Unit 3: Ways of Socialising

A. Vocabulary and Structure

 Vocabulary
ITEMS PHRASES / COLLOCATIONS / STRUCTURES / SYN. / ANT.
1. Socialise /ˈsəʊʃəlaɪz/ (v) + with sb: hoà nhập xã hội, hòa mình
 Society /səˈsaɪəti/ (n): cộng đồng, xã hội
Social services/problems/situation
 Social /ˈsəʊʃl/ (a): thuộc xã hội
 Sociable /ˈsəʊʃəbl/ (a): hoà đồng
2. Apologize /əˈpɑːlədʒaɪz/ (v) + to sb for V-ing: xin lỗi Apologize to sb for V-ing
 Apology /əˈpɑːlədʒi/ (n): lời xin lỗi Make an apology to sb
 Apologetic /əˌpɑːləˈdʒetɪk/ (a): hối lỗi Offer sb an apology
Argue with sb + about/over sth
3. Argue /ˈɑːrɡjuː/ (v) + with sb + about/over sth: tranh cãi Get into an agrument with sb
 Argument /ˈɑːrɡjumənt/ (n): cuộc tranh cãi, cuộc cãi vã Start an argument
4. Compliment /ˈkɑːmplɪmənt/ (v, n) + sb on sth: khen ngợi, lời Compliment sb + on sth
khen Pay/Give sb a compliment
5. Decent /ˈdiːsnt/ (a) + to sb: lịch sự = polite (a)
Attract/Get/Capture sb’s attention: Thu hút sự chú ý
6. Attention /əˈtenʃn/ (n): sự chú ý
Turn/Pay attention to sb/sth: Chú ý đến
7. Verbal /ˈvɜːrbl/ (a): bằng lời nói, bằng ngôn từ
≠ Non-verbal /ˌnɑːn ˈvɜːrbl/ (a): không dùng lời nói Verbal agreement/abuse
 Verbalize /ˈvɜːrbəlaɪz/ (v): dùng lời nói
8. Communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ (v) + with sb: giao tiếp, liên lạc
 Communication /kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn/ (n): sự giao tiếp Forms/Means of communication: phương thức giao tiếp
 Communicative /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪtɪv/ (a): cởi mở
= popular (a)
9. Common /ˈkɑːmən/ (a) + in sb/sth: quen thuộc, phổ biến = unusual (a), rare (a), once in a blue moon (idm) = few and far
≠ Uncommon /ʌnˈkɑːmən/ (a): lạ, hiếm between (idm)
Common in sb/sth
10.Wave /weɪv/ (v) + at sb: vẫy tay
11.Appropriate /əˈprəʊpriət/ (a): thích hợp
≠ Inappropriate /ˌɪnəˈprəʊpriət/ (a): không thích hợp
= situation (n)
12.Instance /ˈɪnstəns/ (n): ví dụ, trường hợp
For instance = For example
13.Catch sb’s eye (idm): thu hút sự chú ý = attract sb’s attention (phrase)
14.Nod /nɑːd/ (v) + to/at sb: gật đầu Nod to/at sb
15.Assistance /əˈsɪstəns/ (n): sự trợ giúp
 Assistant /əˈsɪstənt/ (n): trợ lý
 Assist /əˈsɪst/ + sb with/in sth (v): trợ giúp, trợ lý Assist sb with/in sth
16.Whistle /ˈwɪsl/ (v, n): huýt sáo, cái còi
= rude (a)
17.Impolite /ˌɪmpəˈlaɪt/ (a): bất lịch sự
= courteous (a), decent (a)
≠ Polite /pəˈlaɪt/ (a) + to sb: lịch sự
= courtesy (n)
 Politeness /pəˈlaɪtnəs/ (n): phép lịch sự
Polite to sb
18.Informality /ˌɪnfɔːrˈmæləti/ (n): điều thân mật
≠ Formality /fɔːrˈmæləti/ (n): tính trang trọng
 Formal /ˈfɔːrml/ (a): trang trọng
≠ Informal /ɪnˈfɔːrml/ (a): thân mật, bình thường = casual (a)
 Formalize /ˈfɔːrməlaɪz/ (v): trang trọng hóa
19.Brief /briːf/ (a): ngắn gọn
20.Approach /əˈprəʊtʃ/ (v, n): tiếp cận, đến gần, cách thức,
phương thức
21.Point /pɔɪnt/ (v) + at/to sb/sth: chỉ tay Point at/to sb/sth
22.Accept /əkˈsept/ (v): chấp nhận
 Acceptable /əkˈseptəbl/ (a) + to sb: chấp nhận được Acceptable to sb
≠ Unacceptable /ˌʌnəkˈseptəbl/ (a): không chấp nhận được
23.Slight /slaɪt/ (a): nhẹ, ít, khẽ
 Slightly /ˈslaɪtli/ (adv): nhẹ, nhỏ
24.Startle /ˈstɑːrtl/ (v): giật mình, thảng thốt, ngạc nhiên
 Startling /ˈstɑːrtlɪŋ/ (a): sửng sốt, đáng chú ý
  Grammar point: REPORTED SPEECH

Change
Change
Change Wh - word Subject and
Tenses
Subject and Object
Object

Change Change
Tenses Switch Phrase of
Time, Place

Change Statement
Phrase of Wh-questions
Time, Place (The SOTTP)

Yes No
Imperative
questions
Change
if / whether Subject and
Object
not
to-V
to-V
 - Change Tenses
Direct speech Reported speech
1. Simple Present  Simple Past
2. Present Continuous  Past Continuous
3. Present Perfect  Past Perfect
4. Simple Past  Past Perfect
5. Past Continuous  Past Perfect Continuous
6. Past Perfect  Past Perfect
7. Must  Had to
8. May  Might
9. Can  Could
10.Will  Would
- Change Phrase of Time, Place
Direct speech Reported speech
1. Today  That day
2. Tonight  That night
3. Yesterday, Last week, Last month, Last The day, week, month, year… before / The

year…. previous day, week, month, year…
4. Tomorrow, Next week, Next month, Next The day, week, month, year… after / The next

year… (following) day, week, month, year…
5. Now  Then
6. Here  There
7. This  That
8. These  Those
B. Word form practice
1. The hospital staff were very ______________________ but that couldn't really compensate. (apologize)
2. Sports clothes are not appropriate for a ______________________ wedding. (informality)
3. The constraints of ______________________ wouldn't allow her to say what she really thought about his
cooking. (impolitely)
4. Since 1976 he has been operating the shop with the ______________________ of volunteers. (assist)
5. It provides students with the language and ______________________ skills they will need in their
professional lives. (communicate)
6. Darden's examination of the witness produced no ______________________ evidence. (startle)
7. Do you have it down in writing, or was it just a ______________________ agreement? (verbalize)
