SAM COLLEGE, BHOPAL

PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT
(BBA, B.COM-P, BA-P I YEAR)

INTRODUCTION: Some people are silent and submissive while others are sociable and
aggressive; some are punctual and hardworking whereas some lack punctuality and are lazy,
some are assertive and optimistic while some are shy and pessimistic. The personalities and
attitudes of people are complex and difficult to inter- pret. To complicate matters further, there is
no agreement among theorists regarding the definition of personality. They define personality
from a number of different perspectives.

Meaning of Personality
The term 'personality' has been derived from the Latin term 'persona which means 'speak
through'. Personality a characteristic way of thinking, feeling, and behaving. Personality
embraces moods, attitudes, and opinions and is most clearly expressed in interactions with other
people.

DEFINITION OF PERSONALITY
"Personality is the dynamic organisation within the individual of those psychological systems
that determine his unique adjustment to his environment."
Gordon Airport,
"Personality includes external appearance and behaviour, inner awareness of self as a permanent
organising force and the particular pattern or organisation of measurable traits, both inner and
outer."
Floyd L. Ruch,

Each letter of the term personality also indicates the various qualities personality.
P = Perception capacity
E = Emotional maturity
R = Responsiveness to situations
S = Self-expression or sociability
O= Organized
N = Not permanent (flexible)
A = Appearance
L= Leadership feeling
I = Integrated
T = Tendencies, impulses, dispositions, innate and acquired.
Y = Young, vital and unique.

Characteristics of Personality
 Personality is always dynamic Moveable
 Personality determines our thinking, reasoning and actions.
  Personality is both physical and psychological (outer and inner)
 Personality has organized and integrated system
 Personality develops through social interaction.
 Every personality has some uniqueness.
 Personality refers to the process of adjustment to our environment.

SUCCESS
To some people, success might mean wealth. To others, it is recognition, good health, good
family, happiness, satisfaction, and peace of mind. What this really tells us is that success is
subjective. It can mean different things to different people.

Hurdles in Achieving Success

 Lack of Information: Information can have one of two effects. With too much you can
be overwhelmed, and can stop you from making a decision or taking the next steps. With
too little information you are not able to put things into perspective, or look at the bigger
picture.

 Lack of Skill: In order to move forwards you may have to pick up skills along the way.
This need not be an enormous challenge. As part of your goal setting, understanding what
skills you need to acquire, and how you will acquire them will form steps of your plan.
This does not necessarily mean that you need to enroll on a course, although that is a
great idea.

 Poor timing: Having a great idea or being a great talent is not enough. You have to take
advantage of the times. Many who have failed met it because they had the right motive or
desires and set forth for it at the wrong time.

 Other People: Quite often the people that are closest to us fear us achieving our goals.
For them this means that you may change and that will also mean change for them. They
may not be aware how important your goals are to you. If the people you share your time
with for example family, friends, colleagues to not understand and support your goals,
there is a chance that you may be influenced by this. If these people are adverse to change
then they may well sabotage you plans.

 Fear of failure: Lacking confidence can kill your goal progress. Past failures can make
us feel discouraged and unmotivated. This stems from the notion that failure is a
completely negative experience and a waste of time.
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR SUCCESS

1. Having a positive attitude: Try to have a positive attitude. You can choose to see the
positive side of things in every situation, no matter the circumstances. A positive attitude
can affect every aspect of life and may help you tackle difficult circumstances. When you
have a positive attitude, you are much better equipped to deal with stress in a healthier
way. An optimistic worldview may also help you be grateful for the good things in life.

2. Learning from your mistakes: One can achieve success by trying and failing many
times. Learn from your previous failures and try to put that learning into practice. Re-
examine what went wrong to understand where you have to improve. Try to gain the
necessary skills, knowledge or tools to avoid pitfalls in the future. Keep reviewing your
progress at regular intervals and try to avoid repeating the same mistakes.

3. Prioritising your goals: Once you have made a list of your goals, it is important to
prioritise them. It is important to dedicate your time according to each goal. Determine
which goals require your immediate attention and which do not.

4. Having a clear plan: Having a clear idea of where you want to be may help you
streamline your actions and achieve your goals. Although success may look different to
everyone, it is important that you explore your own ideas of success. Try not to be
influenced by the ideas of others regarding your success.

5. Hard work and dedication: Hard work and dedication are key factors of success.
Success often requires a significant amount of effort and perseverance, and those who are
willing to work hard and stay committed to their goals are more likely to achieve success.

