ANGEL

Ver. 4.52

User’s Manual

Koji NIITA
*
Chapter 1

Introduction of ANGEL

1.1 What is ANGEL ?

AN GE L is a software to draw fine graphs from simple input file. This expression is a bit inaccurate. AN GE L does
not draw graphs, but only creates EPS (Enhanced PostScript) files from input file. Namely, AN GE L is a translator
from Angel language to PostScript language.

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♠ PostScript: 1
PS (PostScript) is a programming language optimized for printing graphics and text introduced by Adobe in
1985. In the jargon of the day, it is a page description language. It sounds very difficut but PS has close relation
with Macintosh (Mac), since PS firstly appeared in the Apple LaserWriter. However, no one of Mac user knows
what PS file is. PS is a good feature in Mac, but it gets into trouble when I give them PS files. They do not
know how to print PS files.
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' $

♠ PostScript: 2
It is a very nice feature that PS is a programming language written in ascii. By virtue of this, we can read PS file
like Fortran program, and understand how PS describes images and text in a device independent manner. If we
know the grammar of the PS language, anyone can write PS file directly. Furthermore, PS file can be brought
to any machine and can be used on any PS printers without modification like TEXand LATEX.
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1
2 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION OF ANGEL

1.2 ANGEL Langauge

When we want to plot a graph, we already have a data including results by calculation or experiment. In the general
cases, such results are complosed of a couple of data like (x,y), or 3D data array, or multi-values with error bars.
We want to see such results immediately on graph. And if these results look like good, we want to make the graph
fine for paper. AN GE L enables realizing the procedure of graph in an easy way. You put some commands into your
data file, AN GE L interprets the commands and data and creates PS file.
The structures of the commands and data have to follow the Angel language. This is similar to TEX and LATEX.
What you need only is a text editor for handling AN GE L . You do not need to know how to use TEX and LATEX, but
these can help you using AN GE L , since AN GE L includes the same format for equation and tabular as in TEX and
LATEX. So initial barrier is a little bit high for people who have never used TEX and LATEX, particularly for Mac
users.
An advantage of AN GE L will appear in data processing of your calculations or experimental data. If you put
some AN GE L commands into your output of the calculations or experimental data, you can check them immediately
on graph without any additional procedure or any other software only through AN GE L .

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♠ PostScript: 3
It is hard to make program to show graphs on PC screen or to print them on various printers, since we have
to know how to control screens or printers depending on the type of OS and printers. However, if we use
PostScript language, it is enough to write only a scenario for graph. Also, Fortran language is enough to write
a scenario. Indeed, AN GE L program is written in Fortran. The scenario is played by an interpreter installed in
PS printer. In your PC, you can use Ghostscript and GSview to play the scenario on the screen as a strolling
player.
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' $

♣ the origin of “AN GE L ”

The interface of AN GE L has been made for tracing the interface of SATAN which is a graphic package of main
frame of GSI. For six years, I used the SATAN system, and I put SATAN commands into all of my output of
simulation codes so as to see the results on PC screen. After I came back to Japan in 1990, I looked for a graphic
package as good as SATAN. But I could not find it. Then I started to make AN GE L by myself.
Since SATAN was a very nice system, people appeared one after another, who took it back without permission.
GSI announced that copy of SATAN is forbidden. Against it, a bad guy brought it to Texas and named it
“YAHWEH” fearlessly. Since I am a scientist who has reverence for God, I made the program in Fortran by
myself and named it “AN GE L ”. Angel and Satan are brother each other.
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1.3. TUTORIAL EXAMPLE 1 3

1.3 Tutorial example 1

Let us start from the most popular case where we have a couple of data (x,y) type. When you want to plot one
dimensional graph from (x,y) data by taking the first column as x-axis and the second one as y-axis, it is enough
to insert one line of AN GE L command before the date as follows 1 ,

List1.1 • Input of tutorial example 1

1: H: X Y <-------- Insert
2: 0.5 10
3: 3 40
4: 5 20
5: 7 60
6: 9 30

The first line, “ H: X Y ”, is a command line of AN GE L which makes one dimensional plot according to
the following lines which include two data, the first column is x data and the second one is y data. AN GE L processes
this file and creates an EPS file, which is shown bellow, where the size of paper is A4 in default.

File = fig101.ang Date = 15:04 04-Jul-2003

60

40
Y

20

0
0 2 4 6 8
X

Figure 1.1: Tutorial example 1

Only by List 1.1, you can get the above graph in which AN GE L automatically determines the scale of x and y
axis, number, text and margin by the default.

1 In the case of data list or prgram list, we put the line number on the head of line.
4 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION OF ANGEL

1.4 Tutorial example 2

Next example includes every important elements for minimum usage of AN GE L . If you have no time to have a read
the following manual through, it is enough to learn this example for starting AN GE L . We show an input file and
output graph in the following.

List1.2 • Input of tutorial example 2

1: ’Figure 2’ --- (1)
2: X: E (MeV) --- (2)
3: Y: d\sigma/d\OmegadE (nb/MeV/sr) --- (3)
4: W:Comment = ˆ{12}C + ˆ{40}Ca/ X(1) Y(65) --- (4)
5: A: X(4.3) Y(65) AX(5.5) AY(53) --- (5)
6: AW:Arrow/ X(4.5) Y(23) AX(4) AY(10) --- (6)
7: H: X Y(Histogram),DH0 --- (7)
8: 0.0 0
9: 0.5 10
10: 1.5 20
11: 2.5 35
12: 3.5 30
13: 4.5 45
14: 5.5 70
15: 6.5 0
16: H: X Y(Spline),SL5 --- (8)
17: 0.5 40
18: 4 10
19: 6 20
20: 7 60
21: H: X DX Y(Error bar),N3 D --- (9)
22: 2 1 50 10

File = fig102.ang Date = 15:04 04-Jul-2003

Figure 2

Comment =12C +40Ca

dσ/dΩdE (nb/MeV/sr)

60

Histogram
40 Spline
Error bar
Arrow
20

0
0 2 4 6
E (MeV)

Figure 1.2: Tutorial example 2

1.4. TUTORIAL EXAMPLE 2 5

You can see a high quality image produced from a simple input by AN GE L . First, let me explain the points
denoted by number in right-hand side of input lines in List 1.2.

(1) Title of graph ’ ’

The title of graph is specified between ’ ’. This is shown in the middle upside the graph frame. The title
can be removed and moved to horizontal direction by the parameter.

(2) Title of X axis X:

The title of X axis is defined by the line started from X: . You can use italic, bold, special characters, and
other various expression of the characters in the title and also in any line of string.
(3) Title of Y axis Y:
The title of Y axis is defned by the line started from Y: .

(4) Comment W:
The comment in the figure is defined by the line started from W: . The strings from W: to / are shown
in the figure at the point specified by X( ) Y( ) as a comment.
(5) Arrow A:
The arrow in the figure is defined by the line started from A: . The start and end points of the arrow are
specified by X( ) Y( ) and AX( ) AY( ) , respectively.
(6) Arrow with Comment AW:
This is a combination of arrow and comment. The strings from AW: to / are shown in the figure at the
point sepecified by X( ) Y( ) and the arrow is described to AX( ) AY( ) .

In the following sections, we will explain another parameters which define the more detail of the above objects.
Next, we explain the basic section in AN GE L , H: , which defines the x-y graph. There are three H: sections
(7), (8) and (9) in this example. The main purpose of this line of H: is to define the ordering of the following
columns. As shown in the previous example, if the numerical data consist of x-value and y-value columns, we
should write H: X Y . By this line, we can additionally define line type, symbol type, color, and legend.
The strings in the parenthesis after Y like Y(Histogram),DH0 are automatically shown in the right hand
side of the graph frame as legends. The strings after the comma define the line type (D = Dashed Line, L = Solid
Line, N = No Line), spline (S = Spline), histogram (H = Histogram), and symbol type (0 = No Symbol, 3 = Open
Circle).
In the last section of (9), there are columns defined by DX, D . These define the error bars. DX defines the
error bar of the X column, D defines the error bar of the Y column just before. In default, the value of the error
is the same values around the y-value. It is explicitly expressed by D+- . If you want to define the different error
values upper and lower values around the y-value, you should define those by different columns like D+ D- .
In AN GE L , we call ’section’ the part of the input file starting from alphbet characters with colon : like
AW: H: .
Chapter 2

Reference Manual

2.1 How to start Angel

AN GE L can be used on various operation systems, such as Windows, UNIX and Mac. In the package, we included
the source files and executable file. AN GE L is coded by the Fortran77. The AN GE L code can be compiled by
almost Fortran77 software on various operation systems.

2.1.1 Starting parameters

You only need executable file to run AN GE L . Without the shell script or batch file, which will be explained latter,
you can use AN GE L .
We first explain the parameters in starting AN GE L . When you want to run AN GE L without any parameters, you
have to the following messages in normal output.

List1.3 • ANGEL starting message

1: > angel_c
2: >
3: > ANGEL (R) Graphic Program Version 4.00
4: > Copyright (C) Koji NIITA 1993-2002. All rights reserved.
5: >

In this moment, AN GE L is waiting for the input parameters from normal input. Then you should write file name
and page numbers to be processed and output EPS file name in a line. These parameters should be separated by at
least one blank. After you put Enter, AN GE L starts processing and creats an EPS file.
The format of the starting parameters is the following,

input filename [ -f n1 ] [ -t n2 ] [ -o output filename ] [ -a ] [ -v12 ] [ -exp ]

where the parameters with [ ] are omissible. At least, the input file name is necessary. The ordering of these
parameters is free as far as these are separated by blank.

6
2.1. HOW TO START ANGEL 7

The meaning of each parameter is

parameter explanation
input filename Input file name processed by AN GE L .
The first page to be processed n1 .
-f n1 Without this, AN GE L processes from the first page.
The last page to be processed n2 .
-t n2 Without this AN GE L processes up to the last page.
Output EPS file name. Without this, AN GE L make a file with the same
-o output filename
name as the input file name except for the extension, changed to be EPS.
By this parameter, AN GE L make a shell file which includes the informa-
-a tion whether orientation of figure is portrait or landscape for Ghostview.
The name of the shell file is angelbat. It is only for UNIX users.
By this parameter, AN GE L translates the input file for AN GE L ver.2 or
before to the input file for the present version, since after ver.3 the for-
-v12 mat of special characters is changed completely. AN GE L makes a new
input file with changeing the extention name to be ’an2’, and processes
this file.
By this parameter, if the input file includes the inclusion file description,
-exp AN GE L makes a new input file which include all data unfolded from the
inclusion file, with different extension name ’new’.

Table 2.1: starting parameters

2.1.2 Starting shell and batch file

For convenient use of AN GE L , you can use a shell script or batch file. In the following, we show examples of batch
file for Windows and starting shell for UNIX.

List1.4 • batch file for Windows

1: @echo off
2: if "%1"=="" goto man
3: goto start
4: :man
5: echo ANGEL (R) Graphic Program Version 4.00
6: echo Copyright (C) Koji NIITA 1993-2002. All rights reserved.
7: echo usage:
8: echo angel4 INPUT [-a] [-f N1] [-t N2] [-o OUTPUT] [-v12] [-exp]
9: echo -----------------------------------------------------------
10: echo INPUT : input file name
11: echo N1 : first page
12: echo N2 : terminate page
13: echo OUTPUT : output file name
14: goto end
15: :start
16: if exist error.ang del error.ang
17: echo %1 %2 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9 > input.ang
18: c:\angel\angel_c.exe < input.ang
19: del input.ang
20: :end

Without any parameters, this batch file only shows the name of program, copyright and short explanation of starting
8 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

parameters. In the above batch file,

error.ang deleted at the 16th line is an output file for error message. If there exists old
error.ang file, this batch deletes the file. At the 17th line, the batch writes the starting parameters, maximum 9
parameters, on the file input.ang. In the next line, the batch redirects this file into AN GE L . In the above example,
the path of AN GE L executable file is c:\angel. You can change this path according to your environment. After
AN GE L processing, the file of input.ang is deleted.
The shell file for UNIX is almost the same as in Windows, except for -a parameter.

List1.5 • starting shell file for UNIX

1: #!/bin/sh
2: if [ "$1" = "" ]
3: then
4: echo ’ANGEL (R) Graphic Program Version 4.00’
5: echo ’Copyright (C) Koji NIITA 1993-2002 All rights reserved.’
6: echo ’usage:’
7: echo ’ angel4 INPUT [-a] [-f N1] [-t N2] [-o OUTPUT] [-v12] [-exp]’
8: echo ’ -----------------------------------------------------------’
9: echo ’ INPUT : input file name’
10: echo ’ N1 : first page’
11: echo ’ N2 : terminate page’
12: echo ’ OUTPUT : output file name’
13: exit
14: fi
15: if [ -r error.ang ]
16: then
17: rm error.ang
18: fi
19: if [ -r angelbat ]
20: then
21: rm angelbat
22: fi
23: echo $1 $2 $3 $4 $5 $6 $7 $8 $9 > input.ang
24: angel_c < input.ang
25: rm input.ang
26: if [ -r error.ang ]
27: then
28: if [ -r angelbat ]
29: then
30: rm angelbat
31: fi
32: exit
33: else
34: if [ -r angelbat ]
35: then
36: . angelbat
37: fi
38: fi

Up to the 25th line, the above shell is the same as that for Windows. After checking an error, this shell start another
shell angelbat created by AN GE L , in which you can set up Ghostview configuration to show EPS file.
2.1. HOW TO START ANGEL 9

2.1.3 Starting shell for Ghostview

If you specify -a in the starting parameter, AN GE L makes a file of angelbat. In AN GE L , you can select an
orientation of A4 paper, Landscape or Portrait. According to the orientation of the paper, you can start Ghostview
to show EPS file by making use of angelbat.
angelbat is very simple as,

List1.6 • angelbat for Landscape

1: angel-gs output filename >/dev/null &
2: rm angelbat

List1.7 • angelbat for Portrait

1: angel-gp output filename >/dev/null &
2: rm angelbat

You should prepare the shell of angel-gs for Landscape and angel-gp for Portrait, respectively. An example is
shown below,

List1.8 • angel-gs
1: #!/bin/sh
2: if [ "$1" = "" ]
3: then
4: exit
5: fi
6: ghostview -fg black -bg white -a4 -magstep 1 -landscape $1 -display myscreen &

List1.9 • angel-gp
1: #!/bin/sh
2: if [ "$1" = "" ]
3: then
4: exit
5: fi
6: ghostview -fg black -bg white -a4 -magstep 1 $1 -display myscreen &

The difference between these two shells is only -landscape in angel-gs. You can modify -magstep and other
parameters as you like. It is convenient to put IP address where you want to show a graph.

2.1.4 Output of error message

If AN GE L found an error in processing input file, AN GE L makes error.ang file where the error messages are included.
The name of this file error.ang cannot be changed.
10 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.1.5 Source files

The list of AN GE L source and include files is shown as follow. These files should be put together in a same directory.
AN GE L is coded by the Fortran77. The AN GE L code can be compiled by almost Fortran77 software on various
operation systems.

a-alone.f a-main0.f a-main1.f a-hsect.f a-line.f a-func.f a-utl00.f

a-wtext.f mdp-uni.f

You can modify the source file but it is forbidden to modified version or the executable file with the same name
as AN GE L . It is also forbidden to use some parts of source code in the other software without permission.

2.1.6 Include file

To compile above source files, you need two include files, angel00.inc and angel01.inc
In angel00.inc, we define the size of hole array used in AN GE L by mdas. The value of mdas in default is
5000000. If you want to process huge number of points or if your machine does not have enough memory, please
change this value and compile again.

List1.10 • angel00.inc
1: ************************************************************************
2: * *
3: * angel00.inc *
4: * *
5: ************************************************************************
6:
7: *-----------------------------------------------------------------------
8:
9: parameter ( mdas = 5000000 )
10:
11: common /mdasa/ das( mdas )
12: common /mdasb/ mmmax
13:
14: *-----------------------------------------------------------------------

In angel01.inc, we define some parameters for maximum column number, maximum comment number and
so on. You can change these parameters for special cases.

List1.11 • angel01.inc
1: ************************************************************************
2: * *
3: * angel01.inc *
4: * *
5: ************************************************************************
6:
7: *-----------------------------------------------------------------------
8:
9: parameter ( mh = 30 )
10: * max column terms in one h: section
11:
12: parameter ( mfc = 100 )
13: * mfc : max number of constant
14: * and max terms of equation
15:
2.1. HOW TO START ANGEL 11

16: *-----------------------------------------------------------------------
17:
18: parameter ( icolm = 200 )
19: * icolm : max column number, should be less than ichrl
20:
21: parameter ( ichrl = 2048 )
22: * ichrl : length of character for dimension
23: * and max column number for ps file
24:
25: *-----------------------------------------------------------------------
26:
27: parameter ( inig = 500 )
28: * inig : length of character for dimension
29:
30: parameter ( mc = 500 )
31: * mc : max number of line comments (total)
32: * max number of arrows
33: * max number of multi records
34:
35: parameter ( numtic = 1000 )
36: * numtic : max number of tic number
37:
38: parameter ( ipsm = 100 )
39: * max number of include ps file in one graph
40:
41: parameter ( nr = 50 )
42: parameter ( nc = 50 )
43:
44: * nr: maxmum number of row in one table
45: * nc: maxmum number of column in one table
46:
47: *-----------------------------------------------------------------------
48:
49: parameter ( r0max = 1.0d+40, r1max = 1.0d+41 )
50: * max real number
51:
52: parameter ( r9max = 1.0d+39 )
53: parameter ( r9min = 1.0d-39 )
54:
55: parameter ( pi = 3.1415926535898d0 )
56:
57: *-----------------------------------------------------------------------
58:
59: parameter (jol=18)
60: * output temporary file of lines
61: parameter (jil=19)
62: * output temporary file of region line
63: parameter (jhc=20)
64: * output temporary file of 3D color plot
65: parameter (jhl=21)
66: * output temporary file of 3D cluster plot
67: parameter (jer=22)
68: * for error message
69: parameter (jps=23)
70: * input ps file
71: parameter (jab=24)
72: * angelbat for psview only for unix
73: parameter (jht=25)
74: * final eps output for angel
12 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

75: parameter (jhs=26)

76: * temporary file of gauss smearing fot contour plot
77: * temporary new input file
78: * temporary file for wtab
79: parameter (jwt=71)
80: * temporary file for wtab:
81: parameter (jhm=72)
82: * temporary file for w: wt:
83: parameter (jha=73)
84: * temporary file for aw:
85: parameter (jhy=74)
86: * temporary file for y-comment
87:
88: *-----------------------------------------------------------------------

2.1.7 Makefile
In order to compile the AN GE L , you need to modify the makefile. Uncomment the options suitable for your
environment. Then you can compile AN GE L by the “make” command.

List1.12 • Makefile
1: #------------------------------------------------------------------------
2: #
3: # @(#)Makefile 2002/08/06
4: #
5: # Makefile for ANGEL
6: #
7: #------------------------------------------------------------------------
8: ##### sors #####
9: #------------------------------------------------------------------------
10:
11: OBJ1 = \
12: a-alone.o
13:
14: OBJ2 = \
15: a-main1.o a-hsect.o a-line.o a-func.o a-utl00.o \
16: a-main0.o a-wtext.o mdp-uni.o
17:
18: #------------------------------------------------------------------------
19: ##### set executable file name #####
20: #------------------------------------------------------------------------
21:
22: TERGET = angel400
23:
24: #------------------------------------------------------------------------
25: ##### set compile options #####
26: #------------------------------------------------------------------------
27: #Alpha
28: # FFLAGS = -O4 -warn noalignments -warn nousage
29: # FC = f77
30: #------------------------------------------------------------------------
31: #Linux pgf
32: FFLAGS = -O4
33: FC = pgf77
34: #------------------------------------------------------------------------
35: #Linux g77
2.1. HOW TO START ANGEL 13

36: # FFLAGS = -O4 -fno-automatic

37: # FC = g77
38: #------------------------------------------------------------------------
39: #Sun
40: # FFLAGS = -O
41: # FC = f90
42: #------------------------------------------------------------------------
43: #HP
44: # FFLAGS = +DA1.1 +O0 +e +U77 +Onolimit
45: # FC = f77
46: #------------------------------------------------------------------------
47:
48: MAKE = Makefile
49: CC = cc
50: CFLAGS = -O0
51:
52: OBJS = $(OBJ1) $(OBJ2)
53:
54: .f.o :
55: $(FC) $(FFLAGS) -c $*.f
56: .c.o :
57: $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $*.c
58:
59: all :$(OBJS)
60: $(FC) -o $(TERGET) $(OBJS)
61:
62: $(OBJ1) : angel00.inc
63: $(OBJ2) : angel01.inc
64:
65: clean :
66: rm -f $(OBJS)
14 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.2 Input file

AN GE L input consists of several sections listed in Table 2.2. Each section begins from strings shown in the Table.
The lines starting from the other characters are skipped. If you want to define explicitly the skipped part, you
can put C:, or N: at the beginning of the line. Especially, at the end of numeric data, we recommend to put N:
explicitly. Below this symbol up to the next section, everything is skipped. If you want to put some comments
within numeric data, you should put # on the head of the comment line. Blank lines and the other strings which
indicate the section including C: N: in the numeric data means the end of the data.

2.2.1 Reading control

(1) Uppercase, lowercase, blank
Discrimination between lowercase and uppercase characters is not performed in the AN GE L input except the
parameters beginning by \. Blanks at line head and end are taken no account.
(2) Line Connecting
If you add “ \ ” at line end, the next line is considered to be a continuing line. You can use multiple lines to
write input data by the “ \ ” connecting.

(3) Comment marks

You can use the comment marks “#” on the top of the line. AN GE L skips to read this line.
(4) Blank lines
Blank lines are skipped except for the blank line within the numeric data which indicate the end of the data.
If you want to put some comments within numeric data, you should put # on the head of the comment
line. In the multiple lines comment section, blank lines are really blank lines in the graph.
(5) Skip page
You can skip a page by SKIPPAGE:. You can skip from anyplace in a page by putting qp: at the line head.
Lines from qp: up to the next page defined by NEWPAGE: are skipped.
(6) Skip all
Q: can be used as a terminator of a input file.
2.2. INPUT FILE 15

2.2.2 Sections
Table 2.2 shows the various sections which starts from the following strings. However, there is one exception
mentioned in the tutorial examples, which is a line between ’ ’.

strings explanation
INFL: insert a file
INPS: insert a EPS graphic
SET: user definition constants
X: title of x-axis
Y: title of y-axis
NEWPAGE: indicator of new page
C: skip line
N: skip line
Q: end mark of input data
QP: end mark of one page
SKIPPAGE: end mark of one page
Z: indicator of new graph
H: one dimensional graph section
H2: two dimensional contour plot section
HD: two dimensional cluster plot section
HC: two dimensional color cluster plot section
HB: bitmap plot section
W: one line comment
WT: multiple lines comment
WTAB: table section
E: end mark of WT: and WAT:
AW: arrow with comment
MSUL: message at left upside corner
MSUC: message at middle upside
MSUR: message at right upside corner
MSDL: message at left downside corner
MSDC: message at middle downside
MSDR: message at right downside corner
A: arrow
AB: bold arrow
POLG: circle and polygon
BOX: box and box with shadow
RIBN: ribbon
STAR: star
P: parameter section

Table 2.2: Sections

16 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.3 ’ ’ Title of graph

One exception of the definition of sections is the title of graph which is defined by a line with strings of title of
graph between ’ ’. The strings between ’ ’ are shown at middle upside the graph frame as seen in the
tutorial example 2. The parameters which move the position, change the scale are listed in the following. These
parameters are defined in the parameters section P:.

• Title of graph parameters

parameters explanation
TITL Show title of graph (default)
NOTL Do not show title of graph
Move title of graph to x-direction as x in an unit of length of x-axis.
TLXP( x )
(D=0.5)
CLTL( c ) Change color of title of graph to c 1 . (D=e)

Table 2.3: parameters for title of graph

1 color definition is explained in line parameter section.

2.4 INFL: Inserting files

You can include the other file in any place except for inside the numeric data as

INFL: { f ile.name } [ n1 − n2 ]

You should specify an including file name in { }, and the number of lines from n1 to n2 in [ ]. If there is no [ ],
PH I TS includes all lines of the specified file. You can use the following style to specify line numbers,
[ n1 − ]
[ −n2 ]
From line number n1 to the end, and from top to line number n2 respectively. The including file can be nested more
than once.
2.5. INPS: INSERTING EPS GRAPH 17

2.5 INPS: Inserting EPS graph

You can include the other EPS graph in any place except for inside H section as

INPS: { f ile.name } X( x ) Y( y ) IX( ix ) IY( iy ) S( s ) SX( sx ) SY( sy ) A( a )

You should specify an including EPS file name in { }. AN GE L can support hole inclusion of EPS file and only EPS
file with one page and the description of bounding box as %%BoundingBox. The included graph is shown at ( x,
y ), and scaled by s, and also rotated by a degree if necessary.

