1.
The actions of the gracilis muscle include ______ of the thigh at the hip and ____
of the leg at the knee.
A. medial rotation, extension
B. abduction, flexion
C. flexion, extension
D. E adduction, flexion
2. Di iculty extending the knee can result from damage to the ,
A. femoral nerve
B. inferior gluteal nerve
C. common peroneal nerve
D. superior g luteal nerve
3. The muscle that is not a medial rotator of the leg is the:
A. semiembranosus
B. semitendinosus
C. biceps femoris
D. gracilis
4. Which muscle is the most superficial in the gluteal region?
A. Gluteus medius
B. Gluteus maximus
C. Gluteus minimus
D. Piriformis
5. After an oburator nerve injury, some adduction of the thigh is still possible
because of double innervation to the:
A. gracilis m.
B. adductor magnus m.
C. sartorius m.
D. adductor longus n.
6. The sciatic nerve exits the pelvis through which structure?
A. Lesser sciatic foramen
B. Greater sciatic foramen
C. Obturator foramen
D. Inguinal canal
7. Which muscle lies deep to the gluteus maximus and superficial to the gluteus
minimus?
A. Tensor fasciae latae
B. Gluteus medius
C. Piriformis
D. Obturator internus
8. Which nerve innervates the gluteus maximus?
A. Superior gluteal nerve
B. Inferior gluteal nerve
C. Obturator nerve
D. Pudendal nerve
9. After passing through the obturator canal, divisions of the obturator nerve (an
anterior branch and a posterior branch) pass on either side of the:
A. pectineus m
B. B adductor brevis m
C. C. gracilis m.
D. D. adductor magnus m.
10. . In the gluteal region, all following nerves emerge inferior to the piriformis
muscle, EXCEPT:
A. Sciatic nerve
B. Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
C. Pudendal nerve
D. Superior gluteal nerve
11. Which muscle of the gluteal region is a strong lateral rotator of the thigh?
A. Gluteus minimus
B. Gluteus medius
C. Piriformis
D. Tensor fasciae latae
12. Which of following muscles is a muscle of posterior region of thigh?
A. Sartorius
B. Vastus medialis
C. Pectineus
D. Biceps femoris
13. Injury to the tibial nerve in the popliteal fossa might result in:
A. loss of eversion
B. (diminished sensation) on dorsal surface of foot
C. inability to stand on one's toes
D. drop foot
14. The hamstring muscles are innervated by which nerve?
A. Femoral nerve
B. Obturator nerve
C. Sciatic nerve
D. Pudendal nerve
15. Which muscle is located in the medial compartment of thigh?
A. Gracilis
B. Iliopsoas
C. Gluteus medius
D. Tensor fasciae latae
16. Which nerve innervates muscles of the anterior compartment of thigh?
A. Femoral nerve
B. Obturator nerve
C. Sciatic nerve
D. Tibial nerve
17. . Which muscle is not involved in hip extension?
A. Long head of biceps femoris
B. Semitendinosus
C. Gluteus maximus
D. Rectus femoris
18. Which muscle is responsible for flexion of thigh at hip joint?
A. Gracilis
B. Vastus lateralis
C. Iliopsoas
D. Gluteus medius
19. Which of the following muscles is part of hamstring group?
A. Sartorius
B. Vastus medialis
C. Gracilis
D. Biceps femoris
20. The femoral artery enters the thigh by passing under which structure?
A. Sartorius
B. Adductor longus
C. Inguinal ligament
D. Head of femur
15. The femoral artery is a continuation of which artery?
A. External iliac artery
B. Internal iliac artery
C. Obturator artery
D. Popliteal artery
16. The femoral artery becomes the popliteal artery after passing through which
anatomical landmark?
A. Inguinal ligament
B. Femoral triangle
C. Adductor hiatus
D. Subsartorial canal (adductor canal)
17. Which of the following structures is most superficial in the popliteal fossa?
A. Popliteal artery
B. Tibial nerve
C. Popliteal vein
D. Common fibular nerve
18. The popliteal artery is a direct continuation of which artery?
A. Internal iliac artery
B. External iliac artery
C. Femoral artery
D. Anterior tibial artery
19. The small saphenous vein drains into which structure?
A. Femoral vein
B. Great saphenous vein
C. Popliteal vein
D. Posterior tibial vein
20. Which muscle forms the superomedial boundary of the popliteal fossa?
A. Semitendinosus
B. Biceps femoris
C. Gracilis
D. Gastrocnemius (medial head)
21. Which of the following nerves passes deep to the fibularis longus muscle?
A. Superficial fibular nerve
B. Tibial nerve
C. Deep fibular nerve
D. Common fibular nerve
21. The deep fibular (peroneal) nerve innervates which of the following muscles?
A. Fibularis longus
B. Tibialis posterior
C. Tibialis anterior
D. Gastrocnemius
22. The anterior tibial artery passes from the posterior compartment to the anterior
compartment through which structure?
