INSTITUTION SAINT School year 2022 - 2023

LOUIS MARIE GRIGNION

First Trimester Date Class Duration Teacher(s)

Surname:……………………… Name :………………………………….. Class : …

TEXT : Child labor in Africa is the employement in amanner that deprives them of their
childhood, and is harmful to their physycal and mental development. Africa has the world highest
incidence rates of child labor. The problem is severe in sub-saharan Africa where more of 48
million children aged 5-14 labor for survival. In northern part of sub-saharan Africa, Islam is a
major influence. Begging is considered as a service in exchange for quranic education. These
children aged 7-13 for example, are called almudos in the Gambia, or talibés in Senegal. The
parents place their children with marabout or serigne, a quranic teacher. Here, they split their
time between begging et studying the Quran.
In Morocco, it is estimated that about 150.000 children aged 5-14 were working in 2010.
Agriculture and domestic services are the predominant employers. Young girls, locally called
petites bonnes (little maids), are sent to work and live as domestic servants, many aged 10 or less.
These petites bonnes who come from very poor families face condition s of involuntary servitude
including long hours of hard work without breaks, physical, verbal and sexual abuse, withheld
wages and even restrictions on their movement.
Studies commissioned by the Morocco government find poverty and lack of school, are
primary causes of the little maids phenomenon in Morocco. Additionally, rural parents do not
believe that an education or a diploma of any sort can help their girls find a job.
Even where income generation is necessary, we like to think that these forms of work are
unecessary. An alternative bases for the argument that child labor is unambitiously bad is that it
is the result of decisions taken by parents or employers rather than by children themselves. In any
society that respects human right, children should be able to seek the protection of the state when
forced to work.
Adapted from : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_labor_Africa
I.​ READING COMPREHENSION
A.​ Read the text and choose the correct answer (0,5pt)
1.​ A good title for the text could be :
a)​ The problem of education in Senegal c) The violations of children’s right in the Gambia
b)​ Child labor in Africa d) The difficulties of domestic servants in Africa
B.​ Write True or False after these statements, then justify with elements from the text (3pts)
c)​ Making children work positively contributes to their health : ………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
d)​ Young children are taught the Quran gratuitously : …………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
e)​ The majority of Moroccan litle maids are teenagers : ………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…..
C.​ Read the text and complete the following Table (2pts)
 Three local names given to young …………………………………………………………………………….
workers …………………………………………………………………………….
The two major causes of child ……………………………………………………………………………..
employement in Morocco ……………………………………………………………………………..
D.​ Find in the text appopriate word to complete the following table (2,5pts)
The employement of young……………………………………………..is very common in Africa. It is a
phenomenon that puts them in danger. In countries like Senegal and the Gambia, on child labor is
paradoxically influenced by………………………………………………which is supposed to provide education to
the learners. Unfortunately, they spend most of the time…………………………………on the streets. In
Morocco, …………………………………………and ………………………………………………………….are two
sectors that mostly employ the little girls.
II.​ COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE (6pts)
E.​ A journalist is interviewing a UNICEF agent. Complete his questions or tags coherently (2pts)
Journalist : you’ve been fighting for children’s rights in your organization, ……………………… ? UNICEF
agent : yes, we have.
Journalist : Is………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ?
UNICEF agent : of course, it is. The problem of young talibés has always been among our priorities
Journalist : ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ?
UNICEF agent : We’ve been campaigning against their exploitation for many years now.
Journalist : Your organization called for a better implication of governments last week, ………… ?
UNICEF agent : That’s right ! What we expect them to do is to show more concern about the UNICEF
charter on children’s rights.
Journalist : Thank you, sir.
F.​ The paragraph below is an extract from an article by the same journalist. Complete it
meaningfully by circling the most suitable words. (2pts)
Organizations like UNICEF (has fought - has been fighting - was being fought) against the exploitation of
young talibés for many years. However, for their efforts to bear fruit the government (must be concerned –
must to be concerned – must been concerned) about those children’s conditions. Young talibés deserve
more consideration and protection from the state Authorities whose inaction (has already aggravated – is
aggavated – has been aggravated) their difficulties. It is high time our leaders (design – designed –
designing) coherent to stop this phenomenon.
G.​ As a rection to the article above, a minister has sent a letter of protest to the journalist. Fill
in the blanks with the appropriate words in the following list : Because – that is way – despite –
althought – whereas – however – if (2pts)
‘Dear journalist
In reply to the article you published in your newspaper last week. I regret that some journalists keep
writing articles like that one………………………the efforts of the government to protect children. I am sure
that you would not have written this article……………… you had got in touch with any services lot the right
information…………………….I do not appreciate such an article, we have decided not to take any actions
against your newspaper………………………I believe in the freedom of speech.
Sincerely’
The minister of family and childhood
III.​ WRITING : (6pts)
Topic 1 : Write a letter to the Minister of solidarity to protest against child labor and propose him/her some
measures to stop this phenomenon.
Topic 2 : Some people think that the debate on children’s rights is not important. They believe that making
children work hard is a way to prepare them to a brighter future. Do you share this view ? Why or why not