• INPS: parameters
parameters explanation
{ f ilename } EPS file name which should be included
X( x ) x position of EPS graph (D=origin of x-axis)
Y( y ) y position of EPS graph (D=origin of y-axis)
x origionof EPS graph


 1 : left end of EPS (default)
IX( ix ) 
ix = 
 2 : middle of EPS

 3 : right end of EPS

y originof EPS graph



 1 : lower end of EPS (default)
IY( iy ) 
iy = 
 2 : middle of EPS

 3 : upper end of EPS
S( s ) Change the scale of EPS by s (D=1)
SX( sx ) Change x-scale of EPS sx (D=1)
SY( sy ) Change y-scale of EPS sy (D=1)
A( a ) Rotate EPS by a degree in counterclockwize (D=0)

Table 2.4: INPS: parameters

18 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

• Example of inserting EPS graph

In the following example, we insert an EPS graph at (0,0) rotated by 15 degrees. As we define IX(2) IY(2), the
center of graph is located at (0,0) in the original graph. We can draw the frame of EPS graph by using BOX:.

List2.1 • Example of inserting EPS graph

1: P: PORT NOMS NOFR NOXT NOYT
2: P: XMIN(-3) XMAX(3) YMIN(-3) YMAX(3) NOSP FORM(1.0)
3: P: XDTC(-1) YDTC(-1) AFAC(0.7)
4: BOX: BOX(ovalbox) X(0) Y(0) A(15) SX(14) SY(17)
5: INPS: {tiger.ps} X(0) Y(0) A(15) IX(2) IY(2) S(0.4)

The following graph is obtained by this input.

−1

−2

−3
−3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3
Figure 2.1: Example of inserting EPS graph
2.6. SET: USER DEFINITION CONSTANT 19

2.6 SET: User definition constant

You can set your own constant as

SET: c1[ 52.3 ] c2[ 2 * pi ] c3[ c1 * 1.e-8 ]

This “set” definition can be written in anyplace. Defined user-constant can be used as a numerical value in your
input file. User-constants can be re-defined any number of times, and these values is kept until re-defined. In
the 3rd case of above example (c3), another user-constant c1 is called in a user-constant definition. In the case,
the value in which the user-constant c1 keeps at that time, is used. So even if you re-define the c1 below the c3
definition, the value of c3 defined here is not changed. pi is set to the value of π in default.
In addition to pi, ran can be used for random number of [ 0 - 1 ].
The user definition constants can be shown in figure. The position of the constants is in default at the center
just above the graph frame. You can change the position and scale by the following parameters which are defined
in the parameters section.

• User definition constant parameters

parameter explanation
CNST Show user definition constant
NOCN Do not show user definition constant (default)
CONX( x ) x is the position of the left hand side of expression
CONY( y ) y is the position of the top of expression
CONS( s ) Change scale of the expressioon by s (D=1)
CLCN( c ) Change color of text to c 1 (D=e)
CBOX( boxname ) Show frame around by boxname 2
CBCB( cb ) Change color of backgraund of box to cb (D=w)
CBCL( cl ) Change color of frame of box to cl (D=e)
CBCS( cs ) Change color of shadow of box to cs (D=e)

Table 2.5: Parameters of expression of user definition constant

1 color definition is explained in line parameter section.

2 boxname definition is explaned in BOX: secition.

2.7 Using mathematical expressions

Mathematical expressions can be used in your input file. It is Fortran style. Available functions are shown in Table
2.7.
Intrinsic Function
FLOAT INT ABS EXP LOG LOG10 MAX MIN
MOD NINT SIGN SQRT ACOS ASIN ATAN ATAN2
COS COSH SIN SINH TAN TANH

Table 2.6: Intrinsic function.

For example,
S[ c1 * 3.5 * sin( 55 * pi / 180 ) ]
20 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

In this example, you can use the mathematical expression for one numeric data s like S( s ). In this case, you
should use square bracket [ ] instead of ( ).

2.8 X: Y: Title of X, Y axis

Title of X or Y axis is defined as

X: or Y: strings

These strings are shown in the middle of X or Y axis. The blanks before the strings and after strings are neglected.

The parameters which move the position of the titles, neglect them, and change the scale are explained in the
following table. These parameters are defined in the parameters section P:.

• Title of X, Y axis parameters

parameters explanation
ATXS( a ) Change scale of titile by a (D=1)
XTXP( x ) Move title of X to x in an unit of length of X-axis (D=0.5)
YTXP( y ) Move title of Y to x in an unit of length of Y-axis (D=0.5)
NOXT Do not show title of X axis
NOYT Do not show title of Y axis
CLTX( c ) Change color of title of X, Y to c 1 (D=e)
Display option of title of X axis



 −1 : show title in upside of graph



XTXT( ix )  0 : do not show title
ix = 



 1 : show title in downside of graph (default)

 2 : show title in both side
Display option of title of Y axis



 −1 : show title in rightside of graph



YTXT( iy )  0 : do not show title
iy = 



 1 : show title in leftside of graph (default)

 2 : show title in both side

Table 2.7: Title of X, Y axis parameters

1 color definition is explained in line parameter section.

2.9. PAGE CONTROL SECTIONS 21

2.9 Page control sections

There are seven control commands for reading and page control.

2.9.1 NEWPAGE: Start new page

By this command, AN GE L finishes present page and starts a new page. All of parameters and constants are reset by
this command.

2.9.2 C: N: Comment section

A line started from this strings is skipped for reading. If this appears in numeric data, this means the end of the
data. You can use this command for some comments in input file.

2.9.3 Q: End mark section

After this section, nothing is read in input file.

2.9.4 QP: SKIPPAGE: Skip page section

After this section until next NEWPAGE: section, AN GE L skip everything for reading.

2.9.5 Z: Multigraph section

You can draw more than one graph frame in one paper. In this case, multigraph section started from Z: is used.
The position of the next graph is defined as below by using an unit of the length of X and Y axes and the origin
of the previous graph.

Z: XORG( x ) YORG( y )

where x, y are the length in an unit of X and Y axes of the previous graph frame. It is not necessary to define the
parameters XORG( x ), YORG( y ) in this multigraph section. You can define them in normal parameters section in
the next graph.
When Z: section is appeared, some parameters are reset, e.g., the maximum and minimum values of axis, title
of axis, parameters related to coordinate, but the design of the graph, user definition constant are kept in this next
graph.
22 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

• Example of multigraph
As a simple example, we draw Figure 1.1 and Figure 1.2 of CHAPTER 1 in one page. The input file of this
example is shown in the following. In List2.2, the files of fig101.ang and fig102.ang are the input file of Figure 1.1
and Figure 1.2, respectively. We first draw Figure 1.1 by setting a scale to be 0.55 to include four graphs in one
page. Next we draw Figure 1.2 by moving it in x-direction by 1.7 in an unit of the length of x-axis of the previous
Figure 1.1. Further we draw Figure 1.1 again by moving it in y-direction by 1.5 in an unit of the length of y-axis of
the previous Figure 1.2. Then we draw Figure 1.2 again b moving it in x-direction by -1.7 in an unit of the length
of x-axis of the previous Figure 1.1.

List2.2 • Input of example of multigraph

1: INFL: {fig101.ang}
2: P: SCAL(0.55)
3: W:(1)/S(2)
4: Z: XORG(1.7) YORG(0.0)
5: INFL: fig102.ang
6: W:(2)/S(2)
7: Z: XORG(0.0) YORG(1.5)
8: INFL: fig101.ang
9: W:(3)/S(2)
10: Z: XORG(-1.7) YORG(0.0)
11: INFL: {fig102.ang}
12: W:(4)/S(2)

File = fig201.ang Date = 15:05 04-Jul-2003

Figure 2
(4) (3)
Comment =12C +40Ca
60
dσ/dΩdE (nb/MeV/sr)

60

Histogram 40
40
Y

Spline
Error bar
Arrow 20
20

0 0
0 2 4 6 0 2 4 6 8
E (MeV) X

Figure 2
(1) (2)
60 12
Comment = C + Ca 40
dσ/dΩdE (nb/MeV/sr)

60

40 Histogram
40
Y

Spline
Error bar
20 Arrow
20

0 0
0 2 4 6 8 0 2 4 6
X E (MeV)

Figure 2.2: Example of multigraph

2.10. H: ONE DIMENSIONAL GRAPH SECTION 23

2.10 H: One dimensional graph section

2.10.1 Basic style
• Basic style 1
The main role of H: section is a definition of ordering of the data written below. We show again the part of input
data of tutorial example 1 below.

List2.3 • Basic style 1

1: H: X Y
2: 0.5 10
3: 3 40

In this case, the line of H: declares that there are two columns and that the first one is X column, and the second
one is Y column. AN GE L can judge how many lines are included in this section. The number of the data is only
restricted by your memory. If you need more memory, you should change mdas parameter in angel00.in file.

• Basic style 2
In below example, there is one X column but there are four Y columns. X column should be only one in a H:
section, but you can define Y column up to 30.

List2.4 • Basic style 2

1: H: X Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4
2: 0.5 10 1 .4 10.5
3: 3 50 2 .5 13.3
4: 5 30 3 .6 12.3

Using this input file, four lines are drawn as a function of the same x values. In the above input, the digits followed
by Y as Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4 are omissible. These are necessary for error column and column function discussed
latter. For this case, Y Y Y Y is enough. The ordering of X column and Y column are free. Then you can
easily exchange x and y value by writing Y X instead of X Y in H: section without the data ordering.

• Basic style 3
In order to skip some data columns, it is enough to change the character which specifies meaning of the column.
For an example, in the above input data, if you want to skip the second and third column, you should only write N
or NY instead of Y. However, if there is no data of Y column partially in certain X low, it becomes error as,

List2.5 • Basic style 3

1: H: X Y1 NY2 N3 Y4
2: 0.5 10 1 .4 10.5
3: 3 50 2 13.3
4: 5 30 3 .6 12.3

This is an error. There should be always Y value for every X low.

24 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

We summarize the basic parameters of H: section in the following.

parameter explanation remark

X X column Only one column without suffix.
Y Y column Maximum 30 columns, suffix number can be added.
DX X error column Suffix number can be added.
D Y error column Suffix number can be added.
N, NX, NY
skip column Suffix number can be added except for NX, NDX.
ND, NDX

Table 2.8: Column parameter

2.10.2 Factor
You can multiply, divide, sum or subtract a constant from the data in X, Y, D, DX column. For an example,

List2.6 • Example of factor

1: H: X Y*1.0E+03-500.0
2: 0.5 10
3: 3 40

This example multiplies 1000 on the Y value and subtracts 500. These values after calculation are plotted in a
graph. This factor function is also available for X column. The format of this factor function is

[ ** r1 ] [ { * | / } r2 ] [ { + | - } r3 ]

where [ ] means omissible, { A | B } denotes that you should choose A or B, and r1 , r2 , r3 are positive number. If
you want to use negative number, you have to use ( ) as (−r1 ), (−r2 ), (−r3 ). The user definition constant and
mathematical expression are not allowed to use as r1 , r2 , r3 . Therefore you cannot express complicated mathemat-
ical expression in this factor function. For such case, you had better use the column function explained latter. The
remark points of the factor function are

• Ordering : [power], [multiply | devide], [sum | subtrract]

• first and intermediate blank is not allowed

• ( ) should be used for negative number

2.10. H: ONE DIMENSIONAL GRAPH SECTION 25

2.10.3 Legend
As shown in Tutorial example 2, you can easily draw legend of lines. It is very convenient when you plot several
lines in one graph. As an example,

List2.7 • Example of legend

1: H: X Y(Histogram),DH0
2: 0.0 0
3: 0.5 10
4: 1.5 20

The strings inside ( ) just after Y or Y3 and before a comma are shown with the symbol and/or line type at
the middle of right handside of graph frame. The ordering of the legends is that of appeatrance of input file. The
position of the legend can be moved by parameter. The remarks of the format of legend are

• draw parentheses in ( ) as \( \)
• no blank before and after ( )

And the blank inside ( ) is no matter, and also the ordering between factor and legend is free.
The parameters which change scale, position and color are listed in the following table.

• Legend parameters
parameters explanation
LEGN Show legend (default).
NOLG Do not show legend.
LEGX( x ) Set the left hand side of legend to be x in X axis.
LEGY( y ) Set the top of legend to be y in Y axis.
LEGS( s ) Change scale of legend by s (D=1).
CLLG( c ) Change color of legend to c 1 (D=e).
LBOX( boxname ) Show frame around by boxname 2 .
LBCB( cb ) Change color of background of box to cb (D=w).
LBCL( cl ) Change color of frame of box to cl (D=e).
LBCS( cs ) Change color of shadow of box to cs (D=e).

Table 2.9: Legend parameter

1 color definition is explained in line parameter section.

2 boxname definition is explaned in BOX: secition.
26 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.10.4 Line parameters

You can specify line type, symbol, spline, histogram, and the other line descriptions by parameters after a comma
in Y part.
In the example of Tutorial example 2, DH0 of H: X Y(Histogram),DH0 is line parameter. DH0 means
that line type is dashed line with histogram without symbol.

• Line type
There are nine types of lines which is specified by alphabet symbol as

input output explanation

N No Line
L Solid Line (default)
M Dot-Dashed Line
D Short-Dashed Line
U Long-Dashed Line
P Dotted Line
Q Dot-Dot-Dashed Line
V Dot-Dot-Dot-Dashed Line
I (II) Interier Shaded

Table 2.10: Line type

Interior shaded I and II paints the region within the line with defined color. You can change the color or gray scale
by color parameter. The region is clipped within the graph frame by I, but not clipped by II.

• Length of pattern of line type

You can change the length of pattern of line type by LPTL in parameters section.

parameter explanation
LPTL( r ) Change unit length to r (D=1).

Table 2.11: Length of pattern parameter

The unit of length is the default length of the pattern.

2.10. H: ONE DIMENSIONAL GRAPH SECTION 27

• Line thickness
You can change thickness of lines by Z and T as

input output explanation

ZZZ
ZZ
Z
(default)
T
TT
TTT

Table 2.12: Line thickness

• Spline
In default, AN GE L conects two data points by straight line. If you add line parameter ’S’, AN GE L conects the data
with spline line as shown in Tutorial example 2. AN GE L interpolates four points between two data if you specify
’S’. The number of points for interpolation is changed by adding number after ’S’ as

S[ n ]

where n is the number of points for interpolation, which should be described in [ ].

28 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

• Symbol
There are 16 kinds of symbol drew on the data points as follow,

ID output explanation
0 No Marker
1 Dot (default)
2 Plus
3 Open Circle
4 Solid Circle
5 Open Square
6 Solid Square
7 Open Triangle (up)
8 Solid Triangle (up)
9 Open Triangle (down)
10 Solid Triangle (down)
11 Open Diamond
12 Solid Diamond
13 Open Square Diamond
14 Solid Square Diamond
15 Times
16 * Asterisk

Table 2.13: Symbol

• Option of Symbol
The symbols of odd number from 3 to 13 are hollow symbol. The hollow part of these symbol is not transparent,
see the line of Spline in Tutorial example 2., but drew by white color. If you want to change the hollow part to be
transparent, you add 20 to ID number of these symbols. When you change the color of these symbols, the hollow
part keeps white. If you want to change the color of the hollow part, you should write as 5[R]. You can specify
the color of the hollow part by color definition within [ ] just after symbol ID.
Thickness of symbols is proportional to the thickness of lines. You can also change the thickness of symbols
separately in parameter section as

parameter explanation
SYBW( r ) Change thickness of symbol to be r (D=1).

Table 2.14: Symbol parameter

This parameter affects all symbols.

2.10. H: ONE DIMENSIONAL GRAPH SECTION 29

• Size of symbol
You can change the size of symbol by X and A as

input output explanation

XXX
XX
X
(default)
A
AA
AAA

Table 2.15: Size of symbol

• Grayscale
The grayscale is defined by alphabet symbols as in the next table. There are 6 degrees of grayscale. If you use
C[ f ] description mentioned latter, you can define the grayscale continuously.

input HSB output name

W −1.0 ÿÿ white
O −0.8 ÿÿ lightgray
K −0.6 ÿÿ gray
J −0.4 ÿÿ darkgray
F −0.2 ÿÿ matblack
E −0.0 ÿÿ black

Table 2.16: Grayscale

30 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

• Color
The color of lines and symbols are defined by the following symbols in line parameter part. The basic color consist
of 5 colors and intermediate colors are specified by doublet or triplet of the symbol. If you use C[ f ] description
of color mentioned latter, you can define continuously color by HSB (Hue, Saturation, Brightness) or name. Only
Hue values are defined by the symbols, Saturation and Brightness are always one in this case.

symbol HSB output name

R 1.000 ÿÿ red
RR 0.933 ÿÿ orange
RRR 0.867 ÿÿ −
Y 0.800 ÿÿ yellow
YY 0.733 ÿÿ −
YYY 0.667 ÿÿ −
G 0.600 ÿÿ green
GG 0.533 ÿÿ −
GGG 0.467 ÿÿ −
C 0.400 ÿÿ cyan
CC 0.333 ÿÿ −
CCC 0.267 ÿÿ −
B 0.200 ÿÿ blue
BB 0.133 ÿÿ violet
BBB 0.067 ÿÿ magenta

Table 2.17: Color defined by symbol

• HSB or name definition for grayscale and color

You can define the grayscale or color by HSB value or name as

C[ H(Hue) S (Saturation) B(Brightness) | name ]

Though C is used as a color symbol for Cyan, if [ ] is followed just after C, this means the color or grayscale
definition by HDB or name. If H(Hue) is negative, this means grayscale. In this case, S (Saturation) B(Brightness)
are no meaning and omissible. For color, H(Hue) should be positive and H(Hue) S (Saturation) B(Brightness) are
always set between zero and one. If you omit S (Saturation) B(Brightness), one is assumed for them. In the next
page, we show color map with changing HSB values.
2.10. H: ONE DIMENSIONAL GRAPH SECTION 31

S (Saturation) = 1.0 B (Brightness) = 1.0

1.0 1.0

0.8 0.8

0.6 0.6

H (Hue)

H (Hue)
0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2

0.0 0.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
B (Brightness) S (Saturation)

S (Saturation) = 0.6 B (Brightness) = 0.6

1.0 1.0

0.8 0.8

0.6 0.6
H (Hue)

H (Hue)
0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2

0.0 0.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
B (Brightness) S (Saturation)

S (Saturation) = 0.4 B (Brightness) = 0.4

1.0 1.0

0.8 0.8

0.6 0.6
H (Hue)

H (Hue)

0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2

0.0 0.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
B (Brightness) S (Saturation)

Figure 2.3: Color map

32 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

color name output HSB

darkred ÿÿ 1.000 1.000 0.600
red ÿÿ 1.000 1.000 1.000
pink ÿÿ 1.00 0.500 1.000
pastelpink ÿÿ 0.900 0.500 1.000
orange ÿÿ 0.933 1.000 1.000
brown ÿÿ 0.900 1.000 0.500
darkbrown ÿÿ 0.900 1.000 0.300
pastelbrown ÿÿ 0.900 0.600 0.500
orangeyellow ÿÿ 0.867 1.000 1.000
camel ÿÿ 0.800 0.700 0.700
pastelyellow ÿÿ 0.800 0.700 1.000
yellow ÿÿ 0.800 1.000 1.000
pastelgreen ÿÿ 0.700 0.600 1.000
yellowgreen ÿÿ 0.700 1.000 1.000
green ÿÿ 0.600 1.000 1.000
darkgreen ÿÿ 0.600 1.000 0.600
mossgreen ÿÿ 0.500 1.000 0.300
bluegreen ÿÿ 0.500 1.000 1.000
pastelcyan ÿÿ 0.400 0.400 1.000
pastelblue ÿÿ 0.250 0.400 1.000
cyan ÿÿ 0.400 1.000 1.000
cyanblue ÿÿ 0.400 1.000 0.500
blue ÿÿ 0.200 1.000 1.000
violet ÿÿ 0.133 1.000 1.000
purple ÿÿ 0.100 1.000 0.500
magenta ÿÿ 0.067 1.000 1.000
winered ÿÿ 0.002 0.800 0.700
pastelmagenta ÿÿ 0.067 0.600 1.000
pastelpurple ÿÿ 0.100 0.400 0.500
pastelviolet ÿÿ 0.133 0.400 1.000

Figure 2.4: Color defined by color name or HSB

2.10. H: ONE DIMENSIONAL GRAPH SECTION 33

• Histogram
You can draw histogram by adding ’H’ in line parameter as shown in Tutorial example 2. In histogram, you have
to choose the relationship between data points and corners of histogram. In default, the y value of a data point
keeps the value up to the next x point. Thus the data point is shown by the left corner of histogram as

List2.8 • Example of histogram 1

1: H: X Y(ex1 H),LH6
2: 0.0 0
80
3: 0.5 10
4: 1.5 20 example 1 H
5: 2.5 35 60 data points
6: 3.5 30
7: 4.5 45 40
8: 5.5 70
9: 6.5 0
20

0
0 2 4 6

Figure 2.5: Example of histogram 1

If you write ’HH’ or ’HHH’ instead of ’H’ in line parameter, you can change the corner of histogram.

80 80

example 2 HH example 3 HHH

60 data points 60 data points

40 40

20 20

0 0
0 2 4 6 0 2 4 6

Figure 2.6: Example of histogram 2 Figure 2.7: Example of histogram 3

As shown in above graph, you can choose the relation between the data points and the corner of histogram.
34 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.10.5 Summary and remark in Y column format

Here we summarize the format of Y column and remark some points.

• Y[ID digit][(legend strings)][factor],

[line type][thickness][symbol ][size of symbol][spline][histogram]
• any blank is not allowed except in legend strings.

2.10.6 Error bar

The column of error bar data is specified by ’D’ or ’DX’ in H: section. The values of error should be absolute
values. If the values of error are % of the y-value or relative value, you can use column function mentioned latter.

• Error bar for Y value

The basic style of error bar for y values is that you prepare ’D’ column just after ’Y’ column.

List2.9 • Basic style of error bar 1

1: H: X Y D
2: 1 10 3
3: 3 50 4

In this case, ±3 error bar in y direction is shown at the point (1,10).

If you want to draw error bars which values are different between upside and downside, you should prepare
two ’D’ column like D+ D- after y column by adding + and -.

List2.10 • Basic style of error bar 2

1: H: X Y D+ D-
2: 1 10 3 2
3: 3 50 4 3

In this case, 3 error bar for + side of y direction, 2 error bars for - side of y direction are shown at the point
(1,10). If you want to draw both side error bar by one error column, you should write D+- for the column, which
is equivalent to default style of D

If there are some ’Y’ columns and also ’D’ column in a H: section, ’D’ column just after ’Y’ column is the
error bar for the y values in default. In order to change the ordering on column more freely, you can put ID digit
after ’Y’ and ’D’ like

List2.11 • Basic style of error bar 3

1: H: X Y1 Y2 D2 D1
2: 1 10 1.1 0.3 3
3: 3 50 1.3 0.4 4
2.10. H: ONE DIMENSIONAL GRAPH SECTION 35

In this case, ±3 error bar is shown at the point (1,10) of ’Y1’ column, ±0.3 error bar is at (1,1.1) of ’Y2’ column.
ID digit can be used from 1 to 10, and the ordering is free. If you want to put the ID digit on one ’Y’ column, you
should put ID digit on all other ’Y’ and ’D’ column identification. You can also use factor for error bar column as
in y column.
Here, ee summarize the above error bar for Y column as

• D[ID digit][+][-][factor]

• [+][-] should be prior to [factor]

• Error bar for X value

Error bar column can be specified by ’DX’. The basic format of ’DX’ is almost the same as that for Y column. In
the following, we summarize different points from the error bar format for Y column as,

• ID digit cannot be used.

• If there are some Y columns, the same error bars for x direction are shown in each point
of different Y columns.

Therefore if you want to draw the different error bar for X value, you have to describe each Y value in different H:
section with different error bar for X values.
36 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.10.7 Column function

By using ’factor’, you can change the column values by simple mathematical expression with some constants. If
you change them in more complicated equation, or if you want to use the value of the other column in addition to
constants, you can use ’column function’. The basic style of the column function is

⟨ column parameters ⟩⟨ ID digit ⟩=[ equation ]

where column parameters denote X, Y, DX, D, NY, ND listed in Table.2.8, and ID digit is necessary for Y, D,
NY, ND. Any blank is not allowed before and after =. But you can use some blanks in equation within [ ]. In
the equation, you can use real number, user definition constants, intrinsic constant (pi, ran), intrinsic function,
Fortran equation, and functional fit, self-running variable, which are introduced in the following sections, and X
and Y column values specified by the column parameters.
A simple example is shown below,

List2.12 • Example of column function

1: H: X Y1,D6 NY2 DY1=[Y1*Y2/100]
2: 0.0 0.0 0.0
5
3: 1.0 0.4 50.0
4: 2.0 1.5 30.0 4
5: 3.0 2.5 20.0
6: 4.0 4.1 10.0 3

0
0 1 2 3 4

Figure 2.8: Example of column function

In this example, the first column is X value, the second Y value, and the third column is the relative error of Y
value as %. You cannot draw the error bar by this error value, since the values of error should be given by absolute
value in AN GE L . You have to transform the relative values of error to the absolute values using the column function.
You first change the column parameter of the third column to ’NY2’, and you define the fourth column by column
function as DY1=[Y1*Y2/100]. The graph of this input is shown here. In the column function, you can only use
the value of X and Y column. We define the column parameter of the third colum as ’NY2’ not as ’ND1’. We
summarize the rule of the column function as following,

• ⟨ column parameters ⟩⟨ ID digit ⟩=[ equation ]

• any blank is not allowed except in [ ]

• column function should be prior to legend and [+][-] of error

• do not use ’N’ of column parameters in equation; (NY2 → Y2)
2.10. H: ONE DIMENSIONAL GRAPH SECTION 37

2.10.8 Self-running variable V

You can plot various values obtained by the column function from the other column values. When you want to plot
analytic function of x values, you have to write down x-column values. In this case, you can define self-running
variables ’V’ for the x column values. The format of self-running variable is

V=[ r1 , r2 , n ]

where any blank is not allowed excepy in [ ]. In this format, r1 and r2 are the minimum and maximaum values
and n is number of value points. The self-running variable gives n points from r1 to r2 divided equally by n − 1
groups. You can use user definition constants and mathematical expressions for r1 and r2 . By this self-running
variable and column function, you can plot any analytical function on a graph without explicit x column values.
We show an example of the self-running variable and column function in the following.

