Information Systems
Planning of IS
Supply Chain Management
SCM: Management includes the entire process of delivering a product or service,
from the raw materials to the final product reaching the end consumer.
It involves procurement, inventory management, production, logistics, and
distribution
IT in supply chain management helps organizations make better decisions,
cut costs, and boost performance across various areas, from logistics and
inventory management and supplier collaboration.
• Check inventory availability and monitor inventory levels
• Reduce inventory, transportation, and warehousing costs
• Track shipments
• Plan production based on actual customer demand
Planning of IS
Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
CRM is a technology that helps businesses streamline customer-facing processes,
enhance customer satisfaction, and improve overall business performance.
• Manages and deal with existing and potential customers
• Consolidates customer data from multiple sources and provides
analytical tools for answering questions
Planning of IS
Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
Key features of IT-based CRM systems include:
• Customer Data Management: contact details, purchase history,
preferences, and interactions.
• Sales Automation: Automation of lead tracking and sales forecasting,
• Marketing Automation: Automate campaign management, email marketing,
and lead nurturing, to enhance customer engagement and acquisition.
• Customer Service and Support: Managing customer inquiries, complaints,
and support requests, often including ticketing systems and knowledge bases.
• Analytics and Reporting: Gain insights into customer behavior, sales
performance, and overall business trends.
• Mobility: CRM data and functionalities on mobile devices,
• Social CRM: Integration with social media platforms to monitor and engage
with customers on social channels.
Planning of IS
Systems for Enterprise-Wide Process Integration
Enterprise applications:
• Designed to support organization-wide process coordination and integration
• ERP integrates various business functions and processes such as finance,
human resources, supply chain, manufacturing, procurement, and customer
relationship management.
Consist of :
• Supply chain management systems
• Customer relationship management systems
• Accounting Information System
• Human Resource Information System
• Knowledge management systems
Planning of IS
Enterprise Systems
• Provide a single information system for organization-wide
coordination and integration of key business processes.
Planning of IS
Knowledge Management Systems
• KMS captures, stores, and make accessible the collective knowledge of an
organization, fostering collaboration, learning, and innovation.
Components of the KMS
• Knowledge Repositories: Employees can contribute and access information
which includes documents, manuals, best practices, case studies, and other
knowledge assets.
• Collaboration Tools: Discussion forums, wikis, and chat platforms.
• Search and Retrieval: Search engine
• Expertise Directory: employee expertise highlighting their skills, experience,
and areas of expertise, making it easier for others to identify and connect with
subject matter experts.
Planning of IS
PERSPECTIVES ON INFORMATION
SYSTEMS
A Business Perspective on Information Systems
Businesses invest in IS in order to create value and increase profitability.
Information systems are an organizational and management solution
to business challenges that arise from the business environment.
Technology perspective: A set of interrelated components hardware,
software, network, system that collect (or retrieve), process, store,
and distribute information to support decision making and control in
an organization
Planning of IS
WHY INFORMATION SYSTEMS?
Emergence of the Digital Firm:
• Core business processes accomplished using digital networks
• Digital management of key corporate assets
• Agile sensing and responding to environmental changes
• Seamless flow of information within the firm, and with strategic
partners
• Digitally enabled relationships with customers, suppliers, and
employees
Planning of IS
WHY INFORMATION SYSTEMS?
The Emerging Digital Firm
Perspectives on Information Systems
Levels in a Firm
Business organizations are hierarchies consisting of three principal levels: senior management,
middle management, and operational management. Information systems serve each of these
levels. Scientists and knowledge workers often work with middle management.
Planning of IS
MAJOR TYPES OF SYSTEMS IN ORGANIZATIONS
Different Kinds of Systems
Three main categories of information systems serve
different organizational levels:
1. Operational-level systems: support and keep track of the
elementary activities and transactions
2. Management-level systems: serve the monitoring,
controlling, decision-making, and administrative
activities
3. Strategic-level systems: help senior management tackle
and address strategic issues
Planning of IS
MAJOR TYPES OF SYSTEMS IN ORGANIZATIONS
• Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) : Business systems
that serve the operational level
• Management Information Systems (MIS)
Inputs: High volume transaction level data
Processing: Simple models
Outputs: Summary reports
Users: Middle managers
• Decision-Support Systems (DSS)
Used : problems were unstructured or semi structured
business
• Executive Support Systems (ESS) : help senior management
tackle and address strategic issues
Inputs: Aggregate data
Processing: Interactive
Outputs: Projections
Users: Senior managers
Planning of IS
MAJOR TYPES OF SYSTEMS IN ORGANIZATIONS
The Four Major Types of Information Systems
Planning of IS
MAJOR TYPES OF SYSTEMS IN ORGANIZATIONS
Relationship of Systems to One Another
Interrelationships among systems
Planning of IS
PERSPECTIVES ON INFORMATION
SYSTEMS
Major Business Functions Rely on Information Systems
• Sales and marketing
• Sales order management, pricing, sales trend forecasting,
market research, promotion, new products launch
• Manufacturing
• Scheduling/Planning resource/materials, production planning,
facilities location, purchasing, shipping, receiving,
engineering, operations
• Finance and Accounting
• Accounts receivable, Budgeting, profit planning, funds
management ,general ledger, accounts payable, billing,, cost
accounting
• Human resources
• Training and development, compensation , Human resource
planning, Personnel records, benefits, labor relations, benefit
systems, career path systems
Management Information Systems
Chapter 1 Information Systems in Global Business Today
Perspectives on Information Systems
The Business Information Value Chain
From a business perspective, information systems are part of a series of value-adding activities
for acquiring, transforming, and distributing information that managers can use to improve
decision making, enhance organizational performance, and, ultimately, increase firm
profitability.
Figure 1-7
