Periyar University, Salem

M.Lib.I.Sc. Degree Examination, November 2019

18UPLIS1C12 - RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Time: 3 hours Max.Marks: 75

Part - A (Answer all the questions) 20 x 1:20 Marks

UNIT – I

1. Research is
(A) Searching again and again
(B) Finding a solution to any problem
(C) Working in a scientific way to search for the truth of any problem
(D) None of the above

2. Which of the following is the first step in starting the research process?
(A) Searching sources of information to locate the problem.
(B) Survey of related literature
(C) Identification of problem
(D) Searching for solutions to the problem

3. A common test in research demands much priority on

(A) Reliability
(B) Usability
(C) Objectivity
(D) All of the above

4. A reasoning where we start with certain particular statements and conclude with a universal
statement is called
(A) Deductive Reasoning
(B) Inductive Reasoning
(C) Abnormal Reasoning
(D) Transcendental Reasoning

5. Research is conducted to
I. Generate new knowledge II. Not to develop a theory
III. Obtain research degree IV. Reinterpret existing knowledge

Which of the above are correct?

(A) I, III & II
(B) III, II & IV
(C) II, I & III
(D) I, III & IV
6. A research paper is a brief report of research work based on
(A) Primary Data only
(B) Secondary Data only
(C) Both Primary and Secondary Data
(D) None of the above

7. ‘Cranfield Studies’ are an example of

(A) Survey Research
(B) Experimental Research
(C) Historical Research
(D) Case Study

8. In the process of conducting research ‘Formulation of Hypothesis’ is followed by

(A) Statement of Objectives
(B) Analysis of Data
(C) Selection of Research Tools
(D) Collection of Data

9. The 'Five Laws of Library Science' propounded by Dr. S. R. Ranganathan, is which type of
research?
(A) Applied research
(B) Pure research
(C) Basic research
(D) Survey research.

10. On the basis of purpose, research can be classified into . . . . . . . . categories.

(A) Four
(B) Five
(C) Two
(D) None

11. Research undertaken for knowledge sake is

(A) Pure Research
(B) Action Research
(C) Pilot study
(D) Survey

12. Population Census is an example of ………….. Research

(A) Survey
(B) Empirical
(C) Clinical
(D) Diagnostic

13. Which of the following is NOT the characteristic of research?

(A) Research is systematic
(B) Research is not passive
(C) Research is not a process
(D) Research is problem-oriented

14. Relics are sources of information for

(A) Historical Research
(B) Experimental Research
(C) Interdisciplinary Research
(D) Action Research

Which of the following statements about self-plagiarism is correct?

(1)Researchers cannot repeatedly use what they wrote in the past.
(2)It is acceptable to not indicate the source of data when copying a description about the
research tool from your own paper in the past.
(3)Submitting the same report to different courses or different teachers should not constitute
self-plagiarism.
(4)Self-plagiarism usually contributes less to academic research and is perceived as a
waste of academic resources.
15. What is plagiarism?
(A) Using someone's ideas or writing them as your own.
(B) A big word I don't know.
(C) Something that is okay to do in school.
(D) A bibliography

16. Why is it important to cite all your sources?

(A)You shouldn't cite any sources.
(B) It doesn't matter if you cite your sources.
(C) You want to take all the credit.
(D) You want to give credit to everyone that deserves it.

17. The word CITE means

(A) to see something in the distance
(B) to take aim at something
(C) to give credit for resources used in writing
(D) another word for vision

18. The essential qualities of a researcher are

(A) Spirit of free inquiry
(B) Reliance on observation and evidence
(C) Systematization or theorizing of knowledge
(D) All the above

19. The study aimed at finding out best method of charging of book is:
(A) Basic Research
(B) Applied Research
(C) Relay Research
(D) No research at all
20. Citation analysis can be used to identify
(A) Half life of periodical
(B) Less used journal
(C) Journal with highest impact factor
(D) All the above

Ans:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
C C D B D C B C A A
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
A A C A A D C D B D