8. The rise in crime is mainly due to ______________________ and economic factors. (socialize)
9. Noise from the factory has reached a/an ______________________ level. (accept)
10.January's sales were ______________________ better than average. (slight)
11.Details of the problem will be logged by the Help Desk staff who will then contact the
______________________ agency. (inappropriately)
12.Racial discrimination still exists in modern ______________________. (sociable)
13.She usually had some ______________________ small chats with students and faculty at Branson School in
Ross, about careers for women, change and cooking. (formalize)
14.So, don't let me, ever again, hear that you have been ______________________ to any of the sisters.
(politely)
15.She works as a care ______________________ in an old people's home. (assist)
16.We ______________________ for any inconvenience caused by the late arrival of the train. (apology)
17.Their relationship is a metaphor for the failure of ______________________ in the modern world.
(communicate)
18.After the ______________________ she spent an hour sobbing her heart out in the bedroom. (argue)
19.These two species share a ______________________ set of characteristics. (uncommon)
20.Music in fact is a universal language of a ______________________ nature which is rich in expression.
(verbalize)
C. Vocabulary practice
 Revision 1
1. Acceptable (a) ≠ ______________________ (a)  ______________________ (v)
2. Communicative (a)  ______________________ (n)  ______________________ (v) + __________ sb
3. Formalize (v)  ______________________ (a) = ______________________ (a) ≠ ______________________ (a) 
______________________ (n) ≠ ______________________ (n)
4. Apologize (v) + __________ sb __________ V-ing  ______________________ (n)  ______________________ (a)
5. Polite (a) = ______________________ (a), ______________________ (a) ≠ ______________________ (a) =
______________________ (a) ______________________ (n)
6. Assist (v)  ______________________ (n)  ______________________ (n)
7. Society (n)  ______________________ (v)  ______________________ (a) / ______________________ (a)
8. Startling (a)  ______________________ (v)
9. Common (a) = ______________________ (a) ≠ ______________________ (a) = ______________________ (a),
__________________________________________ (idm), ______________________ (a),
__________________________________________ (idm)
10.Verbalize (v)  ______________________ (a) ≠ ______________________ (a)
11.Appropriate (a) ≠ ______________________ (a)
12.Slightly (adv)  ______________________ (a)
13.Argue (v)  ______________________ (n)

Revision 2
1. Uncommon (a) = ______________________ (a), __________________________________________ (idm),
______________________ (a), __________________________________________ (idm) ≠ ______________________ (a) =
______________________ (a)
2. Apologetic (a)  ______________________ (v) + __________ sb __________ V-ing  ______________________ (n)
3. Communicate (v) + __________ sb  ______________________ (n)  ______________________ (a)
4. Argue (v)  ______________________ (n)
5. Assistant (n)  ______________________ (v)  ______________________ (n)
6. Slight (a)  ______________________ (adv)
7. Politeness (n)  ______________________ (a) = ______________________ (a), ______________________ (a) ≠
______________________ (a) = ______________________ (a)
8. Verbalize (a) ≠ ______________________ (a)  ______________________ (v)
9. Socialize (v)  ______________________ (n)  ______________________ (a) / ______________________ (a)
10.Formalize (v)  ______________________ (a) = ______________________ (a) ≠ ______________________ (a) 
______________________ (n) ≠ ______________________ (n)
11.Appropriate (a) ≠ ______________________ (a)
12.Startle (v)  ______________________ (a)
13.Accept (v)  ______________________ (a) ≠ ______________________ (a)
Revision 3
1. Acceptable (a) ≠ ______________________ (a)  ______________________ (v)
2. Communicative (a)  ______________________ (n)  ______________________ (v) + __________ sb
3. Formalize (v)  ______________________ (a) = ______________________ (a) ≠ ______________________ (a) 
______________________ (n) ≠ ______________________ (n)
4. Apologize (v) + __________ sb __________ V-ing  ______________________ (n)  ______________________ (a)
5. Polite (a) = ______________________ (a), ______________________ (a) ≠ ______________________ (a) =
______________________ (a) ______________________ (n)
6. Assist (v)  ______________________ (n)  ______________________ (n)
7. Society (n)  ______________________ (v)  ______________________ (a) / ______________________ (a)
8. Startling (a)  ______________________ (v)
9. Common (a) = ______________________ (a) ≠ ______________________ (a) = ______________________ (a),
__________________________________________ (idm), ______________________ (a),
__________________________________________ (idm)
10.Verbalize (v)  ______________________ (a) ≠ ______________________ (a)
11.Appropriate (a) ≠ ______________________ (a)
12.Slightly (adv)  ______________________ (a)
13.Argue (v)  ______________________ (n)
