Ph.
D COURSE WORK
15PHCW01 – THIN FILMS
Unit – I Introduction
Thin films an overview – Film growth stages – Nucleation – Island structure – Coalescence
– Channel and continuous film – crystal structure – crystal lattice and unit cell – Crystal planes
and Miller indices – Crystal system and symmetry – Interplanar spacing.
Unit - II Thin Film Deposition Techniques
Thin Films – Introduction to Vacuum Technology – Deposition Techniques – Physical
Methods – Resistive Heating, Electron Beam Gun, Laser Gun Evaporation and Flash
Evaporations, Sputtering – Reactive Sputtering, Radio-Frequency Sputtering – Chemical
Methods – Spray Pyrolysis – Preparation of Transparent Conducting Oxides – Applications.
Unit - III Fabrication
Physical vapour deposition – Thermal evaporation – Electron beam evaporation-
Molecular beam epitaxy – Sputtering techniques – Pulsed laser deposition – Chemical vapour
deposition: – Spray pyrolysis – Chemical bath deposition – Electro chemical deposition – Sol –
gel technique – Spin coating – SILAR method.
Unit - IV Characterization Techniques
X – Ray Diffraction (XRD) – Powder and single crystal – Fourier transform Infrared
analysis (FT-IR) – Elemental analysis – Elemental dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) – Scanning
Electron Microscopy (SEM) – UV-Vis-NIR Spectrometer – Vickers Micro hardness.
Unit - V Applications
Discrete resistive components – Thermistor, Strain gauge element – Capacitor – Hall probe
element – Active devices – Micro electronics, Integrated circuits and other applications –
Interference filters – Anti – reflection coatings – Thin film gas sensors – Solar cell applications.
Books for Study and Reference:
1. A. Goswami, Thin film Fundamental, New Age International (P) Ltd, New Delhi (2006).
2. M.Ohring, Materials Science of Thin Films (Academic press, Boston, 2002) 2nd edition.
3. Fundamentals of surface and thin film analysis – Leonard C. Feldman and James W. Mayer.
Ph.D COURSE WORK
15PHCW02 – MATERIALS SCIENCE
Unit - I Chemical Bonds
Review of Atomic structure – Interatomic Forces – Different types of chemical bonds –
Ionic covalent bond or homopolar bond – Metallic bond – Dispersion bond – Dipole bond –
Hydrogen bond – Binding energy of a crystal – Elastic properties.
Unit - II Modern Engineering Materials
Classification of Polymers – Ceramics – Super strong materials – Cermets – High
temperature materials – Thermo electric materials – Electrets – Nuclear engineering materials.
Unit - III Non Destructive Testing:
Radiographic methods – Photo elastic method – Electrical methods – Ultrasonic methods
Surface defect detection by NDT – Equipments used in non destructive testing – Metallurgical
microscope – Election microscope – Coolidge x-ray tube – Production of ultrasonic waves –
Magnetostriction Ultrasonic generator – Piezo electric ultrasonic generator.
Unit - IV New Materials
Metallic glasses – Fiber reinforced plastics – Metal matrix composites – Material for
optical sources and detectors – Fiber optic materials and their applications – Display materials –
Acoustic materials and their applications – SAW materials – Biomaterials – High temperature
superconductors.
Unit - V Mechanical Behavior of Materials
Different mechanical properties of Engineering materials – Creep – Fracture –
Technological properties – Factors affecting mechanical properties of a material – Heat treatment
– cold and hot working – Types of mechanical tests – metal forming process – Elastic after effect
– Deformation of crystals and poly crystalline materials.
Books for Study and Reference:
1. Materials Science by M.Arumugam, Anuradha Publishers. 1990 Vidayalkaruppur,
Kumbakonam.
2. Materials Science and Engineering V.Raghavan Printice Hall India Ed. V 2004. New
Delhi.
15PHDPHI Credit 4
Ph.D - Course work-Paper I
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Unit I: Research Methodology
Introduction – meaning of Research, Scientific method, research process and bias– Hypothesis, theory
and scientific writing.
Types of research – Steps in research – Identification, Selection and formulation of research problem –
Research questions – Research design – Formulation of Hypothesis.
Unit II: Techniques for Research:
Identification of the problem – determining mode of attack – literature survey – references - awareness
of current status of the art – abstraction of a research paper – possible ways of getting abreast current
literature – role of scholar and guide.
