Nouns

Definition of a Noun

A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea. Nouns are one of
the most important parts of speech because they help us identify and refer to
objects, concepts, and living beings in our daily communication.

Examples:

●​ Person → teacher, doctor, Emma, father

●​ Place → school, park, Bangladesh, library
●​ Thing → book, table, computer, bicycle
●​ Idea → love, honesty, freedom, intelligence

Types of Nouns

Nouns can be classified into several categories based on their function and
meaning.

1. Proper and Common Nouns

Proper Nouns

●​ Names specific people, places, or organizations.

●​ Always starts with a capital letter.
●​ Examples:
○​ Person: William Shakespeare, Marie Curie
○​ Place: Dhaka, New York, The Eiffel Tower
○​ Organization: Google, United Nations
Common Nouns

●​ Names general people, places, or things.

●​ Examples:
○​ Person: teacher, writer, artist
○​ Place: city, country, river
○​ Thing: car, phone, pen

2. Countable and Uncountable Nouns

Countable Nouns

●​ Nouns that can be counted (singular & plural forms).

●​ Use a/an in singular form and some/many/few in plural form.
●​ Examples:
○​ One apple, two books, five cars

Uncountable Nouns

●​ Nouns that cannot be counted individually.

●​ Usually refers to liquids, gases, abstract ideas, or materials.
●​ Use some/much/little instead of a number.
●​ Examples:
○​ Water, rice, sugar, happiness, knowledge

3. Concrete and Abstract Nouns

Concrete Nouns

●​ Things that can be seen, touched, or felt physically.

●​ Examples:
○​ Tree, dog, house, book
Abstract Nouns

●​ Things that cannot be touched (feelings, ideas, qualities).

●​ Examples:
○​ Love, honesty, courage, wisdom

4. Collective Nouns

●​ A word used for a group of people, animals, or things.

●​ Examples:
○​ A team of players
○​ A flock of birds
○​ A bunch of flowers

Formation of Nouns

1. Singular and Plural Nouns

Most nouns form their plurals by adding -s or -es, but there are exceptions.

Regular Plural Formation:

Singular Plural

book books

apple apples

chair chairs

Plural Nouns with -es:

●​ If the word ends in -s, -sh, -ch, -x, or -z, add -es.
●​ Examples:
○​ Bus → Buses
 ○​ Box → Boxes
○​ Church → Churches

Irregular Plurals:

●​ Some nouns do not follow regular rules.

●​ Examples:
○​ Child → Children
○​ Man → Men
○​ Mouse → Mice
○​ Tooth → Teeth

Nouns and Possession

To show possession (ownership), we add an apostrophe (’s) or just an

apostrophe (').

Singular Noun Possessive Form Example

Boy Boy’s The boy’s bag

Teacher Teacher’s The teacher’s book

Plural Noun Possessive Form Example

Boys Boys’ The boys’ classroom

Teachers Teachers’ The teachers’ meeting

Noun Usage in Sentences

1.​ Subject of a sentence:

○​ The dog is barking.
 2.​ Object of a verb:
○​ She is reading a book.
3.​ Object of a preposition:
○​ I am going to the market.
4.​ Possessive noun:
○​ This is Ali’s laptop.
5.​ Appositive noun (Renaming a noun):
○​ My best friend, Sarah, loves painting.

Common Mistakes with Nouns

🚫 Incorrect: The childrens are playing.​

✅ Correct: The children are playing.
🚫 Incorrect: She gave me an advice.​
✅ Correct: She gave me some advice.
🚫 Incorrect: I bought a bunch of bananas and a dozen of eggs.​
✅ Correct: I bought a bunch of bananas and a dozen eggs.
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) on Nouns

Choose the correct answer:

1.​ Which of the following is a proper noun?​

a) city​
b) river​
c) Dhaka​
d) teacher​

2.​ Identify the common noun from the following:​

a) Amazon​
 b) doctor​
c) Eiffel Tower​
d) Shakespeare​

3.​ Which noun is countable?​

a) Water​
b) Rice​
c) Table​
d) Advice​

4.​ Identify the uncountable noun:​

a) Books​
b) Information​
c) Chairs​
d) Apples​

5.​ A collective noun for a group of fish is:​

a) Herd​
b) School​
c) Flock​
d) Bunch​

6.​ The plural of "child" is:​

a) Childs​
b) Childes​
c) Children​
d) Childrens​

7.​ Identify the abstract noun in the sentence:​

"His kindness was appreciated by everyone."​
 a) His​
b) Kindness​
c) Everyone​
d) Appreciated​

8.​ Which of these nouns is concrete?​

a) Love​
b) Fear​
c) Chair​
d) Anger​

9.​ Which sentence contains a possessive noun?​

a) The dog is barking.​
b) The girl's book is on the table.​
c) They are playing football.​
d) She likes to read.​