A. Intermuscular septum
B. Interosseous membrane
C. Popliteal hiatus
D. Transverse intermuscular septum
23. Which of the following structures passes posterior to the medial malleolus?
A. Deep fibular nerve
B. Fibular artery
C. Tibial nerve
D. Superficial fibular nerve
24. Which of the following is a branch of the popliteal artery?
A. Superior lateral genicular artery
B. Fibular artery
C. Inferior epigastric artery
D. Obturator artery
25. Which of these structures does not contribute to the contents of the popliteal fossa?
A. Popliteal artery
B. Tibial nerve
C. Common fibular nerve
D. Posterior tibial artery
26. The plantaris muscle is innervated by:
A. Common fibular nerve
B. Deep fibular nerve
C. Tibial nerve
D. Superficial fibular nerve
27. Which muscle unlocks the knee joint by laterally rotating the femur on the tibia?
A. Popliteus
B. Gastrocnemius
C. Plantaris
D. Biceps femoris
28. Damage to the common fibular nerve at the fibular neck most likely results in:
A. Loss of knee extension
B. Loss of foot eversion and dorsiflexion
C. Loss of plantarflexion
D. Hyperreflexia of the quadriceps
29. Which muscle is located in the deep posterior compartment of the leg?
A. Soleus
B. Flexor digitorum longus
C. Gastrocnemius
D. Fibularis brevis
30. Which artery supplies the lateral compartment of the leg?
A. Anterior tibial artery
B. Fibular artery
C. Popliteal artery
D. Posterior tibial artery
31. The obturator nerve divides into anterior and posterior branches that pass:
A. Anterior and posterior to pectineus
B. Above and below the inguinal ligament
C. Around the adductor magnus
D. Anterior and posterior to adductor brevis
32. Which structure passes deep to the sartorius and superficial to the adductor longus in the
femoral triangle?
A. Femoral artery
B. Femoral nerve
C. Obturator nerve
D. Great saphenous vein
33. The hamstring part of the adductor magnus is innervated by:
A. Obturator nerve
B. Femoral nerve
C. Tibial part of sciatic nerve
D. Common fibular part of sciatic nerve
34. Which muscle forms the medial border of the femoral triangle?
A. Sartorius
B. Adductor longus
C. Gracilis
D. Pectineus
35. The profunda femoris artery gives off which of the following branches?
A. Superior gluteal artery
B. Circumflex fibular artery
C. Medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries
D. Inferior epigastric artery
36. The femoral sheath contains all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Femoral artery
B. Femoral vein
C. Femoral nerve
D. Deep inguinal lymph nodes
37. Which muscle of the quadriceps femoris crosses at both the hip joint and knee joint?
A. Iliopsoas
B. Vastus lateralis
C. Rectus femoris
D. Vastus intermedius
38. What is the innervation of the psoas major muscle?
A. Nerve to obturator internus
B. Obturator nerve
C. Femoral nerve
D. Anterior rami of the L1-L3 spinal roots
39. Which of the following best describes the function of sartorius at the hip?
A. Extension - Abduction - Lateral rotation
B. Flexion - Medial rotation – Adduction
C. Flexion - Abduction - Lateral rotation
D. Extension - Medial rotation - Adduction
40. Which of the following structures is located within the adductor canal
A. Profunda femoris artery
B. Saphenous nerve
C. Popliteal artery
D. Great saphenous vein
41. What structure forms the lateral border of the adductor canal?
A. Vastus medialis
B. Sartorius
C. Gracilis
D. Vastus lateralis
42. Complete the sentence: The adductor canal ends at the adductor hiatus, a space
within the _____________ muscle.
A. Rectus femoris
B. Adductor longus
C. Adductor magnus
D. Biceps femoris
43. Below is a diagram of the popliteal fossa. Which structure corresponds to the label
‘B’?
