READINGS FOR SOCIOLOGY EDITED BY Garth Massey Dt WH Morton & Companys New Yor LondonWW, Sines & Company ha ten nde i fungi 92, wh ‘sm We Nore andy Heer Sra pub lee ee te a ee sa con dato No Yr ips Cope an {eNom ean l propers bj te tae, shin le ‘Satu wate em Amro sho hy tr ho mer pee Tones ng propane boss and ees tere Gal et iin bef Be Naaman ome fh pny Flos nd aye ao hen cme mame of {Ses psn np ch yur WW Neon Caray nds Semel pling ome whl by ers oy 29 by W Naan pan ga rr neh se te fw Bi sgn Jon Sons npn by Fosse oan yh Gr ipa Wed, A Frodacion map Besjunin oo inary of Coes Cag neieton ‘ioe! Oats Maney — bd ‘etd opp een sav omaaesanez bt) Sado. 1 May Cah Tbe Sexy. 1 Nn capa ne, 0 ene Ne Yk, NY 11100171 Sociology as an Individual Pastime ‘mo vision to Seco PETER L@ERGER Wat des it mat "hin sob? hi etn fom hs ook ‘inte Sos, vr Boar opis why scintagr are 0emeyig Tie pers tha bt parson of conven! woman, pd fies and aes with bed eesti lng ik the of ‘hing: Socnoyts oven pation fr eng pth water nd ocasoaly hing ble For Be sts part ofthe wy ecg seth wr 1 tibing fo crn wale posers (mcading some of hie writes) ia soilg! ight fate sr eer of stances t peeve ‘elo groupe of human eles hy mcmering Moray sock onto tory ceasing ney lacie isons by showing ht seca ened ‘le ould be oid nmr ume fashion. One might pout or eae be to seme eplctom of wcllogln! montage im the penelope [cic of Wester onan Orone might ie the ae made fel ‘Sn in the Supreme Cort dackion of 1954 on rca serene Ji schol Or one could nk tthe applications of eke aco ‘Ens to be humane lingo bn redesopnen Cran he seok ‘pat who moray and patel see wl dee auton bur Stak inwttcen But once oe twill wel erp to mind tha wat at [sc bee nt sical unrtndig ans but certain apbetions his undead i ot ifcltse How he sme weaning hl be epi ith opie neon. Th he elo edertans Iteol he yma acl prea can be apple ec by oe pox ‘ong intragroup hated as los by those Wang to rea oleae [Re ite soclogld understanding ofthe nue fan mrt eam be ‘Soop inthe ove of beth titra ane deocrade eee (ere renting [tthe sib tht of eather of tai ‘ee akout aman tevin Tho sco sere tec eset as a ade (decomp tan IBM mache He oes ou wh a questonnaie, ivi "ap wie i 18, wns enced lmgige pring eth wove ‘anh, ny rn alo al cag tar ae en oh40 PETER L BERGER rople select at vandor. then pes homens i tutions oni ne Imeable ph card, ch ae then fl Ito chien a ots of ours ef supported bys large ands wry eae bade ached thisimage ithe patent he ea all hi eft we peyune Pesan restate of what vegbdy kn ty A one sone Fark pil a ctlgit i lellow whe spends $1000 fo ede way tofu of ete, Ths ing ofthe slog as Ben renee nthe pub ind by she ees of many species dat igh wl be eid parson, ‘many apc concerned wit pb opinion and ack! Te pall Ser has tome wel om gure ince, ering peopl ‘our ther vous om foram pic alt per Sie ts chee wed inthe olster bse bear dane eemblance to clan marae, te ‘owh of imag fhe maclog andere, The Kiery ses =f Americ sea bvie have probaly greay aunt he meet of ‘hs image: The fundamental scope Quon, wht concn with premartia peting or with Repu rots or wih theses ol ga nig, hugs prenumedobehow often” “how any?” Now inst be dtd, erly th his ie he seo: isand his eae isnt aogier product fanny Bening sry fer Ward Wie 1 Amescansoclgy tur rather sees koe ‘heary to an inns prescupaton wlth nau cred epi studies. Th conmaton wi th tr socloghs ening reed thle ‘eer tectnigus. ong thee ery nary sata! esque Bee ‘wl prominently Sic tout hea 10th ben teva ft in soll ter, en tere are good Inet tht eden ‘ay from a nurow enprcam ecntalng Wo pte imme He - ‘aloe, ove that a ody pat ofthe sella ener i eunty contin to const of ale nds of oem fest of sci Hiren to any trader herta concerm. On Yan te abe of somtent ofthe aoe sclera or the it of pps ead so ‘loge onerous wl ean te stene Sista! data by themed not mk silly, They soe sca ay cay when they are social interpreted, pt hin «thera fame of reference at & soaose Simple canting, ven comeing sient ems hat oe cout, 20 sce The