Pachinko PDF

Min Jin Lee

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 Pachinko
Unyielding resilience amid the struggles of identity
and belonging.
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About the book
Set against the backdrop of 20th-century Korea and Japan,
"Pachinko" by Min Jin Lee unfolds a sweeping narrative that
explores themes of identity, resilience, and the harsh realities
of immigration. At its heart is the story of a Korean family
whose journey from their homeland to the bustling streets of
Osaka reveals the complexities of love and sacrifice in the face
of systemic discrimination and cultural dislocation. Through
the lens of richly drawn characters, the novel delves into the
intricate dynamics of longing and hope, all while weaving in
the game of pachinko—a metaphor for life’s unpredictable
twists and the chance for redemption. With lyrical prose and
an intimate portrayal of generational struggles, "Pachinko"
invites readers to reflect on the enduring human spirit and the
legacies we inherit, making it a compelling and unforgettable
read.

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About the author
Min Jin Lee is a celebrated author known for her poignant
storytelling and exploration of identity, immigration, and the
complexities of cultural heritage. Born in Seoul, South Korea,
and raised in the United States, Lee's own experiences as an
immigrant profoundly inform her work. She gained
prominence with her debut novel, "Free Food for
Millionaires," but it was her critically acclaimed second novel,
"Pachinko," that solidified her place in contemporary
literature. This sweeping saga chronicles the lives of a Korean
family in Japan across several decades, deftly addressing
themes of discrimination, perseverance, and the quest for
belonging. Lee's writing is characterized by its rich detail and
deep empathy, earning her numerous accolades and a
dedicated readership.

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Summary Content List
Chapter 1 : 1

Chapter 2 : 2

Chapter 3 : 3

Chapter 4 : 4

Chapter 5 : 5

Chapter 6 : 6

Chapter 7 : 7

Chapter 8 : 8

Chapter 9 : 9

Chapter 10 : 10

Chapter 11 : 11

Chapter 12 : 12

Chapter 13 : 13

Chapter 14 : 14

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 Chapter 1 Summary : 1

Key Point Description

Setting Early 1900s in Yeongdo, a small fishing village near Busan, Korea.

Main Characters An aging fisherman and his wife, their son Hoonie, and daughter Sunja.

Hoonie's Born with a cleft palate and twisted foot; considered the village cripple but is strong, intelligent, and
Condition dedicated.

Marriage Hoonie marries Yangjin after a matchmaker's visit; Yangjin is accepting of Hoonie's appearance.

Family Tragedy The couple has four children, but only their daughter Sunja survives.

Yangjin's Role As a widow, Yangjin manages a boarding house and supports Sunja amidst ongoing struggles.

Themes Resilience, familial duty, societal expectation, and the impact of economic hardship and colonization.

**Summary of Chapter 1 from "Pachinko" by Min Jin Lee**

In the early 1900s, in Yeongdo, a small fishing village near
Busan, an aging fisherman and his wife, struggling to make
ends meet, start taking in lodgers to supplement their income.
Their only surviving son, Hoonie, was born with a cleft
palate and a twisted foot, causing him to be seen as inferior,
but he was strong in many ways and was dedicated to helping

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his parents. Though considered the village cripple, he
mastered reading and numbers, making him capable and
clever.
As Korea faced the reality of Japanese colonial rule,
Hoonie’s family worked tirelessly despite economic
hardship. After a visit from a matchmaker, Hoonie marries a
girl named Yangjin, whose family is struggling even more.
Initially apprehensive, it’s made clear that Yangjin has seen
children with similar deformities and isn't deterred by
Hoonie’s appearance. The couple eventually has four
children, but tragedy strikes, and only their daughter Sunja
survives.
As they face continuous loss—Hoonie’s parents die, and the
weight of their struggles grow heavier—Yangjin steps up as a
widow and manages a boarding house, cleverly handling
finances while ensuring her daughter’s well-being. Despite
facing societal challenges and the stigma attached to Sunja's
illegitimate pregnancy, Yangjin strives to ensure their
survival during tough times marked by the Great Depression
and the ongoing brutality of colonization.
Through vibrant character interactions and a poignant
depiction of life under strife, themes of resilience, familial
duty, and societal expectation unfold, setting the stage for the
hardships and triumphs that lie ahead for Sunja and those
around her.

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Critical Thinking
Key Point:Resilience in the Face of Adversity
Critical Interpretation:One key point from this chapter
summary is the profound resilience exhibited by Hoonie
and his family amidst overwhelming adversity. The
narrative underscores how personal hardships—such as
Hoonie's physical challenges and the economic burdens
imposed by colonial rule—shape their lives and forge a
strong family bond. While the author portrays this
resilience as admirable, it is crucial to recognize that
depicting resilience can sometimes gloss over the
systemic structures that perpetuate suffering. This
invites readers to critically consider whether the
emphasis on personal strength serves to diminish the
harsh realities of societal oppression. Scholarly works,
such as "The Sociology of Resilience" by Ann S.
Masten, discuss the implications of resilience narratives,
warning against their potential to obscure the need for
broader social change.

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 Chapter 2 Summary : 2

Character Summary

Sunja A young Korean girl who becomes involved in a secret love affair with Koh Hansu. She experiences powerful
emotions, betrayal, and the complexities of identity as she navigates her pregnancy and societal expectations.

Koh A successful businessman who develops a romantic relationship with Sunja. He shares stories from his past,
Hansu which creates an emotional bond but ultimately reveals his existing marriage, leading to Sunja's heartbreak.

Isak A young pastor recovering from illness who stays at Sunja's mother's boarding house. His sincere proposal to
marry Sunja offers her a chance for redemption and a different future path.

Themes The chapter explores love, betrayal, identity, and the struggles against societal constraints in early 20th-century
Korea.

Setting The backdrop of early 20th-century Korea, capturing the complexities of social status and cultural dynamics.

**Summary of Chapter 2 from "Pachinko"**

In this chapter, we meet Sunja, a young Korean girl, and Koh
Hansu, a successful businessman. Sunja admires Hansu's
confident presence, distinct looks, and charming demeanor as
they interact during the market days. Hansu expresses his
desire to know her better and arranges secret meetings at a
secluded beach, revealing a more personal, intimate side of
their relationship. He shares stories of his past, growing up in

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Osaka and his family history, establishing a bond that
transcends their different social standings.
Their conversations deepen, with Sunja finding herself
captivated by Hansu's tales of travel and adventure, while he
appreciates her honesty and hardworking nature. The chapter
highlights their secret love affair, marked by powerful
emotions and complicated dynamics. As their relationship
intensifies, they begin crossing boundaries that lead to their
physical intimacy, creating a blend of passion, hope, and
profound confusion for Sunja.
However, the story takes a dramatic turn when Sunja
discovers she is pregnant. Hansu, while affectionate, reveals
that he is already married with children in Japan; this
bombshell shatters Sunja's dreams of stability with him.
Despite Hansu's promises of support, Sunja grapples with the
implications of her situation. Heartbroken and feeling
dishonored, she expresses her anger and disappointment,
vowing to separate herself from him as she contemplates the
weight of their circumstances.
Amid this turmoil, we also meet Isak, a young pastor recently
recovered from illness, who is staying at Sunja's mother’s
boarding house. His presence introduces another potential
avenue of hope and redemption for Sunja. Isak’s genuine
intentions soon culminate in a proposal to marry Sunja,

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positioning her future on a slightly different path but also
bringing its own challenges.
Overall, this chapter encapsulates themes of love, betrayal,
and the quest for identity amid societal constraints,
beautifully intertwining the personal and cultural struggles of
the characters within the turbulent backdrop of early
20th-century Korea.

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Example
Key Point:The complexities of love and societal
constraints are powerfully depicted through Sunja's
devastating choice.
Example:Imagine finding yourself at a picturesque
beach, the sun setting, as you share secrets with a
captivating figure who enthralls you with tales of
adventure. Each moment spent together pulls you
deeper into a passionate embrace, yet you can sense an
underlying tension in the air, like an impending storm.
Just as you dare to dream of a future together, a
shocking revelation shatters your illusions – he is
married, and your heart sinks under the weight of
betrayal. You stand there, torn between the love you feel
and the harsh realities of your society, grappling with
feelings of anger and disappointment, cementing the
notion that life is a tapestry woven with threads of love,
heartache, and the relentless longing for acceptance.

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Critical Thinking
Key Point:The complexity of emotional relationships
in oppressive social contexts.
Critical Interpretation:This chapter of "Pachinko"
illustrates how Sunja's love for Hansu, a powerful but
married man, entails a tragic blend of passion and
vulnerability. Readers should question the morality of
Hansu's actions, reflecting on societal conditions and
gender dynamics that inform such relationships. Min Jin
Lee's portrayal serves as a critique of gender inequality
and the burdens placed on women in patriarchal
societies. However, interpretations of the characters'
motivations can vary widely. By examining perspectives
in academic discussions, such as Judith Butler's theories
on gender and power (Butler, J. *Gender Trouble*), we
are encouraged to explore the multifaceted nature of
love and betrayal, recognizing that Lee's viewpoint is
but one lens among many.

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 Chapter 3 Summary : 3
Chapter Summary

In Chapter 3 of "Pachinko," Yangjin, Sunja, and Isak travel to Busan for Isak and Sunja's wedding. Sunja's pregnancy and
her past create tension as they arrive at Pastor Shin's church. The pastor's stern demeanor adds to Sunja's anxiety. She thanks
Isak for marrying her, but Pastor Shin urges her to confront her past and seek forgiveness. Isak defends her, and despite the
pastor's reservations, they proceed with a simple ceremony.

Yangjin feels relief initially but then sadness over the lack of joy in Sunja's wedding. She buys rice for a wedding meal,
wishing to provide for Sunja. At the boardinghouse, Sunja's friends, Bokhee and Dokhee, react to her marriage, sharing gifts
that symbolize their bond.

The chapter concludes with emotional farewells at the ferry terminal as Sunja boards a ferry to Japan, burdened by
memories of Hansu, the man who betrayed her. Upon arriving in Osaka, Sunja meets Isak’s brother, Yoseb, and his wife,
Kyunghee, facing a cramped living situation that contrasts with her dreams. The chapter explores themes of identity, sacrifice,
faith, love, and the challenges of transitioning into a new life filled with uncertainties.

**Summary of Chapter 3 of "Pachinko"**

In this chapter, Yangjin, Sunja, and Isak embark on a journey
to Busan for Isak and Sunja’s wedding, a significant moment
tinged with challenges due to Sunja's pregnancy and the
stigma of her past. Dressed in their best clothes, they arrive at
the church of Pastor Shin, a thin man whose guidance and
somewhat stern demeanor makes Sunja anxious. The pastor
takes a close look at Sunja, contemplating the sacrifices that
both she and Isak must make, revealing the weight of their
circumstances.
Sunja expresses her gratitude to Isak for his decision to
marry her, but Pastor Shin pressures her to acknowledge her
past mistakes and seek forgiveness. This leads to an
emotionally charged conversation where Sunja struggles to

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understand her situation and the religious implications
involved. Despite the pastor’s serious tone, Isak defends
Sunja and ultimately conveys the hope that their marriage is
what God wishes for them. After much deliberation, Pastor
Shin agrees to marry them, and the ceremony is short and
simple.
Yangjin is initially relieved but later feels a deep sadness that
the circumstances of Sunja’s marriage lack the joy she
envisioned for her daughter. She rushes to buy a small
amount of rice for their wedding meal, reflecting her
desperate desire to provide for Sunja before she leaves for
Japan.
Meanwhile, back at the boardinghouse, Sunja's friends
Bokhee and Dokhee react to the news of her marriage,
highlighting themes of friendship and longing for a better
life. As Sunja prepares to leave her home, she receives
farewell gifts from the sisters, symbolizing their bond and the
hope for a future reunion.
The group's journey culminates at the ferry terminal, filled
with uncertainty and heart-tugging farewells. As they board
the ferry to Japan, the weight of Sunja’s past looms over her,
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betrayed her but who she still longs for in some way.
Upon arriving in Osaka, Sunja is introduced to her new life

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Chapter 4 Summary : 4
**Summary of Chapter 4 of "Pachinko"**
The summer in Osaka is intense, with Sunja feeling the
weight of both the heat and her pregnancy. Despite the
challenges, her new life with Kyunghee is unexpectedly
pleasant. They bond over daily chores and enjoy a close
friendship, finding happiness in their shared experiences.
Isak is busy at the church, while Yoseb works long hours at a
biscuit factory.
Kyunghee, who is desperate for a child of her own, hopes to
support Sunja. She dreams of starting a business selling
kimchi at the local market and values financial independence,
despite her husband’s traditional views on a wife's role.
While shopping for groceries, the local butcher, Tanaka,
gives them extra meat for their meal out of kindness toward
the pregnant Sunja, who often feels overshadowed by her
beautiful sister-in-law.
As Sunja grapples with her differences in appearance and
status, she begins to form a stronger identity in Osaka, even
selling her mother’s valuable pocket watch to pay off
Yoseb’s debt—a choice that causes conflict later. When two
men come seeking payment for the loan, they present the
alarming burden of debt that Yoseb has incurred. In a

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dramatic turn, the sisters-in-law manage to secure a loan
from a local moneylender to settle the debt, showcasing their
resourcefulness and desperation.
After the birth of Sunja's son, their family dynamic shifts
dramatically. Yoseb's frustration over the circumstances
erupts in anger toward Sunja, despite her intentions to
support the family. Isak, who remains calm and
understanding, mediates the tension, emphasizing the
importance of forgiveness. The chapter concludes with the
brothers bonding over the naming of the baby, a moment
filled with hope and familial affection amid the struggles
they face in a foreign land.
**Key Themes:**
- **Identity and Belonging:** Sunja’s struggle with her
identity in a new country highlights the complexities of
cultural belonging.
- **Family and Sacrifice:** The chapter illustrates the
sacrifices made for family, especially the measures women
take for their loved ones.
- **Social Roles:** There is a tension between traditional
gender roles and personal aspirations, particularly through
Kyunghee’s desires to work and Sunja’s unexpected agency.
- **Debt and Survival:** The weight of financial burdens
and debt significantly impacts relationships and decisions
within the family, driving the plot forward.