A. Popliteal artery
B. Popliteal vein
C. Tibial nerve
D. Common fibular nerve
44. The femoral canal contains the
A. femoral artery
B. femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve
C. genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve
D. lymph node
45. Which of the following is the deepest structure in the popliteal fossa?
A. Tibial nerve
B. Common fibular nerve
C. Popliteal vein
D. Popliteal artery
46. All of the following statements are true regarding the sartorius, EXCEPT
A. it forms the lateral boundary of the femoral triangle
B. it covers the roof of the adductor canal
C. it is supplied by the femoral nerve
D. it flexes the hip joint and extends the knee joint
47. The descending genicular artery is a branch of the
A. femoral artery
B. profunda femoral artery
C. obturator artery
D. deep external pudendal artery
48. The nerve supply of the tensor fasciae latae is the
A. femoral nerve
B. sciatic nerve
C. superior gluteal nerve
D. inferior gluteal nerve
49. The pectineus is supplied by the
A. femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve
B. posterior division of the obturator nerve
C. femoral nerve
D. ventral rami of L. 2 and L. 3
50. In the subsartorial canal this muscle separated the femoral artery from the deep
(profunda) femoral artery:
A. pectineus
B. adductor magnus
C. adductor brevis
D. adductor longus
51. This is the only gluteal muscle to originate from the posterior surface of the sacrum:
A. quadratus femoris
B. gluteus maximus
C. gluteus medius
D. piriformis
52. All of the following muscles are lateral rotators of the thigh at the hip EXCEPT the
A. gluteus maximus
B. gluteus minimus
C. obturator internus
D. piriformis
53. All of the following muscles are medial rotators of the leg EXCEPT:
A. Semimembranosus
B. biceps femoris
C. gracalis
D. E popliteus
54. The biceps femoris muscle
A. lies lateral to the popliteal fossa
B. lies medial to the popliteal fossa
C. forms the floor of the popliteal fossa
D. gives rise to the oblique popliteal fossa
56. The nerve supply to the muscles of the lateral fascial compartment of the leg is
directly by this nerve
A. deep peroneal
B. superficial peroneal
C. anterior ibial
D. posterior tibial
57. The most important arterial supply to the head of the femur is via:
A. the artery of the ligamentum teres
B. retinacular vessels
C. vessels traveling along the spermatic cord
D. internal pudendal artery
58. If the foot is inverted due to paralysis of some muscles, one of the muscles that is
paralyzed is the:
A. tibialis posterior
B. tibialis anterior
C. fibularis longus
D. extensor hallucis longus
59. Which muscle tendon has been highlighted in blue?
A. Fibularis longus
B. Fibularis tertius
C. Fibularis brevis
D. Extensor hallucis longus
60. Which nerve innervates the muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg?
A. Superficial fibular
B. Tibial
C. Deep fibular
D. Sural
61. The anterior part of the talus articulates with the:
A. Cuboid
B. first, second and third cuneiform bones
C. Calcaneus
D. Navicular
62. Paralysis of which nerve would result in "foot drop?
A. femoral
B. tibial
C. superficial peroneal
D. deep peroneal
63. Which of the following options gives the insertion of gluteus maximus?
Gluteal tuberosity
A. Gluteal tuberosity
B. Lesser trochanter
C. Greater trochanter
D. Intertrochanteric line
64. What is the innervation of gluteus maximus?
A. Superior gluteal
B. Inferior gluteal
C. Nerve to piriformis
D. Sciatic
65. Which femoral bony landmark represents the distal anterior attachment of the hip
joint capsule?
A. Intertrochanteric line
B. Pectineal line
C. Intertrochanteric crest
D. Linea aspera
66. Damage to which artery is MOST likely to cause avascular necrosis of the femoral
head?
A. Lateral femoral circumflex
B. Medial femoral circumflex
C. Artery to head of femur
D. Popliteal
67. Which muscle attaches to the lesser trochanter of the femur?
A. Gluteus maximus
B. Quadratus femoris
C. Iliopsoas
D. Piriformis
68. Which muscle of the quadriceps femoris crosses at both the hip joint and knee joint?
A. Iliopsoas
B. Vastus lateralis
C. Rectus femoris
D. Vastus intermedius
69. What is the innervation of the psoas major muscle?
A. Nerve to obturator internus
B. Obturator nerve
C. Femoral nerve
D. Anterior rami of the L1-L3 spinal roots
70. Which nerve, in addition to the tibial component of the sciatic nerve, innervates the
adductor magus?
A. Femoral
B. Superior gluteal
C. Common fibular
D. Obturator
71. Which of the following options most accurately describes the innervation to the
short head of biceps femoris?
A. Sciatic nerve
B. Tibial part of sciatic nerve
C. Common fibular part of sciatic nerve
D. Femoral nerve
72. Which of the posterior thigh muscles is situated most laterally?
A. Semitendinosus
B. Biceps femoris
C. Adductor magnus
D. Semimembranosus
73. The illustration below demonstrates the right femoral triangle.
Which venous structure corresponds to the label ‘C’?