6. Self-discipline: Self-discipline is another important factor of success. It involves the

ability to control one's actions and behavior, even in the face of temptation or distraction.
Those who have self-discipline are better able to stay focused on their goals and to make
progress towards achieving them. They are also more likely to develop habits and
routines that support their success.

FAILURE
Failure is the social concept of not meeting a desirable or intended objective, and is usually
viewed as the opposite of success. The criteria for failure depend on context, and may be relative
to a particular observer or belief system. A fairly common understanding of failure is setting a
goal but not achieving it.

Causes of Failure

1. Lack of Discipline: Anyone who has accomplished anything worthwhile has never done
it without discipline. Discipline takes self-control, sacrifice and avoiding distractions and
temptations. It means staying focused. Don’t be a perfectionist. You might have an
idealized vision of what success will look and feel like. Although that can be
 motivational, it might not be realistic. Succeeding at one goal won’t eliminate all your
problems. Be clear on what will satisfy your objectives and don’t obsess about superficial
details.

2. Lack of motivation: If you have lack motivation, then that can be one of the main causes
of failure in life for you. After all, it will cause you to not work your best and that will
surely lead to suboptimal results from the work process. Try to be motivated all the time
and find a strong reason to put in your best effort in the works that you have to do all the
time to avoid this.

3. Lack of time: The time that you have to do the work is important and lack of that can
make you haste yourself too much and that can cause you to not focus on all the details
which are crucial and needed. Allocate more time and try to do the work needed before
you should do it can be the remedy for this one of the main causes of failure in life.

4. Lack of support: Sometimes, the support of the financial, network, and other factors can
be what you need in terms of succeeding in producing something great in quality. All of
them can be gotten through the work that you do, though. Try to identify what you need
and work towards getting them from the position where you are now.

5. Lack of effort: You may have everything that you need to succeed but if you do not
work hard enough to achieve something, then they all can be for nothing and you will
fail. The most important thing to succeed is to work hard for it so put in the highest effort
you can be to anything that you work for success.

6. Lack of knowledge, skills, and/or experience: You may still need to learn more
knowledge and skills or add more experience to do the optimum work which produces
better results in the area where you fail. After all, the knowledge, skills, and experience
that you have can contribute to your way of work. Therefore, try to get the lessons that
you think you need as fast as possible so you can be surer to succeed in the future.

LEARNING FROM FAILUREA

 Permit Mistakes
 Promote and growth
 Deal with your mistakes
 Build mental fitness
 Aid in learning

HOW TO OVERCOME FROM FAILURE

 Accept feelings and emotions: Failure is linked with feelings and emotions such as
sadness, anxiety, stress, rage, and so on. Those feelings are incredibly uncomfortable for
any person and will do anything to get rid of them. However, the truth is that those
feelings and emotions will help you work harder to find different and better solutions in
order for you will improve next time. Go ahead and embrace those feeling and emotions,
avoiding them can lead to unhealthy coping mechanisms.
  Learn from failure: Learning from failure is one of the biggest challenges and lessons
you will have in your life. Understanding what you did wrong will help you mentally
more potent than ever and establish specific goals with astonishing strategies. You fail
and learn. You fall and get up again. You recuperate, get ready to stand up, and achieve
your goals.

 Take a Break: Taking a break from day to day life help to overcome from failure. Break
helps the people to forget about the past and become motivated in the future.

 Discuss the thing/situation: Discuss the situation with your favorite one will help you to
feel relax and overcome from your tough situations and failures.

 Create a plan: Creating a personal strategy to respond to failure can help you overcome
challenges and achieve your goals more efficiently.

FAITH
Faith is a strong belief or trust in something or someone, especially without proof or evidence.
Faith is having confidence or trust in something or someone. It's like believing in the unseen.
Faith can also refer to a religious belief or a system of religious beliefs.

Power of faith

1. Faith is the first step to success. No man becomes successful without faith.
2. Faith controls our life, power and action. Positive thinking takes humans forward and
makes them successful.
3. Faith is the basic of all miracles and all mysteries which cannot be analyzed by the rules
of science.
4. Faith is the only known antidote for failure.
5. Faith gives courage.

TIME MANAGEMENT: Time management" is the process of organizing and planning how
divide your time between specific activities. It is defined as the process of managing time
effectively so that the right time is allocated to the right activity. Time Management refers to
managing time effectively so that the right time is allocated to the right activity.