lat snilgy Inthe Kinsey teports. Tis dos not penn tht the tai he sn ae toto ht thy cot be eat tow nesting Ty te akon by thames rw materia that on aed ince intr retain, The inepetaon, homens athe road th he dain he Ses) ae a ail Pte #5 eles Soe scoop anon are isla the rguency tbln fpe- ‘mal pein or exams pert Teese enero re meal {ohm ony neat ofthe much onder npn fran undernang ‘tro and alsin ur sce To ive at uch understanding the ‘ects wil fen vet apply stil ecg, pedal wh > ‘edig wth the ase phenomena of ade soi Ie Bat scl eabe thn of nines lea ploy consists of conhgtng iregalar Verbs lnenerkry of aking nyse est bes. ‘Stolp ha om kr gongs, uso sl 5 a sleet There tus ban mach conver about the rave meaning of hs defo, PP putt allegnc of sclogis othe senile ees has ea er ‘whe ingest Hound by creas canons of procedure. It {he soctogt remain sl to fall, is statemens mst eae st vough the oberon of arti rules of evenee tat allow hes > ‘Shekm oto repent oo dep hindi fue sth sete dl ‘pine tht fon supper de motive fr redng a sooo work as Split sb orton the same pie het might describe mates In mah Ione Ine and conicng lngange. Ae soils ed to develop A scenic ref evidence, thy we compli fe upon rethad. ‘Soca! pole is why methodology massa and ali part of {he sciocal enerprie ‘tthe ne ie ute tae ht sme sci especial io A= fsa ave Secome vo peccuped with methodol suena they Ine ced oh need soi a al Ava esl thy ba ound oat nothing of sgcance about any amet of tl i sein see on Ie sonermton on tcnign ut My ond o inpocnce Mich ‘ft son on methodalgy can be elif rs of th ure of “they ow dhipline to areance on the acadersseene, Since Sebo ‘san alms sated entity song Americar in gurl ond Aner wade {iktan npc he diet rate tn prcede fhe erna Ini scence ey sang among the newcomers in the marketplace af ‘cdi, ‘As they Weare more secur inte acadec sts, ay be expect ‘ha ths mehedlgi netenty compen wil dich ven abet. "he shrg hat may scoop weit barbaric dec musts be ‘std wth sear everstons.Any cenii esiplne mst develop & Terie. Thi sender a dcpine meh an a.m pws thn dels th mats ura to cs peopl ta fr which no word iti coounon spc Hoeerterminolgy pons even moretmporat fee he vocal so, J boa hel sajet mater falar alr tecaure mod nh denote Beene we ar well aguneedweithe ‘Sel tone ht sx our poset ftom mpecio aad+ PETERL BERGER ‘ten ross In very much hese way ot of wil a onside She aia eng + ecco devrpon of our part, huands oF ‘aves cident or close fence Ako, cur Inguns x ten (ond perp "essed eee an confsing in te elerenes oscil reality Take for ‘example he concept a asa ery ingot ae fo snag Thee st be diens of meolgs chat this em may vei arma psc ico each, races ene groups power cos, inligaee rings, te ma ters aos tht the soil ment havea rei, sabes eistion a the conae if his work nto proceed with any dope af elenic ‘gr Inve of thse at, cat und tet some sells have sen erp to iva litre won oe te sane tp of nly we wal Hokage the oii ot so mh oi profssinal rola nhs bel supose’ a eran Kn of person. Ti the imap ofthe vciloi a « Jetchd,sardnie tare an cold mi puto of men, Where hs image pol, K my epoca Coker timp ofthe soils let of acpi sa ‘The sella here bse th allappcned supe manne off loom the war aly of common tending hs acon ns Ing btn coal appa th ie hos Ring thom any ini ca gore, and tos presumahy ming th al sgcmss of wat ea String Further tere the nto st hen he inves He wal frosts a al he scolds so a utc rin, pt {ng is manipula a th caps of te power tt “hist image prey not vey wll n° Ager ora of he contemporary scalp cea roe dation I toy few insta amp ke ons ns Guy ey. Th by To ofthe pltizl rate of th socal entire very gene ‘ne Fo ntancs, te employment of rclogissby ces tranche a {sty and gorerament ar moral qt hough ob face ners ‘wd than ty ee eens ar These, ower, moral gusto ‘sem all tapos of esponsibityin mer sot The age of Uhesocaogst san beer woot compan ond anipltoc wit enscence need nt deta far ee *** fr conto oc ‘is os of them would ack the eon upc for suck ar ‘om hy shoal