 Preposition
1. I apologize ______________________ phoning you at this ungodly hour.
2. Do not argue ______________________ an idiot. He will drag you down to his level and beat you with
experience.
3. We will assist you ______________________ finding somewhere to live.
4. I must compliment you ______________________ your handling of a very difficult situation.
5. My uncle has been pretty decent ______________________ me since I started living here.
6. I tried not to draw attention ______________________ the weak points in my argument.
7. Parents sometimes find it difficult to communicate ______________________ their teenage children.
8. Two men are assisting the police ______________________ their enquiries.
9. The reason why people give up so quickly is because they look ______________________ how far they still
have to go, instead of how far they have come.
10.The evidence all seems to point ______________________ one conclusion.
11.She never spoke to anyone but would nod ______________________ Toussaint, who brought her shares of
their food.
12.The disease is very common ______________________ young horses.
13.We want a political solution that is acceptable ______________________ all parties.
14.Opportunities for young parents to socialize ______________________ each other are few and far between
these days.
15.In this way it is possible for a marble statue to wave ______________________ us.
Word box
pay slightly turned defeat start decent uncommon inappropriate offer
communicate for assistance forms capture service abuse caught totally
1. Why ______________________ an argument? You're in enough trouble as it is!
2. You cannot rely on her; ______________________ instance, she arrived an hour late for an important
meeting yesterday.
3. The most needed fields, social ______________________ and nursing, have attracted pitifully few students.
4. Other ______________________ of communication may well be appropriate after an initial meeting.
5. I must ______________________ them an apology for not going to attend their get-gathering.
6. To listen to someone is the greatest compliment you can ______________________.
7. After looking at her for a moment, he ______________________ his attention back to the road again.
8. Her way to speak and smile has ______________________ everyone’s eye in the hall.
9. We'll continue to fight for a ______________________ standard of living for our members.
10.Airport officials received a stream of verbal ______________________ from angry passengers whose flights
had been delayed.
11.Such behaviour is ______________________ unacceptable in a civilized society.
12.They successfully ______________________ their knowledge to others.
13.Luke inclined his head ______________________ in acknowledgement.
14.Someone took an ______________________ use of words on my part and tried to blow it into a major
controversy.
15.This advertisement will ______________________ the attention of TV audiences.
16.The company needs more financial ______________________ from the Government.
17.Initially the government was unwilling to accept the ______________________.
18.It is not ______________________ that a sunny morning will turn out to be a cloudy day at this time of the
year.
 Synonym: Read the sentences below and fill in the blank with the correct synonym to the
underlined word.
SENTENCES SYNONYM
1. I'm just sorry about all the trouble I've caused her. ____________________________
2. The professor was a real Jekyll and Hyde -
sometimes kind and charming, and at other times ____________________________,
rude and obnoxious. ____________________________
3. The patient has responded to the treatment rather
____________________________
better than expected.
4. He was casually dressed in jeans and a T-shirt. ____________________________
 5. Your job will be to help the production manager. ____________________________
___________________________________________________
6. Commonly, Eric will offer to help with the dishes, _ (idm)
but usually he doesn't do any housework at all. ___________________________________________________
_ (idm)
7. They had a terrible fight last night, and now they
____________________________
don’t even look at each other.
8. At the exits polite assistants will take the goods and
____________________________
add up the cost.
9. My neighbour's very chatty — she tells me all the
____________________________
news.
10.The government wisely maintained cordial
____________________________
relations with the Russians.
11.On one occasion, she called me in the middle of the
____________________________
night.
12.Laughing and joking are considered improper
____________________________
behaviour at a funeral.
13.The audience was awed into silence by her
____________________________
stunning performance.