List2.13 • Example of self-running variable

1: H: V=[0,2*pi,100] X=[V/pi] Y=[0.8*sin(V)],L0
2: H: V=[0,2*pi,100] X=[1.0+0.5*cos(V)] Y=[0.5*sin(V)],D0

1.0

0.5

0.0

−0.5

−1.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

Figure 2.9: Example of self-running variable

In the above example, the self-running variable V prepares 100 values from 0 to 2π. In the first H: section, X is
defined by V/π and Y is a sine function of X. In the second H: section, X and Y are defined by the cosine and sine
function of V. This is a circle with (1.0,0) center and 0.5 radius. Here, we summarize the format of self-running
variables.

• V=[ r1 , r2 , n ]
• any blank is not allowed except in [ ]

• user definition constant and mathematical expression can be used for r1 and r2 .
38 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.10.9 Fitting function

Using AN GE L , you can fit the data points (x,y) by an analytical function. We use the least squares methods for
fitting the data with considering the error bar if it exists. The basic style of the fitting function is similar to the style
of the column function and is given by

⟨ column parameter 1 ⟩⟨ ID digit ⟩=F{ ⟨ column parameter 2 ⟩ }[ analytical function ( An ) ]

where column parameter 1 is a column for the fitting function with Y, NY and column parameter 2 is a Y column
for fitting data. Any blanks are not allowed before and after =F. But you can use blanks within { } and [ ].
In the fitting function, you can use real number, user definition constants, intrinsic constant (pi, ran), intrinsic
function, and any equation in Fortran style, and X and Y column values specified by the column parameters in
the same H: section. For the coefficients in the fitting function, you should use the coefficient variables A. The
suffixes of A are from A1 to A99. These coefficient variables can be used in the other places after the fitting function
like user definition constant.
Let see a simple example below.

List2.14 • Example of fitting function

1: H: X Y1,D6 D1 NY2=F{ Y1 }[ A1 * X**2 ] A01 = 0.266949
2: 0.0 0.0 0.0 5
3: 1.0 0.4 0.2
4: 2.0 1.5 0.45 4
5: 3.0 2.5 0.5
6: 4.0 4.1 0.41 3
7: H: V=[0,4.5,100] X=[ V ] Y=[ A1 * X**2 ],L0TT
2

0
0 1 2 3 4

Figure 2.10: Example of fitting function

In this example, X and Y1 columns are the same as in the example of column function. The error column should
be converted to the absolute values. We fitted these data points by the function of y = a1 x2 . After the AN GE L
processing, the values of A1 and the squares of the error of fitting are shown in the normal output. Since AN GE L
uses the Metropolis method for fitting, the results differ a little in each processing. If the correlation between the
data and the fitting function is not enough, the coefficients are not converged and give us almost zero values in each
processing.
As in the above example, if we plot the fitting function in the same H: section, the X values of the fitting
function are the same points as the data. In this case, we cannot obtain smooth shape of the fitting function. So we
have not plotted the fitting function in the same H: section, we specified NY2, but we have plotted it in the next H:
section by using the self-running variables and the coefficient variables in the above example to get smooth shape
of the fitting function.
2.10. H: ONE DIMENSIONAL GRAPH SECTION 39

These coefficients obtained from fitting the function to data can be shown in the figure. In default, these are
shown at the left corner above the figure frame as in the previous example. When changing the position, scale and
the other format, you can use the following parameters in the parameter section P:.

• Parameters for the fitting function

parameters explanation
PARA Show the coefficients of the fitting function.
NOPA Do not show the coefficients of the fitting function (default).
PARX( x ) Set x-position of the coefficients as x.
PARY( y ) Set y-position of the coefficients as y.
PARS( s ) Change the scale of the expression as s (D=1).
CLPA( ct ) Change the color of the characters as c 1 (D=e).
PBOX( boxname ) Enclose the expression by the box of boxname 2 .
PBCB( cb ) Change the color of the background of the box as cb (D=w).
PBCL( cl ) Change the color of the frame of the box as cl (D=e).
PBCS( cs ) Change the color of the shadow of the box as cs (D=e).

Table 2.18: Parameters for the fitting function

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section

2 Definition of boxname is shown in BOX: section.

Here we summarize the fitting function.

• ⟨ Column parameter 1 ⟩⟨ ID digid ⟩=F{ ⟨ Column parameter 2 ⟩ }[ fitting function( An ) ]

• any blank is not allowed except in { }, [ ]

• do not use ”N” for the column parameter 2 (NY2 → Y2)
• do not use ”N” for the fitting function (NY2 → Y2)
40 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.11 H2: Two dimensional contour graph section

2.11.1 Basic style
H2: section describes three dimensional data as a two dimensional contour graph. Let us start from the following
simple example.

List2.15 • Two dimensional contour graph, example 1

1: H2: Y = 3.0 TO -3.0 BY -1.0 ; X = -3.0 TO 3.0 BY 1.0 ;
2: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3: 0 8 0 2 4 0 0
4: 0 0 1 5 6 2 0 3
5: 0 2 4 14 15 9 0
6: 0 2 5 23 32 12 0 2
7: 0 0 3 10 16 8 0
8: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

−1

−2

−3
−3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3

Figure 2.11: Two dimensional contour graph, example 1

In H2: section, contour lines are described from data on height between two dimensional points given by mesh
points with equal width. In the H2: line, the minimal, maximal and width of mesh points for X and Y axes should
be specified. In the above example, the minimum value = −3.0, the maximum value = 3.0, and the width of the
meshes = 1.0 for both X and Y axes are defined. The number of the mesh points are automatically determined
from these values. The order of this definition determines the order in which the data below this low is read.

H2: Y = 3.0 TO -3.0 BY -1.0 ; X = -3.0 TO 3.0 BY 1.0 ;

This expression comes from the Fortran expression as,

READ(*,*) ( ( DATA(IX,IY), IX = 1,7,1 ), IY = 7,1,-1 )

The basic style is

H2: { Y | X } = r1 TO r2 BY r3 ; { X | Y } = r4 TO r5 BY r6 ;

If you want to exchange X axis and Y axis, the order of reading the data has to be exchanged. (In the above Fortran
expression, the ordering of IX, IY is exchanged.) The ”;” of the end of X axis part and Y axis part is always
necessary. The number of the numerical data in a line is free as far as the data sequence is satisfied following the
above expression.
2.11. H2: TWO DIMENSIONAL CONTOUR GRAPH SECTION 41

2.11.2 Parameters for the contour graph

The number of contour lines and the height, the color, the type of lines, the width and the spline of the contour
lines can be changed in the parameter section P:.

parameters explanation
ICUT( i ) Set the number of contour lines as i. The default is 8.
Specify the height of the contour lines with r1 , r2 , .... The number of the
line is free. Also, the order of r1 , r2 , .... is arbitrary. If not specified, the
CUTS( r1 , r2 , r3 , ...., rN )
interval between the maximum and minimum heights is divided into 8
equal parts, and 8 contour lines are shown.
COLN( c ) set the contour color to be c 1 ,2 .
specify each contour color and grayscale by c1 , c2 , c3 , ... 2 . These suffix
COLS( c1 , c2 , c3 , ...., cN )
numbers of cn correspond to those of CUTS( r1 , r2 , r3 , ...., rN ).
COLS Automatically set the contour colors.
SMAX( c ) Specify the colors of the maximum and minimum contour line.
SMIN( c ) Default is Red(r) and Blue(b).
ZLIN The interval of the contours is divided equally in linear scale (default).
ZLOG The interval of the contours is divided equally in logarithmic scale.
These parameters are valid only without CUTS.
IWD2( id ) Specify the thickness of line. Default is id = 4 in unit of 1/300 inch.
Spline the cotour lines by 4 interpolation points (dfault). If you want to
IPD2 increase the interpolation points, set the number of the points n such as
IPD2[ n ].
Spline the mesh data by Gauss smearing with considering the nearest
IPDS neighbor mesh (default). If you want to increase the number of neighbor
meshes, set the number of neighbors n such as IPDS[ n ].

Table 2.19: Parameters for the cotour graph

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section

2 If you want to use HSB description for color specification, put three degits for ci devided by space.
42 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

By the same input as in example 1 when the IPD2 and COLS are specified, the result is shown below.

List2.16 • Two dimensional contour graph, example 2

1: P: IPD2 COLS
2: H2: Y = 3.0 TO -3.0 BY -1.0 ; X = -3.0 TO 3.0 BY 1.0 ;
3: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4: 0 8 0 2 4 0 0
5: 0 0 1 5 6 2 0 3
6: 0 2 4 14 15 9 0
7: 0 2 5 23 32 12 0 2
8: 0 0 3 10 16 8 0
9: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

−1

−2

−3
−3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3

Figure 2.12: Two dimensional contour graph, example 2

2.12. HD: TWO DIMENSIONAL CLUSTER PLOT SECTION 43

2.12 HD: Two dimensional cluster plot section

2.12.1 Basic style
HD: section specifies a two-dimensional cluster plot. A cluster plot is a plot of heights given to a two-dimensional
equally spaced mesh that fills a rectangle around that point with a size proportional to the height of each point.
The basic format is exactly the same as the H2: section. A cluster plot described using the same data as the
contour example gives:

List2.17 • Two dimensional cluster plot, example 1

1: HD: Y = 3.0 TO -3.0 BY -1.0 ; X = -3.0 TO 3.0 BY 1.0 ;
2: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3: 0 8 0 2 4 0 0
4: 0 0 1 5 6 2 0 3
5: 0 2 4 14 15 9 0
6: 0 2 5 23 32 12 0 2
7: 0 0 3 10 16 8 0
8: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

−1

−2

−3
−3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3

Figure 2.13: Two dimensional cluster plot, example 1

The ordering of X, Y, maximum value, and minimum value of HD: row is specified as follows in the same way
as H2: section in how to read data.

H2: Y = 3.0 TO -3.0 BY -1.0 ; X = -3.0 TO 3.0 BY 1.0 ;

This expression comes from the Fortran expression as,

READ(*,*) ( ( DATA(IX,IY), IX = 1,7,1 ), IY = 7,1,-1 )

The basic style is

H2: { Y | X } = r1 TO r2 BY r3 ; { X | Y } = r4 TO r5 BY r6 ;

If you want to exchange X axis and Y axis, the order of reading data has to be exchanged. (In above Fortran
expression, the ordering of IX, IY is exchaged.) The ”;” of the end of X axis part and Y axis part is always
necessary. The number of the numerical data in a line is free as far as the data sequence is satisfied following the
above expression.
44 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.12.2 Parameters for the cluster plot

The size, height and colors of the cluster can be changed in the parameter section P:.

parameters explanation
Specify the size of the cluster. By default, the maximum value fills the entire rectangle,
and the other values fill the area proportional to the height of the data relative to the
CLUS( f )
maximum value. f = 1 (default) means that the entire rectangle is filled by the cluster,
and the value of f specifies the size of the of the rectangle for the maximaum value.
The size of the cluster is determined proportional to the height of the data in linear scale
ZLIN
(default),
The size of the cluster is determined proportional to the height of the data in logarithmic
ZLOG
scale.
DMAX( dmax ) Set dmax as the maximum value, neglect the data which values are greater than dmax.
DMIN( dmin ) Set dmin as the minimum value, neglect the data which values are smaller than dmin.
CMAX( cmax ) Display the data which value is greater than cmax in size of the cmax.
CMIN( cmin ) Display the data which value is saller than cmin in size of the cmin.
CLHD( c ) Set the cluster color to c 1 .

Table 2.20: Parameter for the cluster plot

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section

2.12.3 The graph including positive and negative data

When 3D data contains positive and negative numbers, the size of the cluster is drawn in proportion to the size of
the absolute value. At that time, the negative numbers are plotted in grayscale to distinguish it from the positive
number.
Even when coloring with CLHD, negative number is plotted in complementary colors, so you can distinguish it
from positive number. The following example is a color drawing of data containing negative numbers. In addition,
CLUS is used to increase the maximum size by 0.7 times.

List2.18 • Two dimensional cluster plot, example 2

1: P: CLHD(R) CLUS(0.7)
2: HD: Y = 3.0 TO -3.0 BY -1.0 ; X = -3.0 TO 3.0 BY 1.0 ;
3: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4: 0 -8 -1 2 4 0 0
5: 0 -2 1 5 6 2 0
6: 0 2 4 14 15 9 0
7: 0 2 5 23 32 12 0
8: 0 0 3 10 16 8 0
9: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2.12. HD: TWO DIMENSIONAL CLUSTER PLOT SECTION 45

−1

−2

−3
−3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3

Figure 2.14: Two dimensional cluster plot, example 2

46 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.13 HC: Two dimensional color cluster plot section

2.13.1 Basic style
HC: section specifes a two-dimensional color cluster plot. A color cluster plot is a plot that fills the area of each
mesh with a color proportional to its height from the two-dimensional data given to the two-dimensional equally
spaced mesh. The basic style is exactly the same as the H2: section. A color cluster plot of the same data as the
contour example gives:

List2.19 • Two-dimensional color cluster plot, example 1

1: HC: Y = 3.0 TO -3.0 BY -1.0 ; X = -3.0 TO 3.0 BY 1.0 ;
2: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3: 0 8 0 2 4 0 0
4: 0 0 1 5 6 2 0 3
5: 0 2 4 14 15 9 0
6: 0 2 5 23 32 12 0 2
7: 0 0 3 10 16 8 0
8: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

−1

−2

−3
−3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3

Figure 2.15: Two-dimensional color cluster plot, example

1

The order of X, Y, maximum value, and minimum value of HD: row is specified as follows in the same way as
H2: section in how to read data.

H2: Y = 3.0 TO -3.0 BY -1.0 ; X = -3.0 TO 3.0 BY 1.0 ;

This expression comes from the Fortran expression as,

READ(*,*) ( ( DATA(IX,IY), IX = 1,7,1 ), IY = 7,1,-1 )
The basic style is

H2: { Y | X } = r1 TO r2 BY r3 ; { X | Y } = r4 TO r5 BY r6 ;

If you want to exchange X axis and Y axis, the order of reading data has to be exchanged. (In the above Fortran
expression, the ordering of IX, IY is exchanged.) The ”;” of the end of X axis part and Y axis part is always
necessary. The number of the numerical data in a line is free as far as the data sequence is satisfied following the
above expression.
2.13. HC: TWO DIMENSIONAL COLOR CLUSTER PLOT SECTION 47

2.13.2 Parameters for the color cluster plot

The choice of colors can be changed in the parameter section P:.

parameters explanation
The color of the cluster is determined proportional to the height of the data in a linear
ZLIN
scale. (default).
The color of the cluster is determined proportional to the height of the data in a logarithmic
ZLOG
scale.
DMAX( dmax ) Set dmax as the maximum value, neglect the data which values are greater than dmax.
DMIN( dmin ) Set dmin as the minimum value, neglect the data which values are smaller than dmin.
CMAX( cmax ) Display the data which value is greater than cmax in color of the cmax.
CMIN( cmin ) Display the data which value is smaller than cmin in color of the cmin.
SMAX( c ) Specify the maximum and minimum color
SMIN( c ) The default are red(R) and blue(B).
IPDC Automatically interpolate by halving the mesh spacing.

Table 2.21: Parameters for the color cluster plot

An example of interpolating by adding IPDC to the above example is shown below.

List2.20 • Two-dimensional color cluster plot, example 2

1: P: IPDC
2: HC: Y = 3.0 TO -3.0 BY -1.0 ; X = -3.0 TO 3.0 BY 1.0 ;
3: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4: 0 8 0 2 4 0 0
5: 0 0 1 5 6 2 0 3
6: 0 2 4 14 15 9 0
7: 0 2 5 23 32 12 0 2
8: 0 0 3 10 16 8 0
9: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

−1

−2

−3
−3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3

Figure 2.16: Two-dimensional color cluster plot, example

2
48 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.13.3 Important point for the plot with ZLOG

When handling data logarithmically, the default minimal is set as 1 × 10−31 . From this reason, the zero area cannot
be displayed in default setting. If you want to display the zero area in logarithmic plot by blue, Please enter a
smaller number than 1 × 10−31 , such as DMIN(1.0E-32).
2.14. HB: BITMAP PLOT SECTION 49

2.14 HB: Bitmap plot section

The HB: section can draw a color bitmap at (x, y) coordinate. The shape of the bitmap is rectangular and the width
and height can be defined by user. 3D perspective diagrams output by other programs can be converted to PS. In
addition to rectangular bitmaps, you can also define color areas of any shape. You can also define a path to clip the
whole thing.

2.14.1 Basic style

The bitmap plot section has four subsections. The basic style is

HB: CLIP NOCLIP LINE NOLINE C( c ) CB( cb ) HSB RGB T Z

FRAME:
x1 y1
x2 y2
... ...
... ...
CLIP:
x1 y1
x2 y2
... ...
... ...
PATH: C( cp )
x1 y1
x2 y2
... ...
... ...
BMAP: WIDTH = w HEIGHT = h
x1 y1 c1 c2 c3
x2 y2 c1 c2 c3
... ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ... ...

The FRAME :, CLIP :, PATH :, BMAP: subsections are optional. However, one of subsection, i.e,, CLIP :,
PATH :, BMAP:, must be included at least once. Each subsection of FRAME :, CLIP: is not allowed to be defined
more than once. The path defined by FRAME :, CLIP: clips the bitmap. FRAME: is a higher clipping path than
CLIP :. PATH : and BMAP: can be defined any number of times. PATH: must be defined each time the area and
color change, and BMAP: must be defined each time the bitmap size changes. When drawing, please define PATH:
and then surely overwrite BMAP :.
50 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.14.2 Parameters for the bitmap plot

parameters explanation
CLIP (default) Clip the path defined by CLIP:.
NOCLIP Do not clip the path defined by CLIP:.
LINE Illustrate the path defined by CLIP:.
NOLINE (default) Do not insert the path defined by CLIP:.
C( c ) Let the color of the clipping path be c 1 (D=e) .
CB( cb ) Let the color of the clipping path area be cb 1 (D=w).
Increases the line thickness of the clipping path based on the default.
T
If you repeat it like TTT, it will get thicker in order.
Makes the line thickness of the clipping path thinner than the default.
Z
If you repeat it like ZZZ, it will become thinner in order.
HSB (default) Defines the color of BMAP: by a HSB value.
RGB Defines the color of BMAP: by an RGB value.
C( cp ) Let the color of the area of PATH: be cp 1 .
WIDTH = w Let the width of the bitmap be w (cm).
HEIGHT = h Let the height of the bitmap be h (cm).

Table 2.22: Parameters for the bitmap plot

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section

2.14.3 Example for bitmap plot

Here is a simple result of the 3D perspective diagram calculated by PH I TS . The use of bitmap plots uses the output
of other programs, and we would like you to use them in various ideas.

Figure 2.17: Example for bitmap plot

2.15. COMMENT SECTION 51

2.15 Comment section

This section explains how to put comments inside and outside the graph.

2.15.1 W: One line comment section

Insert any string inside or outside the graph. Format is one line as:

W: String / X( x ) Y( y ) IX( ix ) IY( iy ) S( s ) C( c ) A( a ) F( f )

Strings after W: up to / (including blank ) are shown according to the position and size specified by the parameters
after /. Each parameter is explained below.

• Parameters for one line comment

parameters explanation
X( x ) Set the position of the string be x in the X axis.
Y( y ) Set the position of the string be y in the Y axis.
The position of the string with respect to the x coordinate.



 1 : Left end of the string (default)
IX( ix ) 
ix =  2 : Left and right center of the string

 3 : Right end of the string

The position of the string with respect to the y coordinate.




 1 : Bottom of the string (default)
IY( iy ) 
iy = 
 2 : Top and bottom center of the string

 3 : Top of the string

S( s ) Multiplies the size of the string by s with the default value of 1. (D=1)
C( c ) Let the color of the string be c 1 . (D=e)
A( a ) Rotate the string counterclockwise by a degrees around ( x, y ) (D=0)
F( f ) Let the font of the string be f 2 (D=0).

Table 2.23: Parameters for one line comment

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section

2 Definition of the font is shown in the font section.
52 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.15.2 WT: Multi-line comment section

Insert any multi-line string inside or outside the chart. The format is

WT: X( x ) Y( y ) IX( ix ) IY( iy ) S( s ) C( c ) A( a ) F( f ) B( b ) \

BOX( boxname ) CB( cb ) CL( cl ) CS( cs )
\vspace{ vs } string
\hspace{ hs } string
string & string
string & string
E:

The WT: line before the string is connected by \, but it is one line.
A multi-line string after the WT: line, including the blank line up to the E: line, are displayed according to the
position and size specified by the parameters after the WT:. The input line feed will be the output line feed as it is.

• Parameters for multi-line comment

parameters explanation
X( x ) Set the position of the string be x in the X axis.
Y( y ) Set the position of the string be y in the Y axis.
The position of the string with respect to the x coordinate. and character alignment of
each line 
IX( ix ) 

 1 : Left end of string Left justified (default)

ix = 
 2 : Left and right center of string Center justified

 3 : Right end of string Right justified
The position
 of the string with respect to the y coordinate.


 1 : Bottom of string
IY( iy ) 
iy = 
 2 : Top and bottom center fo the string

 3 : Top of the string (default)
S( s ) Multiplies the size of the string by s with the default value of 1. (D=1)
C( c ) Let the color of the string be c 1 . (D=e)
A( a ) Rotate the string counterclockwise by a degrees around ( x, y ) (D=0)
F( f ) Let the font of the string be f 2 (D=0).
B( b ) Multiplies the line spacing of the string by b with the default of 1. (D=1)

Table 2.24: Parameters for multi-line comment 1

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section

2 Definition of the font is shown in the font section.
2.15. COMMENT SECTION 53

parameters explanation
BOX( boxname ) Enclose the entire string in a box of boxname 1 .
CB( cb ) Set the background color of the box be cb 2 (D=w).
CL( cl ) Set the color of the box frame be cl (D=e).
CS( cs ) Set the shadow color of the box be cs (D=e).

Table 2.25: Parameters for multi-line comment 2

1 Definition of boxname is shown in the BOX: section.

2 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section.

In the above format, the command starting with & and \ are parameters that control the indentation of each line,
the adjustment of line spacing, and the horizontal movement. Each parameter is explained below.

parameters explanation
& Align the characters of & written on sequential lines.
\vspace{ vs } Set the interval between the upper line and the next line be vs with respect to the
default line spacing as 1.
\hspace{ hs } Insert a space vs at that location with respect to a space character as 1.

Table 2.26: Parameters for multi-line comment 3

• Example for multi-line comment 1

The following example shows the indented output using &.

List2.21 • Example for multi-line comment 1

1: WT: X(0) Y(0) IX(1) IY(1) BOX(shadowBox) F(5)
2: The notes on multi-lines & comments are summarized below.
3: &(1) Blank lines have meaning as blank lines.
4: &(2) Indenting with & only works on contiguous lines.
5: &(3) The justification for each line is specified by ix( ).
6: E:

The notes on multi-lines & comments are summarized below.

(1) Blank lines have meaning as blank lines.
(2) Indenting with & only works on contiguous lines.
(3) The justification for each line is specified by ix( ).

Figure 2.18: Example for multi-line comment 1

54 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

• Example for multi-line comment 2

The following example shows the output when justification for each line, changing the value of ix( ). From the
left, it shows the examples of ix(1), ix(2), ix(3).

List2.22 • Example for multi-line comment 2

1: WT: X(0) Y(0) IX(1) IY(1) BOX(singleBox) F(5)
2: The indent is specified by {\tt ix(1)}.
3: {\tt ix(1)} is left justified.
4: {\tt ix(2)} is centered.
5: {\tt ix(3)} is right justified.
6: E:

The indent is specified by ix(1). The indent is specified by ix(1). The indent is specified by ix(1).
ix(1) is left justified. ix(1) is left justified. ix(1) is left justified.
ix(2) is centered. ix(2) is centered. ix(2) is centered.
ix(3) is right justified. ix(3) is right justified. ix(3) is right justified.

Figure 2.19: Example for multi-line comment 2

• Example for multi-line comment 3

The following example is the output of a sentence containing an equation.

