Project report submitted for partial fulfilment of requirement

For the award of bachelor of commerce

year 2025

Submitted by
Jannat ahmed
Submitted to the
Roll no : UC-221-180-0024
Reg No :
Sem : Bcom.6th Sem
Department: Management

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I gratefully acknowledge the inspiration guidance help and valuable suggestions receive in
the pursuance of the project report.

First all of, I express my deepest sense of gratitude and sincere thanks to the head of
department of management PDUAM, TULUNGLA for her valuable guidance and suggestion
for the project.

Secondly, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude and sincere thanks to our principal
sir of our insulation for giving us his wonderful support and motivate to complete the
project successfully.

I would also about like to mention about my parents and friends, whose ceaseless
enthusiasm Support encouragement and suggestions are always with me while undergoing
the project work.

Jannat ahmed

B.COM6 th semester

PDUAM, TULUNGIA

DECLARATION BY THE STUDENT

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 1, jannat ahmed, hereby declare that the project entitled A Study on
the Project on Indian Standard of Retailing Business has been prepared
by me under the guidance of dr, payal dutta Department:
Management during the year 2025 and is submitted in partial fulfilment
of the requirement for the award of degree in Bachelor of commerce
(B.COM) of GAUHATIUNVIVERSITY.
This project report has not been submitted earlier for the award of any
other Degree / Diploma from Gauhati University or any other university

Date: Signature:

Place: Full name:

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 Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION

India is the second fastest growing economy in the world. It is third largest
economy in the world In terms of GDP and fourth largest economy in

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 terms of Purchasing Power Parity. India presents A huge opportunity to
the world at age, to use as a hub. Standing on the threshold of a retail
Revolution and witnessing a fast changing retail landscape, India is all set
to experience the Phenomenon of global village. India is the “promised
land” for global brands and Indian retailers A “Vibrant economy”. India
tops in the list of emerging market for global retailer and India’s Retail
sector is expanding and modernizing rapidly in line with India’s economic
growth.
The future is promising; the market is growing, government
policies are becoming more Favorable and emerging technologies are
facilitating operations.
Retailing in India is gradually inching its way toward becoming
the next boom industry. The Whole concept of shopping has altered in
terms of format and consumer buying behaviour, Ushering in a revolution
in shopping in India. Modern retail has entered India as seen in Sprawling
shopping centers, multi-storied malls and huge complexes offer shopping,
Entertainment and food all under one roof. The Indian retailing sector is at
an inflexion point
Where the growth of organized retailing and growth in the consumption by
the Indian populationis going to take a higher growth trajectory. The
Indian population is witnessing a significant Change in its demographics. A
large young working population with median age of 24 years, Nuclear
families in urban areas, along with increasing working-women population
and emerging Opportunities in the services sector are going to be the key
growth drivers of the retail sector in India.
Retailing in India is evolving rapidly, with consumer
spending growing by unprecedented rates And with increasing no of
global players investing in this sector. Organized retail in India is
Undergoing a metamorphosis and is expected to scale up to meet global
standards over the next Five years. India’s retail market has experienced
enormous growth over the past decade. The Most significant period of
growth for the sector was between year 2000 & 2006, when the sector
Revenues increased by about 93.5% translating to an average annual
growth of 13.3%.The sectors Growth was partly a reflection of the
impressive Indian economic growth and over all rise in Income level of
consumers.
Apparels and consumer durables are the fastest growing
vertical in the retail sector. Mobile Phone as a product category has
witnessed the highest growth in the consumer demand amongst All retail
products offering, with increasing penetration of telecommunication in
towns and Villages. The telecommunication sector has been adding on an

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 average 5 million new users every Month. The other product categories
are gaining traction predominantly in the urban areas and Emerging cities,
with increasing average income and spending power of young urban India.
India remained as the most attractive market for third year in
a row in an index prepared by at Kearney. Retail sector is the largest
contributing sector to country’s GDP

With all these features and advantages, the opportunity for structural
changes from unorganized
Retail industry format to organized format has made the Indian markets
as a “Permissible ground” For global and domestic private players to fetch
their goods and fuel the economy to grow.

