Dr. D. Y.

Patil Unitech Society’s

Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology
Pimpri, Pune

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering

Unit I: Applet
304195 (C): Advanced JAVA Programming
Third Year Semester II
Elective II
AY 2023-24
Faculty: Armaan Shaikh
 Scheme and Structure 2

Course Objectives: Make the Course Outcomes:

learner to: • CO1: Design and develop GUI
applications using Applets.
• Design and develop GUI • CO2: Apply relevant AWT/ swing
applications using Abstract components to handle the given event.
Credits: 03
Windowing Toolkit (AWT), Swing • CO3: Design and develop GUI
and Event Handling. applications using Abstract Windowing
Toolkit (AWT), Swing and Event Handling.
• Design and develop Web
• CO4: Learn to access database through In-Sem (Th.): 30 marks
applications Java programs, using Java Database
• Designing Enterprise based Connectivity (JDBC)
applications by encapsulating an • CO5: Invoke the remote methods in an
application using Remote Method End-Sem (Th.): 70 marks
application’s business logic. Invocation (RMI)
• Designing applications using • CO6: Develop program for client /server
pre-built frameworks communication using Java Networking Companion Course:
classes.
Advanced JAVA Programming
Lab

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Course Contents 3

1. Unit I: Applets
2. Unit II: Event Handling using AWT/Swing components
3. Unit III: GUI Programming
4. Unit IV: Database Programming using JDBC
5. Unit V: Remote Method Invocation (RMI)
6. Unit VI: Networking

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Reference Material 4

• Text Books:
1. Herbert Schildt, “Java: The complete reference”, Tata McGraw Hill, 7th
Edition
2. Jim Keogh, “Complete Reference J2EE” , Enterpr
3. E. Balaguruswamy, “Programming with JAVA: A Primer” McGraw Hill
Education, India, 5th Edition.

• Reference Books:
1. “Java 6 Programming”, Black Book, Dreamtech
2. “Java Server Programming, Java EE6 (J2EE 1.6)”, Black Book, Dreamtech
3. M.T. Savaliya,“Advanced Java Technology”, Dreamtech

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
MOOC/NPTEL Courses 5

1. NPTEL Course “Programming in Java”

• Link of the Course: https://nptel.ac.in/courses/106/105/106105191/

2. Udemy course “Advanced Java Programming”

• Link of the Course:
https://www.udemy.com/course/advanced-java-programming

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
What is Applet? 6

• Applet is a small program which-

• can be placed on a web page
• is run using the Applet Viewer or a Web
Browser
• can be transported over the Internet
• can do things like performing arithmetic
operations, display graphics, play sounds,
accept user input, create animation, play
interactive games, etc.

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, DIT, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)

 Types of Applet 7

Local Applet Remote Applet

• An applet developed • An applet developed by

locally and stored in someone else and
local system is known as stored in remote
local applet. computer is known as
remote applet.
• It does not require • Requires downloading
Internet. and hence, Internet.

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
How Applets differ from Applications 8

1. Applets are not full-featured application programs

2. Usually designed for use on the Internet
3. Applets do not use the main() method
4. Applets cannot read from or write to the files in the local computer
5. Applets cannot communicate with other servers on the network
6. Applets cannot run independently. They are run from inside a Web page

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
 Life cycle of an Applet 9

The class Applet provides a set of methods to control and supervise the smooth execution of applets. These
methods (also called life cycle methods) are called in a specific order during an applet’s entire life cycle.