aetna, How the ae we to conse fhe scala? I oan the aia Images of hi tht sound in he popular mind w hve aed beh ‘cen ements that wed Rave to nt concep, ‘socio thes someone concerned wth understanding cin 4 dscilne ay. The are of this sels ete. Thi enn hat “Wht te clog Sade and says aot the seal pore he sade ce Sovdlogy aa dil Pastine © 2 curs within carinrater sly dined foe af eferee, One of te Sin characteris ofthe sli ie of efron that operations se rudy cern rls of eden At sl, the wlan oe thie, 10 conel his personal prefereces att preuies. to percene leary ae han to Joe pomatvely This osrin, o ous docs nt ‘elace the wu of the sclops exence shun being, Bu Is Tite wo his pzations quo soclgls. Nor des the scot cm hat etre of ference the ont one wl wich ncey ca Be ake a oe tha er, ey few slender an ld woul lam oxy hat one ‘Should ost the wold ly sleet The bonis king a = dafl tas no reo opt heh of he poet ooo tthe meat a ‘ery dere manner Tete are many way of playing The pom that ‘oe deies other epic games hat one ea abot the le of ek ‘en The gume ofthe soins, then et sei res earn the ‘echt ib carn own sg the meaning fee len ‘That ye mt once Bil with metodo! quesons Math (oy dosnt conte goo The le eeu eal nce mee a tne 16 ndtand aces Matbodlogy tps in reaclng this gal: In drt nnd soko hat segren of hat he ain te moma he cll wil se are of means Among thee are ats (Gltechniqee Statins cn be ry ual in aneverng certain elas ‘Gestion, Bat sae doce ot conte socogy Ars eet he soc ‘lot wi veto be concered with the xa: iicance of theese ‘sing That be wl Eve tobe cae about terol. Ths oes oot Ive ean tht he ment a Dew language of i wn, ut doc Iman tha be cannot play ete ngage festa cour. Pal {helnerest ofthe rca pinay her That ee tart In underrandng for fs own ake He may be auare af or even concerned Ssh te praca appa al consoqeren of he ings a at ha Dine he oes the mcologal fame of eleence a sich and ove no ‘ess fae, les and dea that be shares wither en Who ae not ‘oxo [THE worwaTiON To Bo socioLogr) [We woul the to go aie bit farer here ad ak some mor per ‘onal an heetore node, mere cntoverilguesin, We woud ie {an not ly wa that the macllog dang bt ao wha ee ha ‘ie hm to fOr 10 oe the se Max Weber ae a sia one: thon we wan 0 Inge let the mate ofthe rocco demon In cing so, we sal evoke an image tat snot 80 ch Keay Ine ‘oe sens Ovt more conesioal Inthe sent of perona cermin4 peTeRL aeRGER Asi, we are notte in exommuniaing soe, The ga of i (fy gos on ina spacious playgronnd. Ue ae js esrb ile ore lost hse we wok oom opin ee ‘wold ay the hat he oclog ha feone We woul rely ke volute our game) ra pean mens rey sary rested Inthe dong of en His natal al he an nein ices of the werd wherever mon come tog The sok be ints uy her things. Ba his ensuing interest eal in the worl of me "hi ston thee Nsory tbo patene And since he nt tue. poching that me canbe atgeher teow fri. He il al te inerestd in the events that gag men tite ihr moments ‘toga and grandeur and estny at he il alo be ‘cnt by the ‘ownman pace the evry He wl ow reverence bat i reverence il et pve hn om waating Wo se and to underand He ay sometimes fel eubon a enter. Ba th so wel ao deter br wating | Ive his question answered The seco, a he uct or undrtandg, ‘oes dough he wd ten yahoos forthe allies of deat Son. Nobiiy ad degodaion, power and cbcariy inten ond fetes re eal iota i, howeer seal te ay be is personales or stn Tsien ty lend hi al penile lees of scythe best and he least brow lee he mos rrp and thera dest, Ad. he a god soils ew i mel nal tine paces bease how questions Bae so taken pment ‘eariaechoice ttt sek forsee ‘would be pst sy he sare things in a ewer key: We culty that dhe socio, bt forthe face of hie sadn Se be a he ‘ut lento setip despite hm, who i emp to lok thug hy eles tore othr pope al open eden Beers sme othe wise unoccupied pchologt sis oto to construct an apie at or ‘eciiogsts on the as of slit opera let ux ey ey that we Se spnting ery by way of aaogs Perhaps some ite bye conned ‘el