List2.23 • Example for multi-line comment 3

1: WT: X(0) Y(0) IX(1) IY(1) BOX(ovalshadowBox) F(5)
2: The following equations are described by \LaTeX input.
3: \vspace{1.2} \hspace{4} \
4: $\rho\ i\,({\bf r}) & \equiv \bigint \frac{d\,{\ib p}}{(2\pi \hbar )ˆ3}\
5: f_i\;({\ib r},{\ib p})$
6: \vspace{1.6}\
7: $& = \frac{1}{(2\piL)ˆ{-3/2}} \exp \left[ - \
8: \frac{({\ib r} - {\ib R} i)ˆ2}{2L} \right].$
9: \vspace{1.6}\
10: Indent like {\tt \yen}eqnarray is available.
11: E:

The following equations are described by LATEX input.

⌠ dp
ρi (r) ≡  −3 fi (r,p)
⌡ (2πh̄)
1 (r − Ri)2
= − −3/2
exp [ − − ].
(2πL) 2L

Indent like ¥eqnarray is available.

Figure 2.20: Example for multi-line comment 3

2.15. COMMENT SECTION 55

2.15.3 WTAB: Multi-row tabular comment section

Insert any multi-line string in tabular form inside or outside the graph. The format is

WTAB: TAB{ cols } X( x ) Y( y ) IX( ix ) IY( iy ) S( s ) C( c ) A( a ) F( f ) \

CB( cb ) CL( cl )
\hline \vspace{ vs }
String & String & String & String
\vline{ cols } \tabtopsp{ ts }
String & String & String & String
\cline{ m − n }
String & String & \selcolor{ cs } String & String
E:

The WTAB: line before the string is connected by \, but it should be one line. A multi-row table with blank rows
after the WTAB: row up to the E: row is displayed according to the position and size specified after the WTAB:.
The input line feed will be the output line feed as it is. The number of columns is specified by the argument cols
of TAB{ }. In the string, use & to separate them. It is almost the same format as LATEX. In addition to strings,
there are lines that start with \, which are parameters enabling to control the horizontal ruled lines and the spacing
between lines. The height between lines is automatically determined from the height of the character string of the
element, so not all lines have the same line spacing. If you enter large letters or equations, the line spacing will
increase. The shaded table in the first row of the table in this manual is a paste of the table written in this multi-row
tabular comment of AN GE L . Each parameter is explained below.

• Parameters for multi-row tabular comment 1

parameters explanation
Tab{ cols } Specify the number of columns in the table and the vertical ruled line.
tab{ cols } Use Tab to make the table blank larger and tab to make it smaller.
X( x ) Set the table position be x in X coordinate values.
Y( y ) Set the table position be y in Y coordinate values.
Table position with respect to x coordinates



 1 : Left edge of table (default)
IX( ix ) 
ix =  2 : Left and right center of the table

 3 : Right edge of table
Table position with respect to y coordinates



 1 : Bottom of the table
IY( iy ) 
iy =  2 : Top and bottom center of the table

 3 : Top of table (default)

Table 2.27: Parameters for multi-row tabular comment 1

56 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

parameters explanation
S( s ) Multiply the size of the table by s with the default value of 1 (D=1)
C( c ) Set the color of the table string be c 1 (D=e)
A( a ) Rotate the table counterclockwise by a degrees around (x, y) (D=0)
F( f ) Specifies the font 2 for the table string. (D=0)
CB( cb ) Set the background color of the table be cb 1 .(D=w)
CL( cl ) Set the color of the table frame be cl. (D=e)

Table 2.28: Parameters for multi-row tabular comment 2

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section.

2 Definition of the font is shown in the font section.

The parameters used for TAB{ cols } and \vline{ cols } are explained below.

argument symbol explanation

l Left-aligned element
c Centered element
cols r Right-aligned element
| Add a vertical ruled line.
|| Insert a vertical double ruled line.

Table 2.29: Parameters for multi-row tabular comment 3

In the above format, in addition to the character string, the line starting with \ is a parameter enabling to control
the horizontal ruled line and the space between lines. More than one parameter can be written on one line. Each
parameter is explained below.

parameters explanation
\Hline Add a horizontal ruled line.
\hline The thickness of the ruled line is standard with \hline and thickened with \Hline.
\Cline{ m − n } Insert horizontal ruled lines from m column to n column.
\cline{ m − n } The thickness of the ruled line is standard with \cline and thickened with \Cline.
\vline{ cols } According to cols, put a vertical ruled line only in the column above this line.
\vspace{ vs } The space between the upper string and the next horizontal ruled line is vs with the height
of the string set as 1.
\tabtopsp{ ts } The space between the upper horizontal ruled line and the next character string is ts with
the height of the character string as 1.
\selcolor{ cs } Set the background color of the cell containing this instruction be cs 1 .

Table 2.30: Parameters for multi-row tabular comment 3

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section.

2.15. COMMENT SECTION 57

• Example for multi-row tabular comment 1

The following example shows the output of a basic multi-row tabular comment. Specify the column justification
with TAB{lllc } on the first row. In this example, there are four elements, left, left, left, and centered, starting
from left.

List2.24 • Example for multi-row tabular comment 1

1: WTAB: TAB{lllc} X(0) Y(0) IX(2) IY(2) F(5)
2: {\bf Title} & {\bf Author} & {\bf Publisher} & {\bf Price}
3: \TeX Book & Donald E. Knuth & ASCII Media Works & 6,000
4: Document processing system \LaTeX & Leslie Lamport & ASCII Media Works & 2,800
5: \LaTeX Beautiful documet creation & Haruhiko Okumura & Gijutsu-Hyohron Co. & 2,500
6: E:

' $

Title Author Publisher Price

TEX Book Donald E. Knuth ASCII Media Works ¥6,000
Document processing system LATEX Leslie Lamport ASCII Media Works ¥2,800
LATEX Beautiful documet creation Haruhiko Okumura Gijutsu-Hyohron Co., Ltd. ¥2,500

& %
Figure 2.21: Example for multi-row tabular comment 1

• Example for multi-row tabular comment 2

The following example is an output showing how to draw a vertical ruled line. The list shows only the first line.

List2.25 • Example for multi-row tabular comment 2

1: WTAB: TAB{|l||l|l|c|} X(-0.5) Y(0) IX(2) IY(2) F(5)

' $

Title Author Publisher Price

TEX Book Donald E. Knuth ASCII Media Works ¥6,000
Document processing system LATEX Leslie Lamport ASCII Media Works ¥2,800
LATEX Beautiful documet creation Haruhiko Okumura Gijutsu-Hyohron Co., Ltd. ¥2,500

& %
Figure 2.22: Example for multi-row tabular comment 2
58 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

• Example for multi-row tabular comment 3

Next, to draw a horizontal ruled line, put \hline between the lines where you want to put a horizontal ruled line.
If you write two \hline in a row, you can draw a double horizontal ruled line.

List2.26 • Example for multi-row tabular comment 3

1: WTAB: TAB{|l||l|l|c|} X(0) Y(0) IX(2) IY(2) F(5)
2: \hline
3: {\bf Title} & {\bf Author} & {\bf Publisher} & {\bf Price}
4: \hline \hline
5: \TeX Book & Donald E. Knuth & ASCII Media Works & 6,000
6: \hline
7: Document processing system \LaTeX & Leslie Lamport & ASCII Media Works & 2,800
8: \hline
9: \LaTeX Beautiful documet creation & Haruhiko Okumura & Gijutsu-Hyohron Co. & 2,500
10: \hline
11: E:
' $

Title Author Publisher Price

TEX Book Donald E. Knuth ASCII Media Works ¥6,000

Document processing system LATEX Leslie Lamport ASCII Media Works ¥2,800
LATEX Beautiful documet creation Haruhiko Okumura Gijutsu-Hyohron Co., Ltd. ¥2,500

& %
Figure 2.23: Example for multi-row tabular comment 3

• Example for multi-row tabular comment 4

Next, to draw a partial horizontal ruled line, use \cline, such as \cline{1-2}. If you change the 6th line of the
above list to the following, you will get the following output.

List2.27 • Example for multi-row tabular comment 4

6: \cline{1-2} \cline{4-4}
' $

Title Author Publisher Price

TEX Book Donald E. Knuth ASCII Media Works ¥6,000

Document processing system LAT
EX Leslie Lamport ASCII Media Works ¥2,800
LATEX Beautiful documet creation Haruhiko Okumura Gijutsu-Hyohron Co., Ltd. ¥2,500

& %
Figure 2.24: Example for multi-row tabular comment 4
2.15. COMMENT SECTION 59

• Example for multi-row tabular comment 5

Next, to draw a partial vertical ruled line, use \vline, such as \vline{| l || l | lc | }. .. The \vline
command specified on each line is written for the vertical ruled line not specified on the WTAB: line. Therefore, the
vertical ruled line specified in the line WTAB: cannot be canceled.

List2.28 • Example for multi-row tabular comment 5

1: WTAB: TAB{|l||l|lc|} X(0) Y(0) IX(2) IY(2) F(5)
2: \hline
3: {\bf Title} & {\bf Author} & {\bf Publisher} & {\bf Price}
4: \hline \hline \vline{|l||l|l|c|}
5: \TeX Book & Donald E. Knuth & ASCII Media Works & 6,000
6: \cline{1-2}
7: Document processing system \LaTeX & Leslie Lamport & ASCII Media Works & 2,800
8: \hline
9: \LaTeX Beautiful documet creation & Haruhiko Okumura & Gijutsu-Hyohron Co. & 2,500
10: \hline \vline{|l||l|l|c|}
11: E:
' $

Title Author Publisher Price

TEX Book Donald E. Knuth ASCII Media Works ¥6,000

Document processing system LAT
EX Leslie Lamport ASCII Media Works ¥2,800
LATEX Beautiful documet creation Haruhiko Okumura Gijutsu-Hyohron Co., Ltd. ¥2,500

& %
Figure 2.25: Example for multi-row tabular comment 5

• Example for multi-row tabular comment 6

Next, use \selcolor{ } to color each cell. In the example below, the cell in the first row is grayed out. Only the
third line of Example 5 is shown. The \selcolor{ } specification must precede the cell element.

List2.29 • Example for multi-row tabular comment 6

3: \selcolor{k} {\bf Title} & {\bf Author} & \selcolor{k} {\bf Publisher} & {\bf Price}
' $

Title Author Publisher Price

TEX Book Donald E. Knuth ASCII Media Works ¥6,000

Document processing system LATEX Leslie Lamport ASCII Media Works ¥2,800
LATEX Beautiful documet creation Haruhiko Okumura Gijutsu-Hyohron Co., Ltd. ¥2,500

& %
Figure 2.26: Example for multi-row tabular comment 6
60 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.15.4 AW: Arrow comment section

Insert any string inside or outside the graph with an arrow. Format is only one line.

AW: String / X( x ) Y( y ) AX( ax ) AY( ay ) IR IL S( s ) C( c ) A( a ) T Z

Strings (including spaces) after AW: up to / are displayed with arrows according to the position and size specified
after /. Each parameter is explained below.

• Parameters for arrow comment

parameter explanation
X( x ) Set the starting position of the arrow be x in the X coordinate value.
Y( y ) Set the starting position of the arrow be y in the value of the Y coordinate.
AX( ax ) Set the end of the arrow be ax in X coordinate value.
AY( ay ) Set the end of the arrow be ay in Y coordinate value.
IR Set x be the position on the right side of the string.
IL Set x be the position on the left side of the string.
S( s ) Multiplies the size of the string by s with the default value of 1. (D=1)
C( c ) Set the color of the arrow and the character string be c 1 (D=e)
A( a ) Set the arrow open angle be a with a default value of 1.
Increases the thickness of the arrow and its line based on the default.
T
If you repeat it like TTT, it will get thicker in order.
Decrease the thickness of the arrow and its line based on the default.
Z
If you repeat it like ZZZ, it will become thinner in order.

Table 2.31: Parameters for arrow comment

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section.

The position of the comment is to the left of the arrow start point if the arrow tilt is positive, and to the right of
the arrow start point if the arrow tilt is negative. Please use IL, and IR to force the comment to be repositioned.
2.16. MESSAGE SECTION 61

• Example for arrow comment

To show the default positions of the arrow and the comment, an example using IL, and IR is shown below.

List2.30 • Example for arrow comment

1: AW: Arrow default/ X(0) Y(1.5) AX(1) AY(2.5) 3
2: AW: Arrow IL/ X(0) Y(0.5) AX(1) AY(1.5) IL
3: AW: Arrow default/ X(0) Y(-0.5) AX(-1) AY(0.5)
2
4: AW: Arrow IR/ X(0) Y(-1.5) AX(-1) AY(-0.5) IR
Arrow default
1
Arrow IL
0
Arrow default
−1
Arrow IR
−2

−3
−3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3

Figure 2.27: Example for arrow comment

2.16 Message section

The messages, which can be defined in this section, appear inside the outer frame for A4 paper, i.e., in the corners
and in the center of each. In default, the name of input file is displayed in the upper left corner and the date is
displayed in the upper right corner. The format is below.

MS{ U | D }{ R | C | L }:

The following string after : is displayed as a message. The type of each message section is below.

String explanation
MSUL: Message in the upper left corner
MSUC: Message in the upper center
MSUR: Message in the upper right corner
MSDL: Message in the lower left corner
MSDC: Message in the lower center
MSDR: Message in the lower right corner

Table 2.32: Type of the message section

62 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

• Parameters for message

parameter explanation
MSSG Draw a message on the outer frame of the paper.(default)
NOMS Do not draw the message on the outer frame of the paper.

Table 2.33: Parameters for message

• Position of the message

The positional relationship between the outer frame and the message is shown below.

List2.31 • Position of the message

1: MSUL: {\Huge Upper left corner}
2: MSUC: {\Huge Upper center}
3: MSUR: {\Huge Upper right corner}
4: MSDL: {\Huge Lower left corner}
5: MSDC: {\Huge Lower center}
6: MSDR: {\Huge Lower right corner}

Upper left corner Upper center Upper right corner

Lower left corner Lower center Lower right corner

Figure 2.28: Position of the message

2.17. SHAPE SECTION 63

2.17 Shape section

In this section, how to draw arrows and shapes inside and outside the graph is explained.

2.17.1 A: Arrow section

Draw arrows inside and outside the graph. The format is one line,

A: X( x ) Y( y ) AX( ax ) AY( ay ) C( c ) A( a ) N T Z

Arrows are plotted according to the position and size specified after A:. Each parameter is explained below.

• Parameters for arrow

parameter explanation
X( x ) Set the position of the start point of the arrow be x in the X coordinate.
Y( y ) Set the position of the start point of the arrow be y in the Y coordinate.
AX( ax ) Set the position of the end point of the arrow be ax in the X coordinate.
AY( ay ) Set the position of the end point of the arrow be ay in the Y coordinate.
C( c ) Set the arrow color be c 1 (D=e)
A( a ) Set the arrow open angle be a with a default value of 1.
N Do not draw the line of the arrow. The default is draw.
Increases the thickness of the arrow and its line based on the default.
T
If you repeat it like TTT, it will become thicker in order.
Decrease the thickness of the arrow and its line based on the default.
Z
If you repeat it like ZZZ, it will become thinner in order.

Table 2.34: Parameters for arrow

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section.

64 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.17.2 AB: Hollow arrow section

Draw hollow arrows inside and outside the graph. Format is one line

AB: X( x ) Y( y ) AX( ax ) AY( ay ) C( c ) CB( cb ) A( a ) N T Z

Hollow arrows are drawn according to the position and size specified after AB:. Each parameter is explained below.

• Parameters for hollow arrow

parameter explanation
X( x ) Set the position of the start point of the arrow be x in the X coordinate.
Y( y ) Set the position of the start point of the arrow be y in the Y coordinate.
AX( ax ) Set the position of the end point of the arrow be ax in the X coordinate.
AY( ay ) Set the position of the end point of the arrow be ay in the Y coordinate.
C( c ) Set the color of the arrow line be c 1 (D=e)
CB( cb ) Set the color of the inner of the arrow be cb (D=w)
A( a ) Set the arrow open angle be a with a default value of 1.
N Do not draw the line of the arrow. The default is draw.
Increases the thickness of the arrow and its line based on the default.
T
If you repeat it like TTT, it will become thicker in order.
Decrease the thickness of the arrow and its line thinner based on the default.
Z
If you repeat it like ZZZ, it will become thinner in order.

Table 2.35: Parameters for hollow arrow

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section.

2.17. SHAPE SECTION 65

• Example for arrow 1

List2.32 • Example for arrow 1
1: A: X(-2.5) AX(-1.5) Y( 3) AY( 3) N ZZZ
2: A: X(-2.5) AX(-1.5) Y( 2) AY( 2) N ZZ
3: A: X(-2.5) AX(-1.5) Y( 1) AY( 1) N Z
4: A: X(-2.5) AX(-1.5) Y( 0) AY( 0) N
5: A: X(-2.5) AX(-1.5) Y(-1) AY(-1) N T
6: A: X(-2.5) AX(-1.5) Y(-2) AY(-2) N TT
7: A: X(-2.5) AX(-1.5) Y(-3) AY(-3) N TTT
8: A: X(-1.5) AX(0) Y( 3) AY( 3) ZZZ
9: A: X(-1.5) AX(0) Y( 2) AY( 2) ZZ
10: A: X(-1.5) AX(0) Y( 1) AY( 1) Z
11: A: X(-1.5) AX(0) Y( 0) AY( 0)
12: A: X(-1.5) AX(0) Y(-1) AY(-1) T
13: A: X(-1.5) AX(0) Y(-2) AY(-2) TT
14: A: X(-1.5) AX(0) Y(-3) AY(-3) TTT
15: AB: X(0.5) AX(1.5) Y( 3) AY( 3) N ZZZ
16: AB: X(0.5) AX(1.5) Y( 2) AY( 2) N ZZ
17: AB: X(0.5) AX(1.5) Y( 1) AY( 1) N Z
18: AB: X(0.5) AX(1.5) Y( 0) AY( 0) N
19: AB: X(0.5) AX(1.5) Y(-1) AY(-1) N T
3
20: AB: X(0.5) AX(1.5) Y(-2) AY(-2) N TT
21: AB: X(0.5) AX(1.5) Y(-3) AY(-3) N TTT
22: AB: X(1.5) AX(3.5) Y( 3) AY( 3) ZZZ
23: AB: X(1.5) AX(3.5) Y( 2) AY( 2) ZZ 2
24: AB: X(1.5) AX(3.5) Y( 1) AY( 1) Z
25: AB: X(1.5) AX(3.5) Y( 0) AY( 0)
26: AB: X(1.5) AX(3.5) Y(-1) AY(-1) T
1
27: AB: X(1.5) AX(3.5) Y(-2) AY(-2) TT
28: AB: X(1.5) AX(3.5) Y(-3) AY(-3) TTT

−1

−2

−3

−3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4

Figure 2.29: Example for arrow 1

The top 7 lines are arrows without lines, the next 7 lines are ordinary arrows, the next 7 lines are hollow arrows
without lines, and the last is a hollow arrow. The thickness can be changed using two parameters of Z and T. The
arrows shown in the middle of the Figure 2.29 is in default. The top of arrow can be thin by Z, while the bottom
can be thick by T. An arrow without a line part draws a triangular arrow with the start point of the arrow as the
center of gravity toward the end point. In that case, there is no corresponding length of the arrow.
66 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

• Example for arrow 2

List2.33 • Example for arrow 2
1: A: X(-2.5) AX(-1.5) Y( 2) AY( 2) N TTT A(0.3)
2: A: X(-2.5) AX(-1.5) Y( 1) AY( 1) N TTT A(0.5)
3: A: X(-2.5) AX(-1.5) Y( 0) AY( 0) N TTT
4: A: X(-2.5) AX(-1.5) Y(-1) AY(-1) N TTT A(1.5)
5: A: X(-2.5) AX(-1.5) Y(-2) AY(-2) N TTT A(2.0)
6: A: X(-1.5) AX(0) Y( 2) AY( 2) TTT A(0.3)
7: A: X(-1.5) AX(0) Y( 1) AY( 1) TTT A(0.5)
8: A: X(-1.5) AX(0) Y( 0) AY( 0) TTT
9: A: X(-1.5) AX(0) Y(-1) AY(-1) TTT A(1.5)
10: A: X(-1.5) AX(0) Y(-2) AY(-2) TTT A(2.0)
11: AB: X(0.5) AX(1.5) Y( 2) AY( 2) TTT N A(0.3)
12: AB: X(0.5) AX(1.5) Y( 1) AY( 1) TTT N A(0.5)
13: AB: X(0.5) AX(1.5) Y( 0) AY( 0) TTT N
14: AB: X(0.5) AX(1.5) Y(-1) AY(-1) TTT N A(1.5)
15: AB: X(0.5) AX(1.5) Y(-2) AY(-2) TTT N A(2.0)
16: AB: X(1.5) AX(3.5) Y( 2) AY( 2) TTT A(0.3)
17: AB: X(1.5) AX(3.5) Y( 1) AY( 1) TTT A(0.5)
18: AB: X(1.5) AX(3.5) Y( 0) AY( 0) TTT
19: AB: X(1.5) AX(3.5) Y(-1) AY(-1) TTT A(1.5)
20: AB: X(1.5) AX(3.5) Y(-2) AY(-2) TTT A(2.0)

−1

−2

−3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4

Figure 2.30: Example for arrow 2

Using A(), you can change the opening angle of the arrow for each arrow type. The arrows shown in the
middle of Figure 2.30 is in default.
2.17. SHAPE SECTION 67

2.17.3 POLG: Circle and polygon section

Draw circles and polygons inside and outside the graph. The format is one line,

POLG: X( x ) Y( y ) S( s ) SX( sx ) SY( sy ) CL( cl ) CB( cb ) A( a ) PL( pl )

A circle or polygon is drawn according to the position and size specified after POLG:. Each parameter is explained
below.

• Parameters for circle and polygon

parameter explanation
X( x ) Set the center position of the circle and polygon be x in the X coordinate.
Y( y ) Set the center position of the circle and polygon be y in the Y coordinate.
S( s ) Multiply the size of circles and polygons by s with the default value of 1. (D=1)
SX( sx ) Multiply the size of circles and polygons by sx in the x direction with the default value of 1. (D=1)
SY( sx ) Multiply the size of circles and polygons by sy in the y direction with the default value of 1.(D=1)
CL( cl ) Set the color of the circle and polygon lines be cl 1 (D=e)
CB( cb ) Set the color of the inner of the circle and polygon be cb (D=w)
A( a ) Rotate circles and polygons counterclockwise by a degrees around (x, y) (D=0)
PL( pl ) Set the polygon be a pl polygon (D=5) pl = 0 In this case, it becomes a circle.

Table 2.36: Parameters for circle and polygon

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section.

68 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

• Example for circle and polygon

List2.34 • Example for circle and polygon
1: POLG: X(-2) Y(2.5) PL(3)
2: POLG: X( 0) Y(2.5) PL(4)
3: POLG: X( 2) Y(2.5) PL(5)
4: POLG: X(-2) Y(1.0) PL(6)
5: POLG: X( 0) Y(1.0) PL(7)
6: POLG: X( 2) Y(1.0) PL(8)
7: POLG: X(-2) Y(-0.5) PL(9)
8: POLG: X( 0) Y(-0.5) PL(10)
9: POLG: X( 2) Y(-0.5) PL(20)
10: POLG: X(-2) Y(-2.4) PL(0)
11: POLG: X( 0) Y(-2.4) PL(0) SX(1.5)
12: POLG: X( 2) Y(-2.4) PL(0) SY(1.5)

−1

−2

−3

−3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3

Figure 2.31: Example for circle and polygon

2.17. SHAPE SECTION 69

2.17.4 BOX: Box section

Draw boxes and shaded boxes inside and outside the graph. The format is one line.

BOX: X( x ) Y( y ) S( s ) SX( sx ) SY( sy ) CL( cl ) CB( cb ) CS( cs ) A( a )

BOX( boxname )

Draw boxes according to the position and size specified after BOX:. Each parameter is explained below.

• Parameters for box

parameter explanation
X( x ) Set the center of the box be x in the X coordinate.
Y( y ) Set the center of the box be y in the Y coordinate.
S( s ) Multiply the size of the box by s with the default value of 1. (D=1)
SX( sx ) Multiply the size of the box by sx in the x direction with the default value of 1. (D=1)
SY( sx ) Multiply the size of the box by sy in the y direction with the default value of 1. (D=1)
CL( cl ) Set the line color of the box be cl 1 (D=e)
CB( cb ) Set the color of the inner of the box be cb (D=w)
CS( cs ) Let the shadow color of the box be cs (D=e)
A( a ) Rotate the box counterclockwise by a degrees around (x, y) (D=0)
BOX( boxnae ) Let the box type be boxname.

Table 2.37: Parameters for box

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section.

