CS3251- CONTENT BEYOND SYLLABUS
Difference between C and C++
S.No Feature C Language C++ Language
1 Programming Procedural Multi-paradigm:
Paradigm programming supports procedural
focused on functions and object-oriented
and step-by-step programming for
instructions. modular design.
2 Object-Oriented Not supported. Fully supports OOP
Programming (OOP) Works only with concepts such as
functions and classes, objects,
structures. inheritance,
encapsulation, and
polymorphism.
3 Data Encapsulation Not supported; data Supported via
and functions are classes, allowing
separate. bundling of data and
functions.
4 Function Not allowed. Supported; enables
Overloading multiple functions
with the same name
but different
parameters.
5 Operator Not available. Available; allows
Overloading redefining operators
for user-defined
types.
6 Namespace Feature Not supported; Supported using
name conflicts may 'namespace' to
occur. group identifiers
and avoid conflicts.
7 Standard Uses printf() and Uses cin and cout
Input/Output scanf() from stdio.h. from iostream for
object-oriented I/O.
8 Memory Uses malloc(), Uses new and delete
Management calloc(), and free(). operators for
dynamic memory
allocation.
9 Inheritance Not supported; code Supported; enables
reuse must be reuse via class
manual. inheritance.
10 Polymorphism Not available. Supported via
function
overloading and
virtual functions.
11 Virtual Functions Not supported. Supported; allows
runtime
polymorphism.
12 Exception Handling Handled via error Structured handling
codes and using try, catch, and
conditionals. throw.
13 Constructors and Not available. Supported for
Destructors automatic object
initialization and
cleanup.
14 Templates Not available. Supported for
generic
programming
without code
duplication.
15 Standard Template No built-in support. Includes STL with
Library (STL) containers,
algorithms, and
iterators.
16 Structure Structures hold only Structures can
Enhancement variables. include functions
and access
specifiers.
17 Access Modifiers Not supported. Supports public,
private, and
protected access
levels.
18 Modularity and Achieved using Improved through
Reusability functions and files. classes and
inheritance.
19 Code Complexity Simpler for small Better for complex
tasks; harder for systems with
large projects. structured design.
20 Abstraction Support Manual abstraction Built-in abstraction
required. through abstract
classes and
interfaces.
21 Type Checking and Weaker type Stronger type safety
Safety checking. through stricter
rules.
22 Multithreading Requires OS or Built-in support
Support libraries. using the <thread>
library from C++11.
23 Macros vs. Uses macros, which Uses const,
Constants are error-prone. constexpr, and
inline functions for
safety.
24 Language Level Mid-level language. High-level with low-
level support; more
flexible.
25 Compatibility Independent of C++. Backward
compatible with
most C code.
