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SCIENCE 4
4TH PERIODICAL EXAMINATION REVIEWER S.Y. 2024-2025
Name: Date:
❖ The Water Cycle
I. A. Identify the processes happening in the diagram. Write the letter of the process in the box and the
number of the description in the circle.

A. CONDESATION

B. EVAPORATION
4 3
C. INFILTRATION

D. PRECIPITATION

E. SURFACE RUNOFF 5
2

F. TRANSPIRATION
6 1

1. Water vapor is cooled and becomes droplets 4. Water rises and forms water vapor
2. Water flows through streams and rivers 5. Water droplets fall to the ground as rain or snow
3. Water is absorbed and stored underground 6. Water from plants turn into water vapor

B. Encircle the correct word or phrases to complete the passage below.

One sunny morning, the water in a big lake starts to warm up. As the heat from the sun touches the
surface, water molecules begin to rise up. This is when 1. ( evaporation , condensation ) happens.
Water turns into vapor, a gas, and goes up into the sky.
As the vapor travels higher, it begins to cool down, and tiny water droplets 2. ( stick together , spread
out ), forming clouds. This is called condensation. The clouds then grow bigger and darker. After some
time, clouds become so full of water that they cannot hold it any longer. Suddenly, it starts to rain! The
water that falls from the sky is called 3. ( collection , precipitation ). Some of the rain fell on the trees and
plants, while other drops splashed on the ground.
The trees are thirsty and absorbs water through their roots. The water goes to their leaves. When
heated by the sun, the water 4. ( evaporates , sublimates) from the leaves, a process called
transpiration. Meanwhile, some of the rainwater flows down hills and rivers, back toward lakes and
oceans as 5. ( infiltration , surface runoff ).
The rest of the rainwater slowly soaks into the ground, filling the soil and water pockets
underground, a process known as 6. ( infiltration , surface runoff ).

C. Read and analyze each question below. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.(12%)
1. Which of the following is NOT an example of a standing body of water?
A. lake B. pond C. streams
2. Which process in the water cycle helps keep the Earth from overheating?
A. condensation B. evaporation C. infiltration

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3. Why is the water cycle important for farming?

A. It provides fresh water for crops.
B. It creates clouds that block sunlight.
C. It prevents animals from drinking the water.
4. What happens to rainwater that flows into seas and oceans?
A. It turns into ice.
B. It disappears from the environment.
C. It evaporates and continues the water cycle.
5. Which stage of the water cycle helps clean and purify water?
A. condensation B. evaporation C. precipitation
6. How does evaporation help maintain the earth's temperature?
A. It releases heat into the air.
B. It cools the surface as water turns into vapor.
C. It blocks sunlight from reaching the ground.
7. Why is condensation important for the environment?
A. It creates clouds that bring rain.
B. It warms the atmosphere.
C. It prevents water from evaporating.
8. Which process is the water cycle helps provide water to plants and animals?
A. precipitation B. evaporation C. condensation
9. What would happen to plants and happens if there was no precipitation?
A. They would grow slower but still thrive.
B. They would lack water and struggle to survive.
C. They would still have water through transpiration.
10. How does water from water cycle support plant growth?
A. It turns into ice during the winter season.
B. It flows continuously into rivers and oceans.
C. It soaks into the soil, providing water plant to roots.
11. What happens to rainwater that soaks into the ground?
A. It evaporates immediately.
B. It becomes part of the river and lakes.
C. It infiltrates the soil and forms groundwater.
12. What happen to excess rainwater that does not soak into the ground?
A. It evaporates into the atmosphere to continue the cycle.
B. It immediately turns into groundwater to fill water table.
C. It flows on the surface as runoff and collects on surface water.
13. Which part of the water cycle helps refill underground water sources?
A. infiltration B. precipitation C. surface Runoff
14. Why is the water cycle important for the environment?
A. It keeps the water on Earth clean and healthy.
B. It balance the air temperature to cool us down.
C. It moves water around the Earth and supports life.