There are five types of boxes as follows.

boxname explanation
siglebox Square box with one line
ovalbox Box with rounded corners with one line
doublebox Square box with double lines
shadowbox Square box with one line and shadow
ovalshadowbox Box with rounded corners with one line and shadow

Table 2.38: Box type

In these boxname, capitalizing the first letter makes the box line thicker. Also, capitalizing b in box increases
the margin around it. If there is no string inside, the box just gets a little bigger. If there is a string, the gap between
the string and the box becomes large. There are variations for each of the above 5 types of boxes, making a total
of 20 types of boxes.
70 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

• Example for box

List2.35 • Example for box
1: BOX: X(-2.) Y(2.5) BOX(singlebox) 13: BOX: X(-2.) Y(-3.5) BOX(shadowbox)
2: BOX: X(0.3) Y(2.5) BOX(Singlebox) 14: BOX: X(0.3) Y(-3.5) BOX(Shadowbox)
3: BOX: X(3.0) Y(2.5) BOX(singleBox) 15: BOX: X(3.0) Y(-3.5) BOX(shadowBox)
4: BOX: X(6.2) Y(2.5) BOX(SingleBox) 16: BOX: X(6.2) Y(-3.5) BOX(ShadowBox)
5: BOX: X(-2.) Y(0.5) BOX(ovalbox) 17: BOX: X(-2.) Y(-5.5) BOX(ovalshadowbox)
6: BOX: X(0.3) Y(0.5) BOX(Ovalbox) 18: BOX: X(0.3) Y(-5.5) BOX(Ovalshadowbox)
7: BOX: X(3.0) Y(0.5) BOX(ovalBox) 19: BOX: X(3.0) Y(-5.5) BOX(ovalshadowBox)
8: BOX: X(6.2) Y(0.5) BOX(OvalBox) 20: BOX: X(6.2) Y(-5.5) BOX(OvalshadowBox)
9: BOX: X(-2.) Y(-1.5) BOX(doublebox)
10: BOX: X(0.3) Y(-1.5) BOX(Doublebox)
11: BOX: X(3.0) Y(-1.5) BOX(doubleBox)
12: BOX: X(6.2) Y(-1.5) BOX(DoubleBox)

−2

−4

−6

−2 0 2 4 6 8

Figure 2.32: Example for box

2.17. SHAPE SECTION 71

2.17.5 RIBN: Ribbon section

Draw a ribbon inside and outside the graph. Format is one line

RIBN: X( x ) Y( y ) S( s ) SX( sx ) SY( sy ) CL( cl ) CB( cb ) CS( cs ) A( a ) T Z

The ribbon is drawn according to the position and size specified after RIBN:. Each parameter is explained below.

• Parameters for ribbon

parameter explanation
X( x ) Set the center of the ribbon be x in the X coordinate.
Y( y ) Let the center of the ribbon be y in the Y coordinate.
S( s ) Multiply the size of the ribbon by s with the default value of 1 (D=1)
SX( sx ) Multiply the size of the ribbon by sx in the x direction with the default value of 1. (D=1)
SY( sx ) Multiply the size of the ribbon by sy in the y direction with the default value of 1. (D=1)
CL( cl ) Set the ribbon line color be cl 1 (D=e)
CB( cb ) Set the color of the inner of the ribbon be cb (D=w)
CS( cs ) Set the shadow color of the ribbon be cs (D=j)
A( a ) Rotate the ribbon counterclockwise by a degrees around (x, y) (D=0)
Increases the thickness of the ribbon line based on the default.
T
If you repeat it like TTT, it will become thicker in order.
Decrease the thickness of the ribbon line based on the default.
Z
If you repeat it like ZZZ, it will become thinner in order.

Table 2.39: Parameters for ribbon

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section.

72 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

• Example for ribbon

List2.36 • Example for ribbon
1: RIBN: X(0) Y(2.0) SX(1.5) SY(2.0)
2: RIBN: X(0) Y(0)
3: RIBN: X(0) Y(-1.5) S(1.5) CB(y) CS(rrr)
4: RIBN: X(-5) Y(-4.5) A(-45)
5: RIBN: X( 5) Y(-4.5) A( 45)

−2

−4

−6 −4 −2 0 2 4 6

Figure 2.33: Example for ribbon

2.17. SHAPE SECTION 73

2.17.6 STAR: Star section

Draw a star on the inside and outside of the graph. The format is one line,

STAR: X( x ) Y( y ) S( s ) SX( sx ) SY( sy ) CL( cl ) CB( cb ) A( a ) T Z PL( pl ) V( v )

A star shape is drawn according to the position and size specified after STAR:. Each parameter is explained below.

• Parameters for star

parameter explanation
X( x ) Set the center of the star be x in the X coordinate.
Y( y ) Set the center of the star be y in the Y coordinate.
S( s ) Multiply the size of the star by s with the default value of 1. (D=1)
SX( sx ) Multiply the size of the star by sx in the x direction with the default value of 1. (D=1)
SY( sx ) Multiply the size of the star by sy in the y direction with the default value of 1.(D=1)
CL( cl ) Set the color of the star line be cl 1 (D=e)
CB( cb ) Set the color of the inner of the star be cb (D=w)
A( a ) Rotate the star counterclockwise by a degrees around (x, y) (D=0)
Increases the thickness of the star-shaped line based on the default.
T
If you repeat it like TTT, it will become thicker in order.
Decrease the thickness of the star line based on the default.
Z
If you repeat it like ZZZ, it will become thinner in order.
PL( pl ) Set the star polygon be a pl polygon (D=5)
V( v ) Set the unevenness of the polygon of the star be v with the default value 1. (D=1)

Table 2.40: Parameters for star

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section.

74 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

• Example for star

List2.37 • Example for star
1: STAR: X(-2) Y(2.5) PL(3)
2: STAR: X( 0) Y(2.5) PL(4)
3: STAR: X( 2) Y(2.5) PL(5)
4: STAR: X(-2) Y(1.0) PL(6)
5: STAR: X( 0) Y(1.0) PL(7)
6: STAR: X( 2) Y(1.0) PL(8)
7: STAR: X(-2) Y(-0.5) PL(9)
8: STAR: X( 0) Y(-0.5) PL(10)
9: STAR: X( 2) Y(-0.5) PL(20)
10: STAR: X(-2) Y(-2.0) PL(5) V(0.5)
11: STAR: X( 0) Y(-2.0) PL(5) V(1.3)
12: STAR: X( 2) Y(-2.0) PL(5) V(1.6)

−1

−2

−3
−3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3

Figure 2.34: Example for star

2.18. P: PARAMETER SECTION 75

2.18 P: Parameter section

In this parameter section, starting with P: means the definition of parameters related with the details of the graph.
The parameter name is 4 characters and can include arguments. The parameter names are not case sensitive. The
parameters are explained below for each item.

2.18.1 A4 paper layout

parameter explanation
LAND Arrange the graph horizontally in A4. (default)
PORT Arrange the graph vertically in A4. ( The same is true for IROT.)
Arrange the graph by reducing the A4 horizontal LAND in half and
SLND placing it in the lower half of the A4 vertical. This is convenient when
you cannot rotate when importing to LaTeX etc.

Table 2.41: Parameters for A4 paper layout

Each layout of the A4 paper is shown below. The outermost frame is the outline of the A4 paper.
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1.0
0.8

1.0
LAND

0.6

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0.8
X
0.4

0.6 1.0

PORT
Y

0.8
0.4
0.2

0.6
SLND
Y

0.2 0.4
0.0
1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0

0.0 0.2
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
File = a4001.ang

Y
0.0
X 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
X

Figure 2.35: LAND Figure 2.36: PORT Figure 2.37: SLND

76 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.18.2 Choice of paper

The default size of paper is A4, but the following parameters allow you to select the paper type.

parameter explanation
A4PP Set the paper size to A4. (default)
A4US Set the paper size to US letter.
A3PP Set the paper size to A3.
A5PP Set the paper size to A5.
B3PP Set the paper size to B3.
B4PP Set the paper size to B4.
B5PP Set the paper size to B5.

Table 2.42: Parameters for choice of paper

2.18.3 Frame and message

parameter explanation
FRAM Draw the outer frame of the paper. (default)
NOFR Do not draw the outer frame of the paper.
CLFR( c ) Set the frame color be c 1 . (D=e)
MSSG Draw a message on the outer frame of the paper. (default)
NOMS Do not draw the message on the outer frame of the paper.
CLMS( c ) Set the color of all messages be c. (D=e)

Table 2.43: frame parameter

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section.

2.18.4 Graph title

parameter explanation
TITL Displays the graph title. (default)
NOTL Does not display the graph title.
Set the position of the graph title be x with the length of the X axis as
TLXP( x ) 1. (D=0.5)
It can only be moved in the X-axis direction.
CLTL( c ) Set the color of the graph title be c 1 . (D=e)

Table 2.44: Parameters for graph title

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section.

2.18. P: PARAMETER SECTION 77

2.18.5 Position of graph

parameter explanation
Defines the position of the origin of the axes. (0, 0) is the default,
and its position is from the left and bottom edges of the paper frame,
(4.5cm, 3.0cm) for LAND, and (4.0cm, 3.5cm) for PORT. In the case of
XORG( x )
a multigraph, the origin positions of the second and subsequent graphs
is the position of the previous graph. The unit of (x, y) is X-axis and
YORG( y )
Y-axis length as 1, and it moves by (x, y) from the default position. In
the case of a multi-graph, the second and subsequent graphs are based
on the length of the X-axis and Y-axis of the previous graph.
ANGL( a ) Rotate the entire graph counterclockwise by a degrees around the origin.

Table 2.45: Parameters for position of graph

78 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

File = a4004.ang Date = 14:56 04-Jul-2003

14.0 cm

10.5 cm
LAND

4.5 cm
3.0 cm

Figure 2.38: LAND position

File = a4005.ang Date = 14:56 04-Jul-2003

14.0 cm
10.5 cm

PORT

4.0 cm
3.5 cm

Figure 2.39: PORT position

2.18. P: PARAMETER SECTION 79

2.18.6 Scale

parameter explanation
Scale the size of the entire graph. s = 1.0 is the default and is specified as a ratio to
SCAL( s )
the default. Scale everything including the position of the origin.
Specify the length of the X axis. x = 1.0 is 14 cm in default. Specify x as a ratio to
XFAC( x )
the default.
Specifies the ratio of Y-axis length to X-axis length. The default is f = Y/X = 0.75.
FORM( f ) Even if this is changed, the position of the origin and the length of the X-axis do not
change. That is, only the length of the Y-axis changes.
Scale the scale, thickness, numbers, text, and titles of the axes. a = 1.0 is the de-
AFAC( a ) fault and is specified as a ratio to the default. Note that comments, arrow comments,
legends, graph line thicknesses, are not scaled.

Table 2.46: Parameters for scale

From the next page, we will show how the default output changes for each parameter due to changes in these
parameters. The text may or may not change depending on the size of the graph, so combine them to draw the
desired graph.
80 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

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dσ/dΩdE (nb/MeV/sr) Comment =12C +40Ca

60

40

Arrow
20

0
0 2 4 6
E (MeV)

Figure 2.40: SCAL(0.8)

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Comment =12C +40Ca

dσ/dΩdE (nb/MeV/sr)

60

40

Arrow
20

0
0 2 4 6
E (MeV)

Figure 2.41: SCAL(1.0)

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dσ/dΩdE (nb/MeV/sr)

60

40

Arrow
20

0
0 2 4 6
E (MeV)

Figure 2.42: SCAL(1.2)

2.18. P: PARAMETER SECTION 81

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dσ/dΩdE (nb/MeV/sr)
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60

40

Arrow
20

0
0 2 4 6
E (MeV)

Figure 2.43: XFAC(0.8)

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dσ/dΩdE (nb/MeV/sr)

60

40

Arrow
20

0
0 2 4 6
E (MeV)

Figure 2.44: XFAC(1.0)

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60
dσ/dΩdE (nb/MeV/sr)

40

Arrow
20

0
0 2 4 6
E (MeV)

Figure 2.45: XFAC(1.2)

82 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

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60

40
Arrow
20

0
0 2 4 6
E (MeV)

Figure 2.46: FORM(0.5)

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dσ/dΩdE (nb/MeV/sr)

60

40

Arrow
20

0
0 2 4 6
E (MeV)

Figure 2.47: FORM(0.75)

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60
dσ/dΩdE (nb/MeV/sr)

40

Arrow
20

0
0 2 4 6
E (MeV)

Figure 2.48: FORM(1.0)

2.18. P: PARAMETER SECTION 83

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Figure 2

Comment =12C +40Ca

60

dσ/dΩdE (nb/MeV/sr) Histogram

40 Spline
Error bar
Arrow
20

0
0 2 4 6
E (MeV)

Figure 2.49: AFAC(0.8)

File = fs011.ang Date = 15:10 04-Jul-2003

Figure 2

Comment =12C +40Ca

dσ/dΩdE (nb/MeV/sr)

60

Histogram
40 Spline
Error bar
Arrow
20

0
0 2 4 6
E (MeV)

Figure 2.50: AFAC(1.0)

File = fs012.ang Date = 15:10 04-Jul-2003

Figure 2
dσ/dΩdE (nb/MeV/sr)

Comment =12C +40Ca

60

Histogram
40 Spline
Error bar
Arrow
20

0
0 2 4 6
E (MeV)

Figure 2.51: AFAC(1.2)

84 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.18.7 XY axis display

parameter explanation
AFRM Displays the axis lines of the X and Y axes. (default)
NOAF Does not display the axis lines of the X and Y axes.
XLIN, YLIN The X and Y axes are displayed in linear scale. (default)
XLOG, YLOG The X and Y axes are displayed in logarithmic scale.
XDEC Decimal notation for horizontal axis values.
XEXP Exponential notation for horizontal axis values.
YDEC Decimal notation for vertical axis values.
YEXP Exponential notation for vertical axis values.

Table 2.47: Parameters for axis display

2.18.8 Title of XY axis

parameter explanation
ATXS( a ) Multiply the size of the axis title by a (D=1)
XTXP( x ) Set the position of the X-axis title be x with the axis length of 1. (D=0.5)
YTXP( y ) Set the position of the Y-axis title be y with the axis length of 1. (D=0.5)
NOXT Does not display the X-axis title.
NOYT Does not display the Y-axis title.
CLTX( c ) Set the color of the XY axis title be c 1 . (D=e)
X-axis title display options



 −1 : Display on the upper side



XTXT( ix )  0 : Do not display
ix = 



 1 : Display at the bottom (default)

 2 : Display on both sides

Y-axis title display options




 −1 : Display on the right



YTXT( iy )  0 : Do not display
iy = 



 1 : Display on the left (default)

 2 : Display on both sides

Table 2.48: Parameters for XY axis title

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section.

2.18. P: PARAMETER SECTION 85

2.18.9 XY axis scale

parameter explanation
X-axis scale display options



 −1 : Display on the upper side



XTIC( ix )  0 : Do not display
ix = 



 1 : Display at the bottom

 2 : Display on both sides (default)

Y-axis scale display options




 −1 : Display on the right side



YTIC( iy )  0 : Do not display
iy = 



 1 : Display on the left

 2 : Display on both sides (default)

XY axis scale orientation options




 −1 : Display on the outside
ITIC( i ) 
i=  0 : Do not display

 1 : Display inside (default)

XY axis tick spacing options


XDTC( i ) 

 −1 : Narrow the interval

YDTC( i ) i=  0 : default

 1 : Widen the interval

XLTD( x )
Explicitly specify the distance between long axis tick marks with x, y.
YLTD( y )
XSTD( x )
Explicitly specify the distance between the short axis tick marks with x, y.
YSTD( y )
XLTV( x )
Explicitly specify the coordinates of a point with a long axis scale in x, y.
YLTV( y )
XSTV( x )
Explicitly specify the coordinates of a point with a short axis scale in x, y.
YSTV( y )
CLAX( c ) Set the color of the graph frame and scale be c 1 . (D=e)

Table 2.49: Parameters for for XY axis scale

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section.

Caution
From AN GE L ver.3, the parameters of XTIC, YTIC have been renamed. The previous XTIC, YTIC becomes
XDTC, YDTC. The above function is newly added as XTIC, YTIC. Please change each one.
86 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.18.10 XY axis scale numbers

XY-axis tick numbers are displayed at the location of the long axis tick marks on the XY-axis.

parameter explanation
NOXN Does not display X-axis scale numbers.
NOYN Does not display Y-axis scale numbers.
X-axis scale number display options



 −1 : Display on the upper side



XNUM( ix )  0 : Do not display
ix = 



 1 : Display at the bottom (default)

 2 : Display on both sides

Y-axis scale number display options




 −1 : Display on the right



YNUM( iy )  0 : Do not display
iy = 



 1 : Display on the left (default)

 2 : Display on both sides

XTDC( ix )
Explicitly specify the number of decimal places in the tick mark ix, iy.
YTDC( iy )
CLNM( c ) Let the color of the numbers on the XY axis scale be c 1 . (D=e)

Table 2.50: Parameters for XY axis scale numbers

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section.

2.18.11 Macro parameters for XY axes

Macro parameters are prepared to specify some parameters related to the XY axes.

parameter explanation
NOTC Does not display XY axis scales and scale numbers.
NOTN Does not display XY axis scales, scale numbers, and titles.
NOTF Does not display XY axis scales, scale numbers, titles, and axis lines.

Table 2.51: Macro parameters for XY axis

Here, NOTC can be used as an existing parameter, as the three parameter specifications of ITIC(0) NOXN
NOYN. In addition to above parameters, NOXT and NOYT can be defined for NOXN, while NOTF can be defined for
NOYN.
2.18. P: PARAMETER SECTION 87

The following is a typical example when defining thedisplay parameters for the XY axis title, axis scale, and
axis scale numbers. Noted that other items are not displayed for each item. For example, in the axis title, the axis
scale and the axis scale number are not displayed.

X-axis Title
Y-axis Title

Y-axis Title

Y-axis Title

Y-axis Title
DFAULT XTXT(-1) YTXT(2)

X-axis Title X-axis Title

DFAULT ITIC(-1) XTIC(0)

−1.0 −0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0

1.0 1.0

0.5 0.5
XNUM(-1) YNUM(-1)
0.0 DFAULT 0.0
YNUM(0) XNUM(0)
−0.5 −0.5

−1.0 −1.0
−1.0 −0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0

Figure 2.52: XY axis title, Axis scale, Axis scale number

88 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.18.12 Maximum and Minimum

parameter explanation
By default, the maximum and minimum values of X and Y axis are automati-
cally determined from the range of the X and Y values. At that time, 7 % of the
length of the X and Y axes is automatically added to the outside as a margin.
SPAC
If the sign of the value does not change and the minimum value (or maximum
value) is 25 % or less of the maximum value − minimum value, 0 is set to the
minimum value (or maximum value).
Set the X and Y margins to zero. This is convenient when you want to draw a
NOSP contour map or explicitly specify the maximum and minimum values to draw
the axes.
NOSX Set the X margin to zero.
NOSY Set the Y margin to zero.
XMIN( xmin ) Explicitly specify the maximum and minimum values for the X and Y axes. If
XMAX( xmax ) this is not specified, it will be automatically determined from the input data.
YMIN( ymin ) Also, if NOSP, NOSX, NOSY is not specified even with this specification, the
YMAX( ymax ) axis will have a margin of 7 % on the outside.

Table 2.52: Parameters for maximum and minimum

2.18.13 Unit conversion and scale

If the display of the axis in units of time and length is linear, if the real number is large, or if there are many
numbers after the decimal point, the scale display of these axes may be difficult to see. In this case, you can adjust
the axis using the factor in the H: line. When the X-axis titles are [nsec] (nanosec), [cm] or [sec], you can use the
following parameters for adjusting scale and axis. In the same manner, you can also change the title at the same
time.

parameter explanation
NSPS Scales [nsec] (nanosec) to [psec] (piko sec).
NSUS Scale [nsec] (nanosec) to [µsec] (microsec).
NSMS Scales [nsec] (nano sec) to [msec] (mili sec).
NSSC Scales [nsec] (nanosec) to [sec].
When scaling [nsec] (nanosec) with the above parameters, if the Y-axis
NSYY
title has /nsec, the Y-axis units will also be scaled.

Table 2.53: Scale parameter when X-axis is [nsec]

2.18. P: PARAMETER SECTION 89

parameter explanation
CMNM [cm] Scale to [nm] (nano meter).
CMUM Scale [cm] to [µm] (micrometer).
CMMM Scale [cm] to [mm].
CMMT Scale [cm] to [m].
CMKM Scale [cm] to [km].
When scaling [cm] with the above parameters, if the Y-axis title has
CMYY
/cm, the Y-axis units will also be scaled.

Table 2.54: Scale parameter when the X axis is [cm]

parameter explanation
SCSC Scales [sec] to [sec]. (default)
SCMN Scale [sec] to [min].
SCHR Scale [sec] to [hour].
SCDY Scales [sec] to [day].
SCYR Scale [sec] to [year].

Table 2.55: Scale parameter when the X axis is [sec]

In default, the unit for [sec] is scaled to minutes for the case of 10 minutes more and less than 10 hours, to
hours for 10 hours more and less than 10 days, to days for 10 days more and less than 10 years, and to years for 10
years more. If you want to scale the units by users use the parameters above.

parameter explanation
XMUL( x f ac )
YMUL( y f ac ) Scales the X, Y, Z axes by x f ac, y f ac, z f ac.
ZMUL( z f ac )

Table 2.56: Axis scale parameters

90 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.18.14 User-defined constant display

parameter explanation
CNST Displays user-defined constants.
NOCN Does not display user-defined constants. (default)
CONX( x ) The position of the left end of the constant display is x n the X coordinate.
CONY( y ) The position of the upper end of the constant display is y in the Y coordinate.
CONS( s ) The size of the constant display is s with the default value of 1.
CLCN( c ) The color of the characters in the constant display is c 1 . (D=e)
CBOX( boxname ) Enclose the entire constant display in a box of boxname 2 .
CBCB( cb ) Set the background color of the constant display box be cb. (D=w)
CBCL( cl ) The color of the frame of the constant display box is cl. (D=e)
CBCS( cs ) Set the shadow color of the constant display box be cs. (D=e)

Table 2.57: Parameters for user-defined constant display

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section.

2 Definition of boxname is shown in the BOX: section.

2.18.15 Function fit coefficient display

parameter explanation
PARA Displays the function fit coefficient.
NOPA Does not display the function fit coefficient. (default)
PARX( x ) Set the position at the left end of the coefficient display be x in the X coordinate.
PARY( y ) Set the position of the upper end of the coefficient display be y in the Y coordinate.
PARS( s ) The size of the coefficient display is s with the default value of 1.
CLPA( c ) The color of the characters in the coefficient display is c 1 . (D=e)
PBOX( boxname ) Enclose the entire coefficient display in a box of boxname 2 .
PBCB( cb ) Set the background color of the coefficient display box be cb. (D=w)
PBCL( cl ) Set the color of the frame of the coefficient display box be cl. (D=e)
PBCS( cs ) set the shadow color of the coefficient display box be cs. (D=e)

Table 2.58: Paramaeters for function fit coefficient display

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section.

2 Definition of boxname is shown in the BOX: section.
2.18. P: PARAMETER SECTION 91

2.18.16 Legend display

parameter explanation
LEGN Display the legend. (default)
NOLG Does not display the legend.
LEGX( x ) Set the leftmost position of the legend be x in the X coordinate.
LEGY( y ) Set the position of the top of the legend be y in the Y coordinate.
LEGS( s ) Set the legend size be s with a default value of 1.
CLLG( c ) Let the text color of the legend be c 1 . (D=e)
LBOX( boxname ) Enclose the entire legend in a box of boxname 2 .
LBCB( cb ) Set the background color of the legend box be cb. (D=w)
LBCL( cl ) Set the frame color of the legend box be cl. (D=e)
LBCS( cs ) Set the shadow color of the legend box be cs. (D=e)

Table 2.59: Parameters for legend display

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section.

2 Definition of boxname is shown in the BOX: section.

2.18.17 Change of line type pattern length and symbol

parameter explanation
LPTL( r ) Set the pattern length be r with a default value of 1.
SYBW( r ) Set the thickness of the line that draws the symbol be r with a default value of 1.

Table 2.60: Parameters for the change of line type pattern length and symbol
92 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.18.18 Contour

paramameter explanation
ICUT( i ) Set the number of contour lines be i. The default is 10.
Specify the height of the contour lines with r1 , r2 , .... The number is free. Also, the
order of the size of r1 , r2 , ... is arbitrary. If not specified, 10 contour lines will be
CUTS( r1 , r2 , r3 , ...., rN )
inserted, which are the intervals between the maximum and minimum heights divided
into 10 equal parts.
COLN( c ) Set the contour color be c 1 .
c1 , c2 , c3 , ...., cN specifies the color and grayscale. The contour lines with these
COLS( c1 , c2 , c3 , ...., cN )
colors corresponds to those specified by CUTS( r1 , r2 , r3 , ...., rN ).
COLS If you specify only COLS, the colors will be sorted automatically.
SMAX( c ) Specifies the maximum and minimum color.
SMIN( c ) The defaults are red (R) and blue (B).
ZLIN Divide the height of the contour lines into equal parts with a linear scalee. (default)
ZLOG Divide the height of the contour lines into equal parts in logarithmic scale.
Specifies the line thickness of the contour lines. The default is id = 4 in the unit of
IWD2( id )
1/300 inch.
Interpolates and smooths contour lines. By default, 4-point interpolation is performed,
IPD2 and to increase the number of interpolation points, use [ ] and specify with n, such
as IPD2[n].
Smooth the mesh data with Gauss smearing. By default, adjacent meshes (n = 1), to
IPDS
increase the number of meshes, use [ ] and n and specify with n, such as IPDS[n].

Table 2.61: Parameters for contour line

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section.

