Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology Batch: 2023-2027
23EC502 ANTENNAS AND WAVE PROPAGATION 3/0/0/3
Nature of Course G (Theory & Analytical)
Course Objectives:
1 To gain knowledge in antenna parameters and the radiation principles of wire
antennas
2 To understand the design and operation of array and aperture antennas.
3 To acquire knowledge on different types of antennas and its applications
4 To understand the characteristics of transmission line and diversity
techniques
5 To gain knowledge in different wave propagation phenomenon
Course Outcomes:
Upon completion of the course, students shall have ability to
Explain antenna parameters, array patterns and its radiation
C502.1 [U]
characteristics
Demonstrate the radiation mechanism of simple antennas to
C502.2 [AP]
complex antenna structures
Analyse the performance of special antennas for different
C502.3 [AN]
applications
Apply transmission line parameters and various diversity
C502.4 [AP]
techniques in antenna design
C502.5 Illustrate the different modes of wave propagation techniques [U]
Course Contents:
FUNDAMENTAL PARAMETERS OF ANTENNAS AND ANTENNA ARRAYS 15
Physical concept of radiation, Antenna parameters: Radiation pattern, gain, directivity, effective
aperture, Baluns, Antenna noise temperature, Radiation from oscillating dipole, half wave
dipole, folded dipole antenna. Linear Arrays: Two element array, Uniform N-element linear
array, end fire and broadside arrays, pattern multiplication, synthesis of binomial array.
Tschebyscheff array, Planar array antennas.
SPECIAL ANTENNAS 15
Huygens’ Principle, Aperture Antennas- Horn antennas, Reflector antennas, Slot antenna and
feeding techniques. Microstrip patch antenna-Radiation from rectangular MSA, Circular MSA
and feeding techniques, UWB-antenna, RFID-Antenna, Wearable-antenna. Applications of
Antennas in 5G . Smart antenna: Historical development of smart antennas, phased array
antennas, Beam steering: Fixed weight beamforming basics-Maximum signal to noise
interference ratio, Minimum mean square error. Adaptive Beamforming-Least mean squares,
Angle-of-Arrival Estimation: Array correlation matrix, AOA Estimation Methods- Bartlett AOA
estimate, AI/ML role in AOA estimation.
TRANSMISSION LINE CHARACTERISTICS, DIVERSITY TECHNIQUES AND WAVE
PROPAGATION 15
Transmission line Parameters, Characteristic Impedance, Impedance matching, Propagation
Constant. Diversity Techniques - Space diversity, Frequency diversity, Time diversity. Modes
of propagation: Ground wave, surface wave, and space wave propagation; Tropospheric and
Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology Batch: 2023-2027
duct propagation; Multipath fading and ray bending, Flat earth and curved earth concept, Virtual
height, Critical frequency, Maximum usable frequency, Skip distance,
Total Periods: 45
Text Books:
1 K D Prasad, “Antenna and Wave Propagation”, Fourth Edition (Reprint),
Satya Prakashan, 2021.
2 Constantine A. Balanis, “Antenna Theory and Design”, Fifth Edition,
John Wiley & Sons, 2020.
3 T. K. Sarkar, Michael C. Wicks, M. Salazar-Palma, Robert J. Bonneau,
“Smart Antenna”, John Wiley & Sons, 2019.
Reference Books:
1 John D Rider, “Neworks, Lines and Fields”, Prentice-Hall of India (PHI),
Second Edition, 2020.
2 Theodore S Rappaport, “Wireless Communication: Principles and Practice,
Second Edition, Prentice Hall of India, 2010.
3 John D Krauss, Ronald J Marhefka and Ahmad S. Khan, Antennas and
Wave Propagation, Tata McGraw-Hill, Fourth Edition, 2016.
Web References:
1 http://www.antenna-theory.com
2 https://www.tutorialspoint.com/antenna_theory
3 http://www.amanogawa.com/archive/antennaA.html
4 https://www.ieeeaps.org
5 https://spectrum.ieee.org/topic/antennas
Online Resources:
1 https://archive.nptel.ac.in/courses/108/101/108101092/
2 https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc23_ee130/preview