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Critical Thinking
Key Point:Social Roles and Gender Expectations in
'Pachinko'
Critical Interpretation:The chapter highlights the
conflict between traditional gender roles and women's
aspirations, as seen through Kyunghee's desire for
independence. This reflects Min Jin Lee's critique of
societal expectations that often stifle women's potential.
However, readers should recognize that this view may
not encompass the entirety of women's experiences
across cultures, as various studies (like those by Kabeer,
1999) showcase differing dynamics of gender roles
worldwide.

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Chapter 5 Summary : 5
**Summary of Chapter 5 - "Pachinko"**
In this chapter, set in Osaka in 1939, we follow Yoseb as he
anxiously returns home, expecting his family to be there.
Instead, he finds the house empty and becomes filled with
worry. His excitement over bringing taffy for his children,
Noa and Mozasu, turns into concern when he discovers his
wife, Kyunghee, and Sunja, are not at home as expected.
After checking the church, he learns that his brother, Isak,
and two others have been arrested by the police due to their
refusal to partake in the Shinto ceremonies, which they
believe are against their faith.
Yoseb finds Noa waiting outside the police station with baby
Mozasu. Noa, albeit a good brother, is hungry and weary
from waiting for his mother. Inside the station, Kyunghee
struggles for answers while Sunja is heartbroken over Isak’s
imprisonment. They are all anxious about Isak’s health and
fear the repercussions of their association with Christianity.
As they grapple with the harsh realities of political
oppression, we see how it deeply affects each family
member, especially the children.
Sunja’s resolve is tested as she starts selling goods in the
market to support her family. She faces hostility from other

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sellers but pushes through, driven by necessity to provide for
her children. Meanwhile, Noa excels at school while trying to
hide his identity as a Korean, longing instead to fit in with
the Japanese children.
When Noa unexpectedly finds his father Isak, he’s distraught
to see his father in a vulnerable state, emphasizing the
chapter’s themes of survival, familial duty, and the
psychological impact of political oppression on individuals
and families.
The chapter highlights the fierce love and sacrifices the
family members make for each other amidst dire
circumstances, illustrating a poignant picture of resilience in
the face of adversity. The narrative flows between moments
of humor, sorrow, and the impossibility of escaping the deep,
ingrained societal divisions they face as Koreans in Japan.

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Example
Key Point:The impact of political oppression on
family dynamics and individual identities.
Example:As you walk through the bustling streets of
Osaka, the weight of uncertainty hangs over you like a
heavy cloud. You can almost feel the palpable anxiety
that fills the air as you approach your home, expecting
laughter from your children but only encountering an
empty space. It's not just the absence of your loved ones
that hits you; it's the heavy reminder of how systemic
oppression changes lives. You see young Noa, trying
desperately to blend in with his peers, masking his true
identity beneath layers of societal pressure. His fear of
being judged—as if being Korean is a crime—echoes
your own feelings of wanting to protect your family
from the harsh realities outside. Just like Sunja, who
faces unwarranted hostility while attempting to provide
for her children, you realize that every small act of
survival becomes a profound statement of familial love
amidst chaos. This chapter underlines that resilience
isn’t merely about enduring hardship; it’s about
navigating the complexities of identity and connection
in a world that persistently seeks to divide you.

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Chapter 6 Summary : 6
**Summary of Chapter 6 from "Pachinko"**
In this chapter, we witness the struggle of Sunja and her
family as they navigate the harsh realities of life in Osaka
during World War II. Sunja is caring for her ailing husband,
Isak, who is gravely sick and reflects on their past while their
son, Noa, runs errands and attempts to help. The scene is
poignant, showcasing the tenderness and sorrow of a family
bound by love but facing the looming inevitability of loss.
Noa is deeply concerned for his father, showing a desire to
connect and support despite the grim circumstances. Isak's
illness reveals their financial struggles, and Sunja's thoughts
are filled with guilt for not being able to provide more for her
family while grappling with the emotional weight of Isak's
condition. The narrative transitions between the fragility of
Isak's health and the innocence of the boys, representing the
younger generation's resilience amidst adversity.
As the chapter progresses, the family dynamic unfolds with
the re-emergence of Hansu, who discreetly watches over
Sunja and her children from a distance. He warns Sunja of
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and to Unlock
implores her Full Text
to leave and
Osaka for
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the safety of her children. This introduces a tension between
survival and familial loyalty, ultimately impacting the

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Chapter 7 Summary : 7
**Summary of Chapter 7 of "Pachinko" by Min Jin Lee**
In this chapter set in Osaka, January 1953, we follow Sunja,
who wakes in the night to make candies, anxious about
money for her son Noa’s tutoring. Noa had recently failed an
exam, and Sunja wants him to succeed with help from a
tutor. This new plan adds to the family's burdens, as they
struggle with medical bills and daily expenses. Sunja’s
mother, Yangjin, shows concern for Sunja’s well-being, but
Sunja insists she is fine and needs to keep working. They
reminisce about their friends who left for work in China and
the tragic stories that surround them, reflecting on the harsh
changes wrought by war and occupation.
As the two women labor in their small kitchen, their
conversations reveal both generational and emotional
struggles. Yangjin feels the weight of aging and longs for the
past, while Sunja hopes for a better future for her children,
fearful of the dangerous world outside. She recalls fond
memories of her hometown in Korea, contrasting them with
the current hardships. During this time, she also thinks of her
late husband, Isak, wishing for divine guidance in their
struggles.
The chapter delves into the lives of Sunja’s sons. Mozasu,

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who is struggling in school, faces bullying and feels the
pressure of being a Korean in Japan. His brother, Noa, is
dedicated to education but must navigate the complexities of
being Korean in a society that discriminates against his
ethnicity. Their relationships reflect the sacrifices parents
make for their children in difficult circumstances.
Mozasu’s defiance against bullies becomes a focal point,
capturing the racial tensions in school. He befriends a new
boy, Haruki, who faces hardships similar to those Mozasu
endures. The bond between them illustrates the theme of
camaraderie amid adversity.
In a poignant moment, a showdown takes place when
Mozasu defends Haruki from a predatory man. This action
leads to conflict with the local authorities, emphasizing the
precarious position Koreans occupy in Japanese society. The
chapter closes with the family grappling with issues of
identity, belonging, and the hope of a brighter future,
underscoring the recurring themes of familial loyalty and the
pain of survival amid systemic discrimination.
Throughout the narrative, the tenacity of the characters
reflects the struggle of Korean immigrants to find their place
and maintain hope in a world fraught with challenges.

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Chapter 8 Summary : 8
**Summary of Chapter 8 from "Pachinko" by Min Jin Lee**
In this chapter, we see Noa, now a third-year student at
Waseda University in Tokyo, thrive in an environment far
removed from the prejudices he faced in school. His love for
literature flourishes as he immerses himself in the works of
classic authors, encouraged by his benefactor Hansu, who
provides him with a comfortable life. Noa's perspective on
education shifts; he views learning as a joyous endeavor
rather than mere work, allowing him to excel.
Noa’s life takes an intriguing turn when he encounters Akiko
Fumeki, a rebellious and outspoken sociology student. Their
conversation begins with playful debates over literature,
revealing Akiko’s bold personality, which provokes curiosity
and attraction in Noa. Their exchanges challenge Noa’s
previously solitary habits and spark new feelings, even as he
grapples with concerns of identity and acceptance, feeling
both Korean and an outsider.
Meanwhile, in Osaka, Mozasu has taken up a significant role
managing a pachinko parlor under Goro, who has opened
multiple locations. Goro’s ambitious plans lead Mozasu to a
surprising promotion, highlighting his loyalty and hard work.
As Mozasu navigates his new responsibilities, his underlying

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motivations include dreams of supporting his family and
aspirations for a confectionery business for his mother,
reinforcing his dedication to those he loves.
All the while, Mozasu begins to develop feelings for Yumi, a
seamstress who works at Totoyama-san's shop. Their
budding relationship is sweetly tentative, with Mozasu's
clumsy attempts at flirtation contrasting Yumi's reserved
demeanor. Their interactions symbolize the hope of
connection amid their circumstances.
The chapter dances between the academic world of Noa and
the gritty reality of Mozasu’s life in the pachinko parlors,
emphasizing themes of identity, ambition, and the desire for
a better future. The characters’ relationships further explore
prejudice and the struggle for acceptance in a society that
ostracizes them for their Korean heritage, making their
journeys both poignant and relatable. The chapter concludes
with Noa grappling with complex emotions, setting the stage
for conflicts stemming from his cultural identity and personal
connections.

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Chapter 9 Summary : 9
**Summary of Chapter 9 from "Pachinko"**
In April 1962, Sunja and her family gather around Yoseb’s
bedside to hear a letter from her son, Noa. The family is
anxious as Kyunghee reads Noa's message, revealing that he
has withdrawn from Waseda University, moved to a new
city, and chosen to cut ties with them. He expresses a desire
to find a new life away from his troubled past, particularly
distancing himself from his biological father, Koh Hansu.
Sunja is devastated by Noa's decision, feeling a mix of fear
and helplessness. Yoseb wishes for the chance to guide Noa
and impart lessons about forgiveness, but his illness limits
his capacity to act.
As the family grapples with Noa's departure, they put on a
brave face for Mozasu, who is unaware of his brother’s
situation. There’s a looming fear that Noa may have gone to
North Korea, a place they associate with loss. The passing of
time and their struggles leave them in a state of uncertainty,
weighed down by grief and unfulfilled desires.
When Sunja decides to seek out Hansu for help in finding
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Hansu's wife, initially perceives
Sunja as just a beggar seeking handouts, but the presence of a

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Chapter 10 Summary : 10
**Summary of Chapter 10 of "Pachinko"**
In April 1962, we find Noa in Nagano, feeling lost after
leaving Waseda University. Inspired by the fond stories of his
middle school teacher, Reiko Tamura, he impulsively decides
to visit her hometown. He spends time at a café, holding a
conversation with Bingo, a friendly waiter who introduces
him to the idea of working in a pachinko parlor. Although
surprised by this suggestion, Noa feels an unexpected
connection to Bingo and contemplates building a new life in
Nagano away from the memories of his father, Koh Hansu,
and his late mentor, Isak.
Bingo encourages Noa to meet Hideo Takano, the manager of
the local pachinko parlor. When Noa meets Takano, they
have a candid discussion where Noa shares his background
as a bookkeeper. Despite Takano's skepticism regarding
Noa's ambitions in literature, he offers him a job, and Noa
reluctantly accepts the path laid before him, marking a
significant shift in his life. Noa adjusts to dormitory living,
quickly proving his worth at the parlor, essentially finding a
secure place for himself amidst his earlier turmoil.
Meanwhile, the narrative shifts to Osaka in April 1965,
focusing on Yumi, who is now pregnant again after suffering

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multiple miscarriages. Her husband, Mozasu, tries to take
care of her, but Yumi resists his suggestion to rest,
determined to continue working through her pregnancy.
Concerned about her health, her doctor orders her to bed rest
due to high blood pressure, warning her of the risks involved.
During this time, the couple grapples with their dreams for a
better future, as Yumi hopes for a life in America where they
can escape prejudice.
The chapter also captures Mozasu's ambition to establish a
pachinko business in Yokohama, which he believes will
bring prosperity to their family. However, tragedy strikes
when Yumi is fatally injured by a taxi while protecting their
son, Solomon. Mozasu is devastated, grappling with his loss
at her funeral while Solomon innocently continues to seek
comfort from those around him.
The story continues to explore themes of identity, belonging,
and the complexities of family dynamics. As Noa takes on a
new life path in Nagano, Yumi's challenges and ultimate
sacrifice depict the struggles faced by Korean-Japanese
families, while Mozasu's responses reflect love, regret, and
the enduring ties of familial relationships amidst societal
challenges. The chapter intricately weaves the lives of
characters striving for better futures while confronting the
haunting shadows of their pasts.