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❖ Layers and Types of Soil

II. A. Label the layers of the soil.

B. Read each question carefully. Encircle the letter of the best answer.
Refer to the illustration above to answer nos. 1-3.
1. Which layer of the soil is the deepest and is made of unweathered rock?
A. Layer Z B. Layer Y C. Layer X
2. Which layer of soil is beneath the dark, humus-rich, and fertile soil layer?
A. Layer Z B. Layer Y C. Layer W
3. Why is layer W important for plant growth?
A. It is made of weathered rock and minerals, which help plants grow.
B. It is the deepest layer, providing support for plants found beneath the soil.
C. It contains decayed plants and animals, providing nutrients and support for plant roots.
4. How is soil formed over time?
A. Created through weathering of rocks and the decay of organic matter
B. Forms only when the wind blows sand, rocks, and dust together
C. Formed from the breakdown of dead plants only.
5. What is silt soil made of?
A. Medium-sized particles that feel smooth
B. Very small particles that are rough to the touch
C. Large particles that you can see with your eyes
6. What is the difference between clay soil and sandy soil which affects the type of plants that grow?
A. Sandy soil holds water very well, so plants that need moisture grow best in it.
B. Clay soil drains too quickly, so only plants that need a lot of water can grow in it.
C. Clay soil holds water and nutrients while sandy soil drains water quickly, which affects how
different plants grow in each.
7. Which soil type is best for planting cactus, which needs a well-drained soil?
A. Clay Soil B. Loamy soil C. Sandy soi

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8. Which is true about the effect of bedrock on plant root growth?

A. Its depth does not affect plant roots because it is not connected to the soil.
B. If it is deep, plant roots can penetrate it easily, which improves plant health and survival.
C. If it is close to the surface, it can limit how deep plant roots can grow, making it hard for
them to access nutrients.

C. Read each item carefully. Put a check (✓) in the box that corresponds to the correct description of the
layer or the type of soil.
Layers of the Soil
Bedrock Parent Subsoil Topsoil
Material
1. Best layer to sustain life for plants and other
organisms
2. Made of partially broken or weathered rocks which
can be reached by roots of some trees
3. Has less organic matter but rich in minerals and
slightly bigger rock particles
4. Layer of solid rock where the soil originates

Type of the Soil

Clay Loam Sand Silt
5. It has fine and sticky particles, especially when
with moisture.
6. It is highly fertile as it is an even mix of all the
other types of soil.
7. It does not retain water for it has the largest
particles which make it very loose.
8. It has particles larger than clay but smaller than
sand, has small amount of humus and minerals
and holds minimal amount of water.

D. Identify the different layers of the soil being described.

1. it is a solid rock layer
2. it is lighter in color and has less organic matter
3. it is where plants grow well because it is rich in humus
4. it is the uppermost layer
5. it is made of partially broken or weathered rocks
6. it is made of slightly bigger rock particles which makes it harder and more compact.
7. it is dark, crumbly and fertile
8. it lies beneath the subsoil
9. it is where the soil originates

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E. Identify the two statements that describes each type of soil correctly. Pua a ✓ on the space before your
answer.
clay
1. It is sticky when moist 3. It can hold a lot of water
2. This has a good fertility 4. this has a rough texture

sand
5. It has large particles 7. It has a coarse of rough texture
6. It is red-colored soil 8. It is a combination of clay, loam and silt

loam
9. It is dark colored soil 11. It is a mixture of sand and clay only
10. The particles are medium sized 12. It has a poor capacity of holding water

silt
13. It is hard when dry 15. It has the smallest particles
14. It has good fertility 16. It has enough water retention

❖ Elements of Weather
III. A. Read and analyze the given story. Fill the blank with the correct weather element from the word pool.
air pressure cloud cover precipitation wind speed
air temperature humidity wind direction

When I woke up this morning, the weather was mostly cloudy. If I were to described the
1. the sky was covered buy clouds, with a few breaks where the sun peeked
through. As I stepped outside, I noticed that the barometer reading for the 2.
was at a normal level of 1015 mb, which was neither high not low. When I checked the thermometer, the
3. was about 250C, which was a bit warmer than the usual for this time of the
year.
The wind was blowing steadily and the 4. was coming from the west,
suggesting that a weather front might be moving in. By midday, the temperature climbed to about 30
degrees Celsius, and I could feel the air getting warmer. I noticed the 5. was
making the air feel stickier that usual, and the sky seemed ready to release the rain. The anemometer was
picking up the 6. , and I could hear the trees rustling as the breeze grew
stronger.
The weather as changing quickly, I observed dark clouds in the sky and they looked like they might
bring some 7. . The weather report had predicted this change, so I made sure
to bring my umbrella. It seemed that the rain would be here soon.

B. Read each question carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. What instrument is used to measure temperature?
A. anemometer B. rain guage C. thermometer
2. Which element of weather describes the amount of moisture in the air?
A. humidity B. precipitation C. temperature

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3. Why is important to determine the air pressure?