UNIT – II RESEARCH DESIGN

1. Which of the following variables cannot be expressed in quantitative terms?

(A) Socio-economic Status
(B) Marital Status
(C) Numerical Aptitude
(D) Professional Attitude

2. Research design is a blueprint, outline and a …………….

(A) Plan
(B) System
(C) Strategy
(D) Guide

3. When a hypothesis is stated negatively it is called

(A) Relational Hypothesis
(B) Situational Hypothesis
(C) Null Hypothesis
(D) Casual Hypothesis

4. A hypothesis which explains the relationship between two variables is

(A) Causal
(B) Relational
(C) Descriptive
(D)Tentative

5. A Hypothesis contributes to the development of ………….

(A) Theory
(B) Generalization
(C) Evolution
(D) Concept

6. In testing a Hypothesis the common error is

(A) Type I
(B) Type I and II
(C) Type II
(D) None of these

7. Type-I error occurs if ___________________

(A) The null hypothesis is rejected even though it is true
(B) The null hypothesis is accepted even though it is false
(C) Both the null hypothesis as well as an alternative hypothesis is rejected
(D) None of the above

8. A scholarly paper which includes the current knowledge including substantive findings, as
well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic, is
(A) Review of Literature
(B) Literature Search
(C) Sources of information
(D) research design

9. What is the purpose of the review of literature?

(A) To generate useful research questions
(B) To demonstrate your understanding, and your ability to critically evaluate research in the
field
(C) To provide evidence that may be used to support your own findings.
(D) All the above

10. A systematic thorough search of all types of literature is known as

(A) Review of Literature
(B) Literature Search
(C) Sources of information
(D) Literary information

11. An organized structure of key terms used to search a database is known as

(A) String search
(B) Literature Search
(C) Search Strategy
(D) Advanced search
12. Which of the following is a criterion for a good research question?
(A) Questions should be long and use complex terms
(B) Questions should show where my research biases are.
(C) Questions should sound contemporary.
(D) Questions should connect with established theory and research.

13. The role of a project supervisor is to:

(A) Give you a reading list.
(B) Provide academic support, guidance and critical feedback on your work.
(C) Negotiate access to the research setting on the student's behalf.
(D) Ensure you keep to your schedule and deadlines.

14. Research hypotheses are:

(A) Formulated prior to a review of the literature
(B) Statements of predicted relationships between variables
(C) Neither of the above
(D) Both A and B

15. A radical perspective on ethics suggests that:

(A) Researchers can do anything they want
(B) The use of checklists of ethical actions is essential
(C) The powers of Institutional Review Boards should be strengthened
(D) Ethics should be based on self-reflexivity

16. A variable that is presumed to cause a change in another variable is called:

(A) An intervening variable
(B) A dependent variable
(C) An independent variable
(D) A numerical variable

17. Researchers posit that performance-related pay increases employee motivation which in turn
leads to an increase in job satisfaction. What kind of the variable is ‘motivation”’ in this study?
(A) Extraneous
(B) Confounding
(C) Intervening
(D) Manipulated

18. Which of the following can be described as a nominal variable?

(A) Annual income
(B) Age
(C) Annual sales
(D) Geographical location of a firm

19. In an experiment, the group that does not receive the intervention is called:
(A) The experimental group
(B) The participant group
(C) The control group
(D) The treatment group

20. What do we call data that are used for a new study but which were collected by an earlier
researcher for a different set of research questions?
(A) Secondary data
(B) Field notes
(C) Qualitative data
(D) Primary data

Ans:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
C A C B A B A A D B
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
C D B B D C C D C A

UNIT – III RESEARCH METHODS

1. What is Delphi method?

(A) It is a programming language
(B) It is a method of research
(C) It is software
(D) It is used for cost-benefit analysis.

