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Asexual reproduction is a process where organisms reproduce without gametes, resulting in genetically identical offspring through methods like binary fission in prokaryotes and mitosis in eukaryotes. In contrast, sexual reproduction involves the fusion of gametes, leading to genetic variation through meiosis. Both reproduction types are crucial for growth, repair, and the continuation of species, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.

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20 views3 pages

Third

Asexual reproduction is a process where organisms reproduce without gametes, resulting in genetically identical offspring through methods like binary fission in prokaryotes and mitosis in eukaryotes. In contrast, sexual reproduction involves the fusion of gametes, leading to genetic variation through meiosis. Both reproduction types are crucial for growth, repair, and the continuation of species, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.

Uploaded by

Alexa Coi
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Asexual reproduction

Asexual reproduction: The process of reproduction in cells without joining gametes.

 No gametes (male sperm and female egg).


 Exact DNA as parent.
 Prokaryotic or eukaryotic organisms.

Processes of Asexual Reproduction


Binary fission is the process of cell division (asexual reproduction) in prokaryotic organisms by which the
parent cell divides into two genetically identical cells.

 Produces two identical cells in prokaryotes.

Mitosis is the process of cell division by which exact copies of chromosomes are divided to create two
daughter cells, each with a complete set of identical chromosomes.

 Has four steps (PMAT)


 Produces two identical cells in eukaryotes.

Importance to Living Organisms


Living organisms depend on asexual reproduction for life.

Growth: allows organisms to grow.

Repair: replaces damaged or dead cells.

Reproduction: creates new organisms.

Sexual Reproduction
Sexual reproduction is the process of joining gametes (an egg cell and a sperm cell) for reproduction

 Fertilization.
 Gametes.
 Genetic variation.
 Eukaryotic organisms.

Reproduction
Meiosis is the process involving two cell divisions, in which one diploid cell produces four haploid cells
with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

 The original cell is diploid or having two sets of chromosomes.


 The daughter cells are haploid or having one set of chromosomes.
 There are two cell divisions (PMAT I + PMAT II).
 It produces four haploid gametes.
Importance to Living Organisms
 Meiosis creates gametes, sperm, and egg cell, with 23 chromosomes.
 Offspring have genetic variation.
 Receive genes from both parents.
 Cross over.

Asexual and Sexual Reproduction Similarities


 Are important life.
 Produce new cells from preexisting cells.
 Have a specific process of cell division.

Asexual Reproduction
 No fertilization.
 No gametes.
 Exact DNA as parent.
 Prokaryotic or eukaryotic organisms.
 Binary fission for prokaryotes.
 Mitosis for eukaryotes.
 Important for reproduction, growth, and repair.

Sexual reproduction
 Fertilization.
 Gametes.
 Genetic variation.
 Only eukaryotic organisms.
 Gametes through meiosis.
 Important for reproduction.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Asexual Reproduction


Advantages
 Rapid reproduction.
 More offspring.
 Mate not needed.
 Clones beneficial to economy of agriculture.

Disadvantages
 Mutations affect the entire society of offspring.
 There’s no genetic variation; all offspring are identical to the parent.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Sexual Reproduction


Advantages
 Genetic variation.
 Not all mutations passed on.

Disadvantages
 Reproduces slowly.
 Is time and energy consuming.

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