10.​Identify the plural noun:​

a) Tooth​
b) Women​
c) Foot​
d) Mouse​

11.​What is the collective noun for a group of wolves?​

a) Flock​
b) Swarm​
c) Pack​
d) Herd​
12.​Which of the following is a material noun?​
a) Gold​
b) Happiness​
c) Love​
d) Honesty​

13.​ The plural of "goose" is:​

a) Goose​
b) Gooses​
c) Geese​
d) Goosees​

14.​What type of noun is "childhood"?​

a) Concrete​
b) Abstract​
c) Proper​
d) Collective​

15.​Which of the following nouns is in singular form?​

a) Women​
b) Boys​
c) Library​
d) Feet​

16.​Which of the following nouns is both countable and uncountable?​

a) Rice​
b) Water​
c) Sugar​
d) Experience​
17.​ "A ______ of grapes" (Choose the correct collective noun).​
a) Herd​
b) Swarm​
c) Bunch​
d) Group​

18.​Which sentence uses a proper noun correctly?​

a) She went to City yesterday.​
b) I visited the Statue of Liberty.​
c) He bought an new phone.​
d) They saw many deers.​

19.​What is the plural form of "person"?​

a) Persons​
b) People​
c) Persones​
d) Peoples​

20.​Identify the possessive noun:​

a) The teachers' room is upstairs.​
b) The boys are playing football.​
c) I love reading books.​
d) The birds are flying.​

21.​ What type of noun is "happiness"?​

a) Concrete​
b) Abstract​
c) Proper​
d) Material​
22.​Choose the correct plural form:​
a) Oxes​
b) Oxen​
c) Oxs​
d) Oxis​

23.​Which of these is a material noun?​

a) Table​
b) Book​
c) Silver​
d) Chair​

24.​What is the collective noun for a group of birds?​

a) Flock​
b) Herd​
c) Swarm​
d) Pack​

25.​Identify the concrete noun in this sentence: "The cat is sleeping on the
sofa."​
a) Sleeping​
b) Cat​
c) On​
d) Is​

26.​What type of noun is "team"?​

a) Abstract​
b) Collective​
c) Proper​
d) Material
 27.​Which of the following words is a singular noun?​
a) Teeth​
b) Woman​
c) Mice​
d) Men​

28.​"A ______ of lions" (Choose the correct collective noun).​

a) Pack​
b) Pride​
c) Flock​
d) Herd​

29.​Which of these nouns is plural?​

a) Mouse​
b) Goose​
c) Geese​
d) Tooth​

30.​Which of the following is a possessive noun?​

a) The students' books are on the table.​
b) She loves ice cream.​
c) The dog is barking.​
d) They went to school.

Identify the Type of Noun in the Following Sentences

1.​ Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh.

2.​ The team won the championship.
3.​ He showed great kindness to the stranger.
4.​ The cat is sleeping on the sofa.
5.​ I need some water to drink.
6.​ There are five books on the table.
7.​ Sara is my best friend.
8.​ A bunch of grapes is on the plate.
9.​ His happiness was evident.
10.​The box is on the floor.
11.​The boys' uniforms are clean.
12.​She is full of wisdom.
13.​A flock of birds is flying.
14.​I bought a gold ring.
15.​The policeman helped us cross the road.
16.​Ali's bike is new.
17.​The dogs are barking loudly.
18.​I have a bottle of juice.
19.​She believes in honesty.
20.​The students are in the classroom.
Answer Key

1.​ c) Dhaka
2.​ b) doctor
3.​ c) Table
4.​ b) Information
5.​ b) School
6.​ c) Children
7.​ b) Kindness
8.​ c) Chair
9.​ b) The girl's book is on the table.
10.​b) Women
11.​ c) Pack
12.​ a) Gold
13.​ c) Geese
14.​b) Abstract
15.​c) Library
16.​d) Experience
17.​ c) Bunch
18.​b) I visited the Statue of Liberty.
19.​b) People
20.​a) The teachers' room is upstairs.
21.​ b) Abstract
22.​b) Oxen
23.​c) Silver
24.​a) Flock
25.​b) Cat
26.​b) Collective
27.​b) Woman
28.​b) Pride
29.​c) Geese
 30.​a) The students' books are on the table.

Identify the Type of Noun Answers

1.​ Proper Noun

2.​ Collective Noun
3.​ Abstract Noun
4.​ Concrete Noun
5.​ Uncountable Noun
6.​ Countable Noun
7.​ Proper Noun
8.​ Collective Noun
9.​ Abstract Noun
10.​Concrete Noun
11.​ Possessive Noun
12.​ Abstract Noun
13.​ Collective Noun
14.​Material Noun
15.​Common Noun
16.​Possessive Noun
17.​ Plural Noun
18.​Countable Noun
19.​Abstract Noun
20.​Common Noun