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Chapter 11 Summary : 11
**Chapter 11 Summary: Pachinko by Min Jin Lee**
This chapter takes us into the lives of several characters in
the late ’60s and ’70s, focusing mainly on Risa Iwamura and
Noa (who goes by Nobuo Ban), along with glimpses into the
life of Haruki and Ayame Totoyama.
In Nagano, Risa is a head filing clerk at the Cosmos
Pachinko parlor, living a seemingly uneventful life marked
by a traumatic past; her father’s scandalous suicide has left
her socially isolated and unmarriageable by societal
standards. Despite her distance, Noa becomes enamored with
her elegant handwriting, leading to a proposal after only two
dinners, and they marry in a quiet winter ceremony. Their
relationship blossoms unexpectedly; both had lived in
emotional solitude before finding genuine affection in each
other. Risa becomes a dedicated mother, quitting her job to
raise their four children—twins, a boy, and another
girl—while Noa maintains a stable routine at work and at
home, struggling internally with his Korean identity while
presenting himself as a Japanese man.
Meanwhile, in Yokohama, Haruki Totoyama marries Ayame,
who effectively manages his mother’s uniform shop amidst
family tragedies. After his mother’s death from cancer, they

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move to Yokohama. As Ayame navigates her role as a
stepmother to Haruki's disabled brother Daisuke, she battles
her own unfulfilled desires and loneliness, even witnessing a
sexual encounter that raises her own insecurities about
intimacy.
Ayame becomes increasingly restless in her marriage, feeling
disconnected from Haruki. The tension peaks when she
encounters a more liberated side of herself, confronted by a
beautiful young girl in a park. She grapples with conflicting
feelings about desire and societal norms.
As the story unfolds, the tragic plight of young Tetsuo
Kimura, a Korean boy who faces bullying, resonates deeply
within Haruki, causing him to confront his own struggles
with identity and belonging in a society that continues to
discriminate against Koreans. Interwoven into this narrative
is Sunja, Noa's mother, who grows increasingly concerned
about her son's hidden identity and the life he’s chosen to
lead in Japan.
The chapter concludes on a somber note, with Noa's tragic
demise shortly after a meeting with Sunja. The palpable
sense of loss underscores the weight of familial ties, societal
expectations, and the ongoing complexities of identity,
resonating throughout their interconnected lives.
Key themes in this chapter include the struggles of

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identity—how personal backgrounds shape destinies and
relationships, the quest for belonging in a racially charged
society, and the interplay of love, sacrifice, and familial duty.
Readers witness the multifaceted nature of each character's
journey, marked by unspoken fears and societal stigmas,
revealing the profound impact of their intertwined fates.

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Chapter 12 Summary : 12
**Summary of Chapter 12: Pachinko**
In this emotionally charged chapter of "Pachinko," the focus
shifts to the lives of Hana and Etsuko, with complex family
dynamics playing out against the backdrop of contrasting
lifestyles in Japan. It opens with Hana enjoying a Coke at
Etsuko's restaurant, where the ambiance is transformed for a
party. Etsuko, a hardworking restaurant owner and mother,
feels a mix of pride and concern for Hana, who appears
mature yet carries the burden of a surprising revelation: her
pregnancy.
As Solomon, Etsuko’s son, enters the scene, a subtle
romance blooms between him and Hana. Solomon invites
Hana to join his birthday party, and their innocent flirtation
reveals a deeper connection. But Etsuko, aware of the
challenges surrounding their lives as children of immigrants
in Japan, worries for Hana’s well-being.
This concern spirals into a confrontation between Etsuko and
Hana, where Hana expresses her anger towards her mother
for perceived abandonment and lack of maternal instincts.
Etsuko grapples with feelings of failure in her motherhood,
revealing the painful reality of their relationship. Hana's
harsh words highlight a profound disconnect and

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generational trauma, emphasizing themes of sacrifice,
identity, and the complexities of mother-daughter
relationships.
The chapter delves into Etsuko's introspection, reminding her
of past moments spent with her children and the love she
expresses through her work and sacrifices. Meanwhile,
Hana’s bitterness reflects her struggles and defiance against
their society’s stigmas, especially concerning their family's
background.
Later, Etsuko finds solace in their brief reconnection when
Hana comes to stay after her confrontation, showcasing a
flicker of hope for their relationship amidst the turbulence of
their lives. The emotional culmination revolves around
Etsuko's yearning to be a better mother, culminating in
Hana's poignant outburst about her identity and worth.
Meanwhile, the chapter briefly introduces the broader context
of Solomon's life through his birthday celebration, which
contrasts starkly with the struggles of Etsuko and Hana.
Solomon's experiences reflect the aspirations and pressures
of a young man caught between cultural expectations and
personal desires, while his interactions with both Etsuko and
HanaInstall
revealBookey
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identity Full Text and
and belonging.
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In the latter part of the chapter, the attention shifts to Sunja,
who is caring for her ailing mother, Yangjin, in Osaka. Sunja

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Chapter 13 Summary : 13
**Summary of Chapter 13 - "Pachinko"**
In this emotionally charged chapter, we find Solomon in
New York in 1985, as he reaches out to Hana, his troubled
friend from Japan. Their phone conversation reveals Hana's
struggles with her chaotic life in Tokyo, where she works as a
hostess in a club and battles alcoholism, seemingly distant
from the love and stability Solomon hopes to offer. As they
reminisce about their past, Solomon expresses concern for
her well-being, but Hana remains defiant and elusive,
signifying her disconnect and desire to maintain a wall
between them.
Despite their bond, Hana is resolute about her independence
and lifestyle choices, dismissing Solomon’s offers of
education and support. Solomon's commitment to Hana
becomes evident as he writes down her number, promising to
stay connected, hoping to provide her with help from afar.
However, Hana’s pride and despair loom large, as she shares
her feelings of worthlessness and her contemplation of death,
making it clear just how deep her struggles run.
As Solomon navigates his relationship with Hana, we see his
romantic interest in Phoebe, who represents a potential future
and stability that contrasts sharply with Hana’s destructive

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path. The narrative amplifies this tension, showing glimpses
of Solomon’s love for both women and the complexity of his
feelings.
Moving further into the chapter, we witness Hana's stark
reality when Etsuko, her mother, attempts to reconnect with
her. Their emotional reunion on the streets of Tokyo
highlights the generational and emotional chasms that
separate them. Hana is dismissive of her mother’s offers for
help and reveals the scars of her past choices. This scene
encapsulates the themes of familial bonds, identity, and
social stigma surrounding their lives as Korean-Japanese
individuals.
By the chapter's end, the narrative shifts to Solomon’s life in
Japan in 1989. He reflects on his professional prominence
within a British investment bank while grappling with his
mixed identity. Despite his success, he feels the weight of
cultural expectations and struggles against societal prejudices
affecting Koreans in Japan. His relationship with Phoebe is
tested by misunderstandings and contrasts between their
backgrounds.
Solomon's interactions with his boss, Kazu, expose deeper
insights into the mechanisms of success and the societal
hierarchies they navigate. Kazu's lessons on competition,
morality, and the realities of being a non-Japanese employee

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in Japan resonate with Solomon and challenge him to
confront his identity and aspirations.
The chapter concludes on a somber note as Solomon learns
of Hana's deteriorating health, further complicating his
already fraught feelings about love, responsibility, and
escape from past pain.
This chapter vividly illustrates themes of identity, belonging,
and the intersection of personal and cultural conflicts, all
while setting the stage for pivotal transformations in
Solomon and Hana’s lives.

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Chapter 14 Summary : 14
**Summary of Chapter 14 from "Pachinko"**
This chapter opens in 1989 at the Empire Cafe in Yokohama,
a nostalgic place for Solomon and his father, Mozasu.
Solomon visits them during lunch with friends Goro and
Totoyama. The mood shifts when Solomon learns about the
death of a Korean landlady related to a property transaction
involving his boss, Kazu. This revelation leads to uncertainty
about Solomon's job, as Kazu fires him, suggesting the death
might complicate their business dealings.
Throughout the chapter, Solomon's conflicted feelings about
his identity and the expectations from his family surface.
Goro encourages him to engage with American culture and
women, while Totoyama and Mozasu show concern for
Solomon's future in the wake of his job loss. Despite their
support, Solomon feels increasingly burdened by the realities
of his life in Japan as a Korean.
As he copes with the challenges, Solomon finds solace in his
relationship with Hana, a woman he’s grown close to. Their
conversation reveals a deeper understanding of the societal
flaws and limitations faced by Koreans in Japan, leading
Hana to suggest he take over his father's pachinko business.
However, Solomon struggles with his father’s aspirations for

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him to pursue a more traditional career in finance, reflecting
the generational clash regarding identity and success.
Later, in Tokyo, tensions arise between Solomon and his
girlfriend Phoebe. Phoebe begins to feel the strain of their
life in Japan, leading to her decision to go home. Solomon's
internal conflict about his identity resurfaces as he questions
whether he truly belongs in Japan or should pursue a future
in America. He realizes that marrying Phoebe for citizenship
isn't a sincere option for him, distancing him from her and
ultimately leading to her departure.
The chapter concludes with a poignant scene of Sunja,
Solomon's grandmother, visiting Isak's grave, reflecting on
her family's past and the legacy of her children. This
underlying theme of family ties and the struggle between past
and present is woven through Solomon's and Sunja's
narratives, portraying how deeply rooted cultural and familial
expectations impact their lives.
**Key Themes and Character Development**
The chapter emphasizes the struggle for identity, particularly
for Solomon as a Korean in Japan, and the complex
dynamics within family and cultural expectations. Solomon’s
ambitions clash with his father’s dreams, and his relationship
with Phoebe catalyzes significant introspection about
belonging and acceptance. Meanwhile, Sunja's introspection

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at the cemetery underscores the enduring pain of loss and the
connection to family history. Overall, the chapter draws a
vivid portrait of the intersections of identity, culture, and the
ties that bind generations together.

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Best Quotes from Pachinko by Min Jin
Lee with Page Numbers
View on Bookey Website and Generate Beautiful Quote Images

Chapter 1 | Quotes From Pages 14-46

1.History has failed us, but no matter.
2.If it were possible for a man and his wife to share one
heart, Hoonie was this steady, beating organ.
3.The peasants knew that a spoiled son did more harm to a
family than a dead one...
4.When Hoonie covered his misshapen mouth with his
hands, something he did out of habit meeting strangers, he
resembled his nice-looking father.
5.Yangjin had to take care of Sunja and earn money; they
were fortunate to have this business even though they
didn’t own the house.
Chapter 2 | Quotes From Pages 47-94
1.You and I are from islands. One day, you’ll
understand that people from islands are different.
We have more freedom.

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2.When I wash clothes, I think about doing it well. It’s one of
the chores I like because I can make something better than
it was.
3.You have a good face," he said. "You look honest.
4.You are my dear girl.
5.I have a wife and three children. In Osaka.
6.If you ever come near me again, I will kill myself. I may
have behaved like a whore—
7.You are someone I would marry. You and I, we are alike.
Our child will be deeply loved, but I cannot forget my wife
and three girls—
8.If the young woman was abandoned by a scoundrel, it’s
hardly her fault, and certainly, even if the man is not a bad
person, the unborn child is innocent.
9.God controls all things, but we don’t understand his
reasons. Sometimes, I don’t like his actions, either. It’s
frustrating.
10.You must be the change you wish to see in the world.
Chapter 3 | Quotes From Pages 95-139

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1.I’ll be the associate pastor. I don’t expect that
much will be expected of her. The congregation
isn’t large. Sunja is a hard worker and learns
quickly.
2.You must swear that you’ll be faithful to this man. If you’re
not, you’ll bring far greater shame on your mother and your
dead father than what you’ve already done.
3.To have been with a man without marrying is a sin in the
eyes of God.
4.You cannot give them any room to think worse of us. One
bad Korean ruins it for thousands of others.
5.I hope that you’ll have a son who won’t have to leave you
when he marries.
6.You’ll need to be very careful, too. Once you start giving, it
will never stop.

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Chapter 4 | Quotes From Pages 140-165
1.Back in the olden days, a man in his situation
could’ve thrown me out for not having a son.
2.I’m sure you ate much better and more filling things back
home... my mother would never eat it again if she knew the
cost.
3.We should support each other while we’re far from home. I
am your servant.
4.She’s pregnant. Leave her alone.
5.What did your mother do back home?
6.Noa—because he obeyed and did what the Lord asked.
Noa—because he believed when it was impossible to do so.
Chapter 5 | Quotes From Pages 166-202
1.Uncle, can you hold Mozasu? My arms hurt.
2.I don't know who’s listening.
3.You and the women should go home. The minister is being
questioned, and you will not be able to see him. You’re
wasting your time.
4.If we could’ve made more kimchi, I felt sure that I

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 could’ve sold that, too, but fermenting took time, and it
wasn’t always possible to find the right ingredients.
5.Every minute, I imagined this. Maybe that’s why I am here.
How hard it must have been for you.
Chapter 6 | Quotes From Pages 203-256
1.My child, my dear boy. My blessing.
2.You are very brave, Noa. Much, much braver than me.
Living every day in the presence of those who refuse to
acknowledge your humanity takes great courage.
3.Wherever you go, you represent our family, and you must
be an excellent person—at school, in town, and in the
world. No matter what anyone says. Or does.
4.For the boys, please get well.
5.I could show you the world, but I won’t promise the safety
of your family.
6.He looks both new and ancient.

