| \s ‘Starter will not turn engine, but headlights dim: : : ed, engine Battery flat, Corroded loose connection, Starter jamm seized. 3 ——_*— Starter will not turn engine, but headlights unaffected: Defective starter solendid, switch or motor, starter gear not ~ > engaging (motor will be spinning’ fast) Engine turns too slowly to start: Battery Flat, corroded or loose connectors, Defective starter motor, oil in sump too thick, Partial seizure of engine Engine turns normally but will not fire: Defective Ingitwgn System - spark plugs, contact breaker points condenser, high Wension coil: ‘Rotgréem. Distributor cap leads and connections, Defective Fuelgeysteim- Fuel pump, carburettor, fuel lines, fuel tank (check fuel level and make sure air cap. enter at-the top. e Engine Backfires through exhaust pipe; Carburettor or Kicks back’: iming faulty, valve timing spark plug leads, transposed, Ignitio faulty eT ine Fires but will not run Defective fuel system as above, inconsistent spark (sporadic fault in ignition system) Engine will not idle when cold 4 gegeore operation incorrect Engine will not idle when hot! S Incorrect Carburettor slow running or mixture adjustment, blocked slow running jets, choke stuck on, Float chamber flooding, Carburetto: piston sticking or intake air leakage. _ Engine idles rough: carburettor mixture incorrectly adjusted, Incorrect contact breaker points gap, dirty or incorrectly set spark plugs, Ignition timing , faulty or intake air leak. . é Bia : : Scanned with CamScannerDefe Firs _ Engine will not aceclerate Clearly? a i tting or poke mixture set = Insufficient fuel carburettor faulty - accelerator PUP! oT git stromberg seized piston © dambe: g@e distributor, 3 x lack of damber side supply, Dirty air cleaner, short circuit. ins: intake air leakage. Engine loses power sorrect, insufficient “¢ breaker or spark Accelerator adjustments inc fining incorrect, valve timing incorrect, contac e a plug points gap in correct, valve clearance incorrect, intake air leakage, partial seizure. . Engine Misfires or Pulls back Ignition system faulty : check as for “engine turns normally but will not fire" Dirty ‘air bisener, contaminated fuel or low fued level. compression, IgnitioP FAULTY FINDING Engine runs on after switching off or "Pinks" Incorrect Excessive carbon deposits in chambers, Incorrect fuel grader spark plug type, overheating Engine Overheats Lack of coolant, Faulty radiator hase, loose fan belt, Defective thermostat, coolant passages blocked, Faulty cooling fan, Ignition timing incorrect, ‘carburettor mixture setting incorrect, Faulty cylinder head gasket, Fualty Water pump _ Excessive Fuel Consumption , Incorrect Carburettor mixture setting, choke stuck on Excessive Oil Consumption Jinder or valve guides 0il leak Worn piston rings, Cy. or_stays on all the time, oil (warning) light comes on at low speeds. ’ or gauge reading low: worn crankshaft bearings Low oil level,Faulty switch, Faulty gauge, (ugually accompanied by knocking noise) Faulty oil pick-up pipe Fablty oil pump. . : 0il warning light comes on or gauge reaching falls during cornering or braking: Low oil level, Faulty oil pick up pipe ning light Stays on above tick” overs OF ammeter _shows Ignition War! discharge Broken or loose belt, Faulty generatorr Faulty control box, Faulty wiring. Scanned with CamScanner: p RECTIFICATION efective Fuel System First check that fuel is reaching the carburettor - pipe from the float chamber and turning the ignition 9f moving th rettor PY on (electric - el pump) or turning the engine over (mechanical pump) - If aoe pours out of the pipe then the fuel pump is probably ea tank vent. although there may be a blockage in the pipe oe sre the mechanical MAKE SURE THERE IS FUEL IN THE TANK. The diaphi eee ly, but spa’ oF ee pump can be replaced quite easily and cheaply, but Electric pumps are not so easy to come by, so it is common oo a repalcement unit if everything is working and fuel is oe 4 oke out, then the fault probably lies in the carburettor itselt- 0 sure fuel is entering the float chamber and is filling it :O e 't disturbing settings. correct level; also clean all the jets, without Ignition timing or valve timing Faulty These should be checked and adjusted . Inconsistent _spark This cam be caused by any of the faults listed under "defective Ignition system" ‘ Incorrect Carburettor Adjustment The settings should be checked and reset. Float Chamber Flooding The fuel level should be altered by adjusting the float valve or if the valve is worn, the assembly should be replaced. Carburettor Piston Sticking The first is because of decentralised main jet which can be correc’ by adjusting the second is corrosion on the piston or cylinder which, can be rectified by cleaning both surfaces. Intake Air Leak This is usually caused by a faulty gasket or a loose mounting. All nuts and bolts should be checked and any faulty gaskets replaced Valve Clearances Incorrect With a push rod and rocker set up the clearances can be adjusted - by means of a spanner and screw drive and a feeler gauge or a special tappet adjusting tool. The rocker cover should be removed een rocker and valve stem can be checked. so that the clearances betw If they are incorrect the locknuts must be loosened and the screw adjusters turned until the correct setting is obtained. ‘The Yocknut must then be tightened. Overhead camshafts usually require the use of shims (spacers) to give the required clearance, and the maker's literature should be consulted. FAULT RECTIFICATION Scanned with CamScannerWig 4 ag Carbon deposits in combustion chambers pattie 2 its scr The cylinder head should be removed and the deposits ee ppc tne the chambers and piston crown using @ pblun' instruments using 4 » se tine the valves should be ground on to EneAr Goce the valve 1 Special tool and grinding paste ~ remember