peak level of the channel
XdB WD XdB width of the channel
XdB CTR XdB center wavelength of the channel
XdB SB XdB stop band of the channel
XdB PB XdB pass band of the channel
RIPPLE WIDTH Ripple width of the channel
CROSS TALK Crosstalk of the channel

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-45
1.3 Analyzing the Optical Spectrum

WDM FIL-BTM
XdB center
wavelength (CTR)
Bottom wavelength
XdB notch width
(NW)

No.4
Threshold (XdB)
No.1 No.2 No.3
(peak)

Threshold (XdB)
(bottom)
Optical power

Bottom level
XdB stopband
(SB)

Wavelength

Threshold
(XdB)

Reference wavelength (depending on

the selected algorithm)
Test band
XdB elimination
band

Crosstalk value
Threshold
(XdB)

Ripple width

Test band

Analysis item Description

No.1, No.2, ... Channel number
NOMINAL WL Reference wavelength of the channel
BTM WL Bottom wavelength of the channel
BTM LVL Bottom level of the channel
XdB NB XdB notch width of the channel
XdB CTR XdB center wavelength of the channel
XdB SB XdB stop band of the channel
XdB EB XdB elimination band of the channel
RIPPLE WIDTH Ripple width of the channel
CROSS TALK Crosstalk of the channel

1-46 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.3 Analyzing the Optical Spectrum

Function menus 1

ANALYSIS key

Features
“Spectral width”, “SMSR and OSNR”, “POWER”, 2
“Light source (DFB-LD, FP-LD, LED, ITLA) spectral analysis ”,“WDM signal spectral
analysis”, “Optical amplifier analysis (Gain, NF analysis)”, “Optical filter analysis” in
Features
Selecting the spectral width analysis (Spec Width) 3
Select the spectral width analysis type from five options.

Selecting the batch analysis of SMSR, POWER, and light source (Analysis 1)
Select the analysis type from five options. SMSR and POWER are separate analysis functions.
4
In the batch analysis of light sources, the content to be analyzed for each light source (DFB-
LD, FP-LD, LED, ITLA) is fixed. The content to be analyzed consists of the spectrum width,
SMSR, POWER, and OSNR items. 5
Batch analysis of light sources
Light source type Analysis item
DFB-LD Center wavelength, spectral width, SMSR, POWER, OSNR 6
FP-LD Center wavelength, spectral width, POWER, number of modes
LED Center wavelength, spectral width, POWER
ITLA Center wavelength, spectral width, SMSR, POWER, SSER/STSSER
7
DFB-LD
Center wavelength, spectral width (-XdB WIDTH)
This function calculates the spectral width (Δλ) and center wavelength (λC) at a level that 8
is lower than the level of the peak wavelength (λP) by the threshold of XdB (e.g., –20 dB).
For an explanation and calculation formula of each parameter, see “THRESH method,”
“ENVELOPE (envelope) method,” “RMS method,” and “PEAK RMS method" in appendix 2.
9
Side mode suppression ratio (SMSR)
This function calculates the difference between the mode peak and a side mode. For
an illustration of SMSR, see the figure on page 1-35. For an explanation and calculation App
formula of each parameter, see “SMSR analysis function” in appendix 3.

Center wavelength, spectral width (RMS, PK-RMS)

In the RMS method, the spectral width (Δλ) is calculated from the waveform within the Index
threshold value. In the peak RMS method, the spectral width (Δλ) is calculated from the
peak value within the threshold value. For an illustration of RMS and PK-RMS (peak
RMS), see the figure on page 1-34. For an explanation and calculation formula of each
parameter, see “RMS method” and “PEAK RMS method” in appendix 2.

Integral of the level value (POWER)

This function integrates the level values of a spectral waveform and calculates the optical
power (POWER). For an illustration of POWER, see the figure under “POWER” on page
1-36. As a parameter, you need to set the integration range for the peak wavelength.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-47
1.3 Analyzing the Optical Spectrum

Optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR)

This function calculates the level difference between the mode peak and noise. For an
illustration of OSNR, see the figure on page 1-35. For an explanation and calculation
formula of each parameter, see “Analysis algorithm” and “Automatic parameter setting
function” in appendix 4.

FP-LD
Center wavelength, spectral width (SPECTRUM WIDTH)
This function calculates the spectral width (Δλ) and center wavelength (λC). For an
explanation and calculation formula of each parameter, see “THRESH method,”
“ENVELOPE (envelope) method,” “RMS method,” and “PEAK RMS method" in appendix 2.

Mean wavelength (MEAN WAVELENGTH)

This function calculates the mean wavelength. The mean wavelength is the center position
between two points whose levels are less than the level of the peak value by the threshold
value (20 dB).

Wavelength of the peak value

Wavelength of the average value

Threshold
Optical power

Wavelength

Total integral of the level value (TOTAL POWER)

This function integrates the level values of a multi-peak spectral waveform one by one and
calculates the total optical power (POWER). For an explanation of the OFFSET LEVEL
parameter and the calculation formula for POWER, see “POWER analysis function” in
appendix 2.

Number of modes (MODE NO.)

This function calculates the number of modes in a multi-peak spectral waveform. For
an explanation and calculation formula of each parameter, see “THRESH method,”
“ENVELOPE (envelope) method,” “RMS method,” and “PEAK RMS method" in appendix 2.

1-48 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.3 Analyzing the Optical Spectrum

LED 1
Center wavelength, spectral width (SPECTRUM WIDTH)

Features
This function calculates the spectral width (Δλ) and center wavelength (λC). For an
explanation and calculation formula of each parameter, see “THRESH method,” 2
“ENVELOPE (envelope) method,” “RMS method,” and “PEAK RMS method" in appendix 2.

Mean wavelength (MEAN WAVELENGTH)

This function calculates the mean wavelength. The mean wavelength is the center position 3
between two points whose levels are less than the level of the peak value by the threshold
value (20 dB). For an illustration of the mean wavelength, see the “Mean waveform” figure
for FP-LD. 4
Total integral of the level value (TOTAL POWER)
This function integrates the level values of a spectral waveform and calculates the total
optical power (POWER). For an explanation of the OFFSET LEVEL parameter and the 5
calculation formula for POWER, see “POWER analysis function” in appendix 3.

ITLA 6
Center wavelength, spectral width (-XdB WIDTH)
This function calculates the spectral width (Δλ) and center wavelength (λC) at a level that
is lower than the level of the peak wavelength (λP) by the threshold of XdB (e.g., –20 dB). 7
For an explanation and calculation formula of each parameter, see “THRESH method,”
“ENVELOPE (envelope) method,” “RMS method,” and “PEAK RMS method" in appendix 2.

Side mode suppression ratio (SMSR)

8
This function calculates the difference between the mode peak and a side mode. For
an illustration of SMSR, see the figure on page 1-35. For an explanation and calculation
formula of each parameter, see “SMSR analysis function” in appendix 3. 9
Signal to Spontaneous Emission Ratio/Signal to Total Source Spontaneous
Emission Ratio (SSER/STSSER)
Calculate the difference between the mode peak and spontaneous emission light. For an App
explanation and calculation formula of each parameter, see “ITLA analysis function” in
appendix 3.
Index
Selecting the analysis of the WDM waveform, optical amplifier characteristics, and
optical filter characteristics (Analysis 2)
Select the analysis type from six options.

Executing an analysis (Analysis Execute)

This function executes the selected analysis.

Threshold value for spectral width analysis (Spec Width Thresh)

Set the threshold value used in the spectral width analysis. Set the value separately for each
analysis type.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-49
1.3 Analyzing the Optical Spectrum

Setting the analysis parameters (Parameter Setting)

For the analysis (Spec Width, Analysis 1, Analysis 2) selected in the ANALYSIS menu, you
can set the analysis parameter that is selected in each key menu. For the meanings of the
parameters, see appendix 2 to appendix 6.

Analysis result display screen (Switch Display)

Select the format of the display screen that shows the results of the analysis (Analysis 2) of
the WDM waveform, optical amplifier characteristics, and optical filter characteristics.

Executing auto analysis (Auto Analysis)

Each time the instrument sweeps and updates the measurement spectral data, the analysis
selected in each key menu is executed for the analysis (Spec Width, Analysis 1, Analysis 2)
selected in the ANALYSIS menu.

Analysis between wavelength line markers (L1 and L2) (Search/Ana Marker L1-L2)
Peak search, bottom search, and calculation of analysis function (ANALYSIS key) can be
performed in the area between wavelength line markers L1 and L2. Set the wavelength line
markers using Line Marker 1 and Line Marker 2 in the MARKER menu.

Search in the waveform display zoom range (Search/Ana Zoom Area)

Peak search, bottom search, and calculation of analysis function (ANALYSIS key) can be
performed in the zoom range of the waveform display. Set the zoom range using Zoom
Center, Zoom Span, Zoom Start, and Zoom Stop in the ZOOM menu.

Editing the grid table (Grid Setting)

Set the WDM frequency table (grid table) to be referenced inside the instrument when
performing spectral waveform analysis.

1-50 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.4 Saving and Loading Data 1

Features
2
Saving and loading
Waveform data (Trace)
You can save to a file the data of a specified trace from the measured spectrum waveforms (Traces 3
A to G). You can also load a saved file into a specified trace and display the waveforms.

Waveform data (all traces) (All Trace)

All trace data (TraceA to G) is collectively saved in a file. The data format is binary and CSV. You
4
can also load saved data into the instrument and display the waveforms.

Screen capture (Graphics) 5

You can capture the screen and save it in a specified image format (bmp, jpg, png). You can view
saved screen captures on the preview screen.
6
Setting data (Setting)
You can save the instrument’s measurement conditions and function menu states to a file in binary
format. You can also load a saved setting file to change the settings of the instrument.
7
Analysis results (Data)
You can save analysis results, the time when the data was saved, and waveform data in CSV
format. You can select the items to save from the items in the following figure. You can also view
8
the contents of the saved data file on the preview screen.

Label Date and time

9
Data area

Measurement
conditions App
Waveform
data

Index

Header and
data of analysis
data

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-51
1.4 Saving and Loading Data

Function menus
FILE key
“Saving and Loading” in Features
Save (Save)
You can save the target data in a specified folder.

Load (Load)
You can select the target data from a file list and load it.

Target data selection (Item Select)

Select the target data from waveform data (Trace), waveform data (all traces) (All Trace),
screen capture (Graphics), setting data (Setting), and analysis results (Data).

Auto file name format (Auto File Name)

The default name for saving files is automatically set. You can set the file name format to
number or date and time.

Removing USB storage devices (Remove USB Storage)

You can remove USB storage devices (USB memory, external hard disk).

File operation (File Operation)

The following file operations are available on the file operation window.
• Copying, moving, and deleting files (Copy, Move, Delete)
You can copy, move, or delete the files and folders in the internal memory and USB
storage devices.

• Renaming files (Rename)

You can rename existing files and folders.

• Making folders (New Folder)

You can make destination folders that files can be saved or moved to. You can assign
names to those folders.

1-52 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.5 System Setup 1

Features
Function menus 2
SYSTEM key
Alignment adjustment (Optical Alignment) 3
This function adjusts the optical axis of the monochromator (spectrometer) used inside the
instrument. When you execute this function, the optical axis is adjusted automatically using
the reference light source built into the instrument. For the procedure, see section 9.3.
4
Wavelength calibration (Wavelength Calibration)
Wavelength calibration can be performed using the reference light source built into the
instrument. Wavelength calibration can also be performed using an external light source. For 5
the procedure, see section 9.3.

Wavelength shift (Wavelength Shift)

This function sets the amount of wavelength shift. When the wavelength shift is changed, the 6
specified value is added to the display value on the wavelength axis. This function is used
for purposes such as correcting differences in wavelength display values among different
measurement instruments. 7
Level shift (Level Shift)
This function sets the amount of level shift. When the level shift is changed, the specified
value is added to the display value on the level axis. It is used to correct the loss of external 8
isolators, filters, or other devices connected to the instrument.

Wavelength resolution calibration (Res BW Calibration)

The wavelength resolution can be calibrated using an external light source as a reference 9
light source. The instrument measures the equivalent noise bandwidth at each resolution
setting and uses the measured value as the resolution bandwidth of the instrument. For the
procedure, see section 3.6 in the AQ6370E Getting Started Guide (IM AQ6370E-02EN). App
Switching the wavelength display (Wavelength in)
For the wavelength values to be displayed, set whether to display the value in air or the value
in vacuum. Index

Remote interface (Remote Interface)

Select the connection method for remotely controlling the instrument. Select from GP-IB,
NETWORK (SOCKET), and NETWORK (VXI-11).

GP-IB setting (GP-IB Setting)

GP-IB address (My Address)
Set the instrument address.

Command format (Command Format)

Select whether to use AQ6370E commands or AQ6317 compatible commands for remote
control.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-53
1.5 System Setup

Ethernet settings (Network Setting)

TCP/IP settings (TCP/IP Setting)
Set the IP address and subnet mask.

Port number (Remote Port No.)

When Remote Interface is set to ETHERNET (SOCKET), specify the port number to use
for remote control.

Command format (Command Format)

Select whether to use AQ6370E commands or AQ6317 compatible commands for remote
control.

Login information for remote control (Remote User Account)

When Remote Interface is set to ETHERNET (SOCKET), set the user name and password
to use for starting remote control.

Remote monitor (Remote Monitor)

You can use the ETHERNET port to monitor the instrument screen or control the
instrument from a PC over a network. To use this feature, you need remote monitoring
software (not included).

Session timeout (Timeout)

When Remote Interface is set to ETHERNET (SOCKET), if no communication takes place
for the specified time in remote mode, the communication is automatically disconnected,
and the mode changes to local.

Turning off the display (Display Off)

This function temporarily turns the display off.

Trigger input (Trigger Input Mode)

The instrument starts spectral data sampling or sweeping using an external signal as a trigger.
For the procedure, see section 3.4.

Trigger output (Trigger Output Mode)

The instrument outputs trigger signals from the trigger output terminal on the rear panel only
while the instrument is sweeping. For the procedure, see section 3.5.

Auto internal amplifier offset (Auto Offset Setting)

Offset adjustment of the amplifier used inside the instrument can be automatically performed
at regular intervals.

Setting the UNCAL Mark and WARNING indicator (Uncal Warning)

You can turn off the warning message that is displayed on the instrument screen when the
instrument is in an Uncal state, such as when the number of samples is too small for the
sweep span (SPAN).

1-54 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.5 System Setup

Turning off the buzzer (Buzzer) 1

You can turn off the buzzer sound that is generated when you tap the instrument screen or

Features
when a warning messages displayed.
2
Number of digits in the numeric display (Level Display Digit)
You can set the number of displayed digits for the level values displayed in the instrument’s
data area.
3
Display color (Color Mode)
You can set the instrument’s display color mode to color or black-and-white.
4
Language (Language)
You can change the language of the menu display, warning messages, and so on. The
language used in the waveform display area, data area, parameter setting window, and so on 5
is fixed to English (cannot be changed).

Setting the clock (Set Clock)

6
You can set the clock. For the procedure, see section 4.5 in the AQ6370E Getting Started
Guide (IM AQ6370E-02EN).

Registering the user-defined menu (User Key Define)

7
You can register frequently used menus in the USER menu.

Locking the keys (Operation Lock) 8

This function disables menu operations except for the USER menu.

Clearing parameters (Parameter Initialize) 9

You can initialize the settings in each menu, parameter values (values displayed in setting
windows), alignment adjustment value, wavelength calibration value, and resolution calibration
value.
App
Viewing the system information (System Information)
You can view the software version, product suffix code, and network information (e.g., IP
address). You can also update the firmware and view the open source software (OSS) license Index
information.

Test mode (Test Mode)

The test mode is used to adjust the instrument at the factory and is not used in ordinary
situations.

Shutdown (Shut Down)

This function turns off the instrument.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-55
1.5 System Setup

UNDO/LOCAL key
Press UNDO/LOCAL to undo the last operation. An Undo menu will appear on the screen. You
can undo or redo up to five operations.
UNDO soft key: Undoes the last operation
REDO soft key: Cancels the last undo operation

FUNCTION
AUTO REPEAT SINGLE STOP

CENTER SPAN LEVEL

SWEEP RESOLN SENS

SETUP ZOOM TRACE

MARKER PEAK ANALYSIS

SEARCH

USER SYSTEM FILE

APP

REMOTE
UNDO/ PRT
LOCAL HELP SCN PRESET

UNDO/LOCAL
UNDO, REDO

The function of the key varies depending on the state the instrument is in when you press
UNDO/LOCAL.
The following table shows the functions of the UNDO/LOCAL key depending on the instrument
state.

Instrument state Function

Undo action available If you press UNDO immediately after changing a parameter
setting or changing or deleting data, the previous operation
is canceled, and the instrument returns to the previous
state.
During user key registration If you press UNDO while registering a user key, the
registration mode is canceled, and the soft key menu that
was displayed when you pressed SYSTEM appears again.
Under remote control from an external PC The instrument returns to local mode from remote mode.
(REMOTE indicator is on) The REMOTE indicator turns off.

USER key
Up to 24 menus can be registered as user keys.
By registering frequently used menus as user keys, you can access them simply by opening
the USER menu.

1-56 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.6 Application Feature (APP Feature) 1

Features
Overview 2
The application feature (APP feature) is an expansion feature used to install and uninstall various
dedicated software applications designed for this instrument.
Various applications are available to assist with the measurement condition setup, analysis, and 3
data saving according to the measurement target, such as DFB-LD, LED, and other light signals
and WDM signals.
Add-on applications can be downloaded from YOKOGAWA webpage and installed to expand the 4
features of the instrument.

By factory default, the following applications are preinstalled in the instrument. 5

• WDM Test
• FP-LD Test
• DFB-LD Test 6
• LED Test
• Optical fiber end face check
• Programming 7
• Maintenance information export

WDM/FP-LD/DFB-LD/LED Test 8
The setting items required for various tests and the display and save operations are consolidated
in a single test screen. The contents that can be obtained through analysis are the same as those
explained in section 6.5 and 6.6. In addition, the measurement conditions operated on the test
9
screen are items that are often used during testing. The screen displays one trace. Waveforms that
have undergone tests can be saved as files by tapping.

Example of an FP-LD test App

Execute a measurement.
The procedure described in section 3.2
is included. Index
Measurement conditions
(resolution, sensitivity, span)
Typical items are incorporated from the
procedures in chapter 2.

Analysis conditions (calculation

algorithm)
Typical items are included from the
procedures in chapter 6 and the
parameters in the appendix.
Display operation
Switches the unit of the scale
display The main scale items of
section 2.1 are included.
Analysis results Saves waveform and analysis data
You will get the same results as described in Items of sections 7.2, 7.4, and 7.6 are included.
the explanations in sections 6.5 and 6.6.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-57
1.6 Application Feature (APP Feature)

Optical fiber end face check (FIP)

You can use a fiber inspection probe recommended by YOKOGAWA to take a photograph that
shows the state of a fiber end face. You can display this photograph on the instrument screen. You
can also save the photograph.

Fiber inspection probe Optical fiber cable

Recommended product:
DI-1000/DI-2000 (Lightel)

End face of the optical fiber cable

Programming (PROGRAM)
Program functions allow control of this device without the need for an external PC. The program
function provides function commands that work equivalently to the keys in the FUNCTION section
of the front panel. By assembling each command and creating a program with the program function,
you can automate the operation of the function menu and parameters. For details about the
program functions, see the separate user's manual, "Optical Spectrum Analyzer Remote Control".

Maintenance information export (Support file builder)

This is a function that allows you to create a support file for us to investigate the cause if a problem
or malfunction occurs while you are using this instrument.
In the event of a problem or malfunction, your YOKOGAWA dealer may ask you to create and send
a support file. If you are asked to do so, please create a ZIP file with this function and send the file.
You do not need to check the contents of the file.

1-58 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1.6 Application Feature (APP Feature)

Function menus 1

APP key

Features
“WDM/FP-LD/DFB-LD/LED analysis test”, “Optical fiber end face check”, 2
“Exporting maintenance information” in Features
Information (Information)
You can view an overview of the selected application.
3
Running the application feature (Execute)
You can run the selected application.
4
Installation (Install)
You can install application installer files (.apl files) stored in the shared folder or USB memory
device. 5
Uninstallation (Uninstall)
You can uninstall applications installed in the instrument.
6
You can also uninstall preinstalled applications.

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 1-59
Chapter 2 Setting the Measurement Conditions

2.1 Measurement Wavelength (Frequency) Range 1

Procedure 2
Setting the horizontal scale

Setting the Measurement Conditions

Setting the horizontal scale unit to wavelength or frequency 3
1. Press SETUP. The Setup menu appears.
2. Tap More 1/2. The More 2/2 menu appears.
3. Tap Horizontal Scale nm/THz. The Horizontal Scale unit changes to nm or THz.
4

8
Setting the measured wavelength to wavelength in air or that in vacuum
1. Press SYSTEM. The System menu appears.
2. Tap Wavelength in Air/Vacuum. A confirmation message appears. 9
3. Tap Yes. To cancel, tap No.
When you tap Yes, the displayed waveforms, moving markers, and fixed markers will be cleared.

App

Index

Note
• This function takes effect when a measurement is executed after the

setting is changed. It is not applied to the waveform that has already been
measured.
• When the setting is changed, (in Air mode) or (in
Vacuum mode) is displayed, respectively, at the bottom of the waveform
screen.
• When the horizontal scale unit is frequency, the mode is fixed at Vacuum,
regardless of this setting.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 2-1
2.1 Measurement Wavelength (Frequency) Range

Setting the center wavelength (center frequency)

There are four ways to set the center wavelength, center frequency:
• Setting the center wavelength (center frequency) on the Center menu
• Setting the start and stop wavelengths (start and stop frequencies) on the Center menu
• Setting using one-action
• Setting the center wavelength (center frequency) to the moving marker wavelength (frequency)

Switching between the wavelength display and frequency display

Set the horizontal scale to nm or THz using the horizontal scale settings on page 2-1. The
setup item switches between wavelength display and frequency display according to the
setting.

Setting the center wavelength (frequency) on the Center menu

1. Press CENTER. The Center menu appears.
2. Tap Center. A CENTER setting window appears.
3. Enter the center wavelength (frequency) in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.
Setting example (for center wavelength)

Note
• The assigned value is applied to the measurement conditions area.
• When a setting is changed, appears in the measurement condition area.
• If you enter a value outside the setting range, the closest allowed value is assigned.

2-2 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 2.1 Measurement Wavelength (Frequency) Range

Setting the center start and stop wavelengths (frequencies) on the 1

Center menu
1. Press CENTER. The Center menu appears.
2
Setting the start wavelength (frequency)

Setting the Measurement Conditions

2. Tap Start. A START setting window appears.
3. Enter the start wavelength (frequency) in the displayed window. 3
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.

Setting the stop wavelength (frequency)

4. Tap Stop. A STOP setting window appears. 4
5. Enter the stop wavelength (frequency) in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.
Setting example (for start wavelength) 5

9
Note
• The assigned value is applied to the measurement conditions area.
• When a setting is changed, appears in the measurement condition area. App
• If you enter a value outside the setting range, the closest allowed value is assigned.

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 2-3
2.1 Measurement Wavelength (Frequency) Range

Setting using one-action

1. Press CENTER. The Center menu appears.
2. Tap one of the following four menus.
Tap Peak WL -> Center:
The center wavelength (frequency) is set to the peak wavelength (frequency).
Tap Mean WL -> Center:
The center wavelength (frequency) is set to RMS 20dB center wavelength (frequency).
Tap Auto Center Off On to select On:
The peak wavelength (frequency) of the measured waveform is assigned automatically to the
center wavelength (frequency) for each sweep.
Tap View Scale -> Measure:
The center wavelength (frequency) is set to the currently displayed ZOOM scale (see section 4.1).
This is used in the center wavelength (frequency) measurement of the next sweep.

Set to the peak value

Set to the RMS 20dB center wavelength

Automatically set for each sweep

Set to the currently displayed zoom scale

Setting the center wavelength (frequency) to the moving marker

wavelength (frequency)
1. Press MARKER. The Marker menu appears.
2. With the moving marker (see section 5.1) displayed, tap Marker-> Center.
The center wavelength (frequency) is set to the moving marker wavelength (frequency). The
displayed waveform is redrawn according to the set center wavelength (frequency).

2-4 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 2.1 Measurement Wavelength (Frequency) Range

Setting the sweep span 1

There are four ways to set the sweep span:
• Setting the sweep span in the Span menu
• Setting the start and stop wavelengths (start and stop frequencies) on the Span menu 2
• Setting using one-action

Setting the Measurement Conditions

• Setting the measurement sweep span to the span between line markers L1 and L2
3
Switching between the wavelength display and frequency display
Set the horizontal scale to nm or THz using the horizontal scale settings on page 2-1. The
setup item switches between wavelength display and frequency display according to the 4
setting.

Setting the sweep span in the Span menu 5

1. Press SPAN. The Span menu appears.
2. Tap Span. A SPAN setting window appears.
3. Enter the sweep span in the displayed window. 6
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.
Setting example (wavelength sweep span)

App

Note
• The assigned value is applied to the measurement conditions area. Index
• When a setting is changed, appears in the measurement condition area.
• If you enter a value outside the setting range, the closest allowed value is assigned.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 2-5
2.1 Measurement Wavelength (Frequency) Range

Setting the center start and stop wavelengths (frequencies) on the Span
menu
1. Press SPAN. The Span menu appears.

Setting the start wavelength (frequency)

2. Tap Start. A START setting window appears.
3. Enter the start wavelength (frequency) in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.

Setting the stop wavelength (frequency)

4. Tap Stop. A STOP setting window appears.
5. Enter the stop wavelength (frequency) in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.
Setting example (for start wavelength)

Note
• The assigned value is applied to the measurement conditions area.
• When a setting is changed, appears in the measurement condition area.
• If you enter a value outside the setting range, the closest allowed value is assigned.

2-6 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 2.1 Measurement Wavelength (Frequency) Range

Setting using one-action 1

1. Press SPAN. The Span menu appears.
2. Tap one of the following two menus.
Tap Δλ -> Span:
2
The sweep span is set to RMS 20 dB span × 6 of the active trace waveform.

Setting the Measurement Conditions

Tap View Scale -> Measure:
The sweep span is set to the currently displayed ZOOM scale (see section 4.1). In the next sweep, 3
the displayed waveform will be redrawn according to the set sweep span.

Set to RMS 20 dB × 6 5

6
Set to the currently displayed zoom scale

Setting the measurement sweep span to the span between line markers
L1 and L2
8
1. Press MARKER. The Marker menu appears.
2. Tap More 1/3. The More 2/3 menu appears.
3. With line markers L1 and L2 displayed (see section 5.2), tap Marker L1-L2 -> Span. The
9
sweep span is set to the span between line markers L1 and L2.

App

Index

Note
• If only line marker L1 is displayed, the sweep stop position is set to the
right edge of the screen. If only L2 is displayed, the sweep start position
is set to the left edge of the screen.
• The Marker L1-L2 -> Span menu cannot be used under the following
conditions.
• When both L1 and L2 are off
• When the span of the active trace is 0 nm

IM AQ6370E-01EN 2-7
2.1 Measurement Wavelength (Frequency) Range

Explanation
Horizontal scale
Wavelength display mode
• Measured waveforms are displayed with the horizontal scale set to wavelength.
• The measurement scale and display scale are set in terms of wavelength.
• The horizontal scale unit of marker values and analysis results is wavelength.

Frequency display mode

• Measured waveforms are displayed with the horizontal scale set to frequency.
• The measurement scale and display scale are set in terms of frequency.
• The horizontal scale unit of marker values and analysis results is frequency.

Displayed units for horizontal scale and marker values

The unit displayed for marker values (wavelength or frequency) can be set separately from the
waveform display’s horizontal scale unit (wavelength or frequency) set with Horizontal Scale
under SETUP. The default unit is nm.
(For example, it is possible to set the horizontal scale to frequency display mode and marker
values to wavelength display mode.)

Note
The Marker Unit setting changes in sync with the Horizontal Scale setting, but changing the Marker
Unit will not change the Horizontal Scale setting.

Center wavelength (frequency)

Start wavelength (frequency)
Stop wavelength (frequency)
Switch the horizontal scale unit between nm and THz using the horizontal scale settings described
on page 2-1. The setup item switches between wavelength display and frequency display according
to the setting.
The selectable ranges for each item are as follows:

Display mode Center Start Stop

Wavelength (nm) 600.000 to 1700.000 50.000 to 1700.000 600.000 to 2250.000
Frequency (THz) 176.5000 to 500.0000 11.5000 to 500.0000 176.5000 to 665.0000
Value steps
When COARSE is selected, you can change the value in steps of 1 nm (0.1 THz). Otherwise,
you can change the value in steps of 0.1 nm (0.01 THz).

Note
• When you set the start wavelength or stop wavelength, the sweep span will change because the
other wavelength does not change. The center wavelength will also change.
• Changing the center wavelength will not change the sweep span.
• The above description also applies to the frequency display modes.

2-8 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 2.1 Measurement Wavelength (Frequency) Range

One-action 1
This is a general term for the operations that use data from the active trace waveform to set
measurement conditions. To use them, a waveform must be displayed in the active trace.
2
• Peak WL -> Center

Setting the Measurement Conditions

The center wavelength is set to the wavelength at the peak value of the active trace
waveform.
3
When executed, the specified center wavelength is displayed in a center wavelength setting
window. Then, you can further change the center wavelength.
The same is true for the center frequency.
4
• Mean WL -> Center
The center wavelength is set to the average (RMS 20 dB center wavelength) of the
spectrum in the range from the peak of the active trace waveform down to the threshold (20 5
dB). Then, you can further change the center wavelength.
The same is true for the center frequency.
6
• Auto Center Off/On
This function sets whether Peak WL -> Center is executed for each sweep.
When this function is set to ON, the peak in the active trace waveform is automatically
7
detected and assigned to the center wavelength for each sweep.
The active trace must be set to WRITE.
When set to On, is highlighted at the bottom of the screen.
8
The same is true for the center frequency.

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 2-9
2.1 Measurement Wavelength (Frequency) Range

• View Scale -> Measure

The measurement scale (Center, Start, Stop, Span) is set to the currently set zoom scale
(Zoom Center, Zoom Span, Zoom Start, Zoom Stop).
The set scale becomes the measurement scale for the next sweep.

Moving marker
Marker -> Center
The center wavelength is set to the moving marker wavelength. The displayed waveform is
redrawn according to the set center wavelength.
The same is true for the center frequency.

Sweep span
Set the horizontal scale to nm or THz using the horizontal scale settings on page 2-1. The display
mode switches between wavelength display and frequency display according to the setting.
The selectable ranges for each sweep span are as follows:

Wavelength sweep span (frequency)

Start wavelength (frequency)
Stop wavelength (frequency)
Display mode Sweep span Start Stop
Wavelength (nm) 0, 0.1 to 1100.0 50.000 to 1700.000 600.000 to 2250.000
Frequency (THz) 0, 0.01 to 330.00 11.5000 to 500.0000 176.5000 to 665.0000
Value steps
• Sweep span
When COARSE is selected, you can change the value in 1-2-5 steps. Otherwise, you can
change the value in steps of 1 nm (0.1 THz).
• Start and stop
When COARSE is selected, you can change the values in steps of 1 nm (0.1 THz).
Otherwise, you can change the value in steps of 0.1 nm (0.01 THz).

Note
• When you change the sweep span, the start wavelength and stop wavelength will change. The
center wavelength will not change.
• When you change the center wavelength, the start wavelength and stop wavelength will change
but the sweep span will not.
• When you set the start wavelength or stop wavelength, the sweep span will change because the
other wavelength does not change. The center wavelength will also change.
• The above description also applies to the frequency display modes.

2-10 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 2.1 Measurement Wavelength (Frequency) Range

One-action 1
This is a general term for the operations that use data from the active trace waveform to set
measurement conditions. To use them, a waveform must be displayed in the active trace.
2
• Δλ -> Span

Setting the Measurement Conditions

The sweep span is set to six times the spectral width based on the RMS method (20 dB
threshold) of the active trace waveform.
3
• View Scale -> Measure
The measurement scale (Center, Start, Stop, Span) is set to the currently set zoom scale
(Zoom Center, Zoom Span, Zoom Start, Zoom Stop).
4
The set scale becomes the measurement scale for the next sweep.

Line Markers 5
Marker L1-L2 -> Span
The sweep span is set to the span between line markers 1 and 2.
The setting range is within the available ranges of each model. 6

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 2-11
 2.2 Wavelength Resolution

Procedure
Set the horizontal scale to nm or THz using the horizontal scale settings in section 2.1. The display
mode switches between wavelength and frequency according to the setting.

1. Press RESOLN. A Resolution menu and RESOLUTION setting window are displayed.
(The same window appears when you tap Resolution on the Setup menu that appears when you press
SETUP.)
You can set the value by either of the following methods.
Selecting by tapping the menu
2. On the Resolution menu, tap the resolution you want.

Selecting on the RESOLUTION setting window

2. On the RESOLUTION setting window displayed in step 1, tap – or +. When the value on
the RESOLUTION setting screen is equal to any of the values on the Resolution menu,
the value on the Resolution menu is highlighted.
3. When the resolution you want to use is highlighted, tap Exit.
If you enter a value not on the Resolution menu, the closest available value on the menu is applied.

Display example on the standard model

Note
• If the sweep span, sampling points, or resolution setting is inappropriate, is displayed.
• If the resolution is set to a value other than 0.02 nm when HCDR is on, a warning message is displayed
and HCDR is automatically turned off.

2-12 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 2.2 Wavelength Resolution

What to do when “UNCAL” is displayed 1

Perform any of the following:
• Decrease the sweep span.
• Increase the sampling points.
2
• Lower the resolution (increase the value).

Setting the Measurement Conditions

• Tap Sampling Points AUTO on the Setup menu.
When the sweep span, sampling points, and resolution settings become appropriate, the 3
disappears.

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 2-13
2.2 Wavelength Resolution

Explanation
Wavelength resolution (frequency)
The available resolution settings are as follows:

Standard Model (suffix code -10), High Performance Model (suffix code
-20)
Display mode Settings
Wavelength 0.02 nm, 0.05 nm, 0.1 nm, 0.2 nm, 0.5 nm, 1 nm, 2 nm
Frequency 4 GHz, 10 GHz, 20 GHz, 40 GHz, 100 GHz, 200 GHz, 400 GHz

Conditions that do not cause UNCAL

Sampling intervals that do not cause UNCAL (see section 2.3) vary depending on the setting
resolution and the setting of the resolution correction function.
For example, to prevent UNCAL from occurring at a resolution of 0.05 nm and with the resolution
correction function turned off, the sampling interval must be 0.01 nm or less. To measure at 20 nm
sweep span, the sample points must be set at least to 20 ÷ 0.01 + 1 = 2001. For details, see “Number
of samples (Sampling Points)” in section 1.1.

2-14 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 2.3 Sampling 1

2
Procedure

Setting the Measurement Conditions

There are three ways to set sampling:
• Setting the sampling points
3
• Setting the sampling interval
• Automatically setting the sampling points or sampling interval according to the sweep span and
resolution setting
4
1. Press SETUP. The Setup menu appears.
2. Tap one of the following three menus.
5
Tap Sampling Points AUTO:
Sampling points or sampling interval is automatically set according to the sweep span and wavelength
resolution setting. The procedure ends here.
Tap Sampling Points: 6
After tapping, set the sampling points. Proceed to step 3.
Tap Sampling Interval:
After tapping, set the sampling interval. Proceed to step 3.
7
If you have tapped Sampling Points or Sampling Interval
3. Enter the sampling points or sampling interval in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide. 8

Setting screen when 9

Sampling Points is tapped

App

Index

Note
• If the sweep span, sampling points, or resolution setting is inappropriate, is displayed.
• For instructions on what to do when is displayed, see section 2.2.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 2-15
2.3 Sampling

Explanation
Sampling points (the number of points to measure in a single
sweep)
Set the number of measurement points per set sweep span.
Selectable range: 101 to 200001

Relationship between sampling points, sampling interval, and

sweep span
The relationship between sampling points, sampling interval, and sweep span is as follows:

Sweep span
Sampling points = +1
Sampling interval

Given the same sweep span, the sampling points are automatically determined when the interval is
known, and vice versa.
For the sweep span setting range, see the explanation in section 2.1, “Measurement Range.”

Note
• Increasing the sampling points or decreasing the sampling interval reduces the sweeping speed.
• Settings that would cause the number of samples in the sweep span to be extremely small cannot be
specified.
• Changing the sampling points also changes the sampling interval accordingly.

Relationship between the sampling interval and wavelength

resolution
If settings are entered such that the sampling interval determined by the sweep span and sampling
points is extremely long relative to the wavelength resolution, data dropout may occur. In such
cases, UNCAL (see section 2.2) is displayed. Enter settings that are appropriate for the resolution.

Sampling Points AUTO

Sampling points or sampling interval is automatically set according to the sweep span and
wavelength resolution setting.
The sampling intervals that do not cause UNCAL vary depending on the setting resolution and the
setting of the resolution correction function.
For example, to prevent UNCAL from occurring at a resolution of 0.05 nm and with the resolution
correction function turned off, the sampling interval must be 0.01 nm or less. To measure at 20 nm
sweep span, the sample points must be set at least to 20 ÷ 0.01 + 1 = 2001. For details, see “Number
of samples (Sampling Points)” in section 1.1.

2-16 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 2.4 Measurement Sensitivity 1

2
Procedure

Setting the Measurement Conditions

1. Press SETUP. The Setup menu appears.
2. Tap Sensitivity. The Sensitivity menu appears. 3
3. Tap Sensitivity Select to set the sensitivity mode to TRAD or SMSR.

8
For the next step, see the following pages.

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 2-17
2.4 Measurement Sensitivity

Settings in TRAD mode

Carry out the following steps if you selected TRAD in steps 3.
4. Tap Sensitivity Select. A TRAD selection menu and SENSITIVITY setting window are
displayed.
(If you selected TRAD in step 3, instead of using the SETUP key, you can press SENS to display the same
windows.)

You can set the value by either of the following methods.

Selecting by tapping the menu
5. Tap More 1/2 and More 2/2 to view the available values in the menus. Tap the sweep
measurement sensitivity you want to use. The minimum power value corresponding tothe
selected measurement sensitivity appears in the Sensitivity Level menu.

More 1/2 menu: N/HOLD(x2), N/HOLD, N/AUTO(x2), N/AUTO, NORMAL(x2), NORMAL,

MID(x2)
More 2/2 menu: MID, HIGH1(x2), HIGH1, HIGH2(x2), HIGH2, HIGH3(x2), HIGH3

Selecting on the SENSITIVITY setting window

5. On the SENSITIVITY setting window displayed in step 4, tap – or +. On the More 1/2 and
More 2/2 menus, the highlighted value changes every time you tap.
6. When the measurement sensitivity you want to use is highlighted, tap Return. The
minimum power value corresponding to the specified measurement sensitivity appears in
the Sensitivity Level menu.

2-18 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 2.4 Measurement Sensitivity

Settings in SMSR mode 1

Carry out the following steps if you selected SMSR in steps 3.
4. Tap Sensitivity Select. A SMSR selection menu and SENSITIVITY setting window are
displayed. 2
(If you selected SMSR in step 3, instead of using the SETUP key, you can press SENS to display the same

Setting the Measurement Conditions

windows.)

You can set the value by either of the following methods.

3
Selecting by tapping the menu
5. Tap the measurement sensitivity to apply: MID/SMSR or HIGH1/SMSR. The minimum
power value corresponding tothe selected measurement sensitivity appears in the
4
Sensitivity Level menu.

More 1/2 menu: N/HOLD(x2), N/HOLD, N/AUTO(x2), N/AUTO, NORMAL(x2), NORMAL,

MID(x2)
5
More 2/2 menu: MID, HIGH1(x2), HIGH1, HIGH2(x2), HIGH2, HIGH3(x2), HIGH3

Selecting on the SENSITIVITY setting window 6

5. On the SENSITIVITY setting window displayed in step 4, tap – or +. The highlighted
menu changes every time you tap.
6. When the measurement sensitivity you want to use is highlighted, tap Return. The 7
minimum power value corresponding to the specified measurement sensitivity appears in
the Sensitivity Level menu.

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 2-19
2.4 Measurement Sensitivity

Setting the measurement sensitivity by entering the measurement

level directly
3. Tap Sensitivity Level. The SENS LEVEL setting window appears.
4. Enter the approximate minimum power value you want to measure in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.
5. Tap Return.

Display example on the standard model

Note
• The assigned value is applied to the measurement conditions area.
• When a setting is changed, appears in the measurement condition area.
• There are pulse light measurement and average times settings that are not selectable for those with (x2)
displayed in Measurement Sensitivity. If any of these values is specified when (x2) is selected, a warning
message will be displayed, and the settings will be changed automatically.
For details, see “Example of changes made automatically when you tap measurement sensitivity (x2)” in
the explanation.
For details on measurement sensitivity, see section 2.4. For details on average times, see section 2.7.

2-20 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 2.4 Measurement Sensitivity

Setting HIGH CLOSE - IN DYNAMIC RANGE 1

3. Tap High Close-in Dynamic Range to switch between Off and On.
4. A confirmation message appears only when On is selected. Tap OK.
To cancel the setting, tap ×.
2

Setting the Measurement Conditions

Display example on the High Performance Model

Note 7
• This is available only on high-performance models.
• When set to On, the following changes will be made automatically.
Resolution: 0.02 nm
Chop Mode: Off 8
Pulse Light Measure: Off
• When the HIGH CLOSE - IN DYNAMIC RANGE setting is turned on, “HDCR” is displayed in the
measurement condition area of the screen.
9

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 2-21
2.4 Measurement Sensitivity

Setting CHOP MODE

3. Tap Chop Mode to select Off or SWITCH.

Display example on the standard model

Note
• When CHOP MODE is set to SWITCH, “/SW” is added in the corresponding sensitivity menu.
MID(x2)/SW, MID/SW, HIGH1(x2)/SW, HIGH1/SW, HIGH2(x2)/SW, HIGH2/SW, HIGH3(x2)/SW,
HIGH3/SW

• There are HCDR mode, pulse light measurement, and average times settings that are not selectable
when CHOP MODE is set to SWITCH. If any of these values is specified when Chop mode is
changed from Off to SWITCH, a warning message will be displayed, and the settings will be changed
automatically.
For details, see “Example of changes made automatically when Chop mode is changed to SWITCH” in
the explanation.
For details on average times, see section 2.7.

2-22 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 2.4 Measurement Sensitivity

Explanation 1

Measurement sensitivity
There are two measurement sensitivity modes: TRAD and SMSR. The operation mode of the 2
analog amplifier circuit built into the instrument is set according to the measurement sensitivity

Setting the Measurement Conditions

setting.
3
TRAD mode
This sensitivity mode can measure both CW light and pulse light. Select from the following:
N/HOLD(x2) N/HOLD N/AUTO(x2) N/AUTO
NORMAL(x2) NORMAL MID(x2) MID 4
HIGH1(x2) HIGH1 HIGH2(x2) HIGH2
HIGH3(x2) HIGH3

• If you select N/HOLD, the analog amplifier circuit is set to fixed gain mode. The gain is set 5
according to the reference level set in section 2.5. If the gain is fixed, the measurement
range is from “reference level – 20 dBm” to “reference level + 10 dBm” due to the limited
effective measurement range. 6
• If you select a setting other than N/HOLD, the analog amplifier circuit is set to auto gain
mode. This mode allows a wider range of levels to be measured in a single sweep.
• You can select double speed mode, which measures at a sweep speed that is about twice 7
as fast as usual. “(x2)” is appended to the sensitivity setting name such as NORMAL(x2)
and MID(x2).
• The double speed mode is suitable for measuring light sources, such as LED light sources,
8
where the level change of the spectral shape is relatively gradual.
• This mode has the following features.
• The noise level is approximately 2 dB higher than normal.
• If used under UNCAL conditions, for waveforms that have sharp spectral shape 9
changes, such as those produced by the DFB-LD, the level and wavelength
measurement accuracies may degrade. Use it after checking the measurement
spectrum. App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 2-23
2.4 Measurement Sensitivity

SMSR mode
This sensitivity mode enables high-speed measurement of the side mode suppression ratio
(SMSR) for single vertical mode lasers such as a DFB-LD. Measurements can be made up to
twice as fast as in the conventional sensitivity mode (TRAD mode). Select from the following:
MID/SMSR HIGH1/SMSR

Depending on the peak value of the optical spectrum, measurement may not be possible at high speed.
Before using this function, it is recommended to validate it using actual light spectra.
If a peak value of the optical spectrum exists in the level range shown in the table below, the
measurement time will be longer because the measurement is automatically repeated in order
to perform an appropriate SMSR measurement. To use this function effectively, make sure in
advance that the input level is not within the level range shown in the table below.

Level range over which the re-sweep is performed* (approximate)

wavelength(nm) MID/SMSR(dBm) HIGH1/SMSR(dBm)
850 -8 to -15 -18 to -25
1310 -22 to -29 -32 to -39
1550 -22 to -29 -32 to -39
* When measuring pulse light, the lower limit of the level range decreases according to the
duty ratio.

Example of automatic re-sweep

-22dBm

-29dBm

There is a modal peak in the

optical spectrum within the -22 to
-29 dBm level range.

2-24 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 2.4 Measurement Sensitivity

Measurement sensitivity by entering the measurement level 1

directly
Enter the approximate minimum power value you want to measure, and the measurement
sensitivity will be set automatically.
2

Setting the Measurement Conditions

Example of changes made automatically when you tap measurement sensitivity (x2)
Settings are changed automatically to those suitable for measuring at measurement sensitivity (x2).
3
Be sure to check the settings after changes are made.
Setting
Item
Before change After change
Peak Hold 4
Pulse Light Measure Ext Trigger Mode OFF
Gate Mode
Average times
2 or more 1
(Average Times) 5

HCDR mode
HCDR mode can only be used on high-performance models with a minimum resolution of 0.02 nm. 6
When HCDR mode is turned on, single vertical mode laser source can be measured with a wider
close-in dynamic range.
Close-in dynamic range performance is improved by turning HDCR mode on. In this mode, 7
waveform arithmetic processing is performed by sweeping twice in one measurement.
If the measurement time is long, the measurement is affected by variation in the measured light
source over time during the measurement. 8
Further, if the distance between two or more adjacent vertical modes is less than 0.4 nm, a warning
message is displayed and the measurement is stopped.

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 2-25
2.4 Measurement Sensitivity

CHOP mode
When the CHOP mode is set to SWITCH, measurements are made while reducing the stray light
in the monochromator, which is generated according to the intensity of the input light power. The
measurement time is doubled, but a wide dynamic range can be measured.
You can set SWITCH when the following measurement sensitivity is selected.
MID(x2), MID, HIGH1(x2), HIGH1, HIGH2(x2), HIGH2, HIGH3(x2), HIGH3

CHOP mode feature

CHOP mode Features Advantages Disadvantages
Off The stray light component is Measurement is fast Since the stray light component
also measured. even for high-sensitivity is also measured, low level
measurements. components are inaccurate
when the power of the light
source is high.

SWITCH Two sweeps are made in one A measurement can If the measurement time is long,
measurement. Only the stray be made in a short the measurement is affected by
light component is measured time with the stray light variation in the measured light
in the first sweep, and high removed. source over time.
dynamic measurement is
possible by subtraction.

Stray light suppression ratio:

80 dB (Typ.) or more

Example of changes made automatically when Chop mode is changed to SWITCH

Settings are changed automatically to those suitable for measuring with Chop mode set to
SWITCH. Be sure to check the settings after changes are made.
Setting
Item
Before change After change
Pulse Light Measure Gate Mode Off
HCDR On Off
Sensitivity Mode SMSR TRAD

2-26 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 2.5 Level Scale 1

When measurement waveforms are displayed, the level scale is displayed with absolute values. The 2
level scale with absolute values is the main scale and that with relative values the sub scale. For a

Setting the Measurement Conditions

description of the sub scale, see section 2.6.
3
Procedure
Configuring the level scale with absolute values (main scale) 4
1. Press LEVEL. The Level menu appears.

Changing to the log scale display 5

2. Tap Log Scale. The vertical scale is displayed with the currently set log scale value. At
the same time, the LOG SCALE setting window appears.
3. Enter the log scale value in the displayed window. 6
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 2-27
2.5 Level Scale

Changing to the linear scale display

2. Tap Linear Scale. The vertical scale is displayed with the currently set linear scale value.
3. Tap Linear Base Level. The BASE LEVEL setting window appears.
4. Enter the value at the bottom of the scale in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.

Setting the vertical scale unit

2. Tap Level Unit. The vertical scale unit is changed.

The units that you can select vary depending on the specified horizontal scale unit,
vertical scale, and reference level unit.

Horizontal scale unit Vertical scale Reference level unit Vertical scale unit options
(Horizontal Scale) (Log/Linear Scale) (Reference Level) (Level Unit)
nm Log Scale — dBm, dBm/nm
Linear Scale pW pW, pW/nm
nW nW, nW/nm
µW µW, µW/nm
mW mW, mW/nm
THz Log Scale — dBm, dBm/THz
Linear Scale pW pW, pW/THz
nW nW, nW/THz
µW µW, µW/THz
mW mW, mW/THz

2-28 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 2.5 Level Scale

Setting the number of divisions in the vertical scale (only for log scale) 1
2. Tap Log Scale.
3. Tap More 1/2. The More 2/2 menu appears.
4. Tap Y Scale Setting. The Y Scale Setting menu appears. 2
5. Tap Y Scale Division. A menu appears for selecting the number of divisions.

Setting the Measurement Conditions

6. Tap 8 or 10. The vertical scale is displayed with the specified number of divisions.
For linear scale, the number of divisions is fixed at 10. 3

7
Setting the reference level position on the screen (for log scale)
5. Continuing from step 4 in “Setting the number of divisions in the vertical scale,” tap Ref
8
Level Position. A window appears for setting the reference level position on the screen
(REF position).
6. Enter the number of divisions counted from the bottom of the waveform display area.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide. 9
• If the REF position value is greater than the number of divisions, it is reduced to the same value
as the number of divisions.
• For linear scale, the REF position is fixed at the top (fixed at 10 DIV).
App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 2-29
2.5 Level Scale

Setting the reference level

There are three ways to set the reference level.
• Using the Reference Level parameter
• Using the one-action keys
• Setting the reference level to the moving marker level

1. Press LEVEL. The Level menu appears.

Using the Reference Level parameter (log scale)

2. If the vertical scale is not set to log scale, tap Log Scale. If the log scale is displayed,
proceed to step 3.
3. Tap Reference Level. The REF LEVEL setting window appears.
4. Enter the reference level in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.

Note
The vertical scale setting is applied to the waveform display in real-time.

2-30 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 2.5 Level Scale

Using the Reference Level parameter (linear scale) 1

2. If the vertical scale is not set to linear scale, tap Linear Scale. If the linear scale is
displayed, proceed to step 3.
3. Tap Reference Level. The REF LEVEL setting window appears. 2
4. Enter the reference level in the displayed window. When you enter a value, a menu

Setting the Measurement Conditions

appears for selecting the unit.
5. On the unit selection menu, tap the unit you want to use. The reference level will be set. 3

Enter the reference level. 5

Note
If you enter the value using the rotary knob or by tapping – and + on the setting window, the reference 8
level will be set in the current unit.

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 2-31
2.5 Level Scale

Setting using one-action

2. Tap one of the following two menus.
Tap Peak Level -> Ref Level:
The reference level is set to the peak level of the active trace waveform. The specified reference
level is displayed, and the displayed waveform is redrawn according to the new reference level.
Tap Auto Ref Level Off On to select On:
For each sweep, the reference level is set to the peak level of the active trace waveform.
• This does not work when the active trace is set to a type other than Write (Max Hold, Min Hold,
Calculate, Roll Average).
• If this soft key is on, at the bottom of the screen will be highlighted.

