The document outlines the identification process for various electronic components including diodes, LEDs, transistors, resistors, and capacitors using a multimeter. It describes the characteristics and behaviors of each component under different biasing conditions. A step-by-step procedure is provided for differentiating between the components based on their terminal configurations and multimeter readings.
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Activity 1
The document outlines the identification process for various electronic components including diodes, LEDs, transistors, resistors, and capacitors using a multimeter. It describes the characteristics and behaviors of each component under different biasing conditions. A step-by-step procedure is provided for differentiating between the components based on their terminal configurations and multimeter readings.
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To identify odiede, an LED, a transistor, an JC, a resistor and a capacitor from a mired
collection of such: tern.
Apparates andt material
Apponatus: Multimeter
Material: Above mixed collection of ems
Theoty
or identification, pearance ancl working of cach item will have te be
considened
1 fl diode is a toe-terminal device. St condacts when forward biased and dees net
conduct when reverse biased. Stdees not emit ight while conducting. Hence, it
dees net glow
2 ALED light emitting diode) is alse a twe terminal device. ft also conducts when
forverd biased and docs not conduct when nevense biased emits light while
conducting. Hence, a glow
3. fl transistor is a three terminal deviee. The terminals represent emitter (Q), base
(B) end calecton (C)
4. Av MC (integrated cincuil is a. multicterminel device in forov of a chip. [See figure
(UM 3482 $C Tone Genenaton)]
5. A resistor is a to terminal device, Gt conducts when either forward biased or
reverse biased. (Snfact there is ne forwanal er reverse bias for a rcsistor. St
conducts even when operated with fC. voltage
6. A copaciten is alse «tw terminal device. Stdecs net conduct when ether forwrand
biased ov reverse biased. When e-copaciton is connected te a D.C. source, then
multimeter shows full scale canrent initially but tt decay to zero quickly. St is
because that initially « capacitor draws a change.
The components to be identified are shown in figuae Procedure
1. Jf the tem has four on mene terminals and has foam of achip, bis and lintegnated,
cineusth
2 df the item has thnee terminals, itis a Pransiston
3. Jf the item has tive terminals, may be diede, a LED, a nesiston ora capacitor
To differentiate proceed as ahead.
4. Pat the selection on resistance R of Multimeter for checking the continuity The
probe mafal ends are inserted in terminal marked on the Multimeter as commen
and P (on ve
Hf such thet the Wack ane is in commen and red probe isin P fon * ve). Qn touching the
tive ends of the device Yo the two other metal ends of probes.
1. df pointer moves when voltage is applied in ene way and does net move when
reversed and there is ne light emission, the items is a-diode,
2 df pointer moves when voage is applied in one way and dees net move when ne-
versed and there is light emission, the item is « LED.
3. df pointer moves when vollage is applied in one wey and also when reversed, the
item is a resistor 4. df pointer does net move when veltage is applied in one way andl alse when
reversed, the item: is a capacitor.
To use a multimeter to (a) identify base of a multimeter (b) distinguish between non and pop type transistors (c) see the unidirectional flow of current in case of a diode and an LED (d) check whether a given electronic component (ex- diode, transistor, or IC) is in working order
