Internet of Things
Dr. Mostafa Ibrahim El- Khalil
2025
Lecture 1
2
Students Book
3
Google Classroom
https://classroom.google.com/c/NzUwNzg4NDExNDE3?cjc=th56env
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Introduction
5
Introduction
What is IoT ? Server
Social Media Mail Server
&
Chatting app
Wearable devices
Meters Utilities
6
Home Appliance
Introduction
What is IoT ?
Internet
of
Thing
Many Things connected via the Internet
Introduction
What is IoT ?
The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a network of
physical devices, vehicles, appliances, and other physical
objects that are embedded with sensors, software, and
network connectivity, allowing them to collect and share
data.
Introduction
What is IoT ?
IoT devices—also known as “smart objects”—can range
from simple “smart home” devices like smart
thermostats, to wearables like smartwatches and RFID-
enabled clothing, to complex industrial machinery and
transportation systems. Technologists are even
envisioning entire “smart cities” predicated on IoT
technologies.
Introduction
IoT enables these smart devices to communicate with
each other and with other internet-enabled devices. Like
smartphones and gateways, creating a vast network of
interconnected devices that can exchange data and
perform various tasks autonomously. This can include:
Monitoring environmental conditions in farms
Managing traffic patterns with smart cars and other smart
automotive devices
Controlling machines and processes in factories
Tracking inventory and shipments in warehouses
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IoT Applications
IoT Application Main Categories
Home Consumers
Characteristics
1- Serving many Devices
2- Connected to Wi-Fi
3- Free of Charge (Revenue from advertising)
4- Low Revenues
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IoT Applications
IoT Application Main Categories
Smart cities /
Industry
Home Consumers
Smart Cities have streets, electricity columns for lighting. To manage
lighting, number of working hours, quantity of lighting will be remotely
controlled and managed. There will be smart parking, we need to know
places of car stops, parking are busy or empty, all of this will be also
remotely controlled.
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IoT Applications
IoT Application Main Categories
Smart cities /
Industry
Home Consumers
Smart Cities will also have sensors and devices that measure temperature,
humidity, noise level and overcrowding in different places in a city. So smart
cities also have huge number of sensors and devices
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IoT Applications
IoT Application Main Categories
Smart cities /
Industry
Home Consumers
This category also includes Smart Industries, so factories will be managed
remotely. 1- Operation of the factory. 2- Quality Control.
3- The quantity of products. 4- Energy Consumption.
5- Resources Consumption.
Factory use these applications to produce more, to earn more. 14
IoT Applications
IoT Application Main Categories
Smart cities /
Industry
Home Consumers Characteristics
1- High Revenues “Business to Business applications”
2- There is no much applications, but they control a great number of devices.
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IoT Applications
IoT Application Main Categories
Smart cities /
Industry
Home Consumers
Medical Applications /
Health body
Devices that will be used for medical purposes, these devices will be
available not only on hospitals but also, they may be implanted devices
“Devices installed inside human body”.
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IoT Applications
IoT Application Main Categories
Smart cities /
Industry
Artificial Pancreas
Home Consumers
Medical Applications /
Health body
Diabetics require constant monitoring and analysis, there will be artificial
pancreas that will be implanted in the human body, it analyzes the diabetes
and send the results through the internet to the cloud .
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IoT Applications
IoT Application Main Categories
Smart cities /
Industry
Artificial Pancreas
Home Consumers
Medical Applications /
Health body
The system on the internet decides if the patient need insulin, then it will
send back to the implanted artificial pancreas to use the insulin saved in the
pancreas bump .
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IoT Applications
IoT Application Main Categories
Smart cities /
Industry
Artificial Pancreas
Home Consumers
Medical Applications /
Health body
This means that the devices need to send messages outside the human
body, so these devices require long life battery. These devices require long
approval process and research process which need a lot of time and money.
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IoT Applications
IoT Application Main Categories
Smart cities /
Industry
Artificial Pancreas
Home Consumers
Medical Applications /
Health body
These devices also require long approval process and research process
which need a lot of time and money. It should be applied several time on
volunteers.
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IoT Applications
IoT Application Main Categories
Smart cities /
Industry
Artificial Pancreas
Home Consumers
Medical Applications /
Health body
Characteristics
1- Devices require long life batteries “Processing Powel should be too little”
2- Serving few devices.
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IoT Applications
IoT Application Main Categories
Smart cities /
Industry Transportation/ Mobility
Home Consumers
Medical Applications /
Health body
All types of transportations have the same challenge “Mobility“, so it’s
location always changes.
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IoT Applications
IoT Application Main Categories
Smart cities /
Industry Transportation/ Mobility
Home Consumers Characteristics
Medical Applications /
Health body 1- Location based Services
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IoT Applications
IoT Application Main Categories
Smart cities /
Industry Transportation/ Mobility
Home Consumers
Medical Applications /
Health body
Regular maintenance is another important point for mobility category. We
regularly call customer service to take an appointment for maintenance,
they give us a detailed report about your car, they got all information from
sensors that are already exist on the car “data is saved on small computer ”24
IoT Applications
IoT Application Main Categories
Smart cities /
Industry Transportation/ Mobility
Home Consumers
On-board diagnostic
Medical Applications /
Health body
The collected data is saved on small computer called “on-board diagnostic”
already exist inside the car. 25
IoT Applications
IoT Application Main Categories
Smart cities /
Industry Transportation/ Mobility
Home Consumers
Medical Applications /
Health body
Using IoT, car is connected to the Internet, so the data already will
periodically transfer to the maintenance center over Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, 3G or
4G SIM card.
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IoT Applications
IoT Application Main Categories
Smart Building /
Infrastructure
Smart cities /
Industry Transportation/ Mobility
Home Consumers
Medical Applications /
Health body
Administrative buildings have access control for the building “There are
gates that allow us to enter the building” .
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IoT Applications
IoT Application Main Categories
Smart Building /
Infrastructure
Smart cities /
Industry Transportation/ Mobility
Home Consumers
Medical Applications /
Health body
Building also have energy, lights, cooling , air conditions. We need to control
these things and measure the energy all these things use, measure the
temperature, and the quality of air inside the buildings is suitable to the
number of people exciting in the building. 28
IoT Applications
IoT Application Main Categories
Smart Building /
Infrastructure
Smart cities /
Industry Transportation/ Mobility
Home Consumers
Medical Applications /
Health body
The traditional Building management system can control all the previous
services. IoT covert the Building management system to Cloud Based
System which can serve many building at the same time
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IoT Applications
IoT Application Main Categories
Smart Building /
Infrastructure
Smart cities /
Industry Transportation/ Mobility
Home Consumers
Medical Applications /
Health body
The traditional Building management system can control all the previous
services. IoT covert the Building management system to Cloud Based
System which can serve many building at the same time.
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IoT Applications
IoT Application Main Categories
Smart Building /
Infrastructure
Smart cities /
Industry Transportation/ Mobility
Home Consumers
Medical Applications /
Health body
IoT covers another infrastructure services such as observing stability,
leaning, load and tension. This mean that, there will be devices implanted in
the concrete of ceiling and these devices are implanted during building, so it
need permanent source of power. 31
IoT Applications
IoT Application Main Categories
Smart Building /
Infrastructure
Smart cities /
Industry Transportation/ Mobility
Home Consumers
Medical Applications /
Health body
Regular maintenances, streets may need if the street over used. IoT solve
this problem by monitoring the implanted devices under asphalt which
measure the temperature, humidity and the load of it.
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