Republic of the Philippines
DepEd Complex, Meralco Avenue, Pasig City
STRENGTHENED SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL CURRICULUM
INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY
Grade 11
Course Description:
This subject introduces the nature of philosophy as a way of thinking by exploring key philosophical questions and topics about the
human person. Learners develop critical thinking, problem-solving, reflective thinking, and decision-making skills, enabling them to
gain a deeper understanding of the human person and their relationships with others in the world, and promote human and social
flourishing.
Elective: Academic
Prerequisite: None
Time Allotment: 80 hours for one semester, 4 hours per week
Schedule: First Semester
Quarter 1: Introduction to Philosophy
Content Standard: Learners demonstrate understanding of the nature, importance, and ways of doing Philosophy.
Performance Learners apply philosophical analysis, abstraction, and reflection to articulate the meaning of real-life
Standard: experiences.
Learning Competencies Content
1. Recognize the value of understanding the nature and Defining Philosophy
importance of doing Philosophy
• Western and Eastern Beginnings of Doing Philosophy
• Branches of Philosophy
• Importance of Philosophy
Doing Philosophy
2. Recognize the importance of analyzing the ways of doing
Philosophy • Differentiating Truth and Opinion
• Differentiating Scientific or Factual Truth from
Philosophical Truth
Ways of Doing Philosophy
• Philosophical Analysis
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• Philosophical Abstraction
• Philosophical Reflection
Quarter 2: Philosophy of the Human Person
Content Standard: Learners demonstrate ways of doing Philosophy on the Human Person as an embodied being in the world, with
and for others, toward human and social flourishing.
Performance
Learners initiate a project that promotes human and social flourishing.
Standard:
Learning Competencies Content
Recognize the importance of applying the ways of doing 1. The Human Person as Embodied Being in the World (zoon
Philosophy on the Human Person as an embodied being in the logon, pagkatao)
world, with and for others, toward human and social flourishing a. Personhood
• Rationality (from awareness to creative rationality)
• Freedom (from choosing to creating)
b. Human Personhood
• Embodiment
• Being in the Natural World (dweller and consumer)
2. The Human Person as Being With and for Others (zoon
politikon, pagkamakatao)
a. Interpersonal Relationships
b. Institutional Relationships (economic, political, cultural)
3. The Meaning of Human Personhood
a. Human Flourishing as Reason for Being
• What Human Flourishing
• Why Human Persons Flourish
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b. Human Person as Agent of Social Transformation
• Philosophies of Education on Human Flourishing
• The Filipino as a Thinker, Learner, and Social Change
Agent
GLOSSARY
Branches of Philosophy – The major areas of philosophical inquiry, including metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, logic, and aesthetics.
Eastern Philosophy – A broad set of philosophical traditions from Asia, including Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, and Hinduism,
emphasizing harmony, spirituality, and ethics.
Embodiment – The idea that human existence is experienced through a physical body, influencing perception, interaction, and identity.
Freedom – The capacity to make choices, ranging from selecting among given options to actively creating new possibilities.
Human Flourishing – The fulfillment of human potential through personal growth, ethical living, and meaningful contributions to society.
Human Personhood – The unique qualities that define a human as a thinking, feeling, and acting being with moral and social dimensions.
Importance of Philosophy – The significance of philosophy in developing critical thinking, understanding different perspectives, and
addressing life’s fundamental questions.
Institutional Relationships – Human connections within structured systems, including economic (work and trade), political (governance
and law), and cultural (tradition and values) frameworks.
Interpersonal Relationships – The connections and interactions between individuals, based on communication, emotions, and mutual
influence.
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Opinion – A personal belief or viewpoint that may not necessarily be based on verified facts.
Pagkamakatao – A Filipino term referring to a deep sense of humanity, compassion, and ethical responsibility towards others.
Pagkatao – A Filipino term referring to human nature, identity, and moral character.
Personhood – The state or quality of being a person, encompassing consciousness, self-awareness, and moral responsibility.
Philosophy – The study of fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language.
Philosophical Abstraction – The process of thinking beyond concrete experiences to consider general principles and ideas.
Philosophical Analysis – The method of examining concepts, arguments, and theories to clarify their meanings and implications.
Philosophical Reflection – The act of deeply thinking about fundamental issues, questioning assumptions, and seeking meaning.
Philosophical Truth – The truth that is explored through reasoning, argumentation, and critical thinking, rather than empirical
verification.
Rationality – The ability to think logically and critically, progressing from basic awareness to creative and innovative thinking.
Reason for Being – The purpose or ultimate goal of human existence, often linked to personal and collective well-being.
Scientific or Factual Truth – The truth that is based on empirical evidence, observation, and logical reasoning, often tested through the
scientific method.
Truth – A statement or belief that aligns with reality and is supported by evidence and reasoning.
Western Philosophy – A tradition of philosophy originating in ancient Greece, focusing on logic, reason, and systematic questioning.
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Zoon Logon – A Greek term meaning "rational animal," highlighting the human capacity for reason and speech.
Zoon Politikon – Aristotle’s concept of humans as "political animals," emphasizing the necessity of social relationships.
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