STUDY OF coMPoUND MuROSconE =a ae TS mr on Ha re Sek Ym the sof he Opa We Ove eo Wes Sesto a esto aust the eee, ghost lominaon Seat ca beat ie can ‘ pe EVANT QUESTIONS RELATED TO EXPERIMENT inested ne expan moses? 1) wre pee coop? Be pn rsen? 3 a hme serge NA and ota deters nmr 1 Mr edo tate dn he carpous sosops) ve eo goer of Stands ength How much nd hy? 1 yh rmerien object ns? 2) a yu mut aa whe ang eo recon ts? Bens eugene au ae cae ere oxen? eerie es co obec lan as oto pret pore? 1 re rc’ porto = lef cv owe’ a ghost ners ws? 1 a re car be ved trong te eo! under! even ns (2, Nar seal frmeroon a) ised? 13 ecm of reves tote inert te se? al dd semen ore ae ene fel wurst ce? Ln ee srodowein ihe fide tw ano eon sho rover? tau th cee oo aahners done fie age lam olrnean cee? esiNo} Yesmo (es/No)A # aa PRACTICAL RECORD BOOK OF HAEMATOLOGYiis reve Con eptical components. + center tne conclenaer Lue fine focus ALOUdtey. armour)1 auuevawrauest [non ntmaa mlg racfNob 1 Wen yoomeensy aon af moms oe? ee abate mgm et Nawses SaTeH [a Ora oe uteers cabo Wa Comes ce a pew rch ey azomrs ab RC bel ne) BL aha rn aide aay ne Hakearocarb 1 a cect ace fc a an bye mg ee?COLLECTION F810 SE Jnvit swab end allow it to dry 1 Abas en ng of tha bl with te soc ela | 3 Ree ears or | a eee sould be pushed int i fg no NTS INS RELATED TO EXPERIME! NT QUESTION enev may hemolysis the RECs, i ec ing wee xd of aseptic precaution’ fv tr Te [4] Appar {gia suse of tourniquet? ive oar oagulant. amg ilerertantcceguen, 18 Give re reechanism of ation of Anticoagt mw ing blood samples and why? ois preferred for taking ane te proremutes or lection of heed? {a} Wretare noe Ty 20m Lhe mn ingiy of On ofTh mecantio gy e018 & = SDA att byPRACTICAL RECORD BOOK OF HAEMATOLOGY PRINCIPLE version of known volume of bood into acid hematin ond subsequently com | = PROCEDURE [1] Take N/10 HCI into hemoglobin tube up to the ea 2gm/dL) and place it in the | Comparator ty) Be ET Vemamuentesriiciidins ao 3 [4] Wipe of the tip ofthe pete to eves excess blood. Do rot use coten swabitr paper to remo ® [7] Mix blood and N/10 HCL with the help of stirrer and wait for 10 min, NORMAL VALUES - Pati gente ai 2 Anya edo * Adults - Male - 14-18gm ‘(avg - 16. Sgn %) £ Female -12-15.5m% (avg - 14gm96) 7 = es * OBSERVATIONS: D ee CoLounedt Obaavedl Rady i am + sulginy goseker than compasator fe igs : + Motshedt ae * ddghter than the compaxator 145 » REsuuT: > The estimated Hoerrogd ‘bin tr ry booed ts 13.5 9m (a0,Make a bold prick to alow free flow of blood. «| Do not squeeze the finger to collect blood, otherwise tissue fluid might come out giving rise to error inthe Ho values. «Wipe out the blood present on the tip of the pipatts to avoid orror in the values. Minimum quantity of N/10 HCL upto 10% is required to convert Hb into acid heematin tf necessary, more ‘amount of N10 HCL can be takéninot more thar 20%). +The acetblood mixture must be kept for at least 10,min before dilution to complete the conversion of Hi into ‘cid haematin. + Distilled water should be added drop by drop and the colour of the acid haematin solution should be checked frequently to prevant overdilution. OSPE wud {ERCISE -Take the!N J 10 Hel and biood simple in Haemoglobiriomater tube for Hb éstimation. -CKUST hecks forthe cleanliness of the apparatus. |) WesyNo} ates N/I0 HCL in haemoglobinometer tube up to its lowest marki10% or 2 amid.) (esiNo} 20uL of blood sample into the pipette without anyieir bubbles, (es/No} (Wes/No} (Wes/No) oes of any bload which adhares to tha tip of the pipate. Piss the pipatte several times by drawing the N/IOHCL into the tube. RELEVANT QUESTIONS RELATED TO EXPERIMENT. a ‘What is the underlying principle of the experiment? > 2 Now ute experiment be acted more res tien he raqledambunt of W/0 Hai taken inthe Pe {5 Con we ue in place of N/IOHel, any others strong agent ci alkal for haemotysing the ABCs? bi Vey dial ‘the tip of the pipette be wiped before transferring blood from pipette into the N/10 HC! in tt 11 Wye sorbent eri ot use for ating the ee t9 20 me arf or los = sued ne pet (8. hy noossary to alow tho soto to stand oy 10 minutes befor sion? 17 Can ap weter bo use for dion purpesa insted of te dite water? 