A. It helps predict storms and fair weather. C. It determines the color of the sky.
B. It only affects deep ocean currents.
4. Which of the following best describes wind direction?
A. The speed of the wind. C. The way the wind is blowing from.
B. The effect of the wind on trees.
5. Why do tropical areas have higher humidity than deserts?
A. They are closer to the sun.
B. Deserts have stronger winds that remove humidity.
C. They have more water sources, leading to more evaporation.

C. Read and analyze the given local weather report to answer the questions that follow. Write the letter of
your answer on the space provided.
This afternoon, the skies over Quezon City are mostly cloudy, with a high chance of rain and
thunderstorms. The temperature is currently 280C (820F), with 80% humidity, making it feel warmer. Winds
are coming from the southwest at 15 km/h, and the air pressure is dropping. indicating possible heavier
rainfall later in the evening.
By tonight, expect stronger winds and occasional lightning, with temperatures cooling to 220C (720F).
Residents should stay indoors during the storm and be cautious of possible flash flooding in low-lying areas.

1. Based on this weather report, what type of weather is expected later in the day?
A. Dry and windy conditions C. heavy rain and thunderstorms
B. Clear skies and sunny weather
2. Why is it important to stay indoors during this type of weather?
A. To avoid getting sunburned under the sun
B. To relax and enjoy the view of the storm better
C. To stay safe from lightning, strong winds, and flooding
3. Which of the following is the BEST safety precaution to take during a thunderstorm?
A. Stay near the windows to watch for lightning strikes.
B. Avoid electrical appliances, stay indoors, and move to a safe place away from
windows.
C. Use electronic device like television or cell phone to check weather updates during
the storm

D. Fill in the blanks to complete the paragraph about the weather elements. Choose from the word pool.

humidity wind speed thermometer wind vane

cloud cover anemometer air temperature barometer
wind direction air pressure hygrometer

“Weather is the condition of the of the atmosphere that is constantly changing.” Weather changes
because of the different weather elements. The (1) tells us how much clouds
are covering the sky. It could be cloudy, partly cloudy, overcast or clear. The movement of the air also causes
changes in the weather. It could move fast, moderate or slow. We could determine the wind speed known as

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(2) . Where the wind is coming from, or also known as

(3) , could be determined using (4) . “Weather is
the condition of the atmosphere that is constantly changing.” Another factor is the
(5) . When a place is located at higher altitude, then it experiences a cold
weather.
A place is more likely to experience rain when the (6) is very high
meaning; the air holds a lot of water vapor. It could be measured using a (7) .
The weight of air pressing down on the surface of the earth of the (8) has a lot
to do weather. When it is high, the area would experience a fine weather. It can be measured using
(9) .

E. Follow the instruction in each item below.

1. Which of the illustration below shows 2. Line shade the statement that best describes LPA
LPA? Circle only the letter. and HPA.
Low- Pressure Area High-Pressure Area
a. It leads to clear skies and b. It moves outward and sinks,
dry weather. bringing fair weather.
c. It leads to stormy and rainy d. It moves rapidly toward the
conditions. ground causing storms.
e. It leads to sunny and windy f. It moves toward the
A B conditions. atmosphere, causing storms.

F. Complete the table below to differentiate high air pressure from low air pressure.
Air Pressure System Characteristic High Air Pressure Low Air Pressure
Vertical Wind Movement 1. 5.
(rising; sinking)
Horizontal Wind Movement 2. 6.
(inward/converge; outward/diverge)
Temperature and Humidity 3. 7.
(warm moist air; dry cold air)
Weather Condition 4. 8.
(cloudy, rainy, or stormy; calm, clear, or sunny)

G. Analyze the given weather chart. Then answer the questions that follow.
Aklan Guimaras Iloilo
Time 3:00 PM 3:00 PM 3:00 PM
Temperature 31 0C 21 0C 28 0C
Wind Speed Moderate Fast Slow
Wind Direction South Northeast North
Type of Cloud Cumulus Stratus Cirrus
Cloud Cover Cloudy Overcast Partly Cloudy

1. Which province has the warmest weather?

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2. Which province has

3. Which province has the highest possibility of rain?

4. What weather element /s made you say so?

5. What direction does the wind come from in Aklan?

6. How does the wind blow in Iloilo?

Capiz Ilocos Cagayan Valley

Time 12:00 PM 12:00 PM 12:00 PM
Temperature 280C 190C 310C
Wind Speed Moderate Fast Slow
Wind Direction Southeast North Northeast
Type of Cloud Cumulus Stratus Cirrus
Cloud Cover Partly Cloudy Overcast Cloudy

7. Which province has the warmest weather?

8. Which province has the coolest weather?
9. Which province has the highest possibility of rain?
10. What direction does the wind come from in Cagayan Valley?
11. How fast does the wind blow I Capiz?