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Chapter 7 | Quotes From Pages 257-297
1.Yourappa—it would make him so sad that we lost
our boardinghouse—aigoo. And now this fighting
in Korea. We can’t go back yet because the army
would take Noa and Mozasu. Isn’t that right?
2.It seemed as if the occupation and the war had changed
everyone, and now the war in Korea was making things
worse. Once-tenderhearted people seemed wary and tough.
3.Isak used to say that we could not know why some suffered
more than others; he said we should never hasten to
judgment when others endured agony.
4.But we had no money. A woman’s lot is to suffer. We must
suffer.
5.The war in Korea roused commerce in Japan, and there
were more jobs to be had by all. At least here, the
Americans were still in charge, so the women were able to
find sugar and wheat.
6.I could not let my children suffer the way I have suffered.
7.Every day, before school began and after school ended, the

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 bigger boys told Mozasu, 'Go back to Korea, you smelly
bastard.'
8.But I will tell you this: You can fight back, but only with
your mind. A good person can survive this life without dirt
on his hands. A good man must always—
9.Because the Korean kids stole and sold scrap metal to
survive, the other kids thought they were all like that—bad.
They thought they were all thieves and beggars.
10.Even though I cannot give you children, my love and
devotion will heal your heart and our suffering together.
11.At least here, the Americans were still in charge, so the
women were able to find sugar and wheat.
Chapter 8 | Quotes From Pages 298-336
1.Just study,” Hansu had said. “Learn everything.
Fill your mind with knowledge—it’s the only kind
of power no one can take away from you.
2.Learning was like playing, not labor.
3.You have read everything by George Eliot? That’s
impressive,” he said, never having met anyone else who

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 had done so.
4.I want to be with you, even if it would not be easy.
5.You are a good person, Akiko. You are smarter than you
think.
Chapter 9 | Quotes From Pages 337-347
1.Umma, I have withdrawn from Waseda. I have
moved out of the apartment...I want to start a new
life, and to do that there is no other way.
2.A man must learn to forgive—to know what is important,
that to live without forgiveness was a kind of death with
breathing and movement.
3.If you have to, tell him that his brother ran away...It
sickened Yoseb to say these words.
4.Since that evening when Noa had come home from school
to speak to her, Sunja had thought daily of going to Tokyo
to talk to him...All she wanted was to see her son again. If
that wasn’t possible, it would be better to die.
5.But if I see my master, I’ll tell him that you came by. I’m
sure the mistress will tell him, too.

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Chapter 10 | Quotes From Pages 348-380
1.Why not for a year at least? He would not return
to Tokyo or Osaka—this much he had resolved.
2.You seem very smart.
3.A man must have work. My mother always says this, too.
4.It’s dirty, expensive, and full of fast—
5.Listen, I got to Yumi’s funeral late. Mozasu said you’d left.
You live with him now, right?
6.You’re the worst kind of man, because you won’t let go
until you get your way.
7.I promise you will like Yokohama; it’s an international
city. There are lots of Americans there.
8.This is nothing. You’ll do this for your children.
Chapter 11 | Quotes From Pages 381-423
1.I’d rather hurt myself than hurt you, my wife.
2.It is possible to be a good employer and to avoid the bad
people as long as you—
3.I’m a Japanese citizen now, and I can travel. It’s possible.
It is always possible.

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4.But I can reverse a curse if I want.
5.I didn’t know kids wrote that stuff on your yearbooks. You
were always watching out for me. I didn’t know.
Chapter 12 | Quotes From Pages 424-455
1.No one is innocent here.
2.Being a mother was what defined her more than any other
thing.
3.You think you’re such a victim, but you’re not. You left
because you’re afraid, and you slept with all those men
because you were afraid of getting old.
4.How can you think that I didn’t want the three of you?
5.A woman’s lot is to suffer.
6.You intended to harm me, but God intended it for good to
accomplish what is now being done, the saving of many
lives.
7.I wish I could take back the times I had scolded my
children just because I was tired.
8.How could you get angry at the ones who wanted to be in
the game?

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9.Am I supposed to thank you for this great sacrifice? You
didn’t marry him because you didn’t want to suffer.
10.You’re just this little boy who wants to fuck. I need
money, and this isn’t enough.

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Chapter 13 | Quotes From Pages 456-490
1.I don’t want to live. I’m ready to die. You know?
Do you ever want to die, Solomon? I’ve wanted to
die for so many years, but I was too cowardly to
say it or to do anything to make my wish come
true. Maybe you could have saved me, but you
know, even wonderful you, even you, my Solomon,
I don’t think so.
2.Maybe people should marry from the same background.
Maybe life is easier then.
3.You’re a nice boy, Solomon, and you will have a future in
finance, but not here.
4.There’s nothing fucking worse than knowing that you’re
just like everybody else. What a messed-up, lousy
existence.
5.If I hear anything, I’ll let you know right away, okay?
Chapter 14 | Quotes From Pages 491-509
1.The client got a piece of property that he would
never have gotten because he’s Japanese, and she

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 had refused on several occasions to sell to him. He
got it cheap.
2.You should take over your father’s business.
3.Japan will never change. It will never ever integrate gaijin,
and my darling, here you will always be a gaijin and never
Japanese.
4.None of that stuff is true. You’re an honest business person.
I know you pay your taxes and get all your licenses, and—
5.No. It’s a virus. Everybody gets sick.
6.Your father is an honest person. He could be richer if he
was crooked, but he’s rich enough.
7.I love you. Would you marry me?
8.I could have gone into real estate or banking or the law.
Everyone says that. But I love pachinko.
9.It’s all right. You will find your way. I’m sure of it.
10.I was good at running around and fixing things. I was
good at making money. I’ve always kept my business
clean and stayed away from the bad things.

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Pachinko Questions
View on Bookey Website

Chapter 1 | 1| Q&A
1.Question
What qualities did Hoonie's parents instill in him despite
his physical disabilities?
Answer:Hoonie's parents raised him to be clever
and diligent. They instilled in him a strong work
ethic and a sense of responsibility, teaching him not
to be spoiled despite his challenges. They believed in
keeping him grounded, as they feared that a spoiled
son would harm the family more than losing him
would.

2.Question
How does Hoonie's appearance affect his social
interactions and perceptions in the village?
Answer:Hoonie's cleft palate and twisted foot lead many
people to underestimate him, thinking he lacks mental
capacity because of his slow speech. He is often seen as the

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'neighborhood cripple,' which affects his interactions, making
people shy away from him, assuming he cannot form
meaningful connections.

3.Question
What are the implications of marriage proposals for
Hoonie, given his deformities?
Answer:The marriage proposals are complicated by Hoonie's
deformities, as it is believed that a family would not allow
their daughter to marry someone with such visible physical
challenges. His mother fears he will never find a bride, which
reflects societal prejudices against perceived imperfections.

4.Question
How does Yangjin feel about the prospects of marriage
for her son?
Answer:Yangjin feels a mix of hope and despair regarding
Hoonie's prospects for marriage. She wishes for him to have
a chance at happiness, but she is also acutely aware of
societal prejudices that deem a partner unsuitable because of
physical deformities. This inner conflict represents her hopes

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for her son's future against the harsh reality of their world.

5.Question
What does the matchmaker's visit symbolize for Hoonie
and his family?
Answer:The matchmaker's visit symbolizes a glimmer of
hope for Hoonie's future, representing the possibility of
marriage and family despite the obstacles posed by his
deformities. It also highlights the societal pressures and
challenges that families face when it comes to marrying off
their children, especially in a conservative society.

6.Question
How does Hoonie's upbringing influence his character
development throughout the chapter?
Answer:Hoonie's upbringing under loving but practical
parents shapes him into a hardworking and thoughtful
individual, resilient despite his disabilities. His parents'
approach to raising him influences his relationships and the
way he interacts with the world, as he has learned to accept
his limitations while still striving to contribute meaningfully

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to his family.

7.Question
What does Yangjin's decision to consider the
matchmaker’s proposal reveal about her character?
Answer:Yangjin's consideration of the matchmaker's
proposal reveals her deep love for Hoonie and her desire to
see him happy, even in difficult circumstances. It also shows
her willingness to navigate societal norms and challenges in
order to create opportunities for her son, reflecting her
strength and resourcefulness as a mother.

8.Question
How does the socio-economic context of the story affect
the characters' lives?
Answer:The socio-economic context of early 20th-century
Korea under Japanese colonial rule profoundly affects the
characters, dictating their struggles for survival and stability.
The constant need for financial security forces Yangjin and
her family to make difficult decisions, impacting their
aspirations and the dynamic of their relationships.

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9.Question
What lessons about resilience and perseverance can be
drawn from Hoonie's and Yangjin's experiences?
Answer:Hoonie's and Yangjin's experiences illustrate
resilience in the face of adversity, showcasing how love, hard
work, and determination can transcend physical and societal
limitations. Their ability to adapt to challenging
circumstances emphasizes the importance of perseverance
and the strength of familial bonds in overcoming life's
hardships.

10.Question
How does the narrative reflect the theme of hope
intertwined with hardship?
Answer:The narrative reflects a theme of hope intertwined
with hardship through Hoonie's family dynamics and their
attempts to create a better life despite overwhelming
challenges. Yangjin's hopes for Hoonie's marriage and the
family's resilience amid socio-economic challenges illustrate
that even in difficult times, hope can persist as a driving

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force.
Chapter 2 | 2| Q&A
1.Question
What does Hansu's comment about people from islands
having more freedom imply about his view of identity and
belonging?
Answer:Hansu's comment reflects his belief that
those who come from islands, like Jeju, possess a
distinctive identity that offers them a sense of
freedom. He implies that island living fosters a
unique bond among people who understand the
shared experiences of isolation and resilience,
contrasting it with the constraints he feels in Japan.
This suggests that he sees himself as rooted in his
island heritage while being aware of the complexities
of his identity as a Korean living within a Japanese
context.

2.Question
What does Sunja mean when she says that doing laundry
allows her to make something better than it was?

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Answer:Sunja signifies her desire for agency and
improvement in her life through mundane tasks like laundry.
By stating she can make clothes cleaner and more
presentable, she expresses her need to find value and purpose
in her labor despite the challenges and hardships of her
circumstances, emphasizing a sense of pride in her work.

3.Question
How does the relationship between Sunja and Hansu
evolve, and what does it reveal about societal norms?
Answer:Sunja and Hansu's relationship begins with
admiration and fascination, evolving into a complex bond
marked by intimacy and dependency. It reveals societal
norms surrounding gender, class, and familial
responsibilities. Sunja's naivety and Hansu's hidden life
underscore the challenges women face in a patriarchal
society where status and wealth can shield men from the
consequences of their actions, such as their romantic
obligations or familial duties.

4.Question

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What internal conflict does Sunja face when she learns
about Hansu's wife and children?
Answer:Sunja experiences a deep sense of betrayal and
shame upon discovering Hansu's existing family, leading her
to question her worth and the legitimacy of her feelings. This
revelation creates a conflict between her love for Hansu and
her desire for respect and integrity in her own life, illustrating
her struggle between societal expectations of marriage and
motherhood and the reality of being an abandoned woman.

5.Question
How does Sunja's relationship with Isak differ from her
relationship with Hansu?
Answer:Sunja's relationship with Isak is based on gentleness,
respect, and the promise of stability, contrasting sharply with
the tumultuous and secretive nature of her connection with
Hansu. Isak represents a potential for a legitimate future and
family, while Hansu embodies a life filled with
complications, secrecy, and societal stigma. This difference
highlights Sunja's growth and her yearning for a life built on

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trust and shared values.

6.Question
What does the act of leaving an 'X' on the stone signify in
Hanus and Sunja's relationship?
Answer:The act of leaving an 'X' on the stone serves as a
symbol of their connection and the hope that persists between
their meetings. It represents the expectations that bind them,
the shared moments they cherish, and the longing for
continuity in their relationship, even amidst uncertainty and
societal constraints.

7.Question
What role does food play in the interactions between
characters, particularly in Isak and Sunja's budding
relationship?
Answer:Food serves as a vehicle for connection and intimacy
in Isak and Sunja’s developing relationship. The sharing of
meals, like their experience in the noodle restaurant, fosters
conversation and a sense of normalcy amid their complicated
lives. It symbolizes care and nurturing, allowing them to
bond over shared experiences and provide comfort amidst the

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challenges they face.

8.Question
How does the environment described in the chapter affect
the characters' emotions and actions?
Answer:The natural environment, particularly the beach and
the cove, serves as a backdrop that heightens the characters’
emotions, evoking feelings of freedom, longing, and
intimacy. The beauty and tranquility of the sea contrast with
the turbulence of their personal lives, creating a space where
raw feelings can surface, facilitating moments of connection,
tension, and revelation.

9.Question
What does this chapter reveal about the societal
expectations of women and their choices?
Answer:This chapter illustrates the limited choices available
to women like Sunja in a patriarchal society. It highlights the
expectations of marriage, motherhood, and respectability,
demonstrating how these pressures shape their decisions and
define their worth. Women are often left with few options,

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forcing them to navigate complex relationships while seeking
personal fulfillment and dignity.

10.Question
In what ways does the narrative challenge traditional
notions of love and partnership?
Answer:The narrative challenges traditional notions of love
and partnership by presenting complex relationships where
affection is intertwined with societal pressures and personal
agendas. Hansu's hidden responsibilities and Isak's offer of
marriage to care for Sunja and her child complicate the
romantic ideal; love is depicted not merely as a personal
connection but also as a negotiation shaped by duty and
circumstance.
Chapter 3 | 3| Q&A
1.Question
What is Sunja's relationship with Isak at the beginning of
their marriage?
Answer:Sunja is initially overwhelmed and unsure
about her new relationship with Isak. She feels

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gratitude towards him for marrying her despite her
situation and expresses a desire to serve him well,
but she also carries the weight of her past with
Hansu and her own insecurities. There is a sense of
duty and hope intertwined with their marriage as
they navigate through their new life together.

