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Biology - Photosynthesis

This summary explains the process by which plants convert sunlight into chemical energy, focusing on light-dependent and light-independent reactions within chloroplasts. Originating from trusted biology textbooks like Campbell Biology, it is designed for biology students and anyone learning plant biology. Key points include the roles of sunlight, carbon dioxide, water, and the balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis.

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30 views1 page

Biology - Photosynthesis

This summary explains the process by which plants convert sunlight into chemical energy, focusing on light-dependent and light-independent reactions within chloroplasts. Originating from trusted biology textbooks like Campbell Biology, it is designed for biology students and anyone learning plant biology. Key points include the roles of sunlight, carbon dioxide, water, and the balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis.

Uploaded by

azuhair2009
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Biology - Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into
chemical energy stored in glucose. This process occurs mainly in the chloroplasts of plant cells, which
contain the green pigment chlorophyll.

Key Equation
6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

Key Vocabulary
- Chloroplast: Organelle where photosynthesis takes place.

- Chlorophyll: Green pigment that absorbs light energy.

- ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate): Energy carrier.

- NADPH: Electron carrier used in the Calvin cycle.

- Stroma: Fluid inside chloroplasts where the Calvin cycle occurs.

- Thylakoid: Disc-like structure where light-dependent reactions occur.

Stages of Photosynthesis
1. Light-Dependent Reactions (occur in the thylakoid membrane):

- Light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll.

- Water molecules are split (photolysis), releasing oxygen.

- ATP and NADPH are produced.

2. Light-Independent Reactions (Calvin Cycle - occur in the stroma):

- Carbon dioxide is fixed using the enzyme RuBisCO.

- Glucose is synthesized using ATP and NADPH.

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