2h Baring kor ating, ny ist nprtnt othe tier above he slution but not comet 19 Fore {81 For comparing tne colo, why ist necessary to convert haemociabin nto Aeld Hematn? ay "91 Out of the two scales provided on the graduetion engraved en haemogiobinometer tube, wher ny Betered and ty {iy} Gua enormal eng of values of haomogatin na] Whetis the cygan carving capacity of te blood? Gh its igifeance 134) He. iat do you understand by 100% saturation of haemoglobin with oxygen? ta] aw muchis the ton cortentn gr of heemegiesin? tral Quantga te other methods of estimation of haamogloin? {13th Sahi's ace earnztn method is ioss accurate tan other met ods used fr estmation of hornaalobin?soe tenegaom ele rar tren esr, ‘Stree a hs and iy?(a DPRACTIAL RECORD BOOK OF HAEMATOLOGY ©RATE CORD BOOK OF ENATOIDGE itto dy, {31 Cian left ring finger with spirit, Allow i 1 ese la tw gar wh cee neo [5] Suck the od inthe peta up to mark OS, [6] Clean the tp ofthe pipete on is external surface, {71 Suok the itutng fui fl the highest mark ofthe pipette [8] Mix the biood and diuting fluid oy ony rotating the pip [9] Wait for spocitiod time (2 minutes) [10] Discard the inital 2-4 drops (or up to the mark-1) [11] Mix the contents ofthe bulb before charging. sslientbtsig or iecee mh B.C, Pipette 11) | botween the palms, horizontally, a 1@ pipette 5° near the edge of the cover slip, a El Kg pe i a ae a a 113) Gasce Tor tho even dstibution of the calls and unitormity of fluid in the counting area. a tte) Goon the perder ool in aporoprate square under the appropriate magnification [16] Enter the obsarvations in the observation table, 117] Do necessary esloulations. PRECAUTIONS Ai the things requiec for counting the blood cells shoud be at hand. {i} The Usual septic precautions in taking blood frm the fngor should be observed. | {2} Do not saveste the linge blood fais to low, because blood mixed with tissue fuid gives false resuts [5] Boot ad dung Fuld enoul be taken up tothe appropiate mars if the pipette {a} Thee should be no air bubble in pipette while sucking the blood or diluent 15] Thee should be no spiling of cuted blood tom the pipette while mixing the contents of the bub. g pe bulb. us i relate between the paims and first 2-3 drops should be discarded before every cha © coversp should rest on the tno aterl plate forms, so thet the cover a platform is exactly of 0.1 mm, # mae beywesn the ese ie There shouldbe no overtiow into the central or side trench ttl or side trenches/guter: ia Dexig charging air bubbles should be avoided. ster charging, counting shoul be done immediatly to avoid er avoid errors 11} During the procéis oF countirig tHe calls, two 'sidesiof the sc Savate cn, wth necessary changes nthe calculation ("= S°CuaOY Of the result and notin one or ti) Tho shout be no ye encrapars betwen fe 18 aon’ oto, dcr and oor ones ste saunres OBSERVATION TABLE ] Sr He alt 2lalale S|tislo! l2lilals a al 3 | o |i fale LEFT UP als SAE snares tL? | Lt fe [it [a ICELLS-38.y no C- LEFT Lower IARE | 5 (euseeejyy® Rl Lowe cauane | canal amber wae, an Hee alCALCULATIONS. ajeroa counted aivolume counted 206 (0.4m 20 ating factor me conection factor (Vol. requiredval usec) we 1 corection factor oa 1 or factor x volume correction factor) pe sin Imm volume of undiluted =nx50 LTS: J