Set to the peak level value

Automatically set to the peak level
for each sweep

Setting the reference level to the moving marker level

1. Press MARKER. The Marker menu appears.
2. With the moving marker (see section 5.1) displayed, tap Marker -> Ref Level. The
specified reference level is displayed, and the displayed waveform is redrawn according
to the new reference level.

2-32 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 2.5 Level Scale

Explanation 1

Level scale with absolute values (main scale)

Log Scale **.*dB/D 2
This soft key switches the vertical scale to log display and sets the scale.

Setting the Measurement Conditions

Setting range: 0.1 dB/DIV to 10.0 dB/DIV
You can set it in steps of 0.1 dB. When you tap COARSE, you can set it in steps of 1-2-5 (e.g., 3
1 dB/DIV → 2 dB/DIV → 5 dB/DIV).

When you change this setting, the displayed waveform is redrawn according to the new scale.
If you specify a scale greater than 5 dB/DIV in fixed range mode (measurement sensitivity 4
N/HOLD(x2) or N/HOLD), a warning will be displayed because the top and bottom of the
waveform will not be measured correctly.
5
Measurement sensitivity and effective vertical scale range
If the measurement sensitivity is set to N/HOLD, the internal amplifier is set to fixed gain. The
gain is set automatically from the five available settings depending on the reference level (REF) 6
setting. The effective range of measurement data is limited to the following range relative to
the reference (REF) level.

REF – 20 dBm < (effective range) < REF + 10 dBm 7

If the scale is set to 10 dB/DIV, the display will fall outside the effective range. The waveform
between the top edge of the screen to REF + 10 dBm and that between the bottom edge to
REF – 20 dBm will be inaccurate.
8
If the measurement sensitivity is set to N/HOLD, we recommend that you use the level scale
at 5 dB/DIV or less.
If the measurement sensitivity is N/AUTO, MID, or HIGH 1 to 3, auto gain is used allowing a 9
wide level range to be measured in one sweep. Select the appropriate sensitivity according to
the reception level necessary for measurement.

The explanation above of the measurement sensitivity and effective vertical scale range
App
applies also when the measurement sensitivity is set to rapid mode (measurement sensitivities
with x2 indication).
Index
Linear Scale
This soft key sets the scale to linear scale.
Set the scale per division using the reference level.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 2-33
2.5 Level Scale

Linear Base Level **.*mW

This soft key is used to set the value at the bottom of the scale when the vertical scale is set
to linear scale. This soft key is disabled when the vertical scale is set to log scale.
Selectable range: 0.0 to Ref level × 0.9
You can set it in steps of 0.1. When you tap COARSE, you can set it in steps of 1. You can set
the same unit as the reference level unit.

When you change this setting, the displayed waveform is redrawn according to the new scale.
The scale display at the upper left of the waveform is set to 1/10 of [reference (ref) level −
bottom (Base) level (*W/D).
For details on the reference level setting, see the explanation provided later.

Level Unit dBm dBm/nm

This soft key sets the display to dBm or dBm/nm when the vertical scale is set to log scale.
dBm: Power per resolution (absolute power)
dBm/nm: Power per nm (power spectral density)
For details on how to use dBm and dBm/nm, see “Power spectral density display” in “Features.”
If you set a calculated waveform to power spectral density, the level unit is automatically set to
dBm. If power spectral density is assigned as the calculated waveform to Trace F and the unit
is set to dBm/nm, Trace F enters FIX mode, and the waveform is no longer updated.

Level Unit mW mW/nm

When the vertical scale is set to linear scale, this soft key switches the display between nW,
μW, mW, or pW (absolute power), and nW/nm, μW/nm, mW/nm or pW/nm (power spectral
density).

Reference level
Log scale (Reference Level)
Setting range for the log scale’s reference level: –90.0 dBm to 30.0 dBm
You can set it in steps of 0.1. When COARSE is selected, you can set it in steps of 1.

Linear scale (Reference Level)

Setting range for the linear scale’s reference level: 1.00 pW to 1000 mW
When 1.00 to 9.99 (pW, nW, µW, mW) is selected, you can set it in steps of 0.01.
When 10.0 to 99.9 (pW, nW, µW, mW) is selected, you can set it in steps of 0.1.
When 100 to 999 (pW, nW, µW, mW) is selected, you can set it in steps of 1.
When COARSE is selected, you can set it in steps of 1-2-5 (e.g., 1 pW → 2 pW → 5 pW →
10 pW → 20 pW).
If you change the value from 999 to 1.00 or 1.00 to 999, for example, the unit will change (e.g.,
pW → nW or nW → pW).

2-34 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 2.5 Level Scale

One-action keys 1
This is a general term for the keys that use data from the active trace waveform to set
measurement conditions.
To use them, a waveform must be displayed in the active trace. 2

Setting the Measurement Conditions

• Peak Level -> Ref Level
The reference level is set to the peak level of the active trace waveform.
3
The specified reference level (peak level value) is displayed in a reference level setting
window. Then, you can further change the reference level.
Log scale’s variable range: –90.0 dBm to +30.0 dBm
Linear scale’s variable range: 1.00 pW to 1000 mW
4
If the peak level value exceeds the allowed range, it is set to the nearest value within the
range and a warning is displayed.
5
Moving marker
Marker -> Ref Level
The reference level is set to the level of the moving marker placed on the measured waveform. 6
The specified reference level and waveform are displayed in a reference level setting window.
Then, you can further change the reference level.
Log scale’s variable range: –90.0 dBm to +30.0 dBm 7
Linear scale’s variable range: 1.00 pW to 1000 mW

If the moving marker value exceeds the allowed range (the moving marker is at a point
where the level is –210 dBm), it is set to the nearest value within the range and a warning is 8
displayed.
In the following states, the Marker -> Ref Level key is disabled.
• When the moving marker is off (Marker Active is Off) 9

Main Scale Initialize

This function returns only the level scale (main scale of the vertical scale) to its original App
condition after the waveform is moved or zoomed through dragging or pinching out or pinching
in. This is not synchronized to the sub scale display.
Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 2-35
 2.6 Sub Scale

The level scale is displayed based on relative values when a differential waveform (based on LOG
values) or normalized waveform is displayed. The sub scale is the level scale with relative values. For
details on the level scale with absolute values (main scale), see section 2.5.

Procedure
Displaying the sub scale
Display the differential waveform or normalized waveform according to the procedure in section 4.5
or 4.6.

Auto scaling the sub scale

1. Press LEVEL. The Level menu appears.
2. Tap More 1/2. The More 2/2 menu appears.
3. Tap Auto Sub Scale Off On to select On or Off.

2-36 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 2.6 Sub Scale

Log display of the sub scale 1

3. Tap Sub Log. The sub scale is displayed with the currently set log scale value. At the same
time, the SUB SCALE LOG setting window appears.
2
4. Enter the log scale value in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.

Setting the Measurement Conditions

Setting the offset 3
3. Tap Offset Level. An offset value setting window appears.
4. Enter the offset value in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.
4

Setting the REF position

3.
7
Tap Y Scale Setting. The Y Scale Setting menu appears.
4. Tap Sub Ref level Position. The REF POSITION setting window appears.
5. Enter the REF position in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting 8
Started Guide.
6. Tap Return.
9

App

Index

Note
A sub scale is displayed when differential waveforms (based on log values) or normalized waveforms are
displayed. When these waveforms are superimposed on waveforms based on absolute values, the absolute
value scale is shown on the left and the relative value scale on the right at the same time. If the left scale is
changed to log (8 DIV) or linear (10 DIV), the sub scale is displayed to correspond to the DIV count on the
level scale.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 2-37
2.6 Sub Scale

Linear display of the sub scale

3. Tap Sub Linear. The sub scale is displayed with the currently set linear scale value. At the
same time, the SUB SCALE LIN setting window appears.
4. Enter the linear scale value in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.

Setting the bottom value

3. Tap Scale Minimum. The SCALE MIN setting window appears.
4. Enter the value at the bottom of the sub scale in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.

Setting the sub scale unit to %/D

3. Tap Sub Scale. The sub scale unit changes to %. At the same time, the SUB SCALE setting
window appears.
4. Enter the percentage per division in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.

Initializing the sub scale

3. Tap Sub Scale Initialize. The sub scale will be initialized.

2-38 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 2.6 Sub Scale

Explanation 1

Auto scaling of the sub scale (Auto Sub Scale Off On)
This soft key turns on or off the function that displays the sub scale through auto scaling after 2
calculations.

Setting the Measurement Conditions

When this soft key is set to on and trace C is displayed, Sub Log or Sub Linear and Offset Level
change automatically. When these are changed, the displayed waveform is redrawn according to 3
the new scale.

Offset value of the sub scale (Offset Level) 4

This soft key is used to set the offset value. This soft key is valid when the sub scale is dB/D.
Selectable range: 0 dB to ±99.9 dB
You can set it in steps of 0.1. When you tap COARSE, you can set it in steps of 1. 5

Sub scale REF position (Sub Ref level Position)

This soft key is used to the sub scale REF position.
6
You can set the REF position at the specified division counted from the bottom of the screen.
Selectable range: 0 to 10
You can set it in steps of 1. When you tap COARSE, you can set it in steps of 1-2-5. 7

Bottom value of the linear sub scale (Scale Minimum)

8
This soft key is used to set the bottom value of the scale. This soft key is valid when the sub scale
is set to Linear or %.
The selectable ranges are as follows:
Linear: 0 to sub scale value (***.*/D)×10
9
%: 0 to sub scale value (***.*%/D)×10

App
Sub scale unit %/D (Sub Scale)
This soft key sets the sub scale to %.
Selectable range: 0.5 %/D to 125 %/D
Index
You can set it in steps of 0.1. When you tap COARSE, you can set it in steps of 1-2-5.
When you change this setting, the displayed waveform is redrawn according to the new scale.

Initializing the sub scale (Sub Scale Initialize)

This soft key returns only the sub scale to its original condition after the waveform is moved or
zoomed through dragging or pinching out or pinching in. This is not synchronized to the level scale
display.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 2-39
 2.7 Noise Reduction

Procedure
Setting the average times
1. Press SETUP. The Setup menu appears.
2. Tap Average Times. The AVERAGE TIMES setting window appears.
3. Enter the average times in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.

Setting smoothing
2. Press the More 1/2 soft key. The More 2/2 menu appears.
3. Tap Smoothing Off On to select On.

2-40 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 2.7 Noise Reduction

Explanation 1

Average times
This soft key is used to set the average times for each point. 2
Selectable range: 1 to 999

Setting the Measurement Conditions

You can set it in steps of 1. When you tap COARSE, you can set it in steps of 1-2-5.
3
Note
• You cannot set the average times when the trigger input mode is set to Smpl Enable Mode.
• If the average times is set to 2 or higher when pulse light measurement sampling is set to Gate Mode,
a warning message will appear, and pulse light measurement (Pulse Light Measure) will be turned off 4
automatically.

5
Smoothing
The smoothing function attenuates the noise in the measured waveform.
Waveforms with noise can be smoothed and measured. Note that when noise is superimposed
6
on sudden changes in the spectrum, the peaks and valleys of the spectrum are integrated thereby
reducing the measurement resolution. Therefore, do not leave the smoothing function turned on at
all times, but use it while checking its effects depending on the measured spectrum.
Also, if a relatively small number of samples is set relative to the sweep span (for example, when 7
UNCAL is displayed), smoothing may not be performed properly.

When smoothing is off When smoothing is on

8

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 2-41
Chapter 3 Measuring the Optical Spectrum

3.1 Measurement Precautions 1

Types of Optical Fibers 2

The instrument can use single mode optical fibers with core diameters of 5 to 9.5 μm, and
multimode (GI) optical fibers with core diameters of 50 and 62.5 μm. Functions may be limited or
restricted depending on which type of optical fiber is used. The table below shows which of the 3
typical types of fiber may be used and the limitations on their use.

Measuring the Optical Spectrum

Limitations on wavelength resolution 4
The maximum wavelength resolution for the instrument is 0.020 nm, which is only obtainable
when using a single-mode optical fiber with a core diameter of 9.5 μm or less. As shown in
Table, the maximum wavelength resolution decreases when optical fibers with thicker core 5
diameters are used.
Setting a resolution value finer than those shown in the table below will simply result in an
inaccurate measurement level without improving resolution. 6
Optical fibers with a thick core diameter are especially useful for inputting spatial light for
measurement, but they have poor resolution.
Choose the best type of optical fiber for your particular application.
7

Note that the instrument is designed for input through optical fiber only. It will not work with
inputs that do not pass through optical fiber, such as direct input of a gas laser beam to the 8
optical input connector, or bonding an LED to the optical input connector. It is important to note
that optical spectrum measurements taken through such inputs are completely unreliable.
For spatial light measurements, input the spatial light to the optical fiber and from the optical 9
fiber to the instrument. A variety of adapters are available for this purpose.

Summary of usable optical fiber types and usage limitations App

Optical fiber type Maximum wavelength Absolute level accuracy
Type Core diameter resolution [nm]
SM 5 0.020 NG
9.5 0.020 OK Index
GI 50 0.050 NG
62.5 0.050 NG
SI 50 0.050 NG
80 0.100 NG
100 0.200 NG
200 0.500 NG

IM AQ6370E-01EN 3-1
3.1 Measurement Precautions

Input Optical Fiber Numerical Aperture (NA) and Level

Measurement Values
The level measurement error of the instrument changes as shown in the figure below, according to
the numerical aperture (NA) of the optical fiber connected to the input connector. The instrument’s
absolute level is calibrated using a 9.5/125 μm single-mode optical fiber (SSMA type in JIS C6835,
with PC polishing, 9.5 μm mode field diameter, and 0.104 to 0.107 NA). If the NA value is not within
this range even for single mode optical fibers, the level accuracy is not guaranteed.

Input optical fiber numerical aperture and level error (typical characteristics)

0.50
0.40
0.30
Level error (dB)

0.20
0.10
0.00
−0.10
−0.20
−0.30
−0.40
−0.50
0.101 0.102 0.103 0.104 0.105 0.106 0.107 0.108 0.109 0.110
Numerical aperture

Absolute Level Accuracy

The instrument’s absolute level is calibrated with a 9.5 μm single-mode optical fiber.
The level accuracy when other optical fibers are used is not guaranteed.
Multimode (GI) fiber provides a relatively accurate spectrum if the light source is low-coherent
light such as white light, natural light, or an LED. If the light source has high coherency as in the
case of a laser beam, interference will occur inside the optical fiber, and the intensity distribution
of light radiating from the fiber tip will vary according to the fiber form. As a result, the spectrum
(measurement level) may fluctuate if the fiber is moved.
When an optical fiber with a large core diameter or large NA value is used, a low fraction of the light
emitted from the optical fiber is received. Therefore, the measurement level is lower than the true
value, but the optical spectrum is accurate in relative terms.

Level Accuracy below the Cutoff Wavelength (Short Wavelength)

of a Connected Optical Fiber
With wavelengths at or below the cutoff level of the connected fiber, light propagates through the
optical fiber in multiple modes. When high-coherent light from a light source such as a gas laser
or DFB-LD light source propagates in multiple modes, speckle noise contained in the optical
fiber output light may become unstable by the optical fiber’s form, resulting in an inaccurate
measurement level.
In such cases, improving the coupling between the light source and the optical fiber will lessen the
level inaccuracy.
3-2 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 3.1 Measurement Precautions

Measurement Sensitivity and Vertical Axis Effective Range 1

When the measurement sensitivity is set to NORMAL HOLD, the internal amplifier has a fixed gain.
Five different gains are set automatically according to the reference (REF) level setting. However,
the effective range of measurement data is limited to the following range, using the reference (REF) 2
level (dBm) as a reference.
REF – 20 dBm < (effective range) < REF + 10 dBm
If the level scale is set to 10 dB/DIV, the display would exceed the effective range, so the areas at
3
10 dB from the screen stop and 20 dB from the bottom are inaccurate.

Measuring the Optical Spectrum

When measurement sensitivity is set to NORMAL HOLD, we recommend setting the level scale to
5 dB/DIV or less. 4
Under the measurement sensitivity settings NORMAL AUTO, MID, and HIGH 1 to 3, an automatic
gain is used, permitting measurements over a wide level range through a single sweep. Select
the appropriate sensitivity level based on the light reception level required for the particular
5
measurement application.

Stray Light from the Monochromator 6

The instrument has a newly designed, high-performance monochromator. Depending on the
measurement conditions, stray light at a level 30 to 50 dB below the original spectrum, as well as
other stray light specific to the monochromator may occur in wavelength areas 100 to 200 nm from 7
the peak wavelength. If these stray lights have severe impact on measurements, you can use Chop
mode or HCDR mode in order to reduce their effects.

8
Stray light reduction by Chop mode
Stray light effects can be reduced by setting the sensitivity to “MID, HIGH 1~3” and the CHOP
MODE to SWITCH.
9
Waveform when CHOP mode is disabled Waveform when CHOP mode is enabled

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 3-3
3.1 Measurement Precautions

CHOP MODE
CHOP Feature Advantages Disadvantages
MODE
Off Measurement according to the stray Measurement time Since the stray light is also
light. is rapid even for measured, the low level
Stray light suppression ratio: 40 dB or high sensitivity component is not accurate
more measurements. if the light source is of high
power.
SWITCH Two sweeps per measurement are Short-duration If the measurement duration
performed. The first sweep measures measurement is long, it is influenced by
the stray light component, and high can be taken temporal changes in the
dynamic measurement is possible with stray light measured light.
through subtraction. removed.
Stray light suppression ratio: 60 dB or
more

Stray light reduction by HCDR mode

On high-performance models, setting the minimum resolution to 0.02 nm and HIGH CLOSE
- IN DYNAMIC RANGE to On reduces stray light near the peak and produces a sharper
measurement spectrum.

Waveform when HCDR mode is disabled Waveform when HCDR mode is enabled

Note
• Close-in dynamic range performance is improved by sweeping twice in one measurement and
performing waveform arithmetic processing.
• If the measurement time is long, the measurement is affected by variation in the measured light
source over time during the measurement.
• If the distance between two or more adjacent vertical modes is less than 0.4 nm, a warning
message is displayed and the measurement is stopped.

3-4 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 3.1 Measurement Precautions

Ripples in the 1350 nm to 1450 nm Areas 1

Water (OH-) ions present in the monochromator absorb light in the 1350 to 1450 nm area, resulting
in ripples in the measurement waveform. Either set a coarser resolution or use the monochromator
in a lower-humidity environment to reduce the amount of ripples. 2

Waveforms with Resolutions of 0.020 nm

When the resolution is set to 0.020 nm for measurements of a light source such as a DFB laser in 3
which with the spectral width is narrower than the instrument’s resolution, very small spikes may

Measuring the Optical Spectrum

occur at the skirts of the waveform. This type of spike occurs due to characteristics of the optical
block and is not an indication of any problem. Even if such spikes occur, satisfactory performance
in terms of resolution, dynamic range, and the like can be ensured. These spikes will disappear if 4
the resolution is set to a coarser value.

Brightness of the installation locationlight 9

The instrument’s shielding specifications indicate use in common office or factory environments (with
illumination of 300 to 1000 Ix). Therefore, depending on the illumination in the installation location,
the instrument may receive some ambient light which can affect measurements of light with App
small level measurement values. In such cases, turn lights around the instrument OFF to reduce
inaccuracies.
Index
Second-Order Diffracted Light
The monochromator in this instrument uses a diffraction grating, and when light in a certain
wavelength range is input, a “grating ghost” of second-order diffracted light appears.
Therefore, it is important to understand this distinctive characteristic in order to correctly analyze
the measured results from the instrument.
The graph below shows the correlation between the wavelength displayed on screen and the actual
wavelength.
The displayed wavelength is on the horizontal axis, with the true wavelength on the vertical axis.
The solid lines in the graph indicate correspondences between displayed and actual wavelengths.
The thick solid line is the correlation with the correct light spectrum (of course, the displayed
wavelength and actual wavelength match), and the thin solid line shows the correlation with the
ghost spectrum of the second-order diffracted light.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 3-5
3.1 Measurement Precautions

For example, if 633 nm light is input, a horizontal line is drawn at 633 nm on the vertical axis, and
the point of intersection on the graph of the line is the displayed wavelength. From this, you can
see that besides 633 nm, a grating ghost appears at 1266 nm.

Relationship between the Wavelength Displayed on Screen and the Actual Wavelength
1800

1700

1600
Actual wavelength (nm)

1500

1400

1300

1200

1100

1000

900

800
Second-order diffracted light

700
1266 nm
ex. 633 nm
600

500
500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800

Wavelength displayed on screen (nm)

Example of measurement in which second-order diffracted light appears at 1266 nm

The ghost spectrum of the second-order

diffracted light

3-6 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 3.2 Continuous Light Measurement (CW) 1

2
Procedure
Auto measurement
With auto measurement, measurements are made by automatically setting the optimal
3
measurement conditions for the light source to be measured.

Measuring the Optical Spectrum

Press AUTO. Auto measurement is executed. 4
(You can also do the same by tapping Auto on the Sweep menu that appears when you press SWEEP.)

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 3-7
3.2 Continuous Light Measurement (CW)

Starting a measurement (sweep)

1. Press REPEAT or SINGLE. Sweeping will begin.
(You can also do the same by tapping Repeat or Single on the Sweep menu that appears when you
press SWEEP.)
2. To set the sweep interval, press SWEEP and then tap Sweep Interval. A SWEEP INTERVAL
screen appears.
3. To stop sweeping, press STOP.
(You can also do the same by tapping Stop on the Sweep menu that appears when you press SWEEP.)

Sweep icon
Stop
Single
Repeat

Note
• You can also start and stop sweeping by clicking the sweep icon at the bottom of the screen.
• During a sweep, a sweep bar indicating the current sweep status is displayed below the horizontal axis.
• During a sweep, the sweep progress from the start wavelength to the sweep wavelength is indicated as
a percentage in the lower left corner of the screen.

3-8 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 3.2 Continuous Light Measurement (CW)

Specifying a sweep range 1

Sweeping between line markers

You can sweep between wavelength line markers 1 and 2. 2
1. Display wavelength line markers 1 and 2 at the boundaries of the range you want to
sweep.
For instructions on how to display them, see section 5.2.
3
2. Press SWEEP. The Sweep menu appears.

Measuring the Optical Spectrum

3. Tap Sweep Marker L1-L2. Each time you tap, the value switches between On and Off.
Select On.
4
4. Tap Repeat or Single. Sweeping will begin between the line markers.
5. To cancel, tap Sweep Marker L1-L2 to select Off. The sweep range will be set to the
entire range of the screen. 5
Line markers

Sweep range 9

Highlighted when Sweep Marker L1-L2 is On App

Note
• The instrument sweeps the waveform between line markers L1 and L2. Index
• If only L1 is set, the instrument sweeps from line marker 1 to the right edge of the screen.
• If only L2 is set, the instrument sweeps from the left edge of the screen to line marker 2.
• If neither L1 or L2 is set, the instrument sweeps from the specified start wavelength to the stop
wavelength.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 3-9
3.2 Continuous Light Measurement (CW)

Setting the sweep span to the interval between line markers

1. Display wavelength line markers 1 and 2. For details on wavelength line markers, see
section 5.2.
2. Press MARKER. The Marker menu appears.
3. Tap More to display the More 2/3 menu.
4. Tap Marker L1-L2 -> Span. The boundaries of the measurement sweep span are set to
the values corresponding to the difference between the wavelength line markers 1 and
2, and the measurement start wavelength and measurement end wavelength are also
changed.
A measurement sweep span setting window is also displayed, allowing you to change the
measurement sweep span if necessary. For details on th sweep span, see section 2.1.

Note
• The sweep span is set to the closest allowed value.
• When only L1 is set, the sweep span is set to the difference between the wavelengths of L1 and the right
edge of the screen, and the measurement start wavelength is set to the wavelength of L1.
• When only L2 is set, the sweep span is set to the difference between the wavelengths of the left edge of
the screen and L2, and the measurement stop wavelength is set to the wavelength of L2.
• The Marker L1-L2 -> Span soft key cannot be used under the following conditions.
• When both wavelength line markers 1 and 2 or off
• When the span of the active trace is 0 nm.

Measurement start wavelength Measurement stop wavelength Sweep span

3-10 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 3.2 Continuous Light Measurement (CW)

Explanation 1

Auto measurement
Auto measurement is possible on input light with a wavelength between 840 nm and 1670 nm. 2

The following four items are automatically set to make measurements.

• Center wavelength (frequency) (Center) 3
• Sweep span (Span)

Measuring the Optical Spectrum

• Reference level (Reference Level)
• Resolution (Resolution)
4
When an auto configuration of measurement conditions is completed in an auto sweep, the
sweep mode changes to repeat sweep. During auto configuration, only the REPEAT, SINGLE,
STOP, and UNDO/LOCAL (when in remote mode) keys are enabled. 5

Sweep interval
6
This function is used to set the time from the start of one sweep to the start of the next sweep.
If the time required for sweeping is greater than the specified time, the next sweeping is started
immediately after the current sweeping ends.
Tapping Sweep Interval shows the current time in the parameter setting window.
7
Selectable range: Minimum, 1 s to 99999 s (If you enter 0, the value is set to Minimum.)

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 3-11
 3.3 Pulse Light Measurement

Procedure
There are four ways to measure pulse light.
• Measurement in peak hold mode
• Measurement using gate sampling
• Measurement using external trigger mode (see section 3.4)
• Measurement in terms of the spectrum averaged over time (see the explanation)

Measurement in peak hold mode

Setting the peak hold value
1. Press SETUP. The Setup menu appears.
2. Tap More to display the More 2/2 menu.
3. Tap Pulse Light Measure.
4. Tap Peak Hold. The PEAK HOLD setting window appears.
5. Enter the peak hold value in the displayed window.
Enter a value longer than the period of the pulsed light to be measured as the peak hold value.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.

3-12 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 3.3 Pulse Light Measurement

Displaying the measured waveform 1

6. Press REPEAT or SINGLE. Sweeping starts, and the waveform is displayed.
(You can also do the same by tapping Repeat or Single on the Sweep menu that appears when
you press SWEEP.) 2
7. To stop sweeping, press STOP.
(You can also do the same by tapping Stop on the Sweep menu that appears when you press
SWEEP.)
3
Note

Measuring the Optical Spectrum

• There are measurement sensitivity settings that cannot be selected in peak hold mode. If any of
these values is selected when you tap Peak Hold, a warning message will be displayed, and the 4
setting will be changed automatically. For details, see “Example of changes made automatically
when you tap Peak Hold or Ext Trigger Mode” in the explanation. For details on measurement
sensitivity, see section 2.4.
• The appropriate sensitivity is determined according to the pulse width of the pulse light to be 5
measured. For details, see “Sensitivity settings and corresponding pulse widths” in the explanation.
• Set the peak hold value so that it is longer than the period of the pulse light to be measured.

6
Measurement using gate sampling
Setting the sampling interval time
7
1. Press SETUP. The Setup menu appears.
2. Tap More to display the More 2/2 menu.
3. Tap Pulse Light Measure. 8
4. Tap Gate Mode. A SAMPLE INTERVAL setting window appears.
5. Enter the sampling interval time in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide. 9

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 3-13
3.3 Pulse Light Measurement

Note
• You can select Gate Mode when Trig Input Mode under Trigger Setting is set to Smpl Trig Mode.
You cannot select it in Sweep Trig Mode or Smpl Enable Mode. For details on Trigger Setting, see
section 3.4.
• There are measurement sensitivity (Sensitivity), Chop mode, and average times (Average Times)
settings that cannot be selected in Gate Mode. If any of these values is selected when you tap
Gate Mode, a warning message will be displayed, and the setting will be changed automatically.
For details, see “Example of changes made automatically when you tap Gate Mode” in the
explanation. For details on measurement sensitivity and Chop mode, see section 2.4. For details
on average times, see section 2.7.

Setting the gate signal logic

6. Continuing from step 5, tap Gate Logic. Each time you tap, the value switches between
Posi and Nega.

Measurement using external trigger mode

See section 3.4.

Measurement in terms of the spectrum averaged over time

See the explanation.

3-14 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 3.3 Pulse Light Measurement

Explanation 1

Pulse Light Measure

This soft key is used to configure the pulse light measurement and set the external trigger mode. 2
Peak Hold
This soft key is used to set the peak hold value of the pulse light. The pulse light is measured based
on this value. 3
Selectable range: 1 ms to 9999 ms

Measuring the Optical Spectrum

Ext Trigger Mode
This soft key performs sampling in sync with an external trigger signal and measures the pulse 4
light.
For details on the external trigger feature, see section 1.1. For details on measurements using
external triggers, see section 3.4. 5
Gate Mode
When the external signal (gate signal) is active, this soft key performs sampling and measures the
pulse light. 6
To use this mode, you need to set the sampling interval and signal logic.

Example of changes made automatically when you tap Peak Hold or Ext Trigger Mode
Changed automatically to a setting suitable for measuring in peak hold mode or external trigger 7
mode. Be sure to check the settings after changes are made.
Setting
Item
Before change After change
N/AUTO(x2) N/AUTO 8
NORMAL(x2) NORMAL
MID(x2) MID
Measurement sensitivity HIGH1(x2) HIGH1
(Sensitivity) HIGH2(x2) HIGH2 9
HIGH3(x2) HIGH3
Changed automatically to a TRAD mode
MID/SMSR, HIGH1/SMSR
measurement sensitivity
HCDR mode
On Off App
(High Close-in Dynamic Range)

Example of changes made automatically when you tap Gate Mode

Changed automatically to a setting suitable for measuring in gate sampling mode. Be sure to check Index
the settings after changes are made.
Setting
Item
Before change After change
N/AUTO(x2) N/AUTO
NORMAL(x2) NORMAL
MID(x2) MID
Measurement sensitivity HIGH1(x2) HIGH1
(Sensitivity) HIGH2(x2) HIGH2
HIGH3(x2) HIGH3
Changed automatically to a TRAD mode
MID/SMSR, HIGH1/SMSR
measurement sensitivity
Chop mode SWITCH Off
Average times
2 or more 1
(Average Times)
HCDR mode
On Off
(High Close-in Dynamic Range)

IM AQ6370E-01EN 3-15
3.3 Pulse Light Measurement

Sensitivity settings and corresponding pulse widths

Measurable sensitivities are determined by the optical pulse width. Select the appropriate sensitivity
according to the pulse width from the following table.

Sensitivity settings and corresponding pulse widths

Sensitivity indication on the screen Corresponding
Sensitivity
Chop Mode Peak Hold Ext Trigger pulse width
setting Normal
setting setting (min.)
Peak: 100 µs
N/HOLD N/HOLD P-N/HOLD E-N/HOLD
Ext: 50 µs
N/AUTO N/AUTO P-N/AUTO E-N/AUTO 300 µs
NORMAL NORMAL P-NORMAL E-NORMAL 1 ms
Off
MID MID P-MID E-MID 3 ms
HIGH1 HIGH1 P-HIGH1 E-HIGH1 10 ms
HIGH2 HIGH2 P-HIGH2 E-HIGH2 50 ms
HIGH3 HIGH3 P-HIGH3 E-HIGH3 200 ms
MID MID/SW P-MID/SW E-MID/SW 3 ms
HIGH1 HIGH1/SW P-HIGH1/SW E-HIGH1/SW 10 ms
SWITCH
HIGH2 HIGH2/SW P-HIGH2/SW E-HIGH2/SW 50 ms
HIGH3 HIGH3/SW P-HIGH3/SW E-HIGH3/SW 200 ms

Spectrum measurement averaged over time

Pulse light can be measured as a spectrum averaged over time.
The average level of measured pulse light is displayed as the spectrum level.
For example, if the pulse light is a perfect rectangular wave, the measured level will be (peak level
of the pulse light [mW]) × (duty cycle of the pulse light). Thus, if the duty cycle of the pulse light is
small, the measured level will be low.
Specify the measurement sensitivity and the optimum average times required for pulse light
measurement. The measurable repetition frequency of pulse light varies depending on the
measurement sensitivity.
For N/HOLD to MID measurement sensitivities, lower repetition frequency can be measured by
increasing the average times. If average times is set to n, the measurable repetition frequency is
approximately 1/n for the frequencies in the next table.
Since errors increase at frequencies close to integer multiples or an integer fraction of 50.5 kHz, it
is recommended to use frequencies shifted by at least ±10%.

Sensitivity setting and measurable repetition frequency (when average times is 1)

Sensitivity setting Chop Mode Repetition frequency
N/HOLD 10 MHz
N/AUTO 1 MHz
NORMAL 200 kHz
MID Off 50 kHz
HIGH1 10 kHz
HIGH2 2 kHz
HIGH3 500 Hz
MID 50 kHz
HIGH1 10 kHz
SWITCH
HIGH2 2 kHz
HIGH3 500 Hz
These values are not guaranteed. When measuring, use these as values as guidelines.

3-16 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 3.3 Pulse Light Measurement

Gate sampling measurement 1

Gate sampling can be used to measure data only when the gate signal is active during sweeping.
By applying an external signal (gate signal) synchronized to the pulse light emission to the
instrument, you can efficiently measure pulse light.
2
Because the gate signal and the sampling time are asynchronous, not all light pulses may be
sampled when a single sweep is performed.
A full pulse light can be sampled and a complete waveform can be displayed by using the Max Hold 3
function and measuring several times using repeat sweep.

Measuring the Optical Spectrum

Sampling interval time
4
First sweep Sweeping

Pulse light
5

Gate signal
6
Sampling

Waveform display
7

Second sweep
8
Pulse light
(appears at a position
different from the first)
Gate signal 9
Sampling

Waveform display
App
The broken line shows the Max Hold waveform of the first sweep.

Because the instrument does not show data that is sampled when the gate
signal is inactive, the wavelength data during this period may be missed, but Index
because the sampling time and gate signal (pulse light) are asynchronous,
performing repeat sweep using the Max Hold feature eventually results in all
the waveform data in the span range to be shown.

nth waveform display

* For details on the Max Hold feature, see section 4.3.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 3-17
3.3 Pulse Light Measurement

Sampling interval time

Set the sampling interval time for sweeping.
Selectable range: 0.1 ms to 1000.0 ms (in steps of 0.1 ms).

An appropriate sampling interval must be set according to the measurement sensitivity.

Refer to the pulse widths corresponding to the sensitivities in the “Sensitivity settings and
corresponding pulse widths” table.

Gate signal logic

Use Gate Logic to set the gate signal logic.
Posi: Sampling is performed when the gate signal level is high.
Nega: Sampling is performed when the gate signal level is low.

This instrument has an external trigger input terminal on the rear panel. Apply a TTL level signal to
the trigger input terminal.

Note
• You cannot change the trigger condition in Gate Mode. For details on trigger conditions, see section 3.4.
• If you change any of the following settings in Gate Mode, a warning message will be displayed, and the
Pulse Light Measure setting will be changed automatically to Off.
• When the measurement sensitivity (Sensitivity) is changed to “Sweep speed: normalx2” or SMSR.
• When Chop mode is changed from Off to SWITCH
• When the average times (Average Times) is changed from 1 to 2 or more.
For details on sweep speed, see section 1.1.
For details on measurement sensitivity and Chop mode, see section 2.4. For details on average times,
see section 2.7.

3-18 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 3.4 Measurement Using External Triggers 1

2
Procedure
Setting the trigger input mode
3
1. Press SYSTEM. The System menu appears.

Measuring the Optical Spectrum

2. Tap More to display the More 2/4 menu.
3. Tap Trig Input Mode. 4
4. Tap Smpl Trig Mode to select the sample trigger mode. Tap Sweep Trig Mode to select the
sweep trigger mode. Tap Smpl Enable Mode to select the sample enable mode.
5
If you selected Sweep Trig Mode or Smpl Enable Mode, your are finished with this procedure.

Note App
• If you select sample trigger mode, set the measurement sensitivity to a “Sweep speed: normal” setting.
• If you select sweep trigger mode, set the measurement sensitivity to a “Sweep speed: normal” setting.
Pulse light measurement can be used only in Peak Hold Mode. It cannot be used in Ext Trigger Mode or
Gate Mode.
Index
• If you select sample enable mode, there is no limit to the sweep speed. Pulse light measurement cannot
be used.
• For details on sweep speed, see section 1.1. For details on pulse light measurement, see section 3.3.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 3-19
3.4 Measurement Using External Triggers

Selecting the external trigger mode (for Smpl Trig)

5. Press SETUP. The Setup menu appears.
6. Tap More to display the More 2/2 menu.
7. Tap Pulse Light Measure.
8. Tap Ext Trigger Mode. The mode is set to external trigger mode.

Setting the trigger conditions (for Smpl Trig)

9. Tap Trigger Setting. The Trigger Setting menu appears.
10. Tap Edge. The edge switches between rise and fall.
11. Tap Delay. A DELAY setting window appears.
12. Enter the delay time in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and how to set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started
Guide.

3-20 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 3.4 Measurement Using External Triggers

Note 1
• There are measurement sensitivity settings that cannot be selected in external trigger mode. If any of
these values is selected when you tap Ext Trigger Mode, a warning message will be displayed, and the
setting will be changed automatically. For details, see “Example of changes made automatically when
you tap Peak Hold or Ext Trigger Mode” in the explanation of section 3.3. For details on measurement 2
sensitivity, see section 2.4.
• When Average Times is set, sweeping stops when the number of input external trigger signals reaches
the number obtained by multiplying the specified sample times by the average times.
3

Explanation

Measuring the Optical Spectrum

The instrument starts data measurement or sweeping using an external signal as a trigger. 4
This instrument has an external trigger input terminal on the rear panel. Apply a TTL level signal to
the trigger input terminal. For details on the external trigger feature, see section 1.1.
5
Smpl Trig: This soft key starts a measurement based on an external trigger signal. You can
select whether to trigger the instrument on the rising or falling edge of the signal.
The instrument starts measuring about 20 μs after it is triggered.
Sweep Trig: This soft key starts a single sweep based on an external trigger signal. The
6
instrument will trigger on the falling edge of the signal.
Smpl Enable: This soft key starts a single or repeat sweep when the external trigger signal
level is low. The sweep is stopped when the signal level becomes high. If the 7
signal level becomes low again, the sweep starts from the point that it stopped
at.
8
Signal logic and delay time (for Smpl Trig)
Edge 9
This soft key is used to set the detection edge of the external trigger signal.
Rise: Rising edges are used as triggers.
Fall: Falling edges are used as triggers.
App
Delay ****µs
This soft key is used to set the delay time between the trigger signal edge detection and data
measurement.
Index
Setting range: 0 µs to 1000 µs (normal: 1 step, COARSE: 10 steps)

IM AQ6370E-01EN 3-21
3.4 Measurement Using External Triggers

Sensitivity settings and corresponding pulse widths

When Smpl Trig or Sweep Trig is selected
Measurable sensitivities are determined by the optical pulse width. Select the appropriate
sensitivity according to the pulse width from the following table.

Sensitivity settings and corresponding pulse widths

Sensitivity indication on the screen Corresponding
Sensitivity
Chop Mode Peak Hold Ext Trigger pulse width
setting Normal
setting setting (min.)
Peak: 100 µs
N/HOLD N/HOLD P-N/HOLD E-N/HOLD
Ext: 50 µs
N/AUTO N/AUTO P-N/AUTO E-N/AUTO 300 µs
NORMAL NORMAL P-NORMAL E-NORMAL 1 ms
Off
MID MID P-MID E-MID 3 ms
HIGH1 HIGH1 P-HIGH1 E-HIGH1 10 ms
HIGH2 HIGH2 P-HIGH2 E-HIGH2 50 ms
HIGH3 HIGH3 P-HIGH3 E-HIGH3 200 ms
MID MID/SW P-MID/SW E-MID/SW 3 ms
HIGH1 HIGH1/SW P-HIGH1/SW E-HIGH1/SW 10 ms
SWITCH
HIGH2 HIGH2/SW P-HIGH2/SW E-HIGH2/SW 50 ms
HIGH3 HIGH3/SW P-HIGH3/SW E-HIGH3/SW 200 ms

When Smpl Enable is selected

The minimum necessary pulse width of the external trigger input signal varies according to the
sensitivity setting. If the time that the external trigger input signal level is low is less than this
pulse width, the instrument cannot perform the sweep.

Sensitivity settings and minimum pulse widths

Sensitivity setting Minimum pulse width
N/HOLD 70 ms
N/AUTO 70 ms
NORMAL 70 ms
MID 70 ms
HIGH1 70 ms
HIGH2 100 ms
HIGH3 300 ms

3-22 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 3.5 Trigger Output 1

2
Procedure
Trigger output mode setting
3
1. Press SYSTEM. The System menu appears.

Measuring the Optical Spectrum

2. Tap More to display the More 2/4 menu.
3. Tap Trig Output Mode. The Trig Output Mode menu appears. 4
4. Tap Sweep Status.

9
Note
When pulse light measurement is selected, signals are not output from the trigger output terminal. Set
Pulse Light Measure to Off. See section 3.3.
App

Explanation
The instrument outputs a positive logic (high) signal when sweeping is in progress and a negative Index
logic (low) signal when sweeping is not in progress from the instrument’s TRIGGER OUT (trigger
output) terminal. The output signal is TTL level.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 3-23
 3.6 Analog Out

Procedure
Connecting to an oscilloscope

Coaxial cable
AQ6370E Oscilloscope

Input terminal

1. Press SETUP. The Setup menu appears.

2. Tap Sensitivity to display the Sensitivity menu.
3. Tap Sensitivity Select. The Sensitivity Select menu appears.
4. Tap N/HOLD. N/HOLD appears under Sensitivity Select.

5. Press REPEAT or SINGLE. Sweeping will begin, and analog voltage will be output.
(You can also do the same by tapping Repeat or Single on the Sweep menu that appears when you
press SWEEP.)

Note
• Analog out is enabled only when the sensitivity is set to N/HOLD.
• When the input light level is high, the output voltage level will saturate.

3-24 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 3.6 Analog Out

Explanation 1
The instrument outputs from its ANALOG OUT terminal on the rear panel an analog voltage
according to the input light.
You can use an oscilloscope to observe the changes in the input light over time. 2

The saturation level and noise level will vary depending on the specified REF level.
The following table shows the relationship between the REF level and saturation level. 3

Measuring the Optical Spectrum

Relationship between the REF level and saturation level
REF LEVEL (dBm or dBm/nm) Saturation level* (dBm) 4
0 < REF 23 dBm or more
–10 < REF <= 0 13 dBm or more
–20 < REF <= –10 3 dBm or more
–30 < REF <= –20 –7 dBm or more 5
REF <= –30 –17 dBm or more
*At a wavelength between 1450 nm and 1620 nm

ANALOG OUT specifications 6

Output saturation voltage +2 V or more
Load 1 kΩ or more

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 3-25
Chapter 4 Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

4.1 Zooming the Waveform Display 1

2
Procedure
You can zoom a waveform in the following ways:
• Setting the zoom center wavelength and display sweep span
3
• Setting the zoom start wavelength and stop wavelength
• Specifying the range with wavelength line markers
• Specifying the range with the mouse
• Pinching out and pinching in (see section 4.5 in the Getting Started Guide)
4

Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

The procedure when the horizontal scale unit is set to frequency (THz) is the same as when the
horizontal scale unit is set to wavelength (nm). 5
For details on setting the horizontal scale unit, see section 2.1.

Setting the zoom center wavelength and display sweep span 6

1. Press ZOOM. The Zoom menu appears.

7
Setting the zoom center wavelength to the peak wavelength of the
displayed waveform
2. Tap Peak -> Zoom Ctr. The zoom center wavelength is set to the peak wavelength.
Proceed to step 4.
8

Setting the zoom center wavelength to a specified wavelength

9
2. Tap Zoom Center. The ZOOM CENTER setting window appears.
3. Enter the zoom center wavelength in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.
App
Setting the display sweep span (zoom display range)
4. Tap Zoom Span. The ZOOM SPAN setting window appears.
Index
5. Enter the display sweep span in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.

Unzooming
6. Tap Initialize.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 4-1
4.1 Zooming the Waveform Display

Setting the zoom start wavelength and stop wavelength

1. Press ZOOM. The Zoom menu appears.
2. Tap Zoom Start. The ZOOM START setting window appears.
3. Enter the zoom start wavelength in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.
4. Tap Zoom Stop. The ZOOM STOP setting window appears.
5. Enter the zoom stop wavelength in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.

Note
If you enter a value outside the setting range, the closest allowed value is assigned.

Example of displayed waveform

Set the zoom center wavelength.

Set the sweep span to be displayed.

Set the zoom start wavelength.
Set the zoom stop wavelength.
Sets the center wavelength of the
zoom display to the peak wavelength

Initializes the display scale

The overview window shows

the zoom area (Zoom Area)
with a dotted frame.

ZOOMING appears when the display scale is changed (when the waveform is zoomed).

Specifying the range with wavelength line markers

1. Display wavelength line markers 1 and 2.
For details on wavelength line markers, see section 5.2.
2. Press MARKER. The Marker menu appears.
3. Tap More to display the More 2/3 menu.
4. Tap Marker L1-L2 -> Span. The waveform is zoomed according to the value between
the wavelength line markers 1 and 2. A ZOOM SPAN setting window is also displayed,
allowing you to change the zoom display sweep span if necessary.

Note
• If only L1 is set, the zoom range is from wavelength line marker 1 to the right edge of the screen.
If only L2 is set, the zoom range is from the left edge of the screen to wavelength line marker 2.
• The zoom range boundaries are set to allowed values closest to the values of L1 and L2.
• The Marker L1-L2 -> Zoom Span soft key cannot be used under the following conditions.
• When both wavelength line markers 1 and 2 or off
• When the span of the active trace is 0 nm.

4-2 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 4.1 Zooming the Waveform Display

Specifying the range with the mouse 1

1. In the waveform display area, drag the area you want to zoom with the mouse left button.
The area is displayed with a dotted frame (zoom area).
2
2. When you release the left mouse button, the dotted frame is zoomed.

Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

5
Drag the mouse in the
waveform display area to
set the zoom area.
6

7
Zoom

App

The overview window shows Index

the zoom area (Zoom Area)
with a dotted frame.

ZOOMING appears when the display scale is changed (when the waveform is zoomed).

Note
• If you change the display scale to a value different from the measurement scale, ZOOMING appears
on screen. Also, an overview window that shows the measurement scale is displayed in a corner of the
measurement screen.
• The overview window shows the zoom area with a dotted frame.
• The display scale is independent of the measurement scale.
• Changing the zoom function settings does not change the measurement conditions.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 4-3
4.1 Zooming the Waveform Display

Configuring the overview window

When the waveform display is enlarged or reduced using the zoom function and the following
settings are made, an overview window is displayed at the very bottom of the waveform display
area (only displayed when a zoom is in use).

Showing and hiding the window and setting the display position
1. Press ZOOM. The Zoom menu appears.
2. Tap Overview Display. Each time you tap, the window changes between hidden (Off),
displayed on the left (L), and displayed on the right (R).

Setting the window size

The window size is fixed. It cannot be changed.

Example of a screen with Overview Display set to L

Overview window

Moving the zoom area with the mouse

You can use a mouse to move the zoom area in the overview window.
1. Move the mouse pointer into the overview window.
2. Drag the dotted zoom area in the overview window.
The mouse pointer will change to a hand icon during this process.

Note
• You can unzoom by double-clicking the overview window.
• For information on power measurement inside the zoom area, see section 6.1.

4-4 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 4.1 Zooming the Waveform Display

Explanation 1

Zoom center wavelength (frequency)

Wavelength display sweep span (frequency) 2
Zoom start wavelength (frequency)
Zoom stop wavelength (frequency)
Set the horizontal scale to nm or THz using the horizontal scale settings in section 2.1. The 3
display mode switches between wavelength display and frequency display according to the setting.
The selectable ranges for each item are as follows:

4
Display mode Zoom center Display sweep span Zoom start Zoom stop
Wavelength

Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

600.000 to 1700.000 0, 0.1 to 1100.0 50.000 to 1699.950 600.050 to 2250.000
(nm)
Frequency
(THz)
176.5000 to 500.0000 0, 0.01 to 330.000 11.5000 to 499.9950 176.5050 to 665.0000 5
Value steps
• Sweep span
When COARSE is selected, you can change the value in 1-2-5 steps. Otherwise, you can 6
change the value in steps of 1 nm (0.1 THz).
• Zoom center, zoom start, zoom stop
When COARSE is selected, you can change the values in steps of 1 nm (0.1 THz). 7
Otherwise, you can change the value in steps of 0.1 nm (0.01 THz).

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 4-5
4.1 Zooming the Waveform Display

Relationship between zoom center wavelength, wavelength

display sweep span, zoom start wavelength, and zoom stop
wavelength (the same for frequency)
Wavelength display sweep span

Zoom start Zoom center Zoom stop

wavelength wavelength wavelength

Note
• When you change the wavelength display sweep span, the zoom start wavelength and zoom stop
wavelength will change. The zoom center wavelength will not change.
• When you change the zoom center wavelength, the zoom start wavelength and zoom stop wavelength
will change. The wavelength display sweep span will not change.
• When you set the zoom start wavelength or zoom stop wavelength, the wavelength display sweep span
will change because the other wavelength does not change. The center zoom wavelength will also
change.
• The above description also applies to the frequency display modes.

4-6 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 4.2 Holding the Waveform Display 1

2
Procedure
Selecting a trace to update or fix
1.
3
Press TRACE. The Trace menu appears.
2. Tap Active Trace. The Active Trace menu appears.
In the following explanation, trace B is used as an example. 4
3. Tap trace B.

Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

The active trace is set to the trace B, and the following operation will be applied to it.
4. Tap View B to select DISP. 5
The trace B’s trace area display changes to /DSP.

Updating the waveform

6
5. Tap Write B.
The trace B’s trace area display changes to WRITE.
6. Make a measurement. The waveform data will be updated.
7
Fixing the waveform
5. Tap Fix B.
The trace B’s trace area display changes to FIX.
8
6. The waveform data will be fixed. When a measurement is made, the waveform data will not be
updated.

Updates the waveform Fixes the waveform

9
WRITE /DSP FIX /DSP

App

Trace
area Index

Note
• Only a single trace can be the active trace. If you need to change several traces, change them one at a
time.
• If all traces are set to FIX, a warning message will appear, and you will not be able to make
measurements.
• For details on the trace feature, see section 1.2.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 4-7
4.2 Holding the Waveform Display

Explanation
Active trace
An active trace is a trace in a state that allows it to be set, changed, analyzed, and so on.
A trace shows a waveform and measurement conditions. The instrument has a total of seven
independent traces (A through G). You can show or hide each trace or display several traces
simultaneously on the waveform screen.

Active Trace…ABCDEFG
These soft keys are used to select the active trace from traces A to G.

Displaying traces
You can select whether to display the active trace on the screen.

View @…DISP/BLANK
View @ DISP: The waveform is displayed on the screen. The trace display changes to DSP.
View @ BLANK: The waveform is not displayed on the screen. The trace display changes to BLK.
Each time you tap, the value switches between View @ DISP and View @ BLANK.
If you select BLANK, markers set on the trace will be cleared.
The ampersand (@) indicates the selected trace. It is set to one of the letters from A to G.

Write mode
Write @
This soft key sets the active trace to write mode.
When a trace is set to write mode, waveform data is written to it and updated during measurement.
The trace display changes to WRITE.
The ampersand (@) indicates the selected trace. It is set to one of the letters from A to G.

Fix mode
FIX @
This soft key sets the active trace to data fix mode.
When a trace is set to this mode, its waveform data do not change even when a measurement is
made. As such, the waveform on the screen is not redrawn. The trace display changes to FIX. If
you tap FIX during sweeping, the waveform display is fixed at that point.
The ampersand (@) indicates the selected trace. It is set to one of the letters from A to G.

4-8 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 4.3 Holding the Maximum or Minimum Waveform 1
Display
2
Procedure
Selecting a trace to hold
3
1. Press TRACE. The Trace menu appears.
2. Tap Active Trace. The Active Trace menu appears.