2. Scientific method is committed to ……………….

(A) Objectivity
(B) Ethics
(C) Proposition
(D) Neutrality

3. Survey is a ……………. Study

(A) Descriptive
(B) Fact finding
(C) Analytical
(D) Systematic

4. In a survey the number questions is

(A) Unlimited
(B) Limited
(C) Both limited and unlimited
(D) None of the above

5. Match the following:

(Research Methods) (Type)

(A) Content Analysis (i) Data Collection Tool

(B) Questionnaire (ii) Qualitative Methods of Analysis
(C) Observation (iii) Methods of Research
(D) Case Study (iv) Direct Method

Code:
(A) (B) (C) (D)
(A) (i) (iv) (iii) (ii)
(B) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
(C) (iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
(D) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)

6. All of the following are sources of secondary data EXCEPT:

(A) Official statistics
(B) A television documentary
(C) The researcher’s research diary
(D) A company’s annual report

7. One advantage of using a questionnaire is that:

(A) Probe questions can be asked
(B) Respondents can be put at ease
(C) Interview bias can be avoided
(D) Response rates are always high

8. When designing a questionnaire it is important to do each of the following EXCEPT

(A) Pilot the questionnaire
(B) Avoid jargon
(C) Avoid double questions
(D) Use leading questions

9. Which of the following is true of observations?

(A) It takes less time than interviews
(B) It is often not possible to determine exactly why people behave as they do
(C) Covert observation raises fewer ethical concerns than overt
(D) All of the above

10. A researcher secretly becomes an active member of a group in order to observe their
behavior. This researcher is acting as:
(A) An overt participant observer
(B) A covert non-participant observer
(C) A covert participant observer
(D) None of the above

11. All of the following are advantages of structured observation, EXCEPT:

(A) Results can be replicated at a different time
(B) The coding schedule might impose a framework on what is being observed
(C) Data can be collected that participants may not realize is important
(D) Data do not have to rely on the recall of participants
A case study is one that _____.
A
.
attempts to capture a population's characteristics by making inferences from a sample's
characteristics and testing resulting hypotheses
B. emphasizes a full contextual analysis of a few events or conditions and their
interrelations
C. discovers answers to the questions who, what, when, where, or how much
D. attempts to reveal why or how one variable produces changes in another
A case study is one that _____.
A
.
attempts to capture a population's characteristics by making inferences from a sample's
characteristics and testing resulting hypotheses
B. emphasizes a full contextual analysis of a few events or conditions and their
interrelations
C. discovers answers to the questions who, what, when, where, or how much
D. attempts to reveal why or how one variable produces changes in another
A case study is one that _____.
A
.
attempts to capture a population's characteristics by making inferences from a sample's
characteristics and testing resulting hypotheses
B. emphasizes a full contextual analysis of a few events or conditions and their
interrelations
C. discovers answers to the questions who, what, when, where, or how much
D. attempts to reveal why or how one variable produces changes in another

12. When conducting an interview, asking questions such as: "What else? Or ‘Could you expand
on that?’ are all forms of:
(A) Structured responses
(B) Category questions
(C) Protocols
(D) Probes

13. An ordinal scale is:

(A) The simplest form of measurement
(B) A scale with an absolute zero point
(C) A rank-order scale of measurement
(D) A scale with equal intervals between ranks

14. The ‘reliability’ of a measure refers to the researcher asking:

(A) Does it give consistent results?
(B) Does it measure what it is supposed to measure?
(C) Can the results be generalized?
(D) Does it have face reliability?

15. Interviewing is the favored approach EXCEPT when:

(A) There is a need for highly personalized data
(B) It is important to ask supplementary questions
(C) High numbers of respondents are needed
(D) Respondents have difficulty with written language

16. Validity in interviews is strengthened by the following EXCEPT:

(A) Building rapport with interviewees
(B) Multiple questions cover the same theme
(C) Constructing interview schedules that contain themes drawn from the literature
(D) Prompting respondents to expand on initial responses

17. Which of the following is not always true about focus groups?
(A) The ideal size is normally between 6 and 12 participants
(B) Moderators should introduce themselves to the group
(C) Participants should come from diverse backgrounds
(D) The moderator poses preplanned questions