jeucocyte (WBC) count of my blood is given sample of blood is — TLC = x80 = 130x50 = 6500/mm? INFERENCE se whether TLC is within the normal fange or not. f not, explain + Total Leucouute count of my 47m bLBDOL 4k withtn noumal Hange- OSPE I ERCISE- Dilute given blood semole for doin EROISE: Ble for doing total leucocyte count eck whether student has selected WBC pipette and diluting fluid conecty Inecks for pipet cleanliness, dryness, (esiNo) WesiNo) eso) Wesio) esiNo) esiNo} ‘yesiNo! es auificint ge watch glass tly up to the 0.5 mark and there are no alr bubbles et a he tip of the pipette tv up to 17 mark, just above the bulb al postion position between the aalms and rolls it aentiy400,000 ang 00,000 -+0> E-ythocyte (RBC) count of my bicod is ~ page = 544% 10,000 5.44 mittens] mm?PRACTICAL RECORD BOOK OF HAFNATOLOEY Notes14> Nowna 1) Aduror enn "VIVO NAAID 3HL WOwd $331GNI GOO aE DOU > coo Noniare Vago PH ROT 3001 | Aad DOT x (7w 00778) 4H Tp tauTTSUaITgHA) UNO? IG or x (17/68 (eau suag TIO) tune? He OFX (on) AO 7waor [Aad gor Cw ooTbyan = (by HOW enna Teuangus on) faTe7 OY oT (1918) 6H TeWUT suai Dp) Himes I00 oor x OURO SHiOwn ED conLi ttt ts ss I \\ \ VVVVVAVATOUT PREC FBUDwale ¥Y TMOG VA EP ORTTODG = 5 Ud DUT Ong# Aare apart oar barprer 1 —a1bo0 7H wobpar trovag = VOISIBWWUN YO Ue JopUN pouRWeKe BUIaq e0}0q OAL L91eM Pelsip Jo UORIppe Jaye p} 40 NINWLS ONY NOULUYERHAWA, = Bou" wii Ufo VaUOWUERF — Suv Dyn Cone 1a Gonp SeI0N ADOTOLEWa¥H1 40 N0OS GYOD3Y THDILDYYECOW VyaTd raonay 18-40 oRe POURRA THRO OL = F 3 3 & 3 } — = = = PS = S =Turon A oC FOF AGHOTA CAL Rod uEy IT ee 0) ae Oo aT OF AqurrRAddg oy boFCONT AL aE SUY Sandor FOOWOT By moon uae het 7 TF. Ce ayo! ONE -GN 2 +10 SUV $810} | ADOTOLVWAVH 40 1008 auODae WILDWEdTeor S Wo B= OLY STIII= 4270 Pe Lo srjen uy BuLsn Aq exfo00ne} Jo dAy ypea jo tuNCd sinjosae OU IPM {seu4000n9| jo sedi welayip aij aeaso—p 10 oses10U eA SLO! {80099 feuded o49 ul sexAocone| 1UOs94 10BRrY fr POT o Pie gu ose soon eS — oor — WOEX Gt es oat —_ DoT OUT OsOF = WHORE XK gy = SRUMOUNOT nt x WT OFBE = GPO Oo = OUT SG ou x EE oo anno» USO UNE 0 NOUMNINASIGOsejuo S60 Jo JequunU Buy PUB SIXE-X UO SecA? fadA} pus-odAy s] MOLEW! Suoq YoIyeA UE SuONIPUOD oMN LBOUUNU: yidonnau ajuas e Jo saumnga, onsueroe1eys eu end [8] \dei6 unoo uiewiy jewiou e yura! aueduior ‘suo}eAtesqo snoA 33) sydonneu BunoA wou pjo Burenuex ssiydoaneu eu jo 062 oy) yuna cogo} seajonu aia Jo dys {ewe si peAlion Sey qUNoD IneUAY MOH SINAWIU9dXS OL G4LV TSU SNOLLSAND LNVASTSE = T= ais Jo omIoId Bop & 196 0} sOUNENIDE 7 Byeu pur p dbs Jo [MOANEU e N90} U eee Delgo UOTSISUUNU-y SIA J9PUN BPIS OMI JO LORNA su e19 vedo pue s9suapuco sip ass HOUR eueid C1 bueYD|UeUSHIpe aco9so! ARO OF Zangoigo UO|SToUTUF[O Japun oAresgo eBueyp pue OHS UesoUD aif UO doip 829014 Tewod M6] 1opun 1814 JeaLWS Po jam oun WEDS Te0Ui8 2001 WE HOPS , \ “ISrDio3HO ennosgo vojsvousul yo ue sepun sep pause ein iy abeIs J INdDANEN ESTO” ASOMDT Waaso = AV\V VV AS % judaniou e sno0} u e9eIe Tos oi Jo arraoH sea © 106 04 stuoUUTENIoe oUy OCU PUP ES go VOIOUNLF}O ot) JepUN 2 uy aueld 0} @OueUD) wELL 1 ayn edo pue sasuapUod ou 2540 Topun @nresgo OBUEYD pue aus ennoolao UT ONE ee 0 9pUN SH} JEOLIS PO THOUS jnap! Ue RIES rsrm03H9 Jpaig jo wNOOANDU 8 SHO} SIDI rqoeiqo uorssowur 0 us JePUN seRIS PANIES Ov HE _9oT01vn3¥ 40 Wood awODae DIM aaVIBOTO TATOO “Fon aT toc Rigay ae paver ony bauer eI oo POTTY COCA TREY OMG GAVIA SH VY OREM TS OyaLUouop jessanlun se pepe 1 vojengUOSTISUEN poota (paypiewsi oxquedwo>u a 1988 egeyent oxnpsooud P 10019 Si0j0q parsasqo aq 01 PERrrr TITLE SO YX very ANALWatstsia aw 6 Sano oct NOLS teBT DOT Ua ar ~ VO Uno =F 9 houap Rann 4b Su PRIS Foo 5 SeS BEDETERMINATION OF LEED TE (Tay DOE ET {AC1st Determine the bleeding tie