MARKET DYNAMICS
 Size and Growth:
India is the fourth largest retail market in the world and is projected to grow
significantly in the coming years.
 FDI:
Regulatory controls on FDI have been relaxed considerably in recent years.
Currently the Government allows 51% FDI in single brand retailing and 100%
in cash-n-carry business. However, the government’s plan to further open up
the retail sector has hit the roadblock after Facing strong political opposition
and nationwide protests by small traders against the proposal to allow FDI in
multiband retailing
Economic Factors:
India's large population, increasing urbanization, rising household incomes,
and consumer spending make it attractive to international retailers.

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 Competition:
The Indian retail landscape is dynamic and competitive, with both domestic
and international players.
 Online Retail:
India's online retail market is experiencing substantial growth, with
projections indicating significant expansion in the coming years.
 Traditional vs. Modern Retail:
The Indian retail sector includes both traditional, unorganized retail and
modern, organized retail formats.

Challenges and Opportunities

 Logistics and Infrastructure:
While India has made significant progress, challenges remain in areas like
logistics and infrastructure, especially in smaller towns and rural areas.
 Consumer Preferences:
Understanding and catering to the diverse preferences of Indian consumers,
including varying income levels and cultural nuances, is crucial for success.
 Regulatory Framework:
International retailers must navigate the Indian regulatory framework, which
includes various licenses and registrations required for business operations.
 Digital Transformation:
Embracing digital technologies and adapting to the evolving online retail
landscape is essential for staying competitive.

India offers a promising market for international retailers, but success

requires a thorough understanding of the local market dynamics, challenges,
and opportunities. By adapting strategies and embracing innovation,
international brands can capitalize on the growth potential of the Indian retail
sector.

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 Meaning of retailer:
A retailer is a business that sells goods or services directly to end-consumers for their
own personal use, acting as the final link in the supply chain. They purchase products
from manufacturers or wholesalers and then sell them in smaller quantities to
individual customers.

Meaning

 Selling to consumers:
Retailers focus on selling directly to individual customers, unlike wholesalers
who sell to other businesses.
 Final link in the supply chain:
They bridge the gap between manufacturers/wholesalers and end-users,
making products accessible to the public.
 Small quantities:

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 Retailers typically sell products in smaller quantities than wholesalers,
suitable for individual consumption.
 Variety of formats:
Retailers can operate in brick-and-mortar stores (physical locations), online
platforms (e-commerce), or a combination of both.

Forms (Types)

 Brick-and-mortar retailers: Physical stores with a storefront where Customers can

shop.
 Online retailers: Businesses that sell products exclusively through online platforms or
websites.
 Special event retailers: Businesses that sell products at temporary
events or locations.
 Kiosk retailers: Businesses that sell products through automated
kiosks or vending machines.
 Pop-up retailers: Temporary stores that operate for a limited time.
 Department stores: Large stores that sell a wide variety of
merchandise in different departments.
 Supermarkets: Stores that specialize in groceries and household
items.
 Specialty stores: Stores that focus on a specific type of product,
like clothing, electronics, or sports equipment.
 Discount stores: Stores that offer products at lower prices than
Traditional retailers.

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 NEED OF STUDY
Need of studying retail marketing lies in understanding how to
Effectively attract customers, drive sales, and build brand loyalty within the retail
sector. By studying retail marketing, businesses can develop strategies that enhance
customer engagement, improve the shopping experience, and ultimately boost their
financial performance.

