References: Republic of the Philippines

COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF GINGOOG CITY

ATI RTC - CAR. Undated. Booklets on Mother Nature’s Verdant Motoomull Street, Barangay 22, Gingoog City
Combination Organic Concoctions for Health and Eco-friendly Farm, BSU ccgc.gingoog2018@gmail.com | ccgcagribusiness@gmail.com
Compound, La Trinidad, Benguet Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness
DA 10 – Undated. Booklet on Organikong Pamaagi sa Pagpanguma,
Cagayan de Oro City, Misamis Oriental

Preparation on
Organic Concoctions
For more information, visit or call Towards Organic Farming

Community College of Gingoog City

Motoomull Street, Barangay 22, Gingoog City
Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness

Email :ccgc.gingoog2018@gmail.com
ccgcagribusiness@gmail.com
INTRODUCTION Releasing of Worms

Modern agriculture or chemical farming has damaged our environment • Release 1 kg of worms per square
by contaminating our rivers, lakes, drinking water, and clouds forming meter
rain. These poisonous chemicals have killed not only insects but also fish, • Reproduction rate: 2-fold after 30
birds, useful beneficial insects, animals, microorganisms, and some days
Eisena foetida Phetima postuma
plants. However, these agricultural chemicals are killing humans too. • Avoid individual handling of worms
Without microorganisms, the soil will lack other micronutrients needed • Release a handful of materials rich in
by the human such as calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, selenium, worm clusters into the bed
manganese, vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin B6, Folecin, vitamin E,
potassium, etc. These are 23 elements needed for human health that
come from the soil.
Eudrilus euainae
On the other hand, Organic Farming is the production of crops and
livestock without utilizing synthetic chemicals and inorganic fertilizers. Care and Maintenance
Organic agriculture is healthy for the farmers who produce our foods, in • Watering is needed when
the environment because it avoids poisonous chemicals, for consumers necessary (but not too wet)
who eat the organic food. Organic Farming creates “Living Soil” full of life • Covering bedding with plastic
with microorganisms, fungi, worms, and living organisms, rich in macro sheet or banana leaves
and micro-elements, trace elements, and vital energy. Also, rich in • Practice proper feeding or organic
organic matter which is needed by plants. matter (for easier
reproduction/multiplication and to
Moreover, Organic Agriculture does not use pesticides. Because of this, avoid out-migration of worms)
the food produced is now called “Power Charged” foods. Organic foods
contain more phytochemicals that are called “Medicinal Foods.”
Scientists from the Department of Food Science and Technology of the Harvesting and Processing
University of California-Davis discovered that fruits and vegetables • Vermicompost can be harvested 30-
45 days after stocking with the
grown organically can reduce the risk of heart disease, cancer, and other
appearance of black granules on top
diseases (Journal of Food Chemistry 57(5), 2003). According to these
of the mound.
scientists, crops grown organically contain more polyphenolics than • Harvest on time to avoid loss due to
conventional crops possibly because they are not sprayed with any build-up waste and migration.
pesticides. • Use screen sift the vermicast or
separate earthworms manually
• Air dry your compost.

2 31
 VERMICOMPOSTING
WHY ORGANIC?

• Organic systems recognize that our health is directly connected to

Vermicomposting is the process of producing organic fertilizer the healthy food we consume. Going organic is not just food – it is a
(vermicompost) using agricultural wastes through the digestive action way of life. Do you know why more people are choosing organic?
of earthworms. It helps to avoid environmental pollution and • Many people think that organic food tastes much better.
the expenditure of resources to treat organic waste. Vermicompost
improves soil texture and enhances the water-holding capacity of the • Organic systems aim to avoid using synthetic fertilizers, pesticides,
and Insecticides.
soil.
• Organic food is produced without the routine use of synthetic
In selecting the site, the following must be considered: chemicals
• Proximity to source of materials
• Availability of water • Organic food is produced without using genetically modified
organisms (GMOs) which are prohibited in the Philippine National
• Flood free
Standards (PNS) for organic food and farming.
• Accessibility
• Organic systems reduce dependence on non-renewable sources.
Designed and Construction of Vermi Bed • Organic systems rely on modern and scientific understanding of
Ideal measurement: 5m x 2m x 0.2m (size and height vary depending ecology and soil science, while also depending on traditional methods
on the area available) of crop rotations to ensure fertility and weed and pest control.
• Hallow blocks, wood, or stones, can be used as walls. • Organic systems recognize that our health is directly connected to
• Protect against rain and direct sunlight the food we consume
• Converting organic is not just organic food – it’s a way of life.
Preparation of Bedding and Coarse Materials
• Sawdust, rice husk, coffee husk, shredded paper, or sacks may be • For farmers: Organic farming is safer for the farmers and
used as bedding the environment. Because of savings on external inputs and medical
• Finely chop organic materials such as crop residues, sawdust, expenses, organic production is more profitable not only in the short
grass/weeds, leaves of leguminous trees, and banana trunks, and term but also in the long term.
place them over the beddings. Add animal manure preferably from
cow, horse, rabbit, sheep, or goat. Kitchen waste could be included
except fats and oil, meat-chlorinated water, citrus, peeling, and the
like.
• Add a small amount of soil or sand for the worms to digest their
food.