❖ The Sun
IV. A. Read the question carefully. Circle the letter of the correct answer.
1. What is main composition of the Sun?
A. Carbon and Oxygen B. Hydrogen and Helium C. Oxygen and Helium
2. Which form/s of energy does the Sun primarily radiate?
A. Electrical Energy B. Heat and Light Energy C. Sound Energy
3. When is the shadow the shortest during the day?
A. Early Morning (7:00 AM) B. Late Afternoon (2:00 PM) C. Midday (12:00 PM)
4. Why do shadows change direction throughout the day?
A. The shadow stick itself changes position.
B. The position of the Sun in the sky changes.
C. The Earth moves in circle around the Moon.
5. Why is the Sun important for plants?
A. It is the source food for plants.
B. It helps plants grow underground.
C. It provides heat and light for photosynthesis.
6. Which of the following is true about the Sun?
A. It is older than the Earth. C. It is the farthest star from our planet.
B. It is the biggest star in the universe.

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B. Refer to the diagram on the right to answer each question below.

1. What is the diagram about?

2. Which layer of the Sun is the innermost part where
energy is produced during nuclear fusion?

3. Which outermost layer of the Sun extends far into

space and appears as a white halo during a total solar
eclipse?

4. Which refers to the outermost layer the sun's interior?

C. Analyze each diagram. Circle the Sun that corresponds to the correct.

1. Time of the day: 5:00 PM 3. Time of the day: 9:00 AM

2. Time of the day: 3:00 PM 4. Time of the day: 11:00 AM

D. Read the article carefully and answer the questions that follow. Encircle the letter of the best
The Sun is more than just a bright ball in the sky. It is the main source of energy for all living
things on Earth. Plants use sunlight to make their own food through a process called
photosynthesis. This food not only feeds the plant, but also becomes food for animals and
humans.
The Sun also provides warmth. Without it, Earth would be freezing cold and most life
wouldn’t survive. Animals use the Sun to help them stay warm and active, and even human rely on it to grow
food , heat homes, and stay healthy.

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Scientist and weather experts study the Sun using satellites, telescopes and data form space missions.
These are trustworthy sources that help us learn more about how the Sun affects our planet every day.

1. Based on the article, what would happen to Earth without the Sun's heat?
A. Plants would grow faster.
B. It would become brighter at night.
C. It would be cold, and life would be hard to survive.
2. How do scientists learn about the Sun?

A. By using satellites and space data

B. By reading comics about earth and space
C. By watching it with their eyes and making observations
3. Why is it important to use trustworthy sources to learn about the Sun?
A. Because trustworthy sources always make learning more fun
B. So we can memorize more facts quickly without asking questions
C. So we can be sure the information is accurate and based on real research

E. Complete the statements below about the Sun.

heat energy Earth 8 minutes

solar system 24 hours planet star

The Sun is a (1) found at the center of our (2) . It

takes around (3) for light from the Sun to reach (4) . The
Sun gives us 5) in the form of light and (6) .

F. Complete the paragraph to correctly describe the changes in the position and length of shadow of an object
as the position of the sun changes using what you have learned in the interactive game.

east west short shorter long longer longest

The shadow of the object is (1) in the morning as the sun appears in the
(2) and gets (3) as it rises.

At noon, the sun is directly above the object and the shadow appears the (4) . It gets
(5) again as the sun sets in the (6) .
The object's shadow forms opposite of the sun's direction. It points (7) in the morning and
(8) in the afternoon.

G. Match the corresponding direction of an object to where the shadow is casted. Write the letter of the
correct answer.
1. The shadow is in front. a. facing at the left of the sun
2. The shadow is at the left. b. facing backward the sun
3. The shadow is at the back. c. facing forward the sun
4. The shadow is at the right. d. facing at the left of the sun

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H. Observe the illustration below. Identify whether each of the statement is TRUE or FALSE.

1. The length of the shade is at its longest during noon time.

2. The shadow of the tree is casted to the West in the morning.
3. The shadow of an object appears on the West during sunset.
4. The shadow will appear in the East from 1:00 pm to 5:00 pm.
5. The longest shadow of an object is visible at 7:00 in the morning and 4:00 in the
afternoon.

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