2.Question
How does Pastor Shin's initial perception of Sunja affect
the marriage process?
Answer:Pastor Shin's questioning reflects societal
expectations and moral scrutiny, especially regarding Sunja's
past. His stern demeanor leads to a conversation about sin
and forgiveness, which heightens Sunja's anxiety and
sadness. This moment reveals the harsh realities Sunja faces
and serves as a catalyst for her acceptance of her new life
with Isak, as she seeks redemption and a fresh start.

3.Question
What does Yangjin hope for Sunja's future with Isak?
Answer:Yangjin, Sunja's mother, hopes that her daughter will

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find a better life in Japan with Isak than she would have in
their hometown. Despite her practical nature and worries
about the marriage, she wishes for Sunja to have a stable and
caring home, free from the burdens of their past. Yangjin’s
emotions during the wedding display both her love for Sunja
and her sadness about letting go.

4.Question
How does Sunja's perception of her marriage change
throughout Chapter 3?
Answer:Initially, Sunja feels a strong sense of obligation and
remorse about her situation. However, meeting Isak's brother,
Yoseb, and experiencing the warmth of Isak's family begins
to shift her perspective. As Sunja adjusts to her new life in
Osaka, she starts to embrace her role as a wife and mother,
finding hope and a sense of belonging.

5.Question
What role does the theme of sacrifice play in Isak and
Sunja's marriage?
Answer:Sacrifice is a significant theme throughout Isak and

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Sunja's marriage. Isak sacrifices his comfort and societal
expectations to marry Sunja and ensure her and her child's
well-being, accepting challenges that come with being in a
relationship with a woman carrying another man's child.
Sunja, in turn, expresses her willingness to serve and support
him, as she sees their marriage as a chance for redemption.

6.Question
What does Sunja’s experience at the church reveal about
her character?
Answer:Sunja’s vulnerable but resilient nature comes
through during her encounter with Pastor Shin and Isak in
church. She grapples with shame and guilt but demonstrates
a desire to learn and grow as she seeks forgiveness and a
chance at a new life. Her willingness to express gratitude and
her determination to forge a good relationship with Isak show
her depth and capacity for empathy.

7.Question
How does the situation in Osaka contrast with Sunja's life
in Yeongdo?

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Answer:The transition to Osaka signifies both opportunity
and hardship for Sunja. Unlike her constricted life in
Yeongdo, Osaka offers the promise of a new start with more
access to resources and social mobility. However, the reality
of living in a poor Korean enclave underlines the struggles of
immigrant families, highlighting the difficulties they face in
a new land, such as discrimination and poverty.

8.Question
What significance do the wooden ducks hold as a gift
from Sunja’s sisters?
Answer:The wooden ducks symbolize loyalty and the hope
for Sunja's new marriage. The sisters gift them as a reminder
of their bond and as a wish for Sunja’s happiness. Ducks
mate for life, signifying the hope that Sunja will find
enduring companionship with Isak. It’s a heartfelt gesture
that illustrates their sisterly love and the sense of loss felt as
Sunja leaves home.

9.Question
How does the character of Pastor Yoo influence the
community's view of morality and sin?

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Answer:Pastor Yoo embodies compassion and understanding,
using his role to offer guidance on moral complexities faced
by his congregation. His discussions with individuals about
their struggles with sin reflect a pastoral approach that seeks
to address the social realities of their lives rather than impose
rigid judgments. He encourages a balance between morality,
personal circumstances, and community support.

10.Question
What complexities does Isak face in his new role as a
pastor in Japan?
Answer:Isak encounters the challenges of cultural
discrimination, economic instability, and the expectations of
his congregation. He must navigate the difficult landscape of
serving his community while dealing with his own health
issues and limited financial support. His commitment to his
faith and family grows as he strives to fulfill his role as a
pastor while being a husband and soon a father.

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Chapter 4 | 4| Q&A
1.Question
What does Sunja's experience of settling into a new life in
Osaka reveal about personal growth and adaptation?
Answer:Sunja's adjustment to life in Osaka
underscores her resilience and ability to adapt to her
circumstances. Initially overwhelmed by new
surroundings and the looming responsibilities of
impending motherhood, she finds companionship
and support in Kyunghee. Despite her self-doubt
and feelings of inadequacy, particularly in contrast
to Kyunghee's beauty and social ease, Sunja learns
to navigate the challenges of homemaking and
eventually sees herself contributing meaningfully to
the household. This shift from a passive observer of
her life to an active participant reflects a broader
theme of personal growth through adversity.

2.Question
How does the relationship between Kyunghee and Sunja
depict the bond of sisterhood?

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Answer:The bond between Kyunghee and Sunja illustrates
the deep connection sisters can share, built on support and
mutual understanding. Despite their different backgrounds
and circumstances, they find solace in each other's company,
with Kyunghee treating Sunja as a sister and co-mother.
Their interactions are characterized by warmth, shared
dreams, and acts of kindness, such as Kyunghee's hopes for
Sunja's future child and her encouragement for Sunja to
pursue her own aspirations. This sisterhood not only
alleviates their individual struggles but also fosters a sense of
community and belonging.

3.Question
What does Kyunghee's dream of becoming a
kimchiajumma symbolize in her context?
Answer:Kyunghee's ambition to become a kimchiajumma, or
a kimchi seller, symbolizes her desire for independence and
fulfillment beyond the confines of traditional domestic roles.
She longs for a sense of identity and autonomy, especially in
a time and place where women are generally expected to

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remain confined to household duties. This dream reflects her
struggle against societal norms and her hope for a better
future not just for herself but also for Sunja and the baby. It
embodies the aspirations of many women striving to carve
out their places in a male-dominated society.

4.Question
How does the financial strain depicted in the chapter
highlight familial responsibility?
Answer:The financial strain faced by Kyunghee and Sunja
illuminates the heavy burdens of familial responsibility,
particularly as they navigate the challenges of supporting
their husbands amidst economic hardship. The tension
around money serves as both a source of conflict and a
catalyst for unity as they work together to contribute toward
household expenses, demonstrating their commitment to
family welfare. This obligation underscores the sacrifices
they are willing to make for the well-being of their loved
ones, as reflected in Sunja's decision to sell her mother’s
pocket watch to settle Joséb's debt. Their actions illustrate

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themes of sacrifice, loyalty, and the communal effort often
required to survive in hardship.

5.Question
In what ways does Sunja's perception of herself change
throughout the chapter?
Answer:Throughout the chapter, Sunja's perception of herself
evolves from that of an insecure and plain 'other' to an
empowered individual taking charge of her life. Initially, she
feels overshadowed by Kyunghee's beauty and grace, leading
to feelings of invisibility during social interactions. However,
as she learns to navigate the household dynamics and
engages in meaningful activities like shopping for food and
considering ways to support Kyunghee’s business dream,
Sunja gains confidence. The keen insights she shares about
their financial situation and familial roles further demonstrate
her developing self-awareness and agency. This
transformation signifies her journey towards self-acceptance
and recognition of her intrinsic value within the family unit.

6.Question

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What do the interactions with Tanaka-san at the butcher
shop illustrate about cultural dynamics and relationships
in the narrative?
Answer:The exchanges between Kyunghee, Sunja, and
Tanaka-san convey the nuanced cultural dynamics between
the Korean women and their Japanese counterparts. Tanaka’s
friendly demeanor, marked by his eagerness to serve
Kyunghee, reflects a level of mutual respect that transcends
ethnic boundaries, showcasing the potential for positive
relationships amidst cultural tensions. Kyunghee's ability to
speak Japanese helps bridge the gap, illustrating the role of
language as a tool for connection and negotiation. However,
the underlying awareness of their status as Koreans in Japan
also permeates their interactions, revealing the complexities
of identity, acceptance, and the striving for dignity within
marginalized communities.

7.Question
How does the interaction between Sunja and the
pawnbroker illustrate gender dynamics in this historical

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context?
Answer:Sunja's interaction with the pawnbroker encapsulates
the gender dynamics of the era, where women are often
viewed through the lens of vulnerability and dependence.
Despite Sunja's assertiveness in negotiating the sale of her
mother’s watch, the pawnbroker's initial dismissive attitude
underscores societal stereotypes that perceive women as less
competent in financial matters. His underestimation of her
knowledge of the watch's worth highlights how women in
her position had to navigate a male-dominated economic
landscape, often fighting for respect and equitable treatment.
This tension reflects broader issues of gender inequality and
the struggles women face to assert agency in financial
transactions.

8.Question
What concepts of family and duty are explored through
Yoseb's reaction to Sunja selling the watch?
Answer:Yoseb's explosive reaction to Sunja selling the watch
reflects deep-rooted concepts of family pride, duty, and

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control within patriarchal structures. His anger stems from
feelings of shame and inadequacy regarding his financial role
in the family, as he feels diminished by the fact that women
in the household had to intervene to solve a financial crisis he
could not handle alone. This incident illustrates the weight of
familial expectations on men to be the primary providers and
protectors. His response also reveals the complexities of how
duty intertwines with personal honor, suggesting that societal
pressures to maintain traditional gender roles can impede
family unity and emotional understanding.

9.Question
In what ways does the theme of sacrifice manifest
throughout the relationships in this chapter?
Answer:The theme of sacrifice is palpably woven into the
relationships depicted in this chapter, particularly through
actions taken by Kyunghee and Sunja for their families.
Sunja's decision to sell her mother's watch to alleviate a debt
showcases maternal sacrifice, prioritizing the immediate
needs of the household over her own attachment to family

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heirloom. Similarly, Kyunghee’s ambitions for a business are
constantly overshadowed by her obligations as a wife and
daughter-in-law, demonstrating the constraints that force
women to suppress their dreams for familial duties. Yoseb's
struggles with financial pressure further amplify this theme,
serving as a reminder that sacrifice often cuts across genders
and reinforces the interconnectedness of familial obligations
amid adversity.
Chapter 5 | 5| Q&A
1.Question
What does Yoseb's character reveal about the importance
of family and care in difficult times?
Answer:Yoseb's character showcases unwavering
commitment to his family, as he deeply cares for his
wife and children. Even when faced with
uncertainty, such as the absence of Isak or the fear
of the police, his thoughts consistently circle back to
the well-being of his family. His actions—whether
it’s trying to secure food for his brother,

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entertaining his children with candy, or ensuring
that Sunja feels supported—highlight the ideals of
responsibility and familial love. This importance
becomes a central theme throughout this chapter.

2.Question
How does Noa's experience at school reflect the broader
societal issues faced by Koreans in Japan during this
time?
Answer:Noa's experiences at school, where he hides his
identity and struggles with bullying from peers, reflect the
severe discrimination and identity crises faced by Koreans in
Japan. Despite his efforts to assimilate and present as
Japanese, he endures ridicule connected to his background,
illustrating the enmity towards Koreans and the societal
divides of the time. His yearning to be accepted demonstrates
the inner conflict many faced, caught between their heritage
and the desire for belonging.

3.Question
What role does food play in the characters' lives and their
survival?

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Answer:Food emerges as a symbol of sustenance and
resilience for the characters. Sunja's efforts to sell kimchi and
meet the needs of her family underscore the necessity of hard
work and ingenuity for survival. The meals prepared for Isak
reflect love and care amidst despair, serving not just to
nourish hunger but to maintain familial bonds and offer
comfort during turbulent times. This reliance on food as a
means of survival emphasizes its dual role in coping with
marginalization and hardship.

4.Question
What does Isak's return symbolize for Sunja and the
family?
Answer:Isak's return symbolizes hope and the potential for
healing after a long period of struggle. For Sunja, it
represents a mix of relief and dread, as she faces the reality
of his suffering and change. His condition highlights the toll
that imprisonment and hardship have taken on the family.
This return also stirs complex emotions about survival, love,
and loss, amplifying the family's challenges in an oppressive

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society.

5.Question
How does Sunja's attitude toward her work as a peddler
reflect her character growth throughout the narrative?
Answer:Sunja's transformation from a young woman who
initially views work outside the home with trepidation to a
resilient peddler represents significant character growth. Her
determination to support her family, even when faced with
societal judgment, conveys an empowerment that emerges
from adversity. This shift symbolizes a broader struggle for
agency, illustrating how circumstances can compel
individuals to embrace their strength and resourcefulness.

6.Question
What does the relationship among Sunja, Kyunghee, and
Yoseb reveal about gender roles during this era?
Answer:The interactions among Sunja, Kyunghee, and Yoseb
highlight rigid gender roles that constrain women's autonomy
and economic opportunities. Yoseb's insistence that he alone
should provide for the family reflects patriarchal norms,

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while Sunja and Kyunghee's clandestine decision to work
demonstrates their defiance against these expectations. Their
united front in pursuing work speaks to women's resilience
and adaptability in the face of societal constraints.

7.Question
Why is the theme of identity, as exemplified by Noa's
struggle, significant in 'Pachinko'?
Answer:The theme of identity is critical in 'Pachinko' as it
conveys the struggles of Koreans in a foreign land and the
complexities of belonging. Noa's decision to adopt a
Japanese name while concealing his heritage encapsulates the
psychological toll of colonization and the desire to escape
stigma. His journey illustrates the broader struggles faced by
those in minority communities seeking acceptance, making it
a profound exploration of identity, culture, and personal
worth.

