COMMUNITY MEDICINE PYQ
Concept of Health and Disease
2.5 marks
1.Define one health and mention the sectors involved prof 2019
2.List the components of physical quality life index and write a way
to integrate these individual items pre-prof 2018
3.a. What is the current Maternal Mortality ratio of India? (1).b. List
the reliable sources of data for the following-
a. MMR b. Prevalence of anemia in pregnant mothers.
c. list of districts with Dengue outbreak (1.5) 8th sem 2018
4.List the components of Human Development Index (HDI). Write
in brief how the Human Development Index is constructed.prof
2018
5.Discuss the Theory of multifactorial causation. (2.5)8th sem 2019
6.Describe the theory of Salutogenesis with suitable example
(1.5+1) pre-prof 2020
7.Enumerate various determinants of health. Define positive
health. (1 +1.5) 8th sem 2020
5 marks
1.a) Describe the sufficient-component cause model of disease
causation with an example. (2.5) b) Describe the Iceberg
phenomenon of disease and its application in public health.
(2.5)6th sem 2018
10 marks
1.Define "Health". List the essential elements and principles of
Primary Health Care. Describe "Community needs assessment".
(1+4+2+3)prof 2019
2.a. Explain the stages in natural history of disease using the
example of squamous cell carcinoma of oral cancer.
(3).b.Enumerate various preventive measures to be administered
based on the knowledge of natural history of disease.(4).c. List
any three services provided under the national programme
related to oral cancer (3)pre-prof 2018
3.Describe the Levels of Prevention using suitable examples.
Explain the Modes of Intervention using suitable examples.prof
2018
4.a) Define the following terms-Latent Period and Incubation
period (2) b) Describe the chain of transmission in Infectious
diseases using an example (3) c) Relate the chain of
transmission with various strategies for control of infectious
diseases (3) d) Classify different types of vaccines. List the
advantages and disadvantages of live attenuated vaccines (2)6th
sem 2018
5.Describe the theories of causation with an example. Describe the
concept of natural history of a disease and relate it to prevention
strategies with an example (5+5)pre-prof 2020
Epidemiology and Biostatistics
2.5 marks
1.Name any three measures of obesity and their cut off points to
classify obesity.prof 2019
2.Enumerate any five criteria of disease causation.prof 2019
3.Enumerate possible biases in Case-Control study.prof 2019
4.Give an account of sampling in short.prof 2019
5.Define lead time. Mention its relevance in screening for
diseasespre-prof 2018
6.Define outbreak. Differentiate it from epidemic and
pandemic.pre-prof 2018
7.Differentiate the terms rate and ratio using examplepre-prof 2018
8.Differentiate between incidence and prevalence using
examples.prof 2018
9.Define the terms 'Epidemic". "Endemic" and "Pandemicprof 2018
10. What is screening? Mention types of screening.prof 2018
11. List the different measures of disease prognosis used in
Epidemiology. Briefly discuss uses and advantages for at least
one of those measures. (1+1.5)6th sem 2018
12. Define Incidence and prevalence. Mention at least one
application for each (1+1.5)8th sem 2019
13. Briefly describe the methods of prevention of bias in
epidemiological studiespre-prof 2020
14. Enlist and describe any of the five non-parametric tests prof
2020
15. Elucidate on the ecological fallacy with an example.prof 2020
16. Enumerate the measures of validity of the Screening Test.prof
2020
17. Enumerate the measures of disability,prof 2020
18. Enumerate the various Disability indicators. Briefly describe
DALY. (1+1.5)8th sem 2020
5 marks
1.Define evidence pyramid in epidemiological research. Discuss
why RCT is placed higher in the evidence hierarchy, with
emphasis on methodological strength.prof 2019
2.Classify various sampling techniques used in community-based
surveys. Discuss the steps followed in systematic random
sampling with example (2+2+1)pre-prof 2018
3.Classify and explain various types of variables captured in field
surveys. Give at least two examples for each (3+2)pre-prof 2018
4.Describe normal curve with a suitable diagram.prof 2018
5.What is incubation period? Explain with the help of a diagram
what is Median Incubation Period.prof 2018
6.Define carriers. Explain different types of carriers using
examples.prof 2018
7.a) Classify epidemiological study designs. (2.5) b) A researcher
wants to evaluate the role of indoor air pollution on
cardiovascular mortality.What study design should be used in
this case? Justify. (2.5)6th sem 2018
8.Define a variable and describe the various types of data
according to the scales of measurement. (1-4)pre-prof 2020
9.Describe the concept of validity and reliability of diagnostic tests
with relevant example. (2.5-2.5)pre-prof 2020
10. Discuss advantages and dis-advantages of Cohort and Case
Control Studies? (2.5-2.5)prof 2020
11. a) Define Randomization and describe its utility in the context
of Randomized clinical trials (2) b) Describe the use of various
levels of blinding in trials with an example (3)8th sem 2020
12. Differentiate between Case-control and Cohort study including
advantages and limitations (5)8th sem 2020
10 marks
1.a. Explain the stages in natural history of disease using the
example of squamous cell carcinoma of oral cancer. (3). b.
