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Common Cold

The common cold is a prevalent upper respiratory infection caused by over 200 viruses, leading to symptoms like a runny nose, sore throat, and cough. It spreads through direct and indirect contact, with no significant differences in incidence across genders or ethnicities, and is most common in winter. Treatment focuses on symptom relief with over-the-counter medications and hydration, while complications can include bronchitis and pneumonia.

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Harsh John Barik HJb
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6 views10 pages

Common Cold

The common cold is a prevalent upper respiratory infection caused by over 200 viruses, leading to symptoms like a runny nose, sore throat, and cough. It spreads through direct and indirect contact, with no significant differences in incidence across genders or ethnicities, and is most common in winter. Treatment focuses on symptom relief with over-the-counter medications and hydration, while complications can include bronchitis and pneumonia.

Uploaded by

Harsh John Barik HJb
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMMON COLD

PRESENTED BY
HARSH BARIK
TUTOR
INTRODUCTION
A cold is a common infection of upper respiratory tract that can be caused by over 200 different
viruses.
The common cold is one of the most common illness.
Cold is a mild viral infection of the nose, throat, sinus and upper airway.
It can cause a blocked nose followed by a runny nose, sneezing, a sore throat and a cough.
Each year there are more than a billion cases of the common cold can vary between individuals
and the specific type of virus causing the infection.
EPIDEMIOLOGY
There are no major gender or ethnicity differences in incidence.
Most infections occur in the winter period.
Children get 6 to 8 cold per year.
Adults get 4 to 6 colds per year.
SOURCE OF COMMON COLD
The list of types of common cold mentioned in various sources includes:
Rhinovirus-related colds – 30-35% of cold.
Corona virus – related colds.
Adenovirus.
Echovirus.
Enterovirus.
HOW DOES A COLD SPREAD
A cold can be spread through:
Direct contact- sneeze or cough, tiny droplets of fluid containing the cold virus are launched into
the air and can be breathed in by others.

Indirect Contact - Sneeze onto a door handle and someone else touches the handle a few
minutes later, they may catch the cold virus if they can touch their mouth or nose.
SIGN AND SYMPTOMS
Dry or sore throat.
Runny Nose.
Sneezing.
Headache.
Earache.
Slight fever and chills.
Coughing.
Feeling tired
COMPLICATIONS
Acute bacterial bronchitis.
Strep throat.
Pneumonia.
Ear infection.
D/E
Symptoms and a physical examination are all the doctor needs to diagnose the common cold.
Usually no blood test or X Ray are necessary.
During the physical examination pay careful attention to head, neck and chest.
Examine the eyes, ears, throat and chest to help determine if a bacterial source is causing the
illness.
TREATMENT
Over the counter cold and cough medicine may help ease symptoms in adults and older children.
Nasal decongestants :
Oxymetazoline
Phenylephrine.

Analgesics
Acetaminophen.
Ibuprofen.

Take plenty of fluids


Assignment

Write down nursing responsibilities for common cold.

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