INDEX
proper noun (name), 46, 47, 50, 57, 141, complex vs. compound, 171–2
143, 260 definition, 263 – 4
property, 72–3 embedded, 172
purpose, 186 and grammar, 263 –8
grammaticality, 1–3, 10, 96, 254, 255,
quantifier (Q), 142, 146 258, 261–3
quantifying adjective (QA), 146 –7 negative, 114, 128–30
question noun phrase and verb phrase, 29 –31
auxiliary verb and, 130 –1 passive, 119 –21, 125 –8, 130
constituent, 196 simple, 24
echo, 216 vs. utterance, 96
fronting the tensed auxiliary, 130 –1 sentence adverbial (S adverbial), 97–100,
interrogative clause, 176, 179, 229 –30 123
interrogative pronoun, 204 sentential recursion, 171– 4
whether clause as allusion to, 175 – 6 see also subordinate clause
wh-question, 13, 14–15, 196 –202 sequence, 11–14
yes/no, 26–7 since, 185 –6, 187
question movement test, 26 –8 singular, 14, 47, 49, 112–13
sister, 31–2, 37– 8
recursion, 171 sister-of-N vs. sister-of-NOM, 167–8, 206
sentential, 171– 4 sister-of-V vs. sister-of-VP, 90, 122, 167
recursive category, 149 –50 stative verb, 228
reflexive, 48 structural ambiguity see ambiguity
regular verb, 112, 117 structure, 6 –10, 16, 121–3, 261, 262
relation sub-categorisation
head-complement relation, 36 –8, 54 ellipsis and, 95 –7
modifier-head relation, 32–5, 36, 37, features, 73, 75 –6
41–2 of noun, 46 – 8
relative clause, 204 –11 of pronoun, 48
as adjunct in NP, 204– 6 of verb, 67–78, 96 –8, 180, 236– 8, 240 –3
non finite, 230–1 subject, 24– 8
vs. noun complement clause, 204–7 and accusative case, 229, 240
omission of the wh-phrase, 207 and C2 position, 231
restrictive vs. non-restrictive, 208–11 clausal, 176– 8
and that, 207– 8 controlled vs. free, 224, 229, 230, 231,
relative pronoun, 48 233
right-branching, 150 –2 covert, 223 – 4, 229 –31, 233, 234 –5, 238,
rules, 260 –1, 262, 263, 265 –7 239 –41, 242
‘dummy,’ 177
S adverbial see sentence adverbial and ellipsis, 96 –7
Saussure, Ferdinand de, 258 extraposed, 176 – 8, 181, 182, 184, 232–3
S-bar (S’), 130 –1, 174, 197, 198, 199, 205 and non-finite clause, 223 – 4, 226 –7,
when dominated by NP, 177, 179, 181 228, 229, 230 –1, 232–4, 235, 238,
S-double-bar (S’’), 198, 199, 205 240 –1, 242
semantics, 3, 15 noun phrase as, 29–32, 55
see also ambiguity and passive sentence, 126 – 8
sentence and predicate, 24 –9, 38, 40, 176 –7
analysis, 8–10 subject-auxiliary inversion see see
as basis of language, 253 –5, 256 –61, 262 auxiliary-fronting
276