Maheshwari Public School

Vijay Path, Tilak Nagar, Jaipur

Summer Holiday Homework /Class-12 Com/ 2025-26

English
Prepare a project file as per allotment in the class.
1. Child Labour - A Bane
2. Life of Children in Slum Area
3. Education is Empowerment
4 Mother Tongue. Its Significance
5. Symbolism: It's Importance in Literature
6. Climate Change is the Greatest Threat
7 India: The Land of Great Personalities
8. Importance of Value Education.
9. Advantages of Social Media
10 Indian Tourism
11 Global Warming in reference to ' Journey to the End of the Earth’.
12. Poetic Devices

BUSINESS STUDIES
1. Several initiatives have been undertaken by the Govt. of India to encourage domestic manufacturing and
export of defence equipment. ‘Make in India’ in Defence, was one such scheme launched by the
Government to encourage companies across the world to manufacture defence products in India. To which
dimension of business environment does the above case relates to?
(a) Economic Environment
(b) Political Environment
(c) Legal Environment
(d) Social Environment
2. Over the past five years there has been an exponential increase in the number of people practicing
healthier lifestyles in India. Doctors and nutritionists are advising people to reduce the daily intake of soft
drinks as they are aerated, which can lead to obesity and other health issues. In order to cope up with the
setback in the demand from the consumers, “ENERGISE` a soft drink giant decided to introduce a tea brand
named `REFRESH` and a wellness drink named `FORTY PLUS` for women. The company received a great
response from the consumers. Identify the feature of management reflected in the above paragraph.
(a) Management is intangible
(b) Management is a dynamic function
(c) Management is a group activity
(d) Management is multi-dimensional
3. Management has to achieve a variety of objectives in all areas considering the interest of all stakeholders
including shareholders, employees, customers and the government. The main objective of any organisation
should be to utilize human and material resources to the maximum possible advantage.” Identify the
objectives of management highlighted above.
(a) Organisational Objectives
(b) Personal Objectives
(c) Social Objectives
(d) None of these
4. Assertion (A): Efficiency aims at performing tasks with the least wastage of time and effort.
Reason (R): Efficiency is about doing the job in a cost-effective manner, i.e., getting maximum output with
minimum input.
Alternatives:
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A)
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is True.

5. Assertion [A]: Different elements of the business environment are closely interrelated.
Alternatives:
Reason [R]: Business environment is a relative concept since it differs from country to country and even
region to region.

b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A)
c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False
d) Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is True.

6. Name & Explain the technique of Scientific Mangagement used to determine number of employees &
labour cost.

7. Renu and Sonu are good friends. Considering the fact that the activities involved in managing an
enterprise are common to all organizations, after completing their masters in business management, both of
them take up a job at managerial level in different organizations as per their individual areas of interest.
Renu takes up a marketing job in a retail company and strives to increase sales whereas Sonu joins an NGO
and works diligently to realize its objective related to providing employment to especially abled persons.
Both of them have to perform a series of continuous, composite, but separate functions. On some days, Renu
may spend more time in planning a future display layout and on another day, she may spend time in sorting
out an employee’s problem. Both Renu and Sonu make conscious efforts to build a feeling of team spirit and
coordination among diverse individuals with different needs who work under them. The effect of their
management is noticeable in their respective departments as the targets are met according to plans,
employees are happy and satisfied, and there is orderliness in its functioning rather than chaos. In context of
the above case:
Identify the four features of management highlighted in the above paragraph by quoting lines from it.

8. Explain following features of business environment:

(a) Totality of external forces
(b) Dynamic in nature
(c) General and specific forces
(d) Interrelated

9. Ritika is working in a private sector bank. One of her key function relates to the formulation of the overall
organizational goals and strategies of the bank.
(a) Identify the level of management at which she is working?
(b) State any two other functions that she has to perform at this level.

