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Cables and Connectors
Topic: Cables and Connectors
Class: SSS Three
Network Cables
Network Cables are mediums through which information usually moves from one
network to another.
Types of Network Cables
Network cables include the following types:
a. Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Cables
b. Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) Cables
c. Coaxial Cables
d. Fibre Optics
e. Telephone
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Cable
UTP is a popular type of cable that consists of two unshielded wires twisted
around each other. Due to its low cost, UTP cabling is used extensively for local-
area networks (LANs) and telephone connections. UTP cabling does not offer as
high bandwidth or as good protection from interference as coaxial or fibre optic
cables, but it is less expensive and easier to work with.
Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) Cables
Shielded twisted pair is suitable for environments with electrical interferences;
however, the extra shielding can make the cables quite bulky.
Coaxial Cable
Coaxial cabling has a single copper conductor at its centre. A plastic layer
provides insulation between the centre conductor and the braided metal shield.
The metal shield helps block any outside interference from fluorescent lights,
motors and other computers.
There are two types of coaxial cabling:
a. Thin coaxial cables (Thin net)
b. Thick coaxial cables (thick net)
Fiber Optic Cable
Fiber Optic cable consists of a centre glass core surrounded by several layers of
protective materials. It transmits light rather than an electronic signal eliminating
the problem of electrical interference.
Telephone Cable
Telephone systems use low-voltage electrical wires to convey signals to phones,
modems and fax machines.
Network Connectors
An electrical connector is a conductive device for joining electrical circuits
together.
Types of Network Connectors
1. Registered Jacks
2. Coaxial connectors
3. T-connectors
Register Jacks
The naming convention for Register jacks is RJ-xx, where xx is a two-digit
number. The two digits indicate the type of interface and the area of its
application.
Examples of Register Jack Connectors
a. RJ 45 connector
This is a plastic connector that looks like a large telephone-style connector. A
slot allows the RJ 45 to be inserted only one way.
b. RJ 11 connector
The RJ 11 is the most common phone jack that is in use today. RJ 11 connectors
are used to terminate phone lines and are typically deployed with single-line
POTS (plain Old Telephone Service) telephone jacks.
Coaxial Cables Connector
The most common type of connector used with coaxial cable is the Bayone-Neill-
Concelman (BNC) connector.
T-connector
T-connectors are connectors for connecting three cables. It is usually in the
shape of a capital T.
Computer Cables
Computer cables include the following:
1. Power cable
2. Data cable
3. Printer cable
4. Monitor cable
5. Serial cable
6. Universal Serial Bus (USB) cable
Power Cable
A power cable or main cable is a cord that temporarily connects electrical
appliances like the computer to the distribution circuits of an electrical power
source via a wall socket or extension cord.
Data Cable
Data cables are used to transmit information between the system bus and
peripheral devices.
Printer cable
Printer cable is used to connect a parallel printer to the parallel port on a PC. A
parallel port is a type of interface found on computers for connecting various
peripheral devices.
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Monitor cable
A monitor cable or a VGA (Video Graphics Array) cable is a cable used to
transmit video signals
Serial cable
A serial cable is a cable used to transfer information between two devices using
a serial communication protocol.
Universal Serial Bus Cable
This cable is used for connecting peripheral devices to a computer.
Computer Connectors
There are generally two types of connectors namely:
Male Connectors
Female Connectors
The gender of a connector is easy to determine. A male connector has one or
more protrusions that couple with a female receptacle. Good examples of male
connectors are power plugs and coaxial cables.
Virtually all of the receptacles (USB, RCA, and Ethernet connectors) on a
computer are female.
The male has “pins” which stick out, while the female has holes or receptacles
contacts. Note:
A Radio Corporation of America (RCA) connector is a type of electrical
connector that is used to carry audio/video (A/V) signals.
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