14.The heat was tolerable at night but suffocating
____________________________
during the day.
15.The film has won critical regard in America. ____________________________
D. Grammar practice
 Rewrite the sentences
1. Lilly, “We are having a test.”
 Lilly said (that) ____________________________________________________________________________________________.
2. Kevin, “I will meet her at the station.”
 Kevin said (that) __________________________________________________________________________________________.
3. Chris, “It is cold outside.”
 Chris told me (that) ______________________________________________________________________________________.
4. Granny, “I don’t like watching the news.”
 Granny told me (that) ____________________________________________________________________________________.
5. Andy and Sam, “We haven’t seen Tom for a while.”
 Andy and Sam said (that) ________________________________________________________________________________.
6. John, “I saw you yesterday.”
 John told me (that) _______________________________________________________________________________________.
7. Andrew and Liam, “We have finished with homework.”
 Andrew and Liam said (that) ____________________________________________________________________________.
8. Kate, “I can call you tomorrow.”
 Kate told me (that) _______________________________________________________________________________________.
9. Ron, “My room is on the third floor.”
 Ron said (that) ____________________________________________________________________________________________.
10. Sarah, “I’m going to the cinema.”
 Sarah told me (that) ______________________________________________________________________________________.
11.Rachel, “I can’t help you.”
 Rachel told me ____________________________________________________________________________________________.
12.“I'll send you a postcard.”
 He told us that ____________________________________________________________________________________________.
13.Nam said “I am told to be at school before 7 o’clock”
 Nam said __________________________________________________________________________________________________.
14.Thu said “All the students will have a meeting next week”
 Thu said ___________________________________________________________________________________________________.
15.Phong said “My parents are very proud of my good marks”
 Phong said _________________________________________________________________________________________________.
16.The teacher said “All the homework must be done carefully”
 The teacher said __________________________________________________________________________________________.
17.Her father said to her “You can go to the movie with your friend”
 Her father said to her that _______________________________________________________________________________.
18.Hoa said “I may visit my parents in the summer”
 Hoa said that ______________________________________________________________________________________________.
19.The teacher said “We can collect old book for the poor students”
 The teacher said __________________________________________________________________________________________.
20.She said “She doesn’t buy this book”
 She said ____________________________________________________________________________________________________.
21. The boys said “We have to try our best to win the match”
 The boys said _____________________________________________________________________________________________.
22. Her classmate said “Lan is the most intelligent girl in our class”
 Her classmate said that __________________________________________________________________________________.
23.They told us “Our friends will get the award for their highest scores”
 They told us _______________________________________________________________________________________________
24. He said “I will go to school by bus tomorrow”
 He said that _______________________________________________________________________________________________.
25. Phong said “I need to learn more vocabulary”
 Phong said _________________________________________________________________________________________________.
26. His brother told him “You can use my computer today”
 His brother told him ______________________________________________________________________________________.
27. Mai said “I cannot go to the movies with you, Nam”
 Mai said to Nam ___________________________________________________________________________________________.
28.“Do you enjoy reading?” Phong asked Peter
 Phong asked Peter ________________________________________________________________________________________.
29. “Does she like sports?” Hoa asked Lan
 Hoa asked Lan ____________________________________________________________________________________________.
30. “Do your sister and brother go to the same school?” She asked Nam
 She asked Nam ____________________________________________________________________________________________.
31. “Are there some oranges in the fridge?” She asked her mom
 She asked her mom _______________________________________________________________________________________.
32. “Will it rain tomorrow morning?” He asked his friend
 He asked his friend _______________________________________________________________________________________.
33. “Did you go to Hue three years ago?” Tam asked Peter
 Tam asked Peter __________________________________________________________________________________________.
34. “Are Tam and Hoa late for class?” Tuan asked Lan
 Tuan asked Lan ___________________________________________________________________________________________.
35. She said to me “Can you speak Chinese?”
 She asked me ______________________________________________________________________________________________.
36. “Will she be here for five days?” Tam asked Thu
 Tam asked Thu ___________________________________________________________________________________________.
37. “Were you reading this book at 8 o’clock last Sunday?” She asked Ba
 She asked Ba ______________________________________________________________________________________________.
38.“Where does your father work?” The teacher asked me
 The teacher asked me ____________________________________________________________________________________.
39. “How many people are there in your family?” She asked Lan
 She asked Lan _____________________________________________________________________________________________.
40.Tam’s friend asked him “How long will you stay in England?”
 Tam’s friend asked him __________________________________________________________________________________.
41. The teacher said to Lien “What‘s your hobby?”
 The teacher asked Lien ___________________________________________________________________________________.
42. “How do you go to the airport?” His friend asked him
 His friend asked him _____________________________________________________________________________________.
43. “How much does this dress cost?” Lan asked Lien
 Lan asked Lien ____________________________________________________________________________________________.
44. Ba asked Tam “How often do you wash your clothes?”
 Ba asked Tam _____________________________________________________________________________________________.
45.“When will your father leave Vietnam for the USA?” Phong asked Thu
 Phong asked Thu _________________________________________________________________________________________.