In the following explanation, trace B is used as an example.

4
3.

Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

Tap trace B.
The active trace is set to the trace B, and the following operation will be applied to it.
5
4. Tap View B to select DISP.
The trace B’s trace area display changes to /DSP. For details on the trace area, see section 4.2.

6
Holding the maximum or minimum value
5. Tap Hold B. The Hold menu appears.
6. To hold the maximum value, tap Max Hold. 7
The trace B’s trace area display changes to MAX HOLD.
To hold the minimum value, tap Min Hold.
The trace B’s trace area display changes to MIN HOLD.
8
7. Make a measurement.
If Max Hold is selected, the waveform data is updated when the measured value is greater than the
previous value.
If Min Hold is selected, the waveform data is updated when the measured value is less than the previous 9
value.

App

Index

Note
Max Hold/Min Hold is valid only when the sweep mode is Repeat. It does not work if you repeat single
sweeps.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 4-9
 4.4 Averaging the Waveform Display

Procedure
Selecting a trace to average
1. Press TRACE. The Trace menu appears.
2. Tap Active Trace. The Active Trace menu appears.

In the following explanation, trace B is used as an example.

3. Tap trace B.
The active trace is set to the trace B, and the following operation will be applied to it.
4. Tap View B to select DISP.
The trace B’s trace area display changes to /DSP. For details on the trace area, see section 4.2.

Setting the average times

5. Tap Roll Average B. The ROLL AVERAGE setting window appears.
The trace B’s trace area display changes to ROLL AVG.
6. Enter the average times in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.
7. Make a measurement. The sweep average value is updated each time a measurement is
made.

Note
You can set the average times between 2 and 100.

4-10 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 4.4 Averaging the Waveform Display

Explanation 1
When a trace is set to Roll Average mode, each time a measurement is made, the sweep average
of the current measurement and past measurements is calculated, and the measurement data is
updated. 2
Averaging is performed using the following formula.
Wj(i) = Wj-1(i)•(n – 1)/n + W(i)•1/n (i=1, 2, ..., N)
3
Wj (i): newly displayed waveform
Wj-1(i): previously displayed waveform
W (i): newly obtained waveform 4
N: number of samples

Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

n: average times

5
Note
• Sweep averaging is not affected by the noise mask value. Noise mask is executed when the sweep
average results are displayed.
• If Chop Mode is set to SWITCH and the measurement sensitivity settings, two sweeps are made for 6
every count.

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 4-11
 4.5 Calculating the Waveform Display

Procedure
Selecting traces for calculation
1. Press TRACE. The Trace menu appears.
2. Tap Active Trace. The Active Trace menu appears.
3. Tap trace C, F, or G, which can be used for trace-to-trace calculation.
The calculated results are displayed in the selected trace.
Calculations that can be performed differ depending on the trace selected.

In the following explanation, trace C is used as an example.

4. Tap View C to select DISP.
The trace C’s trace area display changes to /DSP. For details on the trace area, see section 4.2.

Selecting a calculation
5. Tap Calculate C. The Calculate menu appears.
6. To perform log calculations, tap Log Math. The Log Math menu appears.
The trace C’s trace area display changes.
To perform linear calculations, tap Linear Math. The Linear Math menu appears.
The trace C’s trace area display changes.
7. On the menu that appears, tap the calculation item. The selected calculation is executed.
Log Math Linear
menu Math menu

Note
• Trace-to-trace calculations can only be performed on C, F, or G. When Active Trace is set to Trace C, F,
or G, the Calculate soft key is enabled.
• If the calculation trace is remeasured or if the measurement center wavelength or measurement span is
changed, the calculation is performed again and the results are displayed.
• If the measurement condition (resolution) of the calculation trace is in conflict, a warning message is
displayed.

4-12 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 4.5 Calculating the Waveform Display

Explanation 1

Executable trace-to-trace calculations

Trace C 2
LOG calculation: A–B, B–A, A+B
Linear calculation: A+B, A–B, B–A, 1–k(A/B), 1–k(B/A)
Trace F 3
LOG calculation: C–D, D–C, C+D, D–E, E–D, D+E
Linear calculation: C+D, C–D, D–C, D+E, D–E, E–D
Power/NBW (A, B, C, D, E) 4
Trace G

Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

LOG calculation: C–F, F–C, C+F, E–F, F–E, E+F
Linear calculation: C+F, C–F, F–C, E+F, E–F, F–E
5
Normalize (A, B, C)
Curve Fit (A, B, C)
Marker Fit
Peak Curve Fit (A, B, C)
6
Calculation results are written to their corresponding traces.

7
Details of calculation
The following are explanations given for traces C, F, and G.
8
Trace C: Calculate C
Log Math
This function performs LOG calculations on trace-to-trace data and writes the results to 9
trace C.
Calculations can be applied to trace A and trace B.
App
C=A–B(LOG) Subtracts trace B from trace A in LOG form.
C=B–A(LOG) Subtracts trace A from trace B in LOG form.
C=A+B(LOG) Adds trace A and trace B in LOG form.
Index
The calculation results are displayed with a sub scale. The scale for the calculation results
is displayed on the left or right side of the screen. For details on sub scales, see section 2.6.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 4-13
4.5 Calculating the Waveform Display

Linear Math
This function performs linear calculations on trace-to-trace data and writes the results to
trace C.
Calculations can be applied to trace A and trace B.

C=A+B(LIN) Adds trace A and trace B in linear form.

C=A–B(LIN) Subtracts trace B from trace A in linear form.
C=B–A(LIN) Subtracts trace A from trace B in linear form.
C=1–k(A/B) Given trace A and trace B, calculates 1–k(A/B).
Calculates 1 – k × (trace A/Trace B) (linear value), and writes the results
to trace C.
The coefficient k can be changed in the range of 1.0000 to 20000.0000 (in
steps of 0.0001). If COARSE is enabled in the setting window, you can
change the value in 1-2-5 steps.
The coefficient k setting applies to both the <C=1–k(A/B)> calculation and
<C=1–k(B/A)> calculation.
The display in the trace area changes to 1–k(A/B).
C=1–k(B/A) Given trace A and trace B, calculates 1–k(B/A).
Calculates 1 – k × (trace B/Trace A) (linear value), and writes the results
to trace C.
The display in the trace area changes to 1–k(B/A).

The calculation results of C=A+B(LIN), C=A–B(LIN), and C=B–A(LIN) are displayed using
the main scale.
The calculation results of C=1–k(A/B) and C=1–k(B/A) are displayed with a sub scale. For
details on main scale, see section 2.5. For details on sub scale, see section 2.6.

4-14 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 4.5 Calculating the Waveform Display

Specific Examples 1
<C=1–k(A/B)> and <C=1–k(B/A)> can be applied to a DUT to estimate the transmission
efficiency from the reflection light spectrum or estimate the reflectivity from the transmission
light spectrum. 2
(1) Estimating the transmission efficiency (Trace C) from the reflected light spectrum (Trace
A)
Transmitted light spectrum (Trace C) = 1 – k(Trace A/Trace B)
3

Transmitted light
Trace B 4

Trace C

Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

Trace A
Reflected light
DUT (e.g., filter) 5

(2) Estimating the reflectivity (Trace C) from the transmitted light spectrum (Trace A)
Reflected light spectrum (Trace C) = 1 – k(Trace A/Trace B) 6

Transmitted light

Trace B 7
Trace A

Trace C DUT (e.g., filter)

Reflected light 8
The value of k is an absorption coefficient which is used in determining the DUT reflectivity
and transmission efficiency. Different algorithms are used depending on whether
transmission efficiency or reflectivity is estimated, so the k value also varies accordingly.
9
The following equation can be used to determine kr and kt. In the equation, Pin is the level
prior to DUT input; Pout is the level after DUT input; Pre is the DUT reflection level; kr is the
absorption coefficient used to determine the reflectivity; and kt is the absorption coefficient App
used to determine the transmission efficiency. (Each level is a linear value.)
Estimating the reflected light spectrum from the transmitted light spectrum
kt = (Pin – Pre)/Pout Index
Estimating the transmitted light spectrum from the reflected light spectrum
kr = (Pin – Pout)/Pre

IM AQ6370E-01EN 4-15
4.5 Calculating the Waveform Display

Trace F: Calculate F
Log Math
This function performs LOG calculations on trace-to-trace data and writes the results to
trace F.
Calculations can be applied to trace C, trace D, and trace E.

F=C–D(LOG) Subtracts trace D from trace C in LOG form.

F=D–C(LOG) Subtracts trace C from trace D in LOG form.
F=C+D(LOG) Adds trace C and trace D in LOG form.
F=D–E(LOG) Subtracts trace E from trace D in LOG form.
F=E–D(LOG) Subtracts trace D from trace E in LOG form.
F=D+E(LOG) Adds trace D and trace E in LOG form.

The calculation results are displayed with a sub scale. The scale for the calculation results
is displayed on the left or right side of the screen. For details on sub scales, see section 2.6.

Linear Math
This function performs linear calculations on trace-to-trace data and writes the results to
trace F.
Calculations can be applied to trace C, trace D, and trace E.

F=C+D(LIN) Adds trace C and trace D in linear form.

F=C–D(LIN) Subtracts trace D from trace C in linear form.
F=D–C(LIN) Subtracts trace C from trace D in linear form.
F=D+E(LIN) Adds trace D and trace E in linear form.
F=D–E(LIN) Subtracts trace E from trace D in linear form.
F=E–D(LIN) Subtracts trace D from trace E in linear form.

The calculation results are displayed using the main scale.

Power/NBW
See section 4.8.

Trace G: Calculate G
Log Math
This function performs LOG calculations on trace-to-trace data and writes the results to
trace G.
Calculations can be applied to trace C, trace E, and trace F.

G=C–F(LOG) Subtracts trace F from trace C in LOG form.

G=F–C(LOG) Subtracts trace C from trace F in LOG form.
G=C+F(LOG) Adds trace C and trace F in LOG form.
G=E–F(LOG) Subtracts trace F from trace E in LOG form.
G=F–E(LOG) Subtracts trace E from trace F in LOG form.
G=E+F(LOG) Adds trace E and trace F in LOG form.

The calculation results are displayed with a sub scale. The scale for the calculation results
is displayed on the left or right side of the screen. For details on sub scales, see section 2.6.

4-16 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 4.5 Calculating the Waveform Display

Linear Math 1
This function performs linear calculations on trace-to-trace data and writes the results to
trace G.
Calculations can be applied to trace C, trace E, and trace F. 2
G=C+F(LIN) Adds trace C and trace F in linear form.
G=C–F(LIN) Subtracts trace F from trace C in linear form.
G=F–C(LIN) Subtracts trace C from trace F in linear form. 3
G=E+F(LIN) Adds trace E and trace F in linear form.
G=E–F(LIN) Subtracts trace F from trace E in linear form.
G=F–E(LIN) Subtracts trace E from trace F in linear form. 4
The calculation results are displayed using the main scale.

Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

Normalize
This is one of the calculations that normalizes trace data. This function writes the
5
normalized result in trace G and displays it. One of the following traces can be normalized:
trace A, trace B, or trace C.
The peak of the normalized waveform is 1 if trace G is set to linear scale or 0 dB if it is set 6
to LOG scale. Data is displayed when sweeping is finished to the end.
The trace area display changes to NORM @.

G=NORM A Normalizes trace A and writes the normalized data to trace G. 7

G=NORM B Normalizes trace B and writes the normalized data to trace G.
G=NORM C Normalizes trace C and writes the normalized data to trace G.
8
The calculation results are displayed with a sub scale. The scale for the calculation results
is displayed on the left or right side of the screen. For details on sub scales, see section 2.6.

Curve Fit 9
See section 4.7.

Marker Fit
See section 4.7. App
Peak Curve Fit
See section 4.7.
Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 4-17
 4.6 Normalizing the Waveform Display

Procedure
1. Press TRACE and then tap Active Trace to select G.
2. Tap View G to select DISP.
3. Tap Calculate G. The Calculate menu appears.
4. Tap Normalize. The Normalize menu appears.
5. To normalize trace A, select G=NORM A. To normalize trace B, select G=NORM B. To
normalize trace C, select G=NORM C.

Example of waveform before normalization

Example of waveform after normalization

Note
• Normalization is not possible if the waveform level is low.
• For details on normalization, see section 4.5.

4-18 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 4.7 Curve Fitting the Waveform Display 1

2
Procedure
Setting the target trace
3
1. Press TRACE and then tap Active Trace to select G.
2. Tap View G to select DISP.
3. Tap Calculate G. The Calculate menu appears. 4
4. Tap Curve Fit. The Curve Fit menu appears.

Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

5. To curve fit trace A, select G=CRV FIT A. To curve fit trace B, select G=CRV FIT B. To curve
fit trace C, select G=CRV FIT C. To curve fit markers, select G=MKR FIT. 5

Note
If a warning message appears when you select G=MKR FIT, check that: App
• The threshold value is set properly.
• The necessary number of markers are placed for the selected curve fitting algorithm.

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 4-19
4.7 Curve Fitting the Waveform Display

Setting the calculation target range

6. Tap Threshold. A THRESH setting window appears.
7. Enter the threshold value in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.
8. Tap Operation Area to select the calculation target range.

Entire range

Inside L1 and L2
Outside L1 and L2

Note
For details on the calculation target range, see the explanation.

Selecting the curve fitting algorithm

9. Tap Fitting Algorithm to select the curve fitting algorithm you want to use.

Note
For details on the curve fitting algorithm, see the explanation.

4-20 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 4.7 Curve Fitting the Waveform Display

Peak curve fitting 1

4. Continuing from step 3, tap Peak Curve Fit. The Peak Curve Fit menu appears.
5. To peak curve fit trace A, select G=PKCVFIT A. To peak curve fit trace B, tap G=PKCVFIT B. 2
To peak curve fit trace C, tap G=PKCVFIT C.
The rest of the procedure is the same as for curve fitting.

Example of a screen that appears when peak curve fitting is in

3
progress with the curve fitting algorithm set to GAUSS

Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

5

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 4-21
4.7 Curve Fitting the Waveform Display

Explanation
Curve fit target range
Curve fitting is applied to the specified trace waveform, and the results are drawn in trace G.
Calculations are performed on data from the threshold to the peak.
Set the threshold between 0 dB and 99 dB (in steps of 1).
The trace area display changes to CRV FIT @ and MKR FIT.

Curve fit target trace

G=CRV FIT A: Applies curve fitting to trace A.
G=CRV FIT B: Applies curve fitting to trace B.
G=CRV FIT C:Applies curve fitting to trace C.
G=MKR FIT: Applies curve fitting to the placed markers using the current measurement scale.
Curve fitting is applied even when markers are placed on different traces.

Example of a curve-fitted waveform (data range: OUTSIDE L1-L2)

Example of a marker-fitted waveform (data range: ALL)

4-22 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 4.7 Curve Fitting the Waveform Display

Peak curve fit target range 1

Peak curve fitting is applied to the specified trace waveform, and the results are drawn in trace G.
Calculations are performed on mode peaks that are greater than or equal to the threshold.
Set the threshold between 0 dB and 99 dB (in steps of 1).
2
The trace area display changes to PKCVFIT @.

Peak curve fit target trace 3

G=PKCVFIT A: Applies peak curve fitting to trace A.
G=PKCVFIT B: Applies peak curve fitting to trace B.
G=PKCVFIT C: Applies peak curve fitting to trace C. 4

Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

Range of target data for calculation
Vertical axis 5
Curve fit: Data from the threshold to the peak.
Peak curve fit: Mode peaks that are greater than or equal to the threshold.
Horizontal scale 6
ALL: Includes all data in the calculation target trace in the calculation.
INSIDE L1-L2: Includes the data between the line markers in the calculation.
OUTSIDE L1-L2: Includes the data outside the line markers in the calculation. 7
When INSIDE L1- L2 is selected
: Calculation target range

Line marker 1 Line marker 2 Line marker 1 Line marker 2 Line marker 1 = Line marker 2 App
or or
Line marker 2 Line marker 1

Index
When OUTSIDE L1- L2 is selected : Calculation target range

Line marker 1 Line marker 2 Line marker 1 Line marker 2 Line marker 1 = Line marker 2
or or
Line marker 2 Line marker 1

IM AQ6370E-01EN 4-23
4.7 Curve Fitting the Waveform Display

Curve fitting algorithm

Soft key display Function
GAUSS Normal distribution curve
LORENZ Lorenz curve
3RD POLY 3rd order polynomial
4TH POLY 4th order polynomial
5TH POLY 5th order polynomial

Note
If G=MKR FIT is selected, fitting cannot be performed if only a small number of markers are placed.
A warning message appears when the number of markers is as follows. WARNING: 111 <G=MKR
FIT>failed
GAUSS,LORENZ: Fewer than three markers
3RD POLY: Fewer than four markers
4TH POLY: Fewer than five markers
5TH POLY: Fewer than six markers

4-24 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 4.8 Displaying Power Spectral Density Waveforms 1

2
Procedure
1. Press TRACE and then tap Active Trace to select F.
2. Tap View F to select DISP. 3
3. Tap Calculate F. The Calculate menu appears.
4. Tap Power/NBW. The Power/NBW menu appears.
4
5. To display the power spectral density of trace A, tap F=Pwr/NBW A.
To display the power spectral density of trace B, tap F=Pwr/NBW B.

Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

To display the power spectral density of trace C, tap F=Pwr/NBW C.
5
To display the power spectral density of trace D, tap F=Pwr/NBW D.
To display the power spectral density of trace F, tap F=Pwr/NBW F.
6. Tap Bandwidth. A BANDWIDTH window appears. 6
7. Enter the bandwidth in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.
7

App

Index

Explanation
The power spectral density waveform display shows the power per specified band.
Selectable range: 0.1 nm to 10 nm (in 0.1 nm steps)

Vertical scale unit

Vertical scale units, namely dBm/nm, mW/nm, μW/nm, nW/nm, and pW/nm, are units for displaying
power per nanometer. If trace F is set to Power/NBW, they are automatically changed to dBm, mW,
μW, nW, and pW. If trace F is set to Power/NBW and you change the vertical scale to dBm/nm,
mW/nm, μW/nm, nW/nm, pW/nm, trace F will switch to FIX mode, and the waveform will no longer
be updated. For details on the vertical scale unit, see section 2.5.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 4-25
 4.9 Searching Waveforms

Procedure
Single search
Setting the active trace
1. Press TRACE and then tap Active Trace to set the search target trace to the active
trace.
2. Tap View of the selected trace to select DISP.
Selecting the single search
3. Press PEAK SEARCH. A Peak Search menu appears.
4. Tap More to display the More 2/2 menu.
5. Tap Search Mode to select SINGL.
By default, SINGL (single search) is selected.
Peak search
6. Continuing from step 5, tap More to display the More 1/2 menu.
7. Tap Peak Search. A moving marker is placed at the peak (maximum value) of the
waveform, and the marker values are displayed in the data area.
Bottom search
7. Continuing from step 6, tap Bottom Search. A moving marker is placed at the bottom
(minimum value) of the waveform, and the marker value is displayed in the data area.

Data area ▼: Moving marker

Note
• If the active trace is not set to DISP, you cannot use the moving marker.
Set View @ DISP BLANK under Trace to DISP.

4-26 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 4.9 Searching Waveforms

Setting the Minimum Peak/Bottom Difference of the Mode Judgment 1

Reference
1. Press PEAK SEARCH. A Peak Search menu appears.
2. Tap More to display the More 2/2 menu.
2
3. Tap Mode Diff. The MODE DIFF setting window appears.
4. Enter the minimum peak/bottom difference of the mode judgment reference in the
displayed window.
3
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.

Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

5

8
Searching for the next peak/bottom level
5. Continuing from step 4, tap More to display the More 1/2 menu.
9
6. When the moving marker is displayed at the peak or bottom of the waveform, tap Next
Level Search. On the marker trace waveform, the moving marker at the peak or bottom
is moved to the next peak (local maximum value) or bottom (local minimum value).
App
Searching for the level peak/bottom to the right of the moving marker
5. Continuing from step 4, tap More to display the More 1/2 menu.
Index
6. When the moving marker is displayed at the peak or bottom of the waveform, tap Next
Search Right. The moving marker is moved to the next peak (local maximum value) or
bottom (local minimum value) on the right.

Searching for the level peak/bottom to the left of the moving marker
5. Continuing from step 4, tap More to display the More 1/2 menu.
6. When the moving marker is displayed at the peak or bottom of the waveform, tap Next
Search Left. The moving marker is moved to the next peak (local maximum value) or
bottom (local minimum value) on the left.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 4-27
4.9 Searching Waveforms

Auto search
1. Press PEAK SEARCH. A Peak Search menu appears.
2. Tap More to display the More 2/2 menu.
3. Tap Auto Search to select On.

Highlighted when Auto Search is selected

Multi search
Setting the active trace
1. Press TRACE and then tap Active Trace to set the search target trace to the active
trace.
2. Tap View of the selected trace to select DISP.

Selecting the multi search

3. Press PEAK SEARCH. A Peak Search menu appears.
4. To perform a peak search, tap Peak Search. To perform a bottom search, tap Bottom
Search.
5. Tap More to display the More 2/2 menu.
6.Tap Search Mode to select MULTI.
By default, SINGL (single search) is selected.
When you select MULTI, a peak search or a bottom search is executed.

For peak search, fixed markers are placed at the multiple peaks of the waveform, and the
marker values are displayed in the data area. The moving marker is placed at the highest
peak.
For bottom search, fixed markers are placed at the multiple bottoms of the waveform,
and the marker values are displayed in the data area. The moving marker is placed at
the lowest bottom.

4-28 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 4.9 Searching Waveforms

▼: Moving marker 1

Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

5
004: Marker number
: Fixed marker
6
Note
If the active trace is not set to DISP, you cannot use the moving marker.
Set View @ DISP BLANK under Trace to DISP.
7

Setting the mode (peak/bottom) detection threshold and the detection

list sort order
8
1. Press PEAK SEARCH. A Peak Search menu appears.
2. Tap More to display the More 2/2 menu.
3. Tap Multi Search Setting. The Multi Search Setting menu appears. 9

Setting the mode (peak/bottom) detection threshold

4. Tap Threshold. A THRESH setting window appears. App
5. Enter the mode detection threshold in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.
Index
Setting the detection list sort order
4. Tap Sort by. Each time you tap, the value switches between WL and LVL.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 4-29
4.9 Searching Waveforms

Searching for the next peak/bottom level

6. Continuing from step 5, tap Return to return to the previous level. Tap More to display
the More 1/2 menu. The rest of the procedure is the same as for single search.

Searching for the level peak/bottom to the right of the moving marker
6. Continuing from step 5, tap Return to return to the previous level. Tap More to display
the More 1/2 menu. The rest of the procedure is the same as for single search.

Searching for the level peak/bottom to the left of the moving marker
6. Continuing from step 5, tap Return to return to the previous level. Tap More to display
the More 1/2 menu. The rest of the procedure is the same as for single search.

Explanation
Single search
The instrument detects the peak (the maximum level value) or bottom (the minimum level value) of
the measured waveform.

Peak Search
A peak search (a search for the maximum level value) is performed on the active trace
waveform.
The moving marker is displayed at the peak point, and the marker value is displayed in the
data area. If the peak level is off the screen, its marker is displayed at the top or bottom edge
of the screen. Even in this situation, the correct marker value is displayed.
After a measurement is executed, the moving marker becomes movable. You can also scroll
and view the contents displayed in the data area.

Bottom Search
A bottom search (a search for the minimum level value) is performed on the active trace
waveform.
The moving marker is displayed at the bottom point, and the marker value is displayed in the
data area. If the bottom level is off the screen, its marker is displayed at the top or bottom
edge of the screen. Even in this situation, the correct marker value is displayed.
After a measurement is executed, the moving marker becomes movable. You can also scroll
and view the contents displayed in the data area.

Next Level Search

On the active trace waveform, the moving marker at the peak or bottom is moved to the next
peak (local maximum value) or bottom (local minimum value).
A warning message will appear if such peak or bottom is not found.
WARNING 103 : No data in active trace

4-30 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 4.9 Searching Waveforms

Next Search Right 1

On the active trace waveform, the moving marker at the peak or bottom is moved to the peak
(local maximum value) or bottom (local minimum value) on its right.
A warning message will appear if such peak or bottom is not found. 2
WARNING 103 : No data in active trace

Next Search Left 3

On the active trace waveform, the moving marker at the peak or bottom is moved to the peak
(local maximum value) or bottom (local minimum value) on its left.
A warning message will appear if such peak or bottom is not found.
4
WARNING 103 : No data in active trace

Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

Set Marker
5
Places a fixed marker with the assigned number at the moving marker position.
Selectable range: 0001 to 1024

The initial number is 0001 when the fixed marker is placed for the first time. At other times, it is 6
the highest number of the placed fixed markers + 1. (Upper limit: 1024)

Clear Marker 7
Clears the specified fixed marker number. The marker value in the data area is also cleared.
The default fixed marker number to be cleared is the last assigned fixed marker number.

8
All Marker Clear
The moving marker and all fixed markers are cleared.

9
Mode Diff
Sets the minimum peak/bottom difference (dB) serving as a basis for mode determination
during mode detection.
Selectable range: 0.01 dB to 50.00 dB
App
(Normal: steps of 0.01, COARSE: steps of 1, default value: 3.00 dB)

Search/Ana Marker L1-L2 Index

If you set Search/Ana Marker L1-L2 to On when wavelength line markers L1 and L2 are on,
the peak/bottom search target is set between line markers 1 and 2.

Note
• The instrument searches the waveform between line markers L1 and L2.
• If only L1 is set, the instrument searches from line marker 1 to the right edge of the screen.
• If only L2 is set, the instrument searches from the left edge of the screen to line marker 2.
• If neither L1 or L2 is set, the instrument searches from the measurement start wavelength to the
measurement stop wavelength.
• Search/Ana Marker L1-L2 is shared between the Marker, Peak Search, and Analysis menus.
• When Search/Ana Marker L1-L2 is set to On, the is highlighted at the bottom the screen.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 4-31
4.9 Searching Waveforms

Search/Ana Zoom Area

When Search/Ana Zoom Area is set to On, the peak/bottom search is performed on the data
in the zoom display range.
If Search/Ana and Zoom Area Search/Ana Marker L1-L2 are both set to On, search is
performed in the area where the zoom display range and line marker range overlap.

Note
• Search/Ana Zoom Area is shared between the Marker, Peak Search, and Analysis menus.
• When Search/Ana Zoom Area is set to On, the is highlighted at the bottom the screen.

Auto Search
Turns on or off peak/bottom searching that is performed every sweep.
When set to On, after sweeping ends, a peak/bottom search is performed automatically, and a
moving marker is set automatically. By default, Auto Search is set to Off.

Multi search
The instrument detects the peaks (the maximum level values) or bottoms (the minimum level
values) of the measured waveform at once.

Threshold
Set the threshold (detection range level) that is used when the multi search detects modes
(peaks/bottoms).
For peak searches, the peak detection range is defined as being the levels from the measured
waveform's maximum peak to the threshold value.
For bottom searches, the bottom detection range is defined as being the levels from the
measured waveform's minimum bottom to the threshold value.

Sort by
Set the assignment order of marker numbers. The detected marker values are displayed as a
list in the data area. This setting sets the sort order of the detection list.
WL: Displayed in ascending order of wavelength.
LVL: For the peak search, levels are displayed in order starting from the highest level. For the
bottom search, levels are displayed in order starting from the lowest level.

Peak search
A peak search (a search for the maximum level value) is performed on the active trace
waveform.
Fixed markers are displayed on the peak points. The moving marker is displayed on the
maximum peak (the maximum level value). The marker values are displayed in the data area.
If the peak level is off the screen, its marker is displayed at the top or bottom edge of the
screen. Even in this situation, the correct marker value is displayed.
After a measurement is executed, the moving marker becomes movable. You can also scroll
and view the contents displayed in the data area.

4-32 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 4.9 Searching Waveforms

Bottom Search 1
A bottom search (a search for the minimum level value) is performed on the active trace
waveform.
Fixed markers are displayed on the bottom points. The moving marker is displayed on the 2
minimum bottom (the minimum level value). The marker values are displayed in the data area.
If the bottom level is off the screen, its marker is displayed at the top or bottom edge of the
screen. Even in this situation, the correct marker value is displayed. 3
After a measurement is executed, the moving marker becomes movable. You can also scroll
and view the contents displayed in the data area.

4
Other soft keys
The functions of the following soft keys in multi search are the same as those in single search.

Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

See the explanation of single search.
5
Next Level Search
Next Search Right
Next Search Left
6
Set Marker
Clear Marker
All Marker Clear
7
Mode Diff
Search/Ana Marker L1-L2
Search/Ana Zoom Area
8
Auto Search
Note
The Mode Diff (mode judgment reference)—the peak/bottom difference—setting is shared between
multi search and single search. 9

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 4-33
 4.10 Copying and Clearing Waveforms

Procedure
Copying traces
1. Press TRACE. The Trace menu appears.
2. Tap More to display the More 2/2 menu.
3. Tap Trace Copy. The Trace Copy menu appears.
4. Tap Source Trace to display a menu, and tap the copy source trace (A to G). The menu
returns automatically to the previous level.
5. Tap Destination Trace to display a menu, and tap the copy destination trace (A to G). The
menu returns automatically to the previous level.
6. Tap Copy Execute. Copying is executed.

Note
• After the copy is executed, the copy destination trace status changes to FIX and the view to DISP.
• If the copy source trace and copy destination trace are the same, the copy will not be executed even
when you tap Copy Execute.

4-34 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 4.10 Copying and Clearing Waveforms

Clearing traces 1

1. Press TRACE. The Trace menu appears.

2. Tap More to display the More 2/2 menu. 2
3. Tap Trace Clear. The Trace Clear menu appears.
4. Tap the trace (A to G) you want to clear the data of. The waveform of the selected trace is
cleared, and the menu returns automatically to the previous level. 3
To clear the data of all traces, tap All Trace.

Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

5

Displaying the trace list

1. Press TRACE. The Trace menu appears.
9
2. Tap Trace List. A trace list is displayed.

App

Index

Active trace

Trace list

IM AQ6370E-01EN 4-35
 4.11 Noise Mask

Procedure
1. Press TRACE. The Trace menu appears.
2. Tap More to display the More 2/2 menu.
3. Tap Noise Mask. The NOISE MASK setting window appears.
4. Enter the noise mask value in the displayed window. You can set the value to OFF or between
–100 to 0.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.
5. Tap Mask Line. Each time you tap, the value switches between VERT and HRZN.

Switches between VERT and H

Highlighted when Noise Mask is selected

4-36 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 4.11 Noise Mask

Explanation 1

Noise mask type

HRZN 2
The waveform is displayed by replacing level values less than or equal to the noise mask
value with the noise mask value.
3

Displaying Optical Spectral Waveforms

5

Mask line
6

VERT
The waveform is displayed by replacing level values less than or equal to the noise mask 8
value with the display lower limit value (−210 dBm).

App

Index
Mask line

IM AQ6370E-01EN 4-37
 4.12 Highlighting the Waveform Display

Procedure
Highlighting the active trace waveform
1. Press TRACE. The Trace menu appears.
2. Tap More to display the More 2/2 menu.
3. Tap Trace Highlight. The Trace Highlight menu appears.
4. Tap Active Trace. The active trace waveform is highlighted (displayed with thick lines).

Highlighting all trace waveforms

4. Continuing from step 3, tap All Trace. The waveforms of all traces will be highlighted (displayed
with thick lines).

Clearing the highlighting

4. Continuing from step 3, tap the Off.

4-38 IM AQ6370E-01EN
Chapter 5 Displaying Measured Values and Calculated Values Using Markers

5.1 Wavelength and Level Values of an Optical 1

Spectrum
This section explains the wavelength and level values of an optical spectrum when the display mode is 2
wavelength. The following description also applies to the frequency display modes. For details on the
display mode, see section 2.1.
3
Procedure
Setting the active trace 4
1. Press TRACE and then tap Active Trace.
Select the trace (A to G) you want to display the wavelength and level values of.
5
2. Tap View of the selected trace to select DISP.

Displaying Measured Values and Calculated Values Using Markers

Displaying the moving marker 6
3. Press MARKER. The Marker menu appears.
4. Tap Marker Active. The moving marker appears on the screen, and a MOVE MARKER
setting window appears. 7
▼: Moving marker

App

Index

Note
If the active trace is not set to DISP, you cannot use the moving marker.
Set View @ DISP/BLANK under Trace to DISP.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 5-1
5.1 Wavelength and Level Values of Optical Spectrum

Checking the normal marker

5. Check that Marker Setting is set to Normal.
If Marker Setting is set to Power or Integral, carry out the following procedure to set it to
Normal.
5-1. Tap Marker Setting. The Marker Setting menu appears.
5-2. Select Normal Marker. The normal marker’s moving marker ▼ appears on the
waveform.
5-3. Tap Return to return to the previous level.
5-4. Tap Marker Active again. The MOVE MARKER setting window appears.

Normal
Markers
(Normal)

Note
There are three types of markers that you can select with Marker Setting: normal marker (Normal), power
spectral density marker (Power), and integral marker (Integral). For details on the marker features, see
section 1.2.

5-2 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 5.1 Wavelength and Level Values of Optical Spectrum

Moving the moving marker 1

6. In the MOVE MARKER setting window, enter the marker wavelength.

For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.
Or, move the moving marker by referring to the information below.
2
Direction Procedure
Move to the right Turn the rotary knob to the right.
Drag to the right with the mouse or on the touch panel.
Move to the left Turn the rotary knob to the left.
3
Drag to the left with the mouse or on the touch panel.

Note 4
If you enter a value outside the setting range, the closest allowed value is assigned.

Placing a fixed marker 5

7.

Displaying Measured Values and Calculated Values Using Markers

With the moving marker displayed, tap Set Marker.
A Set Marker menu and a SET MARKER setting window appear. 6
8. Tap Set or Cancel.
If you tap Set, a fixed marker is placed at the current moving marker position, and the menu
returns to the previous level. 7
Fixed markers are automatically numbered starting with 0001. You can also specify any number from
0001 to 1024 in the SET MARKER setting window.
If you tap Cancel, no fixed markers are placed, and the menu returns to the previous level.
8
▼: Moving marker

App

Index

Fixed marker

IM AQ6370E-01EN 5-3
5.1 Wavelength and Level Values of Optical Spectrum

Clearing a fixed marker

9. Tap Clear Marker.
A Clear Marker menu and a CLEAR MARKER setting window appear.
10. Enter the number of the fixed marker you want to clear in the displayed window.
11. Tap Clear or Cancel.
If you tap Clear, the fixed marker corresponding to the number you entered is cleared, and the
menu returns to the previous level.
If you tap Cancel, no fixed markers are cleared, and the menu returns to the previous level.

Clearing all markers

9. Tap All Marker Clear. The moving marker and all fixed markers are cleared.
The Marker Active settings is also set to Off.

5-4 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 5.1 Wavelength and Level Values of Optical Spectrum

Using the moving marker to set the center wavelength to be 1

measured, the zoom center wavelength, and the reference level
Setting the measurement center wavelength to the moving marker wavelength
With the moving marker displayed, tap Marker -> Center. The measurement center
2
wavelength is set to the moving marker wavelength. You can further change the measurement
center wavelength by entering a value in the displayed setting window. For details on the
measurement center wavelength, see section 2.1, “Measurement Wavelength (Frequency) 3
Range.”

Note 4
The Marker -> Center soft key cannot be used under the following conditions.
• When the moving marker is off
• When the span of the measured data is 0 nm.
5

Displaying Measured Values and Calculated Values Using Markers

Setting the zoom center wavelength to the moving marker wavelength
With the moving marker displayed, tap Marker -> Zoom Ctr. The zoom center wavelength is
set to the moving marker wavelength. You can further change the zoom center wavelength by
6
entering a value in the displayed setting window. For details on the zoom center wavelength,
see section 4.1, “Zooming the Waveform Display.”
7
Note
The Marker -> Zoom Ctr soft key cannot be used under the following conditions.
• When the moving marker is off 8
• When the span of the measured data is 0 nm.

Setting the reference level to the moving marker level

9
With the moving marker displayed, tap Marker -> Ref Level. The reference level is set to the
moving marker level. You can further change the reference level by entering a value in the
displayed setting window. For details on the reference level, see section 2.5, “Level Scale.”
App

Index

Sets the measurement center

wavelength to the moving
marker wavelength
Sets the zoom center wavelength
to the moving marker wavelength
Sets the reference level to
the moving marker level

IM AQ6370E-01EN 5-5
5.1 Wavelength and Level Values of Optical Spectrum

Setting the marker difference value display

You can set the marker difference display displayed in the data area to Offset or Spacing.
1. Press MARKER. The Marker menu appears.
2. Tap More to display the More 3/3 menu.
3. Tap Marker Display. The Marker Display menu appears.
4. Tap Offset or Spacing.

Note
• When Offset is selected, the difference between the moving marker (▼) and each fixed marker is
displayed in the data area.
• When Spacing is selected, the difference between the moving marker and the smallest numbered fixed
marker and the difference between adjacent fixed markers are displayed in the data area.

5-6 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 5.1 Wavelength and Level Values of Optical Spectrum

Automatically updating the level values of the fixed markers 1

The level values of fixed markers are updated each time the displayed waveform is updated.
1. Press MARKER. The Marker menu appears. 2
2. Tap More to display the More 3/3 menu.
3. Tap Marker Auto Update to select On.
3

Displaying Measured Values and Calculated Values Using Markers

6

7
Setting the unit of marker values
1. Press MARKER. The MARKER menu appears. 8
2. Tap More to display the More 3/3 menu.
3. Tap Marker Unit. Each time you tap, the value switches between nm and THz.
9

App

Index

Note
The unit displayed for marker values (wavelength nm or frequency THz) can be set separately from the
waveform display’s horizontal scale unit set with Horizontal Scale of the SETUP menu.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 5-7
5.1 Wavelength and Level Values of Optical Spectrum

Explanation
Normal marker
Moving marker
You can move the moving marker to any wavelength using the rotary knob, arrow keys, or
numeric keypad. You can also drag it with the mouse.
The moving marker moves along the waveform, and the marker values are displayed in the
data area. If you fix the moving marker at a given position, it turns into a fixed marker.
The moving marker applies to the active trace.

Fixed markers
A marker fixed to a specific position using the moving marker is called a fixed marker. You can
place up to 1024 fixed markers. Fixed markers can be placed across different traces.
Fixed markers are assigned marker numbers in order from 0001. You can also enter a number
using the rotary knob, arrow keys, or numeric keypad. The maximum number is 1024.

Marker data in the data area

The data area shows the marker values (wavelength value and level value) of the moving
marker and fixed markers.
When there are six or more fixed markers, not all the fixed markers can be displayed in the
data area.
To view the marker values that are not displayed, scroll using the mouse wheel, touch panel,
or arrow keys. Scrolling with the arrow keys is possible when a SET MARKER setting window (a
window for entering the moving marker value) is displayed.

Display example of wavelength values and level values

Wavelength of the moving marker
Wavelength of fixed marker 0001
Level of the moving marker
Traces of the moving Level of fixed marker 0001
marker

Trace with fixed marker 0001 (Wavelength of the moving marker) − (Level of the moving marker) −
(wavelength of the fixed marker) (level of the fixed marker)

5-8 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 5.1 Wavelength and Level Values of Optical Spectrum

Marker display 1
This function sets whether to display the difference relative to the moving marker (Offset)
or the difference relative to the next marker (Spacing) in the marker display. (Default value:
Offset) 2
If the active trace span is 0 nm, the wavelength difference relative to the moving marker is
0.000 nm.
If a fixed marker is placed at the –210 dBm wavelength value, the level difference from that 3
fixed marker is displayed as “??????????.”

Offset
This soft key sets the difference value display as the difference between each marker and the
4
moving marker.

Displaying Measured Values and Calculated Values Using Markers

6

8
When a fixed marker is positioned and the moving marker is set to a wavelength value of
−210 dBm, the level difference is set to −210.00 dB, regardless of the fixed marker’s level.

9
Spacing
This soft key sets the difference value display as the difference between each marker and the
next marker.
App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 5-9
 5.2 Wavelength/Level Difference between Optical
Spectra
This section explains the wavelength and level values of an optical spectrum when the display mode is
wavelength. The following description also applies to the frequency display modes. For details on the
display mode, see section 2.1.

Procedure
Wavelength line markers
Displaying wavelength line markers
1. Press MARKER. The Marker menu appears.
2. Tap More to display the More 2/3 menu.
3. Tap Line Marker 1 or Line Marker 2 to select On. A wavelength line marker and a LINE
MARKER 1 or LINE MARKER 2 settings window appears.

Line marker value

L1
L2
L2-L1

Note
• You cannot set wavelength line markers if the active trace measurement data span is 0 nm.
• Line marker values are displayed in the upper left of the waveform area. When both wavelength line
markers 1 and 2 are displayed, the wavelength difference (L2−L1) is shown below the marker values.

Moving wavelength line markers

4. In the LINE MARKER 1 or LINE MARKER 2 setting window, enter the marker wavelength.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.
Or, move the wavelength line markers by referring to the information below.
Direction Procedure
Move to the right Turn the rotary knob to the right.
Drag to the right with the mouse or on the touch panel.
Move to the left Turn the rotary knob to the left.
Drag to the left with the mouse or on the touch panel.

Clearing wavelength line markers

4. Tap Line Marker 1 or Line Marker 2 to select Off.

5-10 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 5.2 Wavelength/Level Difference between Optical Spectra

Level line markers 1

Displaying level line markers
1. Press MARKER. The Marker menu appears. 2
2. Tap More to display the More 2/3 menu.
3. Tap Line Marker 3 or Line Marker 4 to select On. A level line marker and a LINE MARKER 3
or LINE MARKER 4 settings window appears. 3

Displaying Measured Values and Calculated Values Using Markers

Line marker value
L3
L4 6
L4-L3

Note
Line marker values are displayed in the upper left of the waveform area. When both level line markers 3 8
and 4 are displayed, the level difference (L4−L3) is shown below the line marker values.

Moving level line markers

9
4. In the LINE MARKER 3 or LINE MARKER 4 setting window, enter the marker level.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.
Or, move the level line markers by referring to the information below.
Direction Procedure App
Move up Turn the rotary knob to the right.
Drag up with the mouse or on the touch panel.
Move down Turn the rotary knob to the left.
Drag down with the mouse or on the touch panel. Index
Clearing level line markers
4. Tap Line Marker 3 or Line Marker 4 to select Off.

Clearing all line markers

4. When line markers are displayed, tap Line Marker All Clear. All the line markers that are
displayed are cleared.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 5-11
5.2 Wavelength/Level Difference between Optical Spectra

Explanation
Line markers
Wavelength line markers
Line marker values are displayed in the upper left of the waveform area.
When both wavelength line markers 1 and 2 are displayed, the wavelength difference (L2−L1)
is shown below the marker values.

Level line markers

Line marker values are displayed in the upper left of the waveform area.
When both level line markers 3 and 4 are displayed, the level difference (L4−L3) is shown
below the line marker values.

Note
You can move a line marker by dragging it with the mouse.

Line markers in the overview window

When a waveform is zoomed, an overview window can be displayed at the bottom of the
waveform display area. When line markers are displayed, they are also displayed in the
overview window.
For instructions on how to display the overview window, see section 4.1.

Note
The line markers in the overview window are synchronized to those on the waveform screen.

Overview window

Line markers are synchronized.

5-12 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 5.3 Power Spectral Density 1

This section explains the wavelength and level values of an optical spectrum when the display mode is 2
wavelength. The following description also applies to the frequency display modes. For details on the
display mode, see section 2.1.
3
Procedure
Setting the active trace 4
1. Press TRACE and then tap Active Trace.
Select the trace (A to G) you want to display the power spectral densities of.
5
2. Tap View of the selected trace to select DISP.

Displaying Measured Values and Calculated Values Using Markers

Displaying the moving marker
6
3. Press MARKER. The Marker menu appears.
4. Tap Marker Active to select On.

Note 7
To use power spectral density markers, set the active trace to DISP.

Displaying power spectral density markers 8

5. Tap Marker Setting. The Marker Setting menu appears.
6. Select Power Density. A power spectral density moving marker ♦ appears on the waveform.
9
7. Tap Bandwidth. A BANDWIDTH window appears.
8. Enter the normalization bandwidth in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.
App
Power spectral density/BW : Power spectral density marker

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 5-13
5.3 Power Spectral Density

Note
• The power spectral density and “/BW” are displayed in the data area.
• The power spectral density marker cannot be assigned to a subtraction waveform (subtraction based on
Log Math=LOG) or normalization waveform. For details on waveform calculation, see section 4.5.

Moving the moving marker

9. Continuing from step 8, tap Return to return to the previous level.
10. Tap Marker Active. The MOVE MARKER setting window appears.
11. Enter the marker wavelength in the displayed window.
For the input procedure, see section 5.1.

Placing a fixed marker

The procedure is the same as that for normal markers as explained in section 5.1.
Fixed power spectral density markers are displayed with ◊.

Clearing a fixed marker

The procedure is the same as that for normal markers as explained in section 5.1.

Clearing all markers

The procedure is the same as that for normal markers as explained in section 5.1.

5-14 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 5.3 Power Spectral Density

Explanation 1

Power spectral density markers

Power spectral density markers show power values per normalization bandwidth by assuming the 2
marker position on the waveform to be the center. The power values are displayed in the data area.
These markers are used to determine converted power values per given bandwidth such as when
measuring the signal noise level. 3
Selectable range for the normalization bandwidth: 0.1 nm and 10.0 nm.

Like normal markers, fixed markers can be placed on power spectral density markers. The
normalization bandwidth setting applies to the moving marker and all fixed markers. 4
It is also possible to simultaneously display the power spectral densities of fixed markers placed on
different traces.
For instructions on how to place fixed markers and how to display data between markers, see 5
section 5.1.

Displaying Measured Values and Calculated Values Using Markers

Display example of power spectral density markers
6
Traces with markers (TR A, B, C, ...)
Moving marker
Fixed markers 0001, 0002, ...
Power spectral density/BW Normalization bandwidth 7

Wavelength differences
Marker wavelengths Level differences
8
Fixed marker
Trace B

9
Fixed marker
Trace C Moving marker
App

Index
Fixed marker
Trace A

Note
You can display power spectral density markers and search waveforms using single search (SINGL)
by setting Marker Setting to Power Density. However, multi search (MULTI) is not possible when power
spectral density markers are displayed. If you perform a multi search when power spectral density
markers are displayed, they are automatically changed to normal markers.
For details on waveform searching, see section 4.9.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 5-15
 5.4 Integral Power Value

This section explains the wavelength and level values of an optical spectrum when the display mode is
wavelength. The following description also applies to the frequency display modes. For details on the
display mode, see section 2.1.

Procedure
Setting the active trace
1. Press TRACE and then tap Active Trace.
Select the trace (A to G) you want to display the power spectral densities of.
2. Tap View of the selected trace to select DISP.

Displaying the moving marker

3. Press MARKER. The Marker menu appears.
4. Tap Marker Active to select On.

Note
To use integral spectral density markers, set the active trace to DISP.

Displaying integral power markers

5. Tap Marker Setting. The Marker Setting menu appears.
6. Select Integral Power. A moving integral power marker ● is displayed on the waveform, and
an INTEGRAL RANGE setting window appears.
7. Enter the integral frequency range in the displayed window.
For instructions on how to select items and set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting Started Guide.

Integral power value <integral frequency range> ●: Integral power marker

Integral range

5-16 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 5.4 Integral Power Value

Note 1
• An integral power value and <integral frequency range> are displayed in the data area.
• The power spectral density marker cannot be assigned to a subtraction waveform (subtraction based on
Log Math=LOG) or normalization waveform. For details on waveform calculation, see section 4.5.
2

Moving the moving marker

8. Continuing from step 7, tap Return to return to the previous level.
3
9. Tap Marker Active. The MOVE MARKER setting window appears.
10. Enter the marker wavelength in the displayed window.
4
For the input procedure, see section 5.1.

Placing a fixed marker 5

The procedure is the same as that for normal markers as explained in section 5.1.

Displaying Measured Values and Calculated Values Using Markers

Fixed integral power markers are displayed with ○.
6
Clearing a fixed marker
The procedure is the same as that for normal markers as explained in section 5.1.
7
Clearing all markers
The procedure is the same as that for normal markers as explained in section 5.1. 8

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 5-17
5.4 Integral Power Value

Explanation
Integral power markers
The integrated power values over specified frequency ranges are displayed by assuming the
marker position on the waveform to be the center. The power values are displayed in the data area.
These markers are used to determine the integrated power of a widely spread spectrum such as to
determine the signal level from a modulated optical signal spectrum.
Selectable range for integral frequency: ±1.0 GHz to ±999.9 GHz

The waveform in the integration range appears highlighted (in blue).

Like normal markers, fixed markers can be placed on integral power markers. The integration
frequency range setting can be set separately for the moving marker and each fixed marker.
It is also possible to simultaneously display the integral power values of fixed markers placed on
different traces.
For instructions on how to place fixed markers and how to display data between markers, see
section 5.1.

Display example of integral power markers

Traces with markers (TR A, B, C, ...)
Moving marker
Fixed markers 0001, 0002, ...
Integral power value <integral frequency range>

Wavelength differences
Marker wavelengths Level differences
Fixed marker
Trace B

Fixed marker Fixed marker Moving marker

Trace C Trace A

Note
You can display integral power markers and search waveforms using single search (SINGL) by setting
Marker Setting to Integral Power. However, multi search (MULTI) is not possible when integral power
markers are displayed. If you perform a multi search when integral power markers are displayed, they are
automatically changed to normal markers.
For details on waveform searching, see section 4.9.

5-18 IM AQ6370E-01EN
Chapter 6 Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms

6.1 Specifying an Analysis Range 1

Analysis between line markers 2

Setting line markers
The instrument analyzes the range between wavelength line markers L1 and L2, which were set in
section 5.2, “Wavelength/Level Difference between Optical Spectra.”
3
For instructions on how to set wavelength line markers L1 and L2, see section 5.2, “Wavelength/
Level Difference between Optical Spectra.”
Specifying an Analysis Range 4
1. Press ANALYSIS. The ANALYSIS menu appears.
2. Tap More to display the More 2/2 menu.
5
3. Tap Search/Ana Marker L1- L2 to select On.
You can also set Search/Ana Marker L1- L2 to On or Off using the MARKER menu that
appears by pressing MARKER.
6
4. To cancel, tap Search/Ana Marker L1- L2 to select Off. Analysis will be performed over the
entire screen.

Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms

Line markers 7

Turns Search/Ana
Marker L1-L2 on 9
and off

App

Index

Highlighted when Search/Ana Marker L1-L2 is on

IM AQ6370E-01EN 6-1
6.1 Specifying an Analysis Range

Analysis in the zoom area

Power measurement in the zoom area
The instrument analyzes the measured waveform in the zoom area.
For instructions on how to zoom waveforms, see section 4.1, “Zooming the Waveform Display.”
1. Press ANALYSIS. The ANALYSIS menu appears.
2. Tap More to display the More 2/2 menu.
3. Tap Search / Ana Zoom Area to select On.
You can also set Search/Ana Zoom Area to On or Off using the MARKER menu that appears
by pressing MARKER.
4. To cancel, tap Search/Ana Zoom Area to select Off. Analysis will be performed over the entire
screen.

Turns Search/Ana
Zoom Area on and
off

Zoom Area

Highlighted when Search/Ana Zoom Area is on

6-2 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 6.1 Specifying an Analysis Range

Explanation 1

Analysis range
The analysis range can be set between line markers or within the zoom area. 2
If the analysis is enabled for both between the line markers and within the zoom area, the analysis
range is set to the intersection of the two areas.
If the analysis for both are disabled, the analysis range is set to the entire range of the 3
measurement scale.