30 3
 Botanical Pest Control
INDEGENOUS MICRO ORGANISM (IMO)
FUNGICIDAL PLANTS
• Revive soil nutrients
• Serves as foliar fertilizer Papaya (Carica papaya)
• Speeds up the growth of plants
• Speed up composting Parts to be used: Leaves
• Arrest foul odor and minimize flies proliferation in poultry and Mode of Preparation and Application
piggery houses ✓ Pound, soak in water, and use
• Additive for drinking water of livestock and pets. infusion as a spray
• Serve as probiotics to prevent diseases, pathogens, and
epidemic development in poultry and livestock thereby DISEASES CONTROLLED
reducing the use of biologics and antibiotics Cercospora Leaf mold, leaf spot, early
blight, frog-eye
 Diplodia Fruit and stem rot
How to make IMO

Place cooked/steamed rice, sweet potato, cassava, Garlic (Allium sativum)

or taro in a wooden box or perforated plastic tray
that is 8.5” x 11” x 3” or the length of a bamboo Parts to be used: Cloves
pole (sogong) open or split open on one side. Make Mode of Preparation and Application
sure there is enough moisture in the box. Fill half of the ✓ Chop finely, soak in 2 tablespoons of oil for one day then mix
container. Do not compress. with half a liter of soapy water and filter.
✓ Mix 1-part solution with 20 parts water, then spray.

Cover the box, tray, or bamboo with a DISEASES CONTROLLED

clean sheet of paper and tie it with string. Alternaria Fruit rot, early blight, purple
Label the box indicating when the concoction was blotch, leaf spot
prepared and the day expected to be harvested. Cercospora Leaf mold, leaf spot, early blight,
frog-eye
Colletotrichum leaf spot, anthracnose, fruit rot,
Cover and wrap with plastic to keep out smudge
rainwater, and it will protect from wild Curvularia Leaf spot, leaf blight
rats or small rodents that may interfere Diplodia Fruit and stem rot
with or destroy its contents. Pestalotia Leaf spot
Fusarium Damping-off, stem and root rot,
early blight
Helminthosporium Leaf blight

4 29
 Botanical Pest Control Bring boxes or collect molds from forest
floors, bamboo plantations, rice paddy,
FUNGICIDAL PLANTS banana, or coconut plantations.

Damong Maria (Artemisia vulgaris)

In 3-5 days, take the
Parts to be used: Leaves rice along with the white molds that
Mode of Preparation and Application formed on top of it.
✓ Extract juice and use as a spray Disregard the black molds.
at a rate of 2—5 tablespoon
juice per liter of water. Place in an earthen jar the moldy rice and
mix with 1 kilo of molasses or crude
DISEASES CONTROLLED
Altenaria Fruit rot, early blight, sugar.
purple blotch, leaf spot

Sambong (Blumea balsamifera) Cover the jar with a clean sheet of

paper and tie it with a string.
Parts to be used: Leaves Place in a cool and shaded place.
Mode of Preparation and Application After 7 days this will yield a mud-
✓ Extract juice of 1 kg leaves, then mix like juice.
juice with 3 tablespoon juice per liter of
water.