46. “How many books do the students need?” The librarian asked my teacher
 The librarian asked my teacher _________________________________________________________________________.
47.“Where is my umbrella?” she asked.
 She asked __________________________________________________________________________________________________.
48.“How are you?” Martin asked us.
 Martin asked us ___________________________________________________________________________________________.
49.He asked, “Do I have to do it?”
 He asked ___________________________________________________________________________________________________.
50.“Where have you been?” the mother asked her daughter.
 The mother asked her daughter _________________________________________________________________________.
51.“Which dress do you like best?” she asked her boyfriend.
 She asked her boyfriend _________________________________________________________________________________.
52.“What are they doing?” she asked.
 She wanted to know ______________________________________________________________________________________.
53.“Are you going to the cinema?” he asked me.
 He wanted to know _______________________________________________________________________________________.
54.The teacher asked, "Who speaks English?"
 The teacher wanted to know ____________________________________________________________________________.
55.“How do you know that?” she asked me.
 She asked me ______________________________________________________________________________________________.
56.“Has Caron talked to Kevin?” my friend asked me.
 My friend asked me _______________________________________________________________________________________.
57.“What's the time?" he asked.
 He wanted to know _______________________________________________________________________________________.
58."When will we meet again?" she asked me.
 She asked me ______________________________________________________________________________________________.
59.“Are you crazy?” she asked him.
 She asked him _____________________________________________________________________________________________.
60.“Where did they live?” he asked.
 He wanted to know _______________________________________________________________________________________.
61."Will you be at the party?" he asked her.
 He asked her ______________________________________________________________________________________________.
62."Can you meet me at the station?" she asked me.
 She asked me ______________________________________________________________________________________________.
63."Who knows the answer?" the teacher asked.
 The teacher wanted to know ____________________________________________________________________________.
64."Why don't you help me?" she asked him.
 She wanted to know ______________________________________________________________________________________.
65."Did you see that car?" he asked me.
 He asked me _______________________________________________________________________________________________.
66."Have you tidied up your room?" the mother asked the twins.
 The mother asked the twins _____________________________________________________________________________.
67.John said, “I want to attend a famous university.”
 John said ___________________________________________________________________________________________________.
68.“I’m looking for the book you gave me last week,” Mary said to Peter.
 Mary told Peter ___________________________________________________________________________________________.
69.Janet said to John, “I did not promise to send you a telegram.”
 Janet told John that _______________________________________________________________________________________.
70.“I will get myself a drink,” she said.
 She said ____________________________________________________________________________________________________.
 Multiple choice
1. She asked me where I _______ from.
A. come B. coming C. to come D. came
2. I asked Martha _______ to enter law school.
A. are you planning B. if she is planning C. was she planning D. if she was planning
3. Nam wanted to know what time _______.
A. the movie began B. the movie begins C. does the movie begin D. did the movie begin
4. Julia said that she _______ there at noon.
 A. is going to be B. was going to be C. will be D. can be
5. Paul asked her, “Have you got 20 pounds?”  Paul asked her _______ 20 pounds.
A. if she got B. if she had got C. whether she got D. whether had she got
6. He told me _______ him up at six o'clock.
A. please pick B. to pick C. should pick D. I can pick
7. He said that Linda and John _______ married _______.
A. were getting / tomorrow B. are getting / the next day
C. were getting / the next day D. will getting / the day after
8. They asked me when _______.
A. did I arrive B. will I arrive C. I had arrived D. I can arrive
9. The farmer said, “I didn’t see her.”  The farmer said _______ her.
A. he had seen B. I hadn’t seen C. she didn’t see D. he hadn’t seen
10.I wondered _______ the right thing.
A. if I am doing B. was I doing C. am I doing D. whether I was doing
11.Charlie _______ that his father was in hospital.
A. told me B. told to me C. said me D. asked me
12.Mr. Brown said, “I watched TV last night.”  Mr. Brown said that he _______ TV the night before.
A. was watching B. watched C. had watched D. has watched
14.“I'll never make that mistake again”, Robert said.  Robert promised _______ that mistake again.
A. no making B. not made C. never to make D. never made
13.“I'd like you to tell me the truth,” Lara said.  Lana wanted _______ her the truth.
A. I to tell B. me to tell C. me telling D. me tell
15.“You should quit smoking and eat more vegetable”, said the doctor.
The doctor advised him _______ more vegetable.
A. to quit smoking and eat B. quit smoking and eat
C. to quit smoking and to eating D. quitting smoking and eating
16.“Please come and join our party tonight”, said Lana.  Lana invited us_______.
A. to come and join our party tonight B. to their party that night
C. to come and join their party that night D. to our party tonight
17.“Be aware of the dog,” said Tom.  Tom warned us _______.
A. to be aware of the dog B. being aware of the dog
C. we should be aware of the dog D. aware of the dog
18.He asked _______ him some money.
A. her to lend B. her lending C. she has lent D. she lends
19.Andrew told me that they _______ fish two_______ days.