Between line markers

The instrument analyzes the waveform between line markers L1 and L2. 4
If only L1 is set, the instrument measures from line marker 1 to the right edge of the screen.
If only L2 is set, the instrument measures from the left edge of the screen to line marker 2.
If neither L1 or L2 is set, the instrument measures from the specified start wavelength to the stop 5
wavelength.

Zoom area
The instrument analyzes the waveform within the specified zoom area. 6

Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms

7

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 6-3
 6.2 Spectral Width (THRESH, ENVELOPE, RMS,
PEAK RMS, NOTCH)
Procedure
Spectral width can be measured from the measured waveform.
1. Press ANALYSIS. The ANALYSIS menu appears.
2. Tap Spec Width. The Spectrum Width menu appears.
3. Tap THRESH, ENVELOPE, RMS, PEAK RMS, or NOTCH. An analysis is performed, and the
results are displayed in the data area.

Data area

Change the
threshold.
Change the
analysis
parameters.
Turns auto
analysis on
and off

6-4 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 6.2 Spectral Width (THRESH, ENVELOPE, RMS, PEAK RMS, NOTCH)

Changing the analysis parameters 1

4. Continuing from step 3, tap Parameter Setting. A Parameter Setting window appears.

When THRESH is selected

2
Threshold
Multiplying factor
Turns mode fitting
on and off
3
Executes
analysis When ENVELOPE is selected

Threshold 4
Threshold for counting
the number of modes
Multiplying factor
When RMS is selected 5

Threshold
Multiplying factor
6
When PEAK RMS is selected

Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms

Threshold 7
Multiplying factor

When NOTCH is selected

8
Threshold
Multiplying factor
Reference position
9
5. Set the analysis parameters on the setting window.
For instructions on how to select items and how to set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting
Started Guide.
App

6. Tap Close Window or “X” in the upper right of the window. The Parameter Setting window will
close.
Index
7. Tap Analysis Execute. An analysis is performed according to the changed parameters, and
the results are displayed in the data area.

Changing the threshold value for each algorithm

If you want to change just the threshold level, you can also use Spec Width Thresh.
This value is also applied to the Parameter Setting threshold described above.
When Spec Width is set to ENVELOPE, you can only change THRESH1.
4. Continuing from step 3, tap Spec Width Thresh. A threshold setting window appears.
5. Set the threshold on the setting window.
For instructions on how to select items and how to set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting
Started Guide.
6. Press ENTER.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 6-5
6.2 Spectral Width (THRESH, ENVELOPE, RMS, PEAK RMS, NOTCH)

Automatic Analysis on Each Sweep

4. Continuing from step 3, tap Auto Analysis Off On to select On. At the end of each sweep,
the Spec Width, Analysis 1, or Analysis 2 function (whichever is selected) is executed
automatically.

Note
• Auto Analysis and Auto Search for searching waveforms cannot be set to On simultaneously. If either
one is set to On, the other is set to Off. For details on waveform searching, see section 4.9.
• When Auto Analysis is set to On, is highlighted at the bottom of the screen.

6-6 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 6.2 Spectral Width (THRESH, ENVELOPE, RMS, PEAK RMS, NOTCH)

Explanation 1

Algorithm
Spectral width analysis algorithm 2
Algorithm Description
THRESH Determines spectral width from the width between points where the waveform
crosses the threshold value.
ENVELOPE Determines spectral width from waveform envelope.
3
RMS Determines spectral width from waveform standard deviation.
PEAK RMS Determines spectral width from waveform mode peak standard deviation.
NOTCH Determines the notch width from the waveform bottom or from the bottom and peak.
4
Note
• For details on the spectral width analysis algorithms and parameters, see appendix 2, “Data Calculation
Algorithms for Spectral Widths.”
5
Result display
Analysis results are displayed in the data area. 6

Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms

7

Analysis parameter Analysis results
values Δλ: spectral width
λC: center of spectral width
MODE: number of modes 8

Spec Width Thresh

You can set threshold values for each spectral width analysis algorithm. After the value is set, 9
analysis is executed and the display is updated.
You can set the value between 0.01 and 50.00 dB. You can set it in steps of 0.01. When COARSE
is enabled, you can set it in steps of 1.00. Each analysis algorithm has its own threshold value. App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 6-7
 6.3 SMSR

Procedure
SMSR can be measured from the measured waveform of a DFB-LD.
1. Press ANALYSIS. The ANALYSIS menu appears.
2. Tap Analysis 1. A menu appears for selecting the analysis function.
3. Tap SMSR. An analysis is performed, and the results are displayed in the data area.

Data area

Change the
analysis
parameters.
Turns auto
analysis on
and off

Changing the analysis parameters

4. Continuing from step 3, tap Parameter Setting. An SMSR measurement parameter setting
screen appears.

Executes analysis

Mode
Mask value (when SMSR1 or SMSR3 is selected)
Side mode power calculation method
Bandwidth (when NORMALIZED is selected)
Threshold for spectral waveform mode
(shared with Mode Diff of Peak Search)

5. Set the analysis parameters on the setting window.

For instructions on how to select items and how to set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting
Started Guide.
6. Tap Close Window or “X” in the upper right of the window. The SMSR measurement
parameter setting window will close.
6-8 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 6.3 SMSR

7. Tap Analysis Execute. An analysis is performed according to the changed parameters, and 1
the results are displayed in the data area.

Explanation 2
SMSR
SMSR is an abbreviation for side-mode suppression ratio.
SMSR represents the difference between the mode peak and the side-mode level. It is one of the 3
parameters used to evaluate the performance of DFB-LDs and the like.

Mode peak

4
Side mode
SMSR

MASK AREA
6
SMSR Mode

Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms

SMSR Mode specifies how to define the side mode.
SMSR1: The main mode is defined as the highest mode peak. The side mode is defined as the 7
highest mode peak outside of the mask area.
SMSR2: The main mode is defined as the highest mode peak. The side mode is defined as the
highest mode peak adjacent to the main mode. You cannot set the mask.
8
SMSR3: The main mode is defined as the highest mode peak. The side modes are defined as the
highest mode peaks outside of the mask area—one on the left side and one on the right
side of the mask area.
SMSR4: The main mode is defined as the highest mode peak. The side modes are defined as the
9
mode peaks adjacent to the main mode. You cannot set the mask.
Side Mode Power
You can select whether to use the waveform data (TRACE DATA) or normalize data (NORMALIZED) App
for the side mode power.

Note Index
For details on SMSR analysis algorithms, see appendix 3, “Details of Analysis Functions.”

Result display
Analysis results are displayed in the data area.
Example with SMSR MODE set to SMSR3

Analysis results Analysis parameter values

ΔPK: mode peak wavelength and level value SMSR MODE: side mode definition method
Δ2nd PK: side mode wavelength and level (MODE1 to MODE4)
value SMSR MASK: mask setting range (MODE1 MODE3)
ΔPK-Δ2nd PK: differences in the wavelengths BW: Normalization bandwidth
and levels

IM AQ6370E-01EN 6-9
 6.4 Power

Procedure
Optical power can be measured by integrating the measured waveform levels.
1. Press ANALYSIS. The ANALYSIS menu appears.
2. Tap Analysis 1. A menu appears for selecting the analysis function.
3. Tap POWER. An analysis is performed, and the results are displayed in the data area.
Data area

Change the
analysis
parameters.
Turns auto
analysis on
and off

Changing the analysis parameters

4. Continuing from step 3, tap Parameter Setting. A POWER measurement parameter setting
screen appears.

Executes analysis

Power offset value

5. Set the analysis parameters on the setting window.

For instructions on how to select items and how to set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting
Started Guide.
6. Tap Close Window or “X” in the upper right of the window. The POWER measurement
parameter setting window will close.
6-10 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 6.4 Power

7. Tap Analysis Execute. An analysis is performed according to the changed parameters, and 1
the results are displayed in the data area.

Note
For details on power analysis algorithms, see appendix 3, “Details of Analysis Functions.”
2

Explanation 3
Result display
Analysis results are displayed in the data area.
4

Power offset value Optical power

5

Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms

7

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 6-11
 6.5 Light Source (DFB-LD, FP-LD, LED)

Procedure
Light source parameters can be analyzed from the measured waveform of each light source (DFB-
LD, FP-LD, LED).
1. Press ANALYSIS. The ANALYSIS menu appears.
2. Tap Analysis 1. A menu appears for selecting the analysis function.
3. Tap DFB-LD, FP-LD, or LED according to the type of light source to be analyzed. An analysis
is performed, and the results are displayed in the data area.
Data area (example of FP-LD)

Change the
analysis
parameters.
Turns auto
analysis on
and off

Changing the analysis parameters

4. Continuing from step 3, tap Parameter Setting. A window appears for setting the DFB-LD,
FP-LD, and LED measurement parameters.

Executes
analysis

6-12 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 6.5 Light Source (DFB-LD, FP-LD, LED)

DFB-LD 1
Set the -XdB center/width (Page 1/4). Set the SMSR (Page 2/4).

Set the RMS and power (Page 3/4). Set the OSNR (Page 4/4).
5

Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms

7

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 6-13
6.5 Light Source (DFB-LD, FP-LD, LED)

FP-LD
Set the spectrum width (Page 1/3). Set the mean wavelength (Page 2/3).

Set the total power and number of modes
(Page 3/3).

LED
Set the spectrum width (Page 1/2). Set the mean wavelength and total power
(Page 2/2).

5. Set the analysis parameters on the setting window.

For instructions on how to select items and how to set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting
Started Guide.
6. Tap Close Window or “X” in the upper right of the window. The setting window will close.

6-14 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 6.5 Light Source (DFB-LD, FP-LD, LED)

7. Tap Analysis Execute. An analysis is performed according to the changed parameters, and 1
the results are displayed in the data area.

Note
For details on the analysis algorithms for the DFB-LD, FP-LD, and LED light sources and related
2
parameters, see appendix 3, “Details of Analysis Functions.”

Explanation 3
Result display
Analysis results are displayed in the data area.
4
DFB-LD
OSNR

5
σ: standard deviation
PK LEVEL: peak level
Kσ: spectral width based on the RMS method
CTR WL: center wavelength
POWER: power
SMSR: side mode suppression ratio 6
PEAK WL: peak wavelength
20.00dB Width: spectral width at the 20 dB cutoff level

Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms

MODE OFFSET: wavelength difference between the peak mode and side mode

FP-LD 7

MEAN WL: mean wavelength SPEC WIDTH: spectral width

8
PEAK WL: peak wavelength PEAK LEVEL: peak level
MODE NO.: number of modes
TOTAL POWER: total power
LED 9

App
MEAN WL: mean wavelength SPEC WIDTH: spectral width
PEAK WL: peak wavelength PEAK LEVEL: peak level
TOTAL POWER: total power

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 6-15
 6.6 ITLA
Light source parameters can be analyzed from the measured waveform of ITLA.
1. Press ANALYSIS. The ANALYSIS menu appears.
2. Tap Analysis 1. A menu appears for selecting the analysis function.
3. Tap ITLA according to the type of light source to be analyzed. An analysis is performed, and
the results are displayed in the data area.
Data area

Change the
analysis
parameters.
Turns auto
analysis on
and off

6-16 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 6.6 ITLA

Changing the analysis parameters 1

4. Continuing from step 3, tap Parameter Setting. A window appears for setting the ITLA
measurement parameters.
Set the XdB center / width (Page 1/3). 2

3
Executes
analysis

4

Set the SMSR and power (Page 2/3). Set the SSER / STSSER (Page 3/3). 6

Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms

7

App
5. Set the analysis parameters on the setting window.
For instructions on how to select items and how to set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting
Started Guide.
Index
6. Tap Close Window or “X” in the upper right of the window. The ITLA analysis parameter
setting window will close.
7. Tap Analysis Execute. An analysis is performed according to the changed parameters, and
the results are displayed in the data area and table.

Note
For details on the ITLA analysis algorithm and parameters, see appendix 3, “Details of
Analysis Functions.”

IM AQ6370E-01EN 6-17
6.6 ITLA

Explanation
Result display
Analysis results are displayed in the data area.
Example with SMSR MODE set to SMSR2

PK LEVEL: peak level SSER: Signal to Spontaneous Emission Ratio

CTR WL: center wavelength STSSER: Signal to Total Source Spontaneous
Emission Ratio
SMSR: side mode suppression ratio POWER: Optical power
PEAK WL: peak wavelength
20.00dB Width: spectral width at the 20 dB cutoff level
MODE OFFSET: wavelength difference between the peak mode and side mode

6-18 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 6.7 WDM Signals 1

2
Procedure
The center wavelength, level, and SNR of each channel can be measured from the measured
waveform of a WDM transmission signal. 3
1. Press ANALYSIS. The ANALYSIS menu appears.
2. Tap Analysis 2. A menu appears for selecting the analysis function.
3. Tap WDM. An analysis is performed, and the results are displayed in the data area and table. 4
You can switch the analysis results screen using the menu that appears by tapping Switch
Display.
TRACE & TABLE: A waveform and table are displayed. 5
TRACE: Only the waveform is displayed.
TABLE: Only the table is displayed.
6
Data area

Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms

7

8
Change the
analysis
parameters.
Switches the
9
display screen
Turns auto
analysis on
and off App

List Index
Note
If you tap the analysis results list while the waveform is zoomed, the waveform of the channel you tapped
appears in the center of the waveform screen.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 6-19
6.7 WDM Signals

Changing the analysis parameters

4. Continuing from step 3, tap Parameter Setting. An WDM analysis parameter setting window
appears.
Set the channel detection (Page 1/3).

Executes
analysis

Set the display and other settings

Set the interpolation (Page 2/3). (Page 3/3).

5. Set the analysis parameters on the setting window.

For instructions on how to select items and how to set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting
Started Guide.
6. Tap Close Window or “X” in the upper right of the window. The WDM analysis parameter
setting window will close.
7. Tap Analysis Execute. An analysis is performed according to the changed parameters, and
the results are displayed in the data area and table.

Note
For details on the WDM analysis algorithm and parameters, see appendix 4, “WDM Analysis Function.”

6-20 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 6.7 WDM Signals

Explanation 1
Analysis parameters
There are three types of WDM analysis parameter setting windows.
Change the parameter settings according to the analysis being performed.
2
• Channel detection parameters (CHANNEL DETECTION SETTING)
• Noise level measurement parameters (INTERPOLATION SETTING)
• Parameters related to the display method of analysis results and other settings (DISPLAY 3
SETTING, OTHER SETTING)
For details on parameters, see appendix 4, “WDM Analysis Function.”
4
Result display
Analysis results are displayed in the data area and table.
Data area
5

Wavelength Level 6
List

Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms

7

Center wavelength Signal Wavelength Level Noise power Power noise

9
level difference difference SN ratio
from the from the
reference reference
channel channel App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 6-21
 6.8 Gain and Noise Figure of Optical Amplifiers

Procedure
This feature measures the gain and noise figure (NF) of an optical amplifier from the measured
waveform of the signal light input to the optical amplifier and the measured waveform of the output
light from the optical amplifier.
1. Press ANALYSIS. The ANALYSIS menu appears.
2. Tap Analysis 2. A menu appears for selecting the analysis function.
3. Tap EDFA-NF. An analysis is performed, and the results are displayed in the data area and
table.
You can switch the analysis results screen using the menu that appears by tapping Switch
Display.
TRACE & TABLE: A waveform and table are displayed.
TABLE: Only the table is displayed.
TRACE: Only the waveform is displayed.
GRAPH & TABLE: A graph and table are displayed.
GRAPH: Only the graph is displayed.

Data area

Change the
analysis
parameters.
Switches the
display screen
Turns auto
analysis on
and off

List
Note
If you tap the analysis results list while the waveform is zoomed, the waveform of the channel you tapped
appears in the center of the waveform screen.

6-22 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 6.8 Gain and Noise Figure of Optical Amplifiers

Displaying the gain (Gain) and noise factor (NF) graphs 1

4. Tap Switch Display.
5. Tap Graph& Table or Graph. A soft key menu appears for setting the graph display and
markers. 2
6. Tap Line Marker Y1 to select On. Marker Y1 is displayed in the graph display, and a window
appears for setting the marker Y1 position.
7. Enter the Line Marker Y1 position. 3
8. Likewise, Tap Line Marker Y2, and set Y2.

4
Turns Y1 on and off

Turns Y2 on and off

Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms

7

Note 8
If both markers Y1 and Y2 are turned on, the difference between the markers are displayed in the marker
information.

Changing the analysis parameters 9

4. Continuing from step 3, tap Parameter Setting. The EDFA-NF analysis parameter setting
screen appears.
App

Set the channel detection (Page 1/3).

Index
Executes
analysis

IM AQ6370E-01EN 6-23
6.8 Gain and Noise Figure of Optical Amplifiers

Set the NF calculation and other settings

Set the interpolation (Page 2/3). (Page 3/3).

5. Set the analysis parameters on the setting window.

For instructions on how to select items and how to set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting
Started Guide.
6. Tap Close Window or “X” in the upper right of the window. The EDFA-NF analysis parameter
setting window will close.
7. Tap Analysis Execute. An analysis is performed according to the changed parameters, and
the results are displayed in the data area and table.

Note
For details on the optical amp analysis algorithm and parameters, see appendix 5, “Optical Amp Analysis
Function.”

6-24 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 6.8 Gain and Noise Figure of Optical Amplifiers

Example of optical amp gain and noise figure analysis 1

Analysis of optical amp gain and noise figure is performed after measuring the signal light going
into the optical amp and the output light leaving the optical amp.

• Acquiring the waveform to be analyzed 2

The following configuration and general procedure is used to measure optical amp gain and noise.

Signal light measurement configuration

3
Multi-channel light source
AQ6370E
4
MUX

6
Output light measurement configuration

Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms

Multi-channel light source 7
AQ6370E

MUX 8
Optical amplifier

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 6-25
6.8 Gain and Noise Figure of Optical Amplifiers

• Writing to Trace A the Waveform of the Signal Light Input to the Optical Amp
1. Input the signal light sent to the optical amp into the instrument.
2. Press TRACE and then tap Active Trace to select A.
3. Tap View A to select DISP.
4. Tap Write A. Trace A is set to write mode.

5. Measure the signal light waveform according to measurement conditions for the signal light
waveform.
(For details on the measurement procedure, see chapter 3, “Measuring the Optical Spectrum.”)
6. Tap Fix A under TRACE. Trace A is set to fix mode.

Note
If all traces from trace A to trace G have been set to fix mode (FIX) as a result of step 6, a warning is
displayed. However, this does not pose a problem because trace B is set to write mode in the next step.

• Writing to Trace B the Waveform of the Output Light from the Optical Amp
7. Input the light output from the optical amp into the instrument.
8. Press TRACE and then tap Active Trace to select B.
9. Tap View B to select DISP.
10. Tap Write B. Trace B is set to write mode.
11. Measure the waveform of the output light with the same measurement conditions used for
measuring the signal light waveform.

6-26 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 6.8 Gain and Noise Figure of Optical Amplifiers

Explanation 1
Setting EDFA-NF analysis parameters
EDFA-NF analysis parameters are broadly divided into the following three categories.
Change the parameter settings according to the analysis being performed.
2
• Channel detection parameters (CHANNEL DETECTION SETTING)
• ASE level measurement parameters (INTERPOLATION SETTING)
• NF calculation and other parameters (NF CALCULATE SETTING, OTHER SETTING) 3
For details on parameters, see appendix 5, “Optical Amp Analysis Function.”

Result display
Analysis results are displayed in the data area and table.
4
Data area

Wavelength Level

List
6

Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms

7

Center Input level Output ASE level Measurement Gain Noise

wavelength level resolution figure 9

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 6-27
 6.9 Optical Filter Characteristics Measurement

Procedure
Optical filter characteristics can be measured from the measured waveform of the light input to the
optical filter from the light source, as well as from the measured waveform light output from the
optical filter.

Filter measurement (single channel)

You can analyze a waveform whose number of modes is 1. Select from the following:
FILTER-PK: Filter peak analysis
FILTER-BTM: Filter bottom analysis

1. Press ANALYSIS. The ANALYSIS menu appears.

2. Tap Analysis 2. A menu appears for selecting the analysis function.
3. Tap FILTER-PK or FILTER-BTM. An analysis is performed, and the results are displayed in
the data area.

Data area

Change the
analysis
parameters.
Turns auto
analysis on
and off

6-28 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 6.9 Optical Filter Characteristics Measurement

Changing the filter peak analysis parameters 1

4. Select FILTER-PK in step 3, tap Parameter Setting. A Filter-PK analysis parameter setting
screen appears.
Set the peak level and peak wavelength (Page 1/4). 2

3
Executes
analysis

4

Set the spectral width and ripple 6

Set the center wavelength (Page 2/4). width (Page 3/4).

Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms

7

App
Set the crosstalk (Page 4/4).

Index

5. Set the analysis parameters on the setting window.

For instructions on how to select items and how to set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting
Started Guide.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 6-29
6.9 Optical Filter Characteristics Measurement

6. Tap Close Window or “X” in the upper right of the window. The WDM analysis parameter
setting window will close.
7. Tap Analysis Execute. An analysis is performed according to the changed parameters, and
the results are displayed in the data area and table.

Note
For details on the optical filter analysis algorithm and parameters, see appendix 6, “Optical Filter Analysis
Function.”

Changing the filter bottom analysis parameters

This is used if the optical filter is of a notch type rather than a pass band type.
4. Select FILTER-BTM in step 3, tap Parameter Setting. A Filter-PK analysis parameter setting
screen appears.
Set the bottom level, bottom wavelength,
and center wavelength (Page 1/3).

Executes
analysis

Set the notch width (Page 2/3). Set the crosstalk (Page 3/3).

5. Set the analysis parameters on the setting window.

For instructions on how to select items and how to set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting
Started Guide.
6. Tap Close Window or “X” in the upper right of the window. The WDM analysis parameter
setting window will close.

6-30 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 6.9 Optical Filter Characteristics Measurement

7. Tap Analysis Execute. An analysis is performed according to the changed parameters, and 1
the results are displayed in the data area and table.

Note 2
For details on the optical filter analysis algorithm and parameters, see appendix 6, “Optical Filter Analysis
Function.”

3
Filter measurement for WDM (multi channel)
You can analyze multi-mode waveforms. Select from the following:
WDM FIL-PK: WDM filter peak analysis 4
WDM FIL-BTM: WDM filter bottom analysis

1. Press ANALYSIS. The ANALYSIS menu appears. 5

2. Tap Analysis 2. A menu appears for selecting the analysis function.
3. Tap WDM FIL-PK or WDM FIL-BTM. An analysis is performed, and the results are displayed
in the data area. 6
You can use the SWITCH DISPLAY soft key to switch the analysis results screen.

Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms

TRACE & TABLE: A waveform and table are displayed.
TRACE: Only the waveform is displayed. 7
TABLE: Only the table is displayed.

Data area 8

Change the
analysis App
parameters.
Switches the
display screen
Turns auto
Index
analysis on
and off

List

Note
If you tap the analysis results list while the waveform is zoomed, the waveform of the channel you tapped
appears in the center of the waveform screen.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 6-31
6.9 Optical Filter Characteristics Measurement

Changing the WDM filter peak analysis parameters

4. Select WDM FIL-PK in step 3, tap Parameter Setting. A Filter-PK analysis parameter setting
screen appears.
Set the channel detection/nominal wavelength, peak
wavelength/level, and XdB width/center wavelength
(Page 1/3).

Executes
analysis

Set the XdB stop band and XdB Set the ripple and cross talk
pass band (Page 2/3). (Page 3/3).

5. Set the analysis parameters on the setting window.

For instructions on how to select items and how to set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting
Started Guide.
6. Tap Close Window or “X” in the upper right of the window. The WDM analysis parameter
setting window will close.
7. Tap Analysis Execute. An analysis is performed according to the changed parameters, and
the results are displayed in the data area and table.

Note
For details on the optical filter analysis algorithm and parameters, see appendix 6, “Optical Filter Analysis
Function.”

6-32 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 6.9 Optical Filter Characteristics Measurement

Changing the WDM filter bottom analysis parameters 1

4. Select WDM FIL-BTM in step 3, tap Parameter Setting. A Filter-PK analysis parameter setting
screen appears.
2
Set the channel detection/nominal wavelength and
bottom wavelength/level (Page 1/4).

3
Executes
analysis

4

Set the XdB notch width/center 6

wavelength and XdB stop band Set the XdB elimination band and
(Page 2/4). ripple (Page 3/4).

Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms

7

Set the crosstalk (Page 4/4).

App

Index

5. Set the analysis parameters on the setting window.

For instructions on how to select items and how to set values, see chapter 4 in the Getting
Started Guide.
6. Tap Close Window or “X” in the upper right of the window. The WDM analysis parameter
setting window will close.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 6-33
6.9 Optical Filter Characteristics Measurement

7. Tap Analysis Execute. An analysis is performed according to the changed parameters, and
the results are displayed in the data area and table.

Note
For details on the optical filter analysis algorithm and parameters, see appendix 6, “Optical Filter Analysis
Function.”

First measure the waveform of the wideband light source as a reference waveform, and then
subtract the WDM optical filter’s output waveform from the reference waveform to measure the
characteristics of the WDM optical filter.

Acquiring the waveform to be analyzed

The following configuration and general procedure is used to measure WDM optical filter
characteristics.
A pass band type WDM optical filter is used as an example.

Reference spectrum
Wideband light source

AQ6370E

ex. TRACE A

Spectrum measurement after passing through the filter

Wideband light source

AQ6370E

DUT

ex. TRACE B

6-34 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 6.9 Optical Filter Characteristics Measurement

Writing to trace A the waveform of the light source input to the optical filter 1
1. Input into the instrument the light emitted from the light source that is to be input to the optical
filter .
2. Press TRACE and then tap Active Trace to select A. 2

6
3. Tap View A to select DISP.

Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms

4. Tap Write A. Trace A is set to write mode.
5. Measure the signal light waveform according to measurement conditions for the signal light
7
waveform.
(For details on the measurement procedure, see chapter 3, “Measuring the Optical Spectrum.”)
6. Tap Fix A under TRACE. Trace A is set to fix mode. 8

Note
If all traces from trace A to trace G have been set to fix mode (FIX) as a result of step 6, a warning is
displayed. However, this does not pose a problem because trace B is set to write mode in the next step.
9

Writing to trace b the waveform of the output light from the optical filter
1. Apply the emitted light from the light source to the optical filter, and then apply the light that is App
output from the optical filter into the instrument.
2. Press TRACE and then tap Active Trace to select B.
3. Tap View B to select DISP. Index
4. Tap Write B. Trace B is set to write mode.
5. Measure the waveform of the output light with the same measurement conditions used for
measuring the light source waveform.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 6-35
6.9 Optical Filter Characteristics Measurement

Writing to trace c the difference between traces

2. Press TRACE and then tap Active Trace to select C.
3. Press the View C soft key and select DISP.
4. Tap Calculate C.
5. Tap Log Math. A menu appears for selecting the formula.
6. Tap C=A-B(LOG). The waveform obtained by subtracting the trace B waveform from the trace
A waveform is displayed in trace C.

Selects the
active trace
Set the trace
display.

6-36 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 6.9 Optical Filter Characteristics Measurement

Explanation 1

Setting WDM FIL-PK filter analysis parameters

WDM FIL-PK analysis parameters are broadly divided into the following two categories. 2
Change the parameter settings according to the analysis being performed.
• Channel detection parameters
• Parameter settings for each analysis item 3
For details on parameters, see appendix 6, “Details of Optical Filter Analysis Functions.”

Channel detection parameters 4

These parameters are used to set the algorithm and threshold level for WDM channel detection.

ALGO
Select one of the four algorithms shown below for detecting the WDM channel and analyzing the 5
reference wavelength of each channel.
• PEAK
• MEAN 6
• GRID FIT

Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms

• GRID
The channel detection and reference wavelength analysis results for each channel vary depending
7
on the algorithm selected.
• When PEAK is selected
Each mode peak is detected as a channel.
8
The peak wavelength of each channel is the reference wavelength.
• When MEAN is selected
Each mode peak is detected as a channel.
The 3 dB center wavelength of each channel is the reference wavelength. 9
• When GRID FIT is selected
The mode peak detected within grid wavelength ± (test band/2) is set as the channel.
The grid wavelength closest to each channel is the reference wavelength. App
• When GRID is selected
The wavelengths registered in the grid table wavelength are recognized as channels.
Grid wavelength is set as the reference wavelength. Index
THRESH LEVEL
This parameter sets the threshold level for channel detection.

MODE DIFF
This parameter sets the minimum value for the peak/bottom difference during channel peak
detection.

TEST BAND
This parameter sets the bandwidth for reference wavelength analysis.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 6-37
6.9 Optical Filter Characteristics Measurement

Parameter settings for each analysis item

Set the parameters of each WDM optical filter analysis item.
An analysis parameter setting screen appears.

Note
For details on the optical filter analysis algorithm and parameters, see appendix 6, “Optical Filter Analysis
Function.”

6-38 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 6.10 Measurement of Level Fluctuations in Single- 1
Wavelength Light (0 nm Sweeping)
Procedure 2
This function measures the changes over time in the level of a specific wavelength. It is useful
for purposes such as optical axis alignment when connecting an optical fiber to a light source.
The following discussion pertains to an example in which the spatial light of an He-Ne gas laser 3
(1523.488 nm) is input to an optical fiber.

Setting the center wavelength to 1523.488 nm

4
1. Press CENTER. The CENTER menu appears.
2. Tap Center. A center wavelength setting window appears.
5

Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms

7

3. Enter 1523.488 nm on the window. 9

Setting the resolution to 2.000 nm
4. Press SETUP. The SETUP menu appears.
App
5. Tap Resolution. A menu appears for selecting the resolution. A resolution setting window also
appears.

Index

6. Tap 2nm on the resolution selection menu, or enter 2 nm on the resolution setting window.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 6-39
6.10 Measurement of Level Fluctuations in Single- Wavelength Light (0 nm Sweeping)

Setting the sweep span to 0 nm

7. Press SPAN. A soft key menu appears for setting the sweep span.
8. Tap Span. A sweep span setting window appears.

Set the sweep span.

Set the sweep time.

9. Set the sweep span to 0 nm on the sweep span setting window.

The measurement start wavelength, measurement center wavelength, and measurement stop
wavelength are all set to 1523.488 nm.

Setting the sweep time

10. Tap 0 nm Sweep Time. A window appears for setting the sweep time.
11. Set the sweep time on the sweep time setting window.
12. Press SWEEP and then tap Repeat. Sweeping will begin.

Note
• When the sweep range is set to 0nm, the horizontal scale changes to time.
• The sweeping time varies depending on the measurement sensitivity (Sensitivity of the SETUP menu). If
the value set with this key is less than the sweep time for each sensitivity, the value becomes invalid and
the Minimum setting is used.

6-40 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 6.10 Measurement of Level Fluctuations in Single- Wavelength Light (0 nm Sweeping)

Explanation 1
The following figure shows the configuration for applying the spatial light of an He-Ne gas laser
(1523.488 nm) into an optical fiber.
2

AQ6370E 3
Spatial He-Ne gas laser
light

4
Optical fiber plug
Lens
The sweep span is set to 0 nm, the center wavelength is fixed, and the level of a single wavelength 5
of light is measured.
The optical fiber plug is adjusted while observing the displayed waveform so as to set the light
source input level to the peak. 6
0nm Sweep Time

Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms

When the sweep span is 0 nm, the horizontal scale is time.
Set the time required to measure from the left edge to the right edge of the screen. 7
You can set the value to Minimum or between 1 to 50 s. You can set it in steps of 1 s. If COARSE is
enabled in the setting window, you can set the value in 1-2-5 steps.
If you enter 0, Minimum will be shown on the display. 8
Note that the sweep time varies depending on the measurement sensitivity (Sensitivity of the
SETUP menu). If the value set with this key is less than the sweep time for each sensitivity, the
value becomes invalid and the Minimum setting is used. 9
The sampling points are automatically set to 1001.

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 6-41
 6.11 Editing the Grid Table

Procedure
Editing the standard grid table
1. Press ANALYSIS. The ANALYSIS menu appears.
2. Press the More 1/2 soft key to display the More 2/2 menu.
3. Tap Grid Setting. A grid table edit menu appears.

Set the start wavelength or frequency of the grid.

Set the stop wavelength or frequency of the grid.

Set the reference frequency of the grid.

Set the grid spacing.

Note
The unit for Grid Start and Stop settings varies depending on the Marker unit. Set Reference Frequency
and Spacing in units of frequency (Hz) regardless of the Marker unit.

Switching the unit of the wavelength scale to frequency on the grid table
1. Press MARKER.
2. Tap More to display the More 3/3 menu.
3. Tap Marker Unit. A menu appears for selecting the maker unit.
4. Tap nm, THz, or cm-1.
For details on setting the marker, see Chapter 5, “Displaying Measured Values and Calculated
Values Using Markers.”

6-42 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 6.11 Editing the Grid Table

Explanation 1
Grid table
A grid table contains wavelengths (frequencies) that are referenced by part of the analysis function
when it is executed.
2
Grid spacing
(Spacing)

3
Grid
POWER

Wavelength or frequency
START Reference frequency STOP
6
(Reference Frequency)

Analyzing Optical Spectral Waveforms

• Start
Set the start point. 7
• Stop
Set the stop point.
8
• Reference Frequency
Set the reference frequency of the grid table. You can set the value between 125.00 THz and
250.00 THz. 9
• Spacing
Set the frequency spacing.
App
Note
For details on the grid table, see appendix 1, “WDM Wavelength Grid Table.”

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 6-43
Chapter 7 Saving and Loading Data

7.1 USB Storage Devices 1

Compatible USB storage devices 2

The instrument supports USB memory devices and hard drives compliant with USB 1.0 or USB 2.0.
For more details, contact your nearest YOKOGAWA dealer.
3
Removing a USB storage device
Be sure to follow the procedure below to remove a USB storage device.
When several USB storage devices are connected, the instrument recognizes the storage device 4
connected first. To remove a storage device connected later, follow the procedure below to remove
the earliest connected storage device, restart the instrument, and then remove the next storage
device by following the procedure below. 5
1. Press FILE. The FILE menu appears.
Check whether Remove USB Storage is unavailable (dimmed). If it is, the USB storage
6
device can be removed.
2. If Remove USB Storage is available, tap Remove USB Storage. The Remove USB Storage
soft key becomes unavailable (dimmed), and the USB storage device can be removed.
7

Saving and Loading Data

8

9
Removable state

App

Index

Note
For handling storage devices, follow the instruction manual supplied with the storage device.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 7-1
 7.2 Saving and Loading Waveform Data

Procedure
You can save waveforms displayed on the instrument to a USB storage device or internal memory
and load data from a USB storage device.
For details on file operation, see section 7.7, “File Operations.”

CAUTION
Do not remove the USB storage device or turn off the power when the USB storage device
access indicator is blinking. Doing so may damage the USB storage device or corrupt its
data.
Before you remove a USB storage device, be sure to follow the procedure in section 7.1 to
make the USB storage device ready to be removed.

French

ATTENTION
Ne retirez pas le périphérique de stockage USB et ne coupez pas l'alimentation lorsque
l'indicateur d'accès au périphérique de stockage USB clignote. Cela pourrait endommager le
périphérique de stockage USB ou corrompre ses données.
Avant de retirer un périphérique de stockage USB, assurez-vous de suivre la procédure de la
section 7.1 pour que le périphérique de stockage USB soit prêt à être retiré.

Saving trace data

Selecting the format of files saved automatically with file names
1. Press FILE. The FILE menu appears.
2. Tap Auto File Name. Select Num (serial number) or Date (date).

Note
You can also set this on the Save window, described later.

7-2 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 7.2 Saving and Loading Waveform Data

Setting the type of file to save to Trace 1

3. Tap Item Select. The Item Select menu appears.
4. Tap Trace. Trace is selected, and the menu returns to the previous level.
2

6
Selecting the trace to save, save destination, and data format
5 Tap Save. A Save window appears.
7
6. Tap the trace you want to save.
7.

Saving and Loading Data

In the file list, open the folder you want to save waveform data in.
8. Tap Binary or CSV to select the data format. 8
Moves to the higher-level folder
Select the trace to save. Select the file list sort method.
Select what to Select the file list display mode
save (select (List, Thumbnail, Preview). 9
Trace). Select the storage area (INT, EXT).
Add a folder.
Rename a folder
or file.
App
Delete folders
and files.

Index
Save destination
path

Select the format when

assigning file names
automatically (Num,
Date).
Type of data to be saved
Closes the window
Starts saving
File name
Serial number (Num): Wxxxx (xxxx: serial number)
Date (Date): WyyyyMMdd_hhmmss
(yyyy: year, MM: month, dd: day, hh: hour, mm: minute, ss: second)
When assigning a specific file name, enter the file name.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 7-3
7.2 Saving and Loading Waveform Data

Specifying a file name

You can save waveform data by specifying a file name.
If you do not specify a file name, the file will automatically be assigned a name using a serial
number or date.
9. In the Save window, tap the file name display area twice. A keyboard appears.
10. Enter a file name using the keyboard, and tap Done.
The file name will be entered.

Saving the file

11. On the Save window, tap Save. The file is saved.
If you tap Close before you tap Save, the window will close without saving the data.
12 When overwriting a file, a confirmation message appears. Tap OK.
To cancel overwriting, tap Cancel.

7-4 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 7.2 Saving and Loading Waveform Data

Loading trace data 1

Setting the type of file to load to TRACE
The instrument can load trace data saved in binary format (.WXD) or CSV format.
2
1. Press FILE. The FILE menu appears.
2. Tap Item Select. A menu appears for selecting the file type.
3. Tap Trace. Trace is selected, and the menu returns to the previous level. 3
4. Tap Load. A Load window appears.
Moves to the higher-level folder
Select what to load (select Trace). 4
Select the file list sort method.
Select the file list display mode
(List, Thumbnail, Preview).
Select the storage area (INT, EXT). 5
Current Select the load
folder destination.

Saving and Loading Data

8

Select the trace to load. Starts loading Closes the

window App

Loading the File

5. On the Load window, tap Load. The file is loaded. Index
If you tap Close before you tap Load, the window will close without loading the trace.
If you select a trace number that already has trace data loaded and execute the load, the data
will be overwritten with the new trace data.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 7-5
7.2 Saving and Loading Waveform Data

Explanation
You can save the data of traces A to G to internal memory or a USB storage device or load
previously saved data to trace A to G.

Data format
You can save data in the following two data formats.
BIN
Data is saved in binary format.
The data can be loaded into the instrument, and waveforms can be displayed.
The file size will be smaller than that of ASCII format.
The extension is .WXD.
CSV
Data is saved in comma-separated (CSV) ASCII format.
The data can be loaded into the instrument, and waveforms can be displayed.
You can view the waveform data directly using an external application. The file size will be larger
than that of binary format.
The extension is .CSV.

File name
You can save files by assigning their names automatically or with specific names.
If you do not specify a file name, the following file name will be assigned automatically according to
the Auto File Name setting.
When Auto File Name is set to NUM
File name: WXXXX.CSV (or .WXD)
XXXX is a serial number from 0000 to 9999.
When Auto File Name is set to DATE
File name: WyyyyMMdd_hhmmss.CSV (or .WXD)
yyyyMMdd: Year (Gregorian) month day
hhmmss: Hour (24 hours) minute second
(Date/time when the file list was updated)

Note
• The date and time used to assign a name to a file created with a remote or program command are the
date and time when the file was created.
• The maximum number of characters that you can use for a file name is 56 (including the extension).
The characters that you can use are shown below.
!#$%&’()-
0123456789@
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ^
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{}¯

7-6 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 7.2 Saving and Loading Waveform Data

File size 1
The file size varies depending on the data that you are saving. Check that there is sufficient free
space at the storage destination before saving the data.
2

CSV data format

CSV data is saved in the following format. 3
70ECSV
// AQ6370E OPTICAL SPECTRUM ANALYZER // Header block
40
"CTRWL",1553.200000 4
"SPAN", 20.000000
"START WL",1543.200000
"STOP WL",1563.200000
"WLFREQ", 0 5
"REFL",-10.0
"LSCL",10.0
"RESLN",0.200
"CUSTOM RES", 0
"AVG", 1 6
"SMPLAUTO", 0
"SMPL", 1001
"SMPLINTVL",0.02
"HIGH 1" 7
"SENS LEVEL",-80 Measurement condition parameters
"MEAS" (fixed to 40 lines)

Saving and Loading Data

"LSUNT",0
"NMSKV","OFF"
"RESCOR",0
8
"SMOOTH",0
“FIBERTYPE”,0
"MEASWL",1
“HCDR”,0 9
"MODELNAME",AQ6370E
"CHGPT", 0
"NEBWCAL0",10020
"NEBWCAL1",10020 App
"NEBWCALWL", 0
"RESCAL0_0", 9076
"RESCAL0_1", -1
"RESCAL0_2", 691
"RESCAL1_0", 10000
Index
"RESCAL1_1", 0
"RESCAL1_2", 0
“CORESIZE”,0

[TRACE DATA] Measurement data block start header

1543.2000, -66.267
1543.2200, -66.295 Measurement data block
Sample points of waveform data
1563.2000, -65.371

Header block
70ECSV File header
// AQ6370E OPTICAL SPECTRUM ANALYZER // Label (56 characters)
40 Number of lines containing measurement
condition parameters
IM AQ6370E-01EN 7-7
7.2 Saving and Loading Waveform Data

Measurement condition parameters

"CTRWL",1553.200000 Center wavelength
"SPAN", 20.000000 Sweep span
"START WL",1543.200000 Measurement start wavelength
"STOP WL",1563.200000 Measurement stop wavelength
"WLFREQ", 0 Horizontal scale mode
(0: wavelength mode, 1: frequency mode)
"REFL",-10.0 Reference level
"LSCL",10.0 Main level scale
"RESLN",0.200 Measurement resolution
"CUSTOM RES", 0 User-specified resolution value
"AVG", 1 Average times
"SMPLAUTO", 0 Sample points setting mode
(0: AUTO, 1: MANUAL, 2: SMPL INTERVAL)
"SMPL", 1001 Number of measured sampling points
"SMPLINTVL",0.02 Measurement sampling interval
"HIGH1" Measurement sensitivity
("GATE LOGIC") Gate signal logic
Saved only when gate mode is enabled
POSI or NEGA (POSI: 0, NEGA: 1)
"SENS LEVEL",-70 Sensitivity level
"MEAS" Measurement type
"LSUNT",0 Vertical scale mode (0: dBm, 1: dBm/nm)
"NMSKV","OFF" Noise mask setting
(NMSKV: VERTICAL, NMSKH: HORIZONTAL)
"RESCOR",0 Software resolution correction (0: OFF, 1: ON)
"SMOOTH",0 Smoothing (0: OFF, 1: ON)
"FIBERTYPE" Fiber connector type (0: Norm, 1: Angled)
"MEASWL",1 Wavelength in air or vacuum (0: AIR, 1: VACUUM)
"HCDR",0 High close-in dynamic range mode
(only for high performance model(AQ6370E-20))
"MODELNAME",AQ6370E Model name
"CHGPT",0 Point where the order of diffraction changes from 2nd to 1st.
(if the order of diffraction does not change,
-1: measure all using 2nd order light,
0: measure all using 1st order light)
"NEBWCAL0",10020 Parameter for internal computation (for manufacturer adjustment)
"NEBWCAL1",1002 Parameter for internal computation (for manufacturer adjustment)
"NEBWCALWL", 0 Parameter for internal computation (for manufacturer adjustment)
"RESCAL0_0", 9076 Parameter for internal computation (for manufacturer adjustment)
"RESCAL0_1", -1 Parameter for internal computation (for manufacturer adjustment)
"RESCAL0_2", 691 Parameter for internal computation (for manufacturer adjustment)
"RESCAL1_0", 10000 Parameter for internal computation (for manufacturer adjustment)
"RESCAL1_1", 0 Parameter for internal computation (for manufacturer adjustment)
"RESCAL1_2", 0 Parameter for internal computation (for manufacturer adjustment)
"CORESIZE",0 Fiber core size
(0: Standard mode, 1: Large core size fiber mode)

7-8 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 7.2 Saving and Loading Waveform Data

The reference level and main level scale are saved to one of the following depending on the vertical 1
scale.
Main level scale
Vertical scale Save format Description
LOG “REFL”,***.* Reference level
2
“LSCL”,**.* Level scale
Linear “REFL”,***.* Reference level
“LSCL”,-**.* Level scale
“BASEL”,*.*********** Base level 3
Sub level scale
Vertical scale Save format Description
LOG “REFL”,***.* Reference level 4
“SSCLG”,***.* Level scale
“LOFST“,***.* Level offset
Linear “REFL”,***.* Reference level
“SSCLN“,-*.*** Level scale 5
"SMIN“,**.** Base level
% “REFL“,***.* Reference level
“SSPS“,***.* Level scale
“SMINP“,***.* Base level 6
Measurement sensitivity
The data below is saved as measurement sensitivity depending on the measurement sensitivity
type. 7
• When Chop Mode is set to Off

Saving and Loading Data

Format
Measurement Normal PEAK HOLD EXT TRIGGER GATE MODE 8
sensitivity measurement Peak hold External trigger Gate mode
measurement measurement measurement
N/HOLD(x2) "NORM_HLD(x2)" - - -
N/HOLD
N/AUTO(x2)
"NORM_HLD"
"NORM_AUT(x2)"
"P-NORM_HLD"
-
"E-NORM_HLD"
-
"G-NORM_HLD"
-
9
N/AUTO "NORM_AUT" "P-NORM_AUT" "E-NORM_AUT" "G-NORM_AUT"
NORMAL(x2) "NORMAL(x2)" - - -
NORMAL "NORMAL" "P-NORMAL" "E-NORMAL" "G-NORMAL"
App
MID(x2) "MID(x2)" - - -
MID "MID" "P-MID" "E-MID" "G-MID"
HIGH1(x2) "HIGH1(x2)" - - -
HIGH1 "HIGH1" "P-HIGH1" "E-HIGH1" "G-HIGH1"
HIGH2(x2) "HIGH2(x2)" - - -
Index
HIGH2 "HIGH2" "P-HIGH2" "E-HIGH2" "G-HIGH2"
HIGH3(x2) "HIGH3(x2)" - - -
HIGH3 "HIGH3" "P-HIGH3" "E-HIGH3" "G-HIGH3"
MID/SMSR "MID_SMSR - - -
HIGH1/SMSR "HIGH1_SMSR" - - -

IM AQ6370E-01EN 7-9
7.2 Saving and Loading Waveform Data

• When Chop Mode is set to Switch

Format
Measurement Normal PEAK HOLD EXT TRIGGER GATE MODE
sensitivity measurement Peak hold External trigger Gate mode
measurement measurement measurement
N/HOLD(x2) "NORM_HLD(x2)" - - -
N/HOLD "NORM_HLD" "P-NORM_HLD" "E-NORM_HLD" "G-NORM_HLD"
N/AUTO(x2) "NORM_AUT(x2)" - - -
N/AUTO "NORM_AUT" "P-NORM_AUT" "E-NORM_AUT" "G-NORM_AUT"
NORMAL(x2) "NORMAL(x2)" - - -
NORMAL "NORMAL" "P-NORMAL" "E-NORMAL" "G-NORMAL"
MID(x2) "MID(x2)_SW" - - -
MID "MID_SW" "P-MID_SW" "E-MID_SW" "G-MID"
HIGH1(x2) "HIGH1(x2)_SW" - - -
HIGH1 "HIGH1_SW" "P-HIGH1_SW" "E-HIGH1_SW" "G-HIGH1"
HIGH2(x2) "HIGH2(x2)_SW" - - -
HIGH2 "HIGH2_SW" "P-HIGH2_SW" "E-HIGH2_SW" "G-HIGH2"
HIGH3(x2) "HIGH3(x2)_SW" - - -
HIGH3 "HIGH3_SW" "P-HIGH3_SW" "E-HIGH3_SW" "G-HIGH3"

Measurement type
The data below is saved as a waveform identifier depending on the waveform type.
Format Waveform Format Waveform Format Waveform type
type type
“MEAS” WRITE “D+E” D+E(LOG) “E-FL” E-F(LIN)
“MAXH” MAX HOLD “C+DL” C+D(LIN) “F-EL” F-E(LIN)
“MINH” MIN HOLD “C-DL” C-D(LIN) “NORM A” NORM A
“RAVG”, *** ROLL AVG “D-CL” D-C(LIN) “NORM B” NORM B
“A-B” A-B(LOG) “D+EL” D+E(LIN) “NORM C” NORM C
“B-A” B-A(LOG) “D-EL” D-E(LIN) “CVFT A”,** CRV FIT A
“A+B” A+B(LOG) “E-DL” E-D(LIN) “CVFT B”,** CRV FIT B
“A-BL” A-B(LIN) “C-F” C-F(LOG) “CVFT C”,** CRV FIT C
“B-AL” B-A(LIN) “F-C” F-C(LOG) “CVFTPK A”,** PKCVFIT A
“A+BL” A+B(LIN) “E-F” E-F(LOG) “CVFTPK B”,** PKCVFIT B
“1-K(A/B)”,*****.**** 1-K(A/B) “F-E” F-E(LOG) “CVFTPK C”,** PKCVFIT C
“1-K(B/A)”,*****.**** 1-K(B/A) “C+F” C+F(LOG) “MKRFT”,** MKR FIT
“C-D” C-D(LOG) “E+F” E+F(LOG) “PWRNBW A”,** Power NBW A
“D-C” D-C(LOG) “C+FL” C+F(LIN) “PWRNBW B”,** Power NBW B
“D-E” D-E(LOG) “C-FL” C-F(LIN) “PWRNBW C”,** Power NBW C
“E-D” E-D(LOG) “F-CL” F-C(LIN) “PWRNBW D”,** Power NBW D
“C+D” C+D(LOG) “E+FL” E+F(LIN) “PWRNBW E”,** Power NBW E

7-10 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 7.2 Saving and Loading Waveform Data

Waveform data block 1

The measured waveform data is stored as sets of wavelength (in nm) and level. The number of
sets equals the number of measurement samples.
Waveforms measured in frequency mode are stored using their frequencies (THz). 2
Level values are stored as log values if the vertical scale is LOG, and as linear values if the vertical
scale is linear.

Log scale 3
[TRACE DATA] Header indicating the start of the trace data
****.****, ±***.***(CR)(LF) Wavelength value, level value (LOG) of the first point
****.****, ±***.***(CR)(LF) Wavelength value, level value (LOG) of the second 4
point
:
****.****, ±***.***(CR)(LF) Wavelength value, level value (LOG) of the last point
5
Linear scale
[TRACE DATA] Header indicating the start of the trace data
****.****,*.***E±***(CR)(LF) Wavelength value, level value (linear) of the first point
6
****.****,*.***E±***(CR)(LF) Wavelength value, level value (linear) of the second
point
:
****.****,*.***E±***(CR)(LF) Wavelength value, level value (linear) of the last point
7

Saving and Loading Data

8

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 7-11
 7.3 Saving and Loading Waveform Data (All Trace)

Procedure
You can save waveform data (all measured trace data) displayed on the instrument to a USB
storage device and load data from a USB storage device.

CAUTION
Do not remove the USB storage device or turn off the power when the USB storage device
access indicator is blinking. Doing so may damage the USB storage device or corrupt its
data.
Before you remove a USB storage device, be sure to follow the procedure in section 7.1 to
make the USB storage device ready to be removed.

French

ATTENTION
Ne retirez pas le périphérique de stockage USB et ne coupez pas l'alimentation lorsque
l'indicateur d'accès au périphérique de stockage USB clignote. Cela pourrait endommager le
périphérique de stockage USB ou corrompre ses données.
Avant de retirer un périphérique de stockage USB, assurez-vous de suivre la procédure de la
section 7.1 pour que le périphérique de stockage USB soit prêt à être retiré.

Saving all trace data

Selecting the format of files saved automatically with file names
1. Press FILE. The FILE menu appears.
2. Tap Auto File Name. Select Num (serial number) or Date (date).