DISEASES CONTROLLED
Cercospora Leafmold, leaf spot,
early blight, frog-eye

Lagundi (Vitex negundo)
How to use the Indigenous Micro Organism (IMO)
Parts to be used: Leaves
Mode of Preparation and Application
✓ Extract juice of 1 kg leaves, then • Mix 2 tbsp of the juice with 1 liter of water.
mix the juice with 3 liters of water • Spray on soil and plants.
and use as a spray. 
Note: Spray as early as 4:00 AM to 6:00 AM or at 5:00 PM until
DISEASES CONTROLLED sunset when organisms are most active.
Cercospora Leafmold, leaf spot,
early blight, frog-eye

28 5
 Botanical Pest Control
ORIENTAL HERBAL NUTRIENT (OHN)
FUNGICIDAL PLANTS

✓ Natural pest repellant, and an important input in natural farming. Sensitive plant (Mimosa pudica)
✓ It can be used from vegetative until fruiting (reproductive stages)
of the plant. Parts to be used: Leaves
✓ Used for treatment of fungal problems of plants such as downy Mode of Preparation and Application
mildew, or powdery mildew.
✓ Helps develop the immune system and is used as a natural antibiotic ✓ Pound the whole plant, soak it in
for livestock. water, and use the infusion as
a spray
Ingredients/Materials:
✓ 3 kilos peeled & chopped ginger (1 kg), DISEASES CONTROLLED
garlic (1 kg), and bulb onions (1 kg) Diplodia Fruit and stem rot
✓ 3 kg muscovado sugar or crude sugar
✓ 1.5 L of 20-40 proof gin/liquor or Kakawate (Gliricidia sepium)
homemade vinegar
✓ Ceramic or glass jar Parts to be used: Rhizomes
Mode of Preparation and Application
How to make the OHN ✓ Extract juice of 1kg leaves, then mix
 the juice with 3 liters of water and use as
 a spray
Mix peeled and chopped ginger, garlic,
and bulb onions and put in a ceramic DISEASES CONTROLLED
or glass jar. Add 3 kilograms of muscovado/ Cercospora Leaf mold, leaf spot, early blight, frog-eye
crude sugar and 1.5 liters of 20-40 proof
gin/liquor or homemade vinegar. Ginger (Zingiber officinale)
Parts to be used: Rhizomes

Mode of Preparation and Application

✓ Extract juice and use as a spray
Cover and seal the ceramic or glass jar. Label
the cover with the name, date prepared, and DISEASES CONTROLLED Mayana (Coleus scutellariodes)
harvest date (extraction). Ferment for 7 to 10 days. Cercospora Leaf mold, leaf spot,
early blight, frog-eye Parts to be used: Leaves
Mode of Preparation and Application
Extract juice of 1kg leaves, then
mix the juice with 3 liters of water
and use as a spray.

DISEASES CONTROLLED
Cercospora Leafmold, leaf
spot,early blight, frog-eye

6 27
 Botanical Pest Control
After 7-10 days, extract the liquid and
FUNGICIDAL PLANTS place it in a separate container.
✓ This can be used for humans,
Bunlao plants, and animals.
(Gendarussa vulgaris) ✓ For plant use, you can add fresh and dry
Parts to be used: Leaves OHN chili, neem fruit, makabuhay, and marigolds to
Mode of Preparation and Application
make it more potent/effective.
✓ Extract juice of 1kg leaves, then mix the juice with
3 liters of water and use as a spray.