Unit III: Techniques of Scientific Writing:
Scientific writing – definition – organizing a scientific paper – Title – Listing of authors and address –
abstract – introduction – material and methods section – results section – discussion section –
acknowledgement – references – effective illustration - designs of effective tables and figures-references
and appendixes – revision and completion of the manuscript – final touch – Bibliography.- – submission
– review process – publishing process – reprints – review paper – conference report – oral and poster
presentation – thesis – usage of English.
Unit IV: Data Analysis
Introduction – Statistical description of data - Mean , variance, skewness, median, mode –
Distributions – Student’s t-test, F-test, Chi-square test – Linear and rank correlations –
Modelling data: Least-squares, Fitting data.
Unit V: Numerical Method
1. Solving Linear simultaneous equation: Gauss Elimination method – Gauss – Jordan method –
Gauss – Seidel method.
2. Solving Nonlinear equation: The Bisection method – iteration method – Newton – Raphson
method.
3. Interpolation: Linear interpolation – Lagrange interpolation – Newton interpolation – Divided
difference table – Interpolation with equidistant points-line interpolation.
Books for Study:
1. A. Singaravelu, Numerical Methods, Meenakshi Agency, Chennai(2003)
2. How to write and publish a scientific paper (4th edn), Robert A. Day
3. Numerical Computational Methods, P.B. patil, U P. Verma, (Narosa, New Delhi, 2006)
4. Research Methodology Methods and Techinques – C.R. Kothari.
5. P. Kandasamy, K. Thilagavathy, Numerical Methods, S.Chand. New Delhi, 2007.
6. Computational Physics: An introductory course. Richard Fitzpatrick.
7. H. K. Dass, Mathematical Physics, S. Chand & Company, New Delhi (2003).
8. C.R. Kothari, Research methodology: Methods and Techniques, (New age International, New
Delhi, 2006).
Sub.Code:15PHDPH2 Credit: 4
Ph.D - Course work-Paper II
Thin Films and their Applications
Unit I - Introduction
Thin films an overview – Film growth stages- Nucleation stage - Island structure stage-
Coalescence stage- Channel stage and continuous film stage -crystal structure –crystal lattice and
unit cell – Crystal planes and Miller indices – Crystal system and symmetry- Interplaner spacing.
Unit II -Fabrication
Physical vapour deposition –Thermal evaporation – Electron beam evaporation- Molecular
beam epitaxy – Sputtering techniques – Pulsed laser deposition - Chemical vapour deposition: –
Spray pyrolysis – Chemical bath deposition - Electro chemical deposition – Sol–gel technique –
Spin coating- SILAR method.
Unit – III Structural and Electrical studies
X-ray diffraction- Powder diffraction technique for polycrystalline thin films-Structural
parameters.
Electrical resistivity- Sheet resistance - Valde’s formula for sheet resistance Four probe
method- Hot probe method for the determination of type of conductivity - Hall probe method to
find mobility, Carrier concentration and resistivity.
Unit –IV Optical, Surface and Magnetic studies
UV-vis-NIR spectrophotometer- Transmission and absorption spectra of thin films- Optical
band gap - absorption co-efficient-SEM- AFM-TEM- EDS–XPS- PL spectra- Thickness
measurement- Weight gain method- surface profilometer- optical interference method – multiple
beam interferometry – ellipsometry-Fizeau method- Magnetic properties of thin films- VSM-
SQUID.
Unit –V Applications
Discrete resistive components- Thermistor, Varistor, Strain gauge element- Capacitor-
Hall probe element- Active devices- Micro electronics, Integrated circuits and other applications-
Interference filters- Anti -reflection coatings- Thin film gas sensors- Solar cell- photocatalytic
and antibacterial applications.
References:
1.Thin film fundamentals- A. Goswami,New Age international pvt .Ltd, New Delhi 1996
2. Materials science process technology series- Rointan F. Bunshah, Noyes publications USA
1994
3. Elements of X-ray diffraction- B. D. Cullity,Addition – Wesley Publishing Company, Inc.
USA,1956
4.Introduction to thin films- K. Ravichandran, K. Swaminathan, B. Sakthivel, Research India
Publications, New Delhi, 2013
Sub.Code:15PHDPH3 Credit: 4
Ph.D - Course work-Paper III
Nanotechnology
Unit I - Introduction
Nanomaterials- Characteristic of nanomaterials-Effect of surface area to volume
ratio on the properties of nanomaterials- Application of nanomaterials- various nanostructures-
Nanomaterials- Nanoparticles- Nanowire- Nanocomposite- Nanoclusters and Quantum dots.
Unit- II- Carbon Nano Tubes (CNT)
Introduction to CNT- SWNT-MWNT- Synthesis of carbon nanotubes: Plasma arc –
discharge method- Laser- Ablation technique-Chemical vapour deposition - Growth mechanism-
Properties- CNT based Nano objects- Gaseous carbon source based production techniques for
CNT- Applications.
Unit- III- Fabrication
Top –Down Techniques: Ball milling-Combustion synthesis-Nanolithography-
Bottom up techniques: self assembly- Hydrothermal method – sol-gel synthesis – Gas
condensation – Co- precipitation method - Polyol process –Sonochemical process.
Unit- IV- Characterization
Scanning Probe Microscopy - Principle of operation – Instrumentation- Scanning
Tunneling Microscopy- STM probe construction and measurement – Atomic Force Microscopy-
Instrumentation and Analysis- Tunneling Electron Microscopy- operation and measurement.
Unit – V – Photocatalytic and their Applications
Photocatalysis- types of photocatalysis: homogeneous photocatalysis-
heterogeneous photocatalysis- Application of photocatalysis- Semiconductor photocatalytic
materials – TiO2, ZnO2 – semiconductor/ graphene derivative nanocomposite as visible light
responsive photocatalysts- photoreactor experiment-various types of photoreactor.
References:
1. Hand book of Nanotechnology- Bharat Bhushan, Springer 3rd ed. 2010
2. Nanotechnology and Nanoelectronics – W. R. Fahrner (Editor), Springer (India) Pvt.Ltd,2006
3. Nanotechnology- Mark Ratner, Daniel Ratner, Prentice Hall Professional 2003
Ph.D COURSE WORK
16PHCW01 – NANOSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Unit – I Background to Nanotechnology
Scientific revolution – Atomic structures – Molecular and atomic size – Bohr radius –
Emergence of Nanotechnology – Challenges in Nanotechnology – Carbon age – New form of
carbon.
Unit – II Synthesis of Nanomaterials
Nanomaterials – Preparation – Plasma arcing – Electron beam lithography – Chemical
vapour deposition – Sol gels – Electrochemical deposition – Dry and Wet etching – Ball milling
– Top-down and Bottom-up approaches.
Unit – III Properties of Nanomaterials
Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) – Carbon Fullerences – Metals (Au, Ag) – Metal oxides (TiO2,
CeO2, ZnO) – Semiconductors (Si, Ge, CdS, ZnSe) – Ceramics and Composites – Dilute
magnetic semiconductor – Size dependent properties – Mechanical, Physical and Chemical
properties.
Unit – IV Characterization of Nanoscale Systems
Structural characterization: SPM, XRD, BET, TEM, SEM, Nanotweezers electron
microscopy. Optical characterization: UV – Vis – Fluorescence – Raman and IR – XPS and
Auger spectroscopy.
Unit – V Applications of Nanomaterials
Overview of nanomaterials applications – Molecular electronics and nanoelectronics –
Quantum electronic devices – CNT based transistor and Field Emission Display –
Nanomechanics – Photonics - Biological applications – Biochemical sensor – Membrane based
water purification.
Books for Reference:
1. M. Wilson, K. K. G. Smith, M. Simmons, B. Ragase, Nanotechnology, Overseas Press
India Pvt, Ltd, New Delhi, First Edition, 2005.
2. M.Ratner.et al., Nanotechnology; A Gentle introduction, Prentice – Hall ISBN 0-13-
101400-5, 2003.
Ph.D COURSE WORK
16PHCW02 – ADVANCED MATERIALS
Unit – I Modern Engineering Materials
Metallic glasses: Preparation – Properties and Applications – Shape memory alloys
(SMA): Characteristics – Properties – Applications – Advantages and disadvantages.
Unit – II Smart Materials
The principal ingredients of smart materials – Thermal materials – Sensing technologies –
Microsensors – Synthesis of future smart systems – Pyroelectricity – Piezoelectricity – Properties
of commercial piezoelectric materials – Smart materials featuring piezoelectric elements.
Unit – III Ceramic and Composite Materials
Advanced Ceramic Materials – Crystal Structures – Silicate Ceramics – Glasses – Glass
ceramics – Functional properties and applications of ceramic materials – Classification of
composites – Fiber reinforced materials – Law of mixtures – Continuous fibers – discontinuous
fibers – Application of composites in electrical and mechanical components and in nuclear
industry.
Unit– IV Polymer Materials
Classification of polymer – Mechanism of polymerisation – Some commercially important
individual polymer – Thermoplastics – Elastomers – Thermosets – Engineering plastics – Liquid
crystal polymers – Conductive polymers – High performance fibers – Biomedical applications –
Photonic polymers.
Unit – V Superconducting Materials
Superconductivity: properties – Types of super conductors – BCS theory of
superconductivity – High Tc superconductors – Applications of superconductors – SQUID,
Cryotron, Magnetic levitation.
Books for Reference:
1. William D. Callister, Jr., Materials Science and Engineering an Introduction, 2/e Edition,
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007.
2. M.V. Gandhi and B.S. Thompson, Smart materials and structures, chapman and Hall,
London, First Edition, 1992.
SUB. CODE: 16PHDPH1 Ph.D. COURSE WORK PAPER - I Credit: 4
CRYSTAL GROWTH PROCESSES AND TECHNIQUES
UNIT -1 INTRODUCTION TO CRYSTAL GROWTH AND NANO PHYSICS
Growth of single crystals-semiorganic crystals– reasons for growing single crystals – crystal
growth techniques – introduction to nano physics - nano powders - nano materials - types-synthesis -
applications.
UNIT – II NUCLEATION AND KINETIC THEORY OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
Introduction – theories of nucleation – classical theory – Gibb’s Thomson equation for solution
– Energy formation of a nucleus – spherical nucleus – cylindrical nucleus – nucleation rates –
Homogenous and heterogeneous nucleations – Kinetic of crystal growth – introduction – Kossel,
Stranski, Volume– BCF theory of solution growth.
UNIT – III MELT GROWTH
Bridgeman - stockbarger techniques – Vernouil method – Zone melting method – Distribution
of impurity concentration – Matter transport during Zone melting – Czochralski techniques – thermal
convection of CZ melts.
UNIT – IV CRYSTALLIZATION FROM SOLUTION AT LOW TEMPERATURE
Introduction – basic requirements – choice of solvent – crystal habit – solubility – saturation
and seeding – crystallization apparatus – seed selection and mounting – factors that influence the
perfection of the final crystal – control of crystal morphology – super saturation and metastability –
measurements of super saturation.
UNIT – V GEL AND UNIDIRECTIONAL GROWTH
Gel growth: Principle – structure and properties – types – periodic crystallization – biological
crystallization – advantage and disadvantages
Unidirectional growth: Sankaranaryanan – Ramasamy method – significance of unidirectional
growth – experimental set up – advantages.
REFERENCES:
1. Santhlana Ragavan.P and Ramasamy.P Crystal growth processes and methods, Kru
publications, 2000.
2. Hand book of Nanotechnology- Bharat Bhushan, Springer 3rd ed. 2010
3. Buckley, H. Crystal Growth, Wiley, New York, 1951.
4. Lawson, W.D. and Nielson,S. Preparation of Single Crystals, Butterworths, London, 1958.
5. Holden, A. and Singer, P. Crystals and Crystal Growing, Anchor – Doubleday, New York,
1960.
6. Hurel,D.T.J. Mechanisms of Growth of Metal Single Crystals from the Melt, Prog. in
Mat.Sci. Vol. 10, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1962.
7. Henisch, H.K. Crystal Growth in Gels, Penn. State Univ.Press, 1970.
SUB.CODE: 16PHDPH2 Ph.D. COURSE WORK PAPER - II Credit: 4
ADVANCED CHARACTERISATION STUDIES
UNIT – I STRUCTURAL ANALYSES
X-ray diffraction – Bragg’s equation – methods in X-ray crystallography – powder
diffractometer – recording and interpretation of powder patterns – single crystal XRD techniques –
Laue method – rotation photography method – oscillation method – intensities of diffracted X-rays and
structural analysis.
UNIT – II OPTICAL AND SPECTRAL ANALYSES
UV and visible spectroscopy: – introduction – absorption laws – measurement of absorption
intensity – theory of electronic spectroscopy – types of electronic transitions – types of absorption
bands – Instrumentation.
IR Spectroscopy: Principle of infra–red spectroscopy – applications – basic principles of FTIR
spectroscopy – instrumentation – Laser Raman spectroscopy – working principle and instrumentation-
SEM-TEM -atomic force microscopy
UNIT – III MECHANICAL ANALYSES
Hardness – definition – types of hardness tests – micro hardness tests – Vickers and Knoop
hardness tests – hardness conversion – precautions – relative merits and demerits – applications.
UNIT – IV THERMAL ANALYSES
Introduction – thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) – instrumentation – determination of weight
loss and decomposition products – differential thermal analysis (DTA) – cooling curves – differential
scanning calorimeter (DSC) – instrumentation – analysis of DSC curves.
UNIT – V NONLINEAR OPTICAL STUDIES
Theory and application of nonlinear optical effects – frequency conversion – optical switching
– phase conjugation – optical bistability – nonlinear optical materials.
Kurtz and Perry Powder technique – basic principles – instrumentations – introduction to third
harmonic generation – Z scan technique – principles – instrumentation – double refraction –
significance – Laser damage threshold – experimental set up – applications.
REFERENCES:
1. Ueda, R. and Mullin, J.B. Crystal Growth and Characterization, North-Holland,
Amsterdam, 1975.
2. Nanotechnology- Mark Ratner, Daniel Ratner, Prentice Hall Professional 2003
3. Straddling, R.A; Klipstain, P.C; Growth and characterization of semiconductors, Adam
Hilger, Bristol, 1990.
4. Sangwal, K. and Rodriguez-Clemente, R. (1991) Surface Morphology of Crystalline
Materials, Trans Tech Pub. Sitzerland.
5. Y.R. Sharma, Elementary organic spectroscopy,2002.
6. Brain Keith Tanner, David Keith Bowen, Characterization of Crystal Growth Defects by X-
Ray Methods,1980.
Ph.D COURSE WORK
17PHCW01 – THIN FILMS
Unit – I Introduction
Thin films an overview – Film growth stages – Nucleation – Island structure – Coalescence
– Channel and continuous film – crystal structure – crystal lattice and unit cell – Crystal planes
and Miller indices – Crystal system and symmetry – Interplanar spacing.
Unit - II Thin Film Deposition Techniques
Thin Films – Introduction to Vacuum Technology – Deposition Techniques – Physical
Methods – Resistive Heating, Electron Beam Gun, Laser Gun Evaporation and Flash
Evaporations, Sputtering – Reactive Sputtering, Radio-Frequency Sputtering – Chemical
Methods – Spray Pyrolysis – Preparation of Transparent Conducting Oxides – Applications.
Unit - III Fabrication
Physical vapour deposition – Thermal evaporation – Electron beam evaporation-
Molecular beam epitaxy – Sputtering techniques – Pulsed laser deposition – Chemical vapour
deposition: – Spray pyrolysis – Chemical bath deposition – Electro chemical deposition – Sol –
gel technique – Spin coating – SILAR method.
Unit - IV Characterization Techniques
X – Ray Diffraction (XRD) – Powder and single crystal – Fourier transform Infrared
analysis (FT-IR) – Elemental analysis – Elemental dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) – Scanning
Electron Microscopy (SEM) – UV-Vis-NIR Spectrometer – Vickers Micro hardness.
Unit - V Applications
Discrete resistive components – Thermistor, Strain gauge element – Capacitor – Hall probe
element – Active devices – Micro electronics, Integrated circuits and other applications –
Interference filters – Anti – reflection coatings – Thin film gas sensors – Solar cell applications.
Books for Study and Reference:
1. A. Goswami, Thin film Fundamental, New Age International (P) Ltd, New Delhi (2006).
2. M.Ohring, Materials Science of Thin Films (Academic press, Boston, 2002) 2nd edition.
3. Fundamentals of surface and thin film analysis – Leonard C. Feldman and James W. Mayer.
Ph.D COURSE WORK
17PHCW02 – MATERIALS SCIENCE
Unit - I Chemical Bonds
Review of Atomic structure – Interatomic Forces – Different types of chemical bonds –
Ionic covalent bond or homopolar bond – Metallic bond – Dispersion bond – Dipole bond –
Hydrogen bond – Binding energy of a crystal – Elastic properties.
Unit - II Modern Engineering Materials
Classification of Polymers – Ceramics – Super strong materials – Cermets – High
temperature materials – Thermo electric materials – Electrets – Nuclear engineering materials.
Unit - III Non Destructive Testing:
Radiographic methods – Photo elastic method – Electrical methods – Ultrasonic methods
Surface defect detection by NDT – Equipments used in non destructive testing – Metallurgical
microscope – Election microscope – Coolidge x-ray tube – Production of ultrasonic waves –
Magnetostriction Ultrasonic generator – Piezo electric ultrasonic generator.
Unit - IV New Materials
Metallic glasses – Fiber reinforced plastics – Metal matrix composites – Material for
optical sources and detectors – Fiber optic materials and their applications – Display materials –
Acoustic materials and their applications – SAW materials – Biomaterials – High temperature
superconductors.
Unit - V Mechanical Behavior of Materials
Different mechanical properties of Engineering materials – Creep – Fracture –
Technological properties – Factors affecting mechanical properties of a material – Heat treatment
– cold and hot working – Types of mechanical tests – metal forming process – Elastic after effect
– Deformation of crystals and poly crystalline materials.
Books for Study and Reference:
1. Materials Science by M.Arumugam, Anuradha Publishers. 1990 Vidayalkaruppur,
Kumbakonam.
2. Materials Science and Engineering V.Raghavan Printice Hall India Ed. V 2004. New
Delhi.
PH.D COURSE WORK
18PHCW01 – NANOTECHNOLOGY
Unit -I Introduction to Nanotechnology
Introduction to Nanotechnology – Types of nano technology – Nano structures – Types –
Properties – Applications.
Unit -II Synthesis of Nanomaterials
Nanomaterials preparation types – Top down & Bottom up approaches – Hydrothermal
synthesis – Solvothermal method – Chemical vapor deposition (CVD)
– Pulsed laser ablation – SOL gel method – Electrochemical deposition – Spray pyrolysis
Unit –III Characterization Techniques
X – ray diffraction (XRD), SEM, EDAX, TEM, Elemental mapping, FTIR, UV-Visible
Spectrophotometer, Differential thermal analyzer (DTA), Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA),
X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
Unit -IV Nano Electronics
Introduction nanoelectrical and electronic devices – Advantages – Electronic circuit chips
– Nano sensors – nanofibers - Application
Unit -V Applications of Nanomaterials
Introduction – Nanomedicine – Diagnostics - Imaging – sensing – blood
purification – Tissue Engineering - Medical Devices - Drug delivery – cancer –
nanonephrology- Limitations of nanotechnology.
References
[1] Charles P Poole and Frank J Owens, Introduction to Nanotechnology, Wiley publishing
limited.
[2] PW.N.Chang, Nanofibers Fabrication, Performance and Applications, Nova Science
Publishers Inc., (2009).
[3] Alain Nouailhat, An Introduction to Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Johnwiley & sons
(2006).
[4] T. Pradeep, Nano: The Essentials, Tata McGraw-Hill publishing company limited.
PH.D COURSE WORK
18PHCW02 – NEW MATERIALS
Unit - I Introduction
Introduction – classification of perovskites – Organic Oxide perovskites - Inorganic
Oxide Perovskites - Halide Perovskites – Examples of Perovskites - structure – Applications.
Unit – II Methods of Perovskite Synthesis
Solid-state reactions - Gas phase preparations - Wet chemical methods (solution
preparation) - Precipitation method - Thermal treatment - Doping of perovskites – Limitations
of perovskites.
Unit – III Characterization of Perovskites
Structural Characterization: XRD – SEM – TEM – BET, Optical Characterization: UV
Visible spectroscopy – FTIR – XPS - Thermal analysis.
Unit- IV Properties of Perovskites
Optical properties – Dielectric properties - Electrical conductivity – super conductivity –
Ion conductivity - Ferromagnetic property – Piezoelectricity - Catalytic property.
Unit – V Applications of Perovskites
Photovoltaics – Lasers - Light-emitting diodes – Photo electrolysis - Gas Sensors -
Neurotransmitters sensor - Glucose sensor – Catalyst - Solid oxide fuel cells.
References
[1] A.S. Bhalla, R. Guo and R. Roy, The perovskite structure – a review of its role in ceramic
science and technology, Mat. Res. Innovat. 4, 3-26 (2000).
[2] Wells, (1995) Structural Inorganic Chemsitry, Oxford Science publications.
[3] U. Müller, (1993). Inorganic Structural Chemistry, Wiley & Sons Ltd.
[4] A. Navrotsky (1998). "Energetics and Crystal Chemical Systematics among Ilmenite,
Lithium Niobate, and Perovskite Structures". Chem. Mater. 10 (10): 2787.
Sub.Code:18PHDPH3 Credit: 4
Ph.D - Course work-Paper III
Unit -Introduction Nanotechnology
ratio on Nanomaterials- Characteristic of
the
of surface
area to volume
properties of nanomaterials-nanomateomaterials-Effect various
nanostructudots.res-Nanomaterials- Nanoparticles- Nanowire
Quantum Application
Nanowire-
of
nanomaterials-
Nanocomposite-
Nanoclusters
and
Unit-I1- Carbon Nano
Tubes (CNT)D
arc Introduction to CNT- SWNT-MWNT-S
discharge MWNT- Synthesis of carbon
nanotubes: Plasma
method- Laser.
Laser- aK Growth
mechanism-ethod-
Properties- CNT
Ablation mical vapour deposition
technique-Chemical
techniques for CNT- Applications. based Nano objects- Gaseous vap
00Jects Gaseous carbon
carbo
based production
source
Unit-Il- Fabrication of
nanomaterials
op-Down Techniques: Ball
techniques: self assembly- Hydrothermal method synthesis-Nanolithogra
Bottom up milling-Combustion
condensation- Co- precipitation method sol-gel synthesi Gas
-
Polyol process -Sonochemical process.
-
Unit- IV- Characterization
Scanning Probe Microscopy Principle of operation - Instrumentation-
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy- STM probe construction and measurement - Atomic Force
Microscopy- Instrumentation and Analysis- Tunneling Electron Microscopy- operation and
measurement.
Unit- V- Applications of nanomaterials
Various nano structures for gas sensing applications: Zero dimentional one
dimentional and two dimentional nano structures Nano materials
for
Nanowires, Nanotubes, Nanorods, colloidal silver and gold nano particles- sensors:
CNTs.
nanocomposites-
Applications - Photocatalysis- Semiconductor photocatalytic materials Ti02, ZnO2
semiconductor/ graphene derivative nanocomposite as visible light responsive photocatalysts
References.
1. Hand book of Nanotechnology- Bharat Bhushan, Springer 3rd ed. 2010
2. Nanotechnology and Nanoelectronics W. R. Fahrner (Editor), Springer (lndia)
Pvt.Ltd,20066
3. Nanotechnology- Mark Ratner, Daniel Ratner, Prentice Hal Professional 2003
4. S.Yang and P.Shen: "Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructured Materials", Taylor &
Francis, 2000.
Doctoral Committee Members
1. s.S 2. r . S. M1Rii(iN
Dr. B.SAKTHIVEL, M.Sc. MPil. PCDCA.Ph.D,
Ascociatereor of Physics,
A.V.V.A. Sii Pisn Clege {" .v.. Coieye tau'n'nn
Pocnci-613 503. hanjaK ano ampannai.f0 205, A.
Sub.Code:18PHDPH2 Credit: 4
Ph.D -Coursework-Paper I
Unit 1- Introduction Thin Films and their
Ihin films an
Applieations
Coalescence stage-overview -Film erowth stages- tage
Island structure stage-
NucleauO
-
and unit cell Channel stage and lattice
spacing Crystal planes and continuous ilm
-
stag -crystal
film stage
Miller indices and
C e s - C r y s t a l system
lstructure-nterplanar
structure
symmetry-
-crystal
Interplanar
CTysia
Unit
I1-Fabrication of Thin Films
Physical vapour deposition -Thermal beam evapOration-
Molecular beam evapor
-
Electron
epitaxy -Sputtering
deposition: Spray pyrolysis
-
evaporation
ulsed laser deposition
techniques -Pulsed lasa
-
Chemical vapour
deposition
Electro chemical
Sol-gel technique Spin Coating-Chemical bath
SILAD an deposition-
deposition
P coating-SILAR
-
method.
Unit-III Structural and
Electrical studies
K-ray diffraction- Powder
diffraction tcchnique for
Structural parameters. polycrystail
Elecirical
resistivity- Sheet resistance Valde's formula for sheet Four
probe method- Hot probe method for the determination resistala probe
of tvpe of conductivity L
method to find mobility, Carrier
concentration and resistivity.
Unit-IV Optical, Surface and Magnetic studies
UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer- Transmission and absorption spectra of thin 1ilms-
Optical band gap - absorption co-efficient-SEM- AFM-TEM- EDS-XPS- PL spectra-
Thickness measurement Weight gain method- surface profilometer- optical interference
method multiple beam interferometry eliipsometry-Fizeau method- Magnetic properties
of thin films- VSM-SQUID.
Unit-V Applications
Gas sensors-Sensing mechanism-Important features of gas sensors- Detection
Principles and requirements-Various types of sensors- General approach to semiconductor
metal oxide gas sensors- Choice of materials sensing - Criteria for the choice of materials.
Sensitivity, stability, selectivity and activity- Mechanism behind change in resistance-
Oxidising gas and Reducing gas.