Note
You can also set this on the Save window, described later.

7-12 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 7.3 Saving and Loading Waveform Data (All Trace)

Setting the type of file to save to All Trace 1

3. Tap Item Select. A menu appears for selecting the file type.
4. Tap All Trace. All Trace is selected, and the menu returns to the previous level.
2

6
Selecting the Save Destination and Data Format
5 Tap Save. A Save window appears.
7
6. In the file list, open the folder you want to save setting data in.
7.

Saving and Loading Data

Tap Binary or CSV to select the data format.
Moves to the
higher-level folder
Select the file list sort method. 8
Select the file list display mode
(List, Thumbnail, Preview).
Select what to
save (select All Select the storage area (INT, EXT).
Trace). Add a folder. 9
Rename a folder
or file.
Delete folders
and files. App

Save destination
folder
Index

Select the format when

assigning file names
automatically (Num,
Date).
Select the data format.
Closes the window
Starts saving
File name
Serial number (Num): Axxxx (xxxx: serial number)
Date (Date): AyyyyMMdd_hhmmss
(yyyy: year, MM: month, dd: day, hh: hour, mm: minute, ss: second)
When assigning a specific file name, enter the file name.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 7-13
7.3 Saving and Loading Waveform Data (All Trace)

Specifying a file name

You can save all trace waveform data by specifying a file name.
If you do not specify a file name, the file will automatically be assigned a name using a serial
number or date.
8. In the Save window, tap the file name display area twice. A keyboard appears.
9. Enter a file name using the keyboard, and tap Done.
The file name will be entered.

Saving the file

10. On the Save window, tap Save. The file is saved.
If you tap Close before you tap Save, the window will close without saving the data.
11. When overwriting a file, a confirmation message appears. Tap OK.
To cancel overwriting, tap Cancel.

7-14 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 7.3 Saving and Loading Waveform Data (All Trace)

Loading All Trace Data 1

Setting the type of file to load to All Trace
The instrument can load all trace waveform data saved in binary format (.WAD) or CSV format.
2
1. Press FILE. The FILE menu appears.
2. Tap Item Select. A menu appears for selecting the file type.
3. Tap All Trace. All Trace is selected, and the menu returns to the previous level. 3
4. Tap Load. A Load window appears.

Select what to load (select All Trace).

Select the file list sort method.
4
Moves to the Select the file list display mode
higher-level folder (List, Thumbnail, Preview).
Select the storage area (INT, EXT).
5
Current folder

Saving and Loading Data

8

9
Select the setting data to Starts loading Closes the
load. window
Loading the File App
5. On the Load window, tap Load. The file is loaded.
If you tap Close before you tap Load, the window will close without loading the setting data.
Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 7-15
7.3 Saving and Loading Waveform Data (All Trace)

Explanation
You can save measured waveform data in a single file in the internal memory or a USB storage
device and load previously saved data into traces A and G and display it.

Data format
You can save data in the following two data formats.
BIN
Data is saved in binary format. The data can be loaded into the instrument, and waveforms can be
displayed.
The file size will be smaller than that of ASCII format.
The extension is .WAD.
CSV
Data is saved in comma-separated (CSV) ASCII format. The data can be loaded into the
instrument, and waveforms can be displayed.
You can view the waveform data directly using an external application. The file size will be larger
than that of binary format.
The extension is .CSV.

File name
You can save files by assigning their names automatically or with specific names.
If you do not specify a file name, the following file name will be assigned automatically according to
the Auto File Name setting.
When Auto File Name is set to Num
File name: AXXXX.CSV (or .WAD)
XXXX is a serial number from 0000 to 9999.
When Auto File Name is set to Date
File name: AyyyyMMdd_hhmmss.CSV (or .WAD)
yyyyMMdd: Year (Gregorian) month day
hhmmss: Hour (24 hours) minute second
(Date/time when the file list was updated)

Note
• The date and time used to assign a name to a file created with a remote or program command are the
date and time when the file was created.
• The maximum number of characters that you can use for a file name is 56 (including the extension).
The characters that you can use are shown below.
!#$%&’()-
0123456789@
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ^
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{}¯

File size
The file size varies depending on the data that you are saving. Check that there is sufficient free
space at the storage destination before saving the data.

7-16 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 7.3 Saving and Loading Waveform Data (All Trace)

CSV data format 1

CSV data is saved in the following format.

70ECSVG Header 2
//AQ6370E OPTICAL SPECTRUM ANALYZER //
[MEAS SETTING]
Measurement conditions of the last measurement (Meas[])

[TRACE SETTING] 3
Trace settings
WRITE/FIX/CALC etc., presence/absence of measured data
[TRACE A] Measurement
condition
TRACE header information
parameters
4

………
[TRACE G]
TRACE header information

[TRACE DATA]
5
TrA(WL),TrA(LEVEL)[LOG],………,TrG(WL),TrG(LEVEL)[LIN]
****.***,***.***, ……………, ****.***, ***.***E***
Waveform data
Wavelength, Wavelength, Wavelength, block
level level level 6
(TRACE A) (TRACE B) (TRACE G)

Header
70ECSVG File header
7
// AQ6370E OPTICAL SPECTRUM ANALYZER // Label (56 characters)

Saving and Loading Data

Measurement condition parameters 8
Measurement conditions of each trace, measurement conditions when files were saved, and trace
settings are saved.
[MEAS SETTING] section: Measurement settings when files were saved
9
[TRACE SETTING] section: Trace settings
(active trace information, each trace’s settings, presence/absence
of measured data)
[TRACE A] to [TRACE G]: Measurement conditions for each trace App
The waveform condition format is the same as that of the waveform file.
See section 7.2, “Saving and Loading Waveform Data.”
Index
Measured data
The measured waveform data of traces A through G are saved as wavelength and level vales of the
measured number of samples.
Unmeasured trace data is not saved.
Waveforms measured in Frequency mode are saved as frequency values.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 7-17
 7.4 Saving Analysis Data

Procedure
You can save analysis results, the time when the data was saved, and waveform data in ASCII
format.

CAUTION
Do not remove the USB storage device or turn off the power when the USB storage device
access indicator is blinking. Doing so may damage the USB storage device or corrupt its
data. Before you remove a USB storage device, be sure to follow the procedure in section 7.1
to make the USB storage device ready to be removed.

French

ATTENTION
Ne retirez pas le périphérique de stockage USB et ne coupez pas l'alimentation lorsque
l'indicateur d'accès au périphérique de stockage USB clignote. Cela pourrait endommager le
périphérique de stockage USB ou corrompre ses données.
Avant de retirer un périphérique de stockage USB, assurez-vous de suivre la procédure de la
section 7.1 pour que le périphérique de stockage USB soit prêt à être retiré.

Saving Analysis Data

Selecting the format of files saved automatically with file names
Select the method of automatically setting the file name by referring to page 7-2.
Setting the type of file to save to Data
1. Press FILE. The FILE menu appears.
2. Tap Item Select. A menu appears for selecting the file type.
3. Tap Data. Data is selected, and the menu returns to the previous level.

Note
You can also set this on the Save window, described later.

7-18 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 7.4 Saving Analysis Data

Selecting the data items to save and save destination 1

5 Tap Save. A Save window appears.
6. Select the check boxes of the data items you want to save.
7. In the file list, open the folder you want to save analysis data in.
2
Select the data Moves to the higher-level folder
you want to save. Select the file list sort method.
Select the file list display mode 3
Select what to (List, Thumbnail, Preview).
save (select
Select the storage area (INT, EXT).
Data).
Add a folder.
Rename a folder
4
or file.
Delete folders
and files.
5

Save destination
folder
6
Select the format when
assigning file names
automatically (Num,
Date).
7
Select whether to
overwrite or add.

Saving and Loading Data

Closes the window
Starts saving 8
File name
Serial number (Num): Dxxxx (xxxx: serial number)
Date (Date): DyyyyMMdd_hhmmss
(yyyy: year, MM: month, dd: day, hh: hour, mm: minute, ss: second)
When assigning a specific file name, enter the file name. 9
Specifying a file name
You can save analysis data by specifying a file name.
If you do not specify a file name, the file will automatically be assigned a name using a serial
App
number or date.
8. In the Save window, tap the file name display area twice. A keyboard appears.
Index
9. Enter a file name using the keyboard, and tap Done.
The file name will be entered.

Saving the file

10. On the Save window, tap Save. The file is saved.
If you tap Close before you tap Save, the window will close without saving the data.
11. When overwriting a file, a confirmation message appears. Tap OK.
To cancel overwriting, tap Cancel.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 7-19
7.4 Saving Analysis Data

Explanation
Data format
Analysis results saved in comma-separated (CSV) ASCII format.
You can set the file list display mode to preview to preview the analysis results.
The extension assigned to files when analysis results are saved is as follows:
CSV (ASCII format): .CSV

File name
You can save files by assigning their names automatically or with specific names.
If you do not specify a file name, the following file name will be assigned automatically according to
the Auto File Name setting.
When Auto File Name is set to NUM
File name: DXXXX.CSV
XXXX is a serial number from 0000 to 9999.
When Auto File Name is set to Date
File name: DyyyyMMdd_hhmmss.CSV
yyyyMMdd: Year (Gregorian) month day
hhmmss: Hour (24 hours) minute second
(Date/time when the file list was updated)

Note
• The date and time used to assign a name to a file created with a remote or program command are the
date and time when the file was created.
• The maximum number of characters that you can use for a file name is 56 (including the extension).
The characters that you can use are shown below.
!#$%&’()-
0123456789@
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ^
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{}¯

7-20 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 7.4 Saving Analysis Data

Data to save 1
The following data can be saved.
Saved item Default value Description
Date Time ON Date and time 2
Label ON Label
Data Area ON Data area value
Condition ON Measurement conditions
Trace Data OFF Trace data 3
Output Window OFF Data exported to the output window of the program function

File size 4
The file size varies depending on the data that you are saving. Check that there is sufficient free
space at the storage destination before saving the data.

5
Overwriting
If a file with the same name exists at the save destination, you can select whether to overwrite the
file or add data to the file. 6
Overwrite: The file is overwritten.
Add: Data is added to the existing data in the file.
7

Saving and Loading Data

8

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 7-21
7.4 Saving Analysis Data

Data format
The analysis data format is shown below.
70EDAT2 Label
// AQ6370E OPTICAL SPECTRUM ANALYZER //
Date/time saved
2023 May 10 16:55
<FP-LD ANALYSIS>
MEAN WL: 1556.2653nm SPEC WIDTH: 4.3155nm Header and data of
PEAK WL: 1558.1610nm PEAK LEVEL: -2.62dBm analysis results
MODE NO: 8
TOTAL POWER: 5.44dBm
"CTRWL",1556.135000
"SPAN",10.000000
"REFL"[dBm],-10.0
"LSCL",10.0
"RESLN",0.050 Measurement condition parameters
"AVG",1
"SMPL",10001
"MID"
"NMSK",OFF
1551.1350, -27.795 Sample points of waveform data
1551.1360, -27.794 (wavelength and level values)

7-22 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 7.5 Saving and Loading Setting Data 1

Procedure 2
You can save the instrument’s measurement conditions and settings to a file in binary format.

3
CAUTION
Do not remove the USB storage device or turn off the power when the USB storage device
access indicator is blinking. Doing so may damage the USB storage device or corrupt its
4
data.
Before you remove a USB storage device, be sure to follow the procedure in section 7.1 to
make the USB storage device ready to be removed.
5
French

ATTENTION 6
Ne retirez pas le périphérique de stockage USB et ne coupez pas l'alimentation lorsque
l'indicateur d'accès au périphérique de stockage USB clignote. Cela pourrait endommager le
périphérique de stockage USB ou corrompre ses données. 7
Avant de retirer un périphérique de stockage USB, assurez-vous de suivre la procédure de la

Saving and Loading Data

section 7.1 pour que le périphérique de stockage USB soit prêt à être retiré.
8
Saving setting data
Selecting the format of files saved automatically with file names
1. Press FILE. The FILE menu appears.
9
2. Tap Auto File Name. Select Num (serial number) or Date (date).

App

Index

Note
You can also set this on the Save window, described later.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 7-23
7.5 Saving and Loading Setting Data

Setting the type of file to save to Setting

3. Tap Item Select. A menu appears for selecting the file type.
4. Tap Setting. Setting is selected, and the menu returns to the previous level.

Selecting the save destination

5 Tap Save. A Save window appears.
6. In the file list, open the folder you want to save setting data in.
Select the file list sort method.
Moves to the Select the file list display mode
higher-level folder (List, Thumbnail, Preview).
Select what to Select the storage area (INT, EXT).
save (select Add a folder.
Setting).
Rename a folder
or file.
Delete folders
and files.

Save destination
folder

Select the format when

assigning file names
automatically (Num,
Date).

Closes the window

Starts saving
File name
Serial number (Num): Sxxxx (xxxx: serial number)
Date (Date): SyyyyMMdd_hhmmss
(yyyy: year, MM: month, dd: day, hh: hour, mm: minute, ss: second)
When assigning a specific file name, enter the file name.

7-24 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 7.5 Saving and Loading Setting Data

Specifying a file name

1
You can save setting data by specifying a file name.
If you do not specify a file name, the file will automatically be assigned a name using a serial
number or date. 2
7. In the Save window, tap the file name display area twice. A keyboard appears.
8. Enter a file name using the keyboard, and tap Done.
3
The file name will be entered.

Saving the file

9. On the Save window, tap Save. The file is saved. 4
If you tap Close before you tap Save, the window will close without saving the data.
10. When overwriting a file, a confirmation message appears. Tap OK.
To cancel overwriting, tap Cancel.
5

Loading setting data 6

Setting the type of file to load to Setting
1. Press FILE. The FILE menu appears.
2. Tap Item Select. A menu appears for selecting the file type. 7
3. Tap Setting. Setting is selected, and the menu returns to the previous level.

Saving and Loading Data

4. Tap Load. A Load window appears.
8
Select what to load (select Setting).
Select the file list sort method.
Select the file list display mode
(List, Thumbnail, Preview). 9
Moves to the
Select the storage area (INT, EXT).
higher-level folder
Current folder
App

Index

Select the setting data Starts loading Closes the

to load. window

IM AQ6370E-01EN 7-25
7.5 Saving and Loading Setting Data

Loading the File

5. On the Load window, tap Load. The file is loaded.
If you tap Close before you tap Load, the window will close without loading the setting data.

Explanation
You can save setting data to the internal memory or USB storage device and also load setting data
saved previously and change the instrument settings.

Data format
Setting data is saved in binary format.
Data is saved to a file with .STD extension.

File name
You can save files by assigning their names automatically or with specific names.
If you do not specify a file name, the following file name will be assigned automatically according to
the Auto File Name setting.
When Auto File Name is set to Num
File name: SXXXX.STD
XXXX is a serial number from 0000 to 9999.
When Auto File Name is set to Date
File name: SyyyyMMdd_hhmmss.STD
yyyyMMdd: Year (Gregorian) month day
hhmmss: Hour (24 hours) minute second
(Date/time when the file list was updated)

Note
• The date and time used to assign a name to a file created with a remote or program command are the
date and time when the file was created.
• The maximum number of characters that you can use for a file name is 56 (including the extension).
The characters that you can use are shown below.
!#$%&’()-
0123456789@
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ^
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{}¯

File size
The file size is about 74 KB.

Settings That Can Be Saved

Settings (table of default settings) appearing in the explanation of section 9.9 can be saved.
Settings and values that cannot be saved are indicated in the notes column in the table of default
settings.

7-26 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 7.6 Saving Screen Capture Data 1

Procedure 2
You can capture the screen and save it in a file.

3
CAUTION
Do not remove the USB storage device or turn off the power when the USB storage device
access indicator is blinking. Doing so may damage the USB storage device or corrupt its 4
data.
Before you remove a USB storage device, be sure to follow the procedure in section 7.1 to
make the USB storage device ready to be removed.
5
French

6
ATTENTION
Ne retirez pas le périphérique de stockage USB et ne coupez pas l'alimentation lorsque
l'indicateur d'accès au périphérique de stockage USB clignote. Cela pourrait endommager le
7
périphérique de stockage USB ou corrompre ses données.
Avant de retirer un périphérique de stockage USB, assurez-vous de suivre la procédure de la

Saving and Loading Data

section 7.1 pour que le périphérique de stockage USB soit prêt à être retiré.
8
Selecting the format of files saved automatically with file names
1. Press FILE. The FILE menu appears.
9
2. Tap Auto File Name. Select Num (serial number) or Date (date).

App

Index

Note
You can also set this on the Save window, described later.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 7-27
7.6 Saving Screen Capture Data

Setting the type of file to save to Graphic

3. Tap Item Select. A menu appears for selecting the file type.
4. Tap Graphics. Graphics is selected, and the menu returns to the previous level.

Selecting the data format, color mode, and save destination

5 Tap Save. A Save window appears.
6. Tap BMP, JPG, or PNG to select the format to save the data in.
7. Tap Black & White, Color, or Preset Color to select the color mode.
A preview appears for the selected color mode.
8. In the file list, open the folder you want to save setting data in.
Select the file list sort method.
Moves to the Select the file list display mode
higher-level folder (List, Thumbnail, Preview).
Select what to save Select the storage area (INT, EXT).
(select Graphics). Add a folder.
Rename a folder
or file.
Delete folders
and files.

Save destination
folder

Select the format when

assigning file names
automatically (Num, Date).
Select the data format
(BMP, JPG, PNG).
Closes the window
Starts saving
Sets the File name
color mode Serial number (Num): Gxxxx (xxxx: serial number)
Date (Date): GyyyyMMdd_hhmmss
Screen capture (yyyy: year, MM: month, dd: day, hh: hour, mm: minute, ss: second)
preview When assigning a specific file name, enter the file name.

7-28 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 7.6 Saving Screen Capture Data

Specifying a file name 1

You can save screen capture data by specifying a file name.
If you do not specify a file name, the file will automatically be assigned a name using a serial
number or date. 2
7. In the Save window, tap the file name display area twice. A keyboard appears.
8. Enter a file name using the keyboard, and tap Done.
The file name will be entered. 3
Saving the file
9. On the Save window, tap Save. The file is saved. 4
If you tap Close before you tap Save, the window will close without saving the data.
10. When overwriting a file, a confirmation message appears. Tap OK.
To cancel overwriting, tap Cancel. 5

Saving and Loading Data

8

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 7-29
7.6 Saving Screen Capture Data

Explanation
Data format
You can save the data in bitmap format (BMP), JPEG format (JPG), or PNG format (PNG).
The extension assigned to files when analysis results are saved is as follows:
BMP (bitmap format): .bmp
JPEG syntax: .jpg
PNG syntax: .png

File name
You can save files by assigning their names automatically or with specific names.
If you do not specify a file name, the following file name will be assigned automatically according to
the Auto File Name setting.
When Auto File Name is set to Num
File name: GXXXX.BMP (or .JPG or .PNG)
XXXX is a serial number from 0000 to 9999.
When Auto File Name is set to Date
File name: GyyyyMMdd_hhmmss.BMP (or .JPG or .PNG)
yyyyMMdd: Year (Gregorian) month day
hhmmss: Hour (24 hours) minute second
(Date/time when the file list was updated)

Note
• The date and time used to assign a name to a file created with a remote or program command are the
date and time when the file was created.
• The maximum number of characters that you can use for a file name is 56 (including the extension).
The characters that you can use are shown below.
!#$%&’()-
0123456789@
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ^
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{}¯

Color
Black & White: A black-and-white screen capture is produced.
Color: A color screen capture is produced.
Preset Color: Only the waveforms and markers are saved in color. All other items are saved in
black and white.

File size
The file size varies depending the data format and color setting.
BMP JPG PNG
Black & White Approx. 2.7 MB Depends on the waveform and Depends on the waveform and
color mode color mode
Color Approx. 2.7 MB Depends on the waveform and Depends on the waveform and
color mode color mode
Preset Color Approx. 2.7 MB Depends on the waveform and Depends on the waveform and
color mode color mode

7-30 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 7.7 File Operations 1

Procedure 2
You can perform file operations such as renaming and copying files.

3
CAUTION
Do not remove the USB storage device or turn off the power when the USB storage device
access indicator is blinking. Doing so may damage the USB storage device or corrupt its
4
data.
Before you remove a USB storage device, be sure to follow the procedure in section 7.1 to
make the USB storage device ready to be removed.
5
French

ATTENTION 6
Ne retirez pas le périphérique de stockage USB et ne coupez pas l'alimentation lorsque
l'indicateur d'accès au périphérique de stockage USB clignote. Cela pourrait endommager le
périphérique de stockage USB ou corrompre ses données. 7
Avant de retirer un périphérique de stockage USB, assurez-vous de suivre la procédure de la

Saving and Loading Data

section 7.1 pour que le périphérique de stockage USB soit prêt à être retiré.
8

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 7-31
7.7 File Operations

Opening the file operation window

1. Press FILE. The FILE menu appears.
2. Tap File Operation.
A file operation window appears.
Select the file list sort method.
Select the file list display mode.
Select the type of files to display in the list.
Number of items in the list
Select the storage area (INT, EXT).
Number of selected items
Moves to the higher-level folder
Current folder

Delete folders and files.

Rename a folder or file.
Move folders and files.
Copy folders and files.
Add a new folder.
Select multiple folders and files.

Selecting a file or folder

Selecting the current folder

3. Tapping on the file operation window changes the current folder to the higher-level folder.
You can also tap a folder in the area showing the path to the current folder.

You can change the storage device by tapping on the file operation window.
: Instrument internal storage
: External storage (USB storage)

7-32 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 7.7 File Operations

Selecting a single file or folder

1
4. Tap a file or folder in the list.
To open a folder, tap it twice.
2
Selecting multiple files and folders (for copying, moving, or deleting)
5. Tap Multi Select. An icon appears for selecting or unselecting all files and folders.
Selects all files and folders 3
Unselects all files and folders

4

New Folder is unavailable.

5
Rename is unavailable.

6
6. Tap the files or folders you want to select. All the files or folders you tap will be selected.
To select all the displayed files and folders collectively, tap .
To unselect all the displayed files and folders collectively, tap . 7
Deleting files and folders

Saving and Loading Data

7. Select the files and folders that you want to delete according to steps 3 to 6. 8
8. Tap Delete. A menu appears for confirming the deletion.
9. Tap OK. The selected files or folders will be deleted. Tap Cancel if you do not want to delete
them. 9
Copying files and folders
7. Select the files and folders that you want to copy according to steps 3 to 6. App
8. Tap Copy. A window appears for selecting the copy destination.
9. Select the copy destination folder.
10. Tap Execute on the copy destination window. A menu appears for confirming the copy. Index
11. Tap OK. The selected files or folders will be copied. Tap Cancel if you do not want to copy
them.

Moving files and folders

7. Select the files and folders that you want to move according to steps 3 to 6.
8. Tap Move. A window appears for selecting the move destination.
9. Select the move destination folder.
10. Tap Execute on the move destination window. A menu appears for confirming the move.
11. Tap OK. The selected files and folders will be moved. They will be deleted from their original
folder. Tap Cancel if you do not want to move them.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 7-33
7.7 File Operations

Renaming a file and folder

5. Select the file or folder that you want to rename according to steps 3 and 4.
6. Tap Rename. A window appears for changing the file name or folder name.
File or folder name

Cancels the renaming

of a file or folder

Renames a file or folder

7. Double-tap the area showing the file name or folder name. A keyboard appears.
8. Enter the new file or folder name using the keyboard.
9. Tap Done on the keyboard. The keyboard will close, and the new file or folder name appears
in the window for changing the file or folder name.
10. Tap Confirm. The file or folder name will be changed.
Tap Cancel if you do not want to change the file or folder name.

Making a folder
5. Select the folder that you want to make a folder in according to steps 3 and 4.
6. Tap New Folder. A window appears for entering a folder name.
7. Double-tap the folder name input area. A keyboard appears.
8. Enter the name of the folder you want to make using the keyboard.
9. Tap Done on the keyboard. The keyboard will close, and a window will appear for entering the
folder name.
10. Tap Confirm. The new folder will be created.
Tap Cancel if you do not want to make the folder.

7-34 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 7.7 File Operations

Changing the list display 1

Select the file list sort method.
Select the file list display mode.
Select the type of files to display in the list.
2

3
Changing the sort order
3. Tap the sort icon on the file operation window.
4
Sorts by file name
Sorts by file name in descending order
Sorts by timestamp in ascending order 5
Sorts by timestamp in descending order
Sorts by extension in ascending alphabetical order
Sorts by extension in descending alphabetical order 6
Sorts by label
Sorts by label in descending order

4. Tap the sort method you want to apply. The list will be sorted.
7

Saving and Loading Data

Changing the file list display mode
3. On the file operation window, tap the icon for changing the list display mode. 8

List view
9
Thumbnail view (icon view)
Preview (displays the list and a
preview of the selected file)
App
4. Tap the display mode you want to apply. The display mode will change.

Changing the type of files to list

3. On the file operation window, tap the icon for changing the list display mode. Index

Displays the folders and trace files in the current folder

Displays the folders and all trace files in the current folder

Displays the folders and screen capture files in the current folder
Displays the folders and setting files in the current folder
Displays the folders and analysis files in the current folder
Displays all folders and files

4. Tap the type of file you want to list. The type of displayed files will change.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 7-35
7.7 File Operations

Explanation
File and folder names
The maximum number of characters that you can use for file or folder name is 56 (including the
extension).
The characters that you can use are shown below.
!#$%&’()-
0123456789@
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ^
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{}¯

Sorting files
You can sort the file list in ascending or descending order by file name, file format (extension), date,
and label.

7-36 IM AQ6370E-01EN
Chapter 8 Useful Applications

8.1 Overview of the Application Feature 1

The application feature (APP feature) is an expansion feature that allows the installation, 2
uninstallation, and use of various software applications designed exclusively for this instrument.
Various applications are available to assist with the measurement condition setup, analysis, and
data saving according to the measurement target, such as DFB-LD, LED, and other light signals
3
and WDM signals.
Additional add-on applications can be downloaded from YOKOGAWA webpage and installed to
expand the features of the instrument.
4
Installed applications
The following eight applications are preinstalled in the instrument.
• WDM Test 5
• FP-LD Test
• DFB-LD Test
• LED Test 6
• SCLaser Test
• FIP
• Support file builder 7
• Program function
Program is an application for creating programs to control this instrument from a PC.
For operating instructions, see the separate Remote Control Manual (IM AQ6370E-17EN).
8
Note

Useful Applications
When you run an application, the following working folders may be created in the instrument’s internal
memory. 9
• OSAAnalysis
• Appli_Data
After you close the application, you can delete these folders using the file operation menu (see section 7.7).
If the free space in the internal memory is low, it may affect the operation of the application, so delete them App
if necessary.

Installing and uninstalling applications Index

You can install new applications or uninstall applications you no longer use. For the procedure, see
section 8.2.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 8-1
 8.2 Installing and Uninstalling Applications

Procedure
Installing applications
You can install applications using a USB memory device or over the network (using a shared
folder).
First, copy the application installation files (.apl) to a USB memory device, or connect to the
network.
When installing from a USB device, make a folder with the name “INSTALL_APPS” in the root
folder of the USB memory device, and store the installers in it.

1. Press APP. The APP menu appears.

2. Tap Install. The Install menu appears.
3. Tap Install (USB) or Install (Network).
A confirmation message appears for you to continue or cancel the installation.

SCLaser Test

Install via network

Install using a USB

memory device

For operating instructions of PROGRAM, see the

separate Remote Control Manual (IM AQ6370E-17EN).

4. Tap Continue. To cancel, tap No.

A list will appear showing the applications to be installed.
5. Tap Yes (Reboot). The instrument will restart, and the applications will be installed.

8-2 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 8.2 Installing and Uninstalling Applications

Uninstalling an application 1

1. Press APP. The APP menu appears.

2. Tap the application you want to uninstall. 2
3. Tap Uninstall. The Uninstall menu appears.
4. Tap Execute.
3

Uninstall
6

5. Tap Yes (Reboot). The instrument will restart, and the application will be uninstalled. 7

Explanation
8
Installing applications

Useful Applications
You can install applications stored in the shared folder or USB memory device.
For details on shared folders, see section 9.5 “Ethernet Communication.” 9
Installing from a USB memory device
When installing from a USB device, make a folder with the name “INSTALL_APPS” in the root
folder of the USB memory device, and store the installers in it. App
Installing from a shared folder
To install an application using a shared folder, connect a PC containing the application installer
to the instrument via a network. Tap Install (Network) on the instrument, and then, using a file
Index
management application on the PC, copy the application installer (.APL extension) to the UPDATE
folder (shared folder) in the instrument’s internal memory. You will be able to access the UPDATE
folder from the PC after tapping Install (Network). You need to enter a user name and password to
connect a PC to the instrument.
User name: user
Password: yokogawa

Uninstalling an application
You can uninstall applications installed in the instrument.
You can also uninstall preinstalled applications.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 8-3
 8.3 WDM Test

Procedure
Running a WDM test
1. Press APP. The APP menu appears.
2. Double-tap WDM Test, or tap the WDM test icon and then tap Execute. A WDM Test
application window will appear.

SCLaser Test

8-4 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 8.3 WDM Test

3. Tap AUTO. Waveforms are displayed. 1

Closes the window

Executes a sweep
2

Measurement range (start

wavelength, stop wavelength)
3
Set advanced measurement
conditions.
Displays channel tilt
Optical signal power calculation method 4
Set the integral range.
Set the noise bandwidth.
Set advanced analysis conditions.
Horizontal scale unit 5
Runs the report feature

Analysis results Saves waveform data

6
Changing the measurement conditions
4. Continuing from step 3, tap Detail Settings. A window appears for setting measurement
conditions. 7
5. Change the measurement conditions in the window.
6. Tap Sweep. The instrument makes a measurement using the new measurement conditions.
8

Useful Applications
9

App

Index

Sweeps with new conditions

IM AQ6370E-01EN 8-5
8.3 WDM Test

Changing the analysis conditions

4. Continuing from step 3, tap Advanced Settings. A window appears for setting analysis
conditions.
5. Change the analysis conditions in the window.
6. Tap Analysis. The instrument performs an analysis using the new analysis conditions.

Channel Detection tab
Interpolation Settings tab
Display Settings tab

Analyzes with new conditions

Interporation Settings Display Settings

8-6 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 8.3 WDM Test

Creating a report 1

4. After completing a measurement or analysis, tap Report.

A window appears for creating a report. 2
Pastes the measured data Turns the paint feature on
Pastes the analysis results Turns the erase feature on
Pastes the measurement conditions (active when the paint
feature is on)
3
Pastes the analysis conditions

Useful Applications
Deletes the selected Returns to the 9
waveforms and tables previous screen
Saves as image data

Pasting an image App

5. Tap Waveform, Analysis Result, Measure Conditions, or Analysis Conditions to paste the
respective image.
Index
Moving, enlarging, reducing an image
6. Swipe the pasted image to move it.
Swipe any of the four corners of the image to enlarge or reduce the image.

Deleting an image
7 Tap an image and then tap Delete. The image will be deleted.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 8-7
8.3 WDM Test

Drawing or deleting a line with the paint feature

8. Tap Paint ON. Paint ON changes to Paint OFF, and Erase ON becomes active.
Swipe where you want to draw a line. A line is drawn over the swiped path.
To erase a line, tap Erase ON when Erase ON is active. Erase ON changes to Erase OFF.
Tap the line you want to erase.
When you tap Paint OFF, Paint OFF changes to Paint ON, and the paint feature is turned off.

Closing an application
Tap the “X” in the upper right of the window. When a confirmation message appears, tap Yes. The
application will close, and the APP menu will appear.

8-8 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 8.4 FP-LD Test 1

Procedure 2

Running an FP-LD test

1. Press APP. The APP menu appears. 3
2. Double-tap FP-LD Test, or tap the FP-LD Test icon and then tap Execute. An FP-LD test
application window will appear.
4

6
SCLaser Test

Useful Applications
9

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 8-9
8.4 FP-LD Test

3. Tap AUTO. Waveforms are displayed.

Executes a sweep

Set the measurement conditions.

(Resolution, sensitivity, span)

Set the analysis conditions.

(Calculation algorithm)

Set advanced analysis conditions.

Horizontal scale unit

Analysis results Saves waveform data

Changing the analysis conditions

4. Continuing from step 3, tap Advanced Settings. A window appears for setting analysis
conditions.
5. Change the analysis conditions in the window.
6. Tap Analysis. The instrument performs an analysis using the new analysis conditions.

Analyzes with new conditions

Closing an application
Tap the “X” in the upper right of the window. When a confirmation message appears, tap Yes. The
application will close, and the APP menu will appear.

8-10 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 8.5 DFB-LD Test 1

Procedure 2

Running an DFB-LD test

1. Press APP. The APP menu appears. 3
2. Double-tap DFB-LD Test, or tap the DFB-LD Test icon and then tap Execute. An DFB-LD test
application window will appear.
4

6
SCLaser Test

Useful Applications
9

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 8-11
8.5 DFB-LD Test

3. Tap AUTO. Waveforms are displayed.

Closes the window

Executes a sweep

Set the measurement conditions.

(Resolution, sensitivity, span)

Set the analysis conditions.

(calculation algorithm (fixed
to Thresh and RMS), SMSR
mode, level integral range)
Set advanced analysis conditions.
Horizontal scale unit

Analysis results Saves waveform data

Changing the analysis conditions

4. Continuing from step 3, tap Advanced Settings. A window appears for setting analysis
conditions.
5. Change the analysis conditions in the window.
6. Tap Analysis. The instrument performs an analysis using the new analysis conditions.
Width Analysis tab
SMSR tab
SMSR

Analyzes with new conditions

Closing an application
Tap the “X” in the upper right of the window. When a confirmation message appears, tap Yes. The
application will close, and the APP menu will appear.

8-12 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 8.6 LED Test 1

Procedure 2

Running an LED test

1. Press APP. The APP menu appears. 3
2. Double-tap LED Test, or tap the LED Test icon and then tap Execute. An LED Test
application window will appear.
4

6
SCLaser Test

Useful Applications
9

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 8-13
8.6 LED Test

3. Tap AUTO. Waveforms are displayed.

Closes the window

Executes a sweep

Set the measurement conditions.

(Resolution, sensitivity, span)

Set the analysis conditions.

(calculation algorithm (fixed to
Thresh, RMS)
Set advanced analysis conditions.
Horizontal scale unit (fixed to nm)

Analysis results Saves waveform data

Changing the analysis conditions

4. Continuing from step 3, tap Advanced Settings. A window appears for setting analysis
conditions.
5. Change the analysis conditions in the window.
6. Tap Analysis. The instrument performs an analysis using the new analysis conditions.

Analyzes with new conditions

Closing an application
Tap the “X” in the upper right of the window. When a confirmation message appears, tap Yes. The
application will close, and the APP menu will appear.

8-14 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 8.7 SCLaser Test 1

Procedure 2

Running an SCLaser test

1. Press APP. The APP menu appears. 3
2. Double-tap SCLaser Test, or tap the SCLaser Test icon and then tap Execute. An SCLaser
Test application window will appear.
4

6
SCLaser Test

Useful Applications
9

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 8-15
8.7 SCLaser Test

3. Tap AUTO. Waveforms are displayed.

Closes the window

Executes a sweep

Measurement range (start

wavelength, stop wavelength)

Set advanced measurement

conditions.
Set the analysis conditions.
(Thresh level)
Set advanced analysis conditions.
Horizontal scale unit

Analysis results Saves waveform data

Changing the measurement conditions

4. Continuing from step 3, tap Detail Settings. A window appears for setting measurement
conditions.
5. Change the measurement conditions in the window.
6. Tap Sweep. The instrument makes a measurement using the new measurement conditions.

Sweeps with new conditions

8-16 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 8.7 SCLaser Test

Changing the analysis conditions 1

4. Continuing from step 3, tap Advanced Settings. A window appears for setting analysis
conditions.
2
5. Change the analysis conditions in the window.
6. Tap Analysis. The instrument performs an analysis using the new analysis conditions.
3

6
Analyzes with new conditions

7
Closing an application
Tap the “X” in the upper right of the window. When a confirmation message appears, tap Yes. The
application will close, and the APP menu will appear.
8

Useful Applications
9

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 8-17
 8.8 Optical Fiber End Face Check

By connecting an off-the-shelf fiber inspection probe (with a USB interface) to an instrument USB
port, you can display the image of optical fiber end face on the instrument display. You can save the
image to a file.

Procedure
Running FIP
1. Press APP. The APP menu appears.
2. Double-tap FIP, or tap the FIP icon and then tap Execute. An FIP application window will
appear.

SCLaser Test

Holds the image Saves the image as image data

Updates the camera connection information
Select the camera connected to the USB port.

8-18 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 8.8 Optical Fiber End Face Check

Closing an application 1
Tap the “X” in the upper right of the window. When a confirmation message appears, tap Yes. The
application will close, and the APP menu will appear.
2

Useful Applications
9

App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 8-19
 8.9 Exporting Maintenance Information

You can export the maintenance information of this instrument to a zip file. If necessary, provide it
to your YOKOGAWA dealer when requesting a maintenance.
The following information will be exported. You can select which information to export.
• All trace data • Setting data • System log
• Application list • Storage information • Calibration log
• OS log

Procedure
Running the Support file builder
1. Press APP. The APP menu appears.
2. Double-tap Support file builder, or tap the Support file builder icon and then tap Execute.
A Support file builder application window will appear.

SCLaser Test

Instrument information

Select the items you

want to save.

Exports to a zip file

8-20 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 8.9 Exporting Maintenance Information

Exporting maintenance information 1

3. Tap the information you want to export. The check boxes next to the items you tap will be
selected.
2
4. After selecting all the items you want to export, tap Export.
A data save window appears.
Moves to the higher-level folder 3
Select the file list sort method.
Select the file list display mode
(List, Thumbnail, Preview).
Select the storage area (INT, EXT). 4
Fixed to Zip Add a folder.
Rename a folder
or file.
Delete folders 5
and files.

Save destination path 6

7
Select the format when
assigning file names
automatically (Num, Date). 8
Closes the window

Useful Applications
Starts saving
File name
Serial number (Num): Zxxxx (xxxx: serial number) 9
Date (Date): ZyyyyMMdd_hhmmss
(yyyy: year, MM: month, dd: day, hh: hour, mm: minute, ss: second)
When assigning a specific file name, enter the file name.

5. Specify the same destination and file name, and tap Save. App
The file name is automatically assigned. A serial number or date and time is inserted after the
first “Z” character in the file name. For details on file operation, see chapter 7.
6. To close the window, tap the “X” in the upper right of the window. The window shown in step 2 Index
appears.

Closing an application
Tap the “X” in the upper right of the window. When a confirmation message appears, tap Yes. The
application will close, and the APP menu will appear.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 8-21
Chapter 9 System Setup

9.1 Registering User-Defined Menus 1

Procedure 2
1. Press SYSTEM. The SYSTEM menu appears.
2. Tap More to display the More 3/4 menu. 3
3. Tap User Key Define. A registration window (User Key Define Mode) appears.
To cancel the menu registration and close the window, tap the “X” in the upper right of the
window, or press UNDO/LOCAL. 4
4. Press the panel key that the menu you want to register belongs to.
5. Tap the menu you want to register. If the menu is on page 2 or later, tap More to display the
menu. The menu name appears in the key registration display area of the registration window. 5
6. Press USER. The USER menu appears.
7. Tap the location where you want to register the menu you selected in step 5. The menu name
to be registered appears. At the same time, the key registration display area of the registration 6
window is cleared. If a menu is already registered, it is overwritten.
8. To clear a registered menu, leave the registration window (User Key Define Mode) in step 3
empty, and carry out steps 6 and 7. 7
USER menu

Registered in the location you tap

8

The name of the menu 9

you tapped appears.

System Setup
App

Tap the menu you want to

register.
Index

Note
• As a general rule, you can only register the menus that appear after pressing a panel key. You cannot
register the sub menus that appear after tapping a menu. Menus, such as More, that cannot be
registered do not appear in the key registration display area.
• Registered menus execute actions that are assigned to those menus.

Explanation
Up to 24 menus can be registered as user keys.
By registering frequently used menus as user keys, you can access them simply by opening the
USER menu.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 9-1
 9.2 Locking the Keys

This feature prevents the instrument from being operated using keys other than those registered as
user keys.
For details on how to register user keys, see section 9.1, “Registering User-Defined Menus.”

Procedure
Locking the keys
1. Press SYSTEM. The SYSTEM menu appears.
2. Tap More to display the More 3/4 menu.
3. Tap Operation Lock. A password input window appears.
To cancel the operation, tap the “X” in the upper right of the window.
4. Enter the password. The default password is “1234.”
5. Tap LOCK. A message appears stating that the keys have been locked, and the menu
changes to the USER menu.

Change the
password.

Note
• If no user keys are registered, nothing will appear on the USER menu.
• While the keys are locked, only the following panel controls can be used.
USER, HELP, and PRT SCN keys and POWER switch
• If you forget the password, initialize the data (ALL CLEAR). For the procedure, see section 9.9, “Resetting
the Instrument to Its Factory Default Settings.”
• The power switch is available even while the keys are locked. If you turn off the instrument in lock mode,
it will start in lock mode when the power is turned back on.

9-2 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 9.2 Locking the Keys

Changing the password 1

5. Tap Change Password. A password input window appears.
6. Enters a new 4-digit password. A window appears for reentering the new password.
7. Reenter the password entered in step 6. A message appears indicating that the password has
2
been changed.

Note 3
• The characters that can be used for the password are numbers from 0 to 9.
• If you forget the password when the keys are locked, you will not be able to unlock. If you change the
password from the default, manage your password carefully.
4
Unlocking the keys
1. Press any of the locked keys (other than USER, HELP, PRT SCN keys or POWER switch). A
menu appears for unlocking the keys along with a warning message. 5
2. Tap Unlock. A password input window appears.
3. Enter the password. A message appears indicating that the keys have been locked, and the
6
menu changes to the USER menu.

System Setup
App

Note Index
Even when the keys are locked, you can still use the instrument remote commands as usual. However, you
cannot unlock the keys when the instrument is in remote mode. In such a case, press UNDO/LOCAL to
switch the instrument to local mode, and then unlock the keys. For details on switching between local and
remote modes, see section 1.2 in the Remote Control User’s Manual (IM AQ6370E-17EN).

IM AQ6370E-01EN 9-3
 9.3 Measurement Items

Procedure
Alignment adjustment

WARNING
The instrument has a built-in reference light source for alignment adjustments, and infrared
light is always being output from the optical output connector. Never look into the optical
output connector. Infrared light entering the eyes can cause severe injury and loss of vision.

French

AVERTISSEMENT
Cet instrument dispose d'une source de lumière de référence intégrée pour les ajustements
d'alignement. La lumière infrarouge est toujours émise depuis le connecteur de sortie optique.
Ne regardez jamais directement dans le connecteur de sortie optique. La lumière infrarouge
risquerait de gravement vous blesser ou de provoquer une perte de vision.

Connect the instrument’s optical input connector and optical output connector using a 9.5/125 μm
SM (single mode) optical fiber.
1. Press SYSTEM. The SYSTEM menu appears.
2. Tap Optical Alignment .
3. Tap Execute. Alignment adjustment is executed automatically. When the alignment adjustment
finishes a few minutes later, the previous screen will appear.
If you tap CANCEL while the alignment adjustment is in progress, it will be canceled.

Note
• After executing an alignment, the instrument also performs internal wavelength calibration automatically.
• If you cancel an alignment adjustment, it will be invalid. The instrument will be in the same condition as it
was before the alignment adjustment was executed.

9-4 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 9.3 Measurement Items

Wavelength calibration 1

WARNING 2
The instrument has a built-in reference light source for wavelength calibration, and infrared
light is always being output from the optical output connector. Never look into the optical
output connector. Infrared light entering the eyes can cause severe injury and loss of vision. 3
French

4
AVERTISSEMENT
Cet instrument dispose d’une source de lumière de référence intégrée pour l'étalonnage de
la longueur d'onde. La lumière infrarouge est toujours émise depuis le connecteur de sortie 5
optique. Ne regardez jamais directement dans le connecteur de sortie optique. La lumière
infrarouge risquerait de gravement vous blesser ou de provoquer une perte de vision.

6
Calibrating the wavelength using the built-in reference light source
Connect the instrument’s optical input connector and optical output connector using a 9.5/125 μm
SM (single mode) optical fiber.
7
1. Press SYSTEM. The SYSTEM menu appears.
2. Tap Wavelength Calibration.
3. Tap Built-In Source. 8
4. Tap Execute. Wavelength calibration is executed. It will take a few minutes for the wavelength
calibration to complete. After the calibration finishes, the original screen appears.
If you tap CANCEL while the wavelength calibration is in progress, it will be canceled. 9

System Setup
App

Index

Note
• When you turn on the instrument, be sure to calibrate the wavelength after the instrument warms up.
• When using this instrument for the first time or when using it after it has been subjected to large vibration,
be sure to adjust the alignment after it warms up.
• If the instrument’s wavelength error is greater than or equal to ±20 nm, wavelength calibration using the
built-in reference light source is not possible.
(Because readjustment is required, contact your nearest YOKOGAWA dealer.)

IM AQ6370E-01EN 9-5
9.3 Measurement Items

Calibrating the wavelength using an external light source

In addition to the built-in reference light source, the instrument can be calibrated using a light
source that you provide.
However, the following light sources cannot be used for wavelength calibration.
Laser type
• When the specified wavelength is different from that of the calibration light source
• If the instrument’s wavelength error is greater than or equal to ±0.5 nm, readjustment is
necessary. Contact your nearest YOKOGAWA dealer.
• If the calibration light source level is less than or equal to –40 dBm
Gas cell absorption line type
• When using a reference light source with multiple absorption lines if the instrument’s
wavelength deviation is greater than the wavelength spacing of the absorption lines (because
the adjacent absorption line will be assumed to be the reference wavelength)

• Connecting an external light source

1. Connect the external light source’s optical output connector to the instrument’s optical input
connector using a 9.5/125 μm SM (single mode) optical fiber.

Light source

AQ6370E

SM optical fiber cable (9.5/125 µm)

• Setting the type of external light source and the calibration wavelength value
2. Press SYSTEM. The SYSTEM menu appears.
3. Tap Wavelength Calibration.

Set the type of external light source (laser or gas cell absorption line) and the calibration
wavelength value. There are two ways to set the wavelength value:

9-6 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 9.3 Measurement Items

• Laser type 1
4. Tap External Laser. A window appears for setting the wavelength of the external light source.
5. Set the laser wavelength value on the setting window. You can set the wavelength between
600 nm and 1700 nm. 2
If you tap Preset Cal Wavelength, you can select from the preset wavelengths.
6. Tap Execute. Wavelength calibration is executed. After the calibration finishes, the original
screen appears. 3
If you tap CANCEL while the wavelength calibration is in progress, it will be canceled.

5
Displays the preset wavelengths.

System Setup
App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 9-7
9.3 Measurement Items

• Gas cell absorption line type

4. Tap External Gas Cell. A window appears for setting the wavelength of the external light
source.
5. Set the wavelength value of the gas cell absorption line on the setting window. You can set the
wavelength between 600 nm and 1700 nm.
If you tap Preset Cal Wavelength, you can select from the preset wavelengths.
6. Tap Execute. Wavelength calibration is executed. After the calibration finishes, the original
screen appears.
If you tap CANCEL while the wavelength calibration is in progress, it will be canceled.

Displays the preset wavelengths

9-8 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 9.3 Measurement Items

Setting the auto offset 1

You can set whether to perform auto offset on the amplifier circuit in the instrument.
1. Press SYSTEM. The SYSTEM menu appears. 2
2. Tap More to display the More 2/4 menu.
3. Tap Auto Offset Setting. The auto offset setting menu appears.
4. Tap Auto Offset. The value toggles between On and Off. When set to On, auto offset is 3
enabled.
5. Tap Interval to set the auto offset execution interval.
(We recommend the default value of 10 min.) 4

Turns auto offset on or off

Set the offset execution 5
interval when auto
offset is on.

Note
• If the Auto Offset is Off, the offset can vary over time, and the level axis performance can degrade.
Normally, have this turned on. 9
• When Auto Offset is On, is displayed in blue (highlighted during black-and-white display) at the

System Setup
bottom of the screen.

App
Clearing measured data, analysis conditions, parameters, etc.
You can clear all measurement parameters (excluding remote interface parameters (GP-IB,
SOCKET, VXI-11)), display parameters, analysis parameters, and waveform display. Index
1. Press PRESET. A message appears for confirming the execution of the clear operation.
2. Tap Yes. The measured data and parameter settings are cleared. If you do not want to clear
them, tap No. The previous menu will appear.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 9-9
9.3 Measurement Items

Explanation
Alignment adjustment
Executes an optical axis adjustment of the optical section (monochromator) using the instrument’s
internal reference light source.

Wavelength calibration
Executes a wavelength calibration using the internal light source or external light source (laser
beam, gas cell absorption line).
The preset calibration wavelength values are the same regardless of the type of external light
source. Depending on the measurement wavelength setting of the instrument, it will be displayed
as wavelength in air or in vacuum.
Wavelength in air(AIR) Wavelength in vacuum(VACUUM)
632.816 nm 632.991 nm
1152.274 nm 1152.589 nm
1523.072 nm 1523.488 nm
1529.952 nm 1530.372 nm
1551.692 nm 1552.116 nm
During wavelength calibration, a message indicating that the offset is being adjusted is displayed in
the lower left corner and in the top center of the screen.

Auto offset
When Auto Offset is set to On, the offset of the internal amplifier circuit is adjusted at the specified
time interval (default value: 10 min).
When Auto Offset is set to Off, auto offset adjustment will not be executed. When the setting
is changed from Off to On, an offset adjustment is executed immediately. If repeat sweep is in
progress, offset adjustment is executed when sweeping reaches 100%. If a single sweep is in
progress, offset adjustment is executed when the sweep is completed.
During offset adjustment, a message indicating that the offset is being adjusted is displayed in the
lower left corner and in the top center of the screen.

Note
• If, during offset adjustment, you operate the keys or use remote commands to execute a sweep, the
sweep will start after the offset adjustment is completed.

Clearing measured data, analysis conditions, parameters, etc.

You can clear all measurement parameters, display parameters, analysis parameters, and
waveform display. It is the same operation as when the instrument receives an *RST remote
command.
The following data is not cleared.
• Remote interface (GP-IB, SOCKET, VXI-11) settings
• Wavelength calibration data and alignment adjustment data
• Various type of data saved to internal memory

9-10 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 9.4 Display Items 1

Procedure 2
Setting the UNCAL mark and warning display
1. Press SYSTEM. The SYSTEM menu appears. 3
2. Tap More to display the More 3/4 menu.
3. Tap Uncal Warning. The value toggles between On and Off. When set to On, the UNCAL
mark and warning can be displayed. 4
Turns Uncal warning on or off

Turning the display off

This function temporarily turns the display off. 9
1. Press SYSTEM. The SYSTEM menu appears.

System Setup
2. Tap Display Off. The display turns off.
App

Index

Turns off the display

If you press a panel key or move the mouse, the display will turn on.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 9-11
9.4 Display Items

Changing the displayed language

You can set the language of the menus and setting windows to English or Chinese.
1. Press SYSTEM. The SYSTEM menu appears.
2. Tap More to display the More 3/4 menu.
3. Tap Language.
4. Tap English or Chinese.
If you do not want to change the setting, tap Return.

English

Chinese

Returns to the previous menu

Correcting the displayed values

Setting the amount of wavelength shift
1. Press SYSTEM. The SYSTEM menu appears.
2. Tap Wavelength Shift. A window appears for setting the amount of wavelength shift.
3. Enter the amount of wavelength shift on the window.