Enumerate various preventive measures to be administered
based on the knowledge of natural history of disease. (4). c. List
any three services provided under the national programme
related to oral cancer (3)pre-prof 2018
2.a. Enumerate the types of epidemiological study designs? (5) b.
As a researcher I want to establish the causal association
between steroid use and Mucormycosis among patients
hospitalized for COVID-19 in Nagpur city. Which study design
will you choose and why? Write a brief methodology for the
research question. (5)8th sem 2018
3.Classify study designs. Illustrate using a flow-chart (2) b) A
researcher wants to test a hypothesis that deficient intake of zinc
could increase the risk for cancer.What study design he/she
should choose? Justify. (3)What are the possible blases in the
above study design. Mention some ways to eliminate bias (3)
What effect estimate should be used to assess the association
between Zinc and cancer in the above study design? Describe
the effect estimate and its interpretation? (2)8th sem 2019
4.Describe the sources of health data in India. Enumerate key
health indicators and their use.(5+3+2)prof 2020
5.Elaborate on the study design of Randomized Control Trial with
focus on different biases possible at various steps. Illustrate the
blinding and allocation concealment in RCT with example
(5+2.5+2.5)prof 2020
Epidemiology of Communicable Diseases
2.5 marks
1.Mention the various methods of vector control under
NVBDCP.prof 2019
2.Explain in short, the concept of "Ending Cholera: A Roadmap to
2030"prof 2019
3.Differentiate the terms Latent period and incubation period using
examplepre-prof 2018
4.What is Herd immunity? Explain giving suitable example.pre-prof
2018
5.What are the indices for blood surveys for malaria?pre-prof 2018
6.List the advantages and disadvantages of live attenuated
vaccine.pre-prof 2018
7.Briefly describe interventions that can be planned to reduce
Dengue fever for each level of prevention (2.5)8th sem 2018
8.Enlist the Modes of Transmission for Hepatitis B.prof 2018
9.Define Paucibacillary and Multibacillary leprosy as per NLEP. List
any two indicators to evaluate the program (1.5+1)6th sem 2018
10. Describe the various vector control measures for Dengue
Fever. (2.5)6th sem 2018
11. Discuss the Mass drug administration (MDA) in filariasis
control. Enumerate side effects of MDA (1.5+1)pre-prof 2020
12. Mention the schedule for Yellow fever vaccination in Indiaprof
2020
5 marks
1.Write in brief about the syndromic management of STIs.prof 2019
2.What do you understand by Disease control? What is the
difference between Disease elimination and Disease Control?prof
2019
3.Describe the epidemiology of Measles using the Epidemiological
triad framework. Write briefly on Measles surveillance
(3+2)pre-prof 2018
4.Describe the chain of transmission in infectious disease using an
example. Relate the chain of transmission with various strategies
for control of infectious disease. (2+3)pre-prof 2018
5.a. What is the role of Anti-retroviral therapy in the prevention of
parent-to-child transmission of HIV. (1) b. Define 90-90-90
targets related to HIV. (1) c. Name at least four strategies and
health facilities set up that address the issue of pediatric HIV
(2-1)8th sem 2018
6.What are the risk factors associated with COVID-19 mortality?