8.Question
In what ways do food and familial care intertwine in this
chapter?

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Answer:Food is interlaced with familial care, serving as the
primary medium of love and nourishment throughout the
chapter. Sunja’s efforts to prepare meals for Isak reflect her
dedication as a wife and mother. Similarly, Yoseb bonds with
his children over snacks, creating moments of joy amidst
hardship. This connection emphasizes how food acts as a
vessel of familial love and cultural identity, anchoring
characters in their relationships despite external pressures.
Chapter 6 | 6| Q&A
1.Question
What does Isak's condition represent in the narrative?
Answer:Isak's deteriorating health symbolizes the
physical and emotional toll of war on families. His
illness brings to light the struggles of his family,
particularly Sunja, as they navigate life without
adequate resources and the looming threat of loss.
Isak's state also represents the fragility of life during
this tumultuous period, showcasing the sacrifices
made for familial bonds.

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2.Question
How does Sunja's perception of her relationship with Isak
change throughout the chapter?
Answer:Sunja reflects on her feelings of guilt and inadequacy
regarding Isak. She recognizes the sacrifices he made for the
family and wishes she had understood him better while he
was able to provide for them. Her realization that their time
together is limited leads to a deep appreciation for their
relationship, highlighting the urgency of cherishing shared
moments.

3.Question
What lessons does Noa learn from Isak during their
limited interactions?
Answer:Noa learns about perseverance, humility, and the
importance of education from Isak. In Isak's encouragement
to go to school and work hard, Noa internalizes the value of
commitment to personal growth despite societal challenges
as a Korean in a Japanese-dominated world.

4.Question
What does Sunja's struggle with her domestic

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responsibilities reveal about women's roles during this
time?
Answer:Sunja's struggle highlights the overwhelming burden
placed on women in wartime. She juggles caring for Isak,
managing household duties, and eventually working to
support her family financially. It showcases both the
resilience of women in these trying times and the societal
expectation for them to bear the brunt of hardship, often
without acknowledgement or support.

5.Question
How does the concept of family manifest through the
interactions between characters?
Answer:Family is depicted as a source of strength and
vulnerability. The interactions between Sunja, Isak, and their
children emphasize the deep bonds that tie them together and
the pain of impending separation. The love and concern they
express for one another, even in moments of despair,
illustrate the power of familial connection to provide comfort
amidst turmoil.

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6.Question
What role does Hansu play in the lives of Sunja and her
family?
Answer:Hansu emerges as a pivotal figure, representing both
a potential lifeline and a complex moral dilemma. His
assistance to Sunja and her family offers them safety and
resources, yet his past with Sunja complicates their
relationship. Hansu's presence serves as a reminder of the
difficult choices that must be made for survival and the
duality of dependency and autonomy.

7.Question
In what ways does the environment reflect the characters'
internal struggles?
Answer:The environment mirrors the characters' emotional
states; the harshness of war-torn Japan is reflected in Isak's
illness and the family's struggle for survival. The scarcity of
food and resources parallels their feelings of helplessness and
vulnerability, reinforcing the theme of survival against
overwhelming odds.

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8.Question
How does the narrative portray the idea of home and
belonging?
Answer:The narrative explores home as both a physical place
and an emotional state. Characters grapple with what it
means to belong, especially as they are displaced by war. The
contrasting experiences of Osaka and Korea create a longing
for safety and stability, emphasizing the painful reality that
home is often unattainable in the face of conflict.

9.Question
What can we learn from the children's aspirations in the
story?
Answer:The children's aspirations reflect hope and resilience
amid adversity. Noa yearns for education and success in a
world that marginalizes him, symbolizing the undying spirit
of youth to dream and strive for a better future. Their
ambitions convey a powerful message about the importance
of education and the belief in a brighter tomorrow.

10.Question
How does the chapter address themes of sacrifice?

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Answer:Sacrifice is a central theme as characters navigate the
challenges of their situation. Isak's acceptance of his fate,
Sunja's tireless efforts to care for her family, and even the
decisions made by Hansu all illustrate the lengths individuals
will go for the ones they love. These sacrifices highlight the
strength of familial bonds and the weight of responsibility
during difficult times.

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Chapter 7 | 7| Q&A
1.Question
What drives Sunja to work late into the night making
candies?
Answer:Sunja is motivated by her desire to provide
for her son Noa's tutoring fees after he narrowly
failed his exams. She feels the weight of financial
responsibility and the need to ensure her son's
education, hoping he can study full time instead of
working as a bookkeeper.

2.Question
How does Yangjin’s view of work and patience change
with age?
Answer:Yangjin once believed she could work harder than
anyone under any circumstances, but as she ages, she finds
herself feeling more tired and impatient. Instead of gaining
patience, she experiences growing frustration, especially with
her daughter's silence.

3.Question
What are the consequences of the war on the lives of

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Sunja and Yangjin?
Answer:The war has stripped away the innocence and
tenderness from people, leaving them wary and tough. Sunja
reflects on her past connections, feeling that the invasion and
subsequent war have tainted the lives of those around her and
severed the sweetness she once knew.

4.Question
What fears do Sunja and Yangjin have regarding the fate
of young Korean girls during the war?
Answer:They are deeply concerned that the girls who left
with recruiters for jobs might have suffered grave fates at the
hands of Japanese soldiers, highlighting the broader issues of
exploitation and violence against women during wartime.

5.Question
How does Sunja feel about her childhood home in Korea
compared to her present life in Osaka?
Answer:Sunja romanticizes her childhood home, recalling its
beauty and abundance, contrasting it with her current
struggles in Osaka, where even the smallest comforts feel

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luxurious. The harsh realities of her present life emphasize
her nostalgia for her past.

6.Question
What is Noa's educational goal and the family’s concerns
around it?
Answer:Noa aspires to attend Waseda University, but the
family worries about funding his education amid ongoing
medical bills and living expenses. There's a sense of urgency
to ensure he can attend school, against their limited means.

7.Question
How does Sunja view the help offered by Koh Hansu?
Answer:Sunja is conflicted about accepting Hansu's help for
Noa's tuition, feeling it may come with burdens and strings
attached, yet acknowledges the desperate circumstances
make it a viable option.

8.Question
What do Mozasu and Noa represent in terms of
aspirations and the pressures placed on them?
Answer:Mozasu represents the younger generation's struggle
with identity and societal expectations, while Noa embodies

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the hope for a better future through education. Both boys are
pressured by their family's sacrifices and the reality of being
Korean in Japan.

9.Question
What role does Goro play in Mozasu’s life and his
perception of work?
Answer:Goro serves as a mentor to Mozasu, providing him
with employment in the pachinko parlor, which offers
Mozasu a sense of belonging and a break from the
discrimination he faces in school. Goro's guidance helps
Mozasu see work as a way to create a better life.

10.Question
What internal conflict does Yoseb experience regarding
his family's future and his illness?
Answer:Yoseb grapples with feelings of guilt and
helplessness due to his illness as he can no longer care for his
family. He struggles with the burden of being a financial
strain while wanting to ensure Noa's education and the
family's well-being.

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11.Question
What does the interaction between Mozasu and the sock
vendor the girl Chiyaki reveal about societal norms?
Answer:Mozasu's protective nature over Chiyaki when faced
with unwanted advances highlights his moral values amid
societal pressures. It also reflects the vulnerability of young
women like Chiyaki in a male-dominated environment.

12.Question
How are Noa's aspirations contrasted with Mozasu’s
reality?
Answer:Noa embodies hope for upward mobility through
education despite the harsh realities of his family's financial
struggles, while Mozasu faces the immediate pressures of
survival and the risk of falling into a cycle of violence and
despair.

13.Question
How does the family’s dynamic reflect their struggle for
survival amid hardship?
Answer:Sunja, Yangjin, and Kyunghee's discussions about
finances and future demonstrate their resilience and the

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burden of familial duty, showcasing how each member
contributes to the family dynamic while navigating their own
aspirations and sacrifices.
Chapter 8 | 8| Q&A
1.Question
What does Noa's experience at Waseda symbolize in
terms of self-discovery and education?
Answer:Noa's time at Waseda represents a crucial
phase in his life, symbolizing not just academic
growth but also a journey towards self-discovery. As
he immerses himself in literature and engages with
new ideas, he begins to form his own identity apart
from the expectations imposed by his Korean
heritage and societal prejudices. His love for
learning allows him to dream of a life filled with
meaning, disconnected from the burdens of
discrimination.

2.Question
How does Hansu's advice about learning differ from
merely studying?

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Answer:Hansu emphasizes the importance of learning for the
sake of knowledge rather than mere academic achievement.
He suggests that true learning is akin to play; it is enjoyable
and enriching, whereas studying is often seen as laborious.
This distinction resonates with Noa, as he finds joy in
learning, which ultimately empowers him to shape his future
and embrace his identity.

3.Question
What does Noa's interactions with Akiko reveal about
societal perceptions and personal relationships?
Answer:Noa's interactions with Akiko highlight the
complexities of navigating personal desires against societal
expectations. Even as he develops a romance with a Japanese
woman, he grapples with cultural differences and prejudices
that threaten to undermine their connection. Akiko's curiosity
about his background brings tension, as Noa struggles with
feelings of shame about his heritage, reflecting the challenges
of identity in a racially stratified society.

4.Question

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How does the introduction of Akiko change Noa's life at
university?
Answer:Akiko's introduction into Noa's life adds a dynamic
of emotional complexity and growth. She challenges him
intellectually and socially, exposing him to new perspectives
while also testing his comfort with his cultural identity. Her
boldness serves as both a temptation and a trial, ultimately
pushing him to confront his fears and desires, even as it
complicates his already fragile sense of self.

5.Question
What internal conflict does Noa face regarding his
heritage and future aspirations?
Answer:Noa grapples with the internal conflict of his Korean
heritage versus his aspirations for a successful life in Japan.
While he longs to excel and prove his worth, he faces the
stigma of being a Korean in a society that devalues his
identity. This turmoil is underscored by his relationships,
particularly with Akiko, where he feels his cultural
background may hinder his acceptance and personal

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happiness.
Chapter 9 | 9| Q&A
1.Question
What motivates Noa to leave his family and start anew?
Answer:Noa feels a deep need to live with integrity,
which he associates with leaving his past and family
behind. He believes that starting a new life is the
best way to reconcile with himself, despite the pain it
causes his family. His decision reflects a struggle for
personal identity amidst familial ties.

2.Question
How does Yoseb react to Noa’s letter, and what does it
signify about his relationship with Noa?
Answer:Yoseb feels a profound sense of loss and
helplessness upon receiving Noa’s letter. He had hoped to
protect Noa, who he sees as a continuation of his deceased
brother Isak. The letter's content signifies a rift not only
within the family but also highlights Yoseb's love and
concern for Noa, mixed with a recognition of the boy's need

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for autonomy.

3.Question
What does Sunja’s determination to find Noa reveal
about her character and her role as a mother?
Answer:Sunja's determination to locate Noa showcases her
unwavering maternal instincts and her desperation. It
illustrates her unwillingness to accept the loss of her son and
her commitment to family, underscoring the emotional and
psychological struggles of a mother faced with separation
from a child.

4.Question
What themes of identity and belonging can be inferred
from Noa's choice to leave?
Answer:Noa's choice to leave touches on themes of identity
and belonging, as he grapples with the complexity of his
heritage and the shame associated with his lineage. His
decision reflects a search for a place where he feels he truly
belongs, away from the burdens of his past.

5.Question
How does the setting of Hansu’s house contrast with

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Sunja's current life?
Answer:Hansu’s opulent house represents a stark contrast to
Sunja’s life of hardship and struggle. It highlights the
socioeconomic divides they face and serves as a symbol of
the barriers between Sunja's past, filled with sacrifice, and
Hansu's present, which is steeped in wealth and privilege.

6.Question
In what way does the interaction between Sunja and
Mieko illustrate cultural tensions?
Answer:The interaction reflects cultural tensions between
Koreans and Japanese in post-war Japan. Mieko's dismissal
of Sunja portrays the prejudices and class disparities that
exist, underscoring the complexities of identity, race, and
power within their interactions.

7.Question
What does the gardener boy's response to Sunja reveal
about empathy and understanding across different social
classes?
Answer:The gardener boy’s willingness to empathize with

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Sunja despite their different social classes indicates a
potential for understanding and compassion that transcends
economic divides. His care shows that human connection can
exist even amidst societal hierarchies.

8.Question
How does the concept of nationhood as proposed by
Benedict Anderson relate to the experiences of the
characters in the chapter?
Answer:The notion of the nation as an imagined community
aligns with the characters' struggles for identity and
belonging within a multicultural and often hostile
environment. Their experiences highlight how individual
narratives of sacrifice, loss, and hope contribute to the larger
mosaic of national identity.

9.Question
What does Yoseb's reflection on forgiveness imply about
the nature of familial relationships?
Answer:Yoseb’s thoughts on the necessity of forgiveness
suggest that familial relationships are complex and often
fraught with anger and disappointment. He emphasizes that

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living without forgiveness can diminish one's essence,
indicating the profound emotional ties that bind families
despite their conflicts.