DISEASES CONTROLLED After extraction, add the same weight of

Colletotrichum leaf spot, anthracnose, fruit ingredients and let it ferment again for 7-10 days
rot, smudge before extraction. Discard ingredients after
Altenaria Fruit rot, early blight, purple blotch, leaf spot the second extraction.
Mana
(Jatropha multifida)
Parts to be used: Leaves
Mode of Preparation and Application
✓ Extract juice of 1 kg leaves, then mix juice with 3
liters of water and use as a spray.
How to use the OHN
DISEASES CONTROLLED
✓ Mix 2 tbsp of OHN to 1 liter of water and spray mixture
Diplodia Fruit and stem rot
Fusarium Damping-off, stem and root rot, early blight, into leaves or soil.
wilt, curly top ✓ Add to the IMO and FPJ mixture and spray together on
the leaves and soil every week when they weaken or
start to flower.
Acapulco ✓ Use as natural anti-biotic for plants and animals.
(Cassia alata) ✓ Treatment for fungal problems of plants: downy mildew
Parts to be used: Leaves and powdery mildew. Garlic has high level of sulfur
Mode of Preparation and Application which is a good fungicide.
✓ Extract juice and spray at a rate of 1 cup ✓ Spray to plant leaves to fortify phyllosphere microbes.
of juice per liter of water. ✓ Spray every 3-7 days.
DISEASES CONTROLLED
✓ On humans: used as a remedy for rheumatism,
Alternaria Fruit rot, early blight, purple blotch, leaf spot coughs, fever and flu.
Cercospora Leaf mold, leaf spot, early blight, frog-eye
Colletotrichum leaf spot, anthracnose, fruit rot, smudge
Curvularia Leaf spot, leaf blight Note: Spray early in the morning at 4:00AM to 6:00AM or in the afternoon at
Diplodia Fruit and stem rot 5:00PM until sunset when organisms are most active. 
Fusarium Damping-off, stem and root rot, early blight
Pestalotia Leaf blight, Leaf spot
Helminthosporium Wilt, curly top, leaf blight

26 7
 CalPhos (Eggshell and Edible Shells) FUNGICIDAL PLANTS

✓ Helps in flowers and fruit setting and development Kamantigi (Impatiens balsamina)
✓ Prevents overgrowth and promote sweetening of fruits
✓ Helps maintain chemical balance in the soil, reduces soil Parts to be used: Leaves
salinity, and improves water penetration Mode of Preparation and Application
 Extract juice of 1kg leaves, then mix
 the juice with 3 liters of water and use as
How to make the CalPhos a spray.

DISEASES CONTROLLED
Crush eggshells finely. Cercospora Leafmold, leaf spot, early
blight, frog-eye
Altenaria Fruit rot, early blight, purple
blotch, leaf spot

Pan-fry the eggshells until reddish Drumstick/Horseradish (Moringa oleifera)

brown, and set aside to cool. Parts to be used: Leaves
Mode of Preparation and Application
 Extract juice of 1kg leaves,
then mix juice with 3 liters of
Put 2 - 3 tablespoons of fried eggshell in water and spray.
1 Liter of homemade coconut or
sugarcane vinegar. DISEASES CONTROLLED
Colletotrichum leaf spot,
anthracnose, fruit rot, smudge
Pestalotia Leaf spot
Wait until the tiny bubbles disappear. Diplodia Fruit and stem rot
Transfer the mixture to a separate Altenaria Fruit rot, early blight, purple blotch, leaf spot
container. Cover, label, and ferment for 30
days in a cool, dark place. Takip-Kuhol (Centella asiatica) leaves
Parts to be used: Leaves
After 30 days, filter the mixture and discard solid contents. Mode of Preparation and Application
Transfer the liquid to an airtight container and store it in a cool Extract juice of 1 kg leaves, then mix juice
with 3 liters of water and use as a spray.
dry place away from direct sunlight.
DISEASES CONTROLLED
How to use the CAPhos Fusarium Fruit rot, early blight, purple blotch,
 leaf spot
Apply using 2 tbsp to 1 liter of water Colletotrichum Leaf spot, leaf blight
Apply directly to the plants or soil/ground
Spray on leaves during fruit setting up to a week before harvesting.
Add seawater or OHN for better taste and aroma of the fruits.
Spray/Apply every 3-7 days Botanical Pest Control

8 25
 Botanical Pest Control

FUNGICIDAL PLANTS CalPhos (Animal Bone)

