• Accident - an unexpected and unfortunate incident that
occurs accidentally and causes hurt, damage, or injury.
• Agricultural Chemicals – are chemical agents that are used
to control cropharming organisms (like: fungi, nematodes,
mites, insects, and rodents) or viruses (refers to "diseases
and pests") in the farm such as fungicides and insecticides.
• Cleaning - the act or process of removing dirt from tools,
containers and farm facilities.
• Chemicals - means the interaction between substances. It
can be in the form of liquid, solid or gas. It can be from any
pure substance or a mixture of different substances.
• Disinfection Chemicals - refers to the chemical used in
cleaning which has the ability to kill microorganisms
especially pathogens.
• Hazard - can potentially harm or injure workers. In any
workplace, hazard exists.
• Over fatigue, improper posture while harvesting the crops,
and using unguarded machineries are some of the common
hazards.
• Incident - refers to any remarkable or interesting event or
occurrence, whether intentional or unintended.
• Near Miss - refers to an unanticipated event that almost
harms persons or property but does not cause any injury or
damage.
• Occupational Safety – are safe practices related to
production and work process in the workplace.
• Safety - the physical or environmental conditions of work
which comply with the prescribed Occupational Health
Safety (OHS) standards and which allow the workers to
perform his or her job without or within acceptable exposure
to hazards
• Safety Measures – is an action, or procedure that is
designed to lower the occurrence or risk of injury, loss and
danger to persons, property or the environment.
• Risk – a situation involving exposure to danger, injury or
loss.
• Unsafe Acts - are activities or behaviors that depart from
established safety norms, such as disobeying safety
guidelines or failing to properly employ personal protection
equipment.
• Unsafe Conditions - include physical aspects within the
workplace that have the potential to cause harm, such as
poor housekeeping, insufficient lighting or ventilation,
malfunctioning equipment, or inappropriate handling of
hazardous products.
Occupational Safety When in the Farm – safety practices set
by farm owners that involves production and work process
of farmworkers. Farmers should always take extra measures
to ensure their safety while working in the farm.
Hazards and Risk in the Farm - farmers are exposed to a lot
of risk, which can lead to major accidents or injuries. Risk is
the possibility of a hazard to exist. It may cause injury or
health problems. It is important that workers are properly
trained and properly guided by the management.
Types of Hazards:
Hazard can potentially harm or injure workers. In any
workplace, hazard exists. Over fatigue, improper posture
while harvesting the crops, and using unguarded machineries
are some of the common hazards.
• Physical Hazard – it includes weak platform, slippery stairs
or floorings, falling objects, excessively loud music,
prolonged vibration, poor The teacher will be the one to
discuss the content of the lesson and will explain very well all
the items included. He/she can give real life scenario or
stories that happened related to the topic. The teacher
should emphasize the hazards of chemical fertilizers. And
can give some situations about chemical hazards that may
occur in the farm. 5 ventilation, extreme temperatures, and
poor air quality.
• Mechanical Hazard – is caused by electrically operated
machineries or devices that can cause electric shock or
electrocution. Pressure vessels, tractors, and cranes are all
used in farm operations.
• Chemical Hazard – are typical of hazardous chemicals that
can cause fire and explosion that came from pesticides,
cleaning agents, acids, and poisons. Exposure to certain
chemicals or improper handling and use of those chemicals,
can cause acute or long-term adverse health effects. Main
classifications of chemical hazards include: asphyxiants,
corrosives, irritants, sensitizers, carcinogens, mutagens,
teratogens, reactants, and flammables. Long term exposure
to chemical hazards such as silica dust, engine exhausts,
tobacco smoke, and lead may result to increase risk of heart
disease, stroke, and high blood pressure. Use of protective
personal equipment (PPE) is advised because it may reduce
the risk of damage from contact with hazardous chemicals
and materials.
• Biological Hazard – includes bacteria, viruses, mold,
mildew, insects, and vermin, among others.
• Psychosocial Hazard – is the stresses that farmers get from
work, family, or even among friends.
• Ergonomic Hazard- refers to any physical condition that
can be experienced in the workplace due to incorrect body
movement/s that can cause injury or other health concern
that may affect musculoskeletal system causing aches and
sprains that may appear not too Image source:
https://agsafety.osu.edu/newsletter/ag-safety-stat/injury-
prevention/recognizing-farmequipment-hazards 6 serious at
first but may develop into serious health problem which can
cause permanent damage to the body.
Chemicals and Hazardous Tools and Equipment Used for
Farm Work
1.Spraying Chemicals - The use of fertilizers and pesticides
are common in farming. These are used to control pests,
weeds, and mollusks. Spraying is the most common
method of applying chemicals. Farm owners consult
local agriculturist for the appropriate chemicals to use in
their crops.
Here are some important things to remember when using
chemical for the crops:
- Do not attempt to spray if there is a strong wind and its
direction is towards the body of water or a house.
- Never wash the spray equipment with water running down
into open drains or towards a dam or a
- Refrain from using used chemical containers.
To reduce the risk of hazardous chemicals, do the following:
- Appropriate PPE must be used.
- Store the chemicals in locked cabinets or storage area.
- Know the first aid procedures.
- Provide a list of hazardous chemicals used in the farm.
2.Land Preparation using Heavy Equipment and
Implements –
3.the use of mechanical equipment for land preparation
like tractor might involve risks such as a person being
run over by it. The tractor also has the tendency to
overturn, especially if it is running too fast, or the
operator makes a sharp turn, sudden swerve, or sudden
stop. Here are some things to remember when using
heavy farm implements: o Do not use a tractor for
transportation. It is not a passenger vehicle. o Use a
seatbelt when driving a tractor. o Use of PPE can save
the operator from serious injuries. To avoid possible
hazard and risks in the farm PPE is advised. Safety is the
physical environmental condition of work which
complies with Occupational Health Safety (OHS)
standards and which allows the farmers to 7 perform
their job without or within acceptable exposure to
hazards. One of the basic requirements to maintain
these standards is the provision of PPE. This can reduce
the number and severity of farmers related injuries and
illnesses.