Write mechanism and schedule for COVID-19 vaccines used in
Indian settings?prof 2018
7.a) Illustrate the diagnostic algorithm for Tuberculosis in adult TB
suspects (3) b) Describe the treatment and follow-up for new
sputum positive pulmonary Tuberculosis case in an adult
weighing 60kg.6th sem 2018
8.a) As per NACP, how do you stratify each district based on HIV
prevalence? b) Briefly discuss HIV-TB co-ordination at ICTC and
ART centers6th sem 2018
9.Discuss Herd immunity with suitable example, Differentiate the
terms Latent period and incubation period using example.prof 2020
10. a) Describe treatment for P. falciparum Malaria as per
National Drug Policy on Malaria. (3) b) Briefly describe the key
strategies for Malaria control in endemic districts. (2)8th sem 2020
10 marks
1.Draw a schematic diagram of a chain of infections. Write
principles of control of communicable diseases in the context of
each mode of chain of infection taking the example of acute
gastroenteritis.prof 2019
2.What is Polio Endgame Strategy? What are the challenges
peculiar to India in the eradication of polio? (6+4) prof 2020
Epidemiology of Non-Communicable Diseases
2.5 marks
1.Enlist the modifiable risk factors for Coronary Heart Disease.prof
2018
2.Enlist the risk factors for hypertension. Draw a neat diagram on
the Rule of Halves (1+1.5)pre-prof 2020
3.Mention the criteria for diagnosis of type II Diabetes Mellitusprof
2020
4.Describe the Epidemiological Triad for Non-Communicable
diseasesprof 2020
5 marks
1.a) Elaborate on the Total risk approach in the prevention of
cardiovascular disease. (2.5) Enumerate Hub and spoke model
for the intervention in acute cardiovascular disease events
(2.5)8th sem 2019
2.Enumerate lifestyle modification advice to control blood sugar
levels in Diabetes. (5)8th sem 2019
3.Mention the risk factors for hypertension and explain one
preventive measure for three such risk factors. (2+3)prof 2020
10 marks
1.Enumerate the cancers most common cancers in India. What are
the early signs of cancer? Describe in brief the epidemiology of
oral cancer and it’s prevention.pre-prof 2020
2.What are the common causes of blindness in India? Describe
the salient features of "Vision 2020" as implemented in
India.(3+7)prof 2020
3.a) List and describe any two global targets for control of
non-communicable diseases (2) b) What are the strategies for
control of Diabetes under National Program for Prevention and
Control of Non-communicable diseases (2)c) Describe the
criteria for blood sugar control in Diabetes management (2)c) List
and describe various components of self-management in
Diabetes mellitus (4)8th sem 2020
Measurement of Health and Disease and Health Status of the
Country
2.5 marks
1.Enlist and describe morbidity indicators (1+1.5)pre-prof 2020
5 marks
1.Enumerate and describe health indicators (2+3)pre-prof 2020
10 marks
Health Care Delivery System
2.5 marks
1.Enlist the five elements of primary healthcare.prof 2019
2.List the beneficiaries under ICDS. Mention the services provided
to pregnant mother under ICDS. (1+1.5)pre-prof 2018
3.Briefly describe interventions that can be planned to reduce
Dengue fever for each level of prevention (2.5)8th sem 2018
4.Elucidate the organizational structure of the health system in
India. (2.5)pre-prof 2020
5.Enlist the Principles of Primary Health Care. Give a suitable
example for each principle. (1.5+1)pre-prof 2020
6.Write the process followed in selection of ASHAprof 2020
5 marks
1.Describe the composition and role of VHNSC at the village
level.prof 2019
2.What are the eligibility criteria of an ASHA? Describe her roles
and responsibilities in the provision of maternal care.prof 2019
3.Describe three key indicators which explains the quality of
primary care services provided for antenatal care and mention
the sources from where these indicators are derived? (3+2)pre-prof
2018
4.What is an ESI act. Describe the provisions laid under ESI to
access social support in case of emergencies (2-3)pre-prof 2018
5.Describe three tier primary health care system in India. (5)8th sem
2018
6.illustrate the health care delivery system in Urban and rural
areas and describe the population norms for each level (2.5)
Describe the composition and functions of Village Health
Sanitation and Nutrition committee (2.5)8th sem 2019
7.Describe eligibility for ASHA's and their responsibilities under the
National Health Missionpre-prof 2020
8.What services will be provided at the Community Health Centre
level according to public health standards?pre-prof 2020
9.Describe the Functions of a sub-centre covered under
RMNCH+Aprof 2020
10. What is the role of ASHAs in delivering health care services?
(2.5)8th sem 2020
10 marks
1.Define "Health". List the essential elements and principles of
Primary Health Care. Describe "Community needs assessment".