curonty wach ht ade at he bthooa iat eco ‘eterte citoglan.Thin se nee. What aeons be sy tat gripe any socsogs oo oe cloned door hind wich here {sc htman vice If he a god sili ew want to apn hat dose {© understand the oes Behind ah closed done be wl apt sore ‘ew cet of haan fe no jt prs nl ero ‘The soil wl copy Him with mites tat thers ead st sacral ora ton dat for depose invention. He wl Se ‘warding the company of presto of pros denng oto spr Sonal preference hut om the custo he happens to be aking he ‘meee He wl also coer hie with tater it thers may End ‘buch too baring He willbe reed inthe ua neat ht goes ‘wh warfare or with grea inlet over, ut slo nthe elton Soctloy ata nul Pasting 9 beeen pteleeploed in rena or tween roe af te yz whe dl His oun foo of aaron thesia ip orf wht men do, bt te ston nt snothe exe of he fe hese uma conc. So mich ithe Imag of ot Dey Tn hse ous too te wend of men the xa neat couse’ oer prtessina Pepin Toms. Sete thse wl esa bis presence, el tht he poe on ther pes. sone pes te clog wil met up hth coe ters th the ple {inet thre lh the peologt orth etl. Yer chan ae that he quedo hat hate rota him to thse sme laces ae ren fhm te oes that prope hi lings The sepia tone soap ean eel the same: What are pope ding with ach ‘terre “What fe the aot each ther” "ow re hese re Tadoosips ogi n Inston” “What ae he coli Wess that nove men wa nso?” I yng answer sete qoslons spe Insances the solo wl of corse ate o dea wi econ pt ic ter but he wld ona wy rather ferent fro that of the oo ‘norte pla alent. The scene ht he octane he sane onsen that dhe her sli concer thane wih But the nop angle of wan eee, When ti x undentood becomes (Seth fas items 0 ey 1 ke oa spec elt wi ‘hich de secrog al ary on bane ins omni" There ower one stele wore pth th soil wil crest mere ofl than nyo eon is ooreye Thi the oranda, pen a he 0 ‘Seog tare fom the resat othe ps, preoceaton are ery hard {dec dinguah or hn of he strives we shal ate is ‘lnstip oe ter at of or eonserations Sule tt any ee that the ‘cielo jouoey wil be moch impoverished les tc penctntd ‘enh by eer wh that ther prin cet, ‘oy Itlectal shy dere extoment om te momer become ‘eal of dicey nome elfen the the covery of Was Pe ‘oot nthogh a stink This the ecient of Ue arene (oro the mln psc an the anipodal boundaries Ua ‘Bon cpubis of consi But can alo be he excement of bate ony ogo ns ileen wy can be the extra oe Engi > vig nw al of human expen ro the nteoplo xplrieg Fnuman cnt in rea counter sch hcvery when undertake sh son a widening af awareness sometiner a vertable emote [concurs octane The universe urs nt tobe mach mre wd thamont had et dened The encanto oily aly of len tetortSoptines st re, he socogst pete int wr hat Bae Prevost een gts unknown ohio tance, the wort re, oF {he werd ofsone bare religious sco the wale shoe by he ec se cones of vome gen arnedcal spel o lie lenders orETERL. BERGER averting executes Howewe much af he asthe cog oe a ‘esos of perience at are fiir o hi nd ost pol no ‘hy He mestantescommanitie, ntton and acts that ne cn ei Sout ry day i se newspape et thre another estore lic ‘yea nis avesigatons Ie ino he exceent of eminem 1h coll fab athe he exe of Sig the fair be emingtasfomod ins meenng The fino of oko is nthe ‘ae that perp makes wo ew eh te ery wd in whieh ve Have Ind our ls, Tis len concnces a tenalormaten of toe ‘Sous Moveorr this tsfonmation is more relent exer fan “hat of my oter nla dss, Pemex mere nt op ‘pnt sone spell compartment ofthe min. The astenomer dees no Tein dhe rete palais, nd the cea pit ca, ote abr tory ev ad Ta ad arty ad ote tout inking so he nies oF the tom Thegolgst loo at es oly at aprons, ad sh ‘st speats Engh th hs if The verso le in acer om te fb Soi of Hl own If inevtaby pare of i abject mater Men bel ‘wha they ar, scsgss eo manage aera the poten lite ‘rom ther nay afar Bu i ato a fea to pero nod ‘The scalp motes in he orton wo men, ow what mast of ‘nem woul ea The eters he employs ir nae ate oly Serene of the cigs by which oie men lnepomer