 Induces flowering and prevents excessive flower production
that results in smaller fruits.
 Increases calcium factor on roots and leaves for older plants.
 Can be used as feed to animals during pregnancy or breeding
time at 200 times dilution.
 As a soil amendment/conditioner, it helps maintain chemical
Red Onion (Allium cepa)
balance in the soil, reduces soil salinity, and improves water
Parts to be used: Bulb Amaranth (Amaranthus gracilis) penetration.
Mode of Preparation and Application
Chop finely, soak in two teaspoons of Parts to be used: Leaves How to make the CalPhos
oil for 1 day, then mix with half a liter of Mode of Preparation and Application
soapy water and filter. Extract juice of 1kg leaves, then mix Boil animal bones, preferably cow
Mix 1-part solution with 20 parts juice with 3 liters of water and spray. bones, to separate meat and fat.
water, then spray.
DISEASES CONTROLLED
DISEASES CONTROLLED Cercospora - Leafmold, leaf spot,
Cercospora - Leafmold, leaf spot, early
Burn the
early blight, frog-eye
blight, frog-eye Colletotrichum - leaf spot, bone until charcoal.
Colletotrichum - leaf spot, anthracnose, anthracnose, fruit rot, smudge
fruit rot, smudge Curvularia - Leaf spot, leaf blight
Curvularia - Leaf spot, leaf Pestalotia - Leaf spot Pulverized the bone. Add 2 to 3
blight Altenaria - Fruit rot, early blight, tablespoons of pulverized bone in a 1-
Fusarium - Damping-off, stem and root purple blotch, leaf spot liter container of pure coconut or
rot, early blight, wilt, curly top Helminthosporium - Leaf blight
sugarcane vinegar or any homemade CalPhos
Pestalotia -Leaf spot
Helminthosporium- Leaf blight vinegar. Cover (do not airtight)
Animal Bone
and ferment for 30 days.

Strain the preparation and put

Ipil-Ipil (Leucaena leucocephala) it in bottles.
Parts to be used: Leaves
Mode of Preparation and Application
Pound, soak in small amount of water and use.
Infusion as spray

DISEASES CONTROLLED How to use the CAPhos

Colletotrichum leaf spot, anthracnose, fruit rot, smudge 
Curvularia Leaf spot, leaf blight Apply using 2 tbsp to 1 liter of water
Pestalotia Leaf spot Apply directly to the plants or soil/ground
Helminthosporium Leaf blight
Spray on leaves during fruit setting up to a week before harvesting.
Alternaria Fruit rot, early blight, purple blotch, leaf
spot Add seawater or OHN for better taste and aroma of the fruits.
Cercospora Leafmold, leaf spot, early blight, frog-eye Spray/Apply every 3-7 days

24 9
 Botanical Pest Control
LACTIC ACID BATERIA SERUM (LABS)
INSECTICIDAL PLANTS

 Converts waste into organic matter and basic materials. I
 Preventing the growth of harmful or pathogenic bacteria and
improving the immune system.
 Contains antioxidants.

How to make the Lactic Acid Bacteria Serum (LABS)

Custard Apple/Anonas
Collect the first rice wash and place it in a jar. Cover Trumpet Lily
(Annona reticulata)
with a clean sheet of paper, tie it, and place the (Lilium longiflorum)
container in a shaded area for seven days. Parts to be used: Leaves and
Parts to be used: Seeds udeveloped flower
Mode of Preparation and Mode of Preparation and
Application Application
Chopped thinly, mix with Pound, extract juice, and spray at
After seven days, it will develop a sour smell and will form three layers: water (ratio 1:1), and leave the a rate of 24 tbsp per 16L of water.
1. Floating compound-rice brans; mixture for 12-24 hrs. Strain Target Insect: Diamondback moth,
2. Clear - Lactic Acid Serum (LAS); and spray. Hoppers, Caterpillars
Target Insect: Rice pests, fruit
3. Starch. Extract the clear (middle) layer only using a siphon.
fly repellent and oviposition
deterrent

Neem Tree/Mangulinao
Sugar Apple/Atis (Azadirachta indica)
(Annona Squamosa)
Rice bran Parts to be used: Leaves, fruits &
Parts to be used: Seeds seeds
Lactic Acid Serum Mode of Preparation and Mode of Preparation and
Application Application
(LAS) Chopped thinly, mixt with water Pound leaves, fruits, and seeds,
(ratio 1:1) leave mixture for 12-24 mixed with a small amount of
Starch hrs. Strain and spray. water. Extract the concoction and
use it as spray.
Target Insect: Diamondback moth, Powdered dried leaves and seeds
Cabbage Aphid, Green Scale, Cotton to be used for dusting infested
Stainer, White-backed Planthopper, plants.
Common Cutworm, Sawtooth Grain Target Insect: Migratory Locust,
Beetle. Hairy Caterpillar, Tobacco Corn earworm, Yellow stem borer,
Caterpillar Rice green leafhopper, Cabbage
White butterfly, brown planthopper
Botanical Pest Control Botanical Pest Control

INSECTICIDAL PLANTS
10 23
INSECTICIDAL PLANTS
 Botanical Pest Control
Secondary culture: Mix 1 part clear liquid LAS with 10 parts of
INSECTICIDAL PLANTS fresh milk. Place rice brans evenly on top of the milk to keep it
in an anaerobic stage. Do not stir.