 Driving Customer Engagement and Sales:

Retail marketing focuses on attracting customers through various strategies,
including advertising, promotions, and creating a positive shopping
experience. Effective marketing campaigns can lead to increased foot traffic,
online orders, and overall sales growth.
 Building Brand Awareness and Loyalty:
Consistent branding and messaging, along with loyalty programs and
personalized offers, can help build a recognizable brand and encourage
repeat purchases.
 Enhancing the Shopping Experience:
Retail marketing aims to create a memorable and positive shopping
experience for customers, whether it's through store design, customer
service, or online platform optimization.
 Differentiating from Competitors:
Effective marketing strategies can help retailers stand out from the
competition by highlighting unique selling points, offering innovative
solutions, or building a strong brand identity.
 Improving Decision-Making and Optimization:

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 Retail marketing research helps businesses gather data on customer
behavior, market trends, and competitor strategies, enabling them to make
data-driven decisions and optimize their marketing efforts.
 Increasing Revenue and Profits:
By effectively reaching target audiences, building customer relationships,
and optimizing marketing campaigns, retail marketing can contribute to
increased revenue and profitability.
 Adapting to Changing Market Conditions:
The retail industry is constantly evolving, and studying retail marketing helps
businesses stay informed about the latest trends and technologies, enabling
them to adapt their strategies accordingly.

Objective:
The main objectives of retailing are to sell products to end consumers, make a profit, and provide a
positive customer experience. Beyond these core goals, retailers may also aim for market share
growth, brand building, and to meet societal needs like offering job opportunities or providing
innovative services.

 Profitability:
Retailers aim to generate profits by selling goods at a price higher than their
cost, including overhead expenses like salaries and rent.
 Customer Experience:
Delivering a positive and satisfying customer experience is crucial for repeat
business and word-of-mouth marketing.
 Market Share:
Retailers may strive to increase their share of the market by attracting new
customers and retaining existing ones.
 Brand Building:
Building a strong brand identity and reputation is important for establishing a
loyal customer base and differentiating from competitors.
 Societal Objectives:
Some retailers may prioritize providing innovative services, job opportunities,
and unique merchandise, contributing to the community and society.
 Efficiency:

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 Retailers need to operate efficiently to minimize costs, manage inventory
effectively, and optimize store processes.
 Sustainability:
Growing consumer awareness of sustainability is leading retailers to prioritize
sustainable practices in their supply chain and product offerings.
 Technology:
Retailers are increasingly using technology to enhance the customer
experience, streamline operations, and personalize marketing efforts.
 Data Analytics:
Analyzing data is crucial for understanding customer behavior, optimizing
inventory management, and making informed decisions about pricing and
promotions.
 Customer Relationship Management (CRM):
Retailers use CRM systems to build strong relationships with customers,
provide excellent service, and personalize the shopping experience.

Review of literature:

The Indian retail business is a dynamic and fast-growing industry, significantly contributing to the
national economy. A review of literature reveals that the sector is characterized by both organized
and unorganized retail formats, with increasing competition and changing consumer
preferences. Key trends include the rise of e-commerce, the increasing influence of private labels,
and the emergence of new retail hubs.

Key Themes in the Literature:

 Growth and Importance:
The Indian retail sector is one of the largest in the world and a significant
contributor to India's GDP and employment.
 Organizational and Unorganized Retailing:
The sector is characterized by both organized (modern trade) and
unorganized (kirana stores) retail formats.
 Changing Consumer Preferences:
Consumers are becoming more discerning and influenced by factors like
convenience, price, and quality.
 Technological Advancements:
E-commerce and online shopping are transforming the retail landscape,
offering new channels and shopping experiences.
 Private Label Growth:

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 The popularity of private labels is increasing as retailers offer their own
brands, creating a
competitive advantage.
 Emergence of New Retail Hubs:
Tier II and III cities are becoming important retail destinations, driven by
urbanization and increasing disposable income.
 Competition:
The sector faces increasing competition, both between organized retailers
and between organized and unorganized retailers.

Objective of study

1. to study retail growth in India

Research mythology

The study is descriptive in nature .the secondary data has been used
for present study. the secondary data includes India brand equity
foundation report on retail sector of India. Article and relevant
website.

Chapter2
Data analysis and interpretation

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 ▎Chapter 5: Conclusions

The “Retail industry in India” is a vital contributor to the country’s economic and social fabric. With
its blend of traditional and modern formats, it caters to the needs of a diverse population while
driving growth across allied sectors. As the industry evolves, overcoming challenges and embracing
innovation will be key to unlocking its full potential.

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