events.

Emissions caused by the

Extreme weather burning of fossil fuels have been
trapping heat in the atmosphere
The summer of 2022 has seen
since the start of the industrial
record-breaking heatwaves in
era. Climate experts say that
countries as widespread as India,
extreme temperatures are now
the UK, Brazil and Australia. The
ten times more likely a result of
high temperatures have resulted
climate change, and future
in many serious problems.
temperatures may well be
Wildfires have destroyed vast
higher._ 4 _ Whether or not we
areas of vegetation across Europe
meet the emissions targets set by
and sometimes houses or entire
the Paris Agreement in 2015 will
towns. _1 _ First, scorching
affect billions of people across the
temperatures draw moisture from
globe.
the ground, resulting in tinder-dry
conditions. Then, lightning from _5 _ However, even in this case,
storms, which also increase in hot the heat index is forecast to reach
weather, may supply the spark dangerous levels ten times more
that sets the vegetation alight. often. When this happens, the
effects of heat on the body make
Meanwhile, in China, the
it increasingly difficult for humans
heatwave resulted in power
to maintain a safe body
cuts. _2 _ The drought has
temperature. The conditions will
affected crop production
be unprecedented for people
everywhere, which is forecast to
working outdoors in countries
be up to fifty per cent lower for
where it is already as hot as this,
some crops in Europe. This will
such as Sub-Saharan African
result in food shortages and
farmers.
higher prices.
Poorer countries like Bangladesh,
Increasing temperatures have also
Pakistan and Afghanistan,
increased the incidence of floods,
experiencing increasingly extreme
devastating New Zealand and
weather events, are looking to
Pakistan this year. _3 _ In Asia, the
richer countries for more
monsoon rains have become more
finance._ 6 _ With limited means
unpredictable. Dry periods have
themselves, they are forced to
occurred at critical planting times,
choose between rebuilding or
while sudden downpours have
developing ways to cope with
destroyed homes and drowned
future climate crises. Richer
out entire crops. Cyclones are also
countries have promised funding,
more common.
but developing countries still need
Human-induced climate change is to receive it or receive it in the
now accepted as the reason form of loans they cannot repay
behind these extreme weather
 Gap 1 E. Although humans sometimes are
the cause of these fires, climate
A. The best-case scenario is that plays a large part in the extent of
countries manage to keep global their damage.
temperatures to less than 2ºC above
preindustrial levels. F. This is because more moisture
evaporates into the atmosphere,
B. How much so depends hugely on resulting in more and heavier drops
our ability to reduce carbon that fall in a shorter space of time.
emissions in the next few years.
G. These countries claim they are
C. The weather across the globe has bearing the brunt of climate change
always been variable, but those caused by richer nations.
variations are becoming more
extreme. Gap 3

D. This event is due to the lakes that A .The best-case scenario is that
supply the hydroelectric power countries manage to keep global
stations drying up. temperatures to less than 2ºC above
preindustrial levels.
E. Although humans sometimes are
the cause of these fires, climate B. How much so depends hugely on
plays a large part in the extent of our ability to reduce carbon
their damage. emissions in the next few years.

F. This is because more moisture C. The weather across the globe has
evaporates into the atmosphere, always been variable, but those
resulting in more and heavier drops variations are becoming more
that fall in a shorter space of time. extreme.

G. These countries claim they are D. This event is due to the lakes that
bearing the brunt of climate change supply the hydroelectric power
caused by richer nations. stations drying up.

Gap 2 E. Although humans sometimes are

the cause of these fires, climate
A. The best-case scenario is that plays a large part in the extent of
countries manage to keep global their damage.
temperatures to less than 2ºC above
preindustrial levels. F. This is because more moisture
evaporates into the atmosphere,
B. How much so depends hugely on resulting in more and heavier drops
our ability to reduce carbon that fall in a shorter space of time.
emissions in the next few years.
G.These countries claim they are
C. The weather across the globe has bearing the brunt of climate change
always been variable, but those caused by richer nations.
variations are becoming more
extreme. Gap 4

D. This event is due to the lakes that A. The best-case scenario is that
supply the hydroelectric power countries manage to keep global
stations drying up.
temperatures to less than 2ºC above plays a large part in the extent of
preindustrial levels. their damage.

B. How much so depends hugely on F.This is because more moisture

our ability to reduce carbon evaporates into the atmosphere,
emissions in the next few years. resulting in more and heavier drops
that fall in a shorter space of time.
C. The weather across the globe has
always been variable, but those G.These countries claim they are
variations are becoming more bearing the brunt of climate change
extreme. caused by richer nations.

D. This event is due to the lakes that Gap 6

supply the hydroelectric power
A.The best-case scenario is that
stations drying up.
countries manage to keep global
E. Although humans sometimes are temperatures to less than 2ºC above
the cause of these fires, climate preindustrial levels.
plays a large part in the extent of B.How much so depends hugely on
their damage. our ability to reduce carbon
F. This is because more moisture emissions in the next few years.
evaporates into the atmosphere, C. The weather across the globe has
resulting in more and heavier drops always been variable, but those
that fall in a shorter space of time. variations are becoming more
extreme.
G .These countries claim they are
bearing the brunt of climate change D. This event is due to the lakes that
caused by richer nations. supply the hydroelectric power
stations drying up.
Gap 5
E. Although humans sometimes are
A.The best-case scenario is that the cause of these fires, climate
countries manage to keep global plays a large part in the extent of
temperatures to less than 2ºC above their damage.
preindustrial levels.
F.This is because more moisture
B.How much so depends hugely on evaporates into the atmosphere,
our ability to reduce carbon resulting in more and heavier drops
emissions in the next few years. that fall in a shorter space of time.
C.The weather across the globe has G. These countries claim they are
always been variable, but those bearing the brunt of climate change
variations are becoming more caused by richer nations.
extreme.

D.This event is due to the lakes that

supply the hydroelectric power
stations drying up. 1. It’s very ______ today. I feel
so hot and sweaty.
E.Although humans sometimes are
the cause of these fires, climate a. hazy
 b. foggy c. clear

c. cloudy d. windy

d. muggy

6. As it was a ______ day, we

were wearing our rubber
boots.
2. It’s absolutely ______! You
a. rainy
could fry an egg on the
ground. b. misty

a. scorching c. cloudy

b. mild d. mild

c. freezing 7. The climate here is ______.

It’s rarely too hot or too
d. arid
cold.
3. Although the rain has finally
a. thundery
stopped, the ground is still
very ______. b. chilly

a. arid c. mild

b. damp d. scorching

c. snowy 8. Because of the ______

weather, the ferry to the
d. muggy
island wasn’t running.
4. It’s a bit ______ out there. I’d
a. humid
definitely wear a warm
jacket if I were you. b. arid

a. nippy c. stormy

b. muggy d. muggy

c. cloudy

d. scorching 9. the ______ climate of the

desert means that it’s too
dry for most vegetation to
5. The sky is very ______ today. grow.
I hope the sun comes out
a. arid
soon.
b. damp
a. sunny
c. hazy
b. overcast
 d. warm

10. It was a bright and

______ afternoon, without a
cloud in the sky.

a. rainy

b. overcast

c. misty

d. clear