(1+4+2+3)prof 2019
2.Mention the principles of Primary Health Care. Explain the
functions of Primary health centre. (5+5)pre-prof 2018
Social and Behavioural Determinants of Health and Disease
2.5 marks
1.Enumerate the pathways of gender influencing health. (2.5)8th
sem 2018
2.List the functions of the family. Describe any two with an
example (1-1.5)8th sem 2019
3.You are a medical officer posted at a Rural PHC. Giving
consultation to patients attending general OPD is part of your
responsibility Enumerate how gender determines health by
giving examples from the patients you see daily at OPD, (2.5)8th
sem 2019
5 marks
1.Enlist physical, mental and social challenges faced by elderly.
Discuss regarding possible solutions for these challenges.prof 2019
2.Identify various social factors associated with undernutrition
among children. Classify these factors based on any one of the
social determinants of health framework (2+3)pre-prof 2018
3.Mention various theories of motivation. Explain Maslow's
Hierarchy of human needs in detail. (2+3)pre-prof 2018
4.Identify the social factors associated with health and disease.
Explain the role of family in Child Rearing.prof 2018
5.Describe the role of gender on health status.pre-prof 2020
10 marks
1.Discuss the nutritional needs of elderly. What are the common
health problems widely present among geriatric age group in
India. Describe the specific health services and social security
measures targeted among elderly (2+2+6)pre-prof 2018
Behavioural Change Communication
2.5 marks
1.List any four legal measures implemented to control tobacco sale
and promotionpre-prof 2018
2.Describe the interventions at different level based on
transtheoretical model of behavior change with an example.
(2.5)8th sem 2018
5 marks
1.List various stages of behavior change communication. Explain
these stages using an example of quit tobacco initiative
(3+2)pre-prof 2018
2.List the barriers of communication. Explain the term
"counselling".prof 2018
10 marks
Nutrition
2.5 marks
1.List the tests conducted for testing adulteration in milk and write
their interpretation.prof 2019
2.Give at least three examples for millets used in Indian settings.
Mention two reasons for their public health importanceprof 2018
3.Enumerate methods of diet survey. Mention at least one
advantage and disadvantage of each method.(1+1.5)pre-prof 2020
4.List the various public health approaches adapted in prevention
of lodine deficiency disordersprof 2020
5 marks
1.What is the "6 x 6 x 6 strategy under Anemia Mukt Bharat?prof
2019
2.Identify various social factors associated with undernutrition
among children. Classify these factors based on any one of the
social determinants of health framework (2+3)pre-prof 2018
3.List fat soluble vitamins and the diseases caused by their
deficiency. What is Vitamin A prophylaxis programme?
(3+2)pre-prof 2018
4.a. What are the approaches used in the field to identify obesity?
(1) b. Classify obesity based on cut off suggested by WHO and
compare the categories with cut-offs by the obesity consensus
forum for the South Asian population? (2) Discuss the rationale
for using different cut off for the South Asian Population? (2)8th
sem 2018
5.What is Nutritional Surveillance? Enumerate the indicators of
Nutritional Status.prof 2018
6.What is neuro-lathyrism? Mention the clinical features and
interventions for control of the problem.pre-prof 2020
7.Mention in brief the features of lathyrism. Discuss the measures
to prevent the occurrence of lathyrism (2+3)prof 2020
8.Identify the determinants of undernutrition among children.