In 5 to 7 days, carbohydrates, protein,

and fat will float leaving yellow liquid
(serum) or whey which contains lactic
Black Pepper (Paminta) Madre de Cacao/Kakawate acid bacteria (LAB).
(Piper nigrum) (Gliricidia sepium)
Parts to be used: Seeds Parts to be used: Leaves and Barks
Mode of Preparation and Application Cheese-like material rises. Fat,
Mode of Preparation and Application
Pulverize seeds, mix with water and Chopped thinly the leaves and bark, mix protein and carbohydrates will float
spray. with water at a ratio of 1:1 leave the
Powdered seeds, spread around stored mixture for 12-24 hrs. Strain and spray.
grains. LABS (light yellow or whey)
Target Pest: Diamondback moth, Cotton Target Pests: Planthoppers, Cutworm,
stainer, Common cutworms, Corn weevil Caseworm, Diamondback moth Botanical
Botanical Pest Control Pest Control Extract by siphoning only the yellow liquid
and add crude sugar for preservation or
INSECTICIDAL PLANTS INSECTICIDAL PLANTS the same amount of LAS. Keep in a clean
cool dry place. The whole process should
LABS take place at room temperature.
Carrots (Daucus carota) Tomato (Lycopersicum esculemtum)
Parts to be used: Roots and tubers Parts to be used: Any parts of the plant
Mode of Preparation and Application Mode of Preparation and Application
Pound roots and tubers, Soak in Pound fruits, leaves, and stems to
water. Extract the concoction and use extract juice. Spray at a rate of 1 part
it as a spray juice to 3 to 5 parts water.
Target Pests: Beetles, Aphids,
Target Pest: Planthopper Botanical Caterpillars Botanical Pest
Pest Control Control How to use the LABS

 Mix 2 tbsp of LABS to 1 liter of water. Spray to soil and
INSECTICIDAL PLANTS INSECTICIDAL PLANTS compost to build up colonies of good microorganisms every
3-7 days.
 Use 2-4 tbsp per gallon of water or add to water and feed for
Kalingag (Cinnamoni mercadoi) Philippine Chili animals.
Parts to be used: Leaves, back and (Cupsicum frutescens)
fruits Parts to be used: Fruits
Mode of Preparation and Application Mode of Preparation and Application Note: Spray as early as 4:00 AM to 6:00 AM or late in the afternoon
Oil extract from leaves, bark and Pound, extract juice, and spray at from 5:00 PM until sunset when organisms are most active.
fruit. Mix 2 tbsp with 1L of water and the rate of 2 to 3 tbsp per liter of water.
spray. Target Pest: Rice moth, aphids, and
Target Pest: Fruit fly, weevil, beetle other insects in larval stage
Botanical Pest Control Botanical Pest Control

INSECTICIDAL PLANTS 22 INSECTICIDAL PLANTS 11

 Botanical Pest Control
FERMENTED PLANT JUICE (FPJ)
INSECTICIDAL PLANTS
 Helps maintain vigor in plants and resistance against pests.
 Can be sprayed on pig pens and poultry houses to minimize
odor.

How to make the concoction
Damong Maria Lantana
(Artemisia vulgaris) (Lantana camara)
Use any vegetable shoots such as kangkong, Parts to be used: Leaves Parts to be used: Leaves
camote, squash, alugbati tops, and other Mode of Preparation and Application Mode of Preparation and Application
edible plants. Young bamboo shoots, banana Pound, extract juice, and spray Pound, extract juice and spray
stems, and duckweed or azola can also be at a rate of 24 tablespoons per 16L at a rate of 24 tablespoon per 16L of
used. Cut young banana trunk (cardava) before of water. water.
Target Pest: Corn borer Target Pest: Corn borer
sunrise and avoid collecting after excessive
rain. Immature (newly developed) fruits can
also be used.