clearances. Leose Fan Belts nerator mounting belts and loosening the ge! a he belt on its longest 1 the play in tl Tf the belt is too tight damage to This is usually adjusted by removing that component unti xun is half an inch (1,27cm). bearings can result. Defective Thermostat it and placing it in boiling water. If it opens and closes when hot and cold respectively then " This term can’ be checked by removing it is functioning correctly. Defective Water Pump The unit must be replaced if it is defective as it is not practicable to repair the pump. On most engines this involves no more than removing from belt and fan, unbolting the unit and fitting the new one- with a new gasket. Defective Oil Switch or Gauge Switches are fairly cheap, but gauges should be repaired by their manufacturers Worn Crankshaft Bearings In most cases if the crankshaft bearing are worn, the shaft itself will be damaged and will have to be reground before new bearings eo fitted. Defective Oil Pick-Up Pipe Unfortunately, major dismantling is required to reach this pipe. This should be done in a garage because the engine may have to be removed. ; Defective Generator amos both need new brushes very often. These are - Alternators and dy: ing the end cover from the generator. cheap and can be fitted by remov. FAULT RECTIFICATION Flat Battery but check that there is no discahrge when Push or tow-start the car k Rverything is turned off, either with ammeter or by looking for sparks everYtconnecting or reconnecting the mark battery lead. If after charg the battery soon runs down, even though it is correctly topped up, it must be renewed. : Scanned with CamScanner‘buretter is a precision and delicate equipment, hence its service should in ‘dance wit - accordance with the particular manufacturer's instructions- ghe following - erefore , is just a general guide of possible complaints and their spective causes. ‘FIXED ~ CHORE CARBURETTER COMPLAINT y Difficult starting from colt \ Difficult restarting when hot Poor slow running Acceleration, flat spot CAUSE 4. Needle valve in float chamber sticking in closed position; choke stranger flap not completely closing when dashboard control is fully extended. = Worn needle valve assembly in float aoe cea aeeiag Flosding and overri(@G. Damaged or sticking float assembly similarly allowing floading and __.. soverrichness. v - obstrietion to slow running petrol feed and wir bleed circuits, including progression port; Tapered end of slow renning screw damaged by being.forced against: seqiting; slow running adjustment ‘10t being retained owing to ineffective spring loading under screw head. = Too low fuel level in float che Accelerating pup piston/diaphral moving freely; inlet valve ne closing properly; | Obstruction te! discharge jet; ged accelerating pum diaphragm. Lack of power u ~ Obstruction to fuel; jet and air bleed passages of main metjering circuit; Throttle valve not £¥Lly opéning even though accelerator pedal is fully depressed. {foc High fuel consumption - Choke strangler flap not completely opening when dashboard control is released; Bypass valve not closing properly; Damage economy air valve diaphragm; Worn needle valve assembly of float chamber; Leakage from any joints below fuel level in float chamber Scanned with CamScannerB VARIABLE ~ CHOKE CARBURETTER ‘COMPLAINT Poor slow running CAUSE Imcorrect fuel Level caused PY maladjusted floats, wear or dirt in needle valve ceembly of feat chamber; Air valve ed diaphragm seal for air niver Charuction to vent holes in air valve “i float chambers; Air valve needle ihcorkectly fitted or not correct to specifications. Acceleration flat spot Zack of power 7 - as those mentioned above; Air valve damper snopgrative due to lack of oil, Air valve turin spring not fitted or incorrect to specifications = Throttle valve not fully opening even though accelerator pedal is fully depressed. High fuel consumption ; 1. = Any of the causes given for poor slow running or flat spot; Fuel leakage from static seals such as float chamber joint or © ~ ring for jet plug. Warm idling (choke fully off) Cold starting (full choke) 4 a cola running / (hai choke) 6-8 -8 GL 10 4) Economical /cruising (part throttle opening) Aéceleration 12 1 Pull power (full throttle) L az PREP : E. GOKO, FEB 1994 : Scanned with CamScannerver _Jammed _ser_dammed f rds and ngage top gear and remove handbrake, rock the car backWar'S. 1" quare forwards until the strater disengages. If this fails, end of the starter shaft with a spanner: Seized or Partially Seizea Engines ape unit should be stripped to find the cause, th: job. Starter gear not engaging If the starter is of the older jnertia type, then must be removed and the bendix gear freed by cleaning with Petrol, if it TF the new pre - engaging type, then the solenoid must be checke : and if necessary replaced. is is a skilled Defective starter solenoid or switch These itemsshould be replaced if starter works when either is by. Passed. Defective Ignition System Remove a spark plug lead from its plug cap, hold its end close to the cylinder head and look for a spark when the engine is turned with the ignition on. Alternatively, If you have a spare plug, connect one of the leads to this and hold it against the engine. 4 If there is a spark, then the spark plugs must be cleaned or replaced. ) If there is no spark, the distributor points should be cleaned =‘ ‘and adjusted but if this does not work and the leads and connectors are okay, then there must be a fault in the distributor cap (check that the central carbon brush is protruding far enough to touch the rotor arm) or rotor arm (it may have twisted on its shaft). It is very rare for the condenser to break temporarily. If all Ise fails, the high tension coil must be checked, but other the oblem usually lies with the distributor, leads or plugs. /st : Scanned with CamScanner