A. Femoral vein
B. Great saphenous vein
C. Popliteal vein
D. Profunda femoris vein
74. Which of the following femoral triangle contents is located most medially?
A. Femoral vein
B. Femoral artery
C. Femoral nerve
D. Femoral canal
75. A surgeon is performing a block dissection of the femoral triangle. Which of the
following structures is located immediately lateral to the femoral canal?
A. Femoral nerve
B. Femoral vein
C. Femoral artery
D. Saphenous nerve
76. The illustration below demonstrates the muscles of the medial thigh. Which label
corresponds to a muscle peforms lateral rotation of the lower limb?
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
77. Which of the following structures does not form the posterior border of the femoral
canal?
A. Pectineal ligament
B. Superior pubic ramus
C. Pectineus muscle
D. Pubic symphysis
78. What is the relevance of the lacunar ligament to the femoral canal?
A. Lies within the canal
B. Forms the posterior border
C. Forms the medial border
D. Forms the roof
79. Which of the following structures is located within the adductor canal?
A. Profunda femoris artery
B. Saphenous nerve
C. Popliteal artery
D. Great saphenous vein
80. What structure forms the lateral border of the adductor canal?
A. Vastus medialis
B. Sartorius
C. Gracilis
D. Vastus lateralis
81. Complete the sentence: The adductor canal ends at the adductor hiatus, a space
within the _____________ muscle.
A. Rectus femoris
B. Adductor longus
C. Adductor magnus
D. Biceps femoris
82. Which muscle attaches to the lesser trochanter of the femur?
A. Gluteus maximus
B. Quadratus femoris
C. Iliopsoas
D. Piriformis
83. The patella is formed within the tendon of which muscle?
A. Iliopsoas
B. Adductor magnus
C. Quadriceps femoris
D. Semimembranosus
84. The flat surface formed proximally by the tibial condyles is known as the
_______________ ?
A. Tibial ridge
B. Tibial plateau
C. Tibial eminence
D. Tibial tubercle
85. Which part of the tibia gives attachment to the interosseous membrane?
A. Anterior border
B. Lateral surface
C. Lateral border
D. Posterior surface
86. Which peripheral nerve is closely associated with the neck of fibula?
A. Common fibular
B. Superficial fibular
C. Sciatic
D. Tibial
87. From which artery do the superior and inferior gluteal arteries arise?
A. External iliac
B. Internal Iliac
C. Obturator
D. Femoral
88. Which anatomical landmark marks the transition from the femoral vein to the
external iliac vein?
A. Adductor hiatus
B. Femoral triangle
C. Inguinal ligament
D. Anterior superior iliac spine
89. When considering the venous drainage of the lower limb, which vessel do the
superior and inferior gluteal veins drain into?
A. External iliac
B. Internal iliac
C. Deep femoral
D. Femoral
90. The small saphenous vein drains into the deep vasculature at which level?
A. Fibular vein
B. Popliteal vein
C. External iliac vein
D. Femoral vein
91. Below is an illustration of the bones of the foot. Which bone has been highlighted in
blue?
A. Navicular
B. Cuboid
C. Calcaneous
D. Talus
92. Which of the following muscle tendons passes through the tarsal tunnel?
A. Tibialis anterior
B. Gastrocnemius
C. Extensor hallucis longus
D. Flexor digitorum longus
93> Complete the sentence: The roof of the tarsal tunnel is formed by the flexor
retinaculum which spans between the ____________ and the medial tubercle of the
calcaneus
A. Calcaneal tuberosity
B. Medial malleolus
C. Body of the talus
D. Navicular
94. The superficial fibular nerve innervates muscles within which compartment?
A. Anterior leg
B. Lateral leg
C. Anterior thigh
D. Lateral thigh
95. Complete the sentence: The sciatic nerve leaves the pelvis and enters the gluteal
region via the ______________ foramen
A. Obturator
B. Lesser sciatic
C. Gluteal
D. Greater sciatic
96. A patient sustains an iatrogenic sciatic nerve palsy following a total hip replacement.
Which of the following movements will be una ected?
A. Knee flexion
B. Hip abduction
C. Foot dorsiflexion
D. Foot inversion
97. Listed below are muscles located within the thigh – which one is innervated by the
femoral nerve?
A. Pectineus
B. Adductor magnus
C. Biceps femoris
D. Psoas major
98. Below is an illustration of the cutaneous innervation of the lower limb.
Which label corresponds to an area innervated by a branch of the femoral nerve?
A.
B.
C.
D.
99. Which of the following muscles is NOT innervated by the obturator nerve?
A. Adductor magnus (adductor portion)
B. Gracilis
C. Obturator internus
D. Adductor brevis