se Sas, ‘ace ethnic. Ava ret re deceptive ingly and obviousness ‘Shut some socolgkal Investigates. One rcs ha, ne the fla ‘en, emar that one las hard all thi belore ae st peopl ae ete ‘hing: foe tan to waste the ine om tame unl one Iv macy Treat pag ong hat acl quote eying one had pre ‘oly seme sont this scoe This he pol a which ane be [Baste sera the extent of lo Teton ake serif eval nin sco asin Sather sok lege whore alos all the tudes are white Seuherers Imagine a tire the nbjcs of he acl te ofthe Sot Toe etre naling here of ‘erat hav en faa toi es tn ie th nancy Tacor mayb hat they are much ne ara withthe ao tis sytem than he i They ar qi bored rar sen otha hat be nly ing ore rsa wre dese wht hey andy Kao hear eth tm cat” commonly tard nw by Americ ale ft fo die ie Souther ail tem. Bat n expla the ters he Shs oattina Hind sock to make clerer Hehen pesos a Ie the mage eli nheren in cat asthe soil ami ol com ‘penslam and connsblen, the scone interes concealed i the ‘rem, they which elon ele relate eta th fers the (Sie syeupon the ids developmen ofthe soy and ee en Sosy tan cil Posting © 11 all in i,t sud Hi i ot ery fay The etre | tes tack Souther shame. The familar now Sons Notes an ‘Sry more. Queens are vals that ae net, perhaps raed en, bat ‘ated lhe sane Abd at hes some ofthe stents hve begu 1 ude ‘nd ht there ae neon ive in hs sine race hath hae rend abot inthe pewspaper a st ot ten tet he and "ia te parents ave ad harp a Teast, acne ta de espero he parts he bo tha ‘ean lh he ot wide of scelog I hi—hings te not what ‘ha en Th co dcepelysimpe steer css to be sip cr wl Sci realty ture ot hase many lees of meaning The “scone ofeach eve changes the peresion othe Wink “Auhroplogse ae he xm lar soek to deve the pas of ao tally new cule upon a eweome Ina exee inset shock we ‘xeon ly he Wester epee wl, aoa through ines hat Its ating th nice dy head Yoen hating th he pes a shock with prea ysl i ot moral cosequnces: Most exple- “ee lng enone anaes ne atl tay. Howe he Sat ‘Stooutr sith ply ew pare ero ven wh the way ome ‘tine ive the tombs can be ite a shock oan Ameren sre ‘Wah the shack may go moron appa gut tense fect ment tht hig ana e tat diferent fom wht they ae me tome exe, tent, iss the exctoment fay ft tre broad. Te peace of socclual dscoey ld be deed as “alte sock” fs goerapicaldaplasmens In other words, the soci avls emit sockrg rel Ho lilt fd tht be esting ised dor din But the easvers fr ntact hc chute ha on "rl moray nested in te lay oat few Boks rors name thee are people who engate in cut les may ot be scaly a ferent nero pact Yet we weld mot watt np tha clo tdasovre ar aay or evn sly tags to moral emiment Noa 1, Wat they hae common with xpration in sat Ind, howe {be sen Murnane and nsec ass haat existe ‘ose Thi the exert and cane bal et hw ater the an ‘ejrtiatin of oto. opie who Ihe to avo shucking scrsece, who peter to aleve a society is jut hey ete eh a Sunday Scho, e he aly oF theres a sh main of what led Sentral he "wor taken fevgrnte” sou sy away fo sceg. People who Fel no empeation ‘breed dors. who haven cost ab man ergs who a ten adm seones wou wondkrng abut the people Wh ve nthe ewes thease of har er shu peta ao tay away fm so ‘ology They wld wales oa an rat uneeatding People wo fe intecestal a haz eng only hy can change, aero efor2» PETERL BERGER them should obo mare fr they wil i ocllegy mc es fa tthe hope Ao pepl whoo ietert is aay nr wm concep ‘stucons wl do fsa wel tar othe ty of ele te mie So ‘elo ll dost sel torn he tayo ile mice. Soin wil be Satshing nth log nny thse wh en think a oting mae ‘racing thant wach men ado unde thing fama Tbe sur, holon a nl pstne fn the seme tat teres some mena bore oes Se eo cere human bangs thers oes iment mice: Th wel big enough ol al kinds ad ere 20 [opal peony fron nore sist apatite word "pate eatin describing what we mean, Soll more Is son he sc "soil perpct more ke a enon th pes co tht es ane ompetg gan and aan othe quests hat oe Aa inte tom to soln x therefor, an nnton Yo ey spl Kin sso,