2.18. P: PARAMETER SECTION 93

2.18.19 Cluster plot

parameters explanation
Specify the size of the cluster. By default, the maximum value fills the entire rectangle,
and the other values fill the area proportional to the height of the data relative to the
CLUS( f )
maximum value. f = 1 (default) means that the entire rectangle is filled by the cluster,
and the value of f specifies the size of the of the rectangle for the maximal value.
The size of the cluster is determined proportional to the height of the data in linear scale
ZLIN
(default),
The size of the cluster is determined proportional to the height of the data in logarithmic
ZLOG
scale.
DMAX( dmax ) Set dmax as the maximum value, neglect the data which values are greater than dmax.
DMIN( dmin ) Set dmin as the minimum value, neglect the data which values are smaller than dmin.
CMAX( cmax ) Display the data which value is greater than cmax in size of the cmax.
CMIN( cmin ) Display the data which value is saller than cmin in size of the cmin.
CLHD( c ) Set the cluster color to c 1 .

Table 2.62: Parameter for the cluster plot

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section

2.18.20 Color cluster plot

parameters explanation
The color of the cluster is determined proportional to the height of the data in a linear
ZLIN
scale. (default).
The color of the cluster is determined proportional to the height of the data in a logarithmic
ZLOG
scale.
DMAX( dmax ) Set dmax as the maximum value, neglect the data which values are greater than dmax.
DMIN( dmin ) Set dmin as the minimum value, neglect the data which values are smaller than dmin.
CMAX( cmax ) Display the data which value is greater than cmax in color of the cmax.
CMIN( cmin ) Display the data which value is smaller than cmin in color of the cmin.
SMAX( c ) Specify the maximum and minimum color
SMIN( c ) THe default are red(R) and blue(B).
IPDC Automatically interpolate by halving the mesh spacing.

Table 2.63: Parameters for the color cluster plot

94 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.18.21 Color

parameter explanation
COLO Enable color (default)
MONO( c ) Makes everything where the color is set black and white.
(c) can be omitted. The default value for c is 1.
You can lighten the grayscale tones by specifying 0 ≤ c ≤ 1.
CLAL( c ) Set all colors be c 1 (D=e)
CLFR( c ) Set the color of frame be c (D=e)
CLMS( c ) Set the color of all messages be c. (D=e)
CLTL( c ) Set the color of the graph title be c. (D=e)
CLTX( c ) Set the color of the XY axis title be c. (D=e)
CLAX( c ) Set the color of the graph frame and scale be c. (D=e)
CLNM( c ) Set the color of the numbers on the XY axis scale be c. (D=e)
CLBG( c ) Set the background color outside the axes be c. (D=w)
CLIN( c ) Set the background color in the axes be c. (D=w)
CLLG( c ) Set the text color of the legend be c. (D=e)
CLCN( c ) Set the color of the characters in the constant display be c. (D=e)
CLPA( c ) Set the color of the text in the coefficient display be c. (D=e)
CLHD( c ) Set the color of the cluster be c. (D=e)

Table 2.64: Parameters for color

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section.

2.18.22 BoundingBox display

parameter explanation
BBSW The Bounding Box is displayed as a red line.
NOBB Does not display the Bounding Box. (default)

Table 2.65: Parameters for BoundingBox display

2.18. P: PARAMETER SECTION 95

2.18.23 Debug output

parameter explanation
DEBG Write the comments in the EPS file for debugging.
NODB Compact EPS output. (default)

Table 2.66: Parameters for debug output

2.18.24 Font parameter

parameter explanation
BFON( f ) Set the font of the text be f 1 . (D=0)
TFON( f ) Let the font of the scale numbers be f (D=0)
Set the output of \today, \time be in alphanumeric, if ks is written in
DATE( ks ) alphanumeric, while in Japanese characters if ks is written in Japanese
characters. The default is alphanumerical.

Table 2.67: Font parameters

1 Definition of the font is shown in the font section.

2.18.25 Macro parameter

parameter explanation
NOTC Does not display XY axis scales and scale numbers.
NOTN Does not display XY axis scales, scale numbers, and titles.
NOTF Does not display XY axis scales, scale numbers, titles, and axis lines.
NOCM Does not show all comments.
SECL Set the scale coordinates for A4 Horizontal graph paper.
SECP Set the scale coordinates for A4 Vertical graph paper.

Table 2.68: Macro parameters

These parameters are useful when making slides for presentations. Place titles and graphs with SECL, SECP,
and finally use NOTF to turn off the scale. The output of SECL and SECP is shown on the next page.
96 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
16 16

15 15

14 14

13 13

12 12

11 11

10 10

9 9

8 8

7 7

6 6

5 5

4 4

3 3

2 2

1 1

0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Figure 2.53: SECL output

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
24 24

23 23

22 22

21 21

20 20

19 19

18 18

17 17

16 16

15 15

14 14

13 13

12 12

11 11

10 10

9 9

8 8

7 7

6 6

5 5

4 4

3 3

2 2

1 1

0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Figure 2.54: SECP output

2.19. CHARACTER STRING 97

2.19 Character string

A variety of expressions, such as Greek, special characters, mathematical formulas and ruby, can be used as the
character strings available for comments and graph titles. The commands enabling to describe them almost follow
the commands of TEX and LATEX. If you are familiar with TEX or LATEX, it’s very easy. But, if you are new to it,
it may feel a little strange. Even if we say so, there are only a few frequently used commands, so you will soon
get used to them. First, we will summarize the common principles and the differences from TEX and LATEXin the
following,

• As a general rule, special commands start with ”\” and end with a space in principle.
• Unlike TEX and LATEX, sequential blanks are regarded as sequential blanks as they are.

• Line breaks in multi-line comments are considered as line breaks, unlike TEX and LaTeX.
• Some symbol characters are special characters that are not output even if they are input as they are.

The meaning of the special character mentioned above and the commands to output it as it is are summarized
below.

Symbol function output command output

\ Escape character for instructions \\ \
$ Move to equation mode \$ $
& Table element delimiter \& &
_ Lower subscript \_ _
^ Upper subscript \^ ^
{ Start grouping \{ {
} End of grouping \} }

Table 2.69: Special characters that cannot be simply output

98 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.19.1 Overall typeface selection

You can use 4 types of basic fonts in European and 2 types in Japanese. The Western texts are Helvetica, Symbol,
Times-Roman, Courier, and the Japanese texts are Mincho and Gothic. Italics (italics), bold (bold), and bold
italics (bold italics) are available for each typeface except Symbol. When you specify the font using BFON( f ),
TFON( f ) or F( f ), specify it as f with the following number. Also, you can choose the font for the whole font,
the numbers on the axis scales, the font for the comments, and so on, accordingly. If not specified, the default is
Helvetica number 0.

Typeface number ÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿ

ÿ ÿ ÿ
ÿÿÿ ÿÿÿ
0 Helvetica ABCDEF abcdef 123456 A
 
1 Helvetica italic ABCDEF abcdef 123456 
2 Helvetica bold ABCDEF abcdef 123456 A
 
3 Helvetica bold italic ABCDEF abcdef 123456 
4 Symbol ΑΒΧ∆ΕΦ αβχδεφ123456 A
 
5 Times-Roman ABCDEF abcdef 123456  
6 Times-Roman italic ABCDEF abcdef 123456  
7 Times-Roman bold ABCDEF abcdef 123456 A
 
8 Times-Roman bold italic ABCDEF abcdef 123456 
9 Courier ABCDEF abcdef 123456  
10 Courier italic ABCDEF abcdef 123456  
11 Courier bold ABCDEF abcdef 123456 A
 
12 Courier bold italic ABCDEF abcdef 123456 

Table 2.70: Font type

2.19. CHARACTER STRING 99

2.19.2 Change the typeface in the string

The command to change the typeface in the middle of one character string is almost the same as TEX and LATEX,
and the format is below.

{\ff string }

Here, the character string in { } is changed to the typeface defined by the two English characters ff. The ff is as
follows.

Typeface number ff ÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ

0 hv {\hv This is Helvetica.} This is Helvetica.
0 sf {\sf This is Helvetica.} This is Helvetica.
4 sb {\sb This is Symbol.} Τηισ ισ Σψµβολ.
5 tm {\tm This is Times-Roman.} This is Times-Roman.
5 rm {\rm This is Times-Roman.} This is Times-Roman.
9 cr {\cr This is Courier.} This is Courier.
9 tt {\tt This is Courier.} This is Courier.
0 gt {\ gt g
 ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ
5 mc {\mc {  { 
6 it {\ it This is Italic.} This is Italic.
7 bf {\bf This is Boldface.} This is Boldface.
8 ib {\ ib This is Italic Boldface.} This is Italic Boldface.

Table 2.71: Commands to change typeface

100 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.19.3 Character size

In AN GE L , the default character size is determined depending on the location of the string, such as graph title,
axis title, legend, comment, etc. These sizes can be changed by a parameter. You can also change the size of the
characters in the input string. The command to change the size of a character in the middle of one character string
is almost the same as TEX and LATEX, and the format is below.

{\size string }

Here, the string inside { } is changed to the size defined by the alphabetic character size. Unlike TEX and LATEX,
these effects are based on their current size. You can also insert it over and over again. Therefore, there is no
\normalsize. The size is as follows.

¥size magnification ÿÿÿÿ

ÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ

\Huge 2.0 {\Huge Huge size} Huge size

\huge 1.7 {\huge huge size} huge size
\LARGE 1.4 {\LARGE LARGE size} LARGE size
\Large 1.2 {\Large Large size} Large size
\large 1.1 {\large large size} large size
− 1.0 normal size normal size
\small 0.9 {\small small size} small size
\footnotesize 0.8 {\footnotesize footnotesize} footnotesize
\TINY 0.8 {\TINY TINY size} TINY size
\scriptsize 0.65 {\scriptsize scriptsize} scriptsize

\Tiny 0.65 {\Tiny Tiny size} Tiny size

\tiny 0.5 {\tiny tiny size} tiny size

Table 2.72: Character size and character size change command

2.19. CHARACTER STRING 101

2.19.4 Text color

In AN GE L , you can change the color of the text with parameters by the location of the string, such as graph title,
axis title, legend, comment, etc. You can also change the color of the text in the input string. The format of the
command to change the color of a character in the middle of one character string is

{\color{ c } string }

Now the string inside { } is changed to the color defined by c 1 .

1 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section.

2.19.5 Text box

In AN GE L , it is possible to enclose the entire character string of the legend, multi-line comment, constant display
in various boxes by specifying parameters. It is also possible to enclose only a specific string, which is also the
input string, in a box. The format of the command to enclose the string in a box is below.

{\boxname{ c }{ cb }{ cl } string }

Here, the string inside { } is surrounded by a box defined by boxname 1 . Also you can change the color by c 2
for the text color, cb for the background color of box, and cl for the text color. The color definition can be omitted.

1 Definition of boxname is shown in the BOX: section.

2 Definition of the color is shown in the line parameters section.
102 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.19.6 Chinese character ( ) ruby

AN GE L makes it easy to insert chinese character ruby. The format is below.

\ks{ }ˆ{ }
\ks{ }_{ }

When using ˆ, ruby is placed on the top of the Chinese character. Meanwhile, when _, ruby is placed on the
bottom. An example is shown below.

ÿ ÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ
ÿÿ ÿ
\ks{\
 
 \
\ks{\ \  \ \
ÿÿ ÿ

Table 2.73: Chinese character ( ) ruby

2.19. CHARACTER STRING 103

2.19.7 Special character

The following commands are provided to output special characters.

command output command output command output

\# # \copyright  \l ł
\$ $ \register  \L Ł
\% % \trademark  \ss ß
\& & \pounds £ \i ı
\_ _ \yen \ \ANGEL ANGEL
\^ ^ \oe œ \PHITS PHITS
\{ { \OE Π\TeX TEX
\} } \ae æ \LaTeX LATEX
\dag † \AE Æ \today date
\ddag ‡ \o ø \time time
\S § \O Ø \file file name
\P ¶ \AngA A° \page page number
\anga a° \version version number

Table 2.74: Special character

Here, \today, \time, \file, \page can output the date, time, input file name, and number of pages,
respectively. The date and time are alphanumerical in default, and to make this a Chinese character, put at least
one Chinese character in the ks part of DATE(ks) in the parameter section.

2.19.8 Accents
The following commands are available for accents.

ÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ

\‘o ò \"o ö \=o ō
\’o ó \~o õ \.o ȯ

Table 2.75: Accents

104 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.20 Mathematic equation

2.20.1 Math mode
AN GE L also enables expression a variety of mathematical equation in the same manner as TEX and LATEX. In AN GE L
, there is no math mode like LATEX. Most of the commands described below can only be used in math mode in
LATEX. But, in AN GE L they can be used in normal mode as they are. Noted that, even with AN GE L , there is a
math mode that is sandwiched between $ $. In the part between $ $, the alphabetic characters are italicized,
and symbols such as =,-, + are automatically changed to the symbol typeface, making the appearance as a math
formula better.

2.20.2 Space control

In the math mode of AN GE L , as in the normal mode, half-width spaces are treated as actual half-width spaces
except for the half-width spaces after the special command that starts with \. However, there are space control
commands similar to LATEX for fine space control.

ÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ
1
\quad space of \quad
\qquad 2 times space of \quad
\, 3/18 times space of \quad
\> 4/18 times space of \quad
\; 5/18 times space of \quad
\! -3/18 times space of \quad

Table 2.76: Commands for space control

1 \quad is to put a 10-point space if you use 10-point characters in the text.

2.20.3 Suffix
The subscript is written after the _ symbol, and the superscript is written after the ˆ symbol. If the subscript is not
a single character, enclose it in { }. You can also use superscripts and subscripts at the same time. Also, it can
be attached in multiple layers.
2.20. MATHEMATIC EQUATION 105

2.20.4 Fraction
The format of the fraction is the same as LATEX, using \frac{ }{ }. Specify the numerator in the first argument
and the denominator in the second argument. This command corresponds to a separate fraction expression of
LATEX.
In the text of LATEX, this fraction is outputed in small letters. Since AN GE L does not make this distinction, the
fractional expression output in small characters is \fracs{ }{ }. The input and output of the example are shown
below.

ÿ ÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ

$ y = \frac{1}{x + 1} $ y= − 1
x+1
$ y = \fracs{1}{x + 1} $ y= −1
x+1

Table 2.77: Fraction

2.20.5 Square root

√
Use the command \sqrt to represent the square root. For example, to output x, write \sqrt{x}. Even if you put
a long formula in the x part, it will be automatically expanded. However, in the case of AN GE L , unlike LATEX, the
square root symbol does not extend up or down. Therefore, large fractions and subscripts will be out of the square
root symbol.

ÿ ÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ
\sqrt{ ( x + 1 ) / ( 
y + 3 ) } √(x+1)/(y+3)
\sqrt{ 2x + 5y } √ 2x + 5y

Table 2.78: Square root

106 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.20.6 Greek alphabet

Greek letters are often used in mathematical formulas. The following Greek letters can be used anywhere in AN GE L
.

command output command output command output command output

\alpha α \eta η \nu ν \tau τ
\beta β \theta θ \xi ξ \upsilon υ
\gamma γ \iota ι o o \phi φ
\delta δ \kappa κ \pi π \chi χ
\epsilon ε \lambda λ \rho ρ \psi ψ
\zeta ζ \mu µ \sigma σ \omega ω

Table 2.79: Greek lowercase

A variant typeface exists in some Greek lowercase letters.

ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ

\varepsilon ε \varpi ϖ \varsigma ς
\vartheta ϑ \varrho ρ \varphi ϕ

Table 2.80: Variant typeface of Greek lowercase

The command to output the uppercase Greek letter is the capitalized English name following \.

command output command output command output command output

\Gamma Γ \Lambda Λ \Sigma Σ \Psi Ψ
\Delta ∆ \Xi Ξ \Upsilon Υ \Omega Ω
\Theta Θ \Pi Π \Phi Φ

Table 2.81: Uppercase Greek

2.20. MATHEMATIC EQUATION 107

2.20.7 Math accent

AN GE L does not have the same math mode as LATEX, so you can use regular accent command as well. You can also
use the following LATEX math accents.
Here is an example of accenting a.

ÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ

\hat{a} â \grave{a} à \dot{a} ȧ
\check{a} ǎ \tilde{a} ã \ddot{a} ä
→
\breve{a} ă \bar{a} ā \vec{a} a
\acute{a} á \Ang{A} A° \ang{a} a°

Table 2.82: Math accent

There are also large math accents such as:

command output command output command output

\overline{x + y} −
x+y \widehat{xyz} ˆ
xyz \overrightarrow{OA}
→
OA

←
\underline{x + y} x+y \widetilde{xyz} ˜
xyz \overleftarrow{OA} OA
−

Table 2.83: Large math accents

2.20.8 Math ruby

You can put a variable name above the arrow and a symbol below the equal sign. The format and function are
almost the same as the Chinese character ruby.

\mathop{ 1st argument }ˆ{ 2nd argument }

\mathop{ 1st argument }_{ 2nd argument }

If using ˆ, the second argument is placed in the upper center of the first argument. Meanwhile when using _, the
second argument is placed in the lower center of the first argument. An example is shown below.

ÿ ÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ
f
\mathop{\to}^{f} →
\mathop{=}_{{\rm def} =
def

Table 2.84: Math ruby

108 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.20.9 Binary operator

It is a companion to the operators for addition and subtraction.

ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ

\plus (\+) + \bullet • \diamond ◊
\minus (\-) − \cdot · \oplus ⊕
\pm (\mp) ± \cap ∩ \otimes ⊗
\times × \cup ∪ \oslash ∅
\div ÷ \vee (\lor) ∨ \dagger †
\ast ∗ \wedge (\land) ∧ \ddagger ‡
\circ ° \setminus \

Table 2.85: Binary operator

2.20.10 Relational operator

It is a companion to the equal sign = and the inequality sign <, >.

ÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ

\le ≤ \gt> >> \approx ≈
\ll << \supset ⊃ \cong ≅
\subset ⊂ \supseteq ⊇ \neq (\ne) ≠
\subseteq ⊆ \equal (\eq) = \propto ∝
\in ∈ \equiv ≡ \perp ⊥
\notin ∉ \sim ∼ \mid 
\ge ≥

Table 2.86: Relational operator

2.20. MATHEMATIC EQUATION 109

2.20.11 Mathematical symbols

They are mathematical symbols such as Planck’s constant ℏ, infinity ∞, and empty set ∅.

ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ

\aleph ℵ \infty ∞ \forall ∀
\hbar h̄ \prime ′ \exists ∃
\imath ı \emptyset ∅ \neg (\lnot) ¬
\wp ℘ \nabla ∇ \clubsuit ♣
\Re ℜ \surd √ \diamondsuit ♦
\Im ℑ \bot ⊥ \heartsuit ♥
\partial ∂ \angle ∠ \spadesuit ♠

Table 2.87: Mathematical symbols

2.20.12 Arrows

ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ

\leftarrow (\gets) ← \uparrow ↑
\Leftarrow ⇐ \Uparrow ⇑
\rigtharrow (\to) → \downarrow ↓
\Rigtharrow ⇒ \Downarrow ⇓
\leftrigtharrow ↔
\Leftrigtharrow ⇔

Table 2.88: Arrows

110 CHAPTER 2. REFERENCE MANUAL

2.20.13 Mathematical function

If you write $log x$ with the intention of outputting log x, you can get an unsightly output like logx. Correctly
write $\log x$ using the command \log. Mathematical functions in the following are available.

command output command output command output command output

\arccos arccos \csc csc \ker ker \sec sec
\arcsin arcsin \deg deg \lg łg \sin sin
\arctan arctan \det det \liminf liminf \sinh sinh
\arg arg \dim dim \ln ln \sup sup
\cos cos \exp exp \log log \tan tan
\cosh cosh \gcd gcd \max max \tanh tanh
\cot cot \hom hom \min min
\coth coth \inf inf \Pr Pr

Table 2.89: Mathematical function

2.20.14 Large math symbol

For large mathematical symbols such as the sum symbols, there may be subscripts above and below the symbol.
The following are the ones in which the subscripts fit neatly up and down. Each command with s at the end
corresponds to when used inside the text line of LATEX.

ÿ ÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿ ÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿ ÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ

n n
\sum^n_{i=1} ∑ \lim_{x\to\infty} lim
x→∞
\prod^n_{i=1} ∏
i=1 i=1
\sums^n_{i=1} ∑ni=1 \lims_{x\to\infty} lim x→∞ \prods^n_{i=1} ∏ni=1

Table 2.90: Large math symbol

2.20.15 Integral symbol

Integral symbols come in three sizes.

ÿ ÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿ ÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿ ÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ

b
⌠
b ⌠
\int^b_a ∫ba \bigint^b_a  \Bigint^b_a 
⌡a ⌡a

Table 2.91: Integral symbol

2.20. MATHEMATIC EQUATION 111

2.20.16 Parentheses and delimiters

command output command output command output command output

( ( ) ) [ [ ] ]
\{ { \} } < 〈 > 〉
\langle 〈 \rangle 〉 \left< 〈 \right> 〉
\lfloor  \rfloor  \lceil  \rceil 
| | || || / / \backslash \

Table 2.92: Parentheses and delimiters

The following parentheses come in three sizes.

ÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿ
 
\left( ( \big(  \Big( 
 
 
\left\{ { \big\{  \Big\{ 
 
 
\left[ [ \big[  \Big[ 
 
 
\right( ) \big)  \Big) 
 
 
\right\} } \big\}  \Big\} 
 
 
\right] ] \big]  \Big] 
 

Table 2.93: Large parentheses

Chapter 3

User manual

Here’s a convenient way to use AN GE L with some typical examples.

3.1 How to draw a slide

This is an example of how to make slides for research presentations at academic conferences.

3.1.1 Slide 1
First, an example of the title, author, content, etc. on the first page are shown.
SECL and SECP are useful when making slides for presentations. These make it convenient to draw a graph
paper for arranging and write the desired title on it.

List3.1 • Slide 1
1: p: secl notf bfon(5)
2: set: c1[12] c2[16]
3:
4: w:Page \page/ x(-2) ix(1) y[c2] iy(1)
5: w:Nov. 08, 2000, ICANS-XV, Tsukuba/ x(26) ix(3) y[c2] iy(1)
6:
7: wt: x[c1] ix(2) y[c2-2] iy(2) s(1.6) box(ShadowBox) f(2)
8: High Energy Particle Transport Code {\color{r}NMTC/JAM}
9: e:
10:
11: wt: x[c1] ix(2) y[c2-5] iy(3) s(1.2) box(OvalBox) b(1.4)
12: {\hv\bf\color{b}K. Niitaˆ1 H. Takada S. Meigo and Y. Ikeda}
13:
14: Center for Neutron Science, {\color{r}JAERI}
15: ˆ1{\color{r}RIST} (Research Organization for Information Science \& Tecnology)
16: e:
17:
18: wt: x[c1] ix(2) y[c2-11] iy(3) s(1.2) box(OvalBox) b(1.2)
19: contents :
20: &1. Introduction
21: &2. Models in NMTC/JAM
22: &3. Comparison with Experimental Data
23: &4. Summary
24: e:

First, declare SECL on the first line and draw on the grid of graph paper. When finished, use NOTF to erase the
grid of the graph paper. Also, here, the basic font is No. 5, Times-Roman. The second line defines the constant.

112
3.1. HOW TO DRAW A SLIDE 113

For C1, the X axis of SECL is 24 cm long and centered. This is often used to center the titles that should be drawn.
C2 takes the top 16 cm of the Y axis. The Y coordinate of the title etc. will be expressed by the relative distance
from this C2. This allows you to move the entire drawing by moving C1, C2 later up, down, left and right on the
screen.
At the 4th and 5th lines, the pages on the upper left and right of the screen, the meeting information are entered
as comments. \page is used for the page. This will automatically add pages even if the number of pages increases.
Lines 7-9 are the main titles. the second font, Helvetica bold is used. Also, this multi-line comment is enclosed in
ShadowBox.
Lines 11-16 are authors and affiliations. Here, the font is partially changed and the color is changed. Blanks
on line 13 will appear as blanks. Also, here, the line spacing is 1.4 times the default.
Lines 18-24 represent the content. This multi-line comment is centered by ix(2), but the numbers are aligned
by using &.