Wavelength shift

9-12 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 9.4 Display Items

Setting the amount of level shift 1

1. Press SYSTEM. The SYSTEM menu appears.
2. Tap Level Shift. A window appears for setting the amount of level shift.
3. Enter the amount of level shift on the window.
2

Level shift 4

Note
After you enter the amount of wavelength or level shift, it is applied to the displayed values when the next 7
measurement is performed.

Determining the amount of level shift

The amount of level shift is used to correct the loss of external isolators, filters, or other devices 8
connected to the instrument.
1. Set up a light source such as a DFB-LD with a spectrum width that is sufficiently narrower
than the instrument’s resolution setting (with a wavelength of 1310 nm or 1550 nm). 9
2. Connect the light source and the instrument using an optical fiber cord and set the instrument’s

System Setup
resolution to 2 nm.
3. Perform a measurement to determine the peak level.
App
4. Disconnect the optical fiber cord from the instrument and connect it to a light power meter to
measure the light power.
Index
5. Calculate the difference between the peak level value obtained from the instrument and the
power value obtained from the light power meter, and set this amount as the instrument’s level
shift.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 9-13
9.4 Display Items

Explanation
Turning the display off
This function temporarily turns the display off. Use this function when you are using the instrument
in a darkroom or similar environment in which the light from the screen has an effect on the work.
Select Display Off to turn off the backlight and display.
When remote commands have been used to turn the display off
If remote commands have been used to turn the display off, even if you perform panel key or
mouse operations to turn the display on, the following message will be displayed and the display
will be turned off after approximately 5 seconds.

To keep the display turned on, use a remote command, or press UNDO/LOCAL to switch the
instrument from remote to local mode.

Display Language
The following items can be displayed in English or Chinese.
• Menu
• Title of parameter input windows
• Warnings and messages

Correcting the displayed values

WL SHIFT **.**nm
This function sets the amount of wavelength shift.
When the wavelength shift is changed, the specified value is added to the display value on the
wavelength axis. The amount of wavelength shift is used to correct the differences in wavelength
display values among different measurement instruments.
You can set the value between –5.000 and 5.000 nm. You can set it in steps of 0.001 nm. When
COARSE is selected, you can set it in steps of 0.1 nm.
When you set the amount of wavelength shift, will appear highlighted at the bottom of the
screen.

LEVEL SHIFT***.***dB
This function sets the amount of level shift.
When the level shift is changed, the specified value is added to the display value on the level axis.
The amount of level shift is used to correct the loss of external isolators, filters, or other devices
connected to the instrument.
You can set the value between –60.000 and 60.000dB. You can set it in steps of 0.001dB. When
COARSE is selected, you can set it in steps of 0.1 dB.
When you set the amount of level shift, will appear highlighted at the bottom of the screen.

9-14 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 9.5 Ethernet Communication 1

Procedure 2
Configuring the communication interface
1. Press SYSTEM. The SYSTEM menu appears. 3
2. Tap More to display the More 2/4 menu.

3. Tap Remote Interface. The Remote Interface menu appears.

4
4. Tap NETWORK (SOCKET) or NETWORK (VXI-11) to set the communication interface to
Ethernet.

5
Socket communication

VXI-11 communication
6

System Setup
App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 9-15
9.5 Ethernet Communication

Configuring the network settings

1. Press SYSTEM. The SYSTEM menu appears.
2. Tap More to display the More 2/4 menu.
3. Tap Network Setting. The Network Setting menu appears.

Set the TCP/IP parameters.

Set the port number.
Set the command format.

Set the user account.

Configure the remote monitor.

Set folder sharing.

Set the timeout.

Setting the TCP/IP parameters

4. Tap TCP/IP Setting. The TCP/IP setting menu appears.
Configure IPv4 and IPv6 according to the network you are using.
Setting the IPv4
5. Tap AUTO (DHCP) or MANUAL.
To use a DHCP server, select AUTO (DHCP).
6. If you select MANUAL, set the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway. If you
select AUTO, proceed to step 8.
Tap the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway input boxes. A setting window
appears.
7. Set the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway on the setting window.
Setting the IPv6
5. Tap AUTO or MANUAL.
6. If you select MANUAL, set the IP address, subnet prefix length, and default gateway. If
you select AUTO, proceed to step 8.
Tap the IP address, subnet prefix length, and default gateway input boxes. A setting
window appears.
7. Set the IP address, subnet prefix length, and default gateway on the setting window.

9-16 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 9.5 Ethernet Communication

8. When you finish setting all the items, tap Done. 1

5
Setting the port number (not used with the VXI-11)
4. Continuing from step 3, tap Remote Port No. A window appears for setting the port number.
5. Set the port number on the setting window.
6
Setting the user account (not used with the VXI-11)
4. Continuing from step 3, tap Remote User Account. The Remote User Account menu 7
appears.
5. Tap User Name. A keyboard appears.
The default value is anonymous. 8
6. Enter the user name using up to 11 alphanumeric characters. If the user name is set to
anonymous, you do not have to set a password.
7. Tap Password. A keyboard appears. 9
8. Enter the password using up to 11 alphanumeric characters.

System Setup
Set the user name. App
Set the password.

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 9-17
9.5 Ethernet Communication

Configuring the Remote Monitor

This function can be used to monitor the instrument’s screen and control the instrument from a
remote PC that is connected over TCP/IP.
4. Continuing from step 3, tap Remote Monitor. The remote monitor setting menu appears.
5. Tap Monitor Port. The value toggles between On and Off. A remote monitor can be connected
when the setting is on.
6. To disconnect the remote monitor, tap Disconnect. The monitor will be disconnected from the
PC.

Turns monitor port on or off

Port number (fixed to 20001)

Disconnects remote monitoring

Setting folder sharing

The user area folder of the instrument’s internal memory can be shared with a PC.
4. Continuing from step 3, tap Folder Sharing. The Folder Sharing menu appears.
5. Tap Read Only. Directory sharing is enabled.
Tapping Disable will disable folder sharing.

9-18 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 9.5 Ethernet Communication

6. Connect your PC to the ETHERNET port on the rear panel of the instrument. 1
AQ6370 OPTICAL SPECTRUM ANALYZER

PC
2
Ethernet Cable

Connections 3
Connect a UTP (unshielded twisted-pair) cable or an STP (shielded twisted-pair) cable
that is connected to another device to the ETHERNET port on the rear panel of the
instrument.

AQ6370E
4

6
Note
• Be sure to use a straight cable through a hub when connecting a PC to the instrument.
Performance cannot be guaranteed if a 1-to-1 connection is made with a cross cable. 7
• When using a UTP (straight) cable, make sure that it is a category 5 cable.

7. On your PC, run a Windows folder management program (e.g., File Explorer).
8.
8
In the address bar, enter the IP address of the instrument.
If an authentication window appears, enter the following user name and password.

User name：user 9
Password：yokogawa

System Setup
The User folder appears. This User folder is the shared folder. App
Address bar
Shared folder

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 9-19
9.5 Ethernet Communication

Setting the remote timeout (not used with the VXI-11)

4. Continuing from step 3, tap Time Out. A setting window appears.
5. Set the timeout value on the setting window.

9-20 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 9.5 Ethernet Communication

Explanation 1

Configuring the network settings

Setting the TCP/IP parameters 2
Configure IPv4 and IPv6 according to the network that this instrument is connected to.
If both IPv4 and IPv6 are enabled, either one will be selected automatically according to the
network that this instrument is connected to. 3
• IPv4
If a DHCP server is available on the network that the instrument is connected to, an IP address
is automatically assigned to the instrument. In this case, select AUTO (DHCP) in the TCP/IP 4
settings.
• IPv6
“AUTO” is usually used, but you can also set a fixed IP address manually.
5
If you are setting the IP address manually, set also the subnet prefix length and default gateway.
Set the IP address and default gateway in hexadecimal notation.
For details about the network that you intend to connect the instrument to, contact your network
administrator.
6

REMOTE PORT NO. (not used with the VXI-11)

Set the port number to use to control the instrument remotely over the network (socket). (Default
7
value: 10001)
User authentication (not used with the VXI-11)
If you want to connect to the instrument from your PC over an Ethernet network, user authentication
8
is required. If the user name is anonymous, you do not have to enter a password.
The instrument supports plaintext authentication and the MD5 algorithm (RSA Data Security, Inc.
MD5 Message Digest Algorithm).
Remote monitoring
9
This function can be used to monitor the instrument's screen and control the instrument from a

System Setup
remote PC that is connected to the instrument through a TCP/IP port.
To use this feature, you need remote monitoring software (not included). You cannot use the remote App
monitoring port to perform remote control with normal remote commands.
For information on remote monitoring software, contact your nearest YOKOGAWA dealer.
User name and password Index
A user name and password are required to access the instrument using this function.
Enter the user name using up to 11 alphanumeric characters. If the user name is set to
anonymous, you do not have to set a password.
Enter the password using up to 11 alphanumeric characters.
MONITOR PORT
Enables and disables the remote monitor TCP/IP port.
If you set this to Off, the remote monitor will be disabled.
PORT NO.
This is the remote monitor TCP/IP port number. It is fixed to 20001. You cannot use this port to
perform remote control with normal remote commands.
DISCONNECT
If you tap this menu while remote monitoring is connected, remote monitoring with the external
PC will be disconnected. This menu can only be used when remote monitoring is connected.
IM AQ6370E-01EN 9-21
9.5 Ethernet Communication

Folder sharing
The user area folder of the instrument’s internal memory can be shared with a PC. When the user
area folder is shared, files in the folder can be copied to the PC over a network. Note that you
cannot save files to the instrument.
If you are prompted to enter a user name and password when accessing the instrument’s shared
folder from the PC, enter the following information.
User name: user
Password: yokogawa

Timeout period (not used with the VXI-11)

If no communication takes place for the specified time in remote mode, the communication is
automatically disconnected, and the mode changes to local.
When you change the timeout period, the elapsed time is reset.
You can set the time to Infinite (0 s) or between 1 and 21600 s (6 hours).

9-22 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 9.6 Sounding the Buzzer 1

Procedure 2
1. Press SYSTEM. The SYSTEM menu appears.
2. Tap More to display the More 3/4 menu.
3. Tap Buzzer. The Buzzer menu appears.
3
4. Tap Click or Warning. Each time you tap, the value switches between ON and OFF. When set
to ON, the buzzer sound is enabled.
4
Buzzer when keys are used
Warning display buzzer
5

System Setup
App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 9-23
 9.7 Displaying Manuals with the Help Feature

Procedure
1. Press HELP. An explanation appears for the displayed menu.
2. To finish, press any panel key.

9-24 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 9.8 Viewing the System Information 1

Procedure 2

Viewing the system information

1. Press SYSTEM. The SYSTEM menu appears. 3
2. Tap More to display the More 4/4 menu.
3. Tap System Information. The system information appears.
4
4. Tap Return to return to the previous menu.

System Setup
App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 9-25
9.8 Viewing the System Information

Displaying or clearing the system log and copying to USB

memory
Viewing the system log
4. Continuing from step 3, tap System Log. The System Log menu appears.
5. Tap View. The system log is displayed on the screen.
6. Tap Done to return to the previous menu.

Clear

Saves to
USB
memory

Clearing the system log

7. Tap Clear. When a confirmation message appears, tap Yes. The system log will be cleared.

Saving the system log to USB memory

8. Connect a USB memory device, and then tap Save to USB Memory. The system log will be
saved to the USB memory device.
File name: SystemLog.txt

9-26 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 9.8 Viewing the System Information

Viewing the open source software (OSS) license 1

4. Continuing from step 3, tap Licenses. The Licenses menu appears.

5. From the list showing the firmware and installed applications, tap the software you want to 2
view the license information of, or move the cursor to the software and tap Select.
The OSS license information will appear.
6. To close the license information, tap the “X” in the upper right of the window. 3

Move the cursor 4

5
Displays the OSS
license information

8
Explanation
The following items are displayed as system information.
Software version 9
MAIN(PRG)
CONTROL(PRG)

System Setup
FPGA Version of the installed software
MOTOR(PRG) App
OS

System information
MODEL CODE Model Index
SERIAL NO. Serial number
MAC ADDRESS MAC address of the Ethernet port
DHCP ENABLED(IPv4)
IP ADDRESS(IPv4)
SUBNET MASK(IPv4)
DEFAULT GATEWAY(IPv4)
TCP/IP settings
AUTO(IPv6)
IP ADDRESS(IPv6)
SUBNET PREFIX LENGTH(IPv6)
DEFAULT GATEWAY(IPv6)
COMPUTER NAME Computer name (device name on the network)

IM AQ6370E-01EN 9-27
 9.9 Resetting the Instrument to Its Factory Default
Settings
Procedure
1. Press SYSTEM. The SYSTEM menu appears.
2. Tap More to display the More 4/4 menu.
3. Tap Parameter Initialize. A menu appears for setting the items to be initialized.
4. Select the initialization type according to the items you want to initialize.
5. Tap Execute. Initialization is executed.
To cancel, tap Cancel.

Initialize parameters.

Initialize calibration data.

Initialize parameters and calibration data.

Explanation
You can reset the instrument to its factory default settings.
However, the following items will not be initialized.
• TCP/IP Setting
• Remote User Account
The following three types of initialization are available depending on the items to be initialized.
• Parameter Clear
The parameter setting value of each function is initialized.
The waveform data of traces A to G is also initialized.
Use this to initialize the instrument to the default condition.
• Cal Data Clear
Alignment adjustment value, wavelength calibration value, and resolution calibration value are
initialized.
• All Clear
All parameter values, data as well as wavelength calibration value and alignment adjustment
value are initialized.

9-28 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 9.9 Resetting the Instrument to Its Factory Default Settings

The default values for each setting are shown below. 1

SWEEP
Function Default value Maximum value Minimum value
2
Sweep Marker L1-L2 (Off/On) Off - -
Sweep Interval Minimum=0 99999 Minimum=0

CENTER 3
Function Default value Maximum value Minimum value
Center (nm) 1150.000 1700.000 600.000
(Center (THz)) (338.0013) (500.0000) (176.3485) 4
Start (nm) 600.000 1700.000 50.000
(Start (THz)) (176.3485) (500.0000) (11.5000)
Stop (nm) 1700.000 2250.000 600.000
(Stop (THz)) (499.6541) (665.0000) (176.3485) 5
AUTO CENTER Off/On Off - -

SPAN 6
Function Default value Maximum value Minimum value
Span (nm) 1100.0 1100.0 0 / 0.1
(Span (THz))
Start (nm)
(323.31)
600.000
(330.00)
1700.000
(0.00)
50.000
7
(Start (THz)) (176.3485) (500.0000) (11.5000)
Stop (nm) 1700.000 2250.000 600.000
(Stop (THz)) (499.6541) (665.0000) (176.5000)
0nm Sweep Time Minimum 50 Minimum
8

LEVEL 9
Function Default value Maximum value Minimum value

System Setup
-10.0 (Log) 30.0 (Log) -90.0 (Log)
Reference Level
(100 µW (Linear)) (1000 mW (Linear)) (1.00 pW (Linear)) App
Log Scale 10.0, On 10.0 0.1
Linear Scale Off - -
Linear Base Level 0 REF×0.9 0.00
Auto Ref Level (Off/On) Off - - Index
Level Unit (dBm dBm/nm (dBm/THz)) dBm - -
Sub Log 5.0, On 10.0 0.1
Sub Linear 0.125, Off 1.250 0.005
Sub Scale 10.0, Off 125.0 0.5
Offset Level 0.0 99.9 -99.9
Auto Sub Scale (Off/On) Off - -
Y Scale Division 10 10 8
Y Scale Setting Ref Level Position 8 10 0
Sub Ref Level Position 5 10 0

IM AQ6370E-01EN 9-29
9.9 Resetting the Instrument to Its Factory Default Settings

SETUP
Function Default value Maximum value Minimum value
0.02
Resolution (nm) 1 2
0.05(Limited model)
Sensitivity Mode
TRAD
(TRAD/SMSR)
Sensitivity Select N/AUTO - -
Approx. –60 -48 -77
Sensitivity Level
(varies depending on the (varies depending on (varies depending on
(dBm)
Sensitivity instrument) the instrument) the instrument)
High Close-in
Dynamic Range1 Off - -
(Off/On)
Chop Mode (Off/
Off - -
SWITCH)
Average Times 1 999 1
Sampling Points (Auto) Auto - -
Calculation value of
Sampling Points 200001 101
<Sampling Points Auto>
Calculation value of
Sampling Interval (nm) SPAN/100 0.002
<Sampling Points Auto>
Pulse Light Measure Off - -
Edge (Rise/Fall) RISE - -
Delay (μs) 0 1000 0
Trigger Setting
Trig Input Mode Smpl Trig - -
Trig Output Mode Off - -
Horizontal Scale (nm/THz) nm - -
Resolution Correction (Off/On) Off - -
Smoothing (Off/On) Off - -
Fiber Connector (Norm/Angled) Norm - -
1: Only for the high performance model(AQ6370E-20).

ZOOM
Function Default value Maximum value Minimum value Notes
Zoom Center (nm) 1150.000 1700.000 600.000
(Zoom Center (THz)) (338.0013) (500.0000) (176.5000) The Center,
Zoom Span (nm) 1100.0 1100.0 0.1 Span, Start, and
(Zoom Span (THz)) (323.31) (330.00) (0.01) Stop values are
Zoom Start (nm) 600.000 1699.950 50.000 not saved in the
(Zoom Start (THz)) (176.3485) (499.9950) (11.5000) setup data file
Zoom Stop (nm) 1700.000 2250.000 600.050 (STD extension).
(Zoom Stop (THz)) (499.6541) (665.0000) (176.5050)
Overview Display (Off/L/R) R - - -

9-30 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 9.9 Resetting the Instrument to Its Factory Default Settings

TRACE 1

Maximum Minimum
Function Default value
value value
Active Trace (A/B/C/D/E/F/G) A - -
2
DISP
View - -
(B, C, D, E, F, G: BLANK)
FIX TRACE B/C/D/E/F/G - -
Max Hold 3
Hold (B, D, E: Min Hold - -
C, E, G: Max Hold)
Roll Average 2 100 2
Log Math C=A-B(LOG) - - 4
Calculate C
(Linear Math) (C=A+B(LIN)) - -
Log Math (F=C-D(LOG)) - -
Calculate F (Linear Math) (F=C+D(LIN)) - -
Power/NBW (F=Pwr/NBW A) 5
Log Math (G=C-F(LOG)) - -
(Linear Math) (G=C+F(LIN)) - -
(Normalize) (G=NORM A) - -
(G=CRV FIT A) - - 6
(Threshold) (20) 99 0
(Curve Fit)
(Operation Area) (ALL) - -
Calculate G 7
(Fitting Algorithm) (GAUSS) - -
(G=PKCVFIT A) - -
(Threshold) (20) 99 0
(Peak 8
Curve Fit) (Operation Area) (ALL) - -

(Fitting Algorithm) (GAUSS) - -

Source Trace A - - 9
Trace Copy
Destination Trace B - -

System Setup
// AQ6370E OPTICAL
Label - -
SPECTRUM ANALYZER //
Noise Mask OFF - - App
Mask Line (VERT/HRZN) HRZN - -
Trace Highlight Off - -

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 9-31
9.9 Resetting the Instrument to Its Factory Default Settings

MARKER
Default
Function Maximum value Minimum value Notes
value
Maker Active (Off/On) Off - - The Maker
Active and
Set Marker
values are
(Set Marker) (Set) 1 1024 1 not saved
in the setup
data file (STD
extension).
Normal
(Marker Setting) - - -
Maker
WL=1700.0000 WL=600.0000
Line Marker 1 (Off/On) Off -
(FREQ=499.6541) (FREQ=176.3485)
WL=1700.0000 WL=600.0000
Line Marker 2 (Off/On) Off -
(FREQ=499.6541) (FREQ=176.3485)
LOG=50.00 LOG=-210.00
Line Marker 3 (Off/On) Off -
(LINEAR=1.000E+05 mW) (LINEAR=0.000pW)
LOG=50.00 LOG=-210.00
Line Marker 4 (Off/On) Off -
(LINEAR=1.000E+05 mW) (LINEAR=0.000pW)
Marker Display Offset - - -
Marker Auto Update (Off/On) Off - - -
Marker Unit (nm/THz) nm - - -
Search/Ana Marker L1-L2 (Off/On) Off - - -
Search/Ana Zoom Area Off/On On - - -
Sweep Marker L1-L2 (Off/On) Off - - -

PEAK SEARCH
Function Default value Maximum value Minimum value
Peak Search On - -
Bottom Search Off - -
Set Marker 1 1024 1
Auto Search (Off/On) Off - -
Mode Diff 3.00 50.00 0.01
Search/Ana Marker L1-L2 (Off/On) Off - -
Search/Ana Zoom Area (Off/On) On - -
Search Mode SINGL/MULTI SINGL - -
Threshold 50.00 99.99 0.01
Multi Search Setting
Sort by (WL/LVL) WL - -

9-32 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 9.9 Resetting the Instrument to Its Factory Default Settings

1
ANALYSIS
Maximum Minimum
Function Default value Notes
value value 2
Spec Width THRESH - - -
Analysis 1 DFB-LD - - -
Analysis 2 WDM - - -
Spec Width Thresh 3.00 50.00 0.01 - 3
The Switch
Display values
TRACE&TABLE/TABLE/
are not saved
(Switch Display) TRACE/GRAPH&TABLE/ TRACE&TABLE - -
GRAPH
in the setup 4
data file(STD
extension).
Auto Analysis (Off/On) Off - - -
Search/Ana L1-L2 (Off/On) Off - - - 5
Search/Ana Zoom Area (Off/On) On - - -
Start 1528.773 1700.000 600.000
Stop 1560.606 1700.000 600.000
Grid Setting
Reference Frequency 192.10 500.00 176.50
-
6
Spacing 50.000 999.999 0.100

System Setup
App

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN 9-33
9.9 Resetting the Instrument to Its Factory Default Settings

Parameter Setting
Function Default value Maximum value Minimum value
THRESH LEVEL 3.00 50.00 0.01
THRESH K 1.00 10.00 1.00
MODE FIT OFF - -
THRESH LEVEL1 3.00 50.00 0.01
ENVELOPE THRESH LEVEL2 13.00 50.00 0.01
K 1.00 10.00 1.00
THRESH LEVEL 20.00 50.00 0.01
RMS
K 2.35 10.00 1.00
THRESH LEVEL 20.00 50.00 0.01
PEAK RMS
K 2.35 10.00 1.00
THRESH LEVEL 3.00 50.00 0.01
NOTCH K 1.00 10.00 1.00
TYPE BOTTOM - -
ALGO (ENVELOPE/THRESH/
THRESH - -
RMS/PK-RMS)
-XdB CENTER/

THRESH 20.00 50.00 0.01

WIDTH

(THRESH2) 20.00 50.00 0.01

K 1.00 10.00 1.00
MODE FIT (ON/OFF) OFF - -
MODE DIFF 3.00 50.00 0.01
SMSR MODE (SMSR1/SMSR2/
SMSR1 - -
SMSR3/SMSR4)
SMSR MASK 0.00 99.99 0.00
SMSR

MODE DIFF 3.00 50.00 0.01

SIDE MODE POWER (TRACE
TRACE DATA - -
DATA/NORMALIZED
(BANDWIDTH) 0.10 1.00 0.01
ALGO (RMS/PK RMS) RMS - -
THRESH 20.00 50.00 0.01
RMS
DFB-LD

K 2.35 10.00 1.00

(MODE DIFF) 3.00 50.00 0.01
POWER

SPAN 0.40 500.00 0.01

MODE DIFF 3.00 50.00 0.01

NOISE ALGO (AUTO-FIX/ PIT - -
MANUAL-FIX/AUTO-CTR/
MANUAL-CTR/PIT)
NOISE AREA PIT - -
(MASK AREA) - - -
OSNR

(FITTING ALGO (LINEAR/ - - -

GAUSS/LORENZ/3RD
POLY/4TH POLY/5TH POLY))
NOISE BW 0.10 1.00 0.01
SIGNAL POWER PEAK - -
(INTEGRAL RANGE) 10.0 999.9 1.0

9-34 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 9.9 Resetting the Instrument to Its Factory Default Settings

Function Default value Maximum value Minimum value 1

ALGO (ENVELOPE/THRESH/ PK-RMS - -

SPECTRUM WIDTH
RMS/PK-RMS)
THRESH 20.00 50.00 0.01
(THRESH2) 20.00 50.00 0.01 2
K 2.35 10.00 1.00
(MODE FIT (ON/OFF)) OFF - -
MODE DIFF 3.00 50.00 0.01
ALGO 3
MEAN WAVELENGTH

(ENVELOPE/THRESH/RMS/PK- PK-RMS - -
RMS)
THRESH 20.00 50.00 0.01
(THRESH2) 20.00 50.00 0.01 4
FP-LD

K 2.35 10.00 1.00

(MODE FIT (ON/OFF)) OFF - -
MODE DIFF 3.00 50.00 0.01 5
POWER
TOTAL

OFFSET LEVEL 0.00 10.00 -10.00

ALGO (ENVELOPE/THRESH/ 6
PK-RMS - -
RMS/PK-RMS)
MODE NO.

THRESH 20.00 50.00 0.01

(THRESH2) 20.00 50.00 0.01
K 2.35 10.00 1.00
7
(MODE FIT (ON/OFF)) OFF - -
MODE DIFF 3.00 50.00 0.01
ALGO (ENVELOPE/THRESH/ 8
SPECTRUM WIDTH

THRESH - -
RMS/PK-RMS)
THRESH 3.00 50.00 0.01
(THRESH2) 20.00 50.00 0.01
K 1.00 10.00 1.00 9
MODE FIT (ON/OFF) OFF - -

System Setup
MODE DIFF 3.00 50.00 0.01
ALGO (ENVELOPE/THRESH/
RMS - - App
RMS/PK-RMS)
LED

WAVELENGTH

THRESH 20.00 50.00 0.01

MEAN

(THRESH2 ) 20.00 50.00 0.01

K 2.35 10.00 1.00
Index
MODE FIT (ON/OFF) OFF - -
MODE DIFF 3.00 50.00 0.01
POWER
TOTAL

OFFSET LEVEL 0.00 10.00 -10.00

SMSR MODE (SMSR1/SMSR2/

SMSR1 - -
SMSR3/SMSR4)
SMSR MASK 0.00 99.99 0.00
SMSR SIDE MODE POWER (TRACE
TRACE DATA - -
DATA/NORMALIZED)
(BANDWIDTH) 0.10 1.00 0.01
Mode Diff 3.00 50.00 0.01
POWER POWER OFFSET 0.00 10.00 -10.00

IM AQ6370E-01EN 9-35
9.9 Resetting the Instrument to Its Factory Default Settings
Function Default value Maximum value Minimum value
ALGO (ENVELOPE/THRESH/
THRESH - -
RMS/PK-RMS)
-XdB CENTER/ THRESH 20.00 50.00 0.01
WIDTH (THRESH2) 20.00 50.00 0.01
K 1.00 10.00 1.00
MODE FIT (ON/OFF) OFF - -
MODE DIFF 3.00 50.00 0.01
SMSR MODE (SMSR1/SMSR2/
SMSR1 - -
SMSR3/SMSR4)
SMSR MASK 0.00 99.99 0.00
SMSR

MODE DIFF 3.00 50.00 0.01

SIDE MODE POWER (TRACE
TRACE DATA - -
DATA/NORMALIZED
(BANDWIDTH) 0.10 1.00 0.01
ITLA
POWER

SPAN 0.40 500.00 0.01

SSER ALGO (IEC Std./CurveFit) IEC Std. - -

MODE DIFF 3.00 50.00 0.01
ANALYSIS AREA 50.00 100.00 0.01
SSER/STSSER

(FITTING AREA) 50.00 100.00 0.01

MASK AREA 0.01 100.00 0.01
FITTING ALGO (GAUSS/
- - -
LORENZ/3RD POLY/4TH POLY)
BANDWIDTH 1.00 1.00 0.01
SIGNAL POWER (PEAK/
PEAK - -
INTEGRAL)
INTEGRAL RANGE 10.0 999.9 1.0

9-36 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 9.9 Resetting the Instrument to Its Factory Default Settings
Function Default value Maximum value Minimum value
1
THRESH LEVEL 20.0 99.9 0.1

DETECTION
CHANNEL

SETTING
MODE DIFF 3.0 50.0 0.1 2
DISPLAY MASK OFF 0.0 -100.0

NOISE ALGO 3
INTERPOLATION SETTING

(AUTO-FIX/MANUAL-FIX/ AUTO-FIX - -
AUTO-CTR/MANUAL-CTR/PIT)
NOISE AREA AUTO 10.00 0.01
(MASK AREA) - - - 4
(FITTING ALGO (LINEAR/
GAUSS/LORENZ/3RD LINEAR - -
WDM

POLY/4TH POLY/5TH POLY))

NOISE BW 0.10 1.00 0.01
5
DUAL TRACE (ON/OFF) OFF - -
DISPLAY TYPE (ABSOLUTE/
DISPLAY SETTING

RELATIVE/ ABSOLUTE - -
DRIFT(MEAS)/DRIFT(GRID))
CH RELATION (OFFSET/
6
OFFSET - -
SPACING)
REF CH HIGHEST 1024 1
OUTPUT SLOPE (ON/OFF) OFF - - 7
POINT DISPLAY (ON/OFF) ON - -
SIGNAL POWER (PEAK/
SETTING

PEAK - -
OTHER

INTEGRAL)

(INTEGRAL RANGE) 10.0 999.9 1.0 8

DETECTION
CHANNEL

THRESH LEVEL 20.0 99.9 0.1

SETTING

9
MODE DIFF 3.0 50.0 0.1

System Setup
OFFSET(IN) 0.00 99.99 -99.99
App
INTERPOLATION SETTING

OFFSET(OUT) 0.00 99.99 -99.99

ASE ALGO (AUTO-FIX/
MANUAL-FIX/AUTO-CTR/ AUTO-FIX - -
MANUAL-CTR)
FITTING AREA AUTO 10.00 0.01 Index
(MASK AREA) - - -
EDFA-NF

(FITTING ALGO (LINEAR/

GAUSS/LORENZ/3RD LINEAR - -
POLY/4TH POLY/5TH POLY))
POINT DISPLAY ON/OFF ON - -
CALCULATION

RES BW (MEASURED/CAL
CAL DATA - -
SETTING

DATA)
NF

SHOT NOISE (ON/OFF) ON - -

SIGNAL POWER (PEAK/

SETTING

PEAK - -
OTHER

INTEGRAL)

(INTEGRAL RANGE) 10.0 999.9 1.0

IM AQ6370E-01EN 9-37
9.9 Resetting the Instrument to Its Factory Default Settings

Function Default value Maximum value Minimum value

WAVE LEVEL
PEAK SW (ON/OFF) ON - -

LENGTH
PEAK

SW (ON/OFF)) ON - -

SW (ON/OFF) ON - -
WAVELENGTH

ALGO (THRESH/RMS) THRESH - -

CENTER

THRESH LEVEL 3.00 50.00 0.01

K 1.00 10.00 1.00
MODE FIT (ON/OFF) OFF - -
MODE DIFF 3.00 50.00 0.01
SW (ON/OFF) ON - -
FILTER-PK
SPECTRUM

ALGO (THRESH/RMS) THRESH - -

WIDTH

THRESH LEVEL 3.00 50.00 0.01

K 1.00 10.00 1.00
MODE FIT (ON/OFF) OFF - -
MODE DIFF 3.00 50.00 0.01
SW (ON/OFF) ON - -
RIPPLE
WIDTH

THRESH LEVEL 3.00 50.00 0.01

MODE DIFF 0.500 50.000 0.001
SW (ON/OFF) ON - -
ALGO (THRESH/PK LEVEL/
THRESH - -
GRID)
CROSS TALK

THRESH LEVEL 3.00 50.00 0.01

K 1.00 10.00 1.00
MODE FIT (ON/OFF) OFF - -
MODE DIFF 3.00 50.00 0.01
CH SPACE 0.40 50.00 0.00
(SEARCH AREA) 0.01 10.00 0.01
BOTTOM
WAVE LENGTH WAVE LENGTH LEVEL

SW (ON/OFF) ON - -
BOTTOM

SW (ON/OFF) ON - -

SW (ON/OFF) ON - -
FILTER-BTM
CENTER

ALGO (PEAK/BOTTOM) BOTTOM - -

THRESH LEVEL 3.00 50.00 0.01
MODE DIFF 3.00 50.00 0.01
SW (ON/OFF) ON - -
NOTCH
WIDTH

ALGO (PEAK/BOTTOM) BOTTOM - -

THRESH LEVEL 3.00 50.00 0.01
MODE DIFF 3.00 50.00 0.01
SW (ON/OFF) ON - -
ALGO (PEAK/BOTTOM/
CROSS TALK

BOTTOM - -
BOTTOM LVL/GRID)
THRESH LEVEL 3.00 50.00 0.01
MODE DIFF 3.00 50.00 0.01
CH SPACE 0.40 50.00 0.00
(SEARCH AREA) 0.01 10.00 0.01
9-38 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 9.9 Resetting the Instrument to Its Factory Default Settings

Function Default value Maximum value Minimum value 1

ALGO (PEAK/MEAN/GRID FIT/

WAVELENGTH
MEAN - -

WAVELENGTH DETECTION/
GRID)
CHANNEL

NOMINAL
THRESH LEVEL 20.0 99.9 0.1
MODE DIFF 3.0 50.0 0.1 2
(TEST BAND) 0.100 9.999 0.001

3
/ LEVEL
PEAK

SW (ON/OFF) ON - -

4
BAND BAND WAVELENGTH
WDM FIL-PK
XdB WIDTH/

SW ON/OFF ON - -
CENTER

THRESH LEVEL 3.0 50.0 0.1

5
SW (ON/OFF) ON - -
PASS STOP
XdB

THRESH LEVEL -10.000 30.000 -90.000

SW (ON/OFF) ON - - 6
CHANNEL CROSS RIPPLE XdB

THRESH LEVEL 3.0 50.0 0.1

TEST BAND 0.20 99.99 0.01
SW (ON/OFF) ON - -
TEST BAND 0.20 99.99 0.01 7
SW (ON/OFF) ON - -
WAVELENGTH DETECTION TALK

SPACING 0.80 99.99 0.01

TEST BAND 0.20 99.99 0.01
ALGO (BOTTOM/NOTCH(P)/
8
WAVELENGTH

NOTCH(B) - -
/ NOMINAL

NOTCH(B)/GRID FIT/GRID)
THRESH LEVEL 20.0 99.9 0.1
MODE DIFF 3.0 50.0 0.1
(TEST BAND) 0.100 9.999 0.001
9

System Setup
BOTTOM

/ LEVEL

SW (ON/OFF) ON - -
App
WAVELENGTH

SW (ON/OFF) ON - -
XdB NOTCH

CENTER
WIDTH /

Index
WDM FIL-BTM

ALGO (NOTCH(P)/NOTCH(B)) NOTCH(B) - -

THRESH LEVEL 3.0 50.0 0.1

SW (ON/OFF) ON - -
BAND
ELIMINATION STOP
XdB

THRESH LEVEL -10.000 30.000 -90.000

SW (ON/OFF) ON - -
BAND
XdB

THRESH LEVEL 3.0 50.0 0.1

TEST BAND 0.20 99.99 0.01

SW (ON/OFF) ON - -
CROSS RIPPLE

TEST BAND 0.20 99.99 0.01

SW (ON/OFF) ON - -
TALK

SPACING 0.80 99.99 0.01

TEST BAND 0.20 99.99 0.01

IM AQ6370E-01EN 9-39
9.9 Resetting the Instrument to Its Factory Default Settings

FILE
Maximum Minimum
Function Default value Notes
value value
The DRIVE
value is not
saved in the
DRIVE INT/EXT INT - -
setup data
file (STD
extension).
Trace File Type Binary - - -
All Trace File Type CSV - - -
Black&White/ Color/Preset Color Color - -
Graphics -
File Type PNG - -
Date Time ON - -
Save

Label ON - -

Data Area ON - -

Data Condition ON - - -

Trace Data OFF - -

Output Window OFF - -

Write Mode Overwrite - -

Item Select Trace - - -
Auto File Name (Num/Date) Num - - -

9-40 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 9.9 Resetting the Instrument to Its Factory Default Settings

SYSTEM 1
Maximum Minimum
Function Default value Notes
value value
2
Wavelength

Built-in Source ON - - -
Calibration

(External Laser) 1523.488, OFF 1700.000 600.000 -

(External Gas Cell) 1530.372, OFF 1700.000 600.000 -
Wavelength Shift 0.000 5.000 -5.000 - 3
Level Shift 0.000 60.000 -60.000 -
Wavelength in (Air/Vacuum) Vacuum - - -
Remote Interface GP-IB - - -
GP-IB My Address 1 30 0 -
4
Setting Command Format AQ6370E - - -
IPv4 SETTING AUTO - -
TCP/IP Setting*
IPv6 SETTING DISABLE - - 5
The IP address, subnet
Remote Port No. 10001 65535 1024
mask, and default
Command Format AQ6370E - - gateway values are not
Network Setting

saved in the setup data

Remote User Account *
anonymous - -
file (STD extension).
6
Remote Monitor Port (Off/On) On - -
Monitor Port No. 20001 (FIX) - -
The Folder Sharing
value is not saved in
7
Folder Sharing Disable - -
the setup data file (STD
extension).
TIMEOUT Infinite 21600 0 (Infinite) -
8
Trig Input Mode Smpl Trig - - -
Trig Output Mode Off - - -
Auto Offset (Off/On) On - - -
Setting

9
Offset
Auto

Interval 10 999 10 -

System Setup
Uncal Warning (Off/On) On - - -
Click (Off/On) On - - - App
Buzzer

Warning (Off/On) On - - -

Level Display Digit 2 3 1 -

Index
Color Mode (Color/B&W) Color - - -
The Language value
is not saved in the
setup data file (STD
Language English - - extension).
It will be initialized by
Parameter Initialize > All
Clear.

YR-MO-DY On - - The date and time

settings are stored in
Set
MO-DY-YR Off - - the instrument but not in
Clock
the setup data file (STD
extension).
DY-MO-YR Off - -

*: Will not be initialized.

IM AQ6370E-01EN 9-41
Appendix

Appendix 1 Grid Table for WDM Wavelength 1

Some analytical functions refer to the grid table for analysis (see the following table). The instrument 2
has a table of nominal center frequencies specified by the ITU-T (International Telecommunication
Union-Telecommunication sector) G692.

3
List of analytical functions with grid tables
Function Item Parameter name Parameter
WDM DISPLAY SETTING DISPLAY TYPE DRIFT(GRID)
FILTER PEAK CROSS TALK ALGO GRID 4
FILTER BOTTOM CROSS TALK ALGO GRID
WDM FILTER PEAK CHANNEL DETECTION/ ALGO GRIF FIT
NOMINAL WAVELENGTH GRID
WDM FILTER BOTTOM CHANNEL DETECTION/ ALGO GRIF FIT 5
NOMINAL WAVELENGTH GRID

Note 6
The unit of the wavelength axis in the grid tables can be set to wavelength or frequency using the MARKER
UNIT setting.

The following table shows the parameter ranges. 7

Standard Model (-10) and Limited model (-01)
Type Parameter range
Start frequency 125.0000~250.0000THz 8
Stop frequency 125.0000~250.0000THz
Reference frequency 125.00~250.00THz
Frequency spacing 0.100~999.999GHz
9
Extended model (-20)
Type Parameter range
Start frequency 120.0000~300.0000THz
Stop frequency 120.0000~300.0000THz
App
Reference frequency 120.00~300.00THz

Appendix
Frequency spacing 0.100~999.999GHz

Index
This is a grid table that users can edit.
It is created automatically by setting the start/stop wavelength (frequency), reference wavelength
(frequency), and frequency spacing.

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-1
 Appendix 2 Data Calculation Algorithms for
Spectrum Widths
The instrument can calculate spectrum widths of waveforms being displayed. This section provides
four types of spectrum width calculation methods as well as algorithms for the notch width
calculation.

THRESH method
This method is used to obtain the spectrum widths of two points, which are lower than the peak
level by a threshold value (THRESH [dB]) specified by a parameter, as well as their center
wavelengths.
The following table shows the details of the parameters of the THRESH method.

Parameter Abbreviation Default value Range Unit Description

THRESH TH 3.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB Threshold value
K K 1.00 1.00 to 10.00 - Multiplying factor
MODE FIT MODE FIT OFF ON / OFF - Sets whether the half of maximum
point is aligned to the mode peak.

Algorithms differ depending on the number of mode peaks. Algorithms for these numbers are
described below.

One mode peak

Threshold value

Δλ

λ1 λC λ2

• A mode search is performed to obtain the mode peaks.

• Wavelengths, which cross the line below the mode peak by the threshold value (THRESH1[dB]),
are assigned to λ1 and λ2.
• New λ1 and λ2 are obtained by multiplying factor K to the original λ1 and λ2 according to the
following equations.
λ'C = (λ2+λ1)/2
λ1 = K × (λ1 – λ'C) + λ'C
λ2 = K × (λ2 – λ'C) + λ'C
• The spectral width is determined from the following equation.
Δλ = λ2 – λ1
• Center wavelength λC is determined from the following equation.
λC=(λ2+λ1)/2

Note
If “MODE FIT” is set to ON for one mode peak, the spectral width Δλ and the center wavelength λC will
become as follows.
Δλ=0.0000 nm
λC = mode peak wavelength

App-2 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 2 Data Calculation Algorithms for Spectrum Widths

Two or more mode peaks 1

Threshold value 2

Δλ (”MODE FIT” ON) 3

Δλ (”MODE FIT” OFF)

4
λ1’ λ1 λ2 λ2’

• If “MODE FIT” is ON, the wavelengths of the mode peaks, which are outermost from the
threshold value (THRESH[dB]) among the mode peaks, are assigned to λ1 and λ2.
5
If “MODE FIT” is OFF, the wavelengths, which are located outside λ1 and λ2, and which
cross the line below the mode peak with the largest mode peak level by the threshold value
(THRESH[dB]), are assigned to λ'1 and λ'2. 6

• If “MODE FIT” is ON, New λ1 and λ2 are obtained by multiplying factor K to the original λ1 and
λ2 according to the following equations. 7
When “MODE FIT” is ON
λ'C=(λ2+λ1)/2
λ1 = K × (λ1 – λ'C) + λ'C 8
λ2 = K × (λ2 – λ'C) + λ'C

When “MODE FIT” is OFF

λ'C=(λ'2+λ'1)/2 9
λ'1 = K × (λ'1 – λ'C) + λ'C
λ'2 = K × (λ'2 – λ'C) + λ'C
App
• The spectral width is determined from the following equation.

Appendix
Δλ = λ2 – λ1(when “MODE FIT” is ON)
Δλ = λ'2 – λ'1(when “MODE FIT” is OFF)
Index
• Center wavelength λC is determined from the following equation.
λC = ( λ2 + λ1)/2 (when “MODE FIT” is ON)
λC = (λ'2 + λ'1)/2 (when “MODE FIT” is OFF)

MODE displayed in the data area are to be the number of mode peaks between λ1 and λ2.

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-3
Appendix 2 Data Calculation Algorithms for Spectrum Widths

ENVELOPE (envelope curve) method

This method is used in conjunction with a straight line (envelope) connecting mode peaks to obtain
the spectrum widths of the two points, which are lower than the peaks by a configured threshold
value (THRESH [dB]), as well as their center wavelengths.
The following table shows the details of the parameters of the ENVELOPE method.
Parameter Abbreviation Default value Range Unit Description
THRESH 1 TH1 3.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB Threshold value
THRESH 2 TH2 13.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB Threshold value when the
number of modes is calculated
K K 1.00 1.00 to 10.00 - Multiplying factor

Algorithms differ depending on the number of valid mode peaks.

Valid mode peaks mean the mode peaks, among the mode peaks obtained from a mode search,
whose level (LOG) is equal to or greater than the line that is below the peak level by the lower limit
(THRESH2).
Algorithms for these numbers of valid modes are described below.

One valid mode peak

Threshold value

Δλ

λ1 λC λ2

• A mode search is performed to obtain the mode peaks.

• Wavelengths, which cross the line below the mode peak by the threshold value (THRESH 1[dB]),
are assigned to λ1 and λ2.
• New λ1 and λ2 are obtained by multiplying factor K to the original λ1 and λ2 according to the
following equations.
λ'C=(λ2+λ1)/2
λ1 = K × (λ1 – λ'C) + λ'C
λ2 = K × (λ2 – λ'C) + λ'C
• The spectral width is determined from the following equation.
Δλ = λ2 – λ1
• Center wavelength λC is determined from the following equation.
λC=(λ2+λ1)/2

App-4 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 2 Data Calculation Algorithms for Spectrum Widths

Two valid mode peaks 1

Threshold value
2

3
λ1 λ2

• The levels (LOG) of the two valid mode peaks are assigned to LG1 and LG2 in order from the
left. 4

• λ1 and λ2 are determined using the following method.

• When |LG2−LG1| ≤ threshold value (THRESH 1[dB]), λ becomes λ1 and λ2 from the left. 5
• When |LG2−LG1| > threshold value (THRESH 1[dB])
Two valid mode peaks are connected with a straight line (envelope).
If LG1>LG2, the wavelength for the left mode peak is assigned to λ1. The wavelength of the
6
point where the line below the peak level by the threshold value (THRESH 1[dB]) and the straight
line (envelope) cross is assigned to λ2.
If LG1<LG2, the wavelength for the right mode peak is assigned to λ2. The wavelength of the
point where the line below the peak level by the threshold value (THRESH 1[dB]) and the straight
7
line (envelope) cross is assigned to λ1.

• New λ1 and λ2 are obtained by multiplying factor K to the original λ1 and λ2 according to the 8
following equations.
λ'C=(λ2+λ1)/2
λ1 = K × (λ1 – λ'C) + λ'C 9
λ2 = K × (λ2 – λ'C) + λ'C

• The spectral width is determined from the following equation.

App
Δλ = λ2 – λ1

Appendix
• Center wavelength λC is determined from the following equation.
λC=(λ2+λ1)/2 Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-5
Appendix 2 Data Calculation Algorithms for Spectrum Widths

Three or more valid mode peaks

Threshold value

λ1 λ2

• The levels (LOG) of three or more valid mode peaks are assigned to LG1, LG2, . . ., LGn in order
from the left. The level of the mode peak at the highest level is assigned to LGp.

• λ1 is obtained using the following method.

• When |LGp-LG1| ≤ threshold value (THRESH1[dB])
The wavelength of the LG1 mode peak is assigned to λ1.
• When |LGp-LG1| > threshold value (THRESH1[dB])
i The leftmost mode peak that is greater than |LGp-THRESH1| is determined.
ii The mode peak obtained in (i) and the highest mode peak on the left of (i) are
connected with a straight line.
iii The point where the line of |LGp−THRESH1| and the straight line (envelope) cross is
assigned to λ1.

• λ2 is obtained using the following method.

• When |LGp-LGn| ≤ threshold value (THRESH1[dB])
The wavelength of the LG1 mode peak is assigned to λ2.
• When |LGp-LGn| > threshold value (THRESH1[dB])
i The rightmost mode peak that is greater than |LGp-THRESH1| is determined.
ii The mode peak obtained in (i) and the highest mode peak on the right of (i) are
connected with a straight line.
iii The point where the line of |LGp−THRESH1| and the straight line (envelope) cross is
assigned to λ2.

• New λ1 and λ2 are obtained by multiplying factor K to the original λ1 and λ2 according to the
following equations.
λ'C=(λ2+λ1)/2
λ1 = K × (λ1 – λ'C) + λ'C
λ2 = K × (λ2 – λ'C) + λ'C

• The spectral width is determined from the following equation.

Δλ = λ2 – λ1
• Center wavelength λC is determined from the following equation.
λC=(λ2+λ1)/2

App-6 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 2 Data Calculation Algorithms for Spectrum Widths

RMS method 1
The RMS method is used to obtain the spectrum width and its center wavelength.
The following table shows the details of the parameters of the RMS method.
Parameter Abbreviation Default value Range Unit Description
2
THRESH TH 20.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB Threshold value
K K 2.35 1.00 to 10.00 - Multiplying factor

3
The algorithm is described below.

Peak level

4
Threshold
value

6
• The data points lying between the threshold value TH and peak level, within the displayed
waveform, are removed, and the spectrum width is determined by the following calculation.
• When the wavelength at each point is λi and the level at each point is Pi, the mean wavelength
7
λc can be found by the following expression.

∑ Pi x λi 8
λc =
∑ Pi
• Mean wavelength λc found above is used to find spectrum width Δλ with the following expression.
9
∑ Pi x (λi - λc) 2
∆λ = Kx
∑ Pi
App

Appendix
Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-7
Appendix 2 Data Calculation Algorithms for Spectrum Widths

PEAK RMS method

The PEAK RMS method is used to obtain the spectrum width and its center wavelength.
The following table shows the details of the parameters of the PEAK RMS method.
Parameter Abbreviation Default value Range Unit Description
THRESH TH 20.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB Threshold value
K K 2.35 1.00 to 10.00 - Multiplying factor

The algorithm is described below.

Peak level

Threshold
value

F1 F2

• The mode peaks lying between the threshold value TH and peak level, within the displayed
waveform, are removed, and the spectrum width is determined by the following calculation.
MODE NUM in the data area shows the number of mode peaks exceeding the threshold value
TH.
• When the wavelength at each point is λi and the level at each point is Pi, the mean wavelength
λc can be found by the following expression.

∑ Pi x λi
λc =
∑ Pi
• Mean wavelength λc found above is used to find spectrum width Δλ with the following expression.

∑ Pi x (λi - λc)2
∆λ = Kx
∑ Pi

App-8 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 2 Data Calculation Algorithms for Spectrum Widths

NOTCH width measurement 1

The bottom level is determined, and the NOTCH width for the bottom level and its center
wavelength are determined.
The following table shows the details of NOTCH analysis parameters.
2
Parameter Abbreviation Default value Range Unit Description
THRESH TH 3.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB Threshold value
K
TYPE
K
TYPE
1.00
BOTTOM
1.00 to 10.00
BOTTOM / PEAK
-
-
Multiplying factor
Reference position for
3
searching
The algorithm is described below. The algorithm differs depending on the analysis type (BOTTOM
or PEAK). The algorithms for each type of analysis are described below. 4
When “TYPE” is BOTTOM
λA λC λB
5

LGmin+TH
7

LGmin

λmin
8

• The minimum level “LGmin” is obtained. The wavelength of this point assigned to λmin. 9
• The rightmost wavelength located on the left of λmin and that crosses the level (LOG) of |LGmin
+ threshold value (THRESH[dB])| is assigned to λA.
• Set the leftmost wavelength located on the right of λmin and that crosses the level (LOG) of
App
|LGmin + threshold value (THRESH[dB])| is assigned to λB.
• New λA and λB are obtained by multiplying factor K.

Appendix
λ'C=(λB+λA)/2
λA = K × (λA – λ'C) + λ'C
Index
λB = K × (λB – λ'C) + λ'C
• The notch width is determined from the following equation.
Δλ = λA – λB
• Center wavelength λC is determined from the following equation.
λC=(λA+λB)/2

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-9
Appendix 2 Data Calculation Algorithms for Spectrum Widths

When “TYPE” is PEAK

λA λC λB λ1
λ0 Lp

Lp-TH

λmin

• The minimum level “LGmin” is obtained. The wavelength of this point assigned to λmin.
• LG0 at the peak level (LOG) on the left of LGmin is determined. The wavelength of this point
assigned to λ0.
• LG1 at the peak level (LOG) on the right of LGmin is determined. The wavelength of this point
assigned to λ1.
• The larger of the two levels, LG0 or LG1, is assigned to Lp.
• The leftmost wavelength between λ0 and λ1 crossing the level (LOG) of |Lp−threshold value
(THRESH[dB])| is assigned to λA.
• The rightmost wavelength between λ0 and λ1 crossing the level (LOG) of |Lp−threshold value
(THRESH[dB])| is assigned to λB.
• New λA and λB are obtained by multiplying factor K.
λ'C=(λB+λA)/2
λA = K × (λA – λ'C) + λ'C
λB = K × (λB – λ'C) + λ'C
• The notch width is determined from the following equation.
Δλ = λA – λB
• Center wavelength λC is determined from the following equation.
λC=(λA+λB)/2

App-10 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 3 Details of Each Analytical Function 1

This section describes the algorithms of analyses available under ANALYSIS 1. 2

ANALYSIS 1 provides such functions as collective analysis of various light sources, power analysis,
SMSR analysis, and PMD analysis.