Enumerate and discuss the measures of Undernutrition.prof 2020
10 marks
1.Differentiate between Kwashiorkor and Marasmus. What is the
criteria for screening Severe Acute Malnutrition and how is it
managed? What are the services provided at Nutritional
Rehabilitation Center (NRC), list the criteria for admission and
discharge at NRC? (2+3+5)prof 2019
2.Discuss the nutritional needs of elderly. What are the common
health problems widely present among geriatric age group in
India. Describe the specific health services and social security
measures targeted among elderly (2+2+6)pre-prof 2018
Environmental Health
2.5 marks
1.List the color coding of bags used to dispose Biomedical waste
and the waste category disposed in each colored bag.prof 2019
2.What is break point chlorination. Discuss its use in the field of
public healthpre-prof 2018
3.Discuss the uses of bleaching powder in public health.prof 2018
5 marks
1.Define "Accident". Classify accidents, mention the causes of
Road traffic accidents and approaches of prevention.prof 2019
2.Enlist the methods of refuse disposal and explain any one in
detail.prof 2019
3.Describe Haddon's matrix: the model for explaining the
epidemiology of accidents.pre-prof 2018
4.Elucidate Air Quality Index. Discuss the sources of air pollution
and ways to control it in India.(1.5+1.5+2)prof 2020
10 marks
1.Describe the process of climate change and its implications.
Comment on the rising Air quality index in the capital of country
(5+5)pre-prof 2020
Occupational Health
2.5 marks
5 marks
1.Define "Accident". Classify accidents, mention the causes of
Road traffic accidents and approaches of prevention.prof 2019
2.Define Pneumoconiosis. Explain the various measures for the
prevention of occupational diseases.prof 2019
3.Describe Haddon's matrix: the model for explaining the
epidemiology of accidents.pre-prof 2018
4.List the various pneumoconiosis.
5.What is Employees State Insurance Act (ESI)? List the various
medical benefit under this act.prof 2018
6.Enlist the common occupational exposures leading to cancer.
Enlist the legislations and policies to promote occupational
health (1.5+1)pre-prof 2020
7.Describe ESI Act. Discuss the provisions laid under ESI to
access social support in case of emergencies. (2+3)prof 2020
10 marks
Disaster Management
2.5 marks
5 marks
1.Describe the Disaster management cycle. Describe disaster
response with an example (3+2)pre-prof 2020
10 marks
1.Draw a schematic diagram of the disaster cycle. Give an account
of the role of public health in the disaster cycle. Discuss in detail
about the disaster preparedness with respect to chemical.
biological, radiological and nuclear disasters.prof 2019
2.Enlist Natural Hazards or Disasters. Explain the terms Triage'
and 'Disaster Mitigation" in Disaster Management.prof 2018
Mental Health
2.5 marks
5 marks
1.What are the characteristics of a mentally healthy person?
Explain causes of mental ill-health.prof 2018
2.Discuss the Epidemiology of Major mental disorders-Depression,
Smoking and Alcohol addiction with focus on the preventive
strategies (3+2)pre-prof 2020
10 marks
Health Care of Special Groups
2.5 marks
1.Describe the physical, emotional and social challenges faced by
the adolescents. (2.5)pre-prof 2020
5 marks
1.Enumerate the health challenges faced by adolescent. Discuss
the national programs dealing with Adolescent health in India.prof
2020
10 marks
Reproductive and Child Health and maternal health
2.5 marks
1.Enlist components of "GATHER" approach for contraceptive
counselling.prof 2019
2.Explain the "Three delay model" for examining maternal
death.prof 2019
3.List the beneficiaries under ICDS. Mention the services provided
to pregnant mother under ICDS. (1+1.5)pre-prof 2018
4.Discuss causes and prevention of neonatal mortality. (5)8th sem
2018
5.Enlist any five roles and responsibilities of ASHAprof 2018
6.Write the steps followed in assessment of dehydration among
under-5 children.prof 2018
7.Mention at least five contraceptive spacing methods with one
indication for each.prof 2018
8.What is Exclusive Breastfeeding. Describe the advantages of
Exclusive Breastfeeding for the mother and infant.prof 2018
9.List the various danger signs as per IMNCI. What is the
recommended treatment for a 3-year-old child with severe
Pneumonia? (1+1.5)6th sem 2018
10. Define perinatal mortality. Enlist the causes of perinatal
mortality (1+1.5)pre-prof 2020
11. Enumerate the various beneficiaries under Anganwadiprof 2020
12. What are the components of Baby Friendly Hospital
Initiatives? (2.5)8th sem 2020