Page 1 Nov. 08, 2000, ICANS-XV, Tsukuba

High Energy Particle Transport Code NMTC/JAM

K. Niita1
ÿ

Center for Neutron Science, JAERI

1
RIST (Research Organization for Information Science & Tecnology)

contents :
1. Introduction
2. Models in NMTC/JAM
3. Comparison with Experimental Data
4. Summary

Figure 3.1: Slide 1

3.1.2 Slide 2
It is convenient if the slides of one presentation are in one file. You can also make a slide show by turning the pages
when displaying images from your computer and making a presentation. AN GE L uses multi-page. The following
example is on page 2.
114 CHAPTER 3. USER MANUAL

List3.2 • Slide 2
1: newpage:
2: p: secl notf bfon(5)
3: set: c1[12] c2[16]
4:
5: w:Page \page/ x(-2) ix(1) y[c2+1] iy(1)
6: w:Nov. 08, 2000, ICANS-XV, Tsukuba/ x(26) ix(3) y[c2+1] iy(1)
7:
8: wt: x(1) ix(1) y[c2-0.5] iy(2) s(1.2) box(ShadowBox) c(e) f(7)
9: Introduction
10: e:
11:
12: ab: x(10) y[c2-1] ax(10) ay[c2-14] a(1.8) c(e) cb(y)
13:
14: wt: x(8) ix(1) y[c2-0.5] iy(3) s(1.0) box(OvalBox) b(1.2)
15: {\hv\bf\large{\color{b}NMTC/JAERI97} + {\hv\bf\color{b}MCNP4A}}
16: e:
17:
18: wt: x(2) ix(1) y[c2-2.7] iy(3) box(OvalBox) b(1.2)
19: Joint Project of JAERI and KEK, high intensity proton \
20: {\color{r} 600 MeV - 50 GeV}
21: Neutronics optimization study of the high intense Spallation Neutron Source
22: ASTE (AGS Spallation Target Experiment) {\color{r} 1.5 - 24 GeV}
23: e:
24:
25: wt: x(6) ix(1) y[c2-6.5] iy(3) box(OvalBox) b(1.2)
26: High Energy Nuclear Reactions
27: Many kinds of transport particles in additin to the nucleons and pions
28: e:
29:
30: wt: x(8) ix(1) y[c2-9.5] iy(3) s(1.0) box(OvalBox) b(1.2)
31: Limit of Bertini model
32: only nucleon and pion
33: upper limit: {\color{b}3.5 GeV} for nucleons and {\color{b}2.5 GeV} for pions
34: e:
35:
36: wt: x(10) ix(2) y[c2-14] iy(3) box(OvalBox) b(1.2)
37: High Energy Particle Transport Code
38:
39: {\hv\bf\Large{\color{b}NMTC/JAM}}
40: e:

The first line is the declaration of the new page. The yellow hollow arrow is drawn on the 12th line. The shape
is drawn before the comment, so this long arrow is partially hidden by the comment box.
3.1. HOW TO DRAW A SLIDE 115

Page 1 Nov. 08, 2000, ICANS-XV, Tsukuba

Introduction
NMTC/JAERI97 + MCNP4A

Joint Project of JAERI and KEK, high intensity proton 600 MeV - 50 GeV
Neutronics optimization study of the high intense Spallation Neutron Source
ASTE (AGS Spallation Target Experiment) 1.5 - 24 GeV

High Energy Nuclear Reactions

Many kinds of transport particles in additin to the nucleons and pions

Limit of Bertini model

only nucleon and pion
upper limit: 3.5 GeV for nucleons and 2.5 GeV for pions

High Energy Particle Transport Code

NMTC/JAM

Figure 3.2: Slide 2

3.1.3 Slide 3
This is the third page.

List3.3 • Slide 3
1: newpage:
2: p: secl notf bfon(5)
3: set: c1[12] c2[16] c3[0.0] c4[14.5]
4:
5: w:Page \page/ x(-2) ix(1) y[c2+1] iy(1)
6: w:Nov. 08, 2000, ICANS-XV, Tsukuba/ x(26) ix(3) y[c2+1] iy(1)
7:
8: h: ny3 x=[y3+c3] ny1 y2=[-y1+c4+0.7],l0tt
9: 4 2
10: 4 0
11: 10 0
12:
13: wt: x[c3+9.0] ix(1) y[c4+0.7] iy(2) s(1.2) box(OvalBox) c(e) f(1)
14: {\color{r}J}et {\color{r}A}A {\color{r}M}icroscopic Transport Model
15: e:
16:
17: wt: x[c3+12] ix(2) y[c4-1.3] iy(3) s(1.3) box(OvalBox) b(1.7)
18: is a &{\SingleBox{e}{w}{r}\hv\it Hadronic Cascade Model} ,
19: \vspace{0.5}\
20: which explicitly treats &{\Singlebox{e}{y}{y}all established hadronic states}
21: including &{\Singlebox{e}{y}{y}resonances} with explicit spin and isospin
22: as well as their &{\Singlebox{e}{y}{y}anti-particles}.
23: e:
24:
116 CHAPTER 3. USER MANUAL

25: wt: x[c3+1.8] ix(1) y[c4-1.7] iy(2) s(1.3) box(shadowBox) cb(r)

26: {\hv\bf\Huge{\color{y}JAM}}
27: e:
28:
29: wt: x[c3+4.5] ix(1) y[c4-9.5] iy(3) s(1.3) box(OvalBox) b(1.7)
30: We have parametrized
31: {\Singlebox{e}{y}{y}\
32: all {\color{r}H}adron-{\color{r}H}adron Cross Sections}
33: based on the {\SingleBox{e}{w}{r}\hv\it Resonance model} and \
34: {\SingleBox{e}{w}{r}\hv\it String model}
35: by fitting the available experimental data.
36: e:
37:
38: wt: x[c3+14.8] ix(1) y[c4-7.1] iy(3) s(1.0) box(OvalBox) b(1.7) c(b)
39: 119 kinds of Mesons
40: 170 kinds of Baryons
41: e:

Lines 8-11 draw a line connecting the comments. Comments are drawn in the order written in the input, so
take that into account when stacking. It may seem a little complicated, but it is not difficult to write more sentences
first and then add decorations in sequence.

Page 3 Nov. 08, 2000, ICANS-XV, Tsukuba

Jet AA Microscopic Transport Model

JAM
is a Hadronic Cascade Model ,

which explicitly treats all established hadronic states

including resonances with explicit spin and isospin
as well as their anti-particles .
119 kinds of Mesons
170 kinds of Baryons

We have parametrized
all Hadron-Hadron Cross Sections
based on the Resonance model and String model
by fitting the available experimental data.

Figure 3.3: Slide 3

3.1. HOW TO DRAW A SLIDE 117

3.1.4 Slide 4
This is the 4th page. Next, the graph will finally be included.

List3.4 • Slide 4
1: newpage:
2: p: secl notf bfon(5)
3: set: c1[12] c2[16]
4:
5: w:Page \page/ x(-2) ix(1) y[c2+1] iy(1)
6: w:Nov. 08, 2000, ICANS-XV, Tsukuba/ x(26) ix(3) y[c2+1] iy(1)
7:
8: wt: x[c1+3] ix(2) y[c2-1] iy(2) s(1.4) box(Shadowbox) c(e) f(1)
9: {\color{r}P}roton-{\color{r}P}roton\
10: {\color{r}I}nelastic Cross Section
11: e:
12:
13: z: xorg(0.33) yorg(0.14)
14:
15: p: xmax(10) ymax(60) ymin(0) xmin(1) nosp
16:
17: x:E_{cm} (GeV)
18: y:\sigma (mb)
19:
20: a: x(-1.5) y(0) ax(2.1) ay(10) t c(b)
21:
22: p: legs(1.0) legx(-4.3) legy(10) lbox(Shadowbox) lbcb(y) lbcl(e)
23:
24: w:total/ x(6.5) y(42) s(1.4)
25: w:inelastic/x(4.3) y(32) s(1.4) c(j)
26: w:String/x(5) y(20) s(1.4) c(r) a(17)
27: w:Resonance/ x(6) y(11) s(1.4) c(b) a(-8)
28:
29: h: ny1 x y2,n4xx ny3 dy2
30: infl: {pp_tot.exp}
31: h: x ny1 y2,l0 n n n n
32: infl: {pptot.dat}
33: h: n x y1,lt0b y2,ltt0j y3,lt0r
34: infl: {ppinel.fit}
35: h: n x y1,i0y ny2,l0 ny3,lt0rrr
36: infl: {ppinel.fit}
37: h: n x y(NN \to N\Delta\(1232\)),d0b
38: infl: {pp-nd.fit}
39: h: n x y(NN \to NNˆ*),d0
40: infl: {pp-nns.fit}
41: h: n x y(NN \to N\Deltaˆ*),u0rr
42: infl: {pp-nds.fit}
43: h: n x y(NN \to RR),m0
44: infl: {pp-rr.fit}

After writing the title of the graph on lines 8-11, it becomes the section of the multigraph on lines 13. Now
move from the SECL graph axis to the next graph axis. The origin of the new axes is defined by xorg(0.33)
yorg(0.17).
In the new graph, lines 29-44 draw experimental points, fitted lines, etc. while reading data from other files.
At that time, a figure legend is written. The display position of the figure legend has been moved from the default
position using the parameters on line 22. At the same time, it is surrounded by a box using lbox.
118 CHAPTER 3. USER MANUAL

The meaning of each line is written on the graph in the comment line on the 24-27th line. On line 27, the
opponent’s line is tilted, so the comments are also tilted a little accordingly.

Page 4 Nov. 08, 2000, ICANS-XV, Tsukuba

Proton-Proton Inelastic Cross Section

60

total
40
σ(mb)

inelastic
g
20 Strin

NN → N∆(1232)
Resonanc
e
NN → NN *

NN → N∆* 0
NN → RR 2 4 6 8 10
Ecm (GeV)

Figure 3.4: Slide 4

3.1.5 Slide 5
This is the 5th page. Next, there are two graphs.

List3.5 • Slide 5
1: newpage:
2: p: secl notf bfon(5)
3: set: c1[12] c2[16]
4:
5: w:Page \page/ x(-2) ix(1) y[c2+1] iy(1)
6: w:Nov. 08, 2000, ICANS-XV, Tsukuba/ x(26) ix(3) y[c2+1] iy(1)
7:
8: wt: x[c1] ix(2) y[c2-1] iy(2) s(1.2) box(ShadowBox) c(e) f(1)
9: {\color{r}N}ucleon-{\color{r}N}ucleus {\color{r}D}ifferential \
10: {\color{r}E}lastic Cross Sections
11: e:
12:
13: z:
14: infl: {pb208ne.ang}
15: p: xorg(0.12) yorg(0.0) scal(0.5)
16:
17: z:
18: infl: {pb208nd.ang}
3.1. HOW TO DRAW A SLIDE 119

19: p: xorg(1.2) yorg(0.0) scal(1.0) noyt

Here, two files are read in lines 13-15 and 17-19, and two graphs are drawn. In the file to be read, scal,
xorg, yorg etc. are already defined in order to format it as an input of AN GE L , so redefine the values of these
parameters after reading the file.

Page 5 Nov. 08, 2000, ICANS-XV, Tsukuba

Nucleon-Nucleus Differential Elastic Cross Sections

106 106

105 Present 105 Present

LA150 Exp.
Exp.
104
104
208
103 Pb (p,p) 500 MeV
208
Pb (n,n) 150 MeV 103
Cross Section (mb/sr)

102
102
101
101
100
208
12 Pb (p,p) 1 GeV
C (p,p) 1 GeV 100
−1
10 × 0.01
× 0.1
10−1
10−2

10−3 10−2

10−4 10−3
0 10 20 30 40 0 5 10 15 20
CM-angle (degree) CM-angle (degree)

Figure 3.5: Slide 5

3.1.6 Slide 6
This is the 6th page. Next, a handwritten figure is written together with the text.

List3.6 • Slide 6
1: newpage:
2: p: secl notf bfon(5)
3: set: c1[12] c2[16]
4:
5: w:Page \page/ x(-2) ix(1) y[c2+1] iy(1)
6: w:Nov. 08, 2000, ICANS-XV, Tsukuba/ x(26) ix(3) y[c2+1] iy(1)
7:
8: wt: x[c1] ix(2) y[c2-2] iy(2) s(1.2) box(ShadowBox) c(e) f(1)
9: Comparison with Experimental Data (3)
10: e:
11: wt: x(3) y[c2-5] f(0) box(ovalBox)
12: (3) & Reaction rate distribution on Mercury target (AGS)
13: & {\rm\it H. Takada, et.al, Proc. of the 14th Mtg. of the Int. Collaboration on}
120 CHAPTER 3. USER MANUAL

14: & {\rm\it Advanced Neutron Sources, Illinois, 1998, Vol.II}

15: & TARGET Hg cylinder, diameter 20 cm, length 130 cm
16: & ENERGY Proton 1.6, 12, 24 GeV
17: & DETECTOR Activation detector (In, Bi, Co, Ni, Al, Nb)
18: e:
19:
20: set: c3[3] c4[-3]
21:
22: w: Hg Target/x[11+c3] ix(2) y[5+c4] iy(2) s(1.0)
23: polg: pl(0) x[5+c3] y[5+c4] s(1.1) cl(o) cb(o)
24: h: v=[0.5,1.5,100] x=[5+c3+cos(v*pi)] y=[5+c4+sin(v*pi)],l0tt
25: h: x+3 y-3,n0io
26: 5 6
27: 18 6
28: 18 4
29: 5 4
30: 5 6
31: h: x+3 y-3,l0tt
32: 5 6
33: 18 6
34: 18 4
35: 5 4
36:
37: aw:samples/x[12+c3] y[2+c4] ax[10+c3] ay[3.5+c4]
38: h: x+3 y-3,iy
39: 4 3.9
40: 18 3.9
41: 18 3.5
42: 4 3.5
43: 4 3.9
44: h: x+3 y-3,l0
45: 4 3.9
46: 18 3.9
47: 18 3.5
48: 4 3.5
49: 4 3.9
50:
51: wt: x[-2+c3] y[4.7+c4]
52: &proton beam
53: 1.6, &12, 24 GeV
54: e:
55: a: x[-2+c3] y[5+c4] ax[3.5+c3] ay[5+c4] t
56: h: x+3 y-3,l0
57: 4 7
58: 4 4
59: h: x+3 y-3,l0
60: 18 7
61: 18 3
62: h: x+3 y-3,l0
63: 2 6
64: 20 6
65: h: x+3 y-3,l0
66: 2 4
67: 20 4
68: a: x[19+c3] y[7+c4] ax[19+c3] ay[6+c4]
69: a: x[19+c3] y[3+c4] ax[19+c3] ay[4+c4]
70: w:20 cm/x[18.5+c3] y[5+c4] iy(2)
71: a: x[ 8+c3] y[6.5+c4] ax[ 4+c3] ay[6.5+c4]
72: a: x[14+c3] y[6.5+c4] ax[18+c3] ay[6.5+c4]
3.1. HOW TO DRAW A SLIDE 121

73: w:130 cm/x[11+c3] y[6.5+c4] iy(2) ix(2)

Lines 22-35 draw the gray part of Hg Target. Line 23 fills the circle with polg, and the next line 24 uses
self-running variables and column functions to draw the perimeter of the semicircle. Use lines 25-30 to gray the
rectangle and lines 31-35 to outline the perimeter.
Lines 38-49 present the yellow part. After these lines, arrows, lines, and dimensions are described. It is a little
troublesome, but it is not difficult because you can decide the coordinates while looking at the graph paper. I define
constants just in case I need to move the whole thing after I finish writing.

Page 6 Nov. 08, 2000, ICANS-XV, Tsukuba

Comparison with Experimental Data (3)

(3) Reaction rate distribution on Mercury target (AGS)

H. Takada, et.al, Proc. of the 14th Mtg. of the Int. Collaboration on
Advanced Neutron Sources, Illinois, 1998, Vol.II
TARGET


ENERGY


DETECTOR


"

130 cm

Hg Target 20 cm
proton beam
1.6, 12, 24 GeV

samples

Figure 3.6: Slide 6

122 CHAPTER 3. USER MANUAL

3.2 Output of computational program

AN GE L is very useful when outputting a calculation program. That is, if you write the commands of AN GE L in the
numerical data in advance when outputting the calculation result, you can process the output numerical data with
AN GE L without any modification and the result will be graphed, which you can see immediately. As an example,
let’s look at an example of the output of the JQMD (JAERI Quantum Molecular Dynamics) code, which is a
simulation code for a nuclear reaction.

JQMD plotted by ANGEL Header JQMD plotted by ANGEL Input Echo and Summary

Input Echo Mean Field Ground State Energy

JQMD
Jaeri Quantum Molecular Dynamics
for Nuclear Reactions
proj
targ
event
tstep
frame
win
bmin
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
40Ca
208Pb
1000
90
cm
800mev
0.0
A
B
τ
Cs
K
L
= -219.39
= 165.31
= 1.3333
=

=
25.00
= 237.69
2.00
(MeV)
(MeV)

(MeV)
(MeV)
(fm2)
Energy (MeV/A)
Potential
Kinetic
Binding
Target
-27.073
19.262
-7.811

Energy Conservation
Projectile
-23.180
14.689
-8.491

Version = 1.00 bmax = 4.5 Ediff = 4.2114E-03 (MeV/A)

made by dt = 1.0
Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute
Last Revised 1998 12 03 Number of Collisions
All Collisions 707.874 Blocked 148.963
Inelastic 91.096 Elastic 467.815
NN → ND 40.789 ND → NN 31.743
40 208
Ca on Pb NN → NR
NN → DD
3.083
0.000
NR → NN
DD → NN
3.518
0.000
ND → DD 6.216 DD → ND 4.986
ELab = 800.00 A MeV, PLab = 1463.31 A MeV/c NR → DR 0.366 DR → NR 0.266
Enn
cm = 364.58 MeV ND → RD 0.348 RD → ND 0.348
NR → RR 0.020 RR → NR 0.011
D→N+π 67.896 N+π→D 57.142
Calculated in C.M. frame : R→N+π 2.923 N+π→R 3.729
Beam Target R→D+π 1.991 D+π→R 1.611
Velocity / c : 0.7615024 -.2203806 Final π 10.328
Gamma factor : 1.54282 1.02521
pz (MeV/c) : 1102.375 -211.995
Reaction Cross Section
rz (fm) : -10.887 2.094
Reaction Type # of Events
Impact Parameter Range : Elastic. without Coll. 0
0.000 < b < 4.500 (fm) Elastic. with Collision 0
Time Evolution : [ Calculation is Finished Normally ] Inelast. without Coll. 0
Inelast. with Collision 1000
Input Number of Events = 1000
Input total b-range (mb) 636.17
Number of Time Step = 90
Beam X-section (mb) 636.18
Time step (fm/c) = 1.000
Reaction X-section (mb) 636.18
Seed of random number = 12345
Date and Elaspe time: Statistical Decay is included
Starting time = 1999-03-30 16:17:39
SDM / QMD 1
Ending time = 1999-03-30 20:15:40
decay width without angular mom.
Elapse time = 3 h 58 m 1.91 sec
particle decay n, p, d, t,3He, α
CPU time: gamma decay not included
Total CPU time = 14266.48 sec ground decay included
Mean Field = 53 %: 7657.86 sec fission included
Collision = 41 %: 5905.82 sec cutoff energy 1.00 MeV
Ground state = 4 %: 591.73 sec
Summary = 0 %: 100.40 sec Decay Mode # / inel. events
Final Decays = 0 %: 7.95 sec particle decay 35.030
Others = 2 %: 2.73 sec gamma decay 0.000
ground decay 0.827
fission 0.040

−1− −2−

Figure 3.7: Output of JQMD 1 Figure 3.8: JQMD 2

On the first page, the JQMD logo and reaction system, energy, collision coefficient, number of events, time
step, initial value of random number, summary of calculation time, etc. are described. On the second page, input
parameters, interaction parameters, ground state energy, overall energy conservation, includes a summary of the
number of particle collisions, reaction cross section, and statistical decay are shown.
Now let’s see what the input data for the Input Echo part on the second page looks like.
3.2. OUTPUT OF COMPUTATIONAL PROGRAM 123

List3.7 • JQMD data 1

1: *-----------------------------------------------------------------------
2: * Input Echo
3: *-----------------------------------------------------------------------
4: w:Input Echo/x(1.5) y(23.5) ix(2) s(0.8) f(5)
5: wtab: x(1.5) y(23.2) ix(2) iy(3) f(5) s(0.6) tab{|rcl|}
6: \hline
7: proj & = & 40Ca
8: targ & = & 208Pb
9: event & = & 10
10: tstep & = & 90
11: frame & = & cm
12: win & = & 800mev
13: bmin & = & 0.0
14: bmax & = & 4.5
15: dt & = & 1.0
16: \hline
17: e:

It contains the AN GE L instruction, but you can still see it as normal output. Let’s take a look at the next four
pages.

JQMD plotted by ANGEL Collision History JQMD plotted by ANGEL Time Evolution of R-Space of 1 th Event 12345

T= 0 T = 50
10 10
x (fm)

Total Time Evolution Collision History 0 x (fm) 0

100
80 80
−10 −10
Collisions / Time

60
E/A (MeV)

Epot 60 all
40 mass blocked
pion inelastic
20 40
Etotal elastic T = 10 T = 60
0
10 10
20
−20
x (fm)

x (fm)

0 0 0
0 20 40 60 80 0 20 40 60 80
Time (fm/c) Time (fm/c)

−10 −10

NN Inelastic Collision and Inverse π Production and Absorption

8
T = 20 T = 70
8 10 10
Collisions / Time

Collisions / Time

6 NN→ND D→N+π
NN→NR 6 R→N+π
x (fm)

x (fm)

NN→DD R→D+π 0 0
4 ND→NN N+π→D
4
NR→NN N+π→R
DD→NN D+π→R
2 2 −10 −10

0 0
0 20 40 60 80 0 20 40 60 80
Time (fm/c) Time (fm/c) T = 30 T = 80
10 10
x (fm)

x (fm)

ND and NR Inelastic Collision and Inverse π, ∆ and N*

0 0
1.5
15
Number of π, ∆ and N*

ND→DD
−10 −10
Collisions / Time

NR→DR
1.0 ND→RD 10 π
NR→RR
∆
DD→ND
N*
DR→NR
0.5 5 T = 40 T = 90
RD→ND 10 10
RR→NR
x (fm)

x (fm)

0.0 0
0 20 40 60 80 0 20 40 60 80 0 0
Time (fm/c) Time (fm/c)

−10 −10

−20 −10 0 10 20 −20 −10 0 10 20

z (fm) z (fm)

−3− −4−

Figure 3.9: JQMD output 3 Figure 3.10: JQMD output 4

124 CHAPTER 3. USER MANUAL

JQMD plotted by ANGEL Mass Distribution of QMD JQMD plotted by ANGEL 2-Dim. Mass Distribution of QMD

Mass Distribution of QMD

105

104
Yield (mb)

103
QMD
102

101

100

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

Af

50 50

Charge Distribution of QMD 40

Proton Number Z
30
104 28
82
103
Yield (mb)

20 20
50
102 QMD
10
101 20 28

0
100 0 20 40 60 80
Neutron Number N
0 10 20 30 40 50
Zf

−5− −6−

Figure 3.11: JQMD output 5 Figure 3.12: JQMD output 6

The third page shows a graph of the time evolution of the system and the time evolution of each particle colli-
sion. Page 4 is the time evolution in the spatial coordinates of the system. On the 5th page, the mass distribution and
charge distribution after QMD calculation are shown. And on page 6, the mass distribution and charge distribution
after QMD calculation are shown in a cluster plot.
For numerical calculations such as simulations, it is very important to see the results immediately and visually.

ANGEL is great for this purpose !!

3.3. PUT A HEIGHT LEGEND IN THE COLOR CLUSTER PLOT 125

3.3 Put a height legend in the color cluster plot

In the color cluster plot, the height is shown in color. One wants to know a legend of which color represents how
high. Currently, AN GE L does not have the ability to create this automatically. So, here’s an input that briefly draws
a height legend.
First, consider the following color cluster plot.

List3.8 • Color cluster plot 1

1: p: nofr noms
2: x: z [cm]
3: y: y [cm]
4: set: c1[0.667] c2[0.900] c3[0.800]
5: p: form[c1] xfac[c2] afac[c3] nosp
6: set: c4[3.40E-06] c5[4.83E-01]
7: p: cmin[c4] cmax[c5]
8: p: zlog
9: p: xmin( -6.0 ) xmax( 6.0 )
10: p: ymin( -4.0 ) ymax( 4.0 )
11: hc: y = 3.9 to -3.9 by 0.2 ; x = -5.9 to 5.9 by 0.2 ;
12: infl: {heat.dat}

2
y [cm]

−2

−4
−6 −4 −2 0 2 4 6
z [cm]
Figure 3.13: Color cluster plot 1

Lines 4 and 6 define constants, which are denoted to use later. c1, c2, c3 is for the original graph form,
xfac, afac and c4, c5 is for the values of minimal and maximal height. In this graph, the height is displayed
in logarithm. To put a height legend in it:
126 CHAPTER 3. USER MANUAL

List3.9 • Color cluster plot 2

13:
14: z: xorg(1.03)
15: p: xfac[c2*0.05] form[c1/0.05] notn
16: p: ymin(0) ymax(1) xmin(0) xmax(1) cmin(1) cmax(20) nosp
17: hc: y= 0.025 to 0.975 by 0.05 ; x= 0.5 to 0.5 by 1 ;
18: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
19:
20: z: xorg(0.0)
21: p: afac[c3*0.625] ymin[c4] ymax[c5] nosp ylog
22: p: noxt noxn ytxt(-1) ynum(-1) xtic(0) itic(1)
23: y: Heat [MeV/source]

4
10−1

2
10−2

Heat [MeV/source]
y [cm]

0 10−3

10−4
−2
10−5
−4
−6 −4 −2 0 2 4 6
z [cm]
Figure 3.14: Color cluster plot 2

Up to the 12th line is the same as before, so you can omit it. Line 14 defines a new graph. Lines 15-18 plot the
color clusters used in the legend evenly divided into 20 from the minimum to the maximum. Increase this number
if you want to smooth out the color changes in the legend. The 14th line xorg(1.03) is the positional relationship
with the original graph. Also, 0.05 on the 15th line is the number that determines the width of the legend. Here, it
is set as 5 % of the length of the original X-axis.
The 20th line further defines the following graph. This graph overlaps the exact previous color cluster plot.
Here, the units of scale and height are written. 0.625 on the 21st line is the value of how many times the size of the
number and title at this time is multiplied by those of the original graph. Here, it gets little smaller.
3.4. PUT THE HEIGHT OF THE CONTOUR LINES IN THE FIGURE 127

3.4 Put the height of the contour lines in the figure

You need to display the height of the contour lines shown in the contour map. At the current state, AN GE L does not
have the ability to display this automatically. Also, unfortunately there is no easy way to write this. After all, there
is no other way but to add comments by hand. However, if you enclose the numbers to be written in a white box
as shown in the example below and write them in the figure, it will look beautiful.