Finely chop 1 kilo from the plants

gathered. Tubli (Derris elliptica) Wild Sunflower
Parts to be used: Roots, Leaves and (Tithonia diversifolia)
Bark Parts to be used: Leaves
Mode of Preparation and Application
For extracted juice: Spray at a rate
Mode of Preparation and Application
of 5 cups of juice per gallon of water. Pound, extract juice and spray
For powder: Mix with detergent and at a rate of 1 part juice per 3 to 5
spray at a rate of 120 grams of powder + parts of water.
250 to 300 grams of detergent per gallon
Place it in a container and mix in 1 kilo of water. Target Pests: Diamondback moth
of muscovado or crude sugar. Target Pest: Diamondback moth and Hoppers

Marigold (Tagetes erecta) Makabuhay (Tinospora rumphii)

Parts to be used: Roots and Leaves Parts to be used: Vines
Mode of Preparation and Application Mode of Preparation and Application
Pound, extract juice, and spray at a rate Pound, extract juice and spray at a rate
of 24 tablespoons of juice per liter of water. of 15-20 tablespoon juice per 5 gallons of
Target Pests: Rice green leafhopper, water.
diamondback moth, brown planthoppers, Target Pests: Diamondback moth, Rice-
black bean aphid green leafhopper

12 21
 Botanical Extract Preparation for Insect Pest Control
Cover with a clean sheet of paper,
HOT PEPPER and LEMON GRASS EXTRACT label with its name, date prepared
❖ Hot pepper and lemon grass extracts are
and date of harvest/extraction.
good to control aphids, thrips, and other Ferment for 7-10 days in a cool dark
sucking insects. Also, it affects the place (avoid direct sunlight)
digestive system of insect larvae and
adults.
1/3 empty
Materials and Ingredients
After 7-10 days, strain and transfer the
1 kg hot pepper or siling labuyo solution to a clean container. Always
1 kg lemon grass (preferably stems) leave about 1/3 of the bottle empty to
3 liters tap water
enable microorganisms to breathe.
Blender or mortar and Pestle
Coco-cloth or Flour cloth

How to prepare Botanical Insecticide

Pound or blend hot pepper then add 1L of tap water.
Extract the juice using a coco cloth or flour cloth. Do
not discard yet the pounded hot pepper. Instead, put How to use the concoction
this back in a container then add another liter of tap 
water. Repeat the extraction process then add  Apply using 2 tbsp of FPJ per liter of water.
the second extract to the first.  Apply directly to the leaves of plants before sunrise
or two hours before sunset every 3-7 days.
Chop lemon grass finely (about 0.2 to 0.5 inch). Place 1  If prepared cleanly, FPJ should have a pleasant
kilo of chopped lemongrass in a blender, add 1 liter smell and sweet, tangy taste.
of water, and blend. Extract the juice using a coconut  Use within 6 months from the production date.
cloth or flour cloth.
Points to Remember
Thoroughly mix the hot pepper extract and the lemon  Do not tighten the bottle lid for 2 weeks to allow
grass extract. This can be used within 15 - 30 days. gasses to escape and avoid explosion.
Refrigerate the mixture to prolong its usable life for
another month.  Wait till tiny bubbles disappear before closing the
cover tightly. If you observed undissolved sugar at
the bottom, it means the fermentation did not take
Dosage, Application, and Utilization place. Extend for another day and add a little water
Add 0.5 liter of the hot pepper and lemon grass mixture to to reactivate it.
16-20 liter of water. 
You may add 1 sachet (20ml) of pride to the solution as
sticker. 
Spray on the leaves or on the soil every after 3-7 days. 

20 13
 Botanical Extract Preparation for Insect Pest Control
FERMENTED FRUIT JUICE (FFJ)
 GINGER or TURMERIC EXTRACT
 Sweeten the fruit (Potassium). 
 Helps maintain vigor in plants and resistance against pests. Ginger or turmeric extract is used to control insect pests and
 Increases plant nutrition through leaves and roots with diseases. The insect pest will dehydrate when it comes in contact with
potassium factor. the extract.
 Promotes build-up of good colonies of microorganisms thereby
contributing to soil fertility
 Materials and Ingredients
How to make the FFJ 1 kg Ginger or Turmeric
2 liters of Tap Water
Blender or Mortar and Pestle
Prepare 1 kilo of ripe
fruits and 1 kilo How to make the Botanical Insecticide
of crude (brown 
sugar/molasses or Wash, peel, and chop or slice 1
muscovado sugar). kg ginger or turmeric
Utilizing citrus fruits is
not recommended
because of their acidic nature

Place the chopped ginger or

Peel the fruits and remove seeds if turmeric in the blender and add 2
any. Finely slice or mash fruits and liters of tap water. Blend and extract
place in a container with a ratio of 1- the juice using coco-cloth or flour cloth
part fruit to 1 part crude sugar or
muscovado sugar then mix Store at room temperature for 10-15
thoroughly. It is best to prepare in days. Refrigerated extracts can last
the evening to prevent flying insects. for 2 months.

