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Hydrogen

Hydrogen is the lightest and most abundant element, commonly prepared through reactions with acids, metals, and water, as well as electrolysis. It has distinct physical properties such as being tasteless and less dense than air, and chemical properties that include high flammability and reactivity with oxides and chlorides. Industrially, hydrogen is produced via electrolysis and steam reforming of natural gas.

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8 views2 pages

Hydrogen

Hydrogen is the lightest and most abundant element, commonly prepared through reactions with acids, metals, and water, as well as electrolysis. It has distinct physical properties such as being tasteless and less dense than air, and chemical properties that include high flammability and reactivity with oxides and chlorides. Industrially, hydrogen is produced via electrolysis and steam reforming of natural gas.

Uploaded by

Asehon E Honour
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Hydrogen

By defn: hydrogen is the lightest and most


abundant element in the universe

Laboratory preparation of Hydrogen


Common method hydrogen prepared is;
i. Reaction of dilute acid with some metals
ii. Reaction of water with certain metals
iii. Reaction of water with hot carbon
iv.Electrolysis of water

Reaction of dilute acid with some metals


Hydrochloric acid reacts with zinc metal to
produce zinc chloride and hydrogen gas

Equation:
Zinc + Hydrochloric acid → zinc chloride +
Hydrogen
Zn (s) + 2HCl (aq) → ZnCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)

Question: Why hydrogen gas collected


downward displacement of water
Answer: hydrogen is less denser that air

Test for hydrogen


Hydrogen on gas jar tested by introduce a
glowing wooden splint if hydrogen present it
explode with a pop sound

Properties of Hydrogen
Consider the physical and chemical
properties of hydrogen as follows

Physical properties of Hydrogen


i. It is tasteless, colourless and odourless
ii. It is lighter(less denser) than air
iii. It is only slight soluble in water
iv.Does not support combustion
v. It neutral to litmus

Chemical properties of Hydrogen


i. Combine easily with other chemical
substance at high temperature
ii. Usual does not react with other element
at room temperature
iii. High flammable and burns with blue
flame
iv. Mixture of hydrogen and oxygen
explodes when lit
v. It React with oxides of metal to produce
metal
vi. It React with chlorides of metal to
produce metal
vii. React slowly with oxygen to produce
water

React of hydrogen with oxides


When hydrogen react with oxide of metal
produce metal and water
a. Cooper (II) oxide reacts with hydrogen to
form copper and water
Cooper (II) oxide + hydrogen → copper +
Water
b. lead (II) oxide reacts with hydrogen to
form lead and water
Lead (II) oxide + hydrogen → lead +
Water
c. iron (II) oxide reacts with hydrogen to
form iron and water
Iron (II) oxide + hydrogen → iron + water
d. calcium oxide reacts with hydrogen to
form calcium and water
Calcium oxide + hydrogen → calcium +
Water

React of hydrogen with chlorides


When hydrogen react with chloride of metal
produce metal and hydrogen chloride
a. Cooper (II) oxide reacts with hydrogen to
form copper and hydrogen chloride
Cooper (II) oxide + hydrogen → copper +
hydrogen chloride
b. lead (II) oxide reacts with hydrogen to
form lead and hydrogen chloride
Lead (II) oxide + hydrogen → lead +
hydrogen chloride
c. iron (II) oxide reacts with hydrogen to
form iron and hydrogen chloride
Iron (II) oxide + hydrogen → iron +
hydrogen chloride
d. calcium oxide reacts with hydrogen to
form calcium and hydrogen chloride
Calcium oxide + hydrogen → calcium +
hydrogen chloride

Industrial manufacture of Hydrogen


Hydrogen in industrially manufactured by
i. Electrolysis of water
ii. Steam reforming of natural gas

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