18. Which of the following research method describes characteristics and behavior of sample
population?
(A) Descriptive
(B) Scientific
(C) Survey
(D) Observation

19. A forecasting process framework based on the results of multiple rounds of questionnaires
sent to a panel of experts is called
(A) Descriptive method
(B) Scientific method
(C) Delphi method
(D) Interview method

20. Which of the following is a research strategy and an empirical inquiry that investigates a
phenomenon within its real-life context?
(A) Observation
(B) Survey
(C) Delphi
(D) Case-Study

Ans:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
D A B B B C C D B C
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
B D C A C B C A C D

UNIT – IV TOOLS FOR DATA COLLECTION

1. Questionnaire is a
(A) Research method
(B) Measurement Technique
(C) Tool for data collection
(D) All the above

2. Mean, Median and Mode are

(A) Measures of deviation
(B) Ways of sampling
(C) Measures of control tendency
(D) None of the above

3. The term ‘Bibliometrics’ was proposed in the year

(A) 1969
(B) 1959
(C) 1967
(D) 1976

4. Probability sampling is otherwise called

(A) Multiple choice
(B) Uni-variate Analysis
(C) Random Sampling
(D) Bi-variate Analysis
5. In which sample population is divided into different strata and sample is taken from different
strata?
(A) Quota Sampling
(B) Snow ball sampling
(C) Stratified sampling
(D)Purposive Sampling

6. Selecting sample units in just a “hit and miss” fashion is called

(A) Convenience or Accidental sampling
(B) Purposive sampling
(C) Stratified sampling
(D) Proportionate sampling

7. Sample value is called………………

(A) Parameter
(B) Core Value
(C) Statistic
(D) Variable

8. A two way systematic conversation between an investigator and respondent is called

(A) Observation
(B) Schedule
(C) Interview
(D) Simulation

9. An example of non-personal method of Data collection is

(A) Interview
(B) Group Interview
(C) Schedule
(D) Telephone Interview

10. Questions in which only two alternatives are possible is called

(A) Multiple choice questions
(B) Dichotomous questions
(C) Open ended questions
(D) Structured questions

11. Random sampling is helpful as it is __________.

(A) Reasonably accurate
(B) Free from personal biases
(C) An economical method of data collection
(D) All the above

12. Final stage in the Research Process is

(A) Problem formulation
(B) Data collection
(C) Data Analysis
(D) Report Writing

13. Which Bibliometrics Law describes the frequency of publication by authors in a given field?
(A) Lotka’s Law
(B) Zipf’s Law
(C) Bradford’s Law
(D) None of the above

14. The number of core journals in any given field is determined by which of the following?
(A) Lotka’s Law
(B) Zipf’s Law
(C) Bradford’s Law
(D) None of the above

15. Who proposed the term “informetrics”?

(A) Otto Nacke
(B) Alan Pritchard
(C) Tim Berners Lee
(D) Nellie Eales

16. Which of the following is given by zipf?

(A) rank of a word is directly proportional to frequency
(B) rank of a word multiplied by frequency gives 1.
(C) rank of a word multiplied by frequency is infinite.
(D) rank of a word is inversely proportional to frequency

17. ‘Scientometrics is the field of enquiry given over to the quantitative analysis of science and
scientific fiel(D)’ This is stated by
(A) Potter
(B) Marton and Garfield
(C) Shannon and Weaver
(D) Nellie Eales

18. Bibliometric technique used in order to study the relationship of different sites based on the
number of times they are hyperlinked is known as
(A) Scientometrics
(B) Informetrics
(C) Webometrics
(D) Altmetrics

19. Arrange the structure of the Research report in correct order:

(i) Table of contents
(ii) Appendices
(iii) Text
(iv) Title page

Codes:
(A) (iii), (i), (iv), (ii)
(B) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
(C) (ii), (iii), (iv), (i)
(D) (iv), (i), (iii), (ii)