A. have not eaten / ago B. had not eaten / previous
C. did not eat / before D. would not eat / last
20.John often says he _______ boxing because it _______ a cruel sport.
A. does not like / is B. did not like / were C. not liked / had been D. had not liked / was
21.The host asked Peter _______ tea or coffee.
A. whether he preferred B. that he preferred C. did he prefer D. if he prefers
22.The mother asked her son _______.
A. where he has been B. where he had been C. where has he been D. where had he been
23.“Please don't tell anyone what happened," Ann said to me.
A. Ann said to me please don't tell anyone what happened.
B. Ann told me didn't tell anyone what had happened.
C. Ann said me not to tell anyone what happened.
 D. Ann told me not to tell anyone what had happened.
24.“Would you like to go to the cinema with me tonight?” he said.
A. He invited me to go to the cinema with him that night.
B. He offered me to go to the cinema with him tonight.
C. He asked me if I'd like to go to the cinema with him tonight.
D. He would like me to go to the cinema with him this night.
25.“Remember to pick me up at 6 o'clock tomorrow afternoon” she said.
A. She told me to remember to pick her up at 6 o'clock tomorrow afternoon.
B. She reminded me to pick her up at 6 o'clock the following afternoon.
C. She reminded me to remember to pick her up at 6 o'clock the next afternoon.
D. She told me to pick her up at 6 o'clock the next day afternoon.
26.“If I were you, I'd tell him the truth,” she said to me.
A. She said to me that if I were you, I'd tell him the truth.
B. She will tell him the truth if she is me.
C. She suggested to tell him the truth if she were me.
D. She advised me to tell him the truth.
27.“I'm really sorry for being late again,” said Ann.
A. I felt sorry for Ann's being late again. B. Ann was sorry for my being late again.
C. Ann excused for my being late again. D. Ann apologized for being late again.
28.“How beautiful the dress you have just bought is!” Peter said to Mary.
A. Peter promised to buy Mary a beautiful dress.
B. Peter said thanks to Mary for her beautiful dress.
C. Peter complimented Mary on her beautiful dress.
D. Peter asked Mary how she had just bought her beautiful dress.
29.“Can I bring a friend to the party?” Nancy wanted to know.
A. Nancy asked me if she could bring a friend to the party.
B. Nancy wanted to ask someone to bring her friend to the party.
C. Nancy knew that bring a friend to the party was good.
D. Nancy wanted to invite her friend out and to the party.
30.She asked me, "How high is the church?"
A. She asked me how high the church was. B. She asked me how high is the church.
C. She asked me how high the church had been. D. She asked me how high the church is.
31.Jack asked me _____.
A. where do you come from? B. where I came from
C. where I came from D. where did I come from?
32.She asked me _____ I liked pop music.
A. when B. what C. if D. x
33.The doctor ____ him to take more exercise.
A. told B. tell C. have told D. are telling
34.I wanted to know_____ return home.
A. when would she B. when will she C. when she will D. when she would
35.Claire told me that her father____ a race horse.
A. owns B. owned C. owning D. A and B
36.What did that man say ______?
A. at you B. for you C. to you D. you
37.I rang my friend in Australia yesterday, and she said it _______ raining there.
A. is B. were C. has been D. was
38.The builders have ______ that everything will be ready on time.
A. promised B. promise C. promises D. promising
39.The doctor _______ him to take more exercise.
A. told B. tell C. have told D. are telling
40.The last time I saw Linda, she looked very relaxed. She explained she’d been on holiday the ______
week.
A. ago B. following C. next D. previous
41.Yesterday, Laura ______ him to put some shelves up.
A. asked B. is asking C. ask D. was asked
42.Tom has ______ this story wasn’t completely true.
A. admitting that B. was admitted that C. admitted that D. admit that
43.When I rang Tessa sometime last week, she said she was busy ______ day.
A. that B. the C. then D. this
44.I wonder _____ the tickets are on sale yet.
A. what B. when C. where D. whether
45.Mathew _____ Emma that her train was about to leave.
A. has reminded B. has reminded that C. reminded D. reminded that
46.Hello, Jim. I didn’t expect to see you today. Sophie said you _____ ill.
A. are B. were C. was D. should be
47.Ann ______ and left.
A. said goodbye to me B. says goodbye to me C. tell me goodbye D. told me goodbye
48.I told you ______ to switch off the computer, didn’t I?
A. don’t B. not C. not to D. to not
49.Bill was slow, so I ________ hurry up.
A. tell him B. told him for C. told to D. told him to
50.Sarah was driving too fast, so I ______ to slow down.
A. asked her B. asked C. ask D. have asked her
E. Reading
 Cloze test
Exercise 1
Face-to-face conversation is a two-way process: You speak to me, I reply to you and so on. Two-way (1)
_______ depends on having a coding system that is understood by both (2) _______ and receiver, and an
agreed convention about (3) _______ the beginning and end of the (4) _______. In speech, the coding system
is the language like English or Spanish; the convention that one person speaks at a time may seem too
obvious to (5) _______. In fact, the (6) _______ that people use in conversation and meetings are often non-
verbal. For example, lowering the pitch of the voice may mean the end of a sentence, a sharp intake of
breath may signal the desire to (7) _______, catching the chairman’s (8) _______ may indicate the desire to
speak in a formal setting like a (9) _______, a clenched fist may indicate anger. When these (10) _______
signals are not possible, more formal signals may be needed.
