SYSTEMS

OF
KINSHIP
Tabula Rasa
QUOTATIO
N
TIME!!!!!
SYLLABU
S

This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC.

Family, Household, Marriage.

Types and Forms of Family.

Lineage and Descent.

Patriarchy and Sexual Division of Labour.

Contemporary trends.

Lineage and Descent in India.

Types of Kinship Systems.

Family and Marriage in India.

Household Dimensions of Family.

WHAT IS
KINSHIP
?

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• Kinship is defined as a
"system of social
organization founded on real
or putative family ties" .
• In sociology, kinship is more
than just family ties; kinship
is one of the most essential
organizing components of
society. This social institution
connects and establishes
relationships between people
and groups.
There are two types of
family ties:
• Those founded on
bloodline descent.
• Those formed through
marriage, adoption, or
other means
There are three types of
kinship-
• Consanguineal kinship:
This type of kinship is
founded on blood or birth.
Some instances include
parent-child relationships
and sibling relationships. This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.
• Affinal: This is a
marriage-based
relationship. A basic
type of kinship is the
relationship between a
husband and wife.
• Social: According to David
Murray Schneider, not all
family is based on blood
(consanguineal) or marriage
(affinal). There are also social
kinships, in which individuals
who are not related by birth or
marriage may have a kinship
connection, he explained.
Kinship, at its most basic,
pertains to:
• Descent: The socially
recognized biological
relationships that occur
between individuals in
society. Every society
considers the reality that all
offspring and children are
descended from their parents,
as well as the existence of
biological relationships
between parents and children.
• Lineage: Lineage is the
process of tracing one's
ancestors. It is a line from
which descent is tracked.
This is also known as
lineage.
Role of kinship in society:
• Kinship maintains relationship
unity, harmony, and collaboration.
• It establishes guidelines for
interpersonal dialogue and
interaction.
• It defines family and marital rights
and responsibilities, as well as the
system of political power in rural or
tribal societies, including among
members who are not connected by
blood or marriage.
• Aids people in better
understanding their
interactions with one
another.
• Aids people in better
relating to one another in
society.
 F A M I L Y ,
H O U S E H O L D ,
M A R R I A G E
Family
• The 'family' been described as a
social group based on marital
relationships, parental rights and
responsibilities, shared
habitation, and reciprocal
relationships between parents
and children.
• According to some sociologists,
the family is a social group
defined by shared residence,
economic cooperation, and
reproduction. The term "family"
alludes to the primary group
consisting of the husband-wife
unit (parents) and their children.
The size of the family is inevitably limited as
a primary group. It is the most basic social
entity.

The family serves as the foundation for all

other social groups. Family units form the
foundation of the entire social system.

The family creates an environment that

trains and educates the kid. It moulds the
personalities and character of its members.

Each family member has specific roles,

duties, and obligations.
• According to Burgess
and Lock, the family is a
group of people united
by marriage, blood, or
adoption who interact
with each other in their
various social roles of
husband and wife,
mother and father,
brother and sister, and
so on, forming a shared
culture.
• According to the
functionalist viewpoint, the
family performs important tasks
that contribute to society’s
basic needs and aid in the
maintenance of social order.
• It could be seen in the
traditional Indian Varna system,
where existence was divided
into four Astramas and its
activities into four
Purusharthas, namely
Dharma, Artha, Kama, and
Moksh.
• According to Malinowski,
the family is the structure
through which a society's
cultural traditions are
passed down to the next
generation. This essential
function could not be
fulfilled unless the
relationships with parents
and children were mutually
authoritative and respectful.
• Families, according to Talcott
Parsons, are factories that
create human personalities.
According to him, the family's
two primary roles are Primary
socialization and Personality
stabilization.
• According to Engels, families
shift in response to changes
in the mode of production.
There was no family and
promiscuity prevailed when
models of the products were
communally owned.
• Katleen Gough observes that
man's closest relatives,
chimps, live in promiscuous
herds, which may have been
the paradigm of early man.
• Family, according to
feminists, is seen as a unit
that produces one of the
basic commodities of
capitalism, which is labor.
Capitalists save money
because they do not have to
pay for the production of
offspring or their upkeep.
The woman received no
compensation for having
and raising children.
• Feminists have raised
awareness of the unequal
power dynamics that exist
within many families. The
phenomenon of domestic
violence has gotten
increased attention as a
consequence of this.
• They think that in most societies,
there are varied and multi-cultural
kinds of families in which
members are free to make their
own life choices regarding how,
what, and where they live, work,
and socialize within society.
• Pluralism, democracy, religious
freedom, consumerism, mobility,
and increased access to news
and entertainment, according to
Zietlin, influence the postmodern
world.
 TYPES
AND
FORMS
OF
FA M I LY
Different scholars classify families
in various ways:
• Families are classified based on
their marital status:
1. Monogamous family: In this
type of family, a male marries
only one woman at a time.
2. Polygamous family: A man
marries several ladies in this
type of family.
3. Polyandrous family: A woman
in this family marries several
males.
• Families are classified
based on where they
reside:
• Matrilocal family: In this
type of family, the
husband resides in the
wife's home.
• Patrilocal family: In this
type of family, the wife
resides in the husband's
home.
Families are classified according
to their line of descent:
• Matrilineal families: These are
those in which women are
regarded the ancestors of the
family and the mother is the
line of descent.
• Patrilineal family: Men are
thought to pass on the
ancestry in this type of family.
Families are classified according to their
level of power:
• Matriarchal families: They have the
mother as the head of the household.
The mother makes family choices, and
the husband is her subordinate. Only
female offspring inherit the mother's
property.
• Patriarchal family: The head of the
family is a man in this type of family.
Everyone else is beneath them. The
wife moves out of her parents' home to
reside with her husband.
Families are classified according to their
structure:
• Nuclear families- It consist of a
husband, his wife, and their offspring.
• Small extended family: This type of
family includes grandparents, parents,
and offspring. It consists of two
nuclear households.
• Huge extended family: This type of
family has a large number of
members. A grandfather with
numerous wives, married and
unmarried offspring, and unmarried
grandchildren.
Families are classified based
on blood connections as
follows:
• Conjugal family: In this type
of family, spouses reside
with their children and
married relatives.
• Consanguine family: Blood
relatives reside together
with their spouses and
children in this type of
family.