Cover with a clean sheet of paper. Tie

with a string and label indicating the date Dosage, Application, and Utilization
it was prepared. Ferment for 7-10 days in
Spray on leaves of plants at a ratio of 1 liter of ginger or
a cool shaded place.
turmeric with 1 gallon of water or 4 liters of tap water
every 3-7 days.

14 19
 Botanical Extract Preparation for Insect Pest Control
This will make approximately 1.5
TOMATO PLANT EXTRACT liters of juice. Drain the liquid and 1/3
 place it in bottles, always leave empty
Used to control about 1/3 of the bottle empty so
various insects and pests microorganisms can breathe. FFJ
such as beetles, FFJ
caterpillars, and aphids 

Materials and Ingredients







Dosage, Application, and Utilization
 
How to make the Botanical Insecticide Mix 2 tbsp of FFJ to 1L of water, spray on the leaves
of plants or the soil every 3-7 days. 
Chop tomato plants (leaves and stems) finely. On Rice: from panicle initiation until a week before
Preferably, tomato plants at vegetative state or harvesting 
those that have not bear fruit yet. On Corn: as soon as tassels appear until a week
before harvesting 
on Banana: as soon as blossoming starts until a week
Put 1 part chopped tomato plant in a pot and before harvesting 
add 1 part tap water. Simmer the mixture for On animals: Mix 2 tablespoons of the juice to 1 liter of
5 minutes. water. This is also good for human consumption. 

Use FFJ to reduce latrine smell. Use 3 spoons per
10 liters of water while cleaning. Pour 2-4 spoons directly
Let the boiled mixture cool down and down the toilet to help the septic system.
extract the juice using a strainer 
Note: Spray early at 4:00 AM to 6:00 AM or at 5:00 PM until sunset
when organisms are most active. 

Dosage, Application, and Utilization

Spray on leaves of plants at a ratio of 1 liter tomato plant
extract with 5 liters of tap water every 3-7 days.
Tomato plant extract can be combined or mixed with native
ginger extract or hot pepper and lemon grass extract.

18 15
 FISH AMINO ACID (FAA) NATURAL INSECT ATTRACTANT for FLYING
Good source of nitrogen. It contains abundant amounts of nutrients INSECT and BUTTERFLIES
for plant growth and development.
✓ Elimination of flying insects
How to make the Botanical Insecticide
Boil 1 gallon of coconut vinegar or coconut wine
(tuba) mixed with 1/2 kg of crude sugar. Cool and
Chop 1 kilo of fish including the bones, add 1/3 liter of FPJ concentrate.
gills, guts, scales, and
tails. Place in an earthen jar Put some of the mixture in containers and hang
or pot. to fruit-bearing trees.
Snail or Kuhol can also be
used. Wash then crush and
place in the container
INSECT ARE ALCOHOLICS
Add 1 kilo of molasses or muscovado
sugar. Insects are attracted, come
by and have a drink, gets
drunk, fall and die

Cover and keep in a cool place or shaded area. Dead Insect/s cannot
Label the cover with its name (FAA), date multiply
prepared, and harvest date (extraction).

Extract liquid after 10 to 15 days and transfer Put some of the mixture and
it into clean bottles. Wait till tiny bubbles hang it on vegetable trellises.
disappear before sealing the cover and
storing it. Always leave about 1/3 of the bottle
empty so microorganisms can breathe.
Put some of the mixture in a container and
place near vegetable plots
How to use Fish Amino Acid (FAA)

 For foliar spray, use 2 tbsp of FAA to 1 liter of water.

 Spray every 7 days on newly planted seedlings until
fruiting stage.
 Spray on the leaves or on the soil.

Note: Spray early at 4:00 AM to 6:00 AM or at 5:00 PM until sunset
when organisms are most active.

17