ofthe subject provided HECKLIST Fans the procedure to the subject Fesects a piece of the for paper The finger by taking all asaptic precautions. shi to dry completely before pricking, Kures {roe flow of bloed without squeezing the finger cathe cop ofthe blood not allowing the fer paper to press on the Bleeding spot Biot he blood exact every 30 seconds. Tap the slop wretch aa soon as bleeding coases, cnt the number of blood spots and report the résult after multiplying Fy 30 [abel the fit paper cou seconds, RELEVANT QUESTIONS RELATED TO EXPERIMENTS 1 bleeding time? Give its noxnel valve. ido you understand by the term Hernostasis? is the cinical significance of determining bleeding time? ‘oes bleacing time difer from cloting ime? Name the factors on which bleeding time depend, Name the conditions whore bleeding time is etered. 17] Define purpura. [e] What heppens io blesding time in hemophilia end purpure? [a] What is zero time? What sits significance? [10] Name other methods of determining bleeding time! [11] What is thrombocytopenic purpura and thrombaasthenic purpura? [12} Give common causes of bieeding disorders. [13} Name some test ro assess bleeding disorders,1 MLLse seteronabraskisna tia y B Meat ct encum dency fn cet Whats signe te ncains of Gctne Gems EG are omnes Ct revo me, in) Des ormel prothrombin time and what is cinica sg ne 2 re amples of acquired coagulation disorders? o™eanes? fs gives eer esha mie kay he memenk of gtting dime puorhuehin tine uesponafole pou dr-vivo anvPRACTICAL RECORD BOOK OF HAEMATOLOGY Notes .5-> cote fan iy com) le @ | Eo fing time get Hoe & _deritfen tr Te 2p. Hoemophiun. ~ vite tote Z Arb t initio clot fer ohpleaae Vel puodure oft symptoms Uke tetany bejoue conqutasion K cyws puta of th 4ombo| n_ added~ praca oR BOKOFHAENATOOSY INFERENCE 3 OSPE Jocd for estimation of haematocrit. EXERCISE -Fil the Wintrobe's tube with the given sample of bi CHECKLIST Selects a clean dry Wintrobe's tube Takes double oxalated blood sample ‘wines the blood sample well by gently rotating “pes the double oralated blood sample into the Paste Tae the Witrabe's with the oxalated blood withthe helP bubble Fils the blood exactly upto mark O ur's pipette 7 Pasteur’s pipette without introducing ar %, W\\\ VVBA\N Tre val of the biood on the table = i \ ey mer balanced by the another Wintrobe's| Places the Wintrobe's tube in the centrifuge machine, OU! {ube filed with fiuid of same specific gravity z 1 RELEVANT QUESTIONS RELATED TO EXPERIMENTS. [11 What is haematocrit? What is the significance of haematocrit? [2] Whet ore the different methods of estimation of haematocrit? {3] List the precautions and sources of error [4] What contributes to the Buffy coat? what is its normal thickness and when does it increase? [Bl What is the effect of increased PCV on citculation? {6] What is tho ideal anticoaguiant to be used for haematocrit determination and why? {7} Why is an anticoagulant used in a recommended concentration for estimation of haematocrit? [8] Why should tho hasmatocnt be ideally determined within six hours of collection of blood? [9] What are the sources of error in the Wintrobe's haematocrit method? 10} What isthe normal value of haematocrit in adults? {tt whys thea lover in worn? are the ph {13} Why ie tho al geil oc Conditions that alter haematocrit value? us blood slightly higher than that of arterial blood? Notes rr \\es 1 Und 40 aleteal BPN ICAL RECORD BOOK OF HAEMATOLOGY Seth \ VYVAVVAAN “ang.in= fe Male = 49-5040 cco iiy Female - a3 - 4740 ( Gyg, 42 4o ) ¢HoempronceSO DETERMINATION OF PACKED CLL VOLUNE (PCY, HAEMATOCRIT)DETERMINATION OF ERTHROG SESE ON RAE (i) jyyt QUESTIONS RELATED TO EXPERIMENTS. «mean by ESR? How does it ifr from haematocrit? 