10. Name and explain with a suitable example the technique of Scientific Management given by Taylor to
differentiate between the efficient and the inefficient workers.
ACCOUNTANCY
Q1. In the absence of the Partnership Deed, Interest on Capital
(a) is allowed @ 6% per annum.
(b) is allowed @ 10% per annum.
(c) is allowed at the borrowing rate.
(d) is not allowed
Q2.The goodwill of a firm is₹1,08,000.It was valued at 4 year's purchase of super profits. The capital
employedby the firm is₹4,00,000 and the normal rate of return is 10%. The average profit of the firm is:
(a) ₹47,000 (b) ₹67,000
(c) ₹40,000 (d) ₹ 49,000
Q3. A & B were partners sharing profits & losses in the ratio 2:1.Awithdrew Rs. 6,000 in the beginning of
every month from April till September 2023. Later on he withdrew Rs. 10,000 at the end of every month ie.
from October to March 2024. Interest on drawings @ 10% p.a. charged from A will be:
(a) ₹4,100 (b) ₹2,050
(c) ₹2,300 (d) ₹2,100
Q4. A and B are partners in the ratio of 3:2. Their capitals are ₹2,00,000 and ₹1,00,000 respectively. Interest
on capitals is allowed @ 8% p.a. Firm earned a profit of ₹15,000 for the year ended 31st March 2024.
Interest on Capital will be:
(a) A ₹16,000;B ₹8,000
(b) A ₹9,000; B ₹6,000
(c) A ₹10,000;B ₹5,000
(d) No Interest will be allowed
Q5. Mita, Geeta and Mohit were partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5:3:2. With effect
from 1st April, 2022, they mutually agreed to share profits and losses in the ratio of 2:2:1. It was agreed that:
(i) Goodwill of the firm was valued at ₹ 1,40,000.
(ii) Profit on revaluation of assets and reassessment of liabilities amounted to ₹1,20,000.
Pass necessary journal entries for the above transactions in the books of the firm. Show your working notes
clearly.
Q6. Aryan & Karan were partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio 2:3 with the capital of Rs. 1,00,000
& Rs. 1,50,000 respectively. As per deed interest on capital is to be allowed 10% pa. and salary to Aryan Rs.
2,500 per month for his active participation in the business of the firm. Firm earned a profit of Rs. 44,000 for
the year ended 31 March, 2024. Show the distribution of profit with proper working notes.
Q7. X & Y were partners with the capital of Rs. 2,00,000 & Rs. 1,00,000 in a firm sharing profits and losses
equally. As per deed, following is required to be done:
a. Interest on capital 10% p.a.
b. Interest on drawings @ 6%.
Transfer to General reserve 1/10th of distributable profit.
During the year X withdrew Rs. 2,000 in the beginning of every month and Y withdrew Rs. 3,000 at the end
of every month. Firm earned a profit of Rs. 66,400 for the year ended 31" March, 2024. Pass the necessary
Journal entries for the above transactions.
Q8. Suresh & Mahesh entered into partnership as on 1st July 2023 with the capital of Rs. 3,00,000 & Rs.
4,00,000 respectively sharing profits in the ratio 2:3. As per deed they were entitled to the following:
a. Interest on capital 6% p.a.
b. Salary to Suresh Rs. 40,000 annually.
c. Interest on drawings @ 10%.
Suresh has been guaranteed his share of profit will not be less than Rs. 20,000 annually. Any deficiency
arises will be met by Mahesh. On 1ª October 2023, Suresh withdrew Rs. 10,000 from the firm and Mahesh
withdrew Rs. 1,00,000 out of his capital for personal use. Firm earned a profit of Rs. 89,000 for the year
ended 31 March 2024. Prepare Profit & loss Appropriation account for the year ended 31 March, 2024.
Q9. Ram & Shyam were partners with the fixed capital of Rs. 6,00,000 & Rs. 4,00,000 respectively sharing
profits and losses in the ratio 7:3. Firm earned a profit of Rs. 2,20,000 was distributed by the partners in their
capital ratio without providing for the following:
a. Interest on capital 10% p.a.
b. Salary to Ram Rs. 5,000 quarterly and to Shyam Rs. 2,500 per month.
c. Commission to Shyam Rs. 20,000 annually for his extra efforts.
Pass the single adjustment entry to rectify the errors.
Q10.A & B were partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio 3:2. As on 31" March, 2024 their
balance sheet was as follows:
Liabilities Amount Assets Amount
Capital: Fixed Assets 4,00,000
 A 3,00,000 Current Assets 1,30,000
B 2,00,000 A’s Drawings 10,000
P&L Appropriation(2023-24) 40,000
5,40,000 5,40,000
During the year A withdrew Rs. 15.000 at the end of every quarter whereas B withdrew Rs. 30,000 during
the year. Firm earned a profit of Rs. 90,000 for the year ended 31 March 2024. Calculate Interest on capital
@ 10% p.a. of A & B for the year ended 31 March 2024.
ECONOMICS
Q1. Multiple choice questions
1. With the introduction of money:

(a) Acts of sale and purchase have been separated

(b) Acts of exchange have been separated
(c) Acts of production and consumption have been separated
(d) Both (b) and (c)

2. Money that is issued by the authority of the government is called:

(a) Full bodied money

(b) Credit money
(c) Fiat money
(d) Fiduciary money

3. With an increase in market rate of interest, cost of credit:

(a) Decreases
(b) Increases
(c) Remains constant
(d) None of these

4. Which of the following is the function of central bank of the country?

(a) Bank of note-issuing

(b) Lender's last resort
(c) Custodian of foreign exchange
(d) All of these

Q2.Assertion and Reasoning

In the following questions (1-5), a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of

Reason(R).Choose the correct alternative among those given below:

Alternatives:

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the current explanation of assertion(A)

(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion
(A)

(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false

(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true

1. Assertion (A): Recovery of loan by the government is a revenue receipt.
Reason (R): Disinvestment is a capital receipt of the government.

2. Assertion (A): Fiscal deficit is zero in case there is no provision for borrowing in the governmen budget
Reason (R): Higher revenue deficit always leads to higher fiscal deficit

3. Assertion (A): Expenditure on interest payment is a capital expenditure.

Reason (R): Expenditure on interest payment neither creates assets nor causes a reduction in liabilities for
the government.

4. Assertion (A): Primary deficit does not carry the load of interest payments on account of past loans.

Reason (R): Primary deficit only indicates borrowings when current year expenditure greater than current
year revenue.

Q3.Read the following case study carefully and answer the questions (i)-(ii) on the basis of the same:

The Reserve Bank of India has the sole right to issue bank notes in India. The bank notes are legal tender
guaranteed by the Central Government. The issue of bank note is conducted by a separate department called
issue department. The Central Government on the recommendation of Central Board specifies denomination
of bank notes including discontinuance of bank notes. The Central Government approves design, form and
material of bank notes on consideration of recommendations of the Central Board. The Reserve is
empowered to formulate banking policy in the interest of the public or depositors banking policy in relation
to advances and provide direction on the purpose of the advances, margins to be maintained in a secured
advances, the maximum amount of advance may be made, the rate of interest, terms and conditions for
advances or guarantees may be given.

(i) "RBI acts as a bankers' bank and performs a supervisory role as well." Comment.
(ii) Explain banker to the government function of RBI.

Q4.What was the two-fold motive behind the systematic de-industrialisation effected by the British in pre-
independent India?
5. Define money supply and explain its components.
6. How does money overcome the main problem of exchange in the barter system?Explain.
7. Explain the process of money creation by the commercial banks with the help of a numerical example.
8. How does change in margin requirements affect availability of credit in an economy? Explain briefly.
9. What is government budget? Explain its major components.
10. Discuss the concepts of: (i)balanced budget (ii)surplus budget
(iii) deficit budget

IPR
1. Write a short note on Operations on Rows and columns of Dataframe.

2. Explain with example following Mathematical operations on Series:

a. Add() b. Sub() c. Mul() d. Div()

3. Create below given dataframe (sale) and write the python code to perform following operations:
 a. Add the sales for year 2018 as 10000,20000,30000,40000,50000
b. Add new salesperson named as “Umang” and add the data as 200,3000,4000,45000,90000
c. Display the sales made by Umang in the year 2015 & 2018.
d. Change the name of Madhu as “Madhukar” and Kusum as “Kusumlata”.