3
SMSR analysis algorithms
The optical spectrum after the measurement of DFB-LD is used to analyze the SMSR (Side Mode
Suppression Ratio) of DFB-LD. The following table shows the details of SMSR analysis parameters. 4
Parameter Abbreviation Default value Range Unit Description
SMSR MODE MODE SMSR1 SMSR1/SMSR2/ - Execution mode during SMSR
SMSR3/SMSR4 measurement
SMSR MASK MASK ±0.00 0.00 to 99.99 nm Setting of near-peak mask 5
range during SMSR1 or SMSR3
measurement
SIDE MODE - TRACE DATA NORMALIZED or - Whether to normalize the power
POWER TRACE DATA value of the side mode with the 6
resolution bandwidth
BANDWIDTH - 0.10 0.01 to 3.00 nm Resolution bandwidth setting
(available only when SIDE MODE
NORM is ON)
MODE DIFF - 3 0.01 to 50.00 dB Minimum value for peak/bottom
7
difference detection.

The algorithm differs depending on the SMSR mode.

8
The analysis algorithms of each mode are described below.

SMSR1
The main mode is defined as the highest mode peak. The side mode is defined as the highest
9
mode peak outside of the mask area.

Main mode (λA)

App

Appendix
SMSR
Side mode
(λB) Index
This mode peak is within the mask
area, so it is not the side mode.

MASK AREA

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-11
Appendix 3 Details of Each Analytical Function

The analysis algorithm for the SMSR1 mode is as follows:

1. A mode search is performed to determine the mode peak.
2. The wavelength of the main mode is assigned to λA.
3. The wavelength of the side mode is assigned to λB.
If relevant points do not exist, the wavelength of the highest level outside of the mask area is
assigned to λB.
If there are multiple wavelengths that can be assigned to λB, the leftmost wavelength is
assigned to λB.
The side mode level LB is determined.
• When the SIDE MODE POWER parameter is TRACE DATA
Level where LB = λB
• When the SIDE MODE POWER parameter is NORMALIZED
A value obtained by normalizing the level where LB = λB by the resolution bandwidth
4. The levels (linear values) of λA and λB are assigned to LA and LB, respectively.
5. SMSR and Δλ are determined from the following equations.
SMSR=LA/LB
Δλ = λB – λA

SMSR2
The main mode is defined as the highest mode peak. The side mode is defined as the highest
mode peak adjacent to the main mode.

Main mode (λA)

SMSR

Side mode
(λB)

The analysis algorithm for the SMSR2 mode is as follows:

1. A mode search is performed to determine the mode peak.
2. The wavelength of the main mode is assigned to λA.
3. The wavelength of the side mode is assigned to λB.
If there are no mode peaks other than the one whose wavelength has been assigned to λA,
λB is assigned to λA.
The side mode level LB is determined.
• When the SIDE MODE POWER parameter is TRACE DATA
Level where LB = λB
• When the SIDE MODE POWER parameter is NORMALIZED
A value obtained by normalizing the level where LB = λB by the resolution bandwidth

App-12 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 3 Details of Each Analytical Function

4. The levels (linear values) of λA and λB are assigned to LA and LB, respectively. 1
5. SMSR and Δλ are determined from the following equations.
SMSR=LA/LB
2
Δλ = λB – λA

SMSR3
The main mode is defined as the highest mode peak. The side modes are defined as the highest 3
mode peaks outside of the mask area—one on the left side and one on the right side of the mask
area.

Main mode (λA)

4

SMSR(L)
SMSR(R) 5
Side mode
(λB)
Side mode
(λC)
6
MASK AREA

The analysis algorithm for the SMSR3 mode is as follows: 7

1. A mode search is performed to determine the mode peak.
2. The main mode point is assigned to PA. The wavelength of this point is assigned to λA.
8
3. The wavelength of the side mode that has a wavelength shorter than PA is assigned to λB.
The wavelength of the side mode that has a wavelength longer than PA is assigned to λC.
If relevant points do not exist, for the levels outside the mask area, the wavelength at the
9
highest level whose wavelength is shorter than PA is assigned to λB and the wavelength at the
highest level whose wavelength is longer than PA is assigned to λC.
The side mode levels LB, and LC are determined.
App
• When the SIDE MODE POWER parameter is TRACE DATA

Appendix
Level where LB = λB
Level where LC = λC Index
• When the SIDE MODE POWER parameter is NORMALIZED
A value obtained by normalizing the level where LB = λB by the resolution bandwidth
A value obtained by normalizing the level where LC = λC by the resolution bandwidth
4. The levels (linear values) of λA, λB, and λC are assigned to LA, LB, and LC, respectively.
5. SMSR and Δλ are determined from the following equations.
SMSR(L)=LA/LB
SMSR(R)=LA/LC
Δλ(L) = λB – λA
Δλ(R) = λC – λA

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-13
Appendix 3 Details of Each Analytical Function

SMSR4
The main mode is defined as the highest mode peak. The side modes are defined as the mode
peaks adjacent to the main mode.

Main mode (λA)

SMSR(L) SMSR(R)

Side mode
(λB) Side mode
(λC)

The analysis algorithm for the SMSR4 mode is as follows:

1. A mode search is performed to determine the mode peak.
2. The main mode point is assigned to PA. The wavelength of this point is assigned to λA.
3. The wavelength of the side mode that has a wavelength shorter than PA is assigned to λB.
The wavelength of the side mode that has a wavelength longer than PA is assigned to λC.
If there is no mode peak whose wavelength is shorter than PA, λB is set equal to λA. If there is
no mode peak whose wavelength is longer than PA, λC is set equal to λA.
The side mode levels LB, and LC are determined.
• When the SIDE MODE POWER parameter is TRACE DATA
Level where LB = λB
Level where LC = λC
• When the SIDE MODE POWER parameter is NORMALIZED
A value obtained by normalizing the level where LB = λB by the resolution bandwidth
A value obtained by normalizing the level where LC = λC by the resolution bandwidth
4. The levels (linear values) of λA, λB, and λC are assigned to LA, LB, and LC, respectively.
5. SMSR and Δλ are determined from the following equations.
SMSR(L)= LA/LB
SMSR(R)=LA/LC
Δλ(L) = λB – λA
Δλ(R) = λC – λA

App-14 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 3 Details of Each Analytical Function

POWER analysis algorithms 1

This function determines the total power by integrating the level values of the measured waveform.
Using the line marker search function and zoom area search function is convenient when
performing power analysis.
2
The following table shows the details of POWER analysis parameters.
Parameter Abbreviation Default value Range Unit Description
POWER OFFSET OFST 0.00 –10.00 to 10.00 dB Compensation value in power 3
measurement

The algorithm is described below.

• The resolution bandwidth is determined for all display points. 4
(The values for λx = λSHIFT + λOFST are determined through interpolation using a table.)
In the vacuum wavelength mode (MEAS WL AIR/VACUUM key under SET UP), the following
equation is used to obtain λx. 5
λ0=λ+λSHIFT
λx=λ0/N(λ0)+λOFST
6
If the X-axis display mode is frequency, the equation below is used to convert the resolution
bandwidth (frequency) Ri for all display points to wavelength values.
Ri=(λixλixRfi)/C
where λi : Wavelength (nm) at each point
7
Rfi : Resolution bandwidth (THz)
C: Speed of light in the vacuum (2.99792458 x 108[m/s])
8
• The resolution bandwidth for the ith point is assigned to Ri and the level to Li.
• The total power is determined from the following equation.

SPAN 9
POWER = x ∑ Li + POWEROFFSET
SAMPLE - 1 Ri

DFB-LD analysis algorithms App

The following parameters for DFB-LD light sources are analyzed collectively.

Appendix
• -XdB WIDTH (Center WL/SPWD)
• SMSR Index
• RMS
• POWER
• OSNR

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-15
Appendix 3 Details of Each Analytical Function

The following table shows the details of DFB-LD analysis parameters.

Parameter Abbreviation Default value Range Unit Description
ENVELOPE/
ALGO THRESH THRESH/RMS/PK- - -
RMS
THRESH 20.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB -
-XdB Valid only when ALGO is
CENTER/ THRESH2 20.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB
ENVELOPE.
WIDTH
K 1.00 1.00 to 10.00 - -
Valid only when ALGO is
MODE FIT OFF ON / OFF -
THRESH.
MODE DIFF 3.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB Invalid when ALGO is RMS.
SMSR1/SMSR2/
SMSR MODE SMSR1 - -
SMSR3/SMSR4
SMSR MASK ±0.00 0.00 to 99.99 nm -
SMSR MODE DIFF 3.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB -
SIDE MODE TRACE DATA/
TRACE DATA - -
POWER NORMALIZED
BANDWIDTH 0.10 0.01 to 1.00 nm -
ALGO RMS RMS/PK-RMS - -
THRESH 20.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB -
RMS
K 2.35 0.01 to 10.00 - -
MODE DIFF 3.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB Invalid when ALGO is RMS.
POWER SPAN 0.40 0.01 to 10.00 nm -
MODE DIFF 3.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB -
AUTO-FIX/
MANUAL-FIX/
NOISE ALGO PIT - -
AUTO-CTR/
MANUAL-CTR/PIT
AUTO/
NOISE AREA AUTO nm -
0.01 to 10.00
-/
MASK AREA - nm -
0.01 to 10.00
OSNR
LINEAR/GAUSS/
FITTING LORENZ/3RD
LINEAR - -
ALGO POLY/4TH
POLY/5TH POLY
NOISE BW 0.10 0.01 to 1.00 nm -
SIGNAL
PEAK PEAK/INTEGRAL - -
POWER
INTEGRAL
10.0 1.0 to 999.9 GHz -
RANGE

For details on the DFB-LD analysis algorithms, see the data calculation algorithms for spectrum
widths, the SMSR analysis algorithms, and the WDM analysis algorithms (OSNR analysis).

App-16 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 3 Details of Each Analytical Function

FP-LD analysis algorithms 1

The following parameters for FP-LD light sources are analyzed collectively.
• SPECTRUM WIDTH
• MEAN WAVELENGTH
2
• TOTAL POWER
• MODE NO.
3
The following table shows the details of FP-LD analysis parameters.
Parameter Abbreviation Default value Range Unit Description
ENVELOPE / THRESH /
ALGO PK-RMS
RMS / PK-RMS
- 4
THRESH 20 0.01 to 50.00 dB
Valid only when ALGO is
SPECTRUM THRESH2 20 0.01 to 50.00 dB
ENVELOPE.
WIDTH 5
K 2.35 1.00 to 10.00 -
Valid only when ALGO is
MODE FIT OFF ON / OFF -
THRESH.
MODE DIFF 3 0.01 to 50.00 dB 6
ENVELOPE / THRESH /
ALGO PK-RMS -
RMS / PK-RMS
THRESH 20 0.01 to 50.00 dB
7
Valid only when ALGO is
MEAN THRESH2 20 0.01 to 50.00 dB
ENVELOPE.
WAVELENGTH
K 2.35 1.00 to 10.00 -

MODE FIT OFF ON / OFF -

Valid only when ALGO is 8
THRESH.
MODE DIFF 3 0.01 to 50.00 dB
OFFSET
TOTAL POWER
LEVEL
0 -10.00 to 10.00 dB 9
ENVELOPE / THRESH /
ALGO PK-RMS -
RMS / PK-RMS
THRESH 20.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB
App
Valid only when ALGO is
THRESH2 20.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB
MODE NO. ENVELOPE.

Appendix
K 2.35 1.00 to 10.00 -
Valid only when ALGO is Index
MODE FIT OFF ON / OFF -
THRESH.
MODE DIFF 3.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB

For details on the FP-LD analysis algorithms, see the data calculation algorithms for spectrum widths and power
analysis algorithms.

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-17
Appendix 3 Details of Each Analytical Function

LED analysis algorithms

The following parameters for LED light sources are analyzed collectively.
• SPECTRUM WIDTH
• MEAN WAVELENGTH
• TOTAL POWER

The following table shows the details of LED analysis parameters.

Parameter Abbreviation Default value Range Unit Description
ENVELOPE / THRESH
ALGO THRESH -
/ RMS / PK-RMS
THRESH 3 0.01 to 50.00 dB
Valid only when ALGO is
SPECTRUM THRESH2 20 0.01 to 50.00 dB
ENVELOPE.
WIDTH
K 1 1.00 to 10.00 -
Valid only when ALGO is
MODE FIT OFF ON / OFF -
THRESH.
MODE DIFF 3 0.01 to 50.00 dB
ENVELOPE / THRESH
ALGO RMS -
/ RMS / PK-RMS
THRESH 20 0.01 to 50.00 dB
Valid only when ALGO is
MEAN THRESH2 20 0.01 to 50.00 dB
ENVELOPE.
WAVELENGTH
K 2.35 1.00 to 10.00
Valid only when ALGO is
MODE FIT OFF ON / OFF -
THRESH.
MODE DIFF 3 0.01 to 50.00 dB
OFFSET
TOTAL POWER 0 –10.00 to 10.00 dB
LEVEL

For details on the LED analysis algorithms, see the data calculation algorithms for spectrum widths
and power analysis algorithms.

ITLA analysis algorithms

The following parameters for ITLA light sources are analyzed collectively.
• -XdB CENTER / WIDTH
• SMSR
• POWER
• SSER / STSSER

The following table shows the details of ITLA analysis parameters.

Parameter Abbreviation Default value Range Unit Description
ENVELOPE / THRESH
ALGO THRESH - -
/ RMS / PK-RMS
THRESH 20.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB -
Valid only when ALGO is
-XdB CENTER / THRESH2 20.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB
ENVELOPE.
WIDTH
K 1.00 1.00 to 10.00 - -
MODE FIT OFF ON / OFF - -
Invalid when ALGO is
MODE DIFF 3.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB
RMS

App-18 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 3 Details of Each Analytical Function

Parameter Abbreviation Default value Range Unit Description

1
SMSR1 / SMSR2 / Execution mode during
SMSR MODE SMSR1 -
SMSR3 / SMSR4 SMSR measurement
Sets the mask range 2
near the peak.
Valid only when SMSR1
is selected.
SMSR MASK 0.00 0.00 to 99.99 nm If SMSR MASK exceeds
the SEARCH AREA 3
setting, SMSR MASK
= SEARCH AREA is
SMSR assumed.
MODE DIFF 3.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB - 4
Whether to normalize the
SIDE MODE TRACE DATA/ SIDE MODE POWER
TRACE DATA -
POWER NORMALIZED value with the resolution
bandwidth. 5

Resolution bandwidth
BANDWIDTH 0.10 0.01 to 1.00 nm setting.
Valid only when SIDE 6
MODE NORM is ON.
POWER SPAN SPAN 0.40 0.01 to 500.00 nm -

SSER ALGO IEC Std. IEC Std. or CurveFit -

Selects the SSER
analysis algorithm.
7
Minimum value for peak/
MODE DIFF 3.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB bottom difference during
mode detection.
8
Analysis is
ANAYSIS performed within the
50.00 0.01 to 100.00 nm
AREA peak±ANALYSIS AREA
of the waveform.
9
Performs curve fitting
using data within the
peak±FITTING AREA of
FITTING AREA 50.00 - / 0.01 to 100.00 nm
the waveform.
Valid only when ALGO is App
CurveFit.

Appendix
SSER / STSSER Specifies the wavelength
range to exclude from
analysis near main Index
mode.
MASK AREA 1.00 0.01 to 100.00 nm
MASK AREA shall be
within the FITTING
AREA and ANALYSIS
AREA.
Selects the fitting
algorithm when
GAUSS / LORENZ /
FITTING determining the noise
GAUSS 3RD POLY / 4TH POLY -
ALGO spectrum.
/ 5TH POLY
Valid only when ALGO is
CurveFit.
Sets the noise bandwidth
NOISE BW 1.00 0.01 to 1.00 nm during noise level
normalization.

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-19
Appendix 3 Details of Each Analytical Function

Parameter Abbreviation Default value Range Unit Description

Sets the signal power
calculation method
SIGNAL
PEAK PEAK / INTEGRAL - PEAK: peak level value
POWER
INTEGRAL: level value
obtained by integration
Setting of the integral
SSER / STSSER range for determining
the signal optical power
If the set value is Δf, the
INTEGRAL
±10.0 ±1.0 to 999.9 GHz integral is calculated in
RANGE
the range of channel
center wavelength ±Δf.
Valid only when SIGNAL
POWER is INTEGRAL.

For details on the ITLA analysis algorithms, see the data calculation algorithms for spectrum widths,
the SMSR analysis algorithms, and the POWER analysis algorithms.
For the analysis algorithm of SSER/STSSER mode, see the following pages.

App-20 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 3 Details of Each Analytical Function

SSER analysis algorithms 1

The algorithm differs depending on the SSER ALGO setting.
The analysis algorithms of each mode are described below.
2
IEC Std.
The largest mode peak is defined as the main mode, and the mode peaks in the ANALYSIS AREA
excluding the MASK AREA are defined as side modes. 3

Center wavelength (λC)

PA
Main mode (λA)
4

Side mode SSER

(λB) A[dB]
5
This mode peak is within the
mask area, so it is not the
side mode.

MASK AREA 6
ANALYSIS AREA

7
The analysis algorithm for the IEC Std. mode is as follows:
1. A mode search is performed to obtain the mode peaks.
2. The main mode point is assigned to PA. The wavelength of this point is assigned to λA. 8
3. The wavelength at the center of the two points A [dB] down from the main mode peak position
(PA) to the left and right is the center wavelength of the mode peak, λC. (A [dB] is the smaller
of 3 dB or the MODE DIFF setting.) 9
4. The main mode level LA [dBm] is determined.
• When the SIGNAL POWER parameter is set to PEAK
LA = mode peak level App
• When the SIGNAL POWER parameter is set to INTEGRAL

Appendix
LA = integrated power value at the center wavelength λC ±Δf of the mode peak [GHz].
Index
5. Determine the range from the ANALYSIS AREA and MASK AREA to search for the
spontaneous emission light level.
6. Find the level of the maximum peak power (side mode) in the range determined in 4. Define
this level as LB.
Define the wavelength at this point as λB.
Normalize LB by the actual resolution value RBi [nm] at λB.
Then, convert it to power per noise bandwidth NOISE BW [nm] using the formula below.
LB' [dBm] = LB [dBm] – 10 × Log(RBi[nm]) + 10 × Log(NOISE BW[nm])
7. Determine SSER using the formula below.
SSER [dB] = LA [dBm] - LB' [dBm]

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-21
Appendix 3 Details of Each Analytical Function

CurveFit
The largest mode peak is defined as the main mode. The peak power in the curve-fit waveform
created from the spectral data is defined as the noise power.

Main mode (λA) Center wavelength (λC)

PA

SSER
Noise power
A[dB]
Curve-fit waveform

MASK AREA
FITTING AREA

ANALYSIS AREA

The analysis algorithm for the mode CurveFit is as follows:

1. A mode search is performed to obtain the mode peaks.
2. The main mode point is assigned to PA. The wavelength of this point is assigned to λA.
3. The wavelength at the center of the two points A [dB] down from the main mode peak position
(PA) to the left and right is the center wavelength of the mode peak, λC. (A [dB] is the smaller
of 3 dB or the MODE DIFF setting.)
4. The main mode level LA [dBm] is determined.
• When the SIGNAL POWER parameter is set to PEAK
LA = mode peak level
• When the SIGNAL POWER parameter is set to INTEGRAL
LA = integrated power value at the center wavelength λC ±Δf of the mode peak [GHz].
5. Determine the fitting range from the ANALYSIS AREA and MASK AREA to create a curve-fit
waveform of the light source under test.
6. Create a curve-fit waveform from the fitting range data obtained in 5.
7. Let the maximum peak power (noise power) in the curve-fit waveform obtained in 6. be the
level of spontaneous emission light, LB [dBm]. Define the wavelength at this point as λB.
Normalize LB by the actual resolution value RBi [nm] at λB.
Then, convert it to power per noise bandwidth NOISE BW [nm] using the formula below.
LB' [dBm] = LB [dBm] – 10 × Log(RBi[nm]) + 10 × Log(NOISE BW[nm])
8. Determine SSER using the formula below.
SSER [dB] = LA [dBm] - LB' [dBm]

App-22 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 3 Details of Each Analytical Function

STSSER analysis algorithms 1

The largest mode peak is defined as the main mode.

Center wavelength (λC)

2
Main mode (PA, λA) PA

3
pt1 pt2 A[dB]
Pa Pb Pc

MASK AREA 4
ANALYSIS AREA

5
The analysis algorithm for the mode STSSER is as follows:
1. A mode search is performed to obtain the mode peaks.
2. The main mode point is assigned to PA. The wavelength of this point is assigned to λA. 6
3. The wavelength at the center of the two points A [dB] down from the main mode peak position
(PA) to the left and right is the center wavelength of the mode peak, λC. (A [dB] is the smaller
of 3 dB or the MODE DIFF setting.) 7
4. The main mode level LA [dBm] is determined.
• When the SIGNAL POWER parameter is set to PEAK
LA = mode peak level 8
• When the SIGNAL POWER parameter is set to INTEGRAL
LA = integrated power value at the center wavelength λC ±Δf of the mode peak [GHz].
9
5. Determine the power, LB, of spontaneous emission light according to the following procedure.
• Let Pa be the integrated spectral power from the left end of the ANALYSIS AREA to the left
end of the MASK AREA.
App
• Let pt1 be the point of the spectrum at the left end of the MASK AREA and pt2 be the point of
the spectrum at the right end of the MASK AREA. Connect pt1 to pt2 with a straight line, and
Appendix
let Pb be the integral power of the range bounded by the line, the horizontal axis, and MASK
AREA.
Index
• Let Pc be the integrated spectral power in the range from the right end of the MASK AREA to
the right end of the ANALYSIS AREA.
Determine LB from the formula below.
LB = Pa + Pb + Pc
6. Determine STSSER using the formula below.
STSSER [dB] = LA [dBm] - LB [dBm]

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-23
 Appendix 4 WDM Analysis Function

This function provides the analyses of noise level and SNR in each mode within the measurement
range of WDM waveforms.

Analysis Items
NO.: Channel number i
WAVELENGTH: Center wavelength λi of the channel
LEVEL: Level (peak level − noise level) Li of the channel
OFFSET WL: Relative wavelength to the wavelength of the reference
channel (REF)
OFFSET LVL: Relative level to the level of the reference channel (REF)
SPACING: Wavelength spacing to the adjacent channel
LVL DIFF: Level difference from then adjacent channel
NOISE: Noise level LNi of the channel
SNR: SNR value SNi of the channel
GRID WL: Nearest grid wavelength to the channel
MEAS WL: Center wavelength λi of the channel
REL WL: Relative wavelength to the nearest grid wavelength of the
channel

Note
dBm/nm and dBm/THz figures are changed to dBm figures before execution.

Parameters
Channel Detection Parameters
Parameter Default Range Unit Description
THRESH 20.0 0.1 to 99.9 dB Threshold value for channel detection.
Minimum value for peak/bottom difference during channel
MODE DIFF 3.0 0.1 to 50.0 dB
detection.
DISPLAY OFF, Levels equal to or below this level are not detected as
OFF dBm
MASK -100.0 to 0.0 WDM channels.

App-24 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 4 WDM Analysis Function

SNR Analysis Parameters 1

Parameter Default Range Unit Description
AUTO-FIX
MANUAL-FIX
AUTO-CTR
2
NOISE ALGO AUTO-FIX - Selection of algorithms for noise level measurement.
MANUAL-
CTR
PIT
A range of waveform data for use in noise level
3
analysis is specified as a range centering on channel
wavelengths.

NOISE AREA
4
0.40nm 0.01 to 10.00 nm When N_ALGO is:
• AUTO-FIX: "AUTO"
• MANUAL-FIX: **.**
• AUTO-CTR: "Between Ch" 5
• MANUAL-CTR: "Between Ch"
• PIT: "PIT"
Specifies the signal optical spectrum range to be masked
within the waveform data, while using the channel
wavelength as its center.
6
When N_ALGO is:
• AUTO-FIX “−”
• MANUAL-FIX
When F_ALGO is LINEAR: “−” 7
MASK AREA 0.20nm 0.01 to 10.00 nm Other cases: Parameter value input
• AUTO-CTR: “−”
• MANUAL-CTR
When F_ALGO is LINEAR: “−” 8
Other causes: Parameter value input
Limiter is applied during input to ensure NOISE AREA ≥
MASK AREA.
• PIT “−”
9
LINEAR
GAUSS
LORENZ
FITTING ALGO LINEAR - Selection of a fitting algorithm for obtaining noise levels.
3RD POLY
4TH POLY
App
5TH POLY

Appendix
NOISE BW 0.10nm 0.01 to 1.00 nm Noise bandwidth setting.
OFF: The active trace is analyzed. Index
ON: Wavelengths and levels are calculated from
DUAL TRACE OFF ON/OFF -
TRACE A. Noise levels are calculated from
TRACE B.

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-25
Appendix 4 WDM Analysis Function

Display parameters
Parameter Default Range Unit Description
Setting of the format to display wavelengths, levels,
noises, and SNRs, which are the results of analyses.
ABSOLUTE
ABSOLUTE: Absolute values
DISPLAY RELATIVE
ABSOLUTE - RELATIVE: Relative values to the grid
TYPE DRIFT(MEAS)
DRIFT(MEAS): Drift relative to a past measured
DRIFT(GRID)
wavelength
DRIFT(GRID): Drift relative to the grid wavelength
Setting of the format to display wavelengths between
channels and level relative values during DISPLAY:
ABSOLUTE.
This parameter is valid only when DISPLAY is set to
OFFSET
CH RELATION OFFSET - ABSOLUTE.
SPACING
OFFSET: Offset values by using one arbitrary
channel as the reference.
SPACING: Offset values compared to an
adjacent channel
Setting of the reference channel when CH RELATION
is set to OFFSET.
This parameter is valid only when DISPLAY is set to
ABSOLUTE and also when CH RELATION is set to
HIGHEST
REF CH HIGHEST - OFFSET.
****
HIGHEST: A channel with the highest level is
used as the reference.
****: The ****th channel is used as the reference.
MAX/MIN Pressing the button resets MAX/MIN.
— — -
RESET Button valid only when DISPLAY is set to DRIFT.
ON/OFF of the function to obtain the least square
OUTPUT
OFF ON/OFF - approximation line of the channel peak.
SLOPE

POINT ON/OFF of the function to display the data range used

ON ON/OFF -
DISPLAY for fitting into the waveform window.

Other settings
Parameter Default Range Unit Description
Setting of the signal power calculation method
SIGNAL PEAK
PEAK - PEAK: Peak level value
POWER INTEGRAL
INTEGRAL: Level value obtained by integration
Setting of the integral range for determining the signal
optical power
INTEGRAL
10.0 1.0 to 999.9 GHz Valid when the SIGNAL POWER setting is INTEGRAL.
RANGE
If the set value is Δf, the integral is calculated in the
range of channel center wavelength ±Δf.

App-26 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 4 WDM Analysis Function

Analysis Algorithm 1

Data range used in the fitting calculation

Fitting Line 3
level

5
Measured noise level wavelength
mask
area

noise area 6

1. Channel detection is performed on the measured waveform data according to the following
procedure. 7
All maximum points and minimum points are found to obtain mode peaks where peak/ bottom
differences between maximum points and minimum points on both sides are equal to or
greater than MODE DIFF. 8
Of the obtained mode peaks, only the ones whose level difference compared to the highest
peak is equal to or greater than THRESH are chosen. However, mode peaks with a level
difference equal to or less than DISPLAY MASK are excluded. The number of mode peaks
9
chosen in this manner is the number of channels N.
2. The wavelength λ’i of each mode peak is determined.
3. The center wavelengths λ'i of each mode peak that are 2 points down A[dB] to the left and App
right from mode peak λ'I are determined (where A[dB] is 3 dB or the MODE DIFF setting,
whichever is smaller).
4. The signal level LSi of each mode is determined according to the parameter SIGNAL POWER Appendix
Index
setting.
For “PEAK”
LSi = Level LPi of each mode peak
For “INTEGRAL”
LSi = The integral of the power value in the range of the center wavelength ±Δf [GHz] of
each mode
(Δf: parameter INTEGRAL RANGE setting value)

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-27
Appendix 4 WDM Analysis Function

5. The noise area and mask area for performing the NOISE fitting are determined according to
the setting of the parameter NOISE ALGO.
If the mask area is set outside the noise area when the channel wavelength λi is the center,
the mask area and the noise area will be the same value.
6. The measurement resolution RBi of each channel is determined from the values stored in the
instrument.
7. Fitting waveforms are generated from the noise area and mask area determined in 5 according
to the setting of the parameter FITTING ALGO, and the level at the center wavelength λi is
determined as the noise level LNi.
8. The signal level LSi and noise level LNi obtained in steps 4 and 7 are used to determine the
level Li of each channel using the following equation.
Li = LSi(linear) − LNi(linear)
9. The normalized noise level LNNi is determined from the following equation.
LNNi=[LNi(LOG)–10×Log(RBi[nm])]+10×Log(NBW)
NBW =noise bandwidth (configurable parameter)
10. The mode peak level Li obtained in steps 8 and 9 and the normalized noise level LNNi are
used to determine SNi from the following equation.
SNi=10×log(Li)–LNNi
11. The analysis results found above are displayed according to the DISPLAY SETTING
parameter.

App-28 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 4 WDM Analysis Function

Automatic parameter setting function 1

This instrument has a function that automatically configures the noise area and mask area settings.
To perform automatic setting, set the algorithm to AUTO-FIX, AUTO-CTR, or PIT.
2
AUTO-FIX
• Noise Algorithm
The left and right noise areas (NA_Ri, NA_Li) of each channel are determined according to the 3
number of detected WDM channels as follows:

When the number of WDM channels “n” is 1 4

The measurement resolution of SNi calculation trace and the value of the noise measurement
point NOISE AREA in accordance with the resolution are determined internally, and then the
values are found from the following equations. 5
NA_Ri=λi+NOISE AREA
NA_Li = λi – NOISE AREA

6
When the number of WDM channels “n” is 2 or more
The channel spacing of each channel (spacing of λi.) is determined. With the minimum
spacing assigned to SPACING and using NOISE AREA = SPACING / 2, the NOISE AREA is
determined using the following equation. 7
NA_Ri=λi+NOISE AREA(i=1,2,…,n)
NA_Li = λi – NOISE AREA (i = 1, 2, …, n)
8
• Fitting algorithm
When AUTO-FIX is selected, LINEAR is used for the fitting algorithm. The details of the
calculation are as follows: 9
• ELi and ERi are determined as the level (LOG) of each position of the noise areas NA_Li and
NA_Ri.
• The data of the straight line connecting the two points of ELi and ERi is used to fill the inside
App
of the fitting range.
• The level of λi of the data generated in the fitting is assigned to the noise level LNi.

Appendix
Index
Note
Because LINEAR is used, it is not possible to set mask areas.

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-29
Appendix 4 WDM Analysis Function

AUTO-CTR
• Noise Algorithm
The left and right noise areas (NA_Ri, NA_Li) of each channel are determined according to the
number of detected WDM channels as follows (while treating the center points between channels
as NA_Ri and NA_Li).

When the number of WDM channels “n” is 1

The measurement resolution of SNi calculation trace and the value of the noise measurement
point NOISE AREA in accordance with the resolution are determined internally, and then the
values are found from the following equations.
NA_Ri=λi+NOISE AREA
NA_Li = λi – NOISE AREA

When the number of WDM channels “n” is 2 or more

λN1 = (3λ1 – λ2)/2
i=2,3,…,n
λNi = (λi – λi-1)/2
λNn+1 = (3λn – λn-1)/2
When the above values are calculated, the following results will be obtained.
i=1,2,…,n
NA_Li=λNi
NA_Ri=λNi+1

• Fitting algorithm
When AUTO-CTR is selected, LINEAR is used for the fitting algorithm. The details of the
calculation are as follows:
• ELi and ERi are determined as the level (LOG) of each position of the noise areas NA_Li and
NA_Ri.
• The data of the straight line connecting the two points of ELi and ERi is used to fill the inside
of the fitting range.
• The level of λi of the data generated in the fitting is assigned to the noise level LNi.

Note
Because LINEAR is used, it is not possible to set mask areas.

App-30 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 4 WDM Analysis Function

PIT 1
• Noise Algorithm
For each channel, the minimum level position in the area up to the next channel is determined
from the measured waveform and used as NOISE AREA. 2
For the left-most and right-most channels, the internal NOISE AREA is used for the outer NOISE
AREA.

3
When the number of WDM channels “n” is 1
The measurement resolution of SNi calculation trace and the value of the noise measurement
point NOISE AREA in accordance with the resolution are determined internally, and then the
values are found from the following equations. 4
NA_Ri = λi + NOISE AREA
NA_Li = λi – NOISE AREA
5
When the number of WDM channels “n” is 2 or more
i=1
NA_Li = λi – (λNi – λi) 6
NA_Ri=λNi
i=2,3,…,n-1
NA_Li=λN(i - 1)
7
NA_Ri=λNi
i=n
NA_Li=λN(i-1)
NA_Ri = λi + (λi – λN(i-1))
8

• Fitting algorithm
When PIT is selected, LINEAR is used for the fitting algorithm. The details of the calculation are 9
as follows:
• ELi and ERi are determined as the level (LOG) of each position of the noise areas NA_Li and
NA_Ri. App
• The data of the straight line connecting the two points of ELi and ERi is used to fill the inside

Appendix
of the fitting range.
• The level of λi of the data generated in the fitting is assigned to the noise level LNi.
Index

Note
Because LINEAR is used, it is not possible to set mask areas.

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-31
Appendix 4 WDM Analysis Function

DUAL TRACE Parameter Setting

This function enables more precise analyses by measuring waveforms with different measurement
resolutions at trace A and trace B and also by performing measurements with resolutions different
in noise level from the signal level of each channel.
When “DUAL TRACE” is ON, targets for the analysis of each trace are as follows:
• TRACE A: trace subject to channel detection
• TRACE A: calculation traces λi and Li
• TRACE B: noise level LNi calculation trace

OUTPUT SLOPE function

The parameter “OUTPUT SLOPE” provides a function to obtain the least square approximation
curve of channel peaks. This function makes it possible to measure gain tilts. If “OUTPUT SLOPE”
is set to ON, results will be displayed in the waveform display section and in the analysis table.

Least squares
Slope value approximation curve

App-32 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 4 WDM Analysis Function

Items to be Displayed When DISPLAY is Set 1

ABSOLUTE
Results of analyses are displayed with absolute values.
2

• Explanations of displayed items

NO: Channel number 7
WAVELENGTH: Center wavelength λi of the channel
LEVEL: Level (peak level − noise level) of the channel
OFFSET WL: Relative wavelength to the wavelength of the reference
channel (REF) 8
OFFSET LEVEL: Level relative to the wavelength of the reference channel
(REF)
SPACING: Wavelength spacing to the adjacent channel
LEVEL DIFF: Level difference from then adjacent channel 9
NOISE: Noise level of the channel
SNR: SNR value of the channel

• OFFSET WL/LVL is displayed when the parameter CH RELATION is “OFFSET.” SPACING and App
LVL DIFF are displayed when the parameter CH RELATION is “SPACING.”

Appendix
• When ABSOLUTE and CH RELATION are OFFSET, it is possible either to set the reference
channel to the mode peak with the highest level or to set a mode peak that will become the Index
reference arbitrarily.
• When REF CH is HIGHEST
The WDM mode peak with the highest level shall be the reference. The wavelength difference
and level difference (LOG) compared to it shall be OFFSET WL and OFFSET LEVEL of each
WDM mode peak.
• When REF CH is ***
REF CHANNEL*** shall be the reference. The wavelength difference and level difference (LOG)
against it shall be OFFSET WL and OFFSET LEVEL of each WDM mode peak.
(If the ***th mode peak does not exist, the WDM mode peak on the longest wavelength shall be
the reference.)

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-33
Appendix 4 WDM Analysis Function

RELATIVE
Of the analytical results, wavelength values are displayed as relative values to the values in the grid
table.

• Explanations of displayed items

NO: Channel number
GRID WL: Grid wavelength of the channel
MEAS WL: Center wavelength λi of the channel
REL WL: Relative wavelength to the grid wavelengths of the channel
MEAS LEVEL: Level (peak level − noise level) of the channel
NOISE: Noise level of the channel
SNR: SNR value of the channel

App-34 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 4 WDM Analysis Function

DRIFT(MEAS) 1
Wavelengths measured previously are used as references to display wavelength/level changes
(drifts).
2

6
• Explanations of displayed items
NO: Channel number
REF WL: Reference wavelength of the channel (previous wavelength measured) 7
MEAS WL: Center wavelength λi of the channel
DIFF MAX Maximum value of the relative wavelength to the reference wavelength of
(wavelength): the channel
DIFF MIN Minimum value of the relative wavelength to the reference wavelength of 8
(wavelength): the channel
REF LVL: Reference level of the channel (previous measurement level)
MEAS LVL: Measurement level of the channel
DIFF MAX (level): Maximum value of the relative level to the reference level of the channel 9
DIFF MIN (level): Minimum value of the relative level to the reference level of the channel

Reference wavelength/level can be changed under the following conditions.

• Active trace waveform data when MAX/MIN RESET is set by the parameter.
App
• The first waveform data measured when wavelength axes (SPAN WL/START WL/ STOP WL)

Appendix
were changed according to the measurement conditions.
Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-35
Appendix 4 WDM Analysis Function

DRIFT(GRID)
Grid wavelengths are used as references to display wavelength/level changes (drifts). Note that
reference levels are previous measurement levels.

• Explanations of displayed items

NO: Channel number
GRID WL: Reference wavelength of the channel (grid wavelength)
MEAS WL: Center wavelength λi of the channel
DIFF MAX (wavelength): Maximum value of the relative wavelength to the reference
wavelength of the channel
DIFF MIN (wavelength): Minimum value of the relative wavelength to the reference
wavelength of the channel
REF LVL: Reference level of the channel (previous measurement level)
MEAS LVL: Measurement level of the channel
DIFF MAX (level): Maximum value of the relative level to the reference level of the
channel
DIFF MIN (level): Minimum value of the relative level to the reference level of the
channel

• Absolute values and reference values to the grid table are displayed. The grid table can be
freely configured.
• Reference wavelength/level can be changed under the following conditions.
• When MAX/MIN RESET is set by the parameter, reset is performed by the active
trace waveform data.
• Reset is performed by the first waveform data that was measured when wavelength
axes (SPAN WL/START WL/STOP WL) were changed by measurement conditions.

App-36 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 1
Appendix 5 Optical Amp Analysis Function

This function analyzes gains and NF (noise figures) of optical fiber amplifiers. 2
Analysis item
λi Center wavelength of each channel. -> Center frequency during the frequency mode. 3
LINi Signal optical power of each channel (after OFFSET compensation)
LOUTi Output optical power of each channel (after OFFSET compensation)
LASEi ASE power of each channel (after OFFSET compensation)
Rbi Measurement resolution of each channel 4
Gi Gain of each channel
Nfi NF of each channel

5
Parameters
Channel Detection Parameters
Parameter
THRESH
Default
20.0
Range
0.1 to 99.9
Unit
dB
Description
Threshold value for channel detection.
6
Minimum value for peak/bottom difference during channel
MODE DIFF 3.0 0.1 to 50.0 dB
detection.

NF calculations 7
Parameter Default Range Unit Description
OFFSET(IN) 0.00 -99.99 to 99.99 dB Level offset value of signal optical power.
OFFSET(OUT) 0.00 -99.99 to 99.99 dB Level offset value of output optical power.
AUTO-FIX 8
MANUAL-FIX
ASE ALGO AUTO-FIX - Selection of the algorithm for ASE level measurement.
AUTO-CTR
MANUAL-CTR
A range of waveform data for use in ASE level analysis is 9
specified as a range centering on channel wavelengths.
When ASE ALGO is
FIT AREA 0.40nm 0.01 to 10.00 nm • AUTO-FIX: “AUTO”
• MANUAL-FIX: **.**
• AUTO-CTR: “Between Ch”
App
• MANUAL-CTR: ”Between Ch”

Appendix
Specifies the signal optical spectrum range to be masked
within the waveform data, while using the channel
wavelength as its center. Index
When ASE ALGO is
• AUTO-FIX: “–”
• MANUAL-FIX:
When F_ALGO is LINEAR: “−”
MASK AREA 0.20nm 0.01 to 10.00 nm
Other causes: Parameter value input
• AUTOL-CTR: “–”
• MANUAL-CTR:
FITTING ALGO set to LINEAR: “–”
Other cases: Parameter value input
Limiter is applied during input to ensure FITTING AREA
≥ MASK AREA.
LINEAR
GAUSS
LORENZ
FITTING ALGO LINEAR - Selection of a fitting algorithm for obtaining ASE levels.
3RD POLY
4TH POLY
5TH POLY
IM AQ6370E-01EN App-37
Appendix 5 Optical Amp Analysis Function
Parameter Default Range Unit Description
POINT ON/OFF of the function to display the data range used for
ON ON / OFF -
DISPLAY fitting into the waveform window.
Sets the method for calculating the measurement
resolution RBi of each channel.
MEASURED MEASURED: The value of the THRESH 3dB width is
RES BW CAL DATA -
CAL DATA determined from the TRACE B waveform.
CAL DATA: The resolution bandwidth stored in the
instrument is determined.
Selects whether the Shot Noise component is included in
the calculation of the NF value.
SHOT NOISE ON ON / OFF -
ON: Included.
OFF: Not included.

Other settings
Parameter Default Range Unit Description
Setting of the signal power calculation method
SIGNAL PEAK
PEAK - PEAK: Peak level value
POWER INTEGRAL
INTEGRAL: Level value obtained by integration
Setting of the integral range for determining the signal optical
power
INTEGRAL
10.0 1.0 to 999.9 GHz Valid when the SIGNAL POWER setting is INTEGRAL. If
RANGE
the set value is Δf, the integral is calculated in the range of
channel center wavelength ±Δf.

Analysis Algorithm
1. WDM analysis is performed on the signal optical waveform data of TRACE A to perform
channel detection. However, the DISPLAY MASK parameter is not used.
2. The center wavelength λi of each channel and signal optical level LIN’i of TRACE A optical
signal are determined according to the SIGNAL POWER parameter setting. (The computation
of the power value from this point uses linear values.)
For “PEAK”
LIN’i = The level of each mode peak
For “INTEGRAL”
LIN’i = The integral of the power value in the range of the center wavelength ±Δf [GHz] of each
mode
(Δf: the INTEGRAL RANGE parameter setting value)
3. The output optical level LOUT’i of each channel is determined from the output optical
waveform data of TRACE B according to the SIGNAL POWER parameter setting.
For “PEAK”
LOUT'i = The level of each mode peak
For “INTEGRAL”
LOUT’i = The integral of the power value in the range of the center wavelength ±Δf [GHz]
of each mode
(Δf: the INTEGRAL RANGE parameter setting value)
4. LINi and LOUTi, which are generated by compensating OFFSET (IN,OUT) for signal optical
level and output optical level, respectively are determined.
5. The fitting area and mask area for performing the ASE fitting are determined according to the
setting of the parameter ASE ALGO.

App-38 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 5 Optical Amp Analysis Function

6. Measurement resolution RBi of each channel is determined. 1

If the RES BW parameter is set to “MEASURED,” the THRESH 3d width is determined from
the TRACE B waveform and assigned to RBi.
If the RES BW parameter is set to “CAL DATA,” the actual resolution stored in the instrument 2
is determined and assigned to RBi.
7. The signal optical SE elements contained in the output optical spectrum is removed in the
following order, and the result is drawn into TRACE C. 3
1. Levels (linear) on both sides of the channel of the fitting area that was obtained in step 5
are determined.
2. The obtained levels on both sides are used to obtain the ASE level L’ASEi via the linear 4
interpolation.
At this point, if the SIGNAL POWER parameter is “INTEGRAL,” L’ASEi is converted to a
level near the integration range ± Δf [GHz]. 5
3. LASEi, which is generated by compensating OFFSET (OUT) for the provisional ASE level
L’ASEi is determined.
4. Gain Gi (linear) is determined from the following equation. 6
Gi = (LOUTi − LASEi)/LINi
5. The TRACE A data (linear) is multiplied by the gain Gi and subtract the result from the
TRACE B data (linear). Then, the result is drawn into TRACE C. (The signal light SE
7
component contained in the output optical spectrum is eliminated.)
8. In the TRACE C data (linear) generated in step 7, fitting is performed according to the settings
of the parameter FITTING ALGO, and the estimated ASE spectrum is created in TRACE C.
8
The data used in the fitting is from the range of the center wavelength of each channel ± FIT
AREA to the range of MASK AREA.
The level at λi in TRACE C is determined in terms of the ASE level LASE_AMP’i with the 9
signal light SE component removed.
LASE_AMPi is determined by compensating OFFSET (OUT).

NF (linear) is calculated from the following equations. App

• NF value (during the air wavelength mode)

N( λi )2 λi3 LASE_AMPi 1 Appendix

Index
NFi = h x c2 x x + (SHOT NOIZE parameter: ON)
RBi Gi Gi

N( λi )2 λi3 LASE_AMPi (SHOT NOIZE parameter: OFF)

NFi = h x c2 x x
RBi Gi

• NF value (during the vacuum wavelength mode)

1 λi3 LASE_AMPi 1 (SHOT NOIZE parameter: ON)

NFi = h x c2 x x +
RBi Gi Gi

1 λi3 LASE_AMPi (SHOT NOIZE parameter: OFF)

NFi = h x c2 x x
RBi Gi

where N(λi): Refraction index of the air

C: Speed of light in the vacuum (2.99792458 × 108[m/s])
h: Planck’s constant 6.6260755 × 10−34 [J•s]
NFi, Gi, and LASE_AMPi are converted into LOG.
IM AQ6370E-01EN App-39
Appendix 5 Optical Amp Analysis Function

Automatic parameter setting function

This instrument has a function that automatically configures the fitting area and mask area settings.

AUTO-FIX
• ASE algorithm
The fitting algorithm is LINEAR.
Since the algorithm is LINEAR, the mask area setting will not be required.
The left and right fitting areas (NA_Ri, NA_Li) of each channel are determined according to the
number of detected channels as follows:
When the number of channels “n” is 1
The measurement resolution of trace B and the value of the noise measurement point NOISE
AREA in accordance with the resolution are determined internally, and then the values are
found from the following equations.
NA_Ri=λi+NOISE AREA
NA_Li = λi – NOISE AREA
If the number of WDM channels (N) is 1, the noise area is determined by internal processing
based on the measurement resolution.
When the number of channels “n” is 2 or more
The channel spacing of each channel (spacing of λi) is determined. With the minimum spacing
assigned to SPACING and using NOISE AREA = SPACING/2, the NOISE AREA is determined
using the following equation.
NA_Ri=λi+NOISE AREA(i=1,2,…,n)
NA_Li = λi – NOISE AREA (i = 1, 2, …, n)

AUTO-CTR
• ASE algorithm
The fitting algorithm is LINEAR.
Since the algorithm is LINEAR, the mask area setting will not be required.
The left and right fitting areas (NA_Ri, NA_Li) of each channel are determined according to the
number of detected channels as follows (while treating the center points between channels as
NA_Ri and NA_Li).
When the number of channels “n” is 1
The measurement resolution of trace B and the value of the noise measurement point NOISE
AREA in accordance with the resolution are determined internally, and then the values are
found from the following equations.
NA_Ri=λi+NOISE AREA
NA_Li = λi – NOISE AREA
When the number of channels “n” is 2 or more
λN1 = (3λ1 – λ2)/2
i=2,3,…,n
λNi=(λi+λi-1)/2
λNn+1 = (3λ – λn-1)/2
When the above values are calculated, the following results will be obtained.
i=1,2,…,n
NA_Li=λNi
NA_Ri=λNi+1

App-40 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 6 Optical Filter Analysis Function 1

FILTER PEAK analysis function 2

This function analyzes collectively the measured waveforms of optical filters via multiple
parameters.
It can be used for filter analysis only if the number of modes is one. Items and algorithms for 3
analysis are the same as in the AQ6317 series.

Analysis item 4
PEAK LEVEL: Peak level
PEAK WL: Peak wavelength
CENTER WL: Center wavelength
SPEC WIDTH: Wavelength width at threshold value 5
TH
RIPPLE: Ripple width
CROSS TALK: Crosstalk
6
Parameters
Item Parameter Default Range Unit Description
PEAK 7
SW ON ON or OFF - Display ON/OFF switch
WAVELENGTH
PEAL WL SW ON ON or OFF - Display ON/OFF switch
SW ON ON or OFF - Display ON/OFF switch
8
THRESH Selection of algorithm for spectrum
ALGO THRESH -
RMS width.
THRESH :
THRESH
LEVEL
3.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB Threshold value for channel detection. 9
RMS : 3.00

CENTER THRESH :
Multiplying factor
WAVELENGTH K 1.00 1.00 to 10.00 -
Valid only when ALGO is THRESH.
RMS : - App
THRESH : Whether “half of maximum point” is set
MODE FIT OFF ON or OFF - to the mode peak.

Appendix
RMS : - Valid only when ALGO is THRESH.
THRESH : Minimum value of the peak/bottom Index
MODE
3.00 0.01 to 50.0 dB difference during channel detection.
DIFF
RMS : - Valid only when ALGO is THRESH.
SW ON ON or OFF - Display ON/OFF switch
THRESH Selection of algorithm for spectrum
ALGO THRESH -
RMS width.

SPECTRUM THRESH :
THRESH
WIDTH 3.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB Threshold value for channel detection.
LEVEL
RMS : 3.00
THRESH :
Multiplying factor
K 1.00 1.00 to 10.00 -
Valid only when ALGO is THRESH.
RMS : -

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-41
Appendix 6 Optical Filter Analysis Function

Item Parameter Default Range Unit Description

THRESH : Whether “half of maximum point” is set
MODE FIT OFF ON or OFF - to the mode peak.
SPECTRUM RMS : - Valid only when ALGO is THRESH.
WIDTH THRESH : Minimum value of the peak/bottom
MODE
3.00 0.01~50.0 dB difference during channel detection.
DIFF
RMS : - Valid only when ALGO is THRESH.
SW ON ON or OFF - Display ON/OFF switch
THRESH
3 0.1 to 50.0 dB Threshold value for channel detection.
RIPPLE WIDTH LEVEL
MODE Minimum value for peak/bottom
0.5 0.001~50.0 dB
DIFF difference during channel detection.
SW ON ON or OFF - Display ON/OFF switch
THRESH
Selection of algorithm for spectrum
ALGO THRESH PK LEVEL -
width.
GRID
THRESH :
THRESH 3.00 Threshold value for channel detection.
0.1 to 50.0 dB
LEVEL PK LEVEL : - Valid only when ALGO is THRESH.
GRID : -
THRESH :
1.00 Multiplying factor
K 1.00 to 10.00 -
PK LEVEL: - Valid only when ALGO is THRESH.
GRID : -
CROSS TALK
THRESH :
Whether “half of maximum point” is set
OFF
MODE FIT ON or OFF - to the mode peak.
PK LEVEL: -
Valid only when ALGO is THRESH.
GRID : -
THRESH :
Minimum value of the peak/bottom
MODE 3.00
0.01~50.0 - difference during channel detection.
DIFF PK LEVEL: -
Valid only when ALGO is THRESH.
GRID : -
0.00 to
CH SPACE 0.4 nm Channel spacing setting.
50.00
SEARCH Analysis range setting.
0.01 0.01 to 10.00 nm
AREA Valid only when ALGO is GRID.