1 he ee factors that affect ESR? ie {jos 36 SE om fonrogen ESR? [whet 8 gmethods of determining ESR? i the antegegulent concertration be appropri for ESR estimation? Vive procaine ard sources of erorin the Winrobes mates? 6 Woe are the precautions and sources of error in the Westergreris methad? a Why Westergren method is more accurate than the Wintrobe's method? tris the chnical significance of determining ESA? Po tt ny der? ae th pyilagical conditions of creased ESR? || Wet the eiseases n which ESR increases? ntakion of erythyooyttA ult these rps rouleaux SR. .A-» Ploama._puotePRACTICAL RECORD BOOK OF HAEMATOLOGYans, £0 > wng.1i-» Old ape: puegnancy mentation 4 Partumation ;{0} Dotine terms isotonic and is osmotic in espect fo sOssoe Give examples. (8 dl tree be any cilerenco in the findings the test wes ‘containing different strenaths of sai, Pay are observed after 5 hours of mixing. s , {10} Wit vigorous shaking of test tubes t0 mix the blood and saline solution make any ctferent in eg, {tt} Do al nermal RBCs present in the given sample of flood have the same osmotic fragity solutions? [12] What are the factors affecting osmotic fragility? [13] What do you expect to osmotic fragility of RBC in ert individual after removal of his spleen? [14] What's the physiological basis ofthe increased frailty of red cells in hereditary spherocytosis ang, ‘agility in sickle cell aneamia? Sem THAAD POLIALT TT bl4 complete Aner a mechanical here ai bubbles 04 seam tha euved nerndlsys ag mpenbrine uetit wesintaritation LengRELEVANT QUESTIONS RELATED TO EXPERIMENTS [1] Describe Reticulocyte. [2] What is the significance of reticulocyte count? ae [3] Enumerate differences between a reticulocyte and mature [4] How do you perform reticulocyte count? 15] What do you mean by suprevital stain? Give its importance. [6] How do you identity reticulocytes in the smear? . 171 Give the nornel reticulocyte count in new boms, infants and adults [8] What precautions will you take while doing the reticulocyte count? [9] What is the reticulocyte response? Give its significance? [10] What are the conditions of reticulocytosis and reticulocytopenia? [11] Define reticulocyte index. what is its physiological significance? [12] What are the methods of reticulocyte count? [13] What is the compostion of New Methylene Blue Stain? Give functions of each component? [14] Why should equal volumes of staining fluid and blood be used for reticulocyte count? [18] How do you calculate absolute reticulocyte count? [16] What is the reticulum made up of? {171 Caleulato absolute reticulocyte count by taking reticulocyte count as 2% and RBC count as 4 mio {18] What is the life span and fate of reticulocytes? [19] How do reticulocytes develop in the bone marrow [20] What are the indications of doing reticulocyte count? wematin )2o+0 5000 240 64TT DOTOG = gpo0y ve = IBV | ______ en ouaragg jomrran eon spur) F1 oT Se OOF PO Fe TT TUM Io * ET TMS = Tae 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 y # 6ce "ahaa MA DETERMINATION OF RETICULOCMTE COUNTsoatoos of erorin the manual pather oes oe olanletcnuntantr ta of platelet count? tre precursor cells fot platelets? Brinciple of Heemacomeny ne prors that raguete the develop ona nt hata ‘n of platelets and how are they tof platelets? wtareits platelat count? ‘ved from circulation? Ties of patelets?\What af its functions? ope rd trorooytepena ave he con re tets Wok tke in a peibhera blond smear, mon une: stained with Leishman: Fount in stained smear ? * coGrade the severity of purpure based on pateet let count ae! bef ort do wate ot in tan? Ii 'sitpossite te wana is PU Hr 8 eS ‘to detect platelets?ity Eunctlons of Pla g >. ty Thor ube < 150,000 [ut floremnbo! bE COUE COMACA embocptoponiiaTYVVVNXNNANXK® | varie ttt’ st tel