ADVANTAGES OF TIME MANAGEMENT

 Increased productivity: By effectively managing your time, you can accomplish more
tasks in less time.

 Reduced stress: Time management helps you stay organized and avoid last-minute
rushes, reducing stress levels.

 Improved focus: By prioritizing your tasks, you can concentrate on important activities
and avoid distractions.
  Better work-life balance: Time management allows you to allocate time for work,
personal life, and leisure activities, creating a healthier balance.

 Goal achievement: With effective time management, you can set clear goals and work
towards achieving them more efficiently.

 Enhanced decision-making: By managing your time well, you have more me to think
and make informed decisions.

 Increased self-discipline: Time management requires self-discipline, which can lead to

personal growth and development.

DISADVANTAGES OF TIME MANAGEMENT

 Over-scheduling: If you become too strict with your time, you might end up overloading
your schedule and feeling overwhelmed.

 Rigidity: Strict time management can sometimes make it difficult to be flexible and
spontaneous, missing out on unexpected opportunities or experiences.

 Burnout: Constantly trying to maximize productivity can lead to burnout if you don't
allow yourself enough time for rest and relaxation.

 Unrealistic expectations: Setting overly ambitious goals and deadlines can create stress
and disappointment if they're not met.

 Lack of creativity: Strict time management may leave little room for spontaneous and
creative thinking, which can hinder innovation.

CAUSES OF FAILURE

1. Procrastination: Putting off important tasks and delaying work, often resulting in
unnecessary stress and last-minute rushing.

2. Excessive social media use: Spending excessive time scrolling through social media feeds,
which can be addictive and distract from productive activities.

3. Multitasking: Trying to do multiple tasks simultaneously, which can lead to decreased focus
and efficiency.

4. Poor time management: Not prioritizing tasks effectively or underestimating the time
required for activities, leading to inefficiency and missed deadlines.

5. Unproductive meetings: Attending meetings that lack clear objectives, go off-topic, or

involve unnecessary participants, wasting valuable time.
6. Excessive email checking: Constantly checking and responding to emails throughout the day,
which can disrupt workflow and decrease productivity.

7. Lack of delegation: Taking on too many tasks and not delegating responsibilities, leading to
overwhelm and inefficient use of time.

8. Proximity to distractions: Working in an environment with distractions like noise, clutter, or

interruptions, making it difficult to focus and complete tasks efficiently.

9. Indecisiveness: Spending excessive time overthinking and struggling to make decisions,

which can lead to wasted time and missed opportunities.

10. Lack of breaks: Not taking regular breaks during work or study sessions, which can lead to
burnout and decreased productivity.

STRESS
Stress refers to the physical, mental, and emotional strain or tension that we experience in
response to challenging or demanding situations. It can be caused by various factors such as
work pressure, personal relationships, financial difficulties, or major life changes. Stress can
affect our well-being and may lead to symptoms like anxiety, irritability, and difficulty
concentrating. It's important to find healthy ways to manage stress.

CAUSES OF STRESS
 Organisational causes
 Individual causes

(I) Organisational causes may further be classified under the following:

 Job Qualities or Nature of Work- Job qualities offered in an or ganisation effect stress
to a very large extent. Good job quality indicates les stress whereas bad job quality
indicates very high stress. These include:
o Time pressure;
o Quantitative and qualitative overload or underload; and
o Responsibility for things or personnel's.

 Physical-Environment- Working conditions in an organisation also effect the level of

stress among individuals in that organisation. If the conditions are good, the stress level
shall certainly be less. The physical environment or the working conditions include:
o Temperature;
o Lighting;
o Noise; and Facilities, etc.

 Clarity of Roles in the Organisation- The status of roles in an organisation also effect
the stress level; for example, if the roles are clearly mentioned, it shall cause less stress
among its employees and managers. These include:
o Ambiguous roles;
o Role conflict; and
o Too little management support.
(II) Individual Causes or Stressors: Among the individual causes or stressors, are included the
following:

 Relationships.-An individual's relations with his parents, spouse, children, neighbours

and other relatives influence his personal stress level to a very large extent. For example,
if the above relations are peaceful then they shall imply peace of mind whereas if the
relations are not favourable, they shall imply individual play a very important role in the
level of stress. An individual in mental fatigue and stress.

 Financial Conditions- Financial conditions of individuals do decide their stress levels.

For example, a person whose financial condition is sound shall be able to concentrate on
his recreational activities in a better way and shall thus be able to have control on his
stress as compared to an another person whose financial condition is unsound.