5 marks
1.What is the "6 x 6 x 6 strategy under Anemia Mukt Bharat?prof
2019
2.Write a note on IMNCI under the said headings- Illness covered,
approaches and steps in management.prof 2019
3.Write in brief about the syndromic management of STIs.prof 2019
4.What are the eligibility criteria of an ASHA? Describe her roles
and responsibilities in the provision of maternal care.prof 2019
5.Write a short note on the care of newborns. Discuss in short, the
program for newborn care.prof 2019
6.Describe three key indicators which explains the quality of
primary care services provided for antenatal care and mention
the sources from where these indicators are derived? (3+2)pre-prof
2018
7.What is the current neonatal mortality rate and its target under
Lydia Newbom action plan?Use the causes of neonatal deaths in
India. (1)Describe in brief the interventions for Immediate
Newborn care and home-based postnatal care (4)8th sem 2019
8.What is Kangaroo care? What are the advantages of Kangaroo
Care?pre-prof 2020
9.Describe the strategies followed in control of neonatal Tetanus in
Indiaprof 2020
10. Write the criteria for eligible beneficiaries and benefit under
Janani Suraksha Yojana(JSY) .Discuss the impact of JSY in
maternal health.prof 2020
11. a) What are the various syndromes identified for management
under the STI control program (2) b) Discuss any one syndrome
in detail (3)8th sem 2020
10 marks
1.Discuss the determinants of maternal mortality in India? Mention
various initiatives in India addressing the issue. (5+5)pre-prof 2018
2.Explain the role of Diet in Antenatal Care. Describe the services
provided for Antenatal Care by the Health Care Delivery System
in our country.prof 2018
3.a) A one-year-old child was brought to the sub-centre with a
history of passing watery stool every 2-3 hours, restless with a
dry mouth & sunken eye. How do the health workers assess,
classify and manage the case? What advice should be given to
the mother to prevent future episodes?pre-prof 2020
Health Planning and Management
2.5 marks
1.Explain in short, the concept of "Ending Cholera: A Roadmap to
2030"prof 2019
2.Differentiate between cost benefit and cost effectiveness
analysis?pre-prof 2018
3.a. What is the current Maternal Mortality ratio of India? (1). b. List
the reliable sources of data for the following-
a. MMR b. Prevalence of anemia in pregnant mothers.
c. list of districts with Dengue outbreak (1.5)8th sem 2018
4.Define the technique of Management by objectiveprof 2020
5.Enlist and describe briefly the Sustainable Developmental
Goals.prof 2020
5 marks
1.Enumerate the different steps of Planning cycle.pre-prof 2018
2.What is Health Management? Describe anyone method based
on concept of Network Analysis.prof 2018
3.a) Elaborate on the Total risk approach in the prevention of
cardiovascular disease. (2.5) Enumerate Hub and spoke model
for the intervention in acute cardiovascular disease events
(2.5)8th sem 2019
4.Explain the stages of the planning cycle with a diagram.pre-prof
2020
5.List the steps of health Planning cycle. Discuss the factors
influencing prioritization of health issues and strategies. (3+2)prof
2020
10 marks
1.a. Explain the stages in natural history of disease using the
example of squamous cell carcinoma of oral cancer. (3). b.
Enumerate various preventive measures to be administered
based on the knowledge of natural history of disease. (4). c. List
any three services provided under the national programme
related to oral cancer (3)pre-prof 2018
2.Describe the sources of health data in India. Enumerate key
health indicators and their use.(5+3+2)prof 2020
National health programs
2.5 marks
1.What are the common causes of Blindness in India? Write a note
on School Eye Health Services.prof 2018
5 marks
1.List fat soluble vitamins and the diseases caused by their
deficiency. What is Vitamin A prophylaxis programme?
(3+2)pre-prof 2018
2.a. What is the role of Anti-retroviral therapy in the prevention of
parent-to-child transmission of HIV. (1) b. Define 90-90-90
targets related to HIV. (1) c. Name at least four strategies and
health facilities set up that address the issue of pediatric HIV
(2-1)8th sem 2018
10 marks
1.Discuss the determinants of maternal mortality in India? Mention
various initiatives in India addressing the issue. (5+5)pre-prof 2018
2.Mention the objectives of National Tuberculosis (TB) Elimination
Programme (NTΕΡ). Draw and explain the organization structure
for delivering TB related health services in India. Write a note on
management ofłrug Resistant TB.prof 2018