1. A. exchange B. correspondence C. interchange D. communication
2. A. transmitter B. sender C. messenger D. announcer
3. A. showing B. symbolizing C. signing D. signaling
4. A. message B. theme C. topic D. idea
5. A. notice B. recognize C. mention D. judge
6. A. signs B. signals C. symptoms D. symbols
7. A. interrupt B. interchange C. interfere D. intercept
8. A. elbow B. shoulder C. eye D. hand
9. A. broadcast B. chat C. lecture D. debate
10.A. sensory B. visual C. verbal D. auditory
Exercise 2
Whenever someone (1) _______ a goal in football, they seem to have a special (2) _______ that is particular to
them or their team. Big matches (3) _______ the most successful football teams always have players who
(4) _______ strange movements round the pitch after a goal. Some do simple things (5) _______ running
round and round many times with their arms in the air. Some do something a bit more (6) _______ such as
a cartwheel in the air or even several flips or somersaults. There are also players who do something
significant for them personally. Often this is a (7) _______, such as kissing their wedding ring or (8) _______
to hold a baby. Psychologists think these expressions of self are important because in football the players
have to be very (9) _______ during the match and it is only after a goal that they can (10) _______ go and
express themselves. This (11) _______ is usually individual to the player and each player on the team may
do something different. (12) _______ some may run round the pitch getting a lot of applause and approval
from their fans, others will do something in front of the opposing fans in order to show (13) _______ and
remind them who the winner is.
1. A. scores B. makes C. wins D. hits
2. A. festival B. anniversary C. celebration D. party
3. A. involving B. numbering C. concerning D. containing
4. A. work B. act C. observer D. perform
5. A. as B. like C. similar D. instance
6. A. fit B. strong C. athletic D. muscular
7. A. symbol B. image C. figure D. badge
8. A. faking B. playing C. putting D. pretending
9. A. checked B. controlled C. commanded D. managed
10.A. let B. allow C. make D. release
11.A. operation B. education C. behavior D. function
12.A. Despite B. While C. However D. Since
13.A. around B. up C. out D. off
Exercise 3
A LACK OF COMMUNICATION
Recent research has (1) _______ that a third of people in Britain have not met their (2) _______ neighbors,
and those who know each other (3) _______ speak. Neighbors gossiping over garden fences and in the
street was a common (4) _______ in the 1950s, says Dr Carl Chinn, an expert on local communities. Now,
however, longer hours spent working at the office, together with the Internet and satellite television, are
eroding neighborhood (5) _______. “Poor neighborhoods once had strong kinship, but now prosperity buys
privacy,” said Chinn.
Professor John Locke, a social scientist at Cambridge University, had analyzed a large (6) _______ of
surveys. He found that in America and Britain the (7) _______ of time spent in social activity is decreasing.
A third of people said they never spoke to their neighbors at (8) _______. Andrew Mayer, 25, a strategy
consultant, rents a large apartment in west London, with two flatmates, who work in e-commerce. “We
have a family of teachers upstairs and lawyers below, but our only contact comes via letters (9) _______ to
the communal facilities or complaints that we’ve not put out our bin bags properly,” said Mayer.
The (10) _______ of communities can have serious effects. Concerned at the rise in burglaries and (11)
_______ of vandalism, the police have relaunched crime prevention schemes such as Neighborhood Watch,
(12) _______ on people who live in the same area to (13) _______ an eye on each other’s houses and report
anything they sees which is unusual.
1. A. exhibited B. revealed C. displayed D. conducted
2. A. side on B. close up C. next door D. nearside
3. A. roughly B. barely C. nearly D. virtually
4. A. outlook B. view C. sight D. vision
5. A. laces B. joints C. strings D. ties
6. A. number B. amount C. deal D. measure
7. A. deal B. measure C. number D. amount
8. A. all B. once C. least D. most
9. A. concerning B. regarding C. relating D. applying
10.A. breakdown B. breakthrough C. breakout D. breakaway
11.A. shows B. acts C. counts D. works
12.A. asking B. trying C. inviting D. calling
13.A. put B. keep C. hold D. give
Exercise 4
THE TRUTH BEHIND A SMILE
People smile a (1) _______ deal, and we seem to know instinctively that some smiles are more genuine
than others. But is there any scientific (2) _______ for this? Recent research suggests that a mechanism in
the brain can help us (3) _______ whether a smile is really heartfelt - or whether it is just being (4) _______
on for show.
