About Personality :

Vocabulary: Are you Introvert or Extrovert?

Extroverts tend to: Introverts tend to:
 enjoy being in a group.  enjoy being alone.
 need to interact with others.  avoid interacting unnecessarily.
 be active.  be quiet.
 be interested in events.  be interested in feelings.
 talk without thinking.  think without talking.
 be easy to understand.  be hard to understand.
 know many people a little.  know few people, but well.
 talk.  listen.
 seek excitement.  seek peace.
 express their opinions openly.  keep their ideas to themselves

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

A. Choose the statement that best expresses the main idea of the discussion.

 [ ] First-born children are often too critical of themselves.

 [ ] Children in the same family usually have personalities that are determined by order of birth.
 [ ] Children usually have personalities that are determined by genes.

B. Part 1: Check True or False for each statement.

 1 Brian is usually dissatisfied with himself.

 2 Brian obeys rules.
 3 Brian does most things well.
 4 Brian's mother thinks her husband pushed Brian to be successful.
 5 Brian never liked being with adults when he was growing up.

Part 2: Complete each statement by circling the correct information.

1. Annie is (the middle child / the “baby”).

2. Annie had (a lot of / only a little) time with her parents before her younger sister was born.
3. Annie is jealous of (Brian / Brian and Lucy).
4. Annie (breaks / obeys) rules.
5. Annie is (rebellious and / rebellious but not) popular.

Part 3: Circle the answer to each question.

1. How old was Annie when Lucy was born? 3. What did Lucy do to the dining room wall?
a. 13 years a. She painted it.
b. 13 months b. She washed it.
2. What does Lucy like most? 4. Why does Lucy drive her older siblings
a. making other people laugh crazy?
b. laughing at other people a. She pays too much attention to them.
b. Others pay too much attention to her.
Grammar: Gerund and Infinitives

Gerunds and infinitives come from verb forms but function as nouns in a sentence, often as direct
objects.

 Gerund = an -ing form of a verb Example: She enjoys painting.

 Infinitive = to + base form Example: He wants to paint the kitchen yellow.

Use a gerund after the following verbs and expressions:

avoid, discuss, dislike, don’t mind, enjoy, feel like, practice, quit, suggest

Use an infinitive after the following verbs and expressions:

agree, be sure, choose, decide, expect, hope, learn, need, plan, seem, want, wish, would like

Other verbs and expressions can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive:

begin, can’t stand, continue, hate, like, love, prefer, start

Remember: There are two other -ing forms: She is painting. (present participle) , The trip was
relaxing. (participial adjective)

A gerund can function as an object of a preposition like: I'm afraid of flying, She’s bored with
cooking.

Be careful! Don't 1 use an infinitive as the object of a preposition.

Exemple : She is good at painting but not she is good at to paint

Expressions followed by gerunds

Adjective + preposition angry about , afraid of , excited about , sick / tired of , depressed about ,
bored with happy / sad about , crazy about …etc

Verb + preposition complain about , apologize for , talk about, believe in, worry about , object to,
think about

With How about? or What about ? How about [going to a movie]? What about [leaving work
early]?

Activities :

FIVE WAYS TO MAKE NEW FRIENDS :

Everyone 1. …………………………friends. We 2. …………………………………these principles:

( want / make ) ( Suggest / follow )
1. 3………………………… friendly to everyone you meet. Take advantage of every opportunity.
( decide / be )
2. Even if you 4. …………………………., 5………………………….......... interest in at least one
( not feel like / socializing ) , ( learn / show )
new person every day 6 ,…………………....... every new acquaintance 7 ……………….. a real
( not expect ) ( become )
friend, but if you 8 ……………………………..new friends, this is a good way to start.
( would like / meet )
3. 9………............. new acquaintances questions about themselves. People 10 ……………….
 ( be sure / ask ) ( Enjoy/ talk )
about themselves.
4. 11 ……………………………… too much about yourself. 12. ………………………………….
( avoid / talk ) ( practice / ask )
people questions about their interests and opinions before you13. ………………………..them
( begin / tell )
about your own.
5. If you 14……………………………… 15………………………….something that you both
( decide / get together ) ( plan / do )
like. If your new friend has different interests from yours, say you 16……………...…something
new. ( not mind / try )

Activity 02 :

Ted is an extrovert. Like most extroverts, he's direct. And he's honest; he believes

1………………… (tell) the truth to everyone. At his job, he works with other people and he never

complains 2……………(work) long hours. He works hard and doesn't worry 3………………………

(have to ) work on weekends or holidays. He has a few fears, though. Most of all, he's afraid

4………………………….. ( fly) by.

Ted's wife, Nicole, on the other hand, is an introvert. But she doesn't object 5 ………………. (

talk ) about herself 6. …………………….. ( be ) from time to time. She's sick and tired

7………………… (write )so many long reports and 8………………………. ( take) exams every few

weeks! She's angry 9……………………… ( have to ) spend so much time in front of a computer.

However, unlike Ted, she's not at all afraid 11……………………………. ( fly) ! She's excited

12…………………………… ( go ) on vacation .

Reading : Personality: from Nature or Nurture?

What is personality? Many people define personality as a person's usual manner or style of behavior.
These patterns of behavior tend to be predictable throughout a person's lifetime. Some people are
introverts; others are extroverts. Some people have easygoing personalities: they are usually cheerful
and calm and able to cope with life's difficulties without much trouble. Their emotions are usually
under control: they don't get extremely angry about little things. Others, at the other end of the
personality spectrum, are more emotional, experiencing higher highs and lower lows. Most people's
personalities, however, don't fall at the extreme ends but rather fall somewhere in between.

Where do we get our personality? For hundreds of years, psychologists and ordinary people have
never stopped debating this fascinating question. Some people think personality develops as a result of
the environment-the combination of influences that we learn from, such as our families, our culture,
our friends, and our education. The people who believe this theory believe that all babies are born
without a personality and that it's the environment that determines, or forms, each child's personality.
This school of thought is called the "nurture school." At the other end of the continuum we find people
who believe that personality is determined by "nature," or the characteristics we receive, or "inherit,"
from our parents biologically, through their genes. These people believe that our personality is not
determined by the environment, but rather by genetics, and that each baby is born with a personality.

The "nature-nurture controversy" The nature-nurture controversy is very old. Experimental

psychologists have tried to discover which of these two factors, genetics or the environment, is more
important in forming our personality. However, it's very difficult, if not impossible, to conduct
research on real people with real lives. There's just no way to put people in a laboratory and watch
them develop. For this reason, there's no scientific way to settle the nature-nurture controversy.
Recently, however, most researchers have come to believe that both the environment AND the genes-
nurture and nature-work together and are both important.

Even though the experts have largely discarded the idea that personality development is so black
and white, the nature-nurture controversy remains a popular discussion among friends. It seems that
everyone has an opinion.

Match the words and phrases in the two columns.

1 genes a a person's usual pattern of behavior

2 environment b what we feel, such as anger, love, and happiness

3 emotions c the source of traits we inherit from our parents

4 the "nature school" (of thought) d the world around us

5 the "nurture school" (of thought) ..... e the belief that learning determines personality

6 personality f the belief that genetics determines personality

Writing:

1. Are you introvert or extrovert ? Write a descriptive paragraph in which you describe your
personality .
2. What is your dream personality ? Write a comparison contrast paragraph in which you
compare between you current personality and you dream one .