1. Instantiated or
born

2. Running

3. Idle or
Stopped

4. Dead or
destroyed

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Building an applet code 10

• The applet code uses the services of two classes, namely, Applet and
Graphics
• The Applet class which is contained in the java.applet package provides
lifecycle methods for the applet
• The paint() method, when called, displays the result of applet code on
screen. The output may be text, graphics or sound.
• The paint() method requires Graphics object as an argument which is
contained in java.awt package

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Some Graphics methods 11

• g.drawString("Hello", 20, 20); Hello

• g.drawRect(x, y, width, height);

• g.fillRect(x, y, width, height);

• g.drawOval(x, y, width, height);

• g.fillOval(x, y, width, height);

• g.setColor(Color.red);

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Running applet in HTML 12

• A Web page is basically made up of text and HTML tags that can be
interpreted by a Web browser
• A Web page is marked by an opening HTML tag <HTML> and a closing
</HTML> tag
• Two HTML tags are used to work with applets: <applet> and <param>
• An applet is typically embedded in an HTML document using the <applet> tag.
• The <param> tag is used to pass parameters to an applet

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
 Running applet in HTML 13

• The <applet> tag takes three mandatory attributes: code, width, and
height
• The code attribute specifies the class file for the applet to be initiated

<!-- HelloWorld.html -->

<html>
<head><title>Applet Demo</title></head>
<body>
<applet code="HelloWorld" height=50 width=150 >
</applet>
</body>
</html>

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Running applet in HTML 14

• The <applet> tag takes several other optional attributes. It takes the
following general form:
1. <appletcode='appletClassFile'
2. [codebase='URLOfCodeBase']
3. [alt='altervativeText']
4. [name='NameOfApplet']
5. width='width of Applet window in pixels'
6. height='height of Applet window in pixels'
7. [align='alignment']
8. [vspace='pixels']
9. [hspace='pixels']>
Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Utility Methods 15

The Applet class provides a set of useful methods (in addition to the
lifecycle methods)
• isActive()
• resize(int width,int height)
• showStatus(String message)
• getDocumentBase()
• getCodeBase()
• getImage(URL url, String name)

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
getCodeBase(), getDocumentBase() 16

• The getCodeBase() method returns the complete URL of the .class file
that contains the applet

• The getDocumentBase() method returns the complete URL of the .html

file that loaded the applet.

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Passing Parameters 17

• We can supply user-defined parameters to an applet using <PARAM...> tags.

• Each tag has a name attribute such as color, and a value attribute such as
red.
• To set up and handle parameters, we need to do two things:
1. Include appropriate <PARAM...> tags in the HTML document.
2. Provide Code in the applet to parse these parameters.

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Retrieving Parameters 18

• Parameters are passed on an applet when it is loaded.

• We can define the init( ) method in the applet to get hold of the
parameters defined in the <PARAM> tags.
• This is done using the getParameter( ) method

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Summary: Adding an Applet in HTML 19

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
JApplet 20

• As Swing is preferred to AWT, we can use JApplet that can have all the
controls of swing. The JApplet class extends the Applet class.
javax.swing.Japplet

• Note that the class, javax.swing.JApplet is a subclass of the Applet

class
• java.applet.Applet
• javax.swing.JApplet

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Basic GUI Components 21

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
TextField 22

• A text field (represented by TextField

class) is a basic component where user can
type/edit a single line of text.

add(new Label("Name"));
add(new TextField());

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
TextArea 23

• A TextArea component has a display area

that can show multi-line text.
• Another advantage of text area over text
field is that when the text in the text area
becomes larger than the viewable area,
scroll bars can be enabled

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Button 24

• One of the common components found in a GUI is a

push button which is represented by Button class.
• When a button is pushed/clicked typically an action is
taken
• The Button class has two constructors.
public Button(String label);
string public Button();

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
ComboBox 25

• A JComboBox object represents a

pop-up menu of items, one of
which may be chosen at any time.
• The current choice is displayed as
the title of the menu.

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Checkbox 26

• A Checkbox object can be in either of

the two states: “on” (true) or “off”
(false).
• It has a small rectangular area which
remains empty for “off” state and shows
a small tick mark (√) for “on” state.
• Clicking on a check box toggles its state.

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
JTabbedPane 27

• JTabbedPane encapsulates a
tabbed pane.
• It manages a set of components
by linking them with tabs.
• Selecting a tab causes the
component associated with that
tab to come to the forefront.