4. Discuss the process of import and export of Data between CSV and DataFrame.

Applied Maths
Chapter -3 (Matrix)
3 −1 −1 −5
Q.1. If 2A+B =[ ] and B =[ ] then find the value of A.
2 4 0 0
1
Q.2 If A =[1,2,3] and B =[2] then find the value of (𝐴𝐵)′
3
−2 −1 1
Q.3. If𝐴 = [−1 7 4 ], is a symmetric matrix then determine A.
1 −𝑥 −3
2 0 1
 
Q.4 If A  2 1 3 then find the value of A2 – 5A + 6I.
1  1 0

2 −4 −2
Q.5 Express the matrix 𝐴 = [−1 4 3 ] as a sum of symmetric matrix and skew of symmetric
1 −3 2
matrix.
6 −7 0
4 2 −5
Q.6 If 𝐴 = [ ] and 𝐵 = [−1 2 5] then prove that (𝐴𝐵)𝑇 = 𝐵 𝑇 𝐴𝑇
1 0 3
1 0 2
𝑎 𝑏 1 0
Q.7 If B = [ ] Then prove that 𝐵 2 − (𝑎 + 𝑑)𝐵 = (𝑏𝑐 − 𝑎𝑑)𝐼, Where 𝐼2 = [ ].
𝑐 𝑑 0 1
Q.8 Solve the following equation system.
𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 3𝑧 = 6
2𝑥 + 4𝑦 + 𝑧 = 7
3𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 9𝑧 = 14
 49 1 6
Q.9. Find the value of the determinate |39 7 4|
10 2 1

1 𝑎 𝑏+𝑐
Q.10. Find the value of the determinate |1 𝑏 𝑐 + 𝑎|
1 𝑐 𝑎+𝑏

3 −7 13
Q.11. If 𝐴 = |5 0 0 | then find the value of det A.
0 11 2

−4 4 4 1 −1 1
Q.12. Find the product of matrices [−7 1 3 ]and [1 −2 −2] then with the help of it
5 −3 −1 2 1 3
solve the following system of linear equations.
𝑥−𝑦+𝑧 =4
𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 2𝑧 = 9
2𝑥 + 𝑦 + 3𝑧 = 1
−8 5
Q.13. If 𝐴 = [ ] then prove that 𝐴2 + 4𝐴 − 42𝐼 = 0 also find𝐴−1
2 4
1 −4 −16 −6
Q.14. If [ ]𝑋 = [ ] then find the matrix X.
3 −2 7 2
Psychology
Instructions:

1. Students are requested to prepare a case study file

2. The topic will be assigned by your subject teacher.
3. While making your case study file consider following headings:
I. Cover page (Title: psychology practical file case study on (your topic), Student’s
name, class, section, roll no. ,school name ,session ,subjects teacher’s name )
II. Certificate
III. Acknowledgement
IV. Index
V. Description of the main topic/theme (introduction of topic)
VI. Demographic information (name,age,gender,educational level, socioeconomic status
or any other relevant information )
VII. Exploring the topic through interview (Summary of interview which was
conducted)
 VIII. Analysis and discussion (Presenting problems, possible causes, impact on mental and
emotional health)
IX. Intervention / Suggestions ( ways to cope, how others can help)
X. Conclusions and Ethical Considerations (conclusion ,personal reflection , ethical
considerations )
XI. Bibliography
XII. Appendices (Attach the interview schedule and conducted interview schedule )

Subject: Physical Education

Instructions:

Make a file and do all the below holiday work in the file.

1. Mark all the MCQs in your book and do learn all the MCQs of chapter 3 and 6.

2. Do practice some asanas daily at home to cure /prevent lifestyle dieases such as Obesity,Hypertension,
Diabetes and Arthritis.

3. List all the the SAI Khelo India fitness test and explain any three test in the cagetory of 9-18 years.

4. List all the Rikli and Jones Senior Citizen fitness test.

5. Draw the following asans and write the benefits.

(a) Tadasan

(b) Katichakrasa

(c) Halasana

(d) Dhanurasana

NOTE:Do complete all the notes of Chapter 6 in your PHE notebook.