10.Question
How does the emotional weight carried by each character
shape their decisions throughout the chapter?
Answer:Each character’s emotional burdens—Yoseb's loss,
Sunja's desperation, Noa's inner turmoil—significantly shape
their choices. Their actions stem from a place of deep
personal and collective history, suggesting that their past
experiences heavily influence their present and future
relationships.

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Chapter 10 | 10| Q&A
1.Question
What does the experience of Noa's journey and his
conversation with Bingo reveal about the importance of
human connections and understanding our own identity?
Answer:Noa's journey and his interaction with
Bingo at the café highlight the significance of human
connections in navigating feelings of uncertainty and
belonging. Feeling lost after leaving Waseda
University, Noa's impromptu visit to Nagano
symbolizes a search for comfort and a sense of
identity tied to his past, specifically associated with
his teacher, Reiko Tamura. His openness to talk to a
stranger like Bingo exemplifies how communication
can relieve loneliness and lead to meaningful
connections that help shape one's understanding of
themselves. Bingo's curiosity and genuine interest in
Noa not only make him feel seen but also prompt
Noa to consider possibilities for his future—a stark

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contrast to his previously rigid plans. The essence of
belonging, therefore, isn’t just about physical
location but relational anchorage, as found in shared
stories and mutual understanding.

2.Question
How does Noa's introduction to pachinko by Bingo reflect
the social dynamics and prejudices present in the story?
Answer:Bingo's introduction of Noa to pachinko as a
potential job opportunity encapsulates key social dynamics
within the story: job discrimination against Koreans, the
economic struggles faced by immigrants, and the nature of
acceptance in society. Bingo sharing that pachinko parlors do
not hire foreigners reveals the prejudiced barriers that Noa
faces due to his heritage, simultaneously illustrating how
economic necessity often forces individuals into roles that
reinforce their marginalized status. Despite Noa's skills and
education, he must confront these systemic biases, which
dictate what opportunities are available to him based on
nationality rather than individual merit. This moment

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deepens the narrative's exploration of identity and belonging
and the often harsh realities faced by those who are part of
marginalized communities.

3.Question
What does the conversation between Mozasu and Yumi in
Osaka indicate about their aspirations and the realities
they face as a couple?
Answer:The exchange between Mozasu and Yumi reveals a
poignant tension between their aspirations and the harsh
realities of their lives. While Yumi expresses her desire to
work and her reluctance to submit to her pregnancy, Mozasu
tries to reassure her by painting a hopeful picture of their
future, suggesting they could move to a better place, like
America. This conversation showcases Yumi's independence
and ambition, juxtaposed with Mozasu’s more pragmatic and
cautious approach to family responsibilities. Their
aspirations for a better life conflict with the limitations
imposed by their socio-economic status and the prejudices
they face as Koreans in Japan, highlighting the characters’

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struggles with identity, belonging, and the pursuit of dreams
amid systemic challenges.

4.Question
What underlying themes about motherhood and sacrifice
are apparent in Yumi’s and Sunja’s experiences
throughout this chapter?
Answer:Throughout the chapter, both Yumi and Sunja
embody the theme of motherhood intertwined with sacrifice.
Yumi places her personal ambitions on hold, guided by the
societal expectation to prioritize family, which ultimately
culminates in her experiencing significant health risks during
her pregnancy. This foreshadows the complications and
sacrifices she faces as a mother. In contrast, Sunja displays a
lifetime of unseen sacrifices—from her struggles as a single
mother to her ongoing care for her grandson following her
son Noa's disappearance. Their experiences reflect on how
motherhood often requires women to navigate personal
desires against societal pressures and the relentless burdens
of familial duty. Both women’s stories underline the

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heart-wrenching sacrifices mothers make for their children’s
futures, shaping their identities through layers of love, loss,
and resilience.

5.Question
How does Takano's initial assessment of Noa's abilities
and background reflect broader societal views towards
immigrants and their potential?
Answer:Takano's initial assessment of Noa paints a picture of
the societal views toward immigrants and their perceived
capabilities. His skepticism regarding Noa's education and
the expectation that he could be a 'loser' due to his
background emphasizes the prejudices ingrained in the
working culture regarding those without strong legal or
ethnic identity. Takano's dismissal of Noa's degree in
literature as impractical shows a broader societal tendency to
undervalue educational pursuits for those regarded as
'outsiders.' This reflects how immigrants, especially Koreans
in Japan, are often viewed through a lens of skepticism,
judged not by their potential but by preconceived notions that

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tether them to lowly roles. Moreover, this moment
encapsulates the struggle between personal aspirations and
societal prejudice that characterizes the immigrant
experience, revealing the ongoing fight for acknowledgment
and respect in a foreign culture.
Chapter 11 | 11| Q&A
1.Question
What does Risa Iwamura's character reveal about
societal perceptions of individuals with a problematic
family history?
Answer:Risa's characterization illustrates how
societal judgments can impact one's opportunities
and personal relationships. Despite Risa being
competent and appealing, the stigma from her
father's scandal renders her effectively
unmarriageable, highlighting the harsh realities that
individuals face due to family background. This
reflects societal tendencies to associate personal
worth with family lineage, especially in a

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conservative context.

2.Question
How does Noa's dual identity affect his relationships and
self-perception?
Answer:Noa's decision to live as a Japanese man
significantly complicates his identity. He wrestles with
feelings of shame and the burden of his Korean heritage,
which he perceives as a 'dark, heavy rock.' This internal
conflict inhibits him from fully embracing love and intimacy
with Risa, as he fears vulnerability and exposure of his true
self. His marriage remains stable but emotionally restrained,
demonstrating how identity and external pressures shape
personal relationships.

3.Question
In what ways does the narrative address the theme of
motherhood and its complexities?
Answer:The theme of motherhood is explored through the
actions and emotions of characters like Sunja and Etsuko.
Sunja's unwavering love for her children, despite their

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estranged relationship, illustrates the depth of maternal bonds
and the pain caused by separation. Etsuko's regret over her
past decisions reflects the sacrifices mothers make and the
guilt they carry, especially when their children suffer
consequences of their choices. Both women navigate
complex emotions tied to their roles as mothers against the
backdrop of societal expectations.

4.Question
How do the characters cope with societal and familial
pressures throughout the chapter?
Answer:Characters cope with pressures through a mix of
denial, adaptation, and escapism. Noa, for instance,
maintains a façade of normalcy while suppressing his past,
indicating a form of coping through conformity. Risa builds a
stable home to counteract her family's shame while
distancing herself from her identity. Ayame seeks knowledge
about her desires through exploration but grapples with the
implications of her marriage and social standing. These
coping mechanisms reveal both resilience and the struggle

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against societal norms.

5.Question
What significance does the setting of Matsumoto Castle
have in the broader narrative of the characters' lives?
Answer:Matsumoto Castle serves as a symbolic backdrop for
the family's picnic, representing both historical grandeur and
the weight of personal legacy. Located in a region steeped in
cultural significance, the castle's history parallels the
characters' own struggles with identity and societal
expectations. For instance, as Koichi learns about curses
associated with the castle, it reflects the broader themes of
how personal and familial histories can impose 'curses' on
future generations, mirroring Risa and Noa's challenges.

6.Question
What does Risa's reaction to her emotions during
intimate moments with Noa reveal about her character?
Answer:Risa's emotional response during intimate moments
with Noa reflects her deep-seated fears and longing for
connection amidst her guardedness. Her initial fright on their

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wedding night and the tenderness she shows demonstrate a
stark contrast between her desire for intimacy and her learned
defensiveness shaped by past traumas. This nuance enriches
her character, showcasing the internal battle many face
between yearning for love and the fear of vulnerability.

7.Question
How does the chapter depict the theme of loneliness
among the characters?
Answer:Loneliness permeates the lives of many characters,
manifesting in various forms. Noa and Risa, despite their
marriage, experience a profound sense of isolation due to
their respective pasts. Ayame's struggles with self-identity
and her complicated marriage to Haruki further highlight the
theme, as she grapples with unanswered desires. This
loneliness connects characters across generations,
emphasizing a collective experience that shapes their actions
and relations in a broader societal framework.

8.Question
What role does economic status play in the characters'
interactions and life choices?

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Answer:Economic status significantly influences the
characters' interactions and life choices throughout the
chapter. Noa's position as a successful employee affords him
a comfortable existence but also traps him in the expectations
of conformity and respectability. Risa's middle-class decline
due to her father's scandal underscores the fragility of social
standing tied to financial success. Similarly, Ayame's
experience reveals how class and economic struggles can
dictate personal relationships and social acceptance, driving
pivotal decisions in their lives.

9.Question
How does the author utilize symbols, such as Risa's
handwriting, to convey deeper themes in the narrative?
Answer:Risa's handwriting symbolizes her inner spirit and
the longing for beauty amid her struggles. Noa's admiration
for her writing illustrates how small, personal details can
embody broader themes of identity and emotional
expression. The elegance of Risa's letters contrasts starkly
with the social stigma surrounding her family, suggesting

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that personal artistry and creativity can flourish even in the
face of societal judgment, thereby representing hope and
resilience within the narrative.

10.Question
How does the concept of 'curses' resonate through the
various stories being told in this chapter?
Answer:The motif of 'curses' resonates powerfully,
representing the burdens of familial legacies and societal
perceptions that haunt the characters. The historical curse
associated with Matsumoto Castle serves as a metaphor for
the characters' struggles with their pasts, echoing the shame
and stigma that affect Risa and Noa. The burden of such
'curses' shapes their identities and relationships, highlighting
the generational connections and the enduring implications of
history on present lives.
Chapter 12 | 12| Q&A
1.Question
What does Etsuko’s relationship with her daughter Hana
reveal about maternal bonds and expectations?

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Answer:Etsuko struggles with her roles as a mother,
feeling judged by Hana who believes her mother
failed to be present and nurturing. This dynamic
highlights the complexities of maternal expectations
where Etsuko’s mistakes affect Hana’s perception of
her mothering. Even after all her attempts to
reconnect, Etsuko discovers that Hana views her as
selfish and emotionally distant, indicating that the
mother-daughter bond can be fraught with
misunderstandings and unmet expectations.

2.Question
How does Solomon's character embody the challenges of
identity and belonging in a multicultural context?
Answer:Solomon straddles two cultures—Japanese and
Korean—and feels the burden of expectations from both. His
experiences at the restaurant reveal the affluent lifestyle of
his peers contrasted with his struggles in navigating cultural
identities, and he grapples with the pressure to succeed in an
environment that might not fully accept him. The tension

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between wanting to fit in while carrying the weight of his
heritage shapes his identity, illustrating the broader theme of
belonging in a hybrid cultural landscape.

3.Question
In what ways does Hana’s comment about being ‘just a
kid with divorced parents’ reflect her internal struggles?
Answer:Hana’s statement underscores her feelings of
abandonment and her desperate desire for connection, as she
equates her self-worth with her family’s stability. This
reflects her unresolved issues regarding her identity
stemming from her family dynamics. It also indicates her
yearning for acceptance amidst her turbulent life and her
journey toward self-definition in a world that often overlooks
her pain.

4.Question
What role does the concept of sacrifice play in the
interactions between Etsuko and Hana?
Answer:The theme of sacrifice emerges as Hana perceives
Etsuko’s decisions to prioritize work and independence over

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familial obligation as selfish. Etsuko defends her choices,
believing her sacrifices are meant to provide a better life for
her children, revealing the complexity of sacrifice where
intentions may be misunderstood. Their exchanges reflect the
misunderstandings that can arise when sacrifices are not
recognized or appreciated by the ones for whom they are
made.

5.Question
How does the narrative explore the theme of generational
trauma and its impact on personal identity?
Answer:Generational trauma is explored through the
characters’ experiences of loss, abandonment, and cultural
dislocation. Etsuko and Sunja are burdened by their pasts,
which influence their maternal instincts and the way they
connect with the younger generation. Hana's resentment and
feelings of inadequacy reflect the inherited struggles from her
mother's unresolved issues, illustrating how trauma can be
passed down and shape identities across generations.

6.Question

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What does the interaction between Sunja and Yangjin
reveal about the nature of suffering in the lives of
women?
Answer:The conversation between Sunja and Yangjin
highlights the cultural expectation of suffering as an inherent
aspect of womanhood. Yangjin's insistence that a woman’s
role is to endure reinforces the idea that women must bear
their burdens silently while often sacrificing their needs for
their families. This exchange questions the normalization of
suffering and suggests a deeper desire for recognition and
understanding beyond mere endurance.

7.Question
How do Solomon’s feelings about Hana compare to his
feelings toward his family?
Answer:Solomon feels a mixture of admiration and anxiety
toward Hana, driven by his infatuation and the thrill of their
secretive relationship. In contrast, his emotions towards his
family are marked by a deep sense of duty and obligation.
While he seeks happiness in Hana’s presence, he grapples

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with the responsibilities he carries as a son, highlighting a
duality in his life where romantic feelings conflict with
familial expectations.

8.Question
What insights can be drawn about the significance of
memory in shaping the characters’ identities?
Answer:Memory plays a crucial role in shaping identities as
characters reflect on their past experiences, influencing how
they view themselves and their relationships. Etsuko recalls
her early motherhood with longing and regret, while Sunja
reflects on her sacrifices as she deals with her own grief.
These memories create an emotional landscape that informs
their actions, decisions, and relationships with others,
illustrating how the past can weigh heavily on the present.