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
 JScrollPane 28

• JScrollPane is a lightweight container that

automatically handles the scrolling of another
component.
• The component being scrolled can be either an
individual component or a group of components
• Here are the steps to follow to use a scroll pane:
1. Create the component to be scrolled.
2. Create an instance of JScrollPane, passing to it the object
to scroll.
3. Add the scroll pane to the content pane.

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
 JTree 29

• A JTree is a sophisticated component that

can display data hierarchy using tree.
• A JTree consists of nodes. The top-most
node is called ‘root’. A node may have
children nodes which, in turn, may have
further children nodes and so on.

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
JTable 30

• The JTable class lets us create

a tabular grid of data.
• JTable is a component that
displays rows and columns of
data
• It is also possible to select a
row, column, or cell within the
table, and to change the data
within a cell

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
 ImageIcon 31

• Label Constructor:
JLabel(String str, Icon icon, int align)

• ImageIcon implements Icon and encapsulates an

image. Thus, an object of type ImageIcon can be
passed as an argument to the Icon parameter of
JLabel’s constructor.

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Excercise 32

• Hint:
g.drawOval
g.fillOval
g.setColor

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Quiz 33

• Which one of the following is a valid declaration of an applet?

(a) class AnApplet implements Applet {
(b) public class AnApplet extends applet implements Runnable {
(c) abstract class AnApplet extends java. applet.Applet {
(d) public class AnApplet extends java.applet. Applet {

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Quiz 34

• What is the difference between a Java Applet and a Java

application program?
(a) All the methods in an applet class are private.
(b) Applets can create GUI, applications cannot.
(c) Applets are run in web browsers but applications are not.
(d) An application is a small program, whereas an applet is large.

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Quiz 35

• Which of the following packages must be imported to get the class

Applet?
(a) java.applet.Applet
(b) java.util.*
(c) java.awt.*
(d) javax.swing.*

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
 Quiz 36

• Why does an applet have no main() method?

(a) The browser acts as the main. The applet provides methods for the browser.
(b) The paint() method is like the main method for an applet.
(c) Programs that do graphics do not need a main.
(d) Only simple programs need a main

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Quiz 37

• What is the function of the Graphics object?

(a) It represents the canvas of the applet and provides drawing methods.
(b) It represents the status bar.
(c) It represents the entire screen of the computer monitor.
(d) It represents the applet background.

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Quiz 38

• Which of the following sequences is the correct order of method

call?
(a) start(), init(), paint(), stop(), destroy()
(b) init(), paint(), start(), stop(), destroy()
(c) init(), start(), paint(), stop(), destroy()
(d) start(), init(), paint(), destroy(), stop()

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Quiz 39

• Which of the following must be imported to get the graphics

components?
(a) java.util.*
(b) java.Graphics
(c) java.awt.*
(d) java.lang.*

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Quiz 40

• Which of the following codes is used to display the string “Hello World!”
at X=20 Y=50 location? Assume that g holds a Graphics object reference.
(a) g.println( “Hello World!” );
(b) drawString( “Hello World!”, 20, 50 );
(c) g.drawString( 20, 50, “Hello World!” );
(d) g.drawString( “Hello World!”, 20, 50 );

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Quiz 41

• Can the source code for your applet be compiled by the usual javac
compiler?
(a) No, because applets have no main() method.
(b) Yes, if you are going to run it from the DOS prompt.
(c) Yes, an applet is just another class as far as the compiler is concerned.
(d) No, the web browser compiles the code.

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Quiz 42

• Which of the following tags is used to pass parameters to applets?

(a) <parameter>
(b) <argc>
(c) <para>
(d) <param>

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Quiz 43

• If you are using the Graphics object g and wish to change the pen
color to blue, what should you do?
(a) g.setPen(Color.blue)
(b) setBackground(Color.blue)
(c) g.setColor(Color.blue)
(d) g.setBlue( )

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
Quiz 44

• Which of the following statements is true?

(a) Applets have main() function.
(b) Applets cannot use System.out.print() method.
(c) Applets are JavaScript programs.
(d) Applets run within a web browser.

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri Armaan Shaikh (E&TC)
 45

THANK YOU

Electronics and Telecomunication Engineering, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri