OBG PRACTICALS-CBME PATTERN-200MARKS

I. LONG CASE OBSTETRICS - 1*50=50MARKS

II.SHORT CASES GYNECOLOGY - 2*25=50MARKS
III.OSCE:60 MARKS
* CHARTS (1)10 MARKS
* SPOTTERS (2) 20 MARKS
* FAMILY PLANNING (1) 10MARKS
*SLIDES (1) 10 MARKS
*RECENT ADVANCES (1) 10MARKS

IV.VIVA :40 MARKS

*SPOTTERS -10MARKS
*SKULL PELVIS-10MARKS
*INSTRUMENTS-10MARKS
*DRUGS + FAMILY PLANNING -10MARKS
 OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CASES:

DIABETES IN PREGNANCY

1) Define GDM
2) Carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy
3) Screening for Diabetes in pregnancy
When to screen?
Why to screen?
Whom to screen?
What tests are used & how is it done(GCT,OGTT,DIPSI)?
4) Diagnostic Criteria for Pre gestational DM
5) Management options(how will you monitor the patient)
MNT
OHA
INSULIN
6) Antepartum fetal surveillance
7) Maternal complications
8) Fetal complications
9) Neonatal complications
10) Shoulder dystocia
11) Intrapartum glycemic control
12) DKA
13) Most common anomaly
14) Most specific anomaly
15) Factors causing insulin resistance
16) When will you plan delivery?
17) Pre GDM -role of Aspirin, aneuploidy screening and fetal echo
18) Contraceptive advice
19) Pederson hypothesis,Dawn and somoygi phenomenon
 HYPERTENSION IN PREGNANCY:
1) How to measure BP?
2) Define Gestational HTN
3) Classify hypertensive disorders in pregnancy
4) Criteria for diagnosing severe pre eclampsia
5) Risk factors for Hypertension in pregnancy
6) Prediction of Pre eclampsia in antenatal woman
7) Investigations done(PIH profile)
8) Imminent signs of eclampsia
9) Maternal complications
10) Fetal complications
11) Antepartum fetal surveillance
12) Drugs used in treatment of GHTN and in severe PE
13) When will you plan delivery in GHTN and Severe PE?
14) what is eclampsia
15) Management of imminent eclampsia (Pritchards regimen)
16) Define and management of chronic Hypertension
17) Expand HELLP
18)what are the parameters you will monitor during Mgso4 treatment?How will you identifymagnesium toxicity
and antidote for the same
 NORMAL ANC
1) How will you calculate EDD and Gestational age?
2) Total duration of Pregnancy & trimesters
3) What is GPLA
4) Routine antenatal investigations
5) Scans in pregnancy and at what gestational age they are done?
6) Aneuploidy screening -double and quadruple markers
7) External ballotment,shelving sign
8) How will you measure Symphysio fundal Height
9) Grips examination
10) Modified Bishops score, Induction and Augmentation of labour
11) McDonald' s and Johnson' s formula
12) Normal weight gain during pregnancy
13) Calorie requirement during pregnancy
14) Vaccination in pregnancy
15) Differentiate physiological and pathological Edema
16) Cardiff' s count
17) Crichton' s method
18) Ritgen' s Maneuvere
19)AMTSL
 RH ISOIMMUNISATION
1) Brief on Rh antigen system
2) What are the occasions of Fetomaternal hemorrhage?
3) How is the first baby protected?
4) Sensitising dose of FMH?what is the test to detect FMH?
5) What is ICT and when it should be done and what is DCT?
6) RAADP
7) Anti D dose and timing?
8) Critical titre of ICT and what is the next step if ICT reaches critical titre ac
Gestational ages(MCA PSV in MoM)
9) Fetal and neonatal complications-HDFN,hydrops and others
10) Intrauterine transfusion and neonatal exchange transfusion
11) Maternal effects and Ballantyne syndrome
12) Serial amniocentesis and Lileys curve(old method of diagnosis)
13) ABO incompatibility
14) Ways to minimise FMH
 PREVIOUS LSCS
1) Incision on skin and uterus called?
2) Pre-op preparation and steps of LSCS
3) Difference between scar of upper segment and lower segment cesarean section
4) Recurrent and non recurrent Indications for LSCS
5) Indications for upper segment cesarean
6) What is TOLAC and VBAC?
7) Criteria for TOLAC
8) How will you counsel a patient regarding VBAC and Elective repeat cesarean section?
9) Complications of VBAC
10) How will you monitor patient kept for TOLAC(induction and augmentation guidelines)
11) Difference between scar dehiscence and scar rupture
12) Clinical features of uterine rupture
13) Incidence of scar rupture in LSCS and upper segment cesarean section
14) Complications of cesarean section
 FGR
1) Define FGR
2) Risk factors for FGR
3) Symmetric vs Asymmetric FGR
4) Antepartum fetal surveillance
5) Role of ultrasound in FGR
6) Biophysical profile and modified BPP
7) Role of doppler -umbilical artery,middle cerebral artery and CPR
8) Intrapartum and neonatal complications associated with FGR
9) Symphysio fundal height
10) How will you determine the accuracy of gestational age ?
11) DD for uterine size smaller than GA
12) Stages and management of IUGR
13) Timing of delivery
14) What is SGA, AGA, LGA
15) Define oligoamnios, causes
 POSTDATED PREGNANCY
1) Define term,preterm and Post term
2) Difference between post term and post date
3) Risk factors for post term?
4) How does labour initiation occurs naturally?
5) How will you accurately date the pregnancy?
6) Antepartum, intrapartum, postpartum complications of post term pregnancy
7) Features of a post term infant
8) Antepartum fetal surveillance in post term
9) At what gestational age the patient should be induced if Antepartum fetal surveillance is
satisfactory?
 HEART DISEASES IN PREGNANCY
1) Physiological Changes in Cvs
2) Incidence
3) Types Of Heart Diseases/ Mc In Pregnancy/ Mc Valve Involved .
4) Nyha Classification of Heart Disease
5) Signs and Symptoms
6) Diseases Which Are Contraindicated For Pregnancy
7) Maternal Complications (Trimester Wise, During Labour, Postpartum) , Fetal
8) Complications
9) Rule of 5 - With Regard To High Risk Period for Cardiac Failure In
Pregnancy
10) Precipitating Factors For Cardiac failure , How To Identify Patient In
Failure?
11) Effect of Pregnancy on the Disease
12) Effect of Disease on Pregnancy
13) Role of Anticoagulation (Unfractionated Heparin / Warfarin / LMWH) –
Each Drug Advantages and Disadvantages
14) Bridging Anticoagulation
15) Warfarin Embryopathy
16) Management During Labour
17) Infective Endocarditis Prophylaxis
18) Contraception Preferred
19) Cause Of Death In Heart Disease In Pregnancy( Mc To Least Common)

SHORT PRIMI
1) What is Short Stature?
2) What is Contracted Pelvis – Definition, Causes.
3) Types of Pelvis/ Features – Caldwell Moloy Classification
Bishop’s &Amp; Modified Bishop’s Score
4) Assessment of Pelvis – Clinical Pelvimetry
5) Possibilities of Mobile Head at Term?
 CPD
1) Definition
2) What Are the Pointers From H/O And Clinical Examination?
3) Diagnostic Methods : Abdominal ( Chasser Moir Method) Abdominovaginal ( Muller Hillis /
Munro Kerr Muller )
4) Stages of Labour / Latent &Amp; Active Phase
5) What Is Engagement?
6) Partogram
7) Arrest of Descent, Arrest of Dilatation ?
8) Effect of Contracted Pelvis on Pregnancy &Amp; Labour?
9) Obstructed Labour
10) Define Trial of Labour?
11) What Is Moulding ?
12) What Is Prolonged Labour?
13) What Is Obstetric Conjugate/ Diagonal Conjugate?
 BREECH
1) Incidence
2) Types of Breech
3) Risk Factors for Breech (Maternal &Amp; Fetal)
4) ECV :
5) Definition
6) Timing
7) Prerequisites
8) Contraindications
9) Procedure
10) Complications
11) Causes for Failure of Version
12) Zatuchni – Andros Scoring System
13) Management During Labour:
14) Types of Vaginal Breech Delivery – Spontaneous/ Assisted Breech / Breech
Extraction.
15) All Named Manouvres and Techniques
16) Methods to Deliver Aftercoming Head?
17) Forceps Used
18) Indications for Elective Cs in Breech
19) How to Differentiate Between Face and Breech Presentation?
20) Fetal Complications in Breech

MULTIPLE PREGNANCY
1) Dd for Overdistended Uterus
2) Incidence/ Hellin’s Rule / Types
3) Causes
4) Chorionicity &Amp; Amnionicity
5) Superfecundation, Superfetation
6) Maternal Complications ( Trimester Wise, During Labour, Puerperium)
7) Fetal Complications
8) Management ( Antenatal, During Labour)
9) TTTS , Discordant Twins , TRAP ,TAPS.
10) Vanishing Twin
11) Twin Peak/ Lambda, T- Sign.
12) Polyhydramnios/ Oligohydramnios
13) Role of Steroids
14) Time of Delivery
15) Whom to Allow For Normal Vaginal Delivery?
16) Precautions and Management of Delivery of 2nd Twin
17) Intertwin Delivery Interval
18) Indications for C-Section in Twins
19) ECV , IPV

BAD OBSTETRIC HISTORY ( BOH)

1) Recurrent Pregnancy Loss – Definition and Causes.
2) Abortion
3) Definition
4) Causes for 1st Trimester &Amp; 2nd Trimester Abortion
5) Types / How To Differentiate ( Findings)
6) Chromosomal Anomalies Causing Rpl / Mc Cause
7) What is Apla
8) Diagnostic Criteria
9) Complications of Apla
10) Torch Infections
11) How to Screen
12) Wat Type Of Congenital Anomalies Occur?
13) Management
14) Cervical Incompetence
15) Definition
16) Etiology
17) How to Diagnose
18) Cervical Encerclage
19) Uterine Anomalies – Types , Management.
20) Endocrine / Immunological Causes Accounting For Rpl

ANEMIA
1) Anemia Definition
2) Icmr Classification of Anemia
3) Causes of Anemia (Most Common to Least Common)
4) Manifestations of Anemia ( Signs &Amp; Symptoms)
5) Daily Iron Requirement/ Folic Acid &Amp; B12 Requirement
6) All Iron Indices,How to Calculate , Normal Values In Pregnancy
7) Complications of Anemia ( Maternal / Fetal) – Maternal Complications Trimester
Wise, During Labour And Postpartum)
8) Foods Rich in Iron / Folic Acid / Vit B12
9) Oral Iron – Types , Indications ,Therapeutic And Prophylactic Dose
10) Parenteral Iron – Indications/ Contraindications, Types Of Parenteral
11) Iron, Dose Calculation
12) Blood Tranfusion – Indications, Disadvantage
13) Megaloblastic Anemia / Dimorphic Anemia
14) Hemoglobinopathies
15) Deworming – Mc Organisms
16) Contraception for Anemic Patients
17) Management of Labour in Anemia
18) Earliest Sign of Improvement of Anemia And Time Taken For Each ( Oral/
Parenteral/ Blood)
19) Anemia Mukth Bharat
20) Methods Used To Estimate Haemoglobin.
 PELVIC ORGAN PROLAPSE
1) Define Pelvic Organ Prolapse
2) Dd for Mass Descending PV
3) Risk Factors for Pop
4) Degrees of Prolapse
5) Pop-Q
6) Anterior and Posterior Compartment Prolapse
7) 3 Sulci on Vaginal Wall
8) What Is Decubitus Ulcer And Its Treatment?
9) How Will You Elicit Stress Urinary Incontinence In Patients With Prolapse?
10) How to Differentiate Pop from Infravaginal Elongation of Cervix?
11) What Is The Conservative Management-Kiegels Exercise And Pessaries? Indications for fhe Same
12) Types of Pessaries
13) What is Ward Mayo Procedure?Steps of VH+PFR
14) What is Fothergills Operation?
15) Uterus Preserving Surgeries in Pop
16) What is Lefort' S Colpocleisis?
17) De Lancey Support of Vagina
18) Anatomical Factors That Prevent Pelvic Organ Prolapse
19) Complications of VH
 AUB
1) Define AUB
2) Figo Classification of AUB
3) Palm-Coein
4) PBAC (Pictorial Blood Loss Assessment Chart)
5) Know the Terms Menorrhagia,Metrorrhagia,Polymenorrhea,Oligomenorrhea,Hypomenorrhea,
6) Investigations Done-Blood Tests and USG
7) Indications for Endometrial Sampling
8) Medical Methods-Non Hormonal and Hormonal Methods
9) Surgical Procedures Done & Complications for Each of the Cause
10) Define Adenomyosis
11) Mirena
12) How Will You Manage Acute and Severe Bleeding In AUB
13) Names of Endometrial Ablative Procedures-Resectoscopic and Non Resectoscopic
14) What Is Saline Sonography and What Is Its Use
15) What Is Irregular Shedding And Irregular Ripening?
16) Outline Physiology of Normal Menstruation And How Does Bleeding Stop In Normal Menstruation?
17) Endocrine Causes of AUB
 MASS ABDOMEN-FIBROID UTERUS
1) Dd for Mass Abdomen
2) Points In Favour of Fibroid
3) Clinical Features of Fibroid Uterus
4) What Is Leiyomyoma /Fibroid Uterus and How Does Fibroids Cause Increased Menstrual Bleeding
5) Anatomical and figo Classification of Fibroids
6) Risk Factors
7) Reason for Urinary Symptoms Due To Fibroids
8) Reason for Infertility Due To Fibroids
9) Degenerative Changes in Fibroid
10) Investigations Done-USG Features of Fibroid
11) Medical Management
12) Surgical Management -Myomectomy and Hysterectomy
13) Steps to Reduce Blood Loss in Myomectomy
14) Ligamentous Attachments of Uterus
15) Steps Of Hysterectomy –TAH,NDVH,LAVH,TLH
16) Newer Methods -Uae And Mrgfus
17) Clinically How Will You Differentiate Between Uterine and Ovarian Mass
18) Reason for Acute Pain In Fibroids
19) What Is True And Pseudo Broad Ligament Fibroids?
20) Complications of Surgeries Done
 INFERTILITY
1) Definition , Types
2) What is Sterility?
3) Causes ( Male / Female)
4) How to Evaluate a Couple?
5) Sperm Abnormalities
6) Who Sperm Analysis Normal Values
7) What is Follicular Study?
8) Tests for Tubal Patency
9) Tests for Ovulation
10) HSG – Procedure, Dye Used, Indications, Contraindications.
11) Post Coital Test
12) Hormonal Evaluation ( Male And Female)
13) Luteal Phase Defect
14) Ovulation Induction – ( Clomiphene Citrate, Letrozole)
15) What Is IUI? Indications?
16) What Is IVF/ LCSI? Indications?
17) What Is Ohss?
 MASS ABDOMEN – OVARIAN MASS
1) What Are The Dd’s of A Midline Abdominal Swelling?
2) Differentiating Features Between A Benign & Malignant Ovarian Tumour( Clinical / Usg Features )
3) How to Differentiate Between Abdominal And Abdominopelvic Mass?
4) Complications of Benign Ovarian Tumour?
5) Classification of Ovarian Tumours( Who)
6) Signs & Symptoms
7) Risk Factors for Ovarian Carcinoma
8) Hereditary Risk Factors?
9) Staging of Ovarian Cancer.
10) Types of Spread?
11) Steps of Staging Laparotomy
12) Treatment Protocol Stagewise?
13) What is Early Stage Ovarian Cancer and How Will You Treat It?
14) What is Advanced Stage Ovarian Cancer and How Will You Treat It?
15) Role of Chemotherapy – Agents Used, Side Effects.
16) What is Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy?
17) Tumour Markers
 POSTMENOPAUSAL BLEEDING ( CA ENDOMETRIUM/ CA CERVIX)
1) Define Menopause
2) What Are Menopausal Symptoms?
3) Define PMB
4) Causes for Postmenopausal Bleeding
5) How to Evaluate PMB?

CA CERVIX

1) Screening Tests for Ca Cervix

2) Pap
3) LBC
4) HPV/ DNA
5) Via/ Villi
6) Cervical Biopsy
7) HPV Types / Vaccines Available
8) Premalignant Lesions of Cervix
9) Lsil / Hsil Management and Follow Up
10) Colposcopy – Indications, Magnification , Abnormal Findings, Disadvantages
11) Leep/ Lletz
12) Causes for Ca Cervix
13) Signs & Symptoms
14) How to Stage & Staging of Ca Cervix
15) Mc Group of Ln Involved (Sentinel Lymph Node)
16) Mc Histological Type
17) Stagewise Treatment Modalities
18) Primary Surgery Preferred Upto What Stage?
19) What Is Simple Hysterectomy
20) What Is Radical Hysterectomy?
21) Radiotheraphy
22) Brachytherapy
23) Ebrt
24) Side Effects of Rt
25) What Is Point A & Point B
26) Chemotherapy in Ca Cervix
27) Prognostic Factors and Follow Up

CA ENDOMETRIUM
1) Cut off to do Endometrial Biopsy In Pm Women?
2) Endometrial Biopsy ( Procedure, Complications, Methods Used )
3) Endometrial Hyperplasia
4) Types & Wat % Risk of Malignancy?
5) Treatment and Follow Up
6) Riskfactors / Causes for Endometrial Ca
7) Types of Endometrial Ca ( 1&2)/ Histological Classification
8) Corpus Cancer Syndrome
9) Investigations Done/ How To Stage ?
10) Staging of Endometrial Carcinoma
11) Types of Tumour Spread
12) Stagewise Treatment
13) Staging Laparotomy Steps
14) Role of Chemo & Radiotherapy
15) Prognostic Factors
16) Post Treatment Follow Up
17) Fertility Sparing Treatment for Ca Endometrium?

SPECIMENS:(10m)

1) FIBROID UTERUS
2) ADENOMYOSIS
3) CERVICAL POLYP
4) ENDOMETRIAL POLYP
5) ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOMA
6) CERVICAL CARCINOMA
5) ECTOPIC PREGNANCY
6) OVARIAN CYSTS
7) MOLAR PREGNANCY
8) ANENCEPHALY
9) FETUS AND PLACENTA
10) MENINGOMYELOCELE
 • To identify specimens
• Name the procedure performed
• Steps of the procedure
• Other management options
• To study basic anatomy/pathophysiology behind obstetric specimens

SKULL PELVIS:(10m)

• To study maternal pelvis in detail

• To study various diameters, attitude and presentation in fetal skull
• Mechanism of normal labour
• Mechanism of Occipitoposterior position
• Mechanism of breech delivery
• To study Partogram ,NST, Xrays of HSG and missing IUCD
DRUGS AND FAMILY PLANNING:(10m)

NAME DOSE USES REMARKS

OXYTOCIN 10 UNITS IM/IV AMTSL FOR ATONIC PPH-40UNITS IV
FOR AUGMENTATION -5UNITS IN
1PINT RL
METHERGIN 0.2mg im 2nd hrly ATONIC PPH C/I-HTN,Heart disease
upto 5 doses
CARBOPROST 250mcg im or ATONIC PPH C/I-Bronchial asthma
(PGF2alpha) intramyometrial
every 15min upto
8 doses

MISOPROSTOL 800-1000mcg PR ATONIC PPH For induction of labour 25mcg pv or

(PGE1) or sublingual sublingual
 50mcg oral once in 4hrs

For MTP -400-800mcg oral or pv

depending on gestational age
TRANEXAMIC ACID 1gm ATONIC PPH FOR AUB -500 -1000mg oral or iv
CARBETOCIN 100mcg iv AMTSL Advantage-single dose
/ATONIC PPH sufficient,heat stable does not
require refrigeration
MIFEPRISTONE 200mg MTP
(antiprogesterone)
DINOPROSTONE 0.5mg Induction of Can be repeated once in 6hrs .max
/CERVIPRIME GEL labour 3doses
(PGE2)
BETAMETHASONE 12mg im 2doses Fetal lung
(antenatal 24hrs apart maturity in
corticosteroid)
 patients with
preterm pain
DEXAMETHASONE 6mg im 4 doses Fetal lung
(antenatal 12hrs apart maturity in
corticosteroid) patients with
preterm pain
NIFEDIPINE 10mg tds or qid HTN disorders
(CCB) in pregnancy
As a tocolytic
LABETALOL 100mg tds to HTN disorders In severe PE -iv labetalol is given
(beta+selective alpha 200mg tds in pregnancy 20mg,40mg -upto 220mg max
blocker)
HYDRALAZINE 5-10mg iv upto Severe PE
(vasodilator) 20mg
MGSO4 Pritchards regime -Prevention Loading dose:
and treatment 4g 20% soln iv over 20min
of eclampsia 5g 50% soln im both buttocks
- Maintenance dose:
Neuroprotectio 5g 50% soln im on alternate
n to prevent buttocks 4th hrly til 24hrs from
cerebral palsy delivery or seizures whichever is
in preterm birth later
(<34wks)
T.Metformin 500-1000 mg GDM
IRON tablets 60mg elemental Prevention of For treatment give as bd dosage
iron(WHO) anemia in along with vitamin c for better
100mg elemental pregnancy absorption
iron (ICMR) ICMR recommends iron
supplementation for atleast
100days pregnancy and in
postpartum
CALCIUM tablets 500mg -1000mg Supplementati
on in
pregnancy
FOLIC ACID 5mg Supplementati 400mcg od(WHO)
on in 500mcg od (ICMR)
pregnancy prevention of neural tube defects
IRON SUCROSE 200mg in 100ml treatment of Based on Ganzoni formula,iron
NS iron deficiency requirement is calculated and given
anemia as 200mg in 100ml NS on alternate
days
FERRIC 500 mg in 100ml treatment of Dose may be repeated after 1-
CARBOXYMALTOSE NS iron deficiency 2weeks
anemia
ORAL Susten - Treatment of
PROGESTERONE 200mg/400mg threatened
(SUSTEN/DYDROGE Dydrogesterone miscarriage
STERONE) 10mg
OCP (MALA N/D) EE 30mcg+LNG Contraception Non contraceptive uses:
(inhibition of 0.15mg Emergency Premenstrual syndrome
ovulation) contraception Menorrhagia
To regularise dysmenorrhea
menstrual cycle 50% reduction in ovarian cancer if used
for 5 years
DMPA (ANTARA) 150mg im once in 3 contraception HMB,Endometriosis,adenomyosis,dys
(inhibition of months menorrhea
ovulation,thickens
cervical mucus)
COPPER T 375 &380 A Contraception Emergency contraception if used
(aseptic inflammation 375-5yrs within 5 days
of endometrial 380A-10yrs
cavity,spermicidal)
MALE CONDOM Barrier
contraception
MIRENA LNG 52mg Releases Adenomyosis
20mcg/day Endometriosis
Endometrial hyperplasia
ORMELOXIFENE(ce 30mg twice a week contraception AUB
ntchroman,saheli)- for 3months f/b once
SERM a week
MEPRATE 10mg bd for 5days – Cyclical Upto 200mg/day in cases of stage Ia
for withdrawal progesterone for endometrial cancer
bleeding 21 days to Endometrial hyperplasia
regularise
menstrual cycle
Inj LMWH To prevent DVT
INJ Td 2 doses 4weeks
apart
LETROZOLE 2.5-5mg od for Ovulation Advantages:
(aromatase inhibitors) 5days from day 2 to induction Monofollicular development
day6(max 7.5mg/d)
CLOMIPHENE 50-150mg od for Ovulation Disadvantages:
CITRATE (SERM) 5days from day 2 to induction OHSS,Multifetal gestation,endometrial
day6 thinning
METHOTREXATE 50mg/sq.m Ectopic Adverse effects:
(inhibits dihydrofolate pregnancy Leucopenia,skin rash,mouth
reductase) Molar pregnancy ulcers,deranged LFT
ALBENDAZOLE 400mg stat dose For deworming
(antihelminthic) given in 2nd
trimester
INSTRUMENTS:
VULSELLUM
-used to hold cervical lip
ALLIS FORECEPS-TISSUE HOLDING
WRIGLEYS OUTLET FORCEPS
-to cut short 2nd stage of labour in
severe anemia,heart disease,fetal
distress,prolonged 2nd stage.

PRE REQUISITES:
-no fetal pole palpable per
abdomen
-bladder should be empty
-cervix should be fully dilated
-vertex at +2 station

COMPLICATIONS;
PERINEAL TEARS
TRAUMATIC PPH
FETAL-FACIAL NERVE PALSY,SKULL
FRACTURES
VENTOUSE
-to cut short 2nd stage of labour in
severe anemia,heart disease,fetal
distress,prolonged 2nd stage.

PRE REQUISITES:
-no fetal pole palpable per
abdomen
-bladder should be empty
-cervix should be fully dilated
-vertex at +2 station

COMPLICATIONS;
PERINEAL TEARS
TRAUMATIC PPH
CEPHALHEMATOMA
CURVED MAYO-TISSUE CUTTING
SCISSORS
SUTURE REMOVAL SCISSORS
EPISIOTOMY SCISSORS

MEDIOLATERAL EPISIOTOMY IS
PREFERRED
NEEDLE HOLDER
BABCOCKS FORCEPS

TO HOLD FALLOPIAN TUBE FOR

STERILISATION
UTERINE SOUND

TO FIND OUT WHETHER UTERUS

IS ANTEVERTED OR RETROVERTED

TO MEASURE UTEROCERVICAL
LENGTH
LEECH WILKINSON CANNULA
TO PERFORM HSG,METHYLENE
BLUE DYE INTO CERVICAL CANAL
DOYENS RETRACTOR
TO RETRACT BLADDER IN
CESAREAN SECTION
METAL CATHETER
TO DRAIN URINE BEFORE VAGINAL
HYSTERECTOMY
MYOMA SCREW
USED FOR MYOMECTOMY
CUSCO SPECULUM:
SELF RETAINING TO RETRACT
VAGINAL WALLS

PROCEDURES DONE:
PAP smear
CERVICAL BIOPSY
SIM’S SPECULUM:
TO RETRACT VAGINAL WALLS
PIPELLE’S ENDOMETRIAL CURETTE

FOR ENDOMETRIAL BIOPSY ON

OPD BASIS
INDICATIONS:
Irregular mensus
ET> 12mm in reproductive age
group
ET>4mm in postmenopausal age
group
RING PESSARY
USED FOR PELVIC ORGEN
PROLAPSE-2ND DEGREE,PROLAPSE
DURING PREGNANCY,PATIENTS
UNFIT FOR SURGERY,DECUBITUS
ULCER HEALING
UTERINE CURETTE
FOR PERFORMING D&C
FRACTIONAL CURETTEGE
SPONGE HOLDING FORCEPS
FOR HOLDING NON PREGNANT
CERVIX
OVUM FORCEPS
TO REMOVE RETAINED PRODUCTS
OF CONCEPTION
HEGARS DILATOR
USED FOR CERVICAL DILATATION
BEFORE PROCEDURES
CERVICAL PUNCH BIOPSY
TO TAKE BIOPSY FROM CERVIX TO
DIAGNOSE CERVICAL
MALIGNANCY
KARMAN’S CANNULA

SUCTION EVACUATION
KOCHERS FORCEPS

ARTIFICIAL RUPTURE OF
MEMBRANES
FOLEY’S CATHETER
FO CONDOM TAMPONADE IN
ATONIC PPH
INDUCTION OF LABOUR
AYRE’S SPATULA

USED FOR PAP SMEAR

GREEN ARMYTAGE
USED TO HOLD UTERINE VESSELS
TO ARREST BLEEDING DURING
CESAREAN SECTION
RECENT ADVANCES OBSTETRICS RECENT ADVANCES GYNECOLOGY
AMNIOCENTESIS HYSTEROSCOPY
CHORIONIC VILLI SAMPLING IMPLANTS
SURROGACY MRGFUS
NIPT UAE
CARBETOCIN TRANSDERMAL PATCH
PRE IMPLANTATION GENETIC TESTING FRAMELESS IUCD
ICSI ENDOMETRIAL ABLATION
MCA PSV DOPPLER
MULTIFETAL PREGNANCY REDUCTION
UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD BANKING
RECENT ADVANCES OBSTETRICS

1) IDENTIFY THE PROCEDURE

2) WHEN IS IT PREFERRABLY PERFORMED?

3)2 INDICATIONS

4)2 COMPLICATIONS

5)WHAT IS TO BE DONE WHEN THE MOTHER IS RH NEGATIVE?

1) Amniocentesis
2) 15 to 20 weeks
3) Done when double marker / quadruple marker shows risk of aneuploidies,
Presence of soft markers of aneuploidies in USG,to document congenital
infections,alloimmunization, assessment of fetal lung maturity
4) Fetal loss, Amniotic fluid leakage,Clubfoot if Amniocentesis performed at
early GA
5) Anti D to be administered
1) IDENTIFY THE PROCEDURE

2) GESTATIONAL AGE AT WHICH THE PROCEDURE IS PERFORMED

3) ROUTES BY WHICH THE PROCEDURE CAN BE PERFORMED

4) NAME ONE DISADVANTAGE

5) 2 COMPLICATIONS
1) Chorionic villi sampling

2)10-13wks

3) Transcervical,Transabdominal

4) Confined placental mosaicism may affect the result

5) fetal loss, limb reduction defects,oromandibular defects, limb hypoplasia

1) TYPES OF SURROGACY
2) WHICH TYPE OF SURROGACY IS PERMISSIBLE IN INDIA?
3) PUNISHMENT FOR ILLEGAL SURROGACY ACCORDING TO SURROGACY
REGULATION ACT

4) 2 INDICATIONS FOR SURROGACY

5) ELIGIBILITY OF INTENDING COUPLE
1) Commercial and altruistic

2) Altruistic surrogacy

3) 10 years imprisonment and 10 lakhs fine

4) Absent uterus, Hysterectomy for oncological conditions , AUFI( absolute uterine

factor infertility)

5) Legally married couple with man aged 26-55yrs,woman 25-50yrs

1) IDENTIFY

2) PRINCIPLE BEHIND THE PROCEDURE

3) INDICATIONS

4) LIMITATIONS

5) NAME THE QUADRUPLE MARKERS

1) Non invasive prenatal Testing
2) Based on identifying and analyzing cell free DNA fragments from maternal
circulation
3) prior pregnancy with autosomal trisomies, positive double or quadruple marker
test,sonogram with soft markers
4) Costly,No call result,assay failure,low fetal fragment,not useful in multifetal
pregnancies
5) MSAFP, unconjugated Estriol, beta HCG,INHIBIN A
1) NAME THE CONDITION WHERE THIS DRUG IS USED

2) DOSE USED

3) 2 ADVANTAGES OVER OTHER DRUGS

4) 4 RISK FACTORS FOR THE CONDITION IN WHICH IT IS USED

5) NAME OTHER DRUGS THAT CAN BE USED TO TREAT THE CONDITION

1) Atonic PPH

2) 100mcg intravenous

3) Heat stable and does not require refrigeration,single dose is sufficient

4) Multiparity, multiple pregnancy,Anemia, fibroid complicating pregnancy,

macrosomia,polyhydramnios

5) Oxytocin, Methergin, Carboprost, Misoprostol

1) IDENTIFY THE PROCEDURE

2) 2 INDICATIONS

3) NAME TWO GENETIC DISORDERS THAT CAN BE IDENTIFIED BY THESE PROCEDURES

4) NAME 4 USG SOFT MARKERS OF ANEUPLOIDIES

5) 2 COMPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL REPRODUCTIVE TECHNIQUES
1) Pre implantation genetic testing / Embryo biopsy

2) Couples with known genetic disease,sex selection in case of X linked disorders,

RPL, multiple IVF failures

3) Cystic fibrosis,Hemophilia

4) Echogenic bowel,echogenic intracardiac foci,renal pyelectasis,choroid plexus

cyst

5) Multiple pregnancy,preterm labour,OHSS

 ICSI

1) IDENTIFY THE PROCEDURE

2) DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL IVF AND THIS PROCEDURE

3) 2 INDICATIONS FOR THIS PROCEDURE

4) 2 INDICATIONS FOR ARTIFICIAL REPRODUCTIVE TECHNIQUES

5) 2 COMPLICATIONS OF IVF
1) Intracytoplasmic sperm injection
2) In conventional IVF sperm and ovum are allowed to fertilize in laboratory
whereas in ICSI sperm is directly injected into cytoplasm of ovum
3) Previous failed conventional IVF,sperm retrieved using surgical
techniques,unexplained male factor infertility.
4) Oligoasthenoteratospermia
5) Multiple pregnancies,OHSS
1) NAME THE DOPPLER PARAMETER USED IN RH INCOMPATIBILITY

2) CUT OFF FOR DIAGNOSIS OF FETAL ANEMIA

3) 4 USG FEATURES OF HYDROPS FETALIS

4) DOSE OF ANTI D AND AT WHAT TIME IT IS TO BE ADMINISTERED

5) RAADP
1) MCA PSV

2) 1.5 MoM

3) Pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, ascites, subcutaneous edema

4) 300 mcg , within 72 hours of birth of a Rh positive baby

5) Routine Antenatal Anti D prophylaxis

1. IDENTIFY THE ABOVE PROCEDURE
2. NAME THE METHOD USED IN PREGNANCIES WITH INDEPENDENT
CHORIONICITY AND IN MONOCHORIONICITY?
3. 4 MATERNAL COMPLICATIONS OF MULTIPLE PREGNANCY
4. 2COMPLICATIONS SPECIFIC TO MONOCHORIONIC TWINS
5. 2 USG FEATURES OF MONOCHORIONIC PREGNANCY
1) Multifetal pregnancy reduction / Selective fetal reduction.

2) Injection of intracardiac kcl

3) Anemia,GDM,Pre eclampsia,PPH

4)TTTS,TRAP,selective fetal growth restriction

5)T sign,thin intertwin membrane

1) NAME THE PROCEDURE

2) WHERE IS IT STORED?

3) USE OF THE ABOVE MENTIONED PROCEDURE

4) HOW MANY VESSELS ARE THERE IN UMBILICAL CORD AND WHAT ARE THEY?

5) COMPLICATIONS OF SUCCENTURIATE PLACENTA

1) Umbilical cord blood Collection for stem cell banking

2) Public and private Umbilical cord blood banks

3) used for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

4) 3 Vessels-2arteries and 1 vein

5) retained placenta, secondary PPH

 RECENT ADVANCES GYNECOLOGY-QUES

1)WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT DISTENSION MEDIUM USED?

2) NAME 2 INDICATIONS FOR THE ABOVE PROCEDURE?

3) NAME 2 CONTRA INDICATIONS FOR THE ABOVE ?

4) ANY 2 COMPLICATIONS OF THE ABOVE?

5) NAME 2 PROCEDURES DONE

WITH THE ABOVE?

1) IDENTIFY ?
2) WHAT IS THE COMPOSITION AND DOSAGE?
3) WHAT IS THE DURATION OF USAGE?
4) WHAT ARE THE ADVERSE EFFECTS?
5) WHAT IS THE BEST TIME TO INSERT?
1 )IDENTIFY?
2 )USED IN?
3 )WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION?
4 )WHAT ARE COMPLICATIONS?
5 )WHAT ARE THE CONTRA INDICATIONS?
1)IDENTIFY

2)WHAT ARE THE USES?

3) WHAT ARE COMPLICATIONS?

4) NAME THE PARTICLES USED.

5) WHAT ARE CONTRA INDICATIONS?

1)IDENTIFY

2)WHAT ARE THE 2 GENERATIONS OF ABLATION TECHNIQUES

YOU KNOW OF?

3)USED IN?

4)WHAT ARE COMPLICATIONS?

5)WHAT ARE THE CONTRA INDICATIONS?

1)WHAT IS THE COMPOSITION?

2)WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION?

3)HOW FREQUENTLY IT IS CHANGED?

4)WHAT ARE THE ADVERSE EFFECTS?

5)WHAT ARE THE CONTRA INDICATIONS?

1)IDENTIFY

2)WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION?

3)WHAT ARE THE ADVERSE EFFECTS?

4)WHAT IS THE FAILURE RATE?

5)WHAT ARE THE CONTRA INDICATIONS?

RECENT ADVANCES-GYNECOLOGY:
Hysteroscopy
1) Distension medium – CO2, glycine,0.9% NaCl, mannitol,
sorbitol
2) Indications – AUB, infertility, uterine anomalies
3) C.I- Infection, pregnancy
4) Complications – uterine perforation,fluid overload,
infection, bleeding
5) Procedures – Polypectomy, septal resection

1) IMPLANON
2) Etonogestrel (68 mg)
3) 3 yrs
4) Spotting,nausea,cramping, headache,breast
tenderness,weight gain
5) First 5 days of cycle

MRgFUS
1) MRI guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound
2) To shrink the Fibroid size
3) Thermoablative procedure in which focused Ultrasound
under MR tomographic monitoring heats tissue
4) Pain, skin burns, inflammation of subcutaneous tissue and
muscle
5) Malignancy, pregnancy,> 5 > 10 cm myoma
UAE

1) UAE
2) Fibroid,PPH
3) Infection, tissue injury, allergy, infertility
4) Polyvinyl alcohol particles
5) Pregnancy,pelvic infection,contrast allergy

Endometrial ablation
1) Endometrial ablation
2) Resectoscopic(hysteroscopic endometrial
ablation,loop,roller ball coagulation,TCRE) and non
resectoscopic(radiofrequency induced thermal
ablation,microwave endometrial ablation,cavaterm balloon
therapy)
3) AUB
4) Pain, bleeding, infection, uterine trauma
5) Infection,PID,cancer, recent pregnancy

ORTHO EVRA
1) 6 Mg norelgestromin, 0.6 mg Ethinyl estradiol
2) Inhibition of ovulation
3) Weekly once.
4) Thrombosis, breakthrough bleeding,skin irritation, breast
tenderness
5) Smoker, MI, Stroke, thrombosis, migraine
Gynefix
1) Gynefix- frameless IUD
2) Phagocytosis of sperm, decreases sperm motility,
decreases fertilising capacity of sperm
3) Expulsion, bleeding,pain
4) Failure - <1 % per year

5) C.I – PID , pregnancy, AUB, malignancy

SLIDES:QUESTIONS
NORMAL PAP
CIN III
IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA
YOLKSAC TUMOR
SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA CERVIX
BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS
NEISERRIA GONORRHEA
CARCINOMA ENDOMETRIUM
GENITAL TB
1) IDENTIFY THE ABOVE SLIDE
2) STAIN AND FIXATIVES USED FOR THE ABOVE PREPARATION
3) SCREENING TESTS USED FOR CA CERVIX
4) WHAT IS ASCUS?
5) WHAT IS THE LATEST SCREENING RECOMMENDATION FOR CA CERVIX?
1)IDENTIFY THE ABOVE SLIDE
2) TYPES OF DYSPLASIA
3)TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR HSIL?
4) LLETZ
5) WHAT ARE KOILOCYTES?
1) IDENTIFY THE ABOVE SLIDE
2) CAUSES FOR THE ABOVE CONDITION
3) DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
4) MEASURES TO PREVENT THIS CONDITION
5) COMPLICATIONS THAT CAN OCCUR IN
PREGNANCY DUE TO THE ABOVE
PATHOLOGY?
1) IDENTIFY THE CELL
2) MENTION THE CAUSES OF THE ABOVE
CONDITION
3) COMPLICATIONS OF THE ABOVE
PATHOLOGY?
4) WHAT IS THE PROPHYLACTIC AND
THERAPEUTIC DOSE OF FOLIC ACID WHICH IS
GIVEN PRECONCEPTIONALY?
5) MENTION THE CONDITIONS WHERE
THERAPEUTIC DOSE OF FOLIC ACID IS GIVEN.
1) IDENTIFY THE ABOVE CELLULAR STRUCTURE
2)SEEN IN ?
3) MENTION THE TUMOUR MARKERS WHICH ARE ELEVATED IN SUCH
CONDITION
4) CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC REGIMEN PREFERRED FOR THE ABOVE
TUMOUR.
5) METASTASIS TO RETROPERITONEAL LYMPHNODES WITH
INVOLVEMENT OF LIVER CAPSULE BELONGS TO WHICH STAGE?
CERVICAL BIOPSY OF A 60 YEAR
POSTMENOPAUSAL LADY IS ILLUSTRATED
ABOVE.

1) IDENTIFY THE CHARACTERISTIC

HISTOPATHOLOGICAL

APPEARANCE .
2) DIAGNOSIS?
3) CAUSATIVE FACTORS?
4) MC MODE OF SPREAD AND GOLD STANDARD
INVESTIGATION USED FOR PREOPERATIVE
STAGING.
5) VACCINES USED TO PREVENT THE DISEASE.
1) IDENTIFY THE CELL
2) MENTION THE ABOVE DISEASE
3) NAME 4 CAUSATIVE ORGANISMS
4) HOW TO TREAT THE ABOVE CONDITION?
5) WHAT ARE THE COMPLICATIONS IT CAN CAUSE
WHEN IT OCCURS DURING PRENANCY?
1) IDENTIFY THE ABOVE ORGANISM AND THE DISEASE CAUSED BY IT.
2) RECOMMENDED TREATMENT REGIMEN.
3) WHAT ARE THE COMPLICATIONS WHICH CAN OCCUR?

4) MENTION FOUR ORGANISMS CAUSING GENITAL ULCER?

 5) WHAT IS “FITZ-HUGH-CURTIS” SYNDROME

PIPELLE’S ASPIRATE OF A 62 YEAR LADY WITH

COMPLAINTS OF POSTMENOPAUSAL BLEEDING
IS ILLUSTRATED ABOVE
1) MENTION ANY 4 RISK FACTORS FOR THE ABOVE
CONDITION
2) DD FOR POSTMENOPAUSAL BLEEDING.
3) FERTILITY SPARING SURGERY IS DONE FOR?
4) FIRST LINE TREATMENT OF EH WITHOUT ATYPIA
5) PROGNOSIS OF THE ABOVE CONDITION
DEPENDS ON WHAT FACTORS?
30 YEAR OLD NULLIGRAVIDA WITH IRREGULAR CYCLES WAS UNDER
EVALUATION. ENDOMETRIAL SCRAPINGS WERE STAINED WITH A
SPECIAL STAIN .
1) NAME THE STAIN USED AND THE ORGANISM SEEN IN
THE ABOVE SLIDE
2) WHAT IS THE DIAGNOSIS?
3) MENTION ANY 4 CLINICAL FEATURES.
4) WHAT ARE THE OTHER INVESTIGATIONS WHICH CAN
AID IN DIAGNOSIS ?
5) FIRST LINE TREATMENT ?
SLIDES ANSWER KEY
1
1) Normal pap smear showing superficial and intermediate cells
2) Papanicolaou stain . Fixative – 95% ethyl alcohol.
3) Screening tests for ca cervix include: Pap smear, HPV DNA testing, VIA, VILLI
4) ASCUS – Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance.

They should be followed up with colposcopy and if needed endometrial and

endocervical sampling.
5) Latest screening guidelines recommend screening to be started from 25 years of
age upto 65 years. HPV test every 5 years ( preferred) or HPV/ Pap co test every
5 years or Pap test every 3 years.

1) CIN 3 /HSIL ( High grade squamous intraepithelial lesion)

2) Mild (CIN 1) , Moderate ( CIN 2) and Severe (CIN 3) dysplasia

CIN 1 is otherwise named as LSIL whereas CIN 2&3 are called as HSIL.
3) Conservative ablation , Conization, LEEP , LLETZ and NETZ
4) Large loop excision of the transformation zone. It is a loop electrosurgical
excision procedure done under local anesthesia to remove the cervical tissue
above the SCJ including any viable lesions.
5) Koilocytes are seen in young women suffering from HPV infection. They are
cells with perinuclear halo in the cytoplasm. Koilocytes disappear as
dysplasia advances.

3
 1) Microcytic hypochromic anemia/ iron deficiency anemia
2) Nutritional, malabsorption, hookworm infestation, multifetal gestation ,
haemorrhoids, any bleeding disorders
3) Thalassemia, anemia of chronic disease, lead poisoning, sideroblastic
anemia
4) WHO recommends atleast 60mg of elemental iron to be given daily for 6
months starting from early second trimester to prevent such occurance.
5) Preeclampsia, abruption, PPH, preterm labour, infections, cardiac failure,
puerperal sepsis, subinvolution, lactation failure, etc

1) Hypersegmented neutrophil
2) Folic acid deficiency, vit b12 deficiency, pernicious anemia, drugs ,
malabsorption disorders
3) Neural tube defects, abruption, PPH , preterm labour, infections, LBW.
4) Prophylactic dose : 500 microgram/day , Therapeutic dose : 4-5mg/day
5) Previous neural tube defects, patient on antiepileptics, taking antifolate drugs like
methotrexate, obese women , diabetics.

1) Schiller duval bodies

2) Yolksac/ endodermal sinus tumour
3) AFP, alpha 1 antitrypsin, PLAP
4) BEP regimen ( bleomycin, etoposide, cisplatin ) is the best regimen for germ cell
tumours
5) III C
6

1) Keratin pearls ( whorl shaped accumulations of keratin made by malignant

squamous cells)
2) Squamous cell carcinoma of keratinizing type
3) Chronic HPV infection, multiple sexual partners, multipara with poor spacing of
pregnancies, coitus before 18 years, poor socioeconomic status, women with
STD, etc
4) Lymphatic spread, PET CT/ FDG - PET
5) Cervarix – bivalent (HPV 16,18)

Guardasil – quadrivalent ( HPV 6,11,16,18)

Guardasil 9 – nanovalent vaccine ( HPV 6,11,16,18,31,33,45,52,58)

1) Clue cells
2) Bacterial vaginosis
3) Gardnerella vaginalis, Haemophilus vaginalis, Mobilincus, Mycoplasma hominus.
4) Oral metronidazole 500 mg tds for 7 days

Oral clindamycin 300mg OD for 7 days

5) PROM, preterm labour, chorioamnionitis.

1) Gram negative intracellular diplococci - Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Gonococcal vulvovaginitis/ Gonorrhoea

2) Ceftriaxone 250mg im single dose PLUS Azithromycin 1gm orally single dose

Cefixime 400mg Oral single dose PLUS Azithro 1gm orally single dose
 Inj. Cefoxitin 2gm + Probenecid 1gm (oral) followed by oral doxycycline 100mg BD for
14 days

Inj. Ceftriaxone 250mg + Probenecid 1gm (oral) followed by oral doxycycline 100mg
BD for 14 days

Always male partner should also be treated

3) PID, Pyosalphinx formation, tubo-ovarian abscess, pelvic abscess, infertility ,
chronic pelvic pain
4) Herpes simplex virus, Lymphogranuloma venereum( C.Trachomatis), syphilis (
treponema pallidum),chancroid( H.Ducreyi), Donovanosis ( Calymatobacterium
granulomatis)
5) Fitz hugh Curtis syndrome is a chronic manifestation of PID characterised by
perihepatitis, right upper quadrant pain and adhesions between fallopian tube to
the undersurface of the liver. It is mc caused by gonorrhoeal and chlamydial
infection

1) Long term unopposed estrogen, lynch syndrome, older age, obesity, white race,
nulliparity, tamoxifen usage, etc
2) Endometrial or cervical polyp, senile vaginitis, Endometrial hyperplasia,
Endometrial carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, Usage of HRT.
3) Fertility sparing surgery is done only for Stage 1a, Grade 1, well differentiated
endometriod carcinoma
4) LNG – IUCD ( MIRENA) is the first choice for endometrial hyperplasia without
atypia
5) Prognosis depends on the grade of the tumour, lymphovascular space invasion,
histological type and staging.

10
1) Acid fast stain /Ziehl neelsen’s stain and Mycobacterium tuberculosis
2) Genital tuberculosis/ pelvic TB
3) Menstrual irregularity, infertility, abdominal pain, vaginal discharge, chronic pelvic
pain, etc
4) Hysterosalphingography, Endometrial HPE/ culture , PCR testing, Gene Xpert,
diagnostic laparoscopy
5) Antitubercular drugs – HRZE for 2 months & HR for 4 months
 FAMILY PLANNING:

MIRENA

COPPER T

ANTARA

MALE CONDOM

FEMALE CONDOM

EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION

CHAYYA

OCP

VASECTOMY

MODIFIED POMEROYS TECHNIQUE

LAPAROSCOPIC STERILISATION

1)IDENTIFY THE ABOVE. WHAT IS THE COMPOSITION?

2) WHAT IS THE TOTAL DOSAGE AND DOSE RELEASED
PER DAY?
3) WHAT ARE THE USES?
4) WHAT IS THE DURATION OF USAGE?
5) WHAT ARE ADVERSE EFFECTS?
1)IDENTIFY THE ABOVE
2)WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION?
3)WHAT IS THE METHOD OF INSERTION?
4)WHAT ARE THE ADVERSE EFFECTS?
5)WHAT IS THE DURATION OF USAGE?

1) WHAT IS THE COMPOSITION AND THE DOSE?

 2) WHAT IS THE FREQUENCY OF
ADMINISTRATION?
3) LIST 2 ADVANTAGES.
4) MECHANISM OF ACTION?
5) LIST 2 DISADVANTAGES.

1) IDENTIFY?
2) WHAT TYPE OF MATERIAL IS IT MADE UP OF?

3) NAME 2 ADVANTAGES ?

4) NAME 2 DISADVANTAGES ?

5) WHAT IS THE FAILURE RATE?

1)IDENTIFY?
2)WHAT IS IT MADE UP OF?
3)WHAT ARE THE USES?
4)NAME 2 OTHER FEMALE BARRIER METHODS?
5)WHAT ARE THE DISADVANTAGES?

1. WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION?

2. WHEN WILL YOU PRESCRIBE THIS PILL AND DOSE IN CASE OF
EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION?
3. MENTION 2 ADVANTAGES?
4. MENTION TWO OTHER EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTIVES?
5.NAME 2 CONTRAINDICATIONS.

1) WHAT IS CENTCHROMAN?

2) WHAT IS MECHANISM OF ACTION?

3) WHAT IS THE DOSE WHEN USED AS A

CONTRACEPTIVE?

4) WHAT ARE THE ADVERSE EFFECTS?

5) WHAT ARE THE CONTRA INDICATIONS?

1) WHAT IS THE COMPOSITION?
2) WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION?
3) WHAT ARE THE ADVERSE EFFECTS?
4) WHAT ARE THE CONTRAINDICATIONS?

5) MENTION 2 NON - CONTRACEPTIVE USES.

1) WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE PROCEDURE?

2) MENTION 2 ADVANTAGES OF THIS PROCEDURE.

3) DISADVANTAGE?

4) NAME 2 COMPLICATIONS OF THE PROCEDURE.

5) OTHER NEWER TECHNIQUES?

1) WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE PROCEDURE?
2) WHAT ARE OTHER METHODS OF TUBAL
STERILIZATION?
3) ANY 2 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR TUBAL
STERILIZATION?
4) WHEN CAN IT BE DONE?
5) WHAT IS THE FAILURE RATE?
1) IDENTIFY THIS PROCEDURE?

2) THE RING IS MADE UP OF?

3) ADVANTAGES?

4) DISADVANTAGES?

5) OTHER METHODS OF STERILIZATION?

FAMILY PLANNING –ANSWERS
MIRENA
1) Mirena, Levonorgestrel
2) 52 mg, 20 mcg/day is released.
3) Contraception,AUB, Adenomyosis
4) 5 years
5) Unscheduled uterine bleeding, amenorrhea,
abdomen and pelvic pain
Cu T 380 A
1) COPPER T 380A
2) Foreign body reaction in the
endometrium,Phagocytosis of sperm, decreases
sperm motility.
3) No touch techique/ withdrawal method
4) Infection, heavy menstrual bleeding, pain
5) 10 years

ANTARA
1) Medroxyprogesterone acetate, 150mg
2) 3 months once
3) More compliant, less failure rate, can

be used in patients with seizures, decreases sickling in

sickle cell anemia, ideal for postpartum usage,least
 androgenic.
4) Endometrial atrophy,thickens cervical
mucus,Anovulation
5) Delayed return of fertility (12-24 months), decreases
bone mineral density,menstrual irregularities.

MALE CONDOM
1)Male condom
2) Polyurethane, latex
3) Protection against sexually transmitted diseases, no major
side effects, used only during the time of intercourse
4) Tear, slippage, increased failure rate, latex allergy
5) 10-14 per 1000 woman years

FEMALE CONDOM
1) Female condom
2) Polyurethane
3) Contraception, STI
4) Cervical cap,Dutch cap/diaphragm,TODAY(cervical
sponge)
5) Tear, expensive, increased failure rate
LEVONORGESTREL
1) Prevents ovulation,causes desynchronization of
endometrium through receptors(luteal phase
deficiency)
2) 0.75mg LNG-1tablet within 72hrs of unprotected
intercourse and 2nd tablet 12 hrs later.
3) No estrogenic side effects,can be offered to
lactating women,minimal side effects
4) Ulipristal 30mg, Mifepristone 25-50mg,
centchroman 60 mg initially and 2nd dose after 24
hours.
5) Liver disease,h/o thrombophlebitis,h/o migraine

SAHELI
1) Ormeloxifene. A Non steroidal SERM
2) Prevents implantation by endometrial changes
3) 30mg od started on first day of menses-twice
weekly for 12wks followed by once weekly
thereafter.
4) Nausea, vomiting, headache, weight gain
5) Hepatic failure, Pregnancy, lactation, PCOS

MALA D
1)Levonorgestrol 0.15mg+ Ethinyl estradiol 0.03mg
2)Inhibition of ovulation, alters cervical
mucus, endometrial alteration.
3) PMS, headache, migraine, breastpain
breast tenderness, mood disturbances
4)Uncontrolled hypertension, migraine with aura,Diabetes
with vascular complications,h/o thromboembolism
5)Regularize cycles in PCOS, puberty menorrhagia,protection
against ovarian and endometrial malignancy,reduces incidence
of fibrocystic disease

VASECTOMY
1)Vasectomy
2)Simpler procedure, cost effective,does not require
hospitalization, surgical reversal possible
3)Not effective immediately, it requires about 3 months or 20
ejaculations before it becomes effective.
4)Pain, swelling, hematoma, sperm granuloma
5) Non scalpel vasectomy, Reversible inhibition of sperm under
guidance (RISUG)

MODIFIED POMEROY’S TECHNIQUE

1) Modified Pomeroy’s procedure
2) Parkland procedure, Irving method, Uchida method,
Madlener’s technique, Kroener’s Fimbrectomy
3) A) Patient should be married

B)Age must be between 22-49 years

C)The couples should have atleast one child of age

>1 year unless sterilization is medically indicated.

D)Their spouse/partner must not have undergone

sterilization in the past.

E)Client must be in sound state of mind to understand

full implication of sterilization

F)Mentally ill client must be certified by a psychiatrist

and a statement should be given by a legal
guardian/spouse.

4) Interval sterilization( 6 weeks after delivery),

Postpartum ligation (within 72 hours),sterilization
during cesarean section, during MTP, sterilization
along with other procedures such as
ovariotomy,ectopic pregnancy

5) 0.4%
 FALOPE RING
1) Laproscopic tubal ligation with falope ring
2) Silicone rubber with 5% barium sulphate
3) less complications, short duration of surgery, day
care procedure, easily reversible
4) Slippage of ring, wrong application.
5) Laparoscopic clips, electrocoagulation of tubes,
Modified Pomrey’s technique, Parkland
procedure, Irving method, Uchida method,
Madlener’s technique, Kroener’s Fimbrectomy

CHARTS QUESTIONS:
RH NEGATIVE
NASG
LSCS
FRCEPS
MGSO4
ECTOPIC PREGNANCY
VACUUM DELIVERY
BREECH
MULTIPLE PREGNANCY
IRON SUCROSE
BIMANUAL COMPRESSION
SUCCENTURIATE PLACENTA
LATE DECELERATION
SINUSOIDAL PATTERN
LIQUID BASED CYTOLOGY
RING PESSARY
COLPOSCOPY
GARDASIL
RH negative:

1)name 4 conditions in which fetomaternal hemorrhage

occurs
2)RAADP
3)dose of anti d and when it should be administered
4)name the doppler parameter used in diagnosing fetal
anemia and its cut off
5)2 fetal complications of rh incompatibility
NASG:

1) IDENTIFY AND WHERE IS IT USED?

2) PRINCIPLE BEHIND USING THIS?
3) 2 MECHANICAL METHODS OF MANAGING ATONIC PPH
4) NORMAL BLOOD LOSS IN VAGINAL DELIVERY AND CESAREAN SECTION
5) 2 COMPLICATIONS OF PPH

OUTLET FORCEPS:

1) WHAT IS THE MOST COMMONLY USED OUTLET FORCEPS?

2) PRE-REQUISITES FOR APPLICATION OF FORCEPS
3) 2 INDICATIONS TO CUT SHORT 2ND STAGE OF LABOUR
4) 2 MATERNAL COMPLICATIONS OF FORCEPS DELIVERY
5) 2 FETAL COMPLICATIONS OF FORCEPS DELIVERY
LSCS:

1) IDENTIFY
2) NAME THE UTERINE INCISION USED IN THE ABOVE
PROCEDURE
3) 4 COMPLICATIONS OF THIS PROCEDURE
4) EXPAND VBAC AND TOLAC
5) 2 ADVANTAGES OF THIS TYPE OF INCISION OVER OTHERS

MGSO4:

1) 2 INDICATIONS FOR USING THIS DRUG

2) PRITCHARD’S REGIMEN
3) NAME THE PARAMETERS THAT ARE TO BE MONITORED
DURING TREATMENT WITH THIS DRUG
4) 2 SIGNS OF TOXICITY
5) ANTIDOTE USED
ECTOPIC PREGNANCY:

1) IDENTIFY
2) 4 SITES OF OCCURRENCE
3) TRIAD OF SYMPTOMS WITH WHICH THE PATIENT PRESENTS
4) CRITERIA FOR MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
5) 2 RISK FACTORS FOR THIS CONDITION

BREECH PRESENTATION:
1) IDENTIFY THE PRESENTATION

2) SUB TYPES OF THIS PRESENTATION

3) 2 ABSOLUTE INDICATIONS FOR CESAREAN SECTION IN THIS
TYPE OF PRESENTATION
4) METHODS TO DELIVER AFTER COMING HEAD?
5) 2 FETAL COMPLICATIONS

VACUUM/VENTOUSE:

1)IDENTIFY
2) PRE REQUISITES FOR ITS APPLICATION
3) 2 INDICATIONS TO CUT SHORT 2ND STAGE OF LABOUR
4) WHAT IS THE MAXIMUM PRESSURE USED
5) 2 COMPLICATIONS
TWIN PREGNANCY:

1) 2 PREDISPOSING FACTORS FOR DIZYGOTIC TWINS

2) 2 USG FEATURES OF MONOCHORIONIC TWINS
3) 2 MATERNAL COMPLICATIONS OF MULTIPLE PREGNANCY
4) 2 COMPLICATIONS SPECIFIC TO MONOCHORIONIC TWINS
5) 2 TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR TTTS

IRON SUCROSE:

1) HOW WILL YOU CALCULATE REQUIRED DOSAGE?

2) HOW WILL YOU ADMINISTER EACH DOSE?
3) 2 CAUSES FOR ANEMIA IN PREGNANCY
4) 2 COMPLICATIONS OF ANEMIA IN PREGNANCY
5) 2 INHIBITORS OF IRON ABSORPTION
BIMANUAL COMPRESSION OF UTERUS:

1) NAME THE TECHNIQUE AND WHERE IS IT USED

2) NAME 2 OTHER MECHANICAL METHODS USED TO TREAT

SAME CONDITION
3) 2 RISK FACTORS FOR THE CONDITION
4) 2 COMPLICATIONS
5) AMTSL

SUCCENTURIATE PLACENTA:
1) IDENTIFY
2) 2 COMPLICATIONS OF THE ABOVE TYPE
3) NAME THE METHODS OF PLACENTAL SEPARATION
4) 2 SIGNS OF PLACENTAL SEPARATION
5) NORMAL MAXIMUM DURATION OF THIRD STAGE OF LABOUR

LATE DECELERATION:

1) IDENTIFY
2) WHEN DOES IT OCCUR?
3) 4 PARAMETERS TO INTERPRET IN A CTG
4) DESCRIBE A REACTIVE CTG
5) 2 CAUSES OF FETAL TACHYCARDIA
SINUSOIDAL PATTERN:

1) IDENTIFY
2) 2 CONDITIONS IN WHICH IT OCCURS
3) 4 PARAMETERS TO INTERPRET FHR IN A CTG
4) WHAT IS NORMAL BEAT TO BEAT VARIABILITY?
5) 4 CONDITIONS IN WHICH ELECTRONIC FETAL HEART MONITORING IS
ABSOLUTELY NECESSARY

LBC:
 1) IDENTIFY
2) WHAT IS THE PRESERVATIVE USED?
3) WHAT ARE THE PRE REQUISITES?
4) WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OVER CONVENTIONAL METHOD?
5) WHAT IS THE SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY?

RING PESSARY:

1) IDENTIFY THE ABOVE AND USED IN ?

2) WHAT IT IS MADE OF?
3) WHAT ARE THE LIMITATIONS?
4) WHAT ARE THE INDICATIONS?
5) WHAT IS DECUBITUS ULCER?
COLPOSCOPY:

1) IDENTIFY

2) WHAT IS IT USED FOR?

3) WHAT ARE THE INDICATIONS?

4) MENTION THE ABNORMAL FINDINGS IN COLPOSCOPY.

5) WHAT FILTER IS USED & ITS USE

GARDASIL:

1) NAME THE SEROTYPES AGAINST WHICH IT ACTS

2) 2RISK FACTORS FOR CARCINOMA CERVIX
3) NAME 4 SCREENING METHODS FOR CARCINOMA CERVIX
4) 2 CLINICAL FEATURES OF CARCINOMA CERVIX
5) 2 PREVENTIVE STRATEGIES FOR CARCINOMA CERVIX

CHARTS ANSWERS:

RH NEGATIVE PREGNANCY

1)Abortions, Dilatation and curettege, Amniocentesis,Chorionic

villus sampling,ECV,MROP
2) Routine Antenatal AntiD prophylaxis -given at 28wks if ICT is
negative

3)300mcg , within 72 hours of birth of Rh positive baby

4)MCA PSV,1.5 MoM

5) Hyperbilirubinemia,kernicterus,hydrops fetalis,fetal
anemia,fetal demise

NASG

1)NASG , PPH

2)It reverses blood flow from periphery to vital organs and

simultaneously reduces blood flow to uterus there by reducing
blood loss and preserving perfusion of vital organs at the time
of hypovolemia

3) Intrauterine balloon tamponade,bimanual compression of

uterus

4)500ml,1000ml

5)Hypovolemic shock,maternal death,DIC

OUTLET FORCEPS

1)Wrigley’s forceps

2)empty bladder,fully dilated cervix,head at +2 station

3)Severe anemia,heart disease complicating pregnancy

4)Perineal tear, cervical tear, traumatic PPH

5)Soft tissue injury, intracranial hemorrhage,cephalhematoma

LSCS

1) LSCS / Caesarean section

2)kerr incision

3)Bladder injury,bowel injury,Tear in lower segment,PPH,

Placenta accreta spectrum in subsequent pregnancies.

4)vaginal birth after cesarean section,Trial of labour after

cesarean section

5) better apposition,less bleeding, comparatively low scar

rupture rate in consecutive pregnancies
Mgso4

1) Prevention and management of eclampsia,neuroprotection

in preterm babies

2) loading -iv:4g of 20% solution over 20min,im: 5g in each

buttocks followed by 5g in alternate buttocks 4th hrly untill last
episode of seizure or delivery which ever is later

3)RR,Urine output,Knee jerk,SPO2,BP

4)Loss of deep tendon reflexes, Respiratory failure

5) calcium gluconate

ECTOPIC PREGNANCY

1) Ectopic pregnancy

2) fallopian tube, ovary,cervix, cesarean scar

3) Amenorrhea, Abdominal pain, bleeding/spotting pv

4) Hemodynamically stable, unruptured ,HCG < 5000,mass

<3.5cm size, absence of cardiac activity

5)PID,tubal surgeries, previous history of ectopic pregnancy

BREECH

1) Breech presentation

2)Flexed,extended,footling

3) Footling presentation, fetus with hyperextended

head

4)Burns Marshall technique,Mariceau smillie viet,using Pipers

forceps

5)Brachial plexus injury,tentorial tears, fracture of humerus and

femur

VENTOUSE

1)Vacuum /Ventouse

2)empty bladder,fully dilated cervix,head at +2 station

3)severe anemia,heart disease complicating pregnancy

4)0.6-0.8kg/cm2 or 500-600mmhg

5)subgaleal hemorrhage, cephalhematoma

TWIN PREGNANCY

1) Increased maternal age, ovulation induction using

gonadotropins

2)T sign,thin intertwin membrane

3)Anemia,GDM,Pre eclampsia,PPH

4)TTTS, TRAP,conjoint twins,

5)Laser ablation of communicating vessels,serial

amnioreduction,septostomy

IRON SUCROSE

1)Based on Ganzoni formula

Dose required =Body weight*2.4*hb deficit+iron for

replenishing the stores (500mg)

2) 200mg in 100 ml NS over 20 min on alternate days

3)low dietary iron,Hookworm infestation,reduced

interpregnancy interval

4) preterm labour,low birth weight, puerperal sepsis

5)phytates,phosphates,tannins,calcium
BIMANUAL COMPRESSION OF UTERUS

1) Bimanual compression of uterus for PPH

2) Intrauterine balloon tamponade, aortic compression, uterine

packing

3) Multiparity, multiple pregnancy, Anemia, fibroid

complicating pregnancy

4) Hypovolemia,DIC, maternal death

5) Oxytocin 10 units iv/im

Assessment of uterine tone

Controlled cord traction and removal of placenta

SUCCENTURIATE PLACENTA

1) SUCCENTURIATE PLACENTA

2)Retained placental bits leading to PPH

Puerperal sepsis

3)central separation (Schultz) marginal separation (Duncan's)

4)Extravulval lengthening of Umbilical cord,suprapubic
bulge,fresh gush of blood

5)30min

CTG

1)late decelerations

2) Utetoplacental insufficiency

3) Baseline FHR,Beat to beat variability, acceleration,

decelerations

4)2 or more accelerations -15 beats above baseline lasting for

15 sec in 20min

5)maternal fever,chorioamnionitis

CTG

1) Sinusoidal Pattern

2)fetal anemia,fetal hypoxia/acidosis

3)) Baseline FHR,Beat to beat variability, acceleration,
decelerations

4)5-25bpm

5)Post dated pregnancy,GDM,GHTN,induced/augmented

labour

Lbc

1)Liquid based cytology

2)Ethanol

3)Avoid coitus,douching, spermicide 2 days before test

4)Better detection rate with increased sensitivity and

specificity, increased specimen accuracy, HPV test can be done
with same sample

5)Sensitivity -82% specificity -62%

Ring pessary

1) Ring pessary, Used in uterovaginal prolapse

2) Silicon

3) only palliative, causes vaginitis, needs to be changed every 3

months

4) During early pregnancy / those who are planning pregnancy,

unfit for surgery, puerperium, temporary usage

5) ulceration of the prolapsed tissues due to venous congestion.

Colposcopy

1)Colposcopy

2)Lighted magnifying instrument to examine cervix, vagina,

vulva

3)Abnormal Pap smear, high risk HPV positive, positive VIA,VILI

4) Mosaic pattern, punctuations, atypical vessels, acetowhite

areas, keratosis.

5) Green filter,to study vascular pattern.

GARDASIL
1)HPV 6,11,16,18

2) multiple sexual partners, early sexual activity,presence of

other STDs, persistent HPV infection

3)VIA,VILI,PAP smear,liquid based cytology

4) Postmenopausal bleeding,foul smelling discharge pv

5) promoting practice of safe sex,use of barrier contraception,

screening and treatment of premalignant lesions, vaccination

SPOTTERS:

MOLAR PREGNANCY
BAKRI BALLOON
ANENCEPHALY
BARTHOLINS CYST
CERVICAL POLYP
PIPELLE BIOPSY
B LYNCH SUTURES
KLINEFELTERS SYNDROME
UV PROLAPSE
LOW LYING PLACENTA/PLACENTA PREVIA
TURNERS SYNDROME
TTTS
CEPHALHEMATOMA
DERMOID CYST
CORD PROLAPSE
OVARIAN CYST
HAIRAN CYST
PCOS
PUDENDAL NERVE BLOCK
HSG

MOLAR PREGNANCY:

1) IDENTIFY
2) MENTION POSSIBLE KARYOTYPES ASSOCIATED
3) DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATIONS USED?
4) MENTION 2 COMPLICATIONS
5) MENTION USG FEATURE DIAGNOSTIC OF THIS CLINICAL
CONDITION
BAKRI BALLOON:
1) IDENTIFY

2) WHERE IS IT USED?

3) NAME 2 CONTRAINDICATIONS

4) MECHANISM OF ACTION

5) HOW MUCH IS THE FILLING CAPACITY OF BALLOON

ANENCEPHALY:
1) IDENTIFY
2) MENTION THE CAUSE
3) PREVENTION AND TREATMENT
4) MENTION TWO OTHER ANAMOLIES THAT CAN BE IDENTIFIED
IN NT SCAN
5) CUT OFF FOR NUCHAL TRANSLUCENCY

BARTHOLINS CYST:

1) IDENTIFY

2) MENTION 2 CLINICAL FEATURES

3) ANY 2 DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS.

 4) MENTION TWO COMPLICATION

5) TREATMENT

CERVICAL POLYP:

1) IDENTIFY
2) MENTION 2 CLINICAL FEATURES
3) DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
4) MENTION 2 COMPLICATIONS
5) TREATMENT

ENDOMETRIAL SAMPLING/PIPELLES BIOPSY:

 1) IDENTIFY

2) INDICATION FOR USAGE

3) MENTION TWO COMPLICATIONS OF PROCEDURE

4) MENTION 2 ADVANTAGES

5) WHAT IS PERIMENOPAUSAL AND POSTMENOPAUSAL CUT

OFF OF ENDOMETRIAL THICKNESS FOR TAKING BIOPSY

B LYNCH SUTURES:

1) IDENTIFY

2) MENTION 2 OTHER HAEMOSTATIC SUTURES

3) MENTION 2 CAUSES OF PPH

4) MENTION TWO DRUGS USED IN PPH MANAGEMENT WITH

DOSE AND ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION

5) WHAT IS AMTSL
KLINEFELTERS SYNDROME:

1) IDENTIFY

2) KARYOTYPE

3) NAME 4 CLINICAL FEATURES

4) MENTION 2 LONG TERM COMPLICATION ASSOCIATED WITH

THIS CONDITION

5) WHAT ARE OTHER GENETIC CONDITIONS WHICH CAN LEAD

TO INFERTILITY

UV PROLAPSE:
 1) IDENTIFY

2) MENTION SUPPORTS OF UTERUS

3) MENTION 2 RISK FACTORS

4) MENTION 2 SURGERIES USED FOR MANAGEMENT

5) MENTION 2 CONSERVATIVE MANAGEMENT OPTIONS

LOW LYING PLACENTA:

 1) IDENTIFY

2) DEFINE APH

3) MENTION 2 RISK FACTORS

4) DESCRIBE STALLWORTHY SIGN

5) MENTION FOUR CAUSES FOR APH

TURNERS SYNDROME:
1) IDENTIFY THE SYNDROME
2) 2 MOST COMMON GYNAECOLOGICAL COMPLIANTS WITH WHICH THE
PATIENT PRESENTS
3)NAME THE DEFINITIVE DIAGNOSTIC TEST
4)NAME 2 SYSTEMIC COMPLICATIONS
5)NAME THE HORMONES USED IN THE TREATMENT

TTTS:
 1) IDENTIFY

2) OCCURS IN WHICH TYPE OF TWINS

3 ) WHAT IS THE MAIN PATHOLOGY?
4) FEATURES OF DONOR TWIN
5) HOW DO YOU MANAGE?

CEPHALHEMATOMA:

1) IDENTIFY
2) NAME 2 OCCATIONS IN WHICH IT OCCURS
3) HOW DOES IT OCCUR?
4) NAME ONE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
5) DIFFERENTIATING FEATURES FROM THE DD
DERMOID CYST:

1) IDENTIFY
2) NAME THE COMPONENTS
3) CLINICAL FEATURES
4) 2 COMPLICATIONS
5) TREATMENT

CORD PROLAPSE:
1) IDENTIFY

2) WHAT ARE THE TYPES?

3) NAME 2 ETIOLOGIES
4) WHAT IS THE IMMEDIATE MANAGEMENT?
5) 2 COMPLICATIONS

HAIRAN SYNDROME:
1) IDENTIFY
2) NAME THE COMPONENTS
3) CLINICAL FEATURES
4) NAME 2 ANTI ANDROGENS THAT CAN BE USED IN THE MANAGEMENT
5) 2 DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

OVARIAN CSYT/MASS:

1) IDENTIFY
2) NAME 2 FUNCTIONAL CYSTS
3) NAME 3 BENIGN EPITHELIAL TUMORS
4) WHAT IS RMI AND ITS COMPONENTS?
5) USG FEATURES OF THE MALIGNANCY?
PCOS:

1) IDENTIFY
2) CLINICAL FEATURES
3) CRITERIA FOR DIAGNOSIS
4) MENTION THE TREATMENT OPTIONS
5) NAME THE DRUG PREFERRED FOR OVULATION INDUCTION IN THIS CONDITION
AND ITS DOSE

PUDENDAL NERVE BLOCK:

1) IDENTIFY
2) NAME THE NERVE ROOTS INVOLVED AND ITS INNERVATION
3) NAME THE BONY LANDMARK USED IN THIS PROCEDURE
4) 2 INDICATIONS
5) 2 COMPLICATIONS

HSG:

1) NAME THE PROCEDURE AND ITS USE

2) WHEN IS THE IDEAL TIME FOR PERFORMING THE TEST?
3) NAME 2 CONTRAINDICATIONS
4) NAME 2 COMPLICATIONS
5) NAME 2 OTHER PROCEDURES DONE FOR SIMILAR INDICATION

SPOTTERS ANSWERS:
 1) Molar pregnancy
2) 46XX( complete mole) ,69 XXX or 69XXY ( Partial
mole)
3) USG , serum B – HCG
4) Pre eclampsia, hyperemesis ,choriocarcinoma
,invasive mole
5) Snowstorm appearance

1) Bakri Balloon
2) Atonic PPH not responding to uterotonics
3) Traumatic PPH , distorsion of uterine cavity ( fibroid
,polyp ) , Retained products , Allergy to balloon
material
4) Baloon tamponade ( Temporary and steady
mechanical compression of the placental site bleeding
vessels accomplished)
5) 500 ml
1) Anencephaly ( frog eye appearance)
2) Folic acid deficiency
3) Prevention- 5mg per day of folic acid from 3 month
before conception.

Treatment – termination of pregnancy

4) Encephalocoele ,ompalocoele, gastrochisis, acrania,
open NTDs ,holoprosencephaly
5) 3.5 mm

1) Bartholin cyst
2) Pain ,fever , swelling , dyspareunia, vaginal discharge
3) Gartners cyst, sebaceous cyst, folliculitis,ischiorectal
abscess
4) Abcess , Recurrence
5) Cyst Enucleation with marsupilization

1) Cervical polyp
2) Intermenstural spotting ,postcoital bleeding
3) Vaginal cyst ,prolapsed submucosal polyp / fibroid,

Cervical carcinoma
4) Infection ,haemorrhage ,necrosis
5) Polypectomy

1) Pipelle’s Currette
2) AUB , postmenopausal bleeding
3) Perforation ,bleeding ,infection
4) Opd procedure, cost effective , complication rate is low
5) Perimenopausal > 12 mm

Postmenopausal > 4mm

1) B lynch suture
2) Heyman’s suture , Cho square suture
3) Atonicity ,trauma ,retained tissue , impaired coagulation
profile
4) Tab misoprost 800 mcg per rectally

Inj carboprost 250 mcg im upto 8 doses can be given.

Inj methergin 0.2 mg im upto 4 doses

Inj oxytocin 10 – 20 unit im / iv…upto 40 units given

5) Active management of third stage of labor :

uterotonics ( inj oxytocin 10 Units IM )+ Controlled cord

traction after delivery of baby + uterine massage

1) Klinefelter’s syndrome
2) 47 XXY
3) Weak muscle ,hypermobile joint, taller than normal
expected for family ,reduced facial and body hair ,
gynecomastia ,infertility ,low libido ,small testis
4) Type 2 DM ,hypothyroidism, Cardiovascular
disease,osteoporosis, anxiety, depression, male
breast cancer
5) Androgen Insensitivity syndrome

Cystic fibrosis
1) UV prolapse
2) First level - uterosacral ligament and cardinal
ligament.

Second level - pubocervical and rectovaginal fascia

Third level - superficial transverse perineae and urethra.

3) Multiparity,deliveries conducted by untrained
persons,prolonged labour,constipation,chronic cough
4) Manchester , Fothergill's ,Shirodkar’s ,Sling surgeries
( Khanna ,Shirodkar’s )
5) Keigel’s exercise , Ring pessary

1) Low lying placenta

2) Bleeding from or in genital tract occuring after the
period of viability and before the delivery of the baby
3) Previous placenta previa ,previous caesarean section
multiparity , multiple pregnancy ,advanced maternal
age , smoking ,assisted conception
 4) Seen in Posterior placenta praevia→ Slowing of fetal
heart rate on pressing the head down into the pelvis
and prompt recovery on release of pressure.
5) Placenta previa ,abruptio placenta ,vasa previa ,Local
causes – bleeding from cervix ,vagina and vulva.

TURNERS SYNDROME:

1)Turner's syndrome

2) Primary Amenorrhea,underdeveloped secondary

sexual characteristics.

3) Karyotyping

4) Cardiac -coarctation of aorta,bicuspid aortic

valve,aortic root Dilatation.Renal anomalies,
skeletal deformities

5)Growth hormone starting from 2-8yrs of age

Conjugated estrogen from 12 years age followed by
Progesterone

TTTS:

1)TTTS

2)Monochorionic twins

3)Artery of one of the twin communicates with vein

of the other fetus resulting in pressure gradient

4)Oligohydramnios,FGR,contractures, Pulmonary
hypoplasia

5)Fetoscopic Laser ablation of communicating

vessels,serial Amniocentesis, septostomy
CEPHALHEMATOMA

1) Cephalhematoma

2)Vacuum delivery, forceps delivery, Prolonged

labour

3) Rupture of a sub periosteal capillary results in

accumulation of blood underneath periosteum

4)Caput succedaneum

5)Caput-Above the periosteum,crosses the suture

line,absorbs within 3-4days

Cephalhematoma -subperiosteal,does not cross

suture line,may take upto few weeks to get
absorbed
DERMOID CYST

1) Dermoid cyst

2)Ectodermal-skin,hair,teeth, sebaceous material,

nervous tissue

Endodermal-thyroid,bronchus, intestine

Mesoderm-Bone,smooth muscle, cartilage

3)Abdominal pain, abdominal discomfort

4)Torsion,Rupture

5)Lap or open ovarian cystectomy

CORD PROLAPSE

1)Cord prolapse

2)Occult-cord alongside the presenting part

Overt-cord below the presenting part

3)Malpresentations, polyhydramnios,PROM,ARM

4) Emergency LSCS if baby is alive

5)Fetal hypoxia, Intrauterine fetal demise

HAIR AN SYNDROME

1)HAIR AN SYNDROME

2)Hyperandrogenism Insulin Resistance Acanthosis

Nigricans

3)Hirsutism,acne, obesity,androgenic alopecia,

menstrual irregularities

4)Flutamide,Finasteride

5)CAH,Adrenal tumors,androgen secreting ovarian

tumors
OVARIAN MASS/CYST

1) Ovarian cyst

2) Follicular cyst,theca lutein cyst,corpus luteal cyst

3)Serous, Mucinous,Brenner tumour

4)Risk of malignancy index.Ultrasound features,

Menopausal status,CA 125 value

5) Bilaterality,multilocular,presence of solid
areas,thick septations, Ascites, increased
vascularity.

PCOS/PCOD

1) Polycystic ovaries

2) Menstrual irregularities, Hirsutism,acne,weight

gain

3) Rotterdam’s criteria(Any 2 of 3)
 Anovulatory cycles

USG showing PCO pattern

Clinical or biochemical evidence of

Hyperandrogenism

4)Weight reduction and lifestyle modification

Metformin , myoinositol.

5)T.Letrozole 5mg od D2-D6

PUDENDAL NERVE BLOCK

1)Pudendal nerve block

2)S2,S3,S4-lower part of vagina,vulva and perineum

3)Ischial spine

4) Repair of Episiotomy and Perineal tears / cervical

tear.
 Vacuum/forceps delivery

5) Bleeding,hematoma formation, infection,Pain

HSG

1)HSG for tubal patency

2) Within 10days of menstruation.

3) Pregnancy,PID, bleeding per vaginum

4)Pain,lower Abdominal discomfort, Allergy to the

dye used

5)Saline infusion sonography, laparoscopic

chromopertubation