List3.10 • Hight of contour lines

1: p: ipd2 icut(5) cuts(3.5,9.5,15.5,21.5,27.5)
2: w:{\singlebox{e}{w}{w} 3.5}/ x(-2.4) y( 2.3) ix(2) iy(2) a( 30)
3: w:{\singlebox{e}{w}{w} 3.5}/ x( 0.0) y( 1.5) ix(2) iy(2) a( 30)
4: w:{\singlebox{e}{w}{w} 9.5}/ x(-0.5) y( 0.0) ix(2) iy(2) a( 50)
5: w:{\singlebox{e}{w}{w} 15.5}/ x( 1.0) y( 0.0) ix(2) iy(2) a(-15)
6: w:{\singlebox{e}{w}{w} 21.5}/ x( 0.3) y(-0.6) ix(2) iy(2) a( 30)
7: w:{\singlebox{e}{w}{w} 27.5}/ x( 1.1) y(-1.0) ix(2) iy(2) a( 0)
8:
9: H2: Y = 3.0 TO -3.0 BY -1.0 ; X = -3.0 TO 3.0 BY 1.0 ;
10: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11: 0 8 0 2 4 0 0
12: 0 0 1 5 6 2 0
13: 0 2 4 14 15 9 0
14: 0 2 5 23 32 12 0
15: 0 0 3 10 16 8 0
16: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

3
5
3.
2
3.5
1

0 15.5
5
9.

.5
21
−1 27.5

−2

−3
−3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3

Figure 3.15: Hight of cotour lines

The first line defines the number of contour lines and their height. Write the comments from the 2nd to 7th
lines while looking at the figure. At that time, using a white box and using ix(2) iy(2). THis is a point. I’m
using the rotation of the letters in the comment to match the numbers to the lines.
128 CHAPTER 3. USER MANUAL

3.5 Display graphs of different scales at the same time

Sometimes you want to display multiple graphs with different X-axis or Y-axis scales in the same coordinate axis
system. For example, if the X-axis is the same but the Y-axis values are significantly different, you want to draw
the left Y-axis scale and the right Y-axis scale independently. AN GE L doesn’t provide an option to take independent
values on the left and right axes, or the top and bottom axes, but it can be achieved by overlaying the two graphs.
As an example, consider the following two graphs.

List3.11 • Overlay graphs 1

1: p: scal(0.5) nofr noms
2: x: E (MeV)
3: y: Multiplicity
4: p: xmin(0) xmax(5.0) ymin(0) ymax(70) nosp
5: h: x y,3l
6: 0.5 10
7: 1.5 40
8: 2.5 20
9: 3.5 60
10: 4.5 30
11:
12: z: xorg(1.3)
13: x: E (MeV)
14: y: d\sigma/d\Omega dE (nb/MeV/sr)
15: p: xmin(0) xmax(5.0) ymin(0) ymax(5) nosp
16: h: x y1,d6 ny2 dy1=[y1*y2/100]
17: 0.0 0.0 0.0
18: 1.0 0.4 50.0
19: 2.0 1.5 30.0
20: 3.0 2.5 20.0
21: 4.0 4.1 10.0

5
60
dσ/dΩdE (nb/MeV/sr)

4
Multiplicity

40 3

2
20
1

0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 0 1 2 3 4 5
E (MeV) E (MeV)

Figure 3.16: Overlay graphs 1

These are two graphs arranged side by side using a multigraph section. To overlap the two, you can use
xorg(0.0) on the 12th line, but the scale and title will overlap. So do the following:
3.5. DISPLAY GRAPHS OF DIFFERENT SCALES AT THE SAME TIME 129

List3.12 • Overlay graphs 2

1: p: scal(0.5) nofr noms
2: p: ytic(1)
3: x: E (MeV)
4: y: Multiplicity
5: p: xmin(0) xmax(5.0) ymin(0) ymax(70) nosp
6: h: x y,3l
7: 0.5 10
8: 1.5 40
9: 2.5 20
10: 3.5 60
11: 4.5 30
12:
13: z: xorg(0.0)
14: p: ytxt(-1) ytic(-1) ynum(-1)
15: x: E (MeV)
16: y: d\sigma/d\Omega dE (nb/MeV/sr)
17: p: xmin(0) xmax(5.0) ymin(0) ymax(5) nosp
18: h: x y1,d6 ny2 dy1=[y1*y2/100]
19: 0.0 0.0 0.0
20: 1.0 0.4 50.0
21: 2.0 1.5 30.0
22: 3.0 2.5 20.0
23: 4.0 4.1 10.0

5
60
dσ/dΩdE (nb/MeV/sr)

4
Multiplicity

40 3

2
20
1

0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5
E (MeV)

Figure 3.17: Overlay graphs 2

First, turn off the right scale of the first graph on the second line. Next, on the 14th line, the Y title, Y-axis scale,
and Y-axis scale numbers of the second graph are displayed only on the right side. This completes the simultaneous
display of two axes with different scales.
Index

&, 52–55, 113 arrow, 109

’ ’, 16 \ast, 108
\’o, 103 ATXS( ), 20, 84
\,, 104 AW:, 4, 5, 15, 60, 61, 121
\.o, 103 AX( ), 4, 5, 60, 61, 63–66, 114, 117
\;, 104 axis display, 84
\=o, 103 axis scale, 85
\>, 104 axis scale numbers, 86
[cm], 88 axis title, 94, 100, 101
[nsec], 88 AY( ), 4, 5, 60, 61, 63–66, 117
[sec], 88
\#, 103 B, 30
\$, 103 B( ), 52, 112, 114, 116
\%, 103 B3PP, 76
\&, 103 B4PP, 76
\, 52–56, 97, 114, 116, 119 B5PP, 76
\ , 103 \backslash, 111
\{ \}, 103 \bar{ }, 107
\‘o, 103 batch file, 7
BBSW, 94
A, 29 \beta, 106
A( ), 17, 18, 51, 52, 55, 56, 60, 63, 64, 66, 67, 69, \bf, 54, 57–59, 99, 112, 114, 116
71–73, 114, 117, 127 BFON, 95, 98, 112, 114, 116, 117, 119, 121
A3PP, 76 \Big, 111
A4PP, 76 \big, 111
A4US, 76 \Bigint, 110
A5PP, 76 \bigint, 110
A:, 4, 5, 15, 63, 65, 66, 117, 121 binary operator, 108
AB:, 15, 64–66, 114 bitmap, 15
accent, 103 bitmap plot, 49, 50
\acute{ }, 107 blank, 14, 20, 36–39, 51
\AE, 103 blank line, 14, 52, 53, 55
\ae, 103 BMAP:, 49, 50
AFAC( ), 18, 79, 125, 126 \bot, 109
AFRM, 84 BoundingBox, 94
\aleph, 109 BOX( ), 18, 52–54, 69, 70, 112, 114, 116, 117, 119, 121
\alpha, 106 BOX:, 15, 18, 69, 70
\ANGEL, 103 \breve{ }, 107
angelbat, 7–9 Brightness, 30
ANGL( ), 77 \bullet, 108
\angle, 109
\approx, 108 C, 30
\arccos, 110 C( ), 50–52, 55, 56, 60, 63, 64, 114, 116, 117, 119, 121
\arcsin, 110 C:, 14, 15, 21
\arctan, 110 C[ ], 29, 30
\arg, 110 \cap, 108

130
INDEX 131

CB( ), 50, 52, 53, 55, 56, 64, 67, 69, 71–73, 114, 116, colormap, 30
121 COLS, 41, 42, 92
CBCB( ), 19, 90 column function, 36–38, 121
CBCL( ), 19, 90 column parameter, 24, 36, 38, 39
CBCS( ), 19, 90 column parameters, 36
CBOX( ), 19, 90 comment marks, 14
\cdot, 108 comment section, 15, 51, 52, 55, 60
change of line type pattern length, 91 compile, 10
change typeface, 99 \cong, 108
character size, 100 CONS( ), 19, 90
\check{ }, 107 contour, 40–42, 88, 92, 127
\chi, 106 contour plot, 15
chinese character ruby, 102 CONX( ), 19, 90
choice of paper, 76 CONY( ), 19, 90
\circ, 108 \copyright, 103
CL( ), 52, 53, 55, 56, 67, 69, 71, 73, 121 \cos, 110
CLAL( ), 94 \cosh, 110
CLAX( ), 85, 94 \cot, 110
CLBG( ), 94 \coth, 110
CLCN( ), 19, 90, 94 Courier, 98
CLFR( ), 76, 94 \cr, 99
CLHD( ), 44, 93, 94 CS( ), 52, 53, 69, 71, 72
CLIN( ), 94 \csc, 110
\cline{ }, 55, 56, 58, 59 \cup, 108
CLIP:, 49, 50 CUTS( ), 41, 92, 127
clipping, 49
D, 26, 34
CLLG( ), 25, 91, 94
\dag, 103
CLMS( ), 76, 94
\dagger, 108
CLNM( ), 86, 94
DATE( ), 95, 103
CLPA( ), 39, 90, 94
\ddag, 103
CLTL( ), 16, 76, 94
\ddagger, 108
CLTX( ), 20, 84, 94
\ddot{ }, 107
\clubsuit, 109
DEBG, 95
CLUS( ), 44, 93
\deg, 110
cluster plot, 15, 43, 44, 93, 124, 126 \Delta, 106
CMAX( ), 44, 47, 93, 125, 126 \delta, 106
CMIN( ), 44, 47, 93, 125, 126 \det, 110
CMKM, 89 \diamond, 108
CMMM, 89 \diamondsuit, 109
CMMT, 89 \dim, 110
CMNM, 89 \div, 108
CMUM, 89 DMAX( ), 44, 47, 93
CMYY, 89 DMIN( ), 44, 47, 48, 93
CNST, 19, 90 \dot{ }, 107
coefficient variable, 38 doublebox, 69
COLN( ), 41, 92 \Downarrow, 109
COLO, 94 \downarrow, 109
color, 5, 30, 41, 44, 92, 94
\color{ }, 101, 112, 114, 116, 117, 119 E, 29
color cluster, 46, 47, 93, 125, 126 E:, 15, 52–55, 57–59, 112, 114, 116, 117, 119, 121, 123
color cluster plot, 15 \emptyset, 109
color culster, 47, 125 \epsilon, 106
color map, 30 \eq, 108
color name, 33 \equal, 108
132 INDEX

\equiv, 108 HD:, 15, 43, 44

error, 34, 36, 38 \heartsuit, 109
error bar, 5, 34, 35, 38 HEIGHT, 50
error.ang, 8, 9 Helvetica, 98, 113
\eta, 106 histogram, 26, 33, 34
\exists, 109 \hline, 55, 56, 58, 59, 123
\exp, 110 hollow, 114
hollow symbol, 28
F, 29 \hom, 110
F( ), 51–59, 98, 112, 114, 116, 117, 119, 121, 123 HSB, 30, 41, 50
F{ }, 38 \hspace{ }, 52, 53
factor, 24–26, 34–36 Hue, 30
\file, 103 \Huge, 100, 116
fitting function, 38, 39 \huge, 100
font parameter, 95 \hv, 99, 112, 114, 116
\footnotesize, 100
\forall, 109 I, 26
FORM( ), 18, 79, 125, 126 \i, 103
Fortran, 19 \ib, 54, 99
\frac{ }{ }, 105 ICUT( ), 41, 92, 127
\fracs{ }{ }, 105 IL, 60, 61
fraction, 105 \Im, 109
FRAM, 76 \imath, 109
frame and message, 76 \in, 108
FRAME:, 49, 50 include, 10, 16, 17, 119
function fit coefficient, 90 inclusion, 7
functional fit, 36 indent, 53, 54
indentation, 53
G, 30 \inf, 110
\Gamma, 106 INFL:, 15, 16, 22, 117, 119, 125
\gamma, 106 \infty, 109
\gcd, 110 INPS:, 15, 17, 18
\ge, 108 input file, 14
\gets, 109 inserting EPS graph, 17
\gg, 108 inserting files, 16
Ghostscript, 2 \int, 110
Ghostview, 7–9, 18 integral symbol, 110
GOthic, 98 interpolate, 47, 92, 93
graph title, 76, 94, 97, 100, 101 intrinsic constant, 36, 38
\grave{ }, 107 intrinsic function, 19, 36, 38
gray scale, 26, 92 \iota, 106
grayscale, 29, 30, 41, 44 IPD2, 41, 42, 92, 127
greek alphabet, 106 IPDC, 47, 93
greek lowercase, 106 IPDS, 41, 92
GSview, 2 IR, 60, 61
\gt, 99 \it, 99, 116, 121
ITIC( ), 85, 86, 126
H, 33 IWD2( ), 41, 92
H2:, 15, 40, 42, 43, 46, 127 IX( ), 17, 18, 51–55, 57–59, 112–114, 116, 117, 119,
HD:, 43, 46 121, 123, 127
H:, 3–5, 15, 23–26, 33–38, 116, 117, 121, 128, 129 IY( ), 17, 18, 51–55, 57–59, 112, 114, 116, 117, 119,
\hat{ }, 107 121, 123, 127
HB:, 49
\hbar, 109 J, 29
HC:, 15, 46, 47, 125, 126 justification, 57
INDEX 133

K, 29 \lor, 108
\kappa, 106 lowercase, 14, 75
\ker, 110 LPTL( ), 26, 91
\ks{ }, 102
M, 26
L, 26 macro parameter, 95
\L, 103 macro parameters for axes, 86
\l, 103 makefile, 10, 12
\Lambda, 106 math accent, 107
\lambda, 106 math mode, 104
LAND, 75, 77, 79 math ruby, 107
\land, 108 mathematical expression, 19, 24, 36, 37
Landscape, 9 mathematical function, 110
\langle, 111 mathematical symbols, 109
\LARGE, 100 \mathop, 107
\Large, 100, 114 \max, 110
\large, 100, 114 maximum and minimum, 88
Large math symbol, 110 \mc, 99
memory, 10
\LaTeX, 103
\mid, 108
layout, 75
\min, 110
LBCB( ), 25, 91, 117
Mincho, 98
LBCL( ), 25, 91, 117
\minus, 108
LBCS( ), 25, 91
MONO, 94
LBOX( ), 25, 91, 117
\mp, 108
\lceil, 111
MSDC:, 15, 61, 62
\le, 108
MSDL:, 15, 61, 62
\left, 111
MSDR:, 15, 61, 62
\left<, 111
MSSG, 62, 76
\Leftarrow, 109
MSUC:, 15, 61, 62
\leftarrow, 109
MSUL:, 15, 61, 62
\Leftrightarrow, 109
MSUR:, 15, 61, 62
\leftrightarrow, 109
\mu, 106
legend, 5, 25, 26, 34, 36, 79, 91, 94, 100, 101, 117, 125, multi graph, 117, 128
126 multi-graph, 77
LEGN, 25, 91 multigraph, 21, 22
LEGS( ), 25, 91, 117
LEGX( ), 25, 91, 117 N, 26, 63, 64
LEGY( ), 25, 91, 117 N:, 14, 15, 21
length of pattern, 26 \nabla, 109
\lfloor, 111 \ne, 108
\lg, 110 \neg, 109
\lim, 110 \neq, 108
\liminf, 110 NEWPAGE:, 14, 15, 21, 114, 116, 117, 119, 121
\lims, 110 NOAF, 84, 86
LINE, 50 NOBB, 94
line, 118 NOCLIP, 50
line connecting, 14 NOCM, 95
line parameter, 26, 27, 33 NOCN, 19, 90
line thickness, 27 NODB, 95
line type, 5, 25, 26, 29, 30, 34, 91 NOFR, 18, 76, 125, 128, 129
\ll, 108 NOLG, 25, 91
\ln, 110 NOLINE, 50
\lnot, 109 NOMS, 18, 62, 76, 125, 128, 129
\log, 110 NOPA, 39, 90
134 INDEX

NOSP, 18, 88, 117, 125, 126, 128, 129 \PHITS, 103
NOSX, 88 \Pi, 106
NOSY, 88 pi, 19, 20, 36–38, 54, 121
NOTC, 86, 95 \pi, 106
NOTF, 86, 95, 112, 114, 116, 117, 119, 121 PL( ), 67, 73
\notin, 108 \plus, 108
NOTL, 16, 76 \pm, 108
NOTN, 86, 95, 126 POLG:, 15, 67, 68, 121
NOXN, 86, 126 PORT, 18, 75, 77, 79
NOXT, 18, 20, 84, 86, 126 Portrait, 9
NOYN, 86 position of graph, 77
NOYT, 18, 20, 84, 86, 119 \pounds, 103
NSMS, 88 \Pr, 110
NSPS, 88 \prime, 109
NSSC, 88 \prod, 110
NSUS, 88 \prods, 110
\nu, 106 \propto, 108
NSYY, 88 \Psi, 106
\psi, 106
O, 29
\O, 103 Q, 26
\o, 103 Q:, 14, 15, 21
\OE, 103 QP:, 14, 15, 21
\oe, 103 \qquad, 104
\Omega, 106 \quad, 104
\omega, 106
\oplus, 108 R, 30
\oslash, 108 ran, 19, 36, 38
\otimes, 108 \rangle, 111
ovalbox, 69 \rceil, 111
ovalshadowbox, 69 \Re, 109
\overleftarrow{ }, 107 \register, 103
\overline{ }, 107 relational operator, 108
\overrightarrow{ }, 107 \rfloor, 111
RGB, 50
P, 26 \rho, 106
P:, 15, 18–20, 22, 25, 26, 28, 39, 41, 42, 44, 47, 75, RIBN:, 15, 71, 72
112, 114, 116, 117, 119, 121, 125–129 \right, 111
\P, 103 \right>, 111
\page, 103 \Rightarrow, 109
PALL( ), 94 \rightarrow, 109
PARA, 39, 90 \rm, 99, 121
parentheses and delimiters, 111 run angel, 6
PARS( ), 39, 90
\partial, 109 S, 27
PARX( ), 39, 90 S( ), 17, 18, 22, 51, 52, 55, 56, 60, 67, 69, 71–73, 112,
PARY( ), 39, 90 114, 116, 117, 119, 121, 123
PATH:, 49, 50 S[ ], 27
PBCB( ), 39, 90 \S, 103
PBCL( ), 39, 90 Saturation, 30
PBCS( ), 39, 90 \sb, 99
PBOX( ), 39, 90 SCAL( ), 22, 79, 119, 128, 129
\perp, 108 scale, 79
\Phi, 106 SCDY, 89
\phi, 106 SCHR, 89
INDEX 135

SCMN, 89 TAB{ }, 55–59, 123

\scriptsize, 100 \tabtopsp{ }, 55, 56
SCSC, 89 \tan, 110
SCYR, 89 \tanh, 110
\sec, 110 \tau, 106
SECL, 95, 97 \TeX, 103
SECP, 95, 97 text box, 101
sections, 15 textr color, 101
\selcolor{ }, 55, 56, 59 TFON, 95, 98
self-running variable, 36–38, 121 \Theta, 106
SET:, 15, 19, 112, 114, 116, 117, 119, 121, 125 \theta, 106
\setminus, 108 thickness of line, 28, 34, 41, 60, 63, 64, 71, 73, 79, 92
\sf, 99 thickness of symbol, 28
shadowbox, 69 thickness of the line, 91
\Sigma, 106 \tilde{ }, 107
\sigma, 106 \time, 103
\sim, 108 \times, 108
\sin, 110 Times-Roman, 98, 112
singlebox, 69 \TINY, 100
\sinh, 110 \Tiny, 100
size of symbol, 29, 34 \tiny, 100
SKIPPAGE:, 14, 15, 21 TITL, 16, 76
SLND, 75 title of axis, 5, 20, 21, 84, 87
\small, 100 title of graph, 15, 16
SMAX( ), 41, 47, 92, 93 TLXP( ), 16, 76
source file, 10 \tm, 99
SPAC, 88 \to, 109
space, 53, 60, 104, 113 \today, 103
\spadesuit, 109 \trademark, 103
special character, 5, 97, 103 \tt, 99
Spline, 4, 5, 27, 28 typeface selection, 98
spline, 26, 34, 41
\sqrt{ }{ }, 105 U, 26
square root, 105 \underline{ }, 107
\ss, 103 unit conversion, 88
STAR:, 15, 73, 74 \Uparrow, 109
starting parameters, 6, 7 \uparrow, 109
starting shell, 7 uppercase, 14, 69, 75, 106
\subset, 108 \Upsilon, 106
\subseteq, 108 \upsilon, 106
suffix, 104 user definition constant, 15, 19, 21, 36–38
\sum, 110 user definition constant , 38
\sums, 110 user-defined constant, 90
\sup, 110
\supset, 108 V, 26
\supseteq, 108 V( ), 73, 74
\surd, 109 V=[ ], 37, 38
swbug, 95 \varepsilon, 106
SX( ), 17, 18, 67–69, 71–73 \varphi, 106
SY( ), 17, 18, 67–69, 71–73 \varpi, 106
SYBW( ), 28, 91 \varrho, 106
symbol, 25, 26, 28–30, 34, 91, 98, 104 \varsigma, 106
symbol type, 5 \vartheta, 106
\vec{ }, 107
T, 27, 50, 60, 63–65, 71, 73 \vee, 108
136 INDEX

\vline{ }, 55, 56, 59 YSTV( ), 85

\vspace{ }, 52, 53, 55, 56 YTDC( ), 86
YTIC( ), 85, 129
W, 29 YTXP( ), 20, 84
W:, 4, 5, 15, 22, 51, 112, 114, 116, 117, 119, 121, 123, YTXT( ), 20, 84, 126, 129
127
\wedge, 108 Z, 27, 50, 60, 63–65, 71, 73
\widehat{ }, 107 Z:, 15, 21, 22, 117, 119, 126, 128, 129
\widetilde{ }, 107 \zeta, 106
WIDTH, 50 ZLIN, 41, 44, 47, 92, 93
\wp, 109 ZLOG, 41, 44, 47, 48, 92, 93, 125
WT:, 15, 52–54, 112, 114, 116, 117, 119, 121
WTAB:, 15, 55, 57–59, 123

X, 29
X( ), 4, 5, 17, 18, 51–55, 57–61, 63–74, 112, 114, 116,
117, 119, 121, 123, 127
X:, 4, 5, 15, 20, 117, 125, 128, 129
XDEC, 84
XDTC( ), 18, 85
XEXP, 84
XFAC( ), 79, 125, 126
\Xi, 106
\xi, 106
XLIN, 84
XLOG, 84
XLTD( ), 85
XLTV( ), 85
XMAX( ), 18, 88, 117, 125, 126, 128, 129
XMIN( ), 18, 88, 117, 125, 126, 128, 129
XNUM( ), 86
XORG( ), 21, 22, 77, 117, 119, 126, 128, 129
XSTD( ), 85
XSTV( ), 85
XTDC( ), 86
XTIC( ), 85, 126
XTXP( ), 20, 84
XTXT( ), 20, 84

Y, 30
Y( ), 4, 5, 17, 18, 51–55, 57–61, 63–74, 117, 123, 127
Y:, 4, 5, 15, 20, 117, 125, 126, 128, 129
YDEC, 84
YDTC( ), 18, 85
\yen, 103
YEXP, 84
YLIN, 84
YLOG, 84, 126
YLTD( ), 85
YLTV( ), 85
YMAX( ), 18, 88, 117, 125, 126, 128, 129
YMIN( ), 18, 88, 117, 125, 126, 128, 129
YNUM( ), 86, 126, 129
YORG( ), 21, 22, 77, 117, 119
YSTD( ), 85
 For inquiries regarding this software and this manual, please contact niita@rist.or.jp by e-mail or RIST Koji
Niita by normal letter.

If you request a site license for the software included in the AN GE L package that is copyrighted by the author,
please contact the above address.

ANGEL Ver.4.52 User’s Manual

2000 / 11 / 26 Ver.3.03 published

2001 / 05 / 19 Ver.3.04 published
2001 / 08 / 03 Ver.3.05 published
2002 / 08 / 16 Ver.4.00 published
2002 / 10 / 16 Ver.4.10 published
2002 / 11 / 23 Ver.4.20 published
2003 / 11 / 12 Ver.4.31 published
2004 / 10 / 28 Ver.4.31 revised ver. published
2017 / 09 / 01 Ver.4.36 published
2019 / 08 / 13 Ver.4.50 published
2023 / 09 / 01 Ver.4.51 published
2024 / 03 / 26 Ver.4.52 published

Author : Koji Niita

Publisher : RIST : Research Organization for Information Science & Technology
Address : 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1106 JAPAN