References:
1.Thin film fundamentals- A. Goswami,New Age international pvt.Ltd, New Delhi 1996
2. Materials science process technology series- Rointan F. Bunshah, Noyes publications USA
1994
3. Elements of X-ray diffraction- B. D. Cullity.Addition - Wesley Publishing Company, Ine.
USA,1956
4.Introduction to thin films- K. Ravichandran, K. Swaminathan, B. Sakthivel, Research India
Publications, New Delhi, 2013
5. Sensors: Principles and
applications. Peter Hauptmann, Prentice Hall
Doctoral Committee Members
sC
Dr. B.SAKTHIVE, M.Sc. M.Phl. PGDCA
ASSOC2e O r of ysICS
Dr.S. MRUGAN DrA Mev ve
Pestarcn Advicn
. v . . S: n Ceg Assistant Frofessnr of Chysic.,
POcnd- , 3 , 3 A.v.C. College f4utonomous
Mannampandal.609 205, 1,N.
Ph.D COURSE WORK
19PHCW01 - ADVANCED MATERIALS
UNIT- I SMART MATERIALS
The principal ingredients of smart materials – Thermal materials – Sensing
technologies – Microsensors – Synthesis of future smart systems – Pyroelectricity –
Piezoelectricity – Properties of commercial piezoelectric materials – Smart materials
featuring piezoelectric elements.
UNIT- II CERAMIC AND COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Advanced Ceramic Materials - Crystal Structures – Silicate Ceramics – Glasses – Glass
ceramics – Functional properties and applications of ceramic materials – Classification of
composites – Fiber reinforced materials – Law of mixtures – Continuous fibers –
discontinuous fibers – Application of composites in electrical and mechanical components
and in nuclear industry.
UNIT- III OPTICAL MATERIALS
Modern imaging materials, Principle of imaging – Superconducting, piezoelectric,
acousto – optic and electro – optic materials – Optical storage materials – Photochromic,
thermoplastic and Photoresist materials – Materials suitable for detecting toxic gases.
UNIT- IV NEW MATERIALS
Smart materials – Shape memory alloys – Shape memory effect – Martensitic
transformation – shape memory alloys – functional properties – processing – texture and its
nature – application.
UNIT- V POLYMER MATERIALS
Classification of polymer – Mechanism of polymerisation – Some commercially
important individual polymer – Thermoplastics – Elastomers – Thermosets – Engineering
plastics – Liquid crystal polymers -– Conductive polymers – High performance fibers –
Biomedical applications – Photonic polymers.
Books for References
1. William D. Callister, Jr., Materials Science and Engineering an Introduction, 2/em
Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007.
2. M.V. Gandhi and B.S. Thompson, Smart materials and structures, chapman and Hall,
London, First Edition, 1992.
3. K. Barriham, D.D. Vvedensky, Low dimensional semiconductor structures:
fundamental and device applications, Cambridge University Press, 2001.
Ph.D COURSE WORK
19PHCW02 - MATERIAL SCIENCE
UNIT- I BULK SYNTHESIS
Top down and bottom up approaches – Mechanical alloying and mechanical ball
milling – Mechano chemical process, Inert gas condensation technique – Arc plasma and
laser ablation.
UNIT- II CHEMICAL APPROACHES
Sol gel processing – Solvothermal, hydrothermal, precipitation, Spray pyrolysis,
Electrospraying and spin coating routes, Self-assembly, self-assembled monolayers (SAMs).
Langmuir – Blodgett (LB) films, micro emulsion polymerization – templated synthesis,
pulsed electrochemical deposition.
UNIT- III PHYSICAL APPROACHES
Vapor deposition and different types of epitaxial growth techniques (CVD, MOCVD,
MBE, ALD) – pulsed laser deposition, Magnetron sputtering – lithography: Photo/ UV/ EB/
FIB techniques, Dip pen nanolithography, Etching process: Dry and Wet etching, micro
contact printing.
UNIT- IV NANOPOROUS MATERIALS
Zeolites, mesoporous materials, nanomembranes – Carbon nanotubes and graphene –
Core shell and hybrid nanocomposites.
UNIT- V APPLICATION OF NANOMATERIALS
Overview of nanomaterials properties and their applications, nano painting, nano
coating, nanomaterials for renewable energy, Molecular Electronics and Nanoelectronics –
Nanobots – Biological Applications.
Books for References
1. S.P. Gaponenko, Optical Properties of semiconductor nanocrystals, Cambridge
University Press, 1980.
2. W. Gaddand, D. Brenner, S. Lysherski and G.J. Infrate (Eds.), Handbook of
NanoScience, Engg. Technology, CRC Press, 2002.
3. G. Cao, Nanostructures & Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties & Applications,
Imperial College Press, 2004.