(5) _______ to various long- held traditions, a genuine smile involves the eyes as well as the mouth. In
the nineteenth century, a French anatomist (6) _______ to prove this. He used electrodes to stimulate the
facial muscles of volunteers, (7) _______ creating false smiles. He found that real smiles were always (8)
_______ with the contraction of a muscle around the eye, but that his artificially induced ones were not.
During more recent research, volunteers were shown a variety of human facial (9) _______ and their
reactions to these were monitored. When they were shown a happy face, 35% of the volunteers
immediately started looking at the eye area, checking for tell- tale crinkles that would (10) _______ that the
smile was genuine; but when shown a sad or neutral face, they did not. So why did the human brain
evolve to (11) _______ between real and false smiles? It could be that this ability to (12) _______ a quick
assessment of a smile has an important role to play in successful communication. A genuine smile (13)
_______ as a gesture of conciliation in conflict, and it’s important to know whether we are really being
offered a truce or not.
1. A. great B. big C. large D. huge
2. A. sign B. fact C. root D. basis
3. A. recognize B. accept C. admit D. recollect
4. A. brought B. put C. created D. stuck
5. A. Providing B. Considering C. According D. Relating
6. A. got down B. carried out C. went off D. set out
7. A. despite B. thereby C. however D. nonetheless
8. A. accompanied B. mixed C. joined D. associated
9. A. exhibitions B. resemblances C. expressions D. appearances
10.A. assure B. confirm C. justify D. approve
11.A. distinguish B. tell C. decide D. reckon
12.A. hold B. earn C. do D. make
13.A. aims B. portrays C. serves D. applies
 Reading comprehension
Exercise 1
 Body language is a vital form of communication. In fact, it is believed that the various forms of body
language contribute about 70 percent to our comprehension. It is important to note, however, that body
language varies in different cultures. Take for example, eye movement. In the USA a child is expected to
look directly at a parent or teacher who is scolding him/her. In other cultures the opposite is true.
Looking directly at a teacher or parent in such a situation is considered a sign of disrespect.
Another form of body language that is used differently, depending on the culture, is distance. In North
America people don't generally stand as close to each other as in South America. Two North Americans
who don't know each other well will keep a distance of four feet between them, whereas South
Americans in the same situation will stand two to three feet apart. North Americans will stand closer than
two feet apart only if they are having a confidential conversation or if there is intimacy between them.
Gestures are often used to communicate. We point a finger, raise an eyebrow, wave an arm – or move
any other part of the body – to show what we want to say. However, this does not mean that people all
over the world use the same gestures to express the same meanings. Very often we find that the same
gestures can communicate different meanings, depending on the country. An example of a gesture that
could be misinterpreted is sticking out the tongue. In many cultures it is a sign of making a mistake, but
in some places it communicates ridicule.
The dangers of misunderstanding one another are great. Obviously, it is not enough to learn the
language of another culture. You must also learn its non-verbal signals if you want to communicate
successfully.
(Adapted from "Reading Academic English" by Judy Rapoport, Ronit Broder and Sarah Feingold)
1. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The significance of non-verbal signals in America
B. Misunderstandings in communication
C. Interpretations of gestures in different cultures
D. Non-verbal communication across cultures
2. According to paragraph 1, when scolded by his/her parent or teacher, an American child is expected
to:
A. stand close to the person B. look directly at the person
C. raise his/her eyebrows D. point a finger at the person
3. The word “intimacy” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to:
A. enjoyment B. closeness C. strength D. agreement
4. The word “misinterpreted” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to:
A. misbehaved B. misunderstood C. mispronounced D. misspelled
5. The word “it” in paragraph 3 refers to:
A. an example B. making a mistake
C. the country D. sticking out the tongue
6. As stated in the passage, in order to communicate successfully with people from another culture, it is
advisable for a person ______.
A. to learn only non-verbal signals of that culture
B. to travel to as many countries as possible
C. to use the body language of the people from that culture
D. to learn both the language and non-verbal signals of that culture
7. Which form of body language is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. posture B. gesture C. distance D. eye movement
Exercise 2
How do humans and other animals communicate with each other? Of course, humans communicate
verbally by talking and making other sounds like laughing. Most other mammals also communicate by
making sounds as well. Sophisticated intelligent mammals, especially dolphins and whales, possess well-
developed verbal skills and communicate with high-pitched sounds that carry through the water.
Researchers are actively working on interpreting these sounds in order to understand dolphin and whale
language. Verbal communication is accompanied by non-verbal body language that also conveys meaning
and emotion. Body language includes facial expression, posture, position of the arms and many other
cues that help in understanding the meaning of verbal communication. In the absence of verbal
communication, body language can be sufficient to convey meaning. Sometimes merely a stern look from
Mom or Dad or a teacher, lets you know that you are not behaving properly; no words are necessary!
1. Body language includes:
A. Posture B. Facial expression C. Position of Arms D. All of the above
2. Whales and dolphins communicate by using:
A. Low-pitched sounds B. High-pitched sounds C. No-sound D. None of the above
3. In the absence of _______ communication, body language is sufficient to convey the meaning.
A. verbal B. non-verbal C. written D. None of the above
4. How do most mammals communicate?
A. By making sounds B. Laughing C. Crying D. None of the above
5. What is the meaning of the word sufficient as used in the passage?
A. stern B. intelligent C. sophisticated D. enough