20. What are the two parts of the annual report of the library
(A) Primary and Secondary
(B) Analytical and Systematic
(C) Upper and Lower
(D) Descriptive and Statistical

Ans:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
C D A B C A C C D B
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
D D A C A D B C D D

UNIT – V DATA ANALYSIS

1. Library technology reports are a publication of …

(A) ILA
(B) ALA
(C) LA
(D) IASLIC

2. A short summary of Technical Report is called

(A) Article
(B) Research Abstract
(C) Publication
(D) Guide

3. ………………. is called publication in a Research journal

(A) Guide
(B) Popular report
(C) Research article
(D) Format

4. Arrange the following in a logical sequence:

(i) Formulation of a hypothesis
(ii) Data analysis
(iii) Selection of sample
(iv) Report writing

Codes:
(A) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
(B) (iv), (ii), (i), (iii)
(C) (ii), (i), (iv), (iii)
(D) (i), (iii), (ii), (iv)

5. APA stands for

(A) American Physics Association
(B) American Psychological Asset
(C) American Psychological Association
(D) American Protocol Association

6. When should et al. be used in APA style?

(A) When the source has more than 3 authors
(B) When the source has 6 or more authors
(C) If the source has more than 2 authors and has already been mentioned once in the document
(D) Both B and C

7. The benefits of using citation and the appropriate style are:

(A)You are providing hard evidence or expert witnesses to support your argument.
(B) You let your reader know that you are working within the academic tradition.
(C) You avoid charges of plagiarism.
(D) All of the above.

8. In SPSS, what is the "Data Viewer"?

(A) A table summarizing the frequencies of data for one variable.
(B) A spreadsheet into which data can be entere(D)
(C) A dialog box that allows you to choose a statistical test.
(D) A screen in which variables can be defined and labele(D)

9. Arithmetic mean is 12 and number of observations are 20 then sum of all values is
(A) 8
(B) 32
(C) 240
(D) 1.667

10. Median, mode, deciles and percentiles are all considered as measures of
(A) mathematical averages
(B) population averages
(C) sample averages
(D) averages of position

11. Considering probability distribution, if mode is greater than median then distribution is
classified as
(A) variable model
(B) right skewed
(C) left skewed
(D) constant model

12. Positive value of correlation means two associated variable are

(A) Highly correlated
(B) Minimal correlated
(C) Positively correlated
(D) Negatively correlated

13. A measure of evidence against null hypothesis given by sample is known to be as

(A) Critical value
(B) Test statistics
(C) p-value
(D) Level of significance

14. The null hypothesis in the chi-square test states that

(A) The rows and columns in the table are associated
(B) The rows and columns in the table are not associated
(C) Neither of the two
(D) Both A and B

15. What is MLA?

(A) A method of citing references in research papers
(B) Multilingual Language Association
(C) Both A and B
(D) Neither of the above

16. Which of the following is true about block quotes?

(A) Only used when author is mentioned in the text
(B) Page number at end is outside the period
(C) Quotation marks are not used
(D) All of the above

17. CMS stands for

(A) Chicago Manual of Style
(B) Chicago Messaging Style
(C) Citing Messages and Sentences
(D) Chicago My Style

18. The correlation coefficient is used to determine:

(A) A specific value of the y-variable given a specific value of the x-variable
(B) A specific value of the x-variable given a specific value of the y-variable
(C) The strength of the relationship between the x and y variables
(D) None of these

19. If there is a very strong correlation between two variables then the correlation coefficient
must be
(A) any value larger than 1
(B) much smaller than 0, if the correlation is negative
(C) much larger than 0, regardless of whether the correlation is negative or positive
(D) None of these alternatives is correct.

20. In regression, the equation that describes how the response variable (y) is related to the
explanatory variable (x) is:
(A) Correlation model
(B) Regression model
(C) Used to compute the correlation coefficient
(D) None of these alternatives is correct.

Ans:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
B B C D C C D B C D
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
B C C B A D A C B B