9.Question
What does the dynamic between Etsuko and Mozasu
reveal about the challenges of intimacy and connection in
their relationship?
Answer:Etsuko and Mozasu’s relationship is fraught with
unspoken tensions and societal judgments. While there is a

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mutual care present, their intimacy is hindered by Etsuko’s
fears of being labeled and her struggle with her own identity
as a mother. Mozasu’s desire for connection is met with
Etsuko's hesitance, revealing the complexity of forming
genuine emotional bonds when past experiences and societal
roles loom large.

10.Question
In what ways does the setting of the restaurant function
as a metaphor for the characters’ lives?
Answer:The restaurant serves as a microcosm of the
characters' lives, illustrating the blend of nourishment and
hardship within their familial and social interactions. It
symbolizes Etsuko's labor and sacrifices while also acting as
a space for connection, conflict, and reflection. As characters
gather, the restaurant becomes a backdrop for pivotal
moments that shape their identities, highlighting the dual
nature of life where joy and sorrow often coexist.

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Chapter 13 | 13| Q&A
1.Question
What can we learn from Solomon's relationship with
Hana about the importance of communication and
support in friendships?
Answer:Solomon's relationship with Hana
highlights the necessity of open communication in
friendships, especially during tough times. While
Solomon reaches out to Hana, she is protective of
her struggles and refuses to let him help, showing
that sometimes, people need external
acknowledgment and support. This illustrates how
important it is to express concern and offer support,
as well as the challenges some individuals face in
accepting help.

2.Question
How does Hana's character development illustrate the
impact of choices and circumstances on one's life?
Answer:Hana's journey shows how her choices—leaving her
family and becoming a hostess—combined with her

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circumstances, like her struggles with addiction and a lack of
support, lead her to a path of self-destruction. Her initial
independence turns into isolation, showcasing how life
choices can spiral when not accompanied by healthy coping
mechanisms and support systems.

3.Question
What does Kazu's perspective on taxes (success tax, shit
tax, mediocre tax) reveal about societal expectations and
pressures?
Answer:Kazu’s categorization of 'taxes' on success and
mediocrity indicates the societal pressures individuals face
regarding success and identity. He implies that those who
succeed must navigate jealousy and expectation, while those
who live mediocrity face the burden of their own
dissatisfaction. This reflects broader societal issues about
success, identity, and the pressure to conform to certain
ideals.

4.Question
How does Solomon's realization about his family's past
impact his identity and decisions moving forward?

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Answer:Solomon grapples with the implications of his
family's history, particularly around his father's pachinko
business and the stigma attached to it. This awareness
influences his self-perception, driving him to prove his worth
professionally while simultaneously feeling the weight of his
heritage and the discrimination associated with it. His
experiences push him to reconcile his cultural identity with
his ambitions.

5.Question
What does the conversation between Solomon and Kazu
about the mediocrity tax suggest about the dangers of
complacency?
Answer:Kazu's comments about the mediocrity tax suggest
that complacency can hinder personal growth and fulfillment.
When individuals choose to play it safe to avoid risk, they
may miss out on opportunities for genuine achievement.
Kazu encourages Solomon to embrace his potential and not
become another conforming voice, suggesting that true
success comes from boldness and standing out.

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6.Question
How does the portrayal of Hana’s situation serve as a
commentary on societal attitudes towards mental health
and addiction?
Answer:Hana's struggles with addiction and mental health
reflect a societal tendency to stigmatize rather than
understand individuals in her condition. Her denial and
reluctance to seek help demonstrate a fear of judgment and
vulnerability. The narrative calls attention to the need for
compassionate support systems and understanding rather
than shame.

7.Question
What significance does Solomon's poker game have in the
context of his professional and personal life?
Answer:The poker games symbolize Solomon's navigation of
risks and relationships in his professional life. His success at
the table reflects his sharp mind and strategic thinking but
also serves as a metaphor for his ability to manage his
identity—using his cultural background to his advantage
while navigating a foreign corporate environment. It

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highlights the balance between luck and skill in both poker
and life.

8.Question
In what ways does the dynamic between Solomon and
Phoebe illustrate the complexities of identity and culture
in relationships?
Answer:The relationship between Solomon and Phoebe
underscores the intricate layers of cultural identity. Although
they share a Korean background, their differing experiences
in Japan reveal the complexities faced by immigrant families.
Phoebe’s struggles with cultural perception and Solomon's
ties to a conflicting legacy create a tension that showcases
the difficulty of navigating relationships across cultural lines.

9.Question
What lesson does the narrative convey regarding the
importance of seeking help and support in difficult times?
Answer:The narrative powerfully conveys that asking for
help is crucial, especially during difficult times. Both Hana's
refusal to accept support and Solomon's eagerness underscore
the necessity of vulnerability. This relationship dynamic

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demonstrates that reaching out for help is not a sign of
weakness but an essential step toward healing and
understanding.

10.Question
How does the closing scene reflect on themes of loss and
the impact it has on individuals?

Answer:The closing scene with Hana’s deteriorating

condition signifies profound loss—not just of her health but
of the dreams and potential that once existed. For Solomon,
losing Hana is a confrontation with his past, shaping his
identity and future choices. This moment encapsulates the
narrative's exploration of how loss shapes one’s path in life,
driving home the impact of relationships on personal growth.
Chapter 14 | 14| Q&A
1.Question
What does Solomon's discussion with Goro and Totoyama
about his job loss reveal about the expectations placed on
him?
Answer:Solomon feels the weight of expectation,

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struggling with societal pressures to succeed in a
traditional career path like finance, while his father
Mozasu holds traditional views about status and
respectability. Goro's encouragement to take over
the pachinko business suggests a different, perhaps
more authentic path that contrasts with the banking
pressures Solomon faces.

2.Question
How does the setting of Empire Cafe symbolize a sense of
belonging and nostalgia for Solomon?
Answer:Empire Cafe, where Solomon's father would take
him as a child, represents his roots and the comfort of
familiarity. The atmosphere of the cafe, filled with laughter
and camaraderie among Mozasu's friends, contrasts sharply
with Solomon's current feelings of isolation and loss,
particularly following his job termination.

3.Question
How does Hana's perspective on life in Japan challenge
Solomon's views?

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Answer:Hana reflects on the harsh realities of being
marginalized in Japan as a Korean, emphasizing that no
matter one's achievements, societal acceptance is elusive. Her
candidness about the sordid aspects of society and her life
experience pushes Solomon to reconsider his notions of
success and belonging.

4.Question
What is the significance of Solomon’s decision to consider
working in pachinko?
Answer:Solomon's contemplation of taking over his father's
business marks a pivotal shift in his identity. It signifies his
rejection of external pressures and a desire to embrace his
heritage, contrasting sharply with the traditional allure of a
secure finance job.

5.Question
How do Solomon's interactions with Phoebe illustrate the
cultural clash he faces?
Answer:Phoebe's straightforward assessment of Kazu
highlights the cultural misunderstanding and bias that exists

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in Solomon's world. Her perspective embodies a foreigner’s
critique of Japanese customs, and her struggles to adapt
accentuate Solomon's own ambivalence about belonging to
two cultures.

6.Question
What role does family play in Solomon's emotional
struggles in this chapter?
Answer:His familial ties offer both comfort and an internal
conflict. Solomon’s conversations with his father reflect his
desire to be accepted and to honor their legacy, while also
grappling with the feeling that he doesn't entirely fit in with
either American or Japanese cultures, resulting in a pervasive
sense of loneliness.

7.Question
How does the chapter address the theme of identity in a
multicultural context?
Answer:Identity in this chapter is multifaceted, as Solomon
navigates his Korean heritage in Japan while attempting to fit
into American ideals. Characters like Hana and Phoebe serve

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as contrasting lenses through which Solomon contemplates
his place in a society that marginalizes him regardless of his
achievements.

8.Question
What does Solomon's feeling of being 'a gaijin' suggest
about his sense of self?
Answer:This term denotes his status as an outsider in Japan,
magnifying his feelings of alienation despite his
accomplishments. It illustrates the internal conflict he
experiences—torn between cultural affiliation and a profound
sense of being an outsider.

9.Question
In what ways does the discussion of death and legacy
shape the characters’ perspectives on life in this chapter?
Answer:Death permeates the interactions; Solomon, Hana,
and others face mortality, which underscores the importance
of legacy. Characters wrestle with what it means to live
honorably and fulfill their family's expectations, tie their
worth to upholding the past while seeking their own futures.

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10.Question
How does the chapter’s conclusion suggest a
resolution—or lack thereof—regarding Solomon's
future?
Answer:As Solomon leaves Phoebe, he embraces the
potential of his own path, hinting at a tentative acceptance of
taking over the pachinko business. However, the concluding
feelings of uncertainty and disconnection from his romantic
partner suggest that the resolution of his identity crisis is still
in progress.

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Pachinko Quiz and Test
Check the Correct Answer on Bookey Website

Chapter 1 | 1| Quiz and Test

1.Hoonie was born with a cleft palate and a twisted
foot, causing him to be seen as inferior.
2.Yangjin was hesitant to marry Hoonie because of his
physical appearance.
3.Only Sunja, one of Hoonie and Yangjin's children, survived
through their struggles.
Chapter 2 | 2| Quiz and Test
1.Sunja is a young Korean girl who has feelings for
Koh Hansu, a successful businessman.
2.Koh Hansu is single and has no family obligations when he
becomes involved with Sunja.
3.Isak is a young pastor who proposes to marry Sunja, giving
her hope for her future.
Chapter 3 | 3| Quiz and Test
1.Sunja's wedding ceremony was long and elaborate,
filled with joy and celebration.

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2.Pastor Shin pressured Sunja to acknowledge her past
mistakes and seek forgiveness before marrying Isak.
3.Sunja felt content and thrilled about leaving her home to
start a new life in Japan with Isak's family.

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Chapter 4 | 4| Quiz and Test
1.Sunja feels a strong sense of belonging in Osaka
despite being pregnant.
2.Kyunghee dreams of starting a business selling kimchi,
despite her husband believing in traditional gender roles.
3.Yoseb's anger towards Sunja stems from her desire for
financial independence and her decision to secure a loan.
Chapter 5 | 5| Quiz and Test
1.Yoseb returns home to find his family present and
excited to see him.
2.Noa excels at school while trying to hide his identity as a
Korean.
3.Sunja struggles against hostility from other sellers in the
market while trying to support her family.
Chapter 6 | 6| Quiz and Test
1.Sunja is caring for her ailing husband, Isak, who is
reflecting on their past during World War II in
Osaka.
2.Noa shows indifference towards his father's condition and

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 does not care to support his family during this time.
3.Hansu warns Sunja about the impending bombing and
encourages her to stay in Osaka for the safety of her
children.

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Chapter 7 | 7| Quiz and Test
1.Sunja wakes up to make candies in the middle of
the night because she is anxious about her son
Noa's tutoring expenses.
2.Mozasu is excelling in school and does not face any
bullying due to his ethnicity.
3.The chapter emphasizes the strong bond between Sunja and
her husband Isak, who is present and supportive in their
struggles.
Chapter 8 | 8| Quiz and Test
1.Noa thrives in an environment free from
prejudices at Waseda University.
2.Mozasu is not interested in supporting his family and has
no aspirations for a confectionery business.
3.Akiko Fumeki is a quiet and reserved sociology student
who does not engage in debates.
Chapter 9 | 9| Quiz and Test
1.Noa has withdrawn from Waseda University and
moved to a new city.

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2.Sunja feels positively about Noa cutting ties with his past
and moving forward.
3.Hansu's wife, Mieko, immediately recognizes Sunja's
situation and offers her help.

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Chapter 10 | 10| Quiz and Test
1.In April 1962, Noa decides to leave Waseda
University and visit his middle school teacher's
hometown.
2.Noa was encouraged by Bingo to work in a gaming
establishment while feeling a disconnection with his past.
3.Yumi suffers multiple miscarriages and is now pregnant
again, showing her determination to work despite health
risks.
Chapter 11 | 11| Quiz and Test
1.Risa Iwamura works as a head filing clerk at the
Cosmos Pachinko parlor.
2.Noa (Nobuo Ban) struggles with his Japanese identity but
openly identifies as Korean.
3.Ayame Totoyama feels fulfilled and connected in her
marriage to Haruki.
Chapter 12 | 12| Quiz and Test
1.Hana is pregnant and this revelation causes
concern for Etsuko, Hana's mother.

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2.Solomon's birthday party is characterized by joy and does
not reflect the struggles faced by his family as children of
immigrants.
3.The chapter highlights the generational trauma and
disconnect between Etsuko and Hana through their
emotional confrontation.

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Chapter 13 | 13| Quiz and Test
1.In Chapter 13 of 'Pachinko', Solomon reaches out
to Hana, who is struggling with her chaotic life as
a hostess in a club in Tokyo.
2.Solomon is committed to Hana and tries to convince her to
return to Japan by offering her education and support.
3.Hana's relationship with her mother, Etsuko, is portrayed as
harmonious and free of emotional tension in the chapter.
Chapter 14 | 14| Quiz and Test
1.In Chapter 14 of 'Pachinko', Solomon celebrates a
promotion at his job.
2.The chapter illustrates Solomon's struggle with his identity
and his family's expectations.
3.Hana suggests that Solomon should pursue a traditional
career in finance rather than take over the pachinko
business.

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