App-42 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 6 Optical Filter Analysis Function

Description 1
(1)PEAK LEVEL
(2)PEAK WL

(6)RIPPLE
2
TH[dB]

3
(5)CROSS (5)CROSS
TALK TALK
(4)SPEC WIDTH

(3)MEAN WL 5
λcs [nm] λcs [nm]

(1) Peak level (PEAK LEVEL) value of the level at the waveform peak position 6
(2) Peak wavelength (PEAK WL) value of the wavelength at the waveform peak position
(3) Center wavelength (MEAN WL): value of the center wavelength at the threshold value TH
(4) Spectrum width (SPEC WIDTH): spectrum width at the threshold value TH
7
(5) Cross talk (CROSS TALK)
• In the case of THRESH / PEAK LVL algorithms
The value of the level on the reference wavelength (MEAN WL for THRESH and PEAK WL
for PEAK LVL) is determined. Also, the value of the level at the wavelength which is ±λCH 8
SPACE[nm] away from the reference wavelength is determined. Then, the difference in level
value between the two is assumed to be the cross talk.
• In the case of ITU-T algorithms 9
The ITU-T grid wavelength, which is nearest to the peak wavelength, is assigned to the
reference wavelength. The difference between the bottom level within the range of the reference
wavelength ±λSEARCH AREA[nm] and the peak level within the range of the position ±λCH App
SPACE[nm] away from the reference wavelength ±λSEARCH AREA[nm] are assumed to be the

Appendix
cross talk.
(6) Ripple width (RIPPLE)
Index
A spectrum width search is performed. The value of the peak level − bottom level within the
obtained spectrum width is assumed to be the ripple width.

Note
• Unless the parameter “MODE DIFF” is set to a value smaller than uneven portions of a waveform
regarded as a ripple, RIPPLE = 0 will result.
• RIPPLE = 0 if the parameter setting is “THRESH” < “MODE DIFF”

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-43
Appendix 6 Optical Filter Analysis Function

FILTER BOTTOM analysis function

This function analyzes collectively the measured waveforms of optical filters via multiple
parameters.
It is used for filter analysis if the number of modes is one. Items and algorithms for analysis are the
same as in the AQ6317 series.

Analysis item
BOTTOM LEVEL: Bottom level
BOTTOM WL: Bottom wavelength
CENTER WL: Center wavelength
NOTCH WIDTH: Notch width (displayed as SPEC WIDTH on the screen)
CROSS TALK: Crosstalk

Parameters
Item Parameter Default Range Unit Description
BOTTOM
SW ON ON or OFF - Display ON/OFF switch
LEVEL
BOTTOM
SW ON ON or OFF - Display ON/OFF switch
WAVELENGTH
SW ON ON or OFF - Display ON/OFF switch
PEAK Selection of algorithm for spectrum
ALGO BOTTOM -
BOTTOM width.
CENTER
WAVELENGTH THRESH
3.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB Threshold value for channel detection.
LEVEL
MODE Minimum value for peak/bottom
3.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB
DIFF difference during channel detection.
NOTCH WIDTH SW ON ON or OFF - Display ON/OFF switch
Selection of algorithm for spectrum
ALGO BOTTOM PEAK BOTTOM -
width.
THRESH
3.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB Threshold value for channel detection.
LEVEL
Minimum value for peak/bottom
MODE difference during channel detection.
3.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB
DIFF
Valid only when ALGO is THRESH.
SW ON ON or OFF - Display ON/OFF switch
PEAK BOTTOM
Selection of algorithm for spectrum
ALGO BOTTOM BOTTOM LVL -
width.
GRID
Minimum value for peak/bottom
THRESH
3.00 0.01 to 50.00 dB difference during channel detection.
LEVEL
CROSS TALK Valid when ALGO is PEAK/ BOTTOM.
Minimum value of the peak/bottom
MODE
3.00 00 to 50.0 - difference during channel detection.
DIFF
Valid only when ALGO is THRESH.
CH SPACE 0.40 0.00 to 50.00 nm Channel spacing setting.
SEARCH Analysis range setting.
0.01 0.01 to 10.00 nm
AREA Valid only when ALGO is GRID.

App-44 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 6 Optical Filter Analysis Function

Description 1
λcs [nm] λcs [nm]

(5)CROSS (4)NOTCH WD (5)CROSS 3

TALK TALK

(3)MEAN WL

TH[dB] 4

(1)BOTTOM LVL (2)BOTTOM WL

5
(1) Bottom level (BTM LVL) Value of level at the waveform bottom position
(2) Bottom wavelength (BTM WL) Value of wavelength at the waveform bottom position
(3) Center wavelength (MEAN WL) Value of center wavelength at the threshold value TH 6
(4) Notch width (NOTCH WD) Notch width at the threshold value TH
(5) Cross talk (CRS TALK)
• In the case of PEAK/BOTTOM/BOTTOM LVL algorithms 7
The level value at the reference wavelength (MEAN WL for PEAK/BOTTOM, BOTTOM WL for
BOTTOM LVL) is determined. Also, the level value at the wavelength which is ±λCH SPACE[nm]
away from the reference wavelength is determined. Then, the difference in level value between 8
the two is assumed to be the cross talk.
• In the case of ITU-T algorithms
The ITU-T grid wavelength, which is nearest the bottom wavelength, is assigned to the reference
9
wavelength. The difference between the peak level within the range of the reference wavelength
±λSEARCH AREA[nm] and the bottom level within the range of the position ±λCH SPACE[nm]
away from the reference wavelength ±λSEARCH AREA[nm] is assumed to be the cross talk.
App

Appendix
Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-45
Appendix 6 Optical Filter Analysis Function

WDM FILTER PEAK analysis function

This function analyzes collectively multiple items for each channel via the measured waveforms of
multi-channel optical filters. Unlike the FILTER PEAK analysis, filter analysis is possible on multi-
mode waveforms.

Analysis item
Analysis Item Description
Nominal Wavelength Reference wavelength/frequency of each channel.
Peak Wavelength / Level Peak wavelength/frequency and level of each channel.
xdB Width / Center Wavelength xdB width of each channel and its center wavelength/frequency.
xdB stop-band Wavelength width/frequency width across xdB of each channel.
xdB pass-band Pass band xdB from the bottom within the test band of each channel.
Ripple Max-min level (flatness) within the test band of each channel.
Cross Talk Difference in level from the position xnm away from each channel.

Parameters
Item Parameter Default Range Unit
PEAK / MEAN / GRID/ GRID
ALGORHYTHM MEAN -
FIT
Channel detection, MODE DIFF 3.00 0.1 to 50.0 dB
Nominal Wavelength
THRESH 20.00 0.1 to 99.9 dB
TEST BAND 0.100 0.001 to 9.999 nm
Peak Wavelength/Level SW ON ON / OFF -
XdB Width SW ON ON / OFF -
Center Wavelength THRESH 3.0 0.1 to 50.0 dB
SW ON ON / OFF -
XdB stop-band
THRESH LVL –10.00 -90.00 to 30.00 dB
SW ON ON / OFF -
XdB pass-band THRESH 3.0 0.1 to 50.0 dB
TEST BAND 0.20 0.01 to 99.99 nm
SW ON ON / OFF -
Ripple
TEST BAND 0.20 0.01 to 99.99 nm
SW ON ON / OFF -
Cross Talk SPACING 0.80 0.01 to 99.99 nm
TEST BAND 0.20 0.01 to 99.99 nm

App-46 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 6 Optical Filter Analysis Function

Analysis Algorithm 1
• Channel Detection, Nominal Wavelength
Parameter
• ALGO 2
• THRESH
• MODE DIFF
• TEST BAND
3
Procedure
PEAK
Channel: Each mode peak detected via a mode search 4
(except for the mode peaks at levels which are lower than the mode at the
highest level by THRESH[dB] or less.)
Reference wavelength: Wavelength of each mode peak.
Peak wavelength/level: Wavelength and level of each mode peak. 5
MEAN
Channel: Each mode peak detected via a mode search
(except for the mode peaks at levels which are lower than the mode at the 6
highest level by THRESH[dB] or less.)
Reference wavelength: 3 dB center wavelength at each mode peak.
Peak wavelength/level: Wavelength and level of each mode peak.
7
GRID FIT
Channel: Modes within the range of grid wavelength ± (TEST BAND/2) among the
mode peaks detected via a mode search (except for the mode peaks at
levels which are lower than the mode at the highest level by THRESH[dB] or
8
less.) If the number of relevant modes in one grid is more than one, only the
mode at the highest level will be regarded as the channel.
Reference wavelength: Grid wavelength nearest to each channel.
Peak wavelength/level: Wavelength and level of the mode peak of each channel. 9

GRID
Channel: A mode search is not be performed. All grid wavelengths within the range of
analysis are used as channels.
App
Reference wavelength: Grid wavelength of each channel

Appendix
Peak wavelength/level: Peak wavelength and peak level within the range of grid wavelength ± (TEST
BAND/2) of each channel.
Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-47
Appendix 6 Optical Filter Analysis Function

PEAK LVL/PEAK WL
Parameter
• SW

Procedure
• WDM analysis is performed on the waveform data of an active trace, and channels are
detected. However, the DISPLAY MASK parameter is not used.
• The mode peak wavelength (PEAK WL) of each channel of the active trace and its signal
optical level (PEAK LVL) are determined.

XdB Width

xdB Width
Peak Level

xdB Port A
Level [dB]

Port B
Center Wavelength

Wavelength

Parameter
• THRESH

Procedure
The width (xdB_Width), which is below the peak level LPi of each channel by the parameter
THRESH_LEVEL both on the left and on the right, and its center wavelength are determined.
The algorithm for analysis is the same as the algorithm THRESH of the spectrum width.

App-48 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 6 Optical Filter Analysis Function

XdB stop band 1

xdB stop-band

Port A 2
xdB
Level [dB]

Port B
4

λi Wavelength
nominal wavelength 5
Parameter
• THRESH
6
Procedure
The width (xdB_stop-band) that centers on the reference wavelength λi of each channel and
that is located below by the parameter THRESH_LEVEL both on the left and on the right is 7
determined.

XdB pass-band
8
Test Band

Minimum Level Port A 9

in Test Band
xdB
Level [dB]

App

Port B Appendix
Index
xdB Passband

λi Wavelength
nominal wavelength

Parameter
• THRESH
• TEST BAND

Procedure
• A bottom search is performed within the range of parameter Test_Band/2 by centering on
reference wavelength λi of each channel and obtain the bottom level (LBi).
• The width (xdB_pass-band) that is below the bottom level LBi obtained in the above procedure
by the parameter THRESH _LEVEL is determined.

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-49
Appendix 6 Optical Filter Analysis Function

Ripple
Test Band
Maximum Level
in Test Band Ripple
Port A
Minimum Level
in Test Band
Level [dB]

Port B

λi Wavelength
nominal wavelength

Parameter
• TEST BAND

Procedure
• A peak search and bottom search are performed within the range of parameter Test_ Band/2
by centering on the reference wavelength λi of each channel, and the peak level (LP’i) and the
bottom level (LB’i) are determined.
• The peak level (LP’i) and bottom level (LB’i) obtained in the above procedure are used to
obtain the ripple from the following equation:
Ripple = LP’I – LB’i

App-50 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 6 Optical Filter Analysis Function

Cross Talk 1
Test Band Minimum Level
in Test Band

Port A
2

Cross Talk(R)
Level [dB]

Cross Talk(L) 3
Maximum Level
in Test Band

Port B
4
Test Band
Spacing λi Spacing Wavelength
nominal wavelength
5

Parameter
• SPACING 6
• TEST BAND

Procedure
• A bottom search is performed within the range of parameter Test_Band/2 by centering on
7
reference wavelength (λi) of each channel and obtain the bottom level (LBi).
• A peak search is performed within the range of parameter Test_Band/2 while centering on
the point (λi−λSP) that is obtained by subtracting the parameter SPACING from the reference 8
wavelength λi of each channel. Then, the peak level (LPLi) is determined.
• A peak search is performed within the range of parameter Test_Band/2 while centering on the
point (λi+λSP) that is obtained by adding the parameter SPACING to the reference wavelength 9
λi of each channel. Then, the peak level (LPRi) is determined.
• The values obtained in the above procedure are used to obtain the left and right cross talks
(XTLi, XTRi) of each channel from the following equations: App
XTLi = LBi – LPLi

Appendix
XTRi = LBi – LPRi

Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-51
Appendix 6 Optical Filter Analysis Function

WDM FILTER BOTTOM analysis function

This function analyzes collectively multiple items for each channel via the measured waveforms
of multi-channel optical filters. Unlike the FILTER BOTTOM analysis, filter analysis is possible on
multi-mode waveforms.

Analysis item
Analysis Item Description
Nominal Wavelength Reference wavelength/frequency of each channel.
Bottom Wavelength/Level Peak wavelength/frequency and level of each channel.
xdB Notch Width/Center xdB notch width of each channel and its center wavelength/frequency.
Wavelength
xdB stop-band Wavelength width/frequency width across xdB of each channel.
xdB Elimination band Elimination band xdB from the bottom within the test band of each channel.
Ripple Max-min level (flatness) within the test band of each channel.
Cross Talk Difference in level from the position xnm away from each channel.

Parameters
Item Parameter Default Range Unit
ALGO NOTCH(B) BOTTOM/NOTCH(P)/NOTCH(B)/GRID/GRID FIT -
Channel
detection, MODE DIFF 3.0 0.1 to 50.0 dB
Nominal THRESH LEVEL 20.0 0.1 to 99.9 dB
Wavelength
TEST BAND 0.100 0.001 to 9.999 nm
Bottom
Wavelength/ SW ON ON/OFF -
Level

XdB Notch Width SW ON ON/OFF -

Center ALGO NOTCH(B) NOTCH(P)/NOTCH(B) -
Wavelength THRESH LEVEL 3.0 0.1 to 50.0 dB
SW ON ON/OFF -
XdB stop-band
THRESH LEVEL -10.000 -90.000 to 30.000 dB
SW ON ON/OFF -
XdB Elimination
THRESH LEVEL 3.0 0.1 to 50.0 dB
band
TEST BAND 0.20 0.01 to 99.99 nm
SW ON ON/OFF -
Ripple
TEST BAND 0.20 0.01 to 99.99 nm
SW ON ON/OFF -
Cross Talk SPACING 0.80 0.01 to 99.99 nm
TEST BAND 0.20 0.01 to 99.99 nm

App-52 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 6 Optical Filter Analysis Function

Analysis Algorithm 1
• NOMINAL WAVELENGTH
Parameter
• ALGO 2
• MODE DIFF
• THRESH
• TEST BAND
3
Procedure
BOTTOM
Channel: Each mode bottom detected by a mode search
(except for the mode bottoms at levels which are above the mode at the 4
lowest level by THRESH[dB] or more.)
Reference wavelength: Wavelength of each mode bottom.
Bottom wavelength/level: Wavelength/level of each mode bottom.
5
NOTCH(B)
Channel: Each mode bottom detected by a mode search
(except for the mode bottoms at levels which are above the mode at the
lowest level by THRESH[dB] or more.) 6
Reference wavelength: 3 dB-center wavelength with each mode bottom as the reference
(ALGO=BOTTOM).

Bottom wavelength/level: Wavelength and level of each mode peak.

7
NOTCH(P)
Channel: Each mode peak detected via a mode search
(except for the mode bottoms at levels which are above the mode at the
lowest level by THRESH[dB] or more.) 8
Reference wavelength: 3 dB-center wavelength with each mode bottom as the reference
(ALGO=PEAK).

Bottom wavelength/level: Wavelength/level of each mode bottom. 9

GRID FIT
Channel: Modes within the range of grid wavelength ± (TEST BAND/2) among the
mode bottoms detected via a mode search (except for the mode bottoms
at levels which are above the mode at the lowest level by THRESH[dB] or
App
more.)

Appendix
If the number of relevant modes in one grid is more than one, only the
mode at the lowest level will be regarded as the channel.
Reference wavelength: Grid wavelength nearest to each channel. Index
Bottom wavelength/level: Wavelength and level of the mode bottom of each channel.

GRID
Channel: A mode search is not be performed. All grid wavelengths within the range
of analysis are used as channels.
Reference wavelength: Grid wavelength of each channel
Peak wavelength/level: Bottom wavelength and bottom level within the range of grid wavelength ±
(TEST BAND/2) of each channel.

• BOTTOM WL/BOTTOM LVL

Parameter
• SW
Procedure
• The wavelength λ’i of the mode bottom of each channel and its signal optical level LBi are
determined.
IM AQ6370E-01EN App-53
Appendix 6 Optical Filter Analysis Function

• XdB_NOTCH_WIDTH/CENTER WAVELENGTH
Parameter
• SW
• ALGO
• THRESH

Procedure
• The xdB notch width (xdB_Notch_Width) of each channel and its center wavelength/frequency
(Center_Wavelength) are determined according to the settings of the parameter ALGO.

NOTCH(B)

Port B

xdB Notch Width

Level [dB]

xdB Port A

Bottom Level Center Wavelength

Wavelength

The width (xdB_Notch_Width) between the two points, which are above the bottom level
of each channel by the parameter THRESH_LEVEL, and its center wavelength (Center_
Wavelength) are determined.

NOTCH(P)
Level peak
between λi-1 and λi+1
Port B
xdB
Level [dB]

xdB Notch Width

Port A
Mode Bottom
λi-1
Mode Bottom λi Mode Bottom
λi+1
Center Wavelength Wavelength

The width (xdB_Notch_Width) between the two points, which are below the higher point of
either the left peak level or the right peak level of each channel by the parameter THRESH_
LEVEL, and its center wavelength/frequency (Center_Wavelength) are determined.

App-54 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 6 Optical Filter Analysis Function

• XdB_STOP-BAND 1
Port B

2
Level [dB]

3
xdB
Port A

4
xdB stop-band
λi Wavelength
nominal wavelength
5
Parameter
• THRESH

Procedure
6
• The width (xdB_stop-Band) that centers on the nominal wavelength λi of each channel and
that is located below by the parameter THRESH_LEVEL both on the left and on the right is
determined. 7

• XdB_ELIMINATION BAND
8
Port B
xdB Elimnation
band

9
Level [dB]

xdB

Maximum Level App

in Test Band Port A

Test Band Appendix

Index
λi Wavelength
nominal wavelength

Parameter
• THRESH
• TEST BAND

Procedure
• A peak search is performed within the range of the parameter Test_Band/2 by centering on the
nominal wavelength λi of a channel, and the peak level (LPi) is determined.
• The width (xdB_Elimination_Wavelength) that is above the peak level LPi obtained in the
above procedure by the parameter THRESH_LEVEL both on the left and on the right is
determined.

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-55
Appendix 6 Optical Filter Analysis Function

• RIPPLE

Port B
Level [dB]

Test Band Maximum Level

in Test Band
Port A
Ripple
Minimum Level
in Test Band
λi Wavelength
nominal wavelength

Parameter
• TEST BAND

Procedure
1. A peak search and bottom search are performed within the range of parameter Test_
Band/2 by centering on the reference wavelength λi of each channel, and the peak level
(LP’i) and the bottom level (LB’i) are determined.
2. The peak level (LP’i)and bottom level (LB’i) obtained in step 1 is used to obtain the ripple
(Ripple) from the following equation:
Ripple = LP’i – LB’i

App-56 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 6 Optical Filter Analysis Function

• CROOS TALK 1
Test Band

Port B
2
Minimum Level
Level [dB]

Cross Talk(L) in Test Band

Cross Talk(R) 3
Test Band

Port A
4
Maximum Level in Test
Band
Spacing Spacing
Wavelength
λi
nominal wavelength 5
Parameter
• SPACING
6
• TEST BAND

Procedure
• A peak search is performed within the range of parameter Test_Band/2 while centering on the 7
reference wavelength λi of each channel, and the peak level (LP’’i) is determined.
• A bottom search is performed within the range of parameter Test_Band/2 while centering
on the point (λi−λSP) that is obtained by subtracting the parameter Spacing (λSP) from the 8
reference wavelength λi of each channel. Then, the bottom level (LPLi) is determined.
• A bottom search is performed within the range of parameter Test_Band/2 while centering
on the point (λi+λSP) that is obtained by subtracting the parameter Spacing (λSP) from the 9
reference wavelength λi of each channel. Then, the bottom level (LPRi) is determined.
• The values obtained in the above procedure are used to obtain the left and right cross talks
(XTLi, XTRi) of each channel from the following equations: App
XTLi = LP''i – LPLi
XTRi = LP''i – LPRi

Appendix
Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-57
 Appendix 7 Function Menu Tree Diagram

The menu structure of the instrument is illustrated below. Some menus have been omitted.

SWEEP
Auto sweep (3.2)

Repeat sweep (3.2)

Single sweep (3.2)
Sweep stop (3.2)

Sweeping between line markers (3.2, 4.1, 6.1)

Sweep interval (3.2)

CENTER

Center wavelength (frequency or wavenumber) setting (2.1)

Measurement start wavelength (frequency or wavenumber) setting (2.1)
Measurement stop wavelength (frequency or wavenumber setting (2.1)
Setting the center wavelength (frequency or wavenumber) to the peak
wavelength (frequency or wavenumber) (2.1)
Setting the center wavelength (frequency or wavenumber) to the
THRESH 3 dB center wavelength of the measured waveform (2.1)
Sets the center wavelength (frequency) to the peak wavelength
(frequency or wavenumber) for each sweep (2.1)

Assigning the current scale to the measurement scale of the

next sweep (2.1)

SPAN
Sweep span setting (2.1)

Measurement start wavelength (frequency or wavenumber) setting (2.1)

Measurement stop wavelength (frequency or wavenumber) setting (2.1)
Setting the sweep span to RMS 20dB width of the measured waveform × 6 (2.1)
Setting the screen range measurement time for 0 nm sweep (6.9)

Assigning the current scale to the measurement scale of the next sweep (2.1)

App-58 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 7 Function Menu Tree Diagram

LEVEL 1
LEVEL (1/2) LEVEL (2/2)

1 9 14-1 2
2 10 14-2
3 11 14-2
4 3
5 12
6 13

7 14 4
8 15

1 Reference level setting (2.5)

6
2 LOG scale setting (2.5)
3 Linear scale setting (2.5)
4 Linear scale bottom settings (2.5)
5 Setting the peak level to the reference level (2.5)
7
6 Automatic setting of reference level (2.5)
7 Vertical scale unit setting (2.5)
8 Main scale initialization 8
9 Setting the sub scale to LOG (2.6)
10 Setting the sub scale to LINEAR (2.6)
11 Setting the sub scale to % (2.6) 9
12 Linear sub scale bottom setting or offset level setting for LOG (2.6)
13 Automatic scaling of sub scale (2.6)
14 Vertical scale setting (2.5) App
14-1 Number of divisions in the level axis (2.5)

Appendix
14-2 Reference level position on the screen (2.5)
14-3 Reference level position on the sub scale (2.6)
Index
15 Sub scale initialization

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-59
Appendix 7 Function Menu Tree Diagram

SETUP
Display example on Display example on
the standard model the High Performance
SETUP (1/2) Model SETUP (2/2)

2-1
1 7
7-1
2 2-2 8 7-2
3 2-3
9 7-3
4 7-4
5 10 7-5
6
11 8-1
2-4 12 8-2
2-5
8-3
8-4

1 Measurement resolution setting (2.2)

2 Measurement sensitivity settings (2.4)
2-1 Selecting the Measurement Sensitivity Mode (2.4)
2-2 Measurement sensitivity level setting (2.4)
2-4 Setting the HCDR Mode (2.4)
2-5 Setting the CHOP Mode(2.4)
3 Average times setting (2.7)
4 Automatic sampling points setting (2.3)
5 Manual sampling points setting (2.3)
6 Sampling interval setting (2.3)
7 Pulse light measurement settings (3.3)
7-1 Pulse light measurement OFF (3.3)
7-2 Peak hold time setting (3.3)
7-3 External trigger mode setting (3.3)
7-4 Gate mode setting (3.3)
7-5 Gate signal logic setting (3.3)
8 Trigger condition settings (3.4)
8-1 Edge setting (3.4)
8-2 Delay setting (3.4)
8-3 Trigger input mode setting (3.4)
8-4 Trigger output mode setting (3.5)
9 Horizontal scale unit setting (2.1)
10 Resolution Correction(see IM AQ6370E-02EN)
11 Smoothing (2.7)
12 Fiber Connector(see IM AQ6370E-02EN)

App-60 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 7 Function Menu Tree Diagram

ZOOM 1

Setting the center wavelength (frequency or wavenumber) of

the zoom display (4.1)
2
Setting the span of the zoom display (4.1)
Setting the start point of the zoom display (4.1)
Setting the stop point of the zoom display (4.1)
3
Setting the peak position to the center of the zoom display (4.1)
Setting the display position of the overview (4.1)
Set to the currently displayed zoom scale (2.1)
4
Initializing the display scale (4.1)

FILE
6
1 3-1
2 3-2
3 3-3 7
4 3-4

3-5
5 8
6

App
1 Saving data (7.2 to 7.6)

Appendix
2 Loading data (7.2, 7.3, 7.5)
3 Setting the target item(7.2 to 7.6)
Index
4 Setting the method of assigning file names (7.2 to 7.6)
5 Removing the USB storage device (7.1)
6 File operation (7.7)

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-61
Appendix 7 Function Menu Tree Diagram

TRACE(More 1/2)
1 7-1

2 7-2
3

4
5

7-1
7-2

7-3

7-1
7-2

7-4

7-5
7-6

1 Active tray setting (4.2)

2 Show/hide active trace setting (4.2)
3 Setting active trace to write mode (4.2)
4 Setting active trace to fixed mode (4.2)
5 Setting active trace to MAX/MIN hold mode (4.3)
6 Setting active trace sweeping to average mode (4.4)

App-62 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 7 Function Menu Tree Diagram

7 Trace-to-trace calculation settings (trace C, F, G only) (4.5) 1

7-1 Trace-to-trace calculation in LOG (4.5)
7-2 Trace-to-trace calculation in LIN (4.5)
7-3 Power spectral density display (trace F only) (4.8)
2
7-4 Trace normalization (trace G only) (4.6)
7-5 Trace curve fitting (trace G only) (4.7)
7-6 Trace peak curve fitting (trace G only) (4.7)
8 Trace condition list display (4.10)
3

TRACE(More 2/2) 4
1 1-1

2 1-2
5
3
4 1-3

5
6
6

8
1 Copy trace (4.10)
1-1 Copy source trace setting (4.10)
1-2 Copy target trace setting (4.10) 9
1-3 Execute copy (4.10)
2 Trace clearing (4.10)
3 Label character input (see IM AQ6370E-02EN) App
4 Noise mask setting (4.11)

Appendix
5 Mask line setting (4.11)
6 Trace highlighting (4.12)
Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-63
Appendix 7 Function Menu Tree Diagram

MARKER
1 13 4-1
2 14 4-2
9
3 15 4-3
4 16

5 10 17

6 11 18

8 12 4-4

1 Moving marker display on/off (5.1)

2 Setting moving markers to fixed markers (5.1)
3 Clearing fixed markers (5.1)
4 Marker type selection (5.1, 5.3, 5.4)
4-1 Normal marker (5.1)
4-2 Power spectral density marker (5.3)
4-3 Integral power marker (5.4)
4-4 Normalization bandwidth setting (5.3)
5 Setting the moving marker wavelength (frequency or wavenumber) to measurement
center (5.1)
6 Setting the moving marker wavelength (frequency or wavenumber) to display scale center
(5.1)
7 Setting the moving marker level to reference level (5.1)
8 Clear all displayed moving and fixed markers (5.1)
9 Line markers on/off (5.2)
10 Setting the measurement span to between line markers L1 and L2 (5.2)
11 Setting the zoom span to between line markers L1 and L2 (5.2)
12 Clearing all displayed line markers (5.2)
13 Marker display settings (5.1)
14 Setting whether to automatically update the fixed marker's level values when updating
active trace (5.1)
15 Marker value units setting (5.1)
16 Setting the peak search, bottom search, and analysis function ranges to between line
markers L1 and L2
(For both the PEAK SEARCH and ANALYSIS menus) (4.9, 6.1)
17 Setting the peak search, bottom search, and analysis function ranges to within the zoom
span
(For both the PEAK SEARCH and ANALYSIS menus) (4.1, 6.1)
18 Sweep between line markers (3.2)

App-64 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 7 Function Menu Tree Diagram

PEAK SERACH 1

1 9

2 10 2
3

4 11

5 12 3
6
7 13
8 14
4

1 Executing a peak search (4.9)

2 Executing a bottom search (4.9) 6
3 Moving the moving marker from the current position to the next peak/bottom value (4.9)
4 Moving the moving marker from the current position to the next peak/bottom value to the
right (4.9)
7
5 Moving the moving marker from the current position to the next peak/bottom value to the
left (4.9)
6 Setting moving markers to fixed markers (4.9)
7 Clearing fixed markers (4.9) 8
8 Clearing all displayed moving and fixed markers (4.9)
9 Turning on/off peak/bottom search each sweep (4.9)
10 Setting the minimum peak/bottom difference of the mode judgment reference (4.9) 9
11 Setting the peak search, bottom search, and analysis function ranges to between line
markers L1 and L2
(For both the MARKER and ANALYSIS menus) (4.9, 6.1) App
12 Setting the peak search, bottom search, and analysis function ranges to within the zoom

Appendix
span
(For both the MARKER and ANALYSIS menus) (4.9, 6.1)
Index
13 Switching between the single and multi peak/bottom searches (4.9)
14 Setting the threshold and sort order of the multi search (4.9)

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-65
Appendix 7 Function Menu Tree Diagram

ANALYSIS

4 9

5 10

7 11 11-1

8 11-2

11-3

11-4

1 Spectrum width analysis algorithm settings/execution (6.2)

2 Analysis function settings (6.3 to 6.6)
(DFB-LD, FP-LD, LED, SMSR, POWER, ITLA)
3 Analysis function settings (6.5 to 6.9)
(WDM, FILTER-PK, FILTER-BTM, WDM FIL-PK, WDM FIL-BTM)
4 Executing the specified analysis (6.2 to 6.9)
5 Spectrum width analysis threshold setting (6.2)
6 Analysis parameter settings (6.2 to 6.9)
7 Editing the ANALYSIS2 analysis results display screen (6.6 to 6.9)
8 Turning on/off automatic analysis each sweep (6.2 to 6.9)
9 Setting the peak search, bottom search, and analysis function ranges to between line markers L1 and L2
(For both the MARKER and PEAK SEARCH menus) (4.9, 6.1)
10 Setting the peak search, bottom search, and analysis function ranges to within the zoom span
(For both the MARKER and PEAK SEARCH menus) (4.9, 6.1)
11 Editing the grid table (6.11)
11-1 Setting the grid start wavelength (frequency) (6.11)
11-2 Setting the grid stop wavelength (frequency) (6.11)
11-3 Setting the grid table reference wavelength (6.11)
11-4 Setting the grid frequency spacing (6.11)

App-66 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 7 Function Menu Tree Diagram

SYSTEM(More 1/4) 1

2 2-1
2
3 2-2
4 2-3

2-4
3

5 2-5
6
4

1 Executing the monochromator alignment adjustment (see IM AQ6370E-02EN)

2 Wavelength calibration (IM AQ6370E-02EN) 6
2-1 Wavelength calibration using the internal reference light source
2-2 Wavelength calibration using a laser type external reference light source
2-3 Wavelength calibration using a gas cell type external reference light source
7
2-4 Wavelength calibration setting for wavelength calibration using an external reference
light source
2-5 Executing wavelength calibration
3 Setting the wavelength shift amount (value specified for the wavelength axis display value 8
is added) (9.4)
4 Setting the level shift amount (value specified for the level axis display value is added) (9.4)
5 Wavelength Resolution Correction(see IM AQ6370E-02EN) 9
6 Air wavelength/vacuum wavelength mode (2.1)

App

Appendix
Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-67
Appendix 7 Function Menu Tree Diagram

SYSTEM(More 2/4)

2 2-1
3

4 2-2

5
6

7 8
9

10

1 Communication interface settings (see IM AQ6370E-17EN)

2 GP-IB interface settings (see IM AQ6370E-17EN)
2-1 Setting the GP-IB port address
2-2 Setting the command format
3 Setting the Ethernet interface (9.5)
4 Turning off the LCD display (9.4)
5 Trigger input mode setting (3.4)
6 Trigger output mode setting (3.5)
7 Auto offset ON/OFF (9.3)
8 Remote monitor (9.5)
9 Folder sharing setting (9.5)
10 Remote timeout setting (9.5)

App-68 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Appendix 7 Function Menu Tree Diagram

SYSTEM(More 3/4, More 4/4) 1

2 2
3 10-1
4
5 9
3
6 10 10-2
7 11
8 12 10-3
4
10-4

1 UNCAL and warning On/Off (9.4)

2 Buzzer settings (9.6) 6
3 Setting the number of level data digits (1.5)
4 Display color setting (1.5)
5 Language setting (1.5)
7
6 date and time settings (see IM AQ6370E-02EN)
7 User-defined menu registration(9.1)
8 Key lock (9.2)
9 Initializing the settings (9.9)
8
10 System information display (9.8)
10-1 Displaying, clearing, and saving the system log to USB memory (9.8)
10-2 Displaying the open source software (OSS) license 9
10-3 Updating the firmware (via network) (see IM AQ6370E-02EN)
10-4 Updating the firmware (USB memory) (see IM AQ6370E-02EN)
11 Service menu App
12 System shutdown (see IM AQ6370E-02EN)

Appendix
Index

IM AQ6370E-01EN App-69
 Index 1

Symbols Page CSV data format...................................................................... 7-7

curve fit.................................................................................. 1-30
2
-XdB WIDTH................................................................. 1-47, 1-49
Δλ-> Span (SPAN)................................................................. 1-12
D Page

Numerics Page Data....................................................................................... 7-18

3
Data (FILE key)..................................................................... 1-51
0nm Sweep Time.......................................................... 1-12, 6-41 data format............................................................................ 7-22
Date......................................................................................... 7-2
A Page delay...................................................................................... 1-17
ABSOLUTE....................................................................... App-33
active trace............................................................................ 1-26
DFB-LD................................................................ 1-40, 1-47, 6-12
DFB-LD analysis............................................................... App-15
4
Add........................................................................................ 7-21 DFB-LD test........................................................................... 1-57
ALGO.................................................................................... 6-37 Display Off.................................................................... 1-54, 9-11
alignment adjustment.............................................................. 9-4 display, turning off.................................................................. 9-14
All Clear................................................................................. 9-28 DRIFT(GRID)..................................................................... App-36
DRIFT(MEAS)................................................................... App-35
5
All Marker Clear............................................................ 1-33, 1-35
All Trace (FILE key)............................................................... 1-51
ANALYSIS......................................................................... App-66 E Page
Analysis 1.............................................................................. 1-47 EDFA-NF............................................................................... 6-22
Analysis 2.............................................................................. 1-49 EDFA-NF analysis parameters, setting................................. 6-27 6
analysis between line markers................................................ 6-1 edge...................................................................................... 1-17
Analysis Execute................................................................... 1-49 ENVELOPE............................................................................. 6-4
analysis in the zoom area........................................................ 6-2 ENVELOPE (envelope curve) method................................ App-4
ANALYSIS key....................................................................... 1-47
APP feature............................................................................. 8-1
Execute (APP key)................................................................ 1-59
extension......................................................7-6, 7-16, 7-20, 7-26
7
APP key................................................................................. 1-59 external trigger...................................................................... 1-17
application feature................................................................... 8-1 Ext Trigger Mode................................................................... 1-17
Auto....................................................................................... 1-19
auto analysis......................................................................... 1-50
Auto Center............................................................................1-11
F Page 8
Auto File Name...................................................................... 1-52 FILE...................................................................................App-61
auto measurement.................................................................. 3-7 FILE key................................................................................ 1-52
auto offset....................................................................... 9-9, 9-10 file name......................................................................... 7-6, 7-36
file name (All Trace).............................................................. 7-16
Auto Offset............................................................................... 9-9
Auto Offset Setting................................................................ 1-54 file name (Data)..................................................................... 7-20 9
Auto Ref Level....................................................................... 1-13 file name (Graphics).............................................................. 7-30
auto search............................................................................ 1-33 file name (Setting)................................................................. 7-26
Auto Sub Scale...................................................................... 1-14 File Operation........................................................................ 1-52
filter bottom analysis.............................................................. 6-30
auto sweep............................................................................ 1-19
FILTER BOTTOM analysis................................................ App-44
App
averaged measurement.......................................................... 1-7
average times............................................................... 1-16, 2-41 FILTER-BTM.......................................................................... 6-28
filter peak analysis................................................................. 6-29
B Page FILTER PEAK analysis...................................................... App-41

Band Width............................................................................ 1-35

FILTER-PK............................................................................ 6-28 Index
FIP......................................................................................... 1-58
Bottom Search....................................................................... 1-33 Fix A to G............................................................................... 1-26
Index

buzzer.................................................................................... 1-55 fixed marker........................................................................... 1-35

Buzzer................................................................................... 9-23 fixed markers........................................................................... 5-8
folder name........................................................................... 7-36
C Page folder sharing......................................................................... 9-18
Calculate C............................................................................ 1-27 Folder Sharing....................................................................... 9-18
Calculate F............................................................................ 1-28 FP-LD.................................................................. 1-40, 1-48, 6-12
Cal Data Clear....................................................................... 9-28 FP-LD analysis.................................................................. App-17
Center.................................................................................... 1-10 FP-LD test............................................................................. 1-57
CENTER............................................................................ App-58 frequency display.................................................................... 2-8
CENTER key......................................................................... 1-10
center wavelength................................................................... 1-1
center wavelength (frequency or wavenumber)...................... 2-8
CHOP mode.......................................................................... 2-26
Clear Marker................................................................. 1-33, 1-35
color mode............................................................................. 1-55
command format (Ethernet).................................................. 1-54
command format (GP-IB)...................................................... 1-53

IM AQ6370E-01EN Index-1
Index

G Page M Page
gain........................................................................................ 1-42 main scale.................................................................... 1-13, 2-33
gate logic............................................................................... 1-17 Main Scale Initialize...................................................... 1-13, 1-14
gate mode............................................................................. 1-17 MARKER........................................................................... App-64
gate sampling measurement................................................. 3-17 Marker ->Center.................................................................... 1-35
Graphics (FILE key).............................................................. 1-51 Marker -> Ref Level............................................................... 1-35
Grid Setting.................................................................. 1-50, 6-42 Marker Active......................................................................... 1-35
grid table................................................................................ 6-43 Marker All Clear..................................................................... 1-36
Marker Auto Update.............................................................. 1-36
H Page Marker Display...................................................................... 1-36
MARKER key........................................................................ 1-35
HCDR mode.......................................................................... 2-25
Marker L1-L2 -> Span........................................................... 1-36
Hold A to G............................................................................ 1-26
Marker L1-L2 -> Zoom Span................................................. 1-36
horizontal scale..................................................................... 1-18
markers.................................................................................. 1-24
Marker Setting....................................................................... 1-35
I Page
Marker Unit............................................................................ 1-36
information............................................................................. 1-59 mask line............................................................................... 1-31
Initialize................................................................................. 1-32 MEAN WAVELENGTH (FP-LD)............................................. 1-48
Install..................................................................................... 1-59 MEAN WAVELENGTH (LED)................................................ 1-49
installation............................................................................. 1-59 Mean WL->Center..................................................................1-11
Install(Network)....................................................................... 8-2 measurement range................................................................ 1-1
Install(USB)............................................................................. 8-2 measurement sensitivity.......................................................... 1-5
integral markers..................................................................... 1-24 measurement sensitivity and effective vertical scale range..... 3-3
integral power markers.......................................................... 5-18 measurement (sweep), starting............................................... 3-8
Item Select............................................................................ 1-52 Mode Diff............................................................................... 1-34
ITLA.............................................................................. 1-40, 6-16 MODE DIFF........................................................................... 6-37
ITLA analysis..................................................................... App-18 MODE FIT........................................................................... App-2
MODE NO............................................................................. 1-48
K Page monochromator stray light....................................................... 3-3
moving marker....................................................................... 1-35
key lock................................................................................... 9-2
moving markers....................................................................... 5-8
multi search........................................................................... 4-32
L Page
Multi Search Setting.............................................................. 1-34
label....................................................................................... 1-31 My Address............................................................................ 1-53
language....................................................................... 1-55, 9-12
Language.............................................................................. 9-12 N Page
LED..................................................................... 1-40, 1-49, 6-12
Network Setting..................................................................... 1-54
LED analysis..................................................................... App-18
Next Level Search................................................................. 1-33
LED test................................................................................. 1-57
Next Search Left.................................................................... 1-33
LEVEL............................................................................... App-59
Next Search Right................................................................. 1-33
Level Display Digit................................................................. 1-55
NF.......................................................................................... 1-42
LEVEL key............................................................................. 1-13
noise mask............................................................................ 1-31
level line markers.................................................................. 1-36
noise mask type.................................................................... 4-37
level scale................................................................................ 1-2
noise reduction........................................................................ 1-7
level shift............................................................................... 1-53
noise rejection....................................................................... 1-18
Level Shift.............................................................................. 9-13
normalize............................................................................... 1-29
level unit................................................................................ 1-13
normal marker....................................................................... 1-24
Licenses................................................................................ 9-27
NOTCH.................................................................................... 6-4
light source analysis.............................................................. 1-40
NOTCH width measurement............................................... App-9
Linear Base Level.................................................................. 1-13
Num......................................................................................... 7-2
Linear Math (Calculate C)..................................................... 1-27
Linear Math (Calculate F)...................................................... 1-28
Linear Math (Calculate G)..................................................... 1-29 O Page
linear scale................................................................... 1-13, 2-34 offset level............................................................................. 1-14
linear sub scale display......................................................... 1-14 one-action................................................................................ 2-9
Line Marker 1, 2.................................................................... 1-35 one-action keys..................................................................... 2-35
Line Marker 3, 4.................................................................... 1-36 one-action (sweep span)........................................................2-11
line markers........................................................................... 5-12 Operation Lock............................................................... 1-55, 9-2
line markers, analysis between............................................... 6-1 optical amplifier analysis.............................................. 1-42, 6-22
line marker (sweep span).......................................................2-11 optical filter analysis.............................................................. 1-43
Load...................................................................................... 1-52 optical filter characteristics, measuring................................. 6-28
Log Math (Calculate C)......................................................... 1-27 OSNR........................................................................... 1-38, 1-48
Log Math (Calculate F).......................................................... 1-28 OSS....................................................................................... 9-27
Log Math (Calculate G)......................................................... 1-29 Overview Display................................................................... 1-32
log scale....................................................................... 1-13, 2-34 overview window............................................................ 1-32, 4-4
log sub scale......................................................................... 1-14 Overwrite............................................................................... 7-21

Index-2 IM AQ6370E-01EN
 Index

P Page SETUP............................................................................... App-60

1
SETUP key............................................................................ 1-15
Parameter Clear.................................................................... 9-28 shift, amount.......................................................................... 9-12
Parameter Initialize....................................................... 1-55, 9-28 Shut Down............................................................................. 1-55
Parameter Setting................................................................. 1-50 Single.................................................................................... 1-19
password................................................................................. 9-2
Peak -> Zoom Ctr......................................................... 1-32, 1-35
single search......................................................................... 4-30
single sweep.......................................................................... 1-19
2
peak curve fit......................................................................... 1-30 smoothing..................................................................... 1-18, 2-41
peak hold............................................................................... 1-17 Smpl Enable Mode................................................................ 1-17
Peak Level -> Ref Level........................................................ 1-13 Smpl Trig Mode..................................................................... 1-17
PEAK RMS.............................................................................. 6-4
PEAK RMS method............................................................. App-8
SMSR...........................................................1-38, 1-47, 6-8, 1-49
SMSR analysis.................................................................. App-11
3
Peak Search.......................................................................... 1-33 Sort by................................................................................... 1-34
PEAK SERACH................................................................. App-65 spacing.................................................................................. 6-43
Peak WL->Center.................................................................. 1-10 Span...................................................................................... 1-12
percentage sub scale............................................................ 1-14
PK-RMS................................................................................. 1-47
SPAN................................................................................. App-58 4
SPAN key.............................................................................. 1-12
POWER............................................................... 1-39, 1-47, 6-10 spectral width........................................................................ 1-37
POWER analysis............................................................... App-15 spectral width analysis algorithm............................................. 6-7
power measurement in the zoom area.................................... 6-2 spectrum measurement averaged over time......................... 3-16
Power/NBW........................................................................... 1-28
power spectral density markers.................................... 1-24, 5-15
SPECTRUM WIDTH (FP-LD)................................................ 1-48 5
SPECTRUM WIDTH (LED)................................................... 1-49
Pulse Light Measure..................................................... 1-17, 3-15 Spec Width............................................................................ 1-47
pulse width............................................................................ 3-22 Spec Width Thresh......................................................... 1-49, 6-7
SSER analysis................................................................... App-21
R Page Start....................................................................................... 1-10 6
REDO.................................................................................... 1-56 Start (SPAN).......................................................................... 1-12
reference frequency.............................................................. 6-43 start wavelength...................................................................... 1-1
reference level.............................................................. 1-13, 2-34 start wavelength (frequency or wavenumber)......................... 2-8
Ref Level Position................................................................. 1-14
RELATIVE......................................................................... App-34
start wavelength (frequency or wavenumber) (sweep span).2-10
Stop.............................................................................. 1-10, 1-19 7
remote interface.................................................................... 1-53 Stop (SPAN).......................................................................... 1-12
Remote Interface................................................................... 9-15 stop wavelength...................................................................... 1-1
remote monitor...................................................................... 1-54 stop wavelength (frequency or wavenumber)................ 2-8, 2-10
Remote Monitor..................................................................... 9-18 stop wavelength (frequency or wavenumber) (sweep span).2-10
STSSER analysis.............................................................. App-23
8
remote monitoring................................................................. 9-18
Remote Port No..................................................................... 1-54 Sub Linear............................................................................. 1-14
Remote User Account........................................................... 1-54 Sub Log................................................................................. 1-14
Remove USB Storage.................................................... 1-52, 7-1 Sub Ref Level Position.......................................................... 1-14
Repeat................................................................................... 1-19 sub scale............................................................................... 1-14 9
repeat sweep......................................................................... 1-19 Sub Scale.............................................................................. 1-14
report....................................................................................... 8-7 Support file builder................................................................ 1-58
Report...................................................................................... 8-7 sweep...................................................................................... 1-9
Res BW Calibration............................................................... 1-53 SWEEP.............................................................................. App-58
RESOLN key......................................................................... 1-19 sweep interval....................................................................... 1-19 App
resolution............................................................. 1-15, 1-19, 2-14 SWEEP key........................................................................... 1-19
RMS................................................................................ 1-47, 6-4 Sweep Marker L1-L2.................................................... 1-19, 1-36
RMS method....................................................................... App-7 sweep span.................................................................... 1-1, 2-10
Roll Average A to G............................................................... 1-26 sweep status......................................................................... 1-17
roll-averaged measurement.................................................... 1-8 Sweep Trig Mode.................................................................. 1-17 Index
Switch Display....................................................................... 1-50
S system information................................................................ 1-55
Index

Page
System Information............................................................... 9-25
sampling interval................................................... 1-4, 1-16, 2-16 SYSTEM key......................................................................... 1-53
sampling interval time............................................................ 3-18 SYSTEM(More 1/4)........................................................... App-67
sampling points..................................................... 1-4, 1-16, 2-16 SYSTEM(More 2/4)........................................................... App-68
Save...................................................................................... 1-52 SYSTEM(More 3/4, More 4/4)........................................... App-69
Scale Minimum...................................................................... 1-14
screen, turning off.................................................................. 9-14
Search/Ana Marker L1-L2................................... 1-34, 1-36, 1-50
Search/Ana Zoom Area....................................... 1-34, 1-36, 1-50
search mode.......................................................................... 1-34
sensitivity............................................................................... 1-15
sensitivity level...................................................................... 1-15
Sensitivity Mode.................................................................... 1-15
Sensitivity Select................................................................... 1-15
Set Clock............................................................................... 1-55
Set Marker.................................................................... 1-33, 1-35
Setting (FILE key).................................................................. 1-51

IM AQ6370E-01EN Index-3
Index

T Page Write A to G........................................................................... 1-26

TCP/IP................................................................................... 9-16
TCP/IP Setting....................................................................... 1-54
Y Page

TEST BAND.......................................................................... 6-37 Y scale division...................................................................... 1-14

test mode............................................................................... 1-55 Y scale setting....................................................................... 1-14
THRESH.................................................................................. 6-4
THRESH LEVEL.................................................................... 6-37 Z Page
THRESH method................................................................. App-2 zoom...................................................................................... 1-22
threshold................................................................................ 1-34 ZOOM................................................................................ App-61
timeout................................................................................... 1-54 zoom area, analysis in............................................................. 6-2
TOTAL POWER (FP-LD)....................................................... 1-48 Zoom Center......................................................................... 1-32
TOTAL POWER (LED).......................................................... 1-49 zoom center wavelength (frequency or wavenumber)............ 4-5
Trace Clear............................................................................ 1-31 ZOOM key............................................................................. 1-32
Trace Copy............................................................................ 1-31 Zoom Span............................................................................ 1-32
Trace (FILE key).................................................................... 1-51 Zoom Start............................................................................. 1-32
Trace Highlight...................................................................... 1-31 zoom start wavelength (frequency or wavenumber) (sweep
TRACE key............................................................................ 1-26 span)..................................................................................... 4-5
Trace List............................................................................... 1-31 Zoom Stop............................................................................. 1-32
TRACE(More 1/2).............................................................. App-62 zoom stop wavelength (frequency or wavenumber)................ 4-5
TRACE(More 2/2).............................................................. App-63
traces..................................................................................... 1-20
trigger input mode................................................................. 1-54
trigger output mode............................................................... 1-54
trigger setting......................................................................... 1-17
Trig Input Mode..................................................................... 1-17
Trig Output Mode................................................................... 1-17

U Page
UNCAL.................................................................................. 2-14
UNCAL mark, displaying........................................................9-11
Uncal Warning....................................................................... 1-54
UNDO.................................................................................... 1-56
UNDO/LOCAL key................................................................. 1-56
Uninstall................................................................................. 1-59
uninstallation......................................................................... 1-59
USB storage device, removing................................................ 7-1
user-defined menu.................................................................. 9-1
User Key Define............................................................. 1-55, 9-1

V Page
View A to G............................................................................ 1-26
View Scale -> Measure....................................... 1-11, 1-12, 1-32

W Page
warning display.......................................................................9-11
waveforms with resolutions of 0.05 nm................................... 3-5
wavelength calibration.................................................... 1-53, 9-5
Wavelength Calibration........................................................... 9-5
wavelength display.................................................................. 2-8
wavelength display sweep span (frequency or wavenumber).4-5
Wavelength in........................................................................ 1-53
wavelength resolution.............................................................. 1-3
wavelength resolution (frequency and wavenumber)............ 2-14
wavelength resolution, limitations on....................................... 3-1
wavelength shift..................................................................... 1-53
Wavelength Shift................................................................... 9-12
wavelength sweep span (frequency or wavenumber)........... 2-10
WDM...................................................................................... 6-19
WDM analysis parameter, setting.......................................... 6-21
WDM filter analysis parameters, setting................................ 6-37
WDM filter bottom analysis.................................................... 6-33
WDM FILTER BOTTOM analysis...................................... App-52
WDM filter peak analysis....................................................... 6-32
WDM FILTER PEAK analysis............................................ App-46
WDM signal spectral analysis............................................... 1-41
WDM test............................................................................... 1-57

Index-4 IM AQ6370E-01EN