© 2025 IJRAR February 2025, Volume 12, Issue 1 www.ijrar.

org (E-ISSN 2348-1269, P- ISSN 2349-5138)

A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS

OF PSYCHO EDUCATION MODULE ON
MANAGING ANGER AMONG EARLY
ADOLSCENTS AGE BETWEEN 10 TO 15
YEARS IN SELECTED SCHOOL AT
MAHESANA CITY
1 Mikin James, 2 Mr. Surendar Kumar J, 3 Ms. Nima Patel, 4 Mr. Rajesh Joshi
1
MSC Nursing Student, Ratnaprabha Nursing Institute, Vadnagar
2
Associate Professor, Ratnaprabha Nursing Institute, Vadnagar
3
Assistant Professor, Ratnaprabha Nursing Institute, Vadnagar
4
Principal, Ratnaprabha Nursing Institute, Vadnagar

Abstract: Introduction: Early Adolescents are suffering with many physical, social, emotional, and psychological
problems which enhance the level of anger. Hence, anger management is an intervention which involves the adolescent
students in the active recollection of life experiences. It allows them to relieve the personal events from their past in a
way that is a vivid and engaging, and encourages that communicate those experiences to a listener.
Aims and Objectives
1. To assess the pretest level of anger among early adolescent.
2. To evaluate the effectiveness of psycho education module on managing anger among the early adolescent.
3. To compare the pretest and posttest level of anger among early adolescent.
4. To find out association between pretest levels of managing anger with their selected demographic variables
Methodology a Quantitative Research approach was adopted by the researcher to find the effectiveness of Psycho
education Module on managing anger among early adolescents age between 10 to 15 years in selected school at
mahesana city. Data collection tools included demographic data & novaco anger scale. The psycho education module
was administered after the pre-test, and a post-test was conducted after seven days. Data were analyzed using descriptive
and inferential statistics, including paired t-tests and chi-square tests.
Results The study findings showed that the samples were undergoing varying level of anger. Their anger levels have
reduced after the intervention of psycho education module which has been statistically proved. Hence, psycho education
module is one of the techniques to increase the well-being of the samples, and it was a useful measure to reduce anger.
On an average early adolescents are reduced their anger score from 65.61 to 46.49 after the administration of psycho
education module this difference is statistically significant. Statistical significance was calculated by using students
paired, t’ test. The comparison of overall knowledge score before and after psycho education module mean ± SD =
65.61±15.83, post-test mean ± SD = 46.49±12.5, mean difference mean ± SD=19.12±20.31, students paired t-test t=9.41
p=0.001***, DF=99 significant. Very high significant at * P = ≤0.001.
Conclusion: The psycho education module was highly effective in enhancing the managing anger among early
adolescent age between 10 to 15 years.
Keywords: Anger, early adolescent students and psycho education module

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I. INTRODUCTION:
Anger is present in all of our lives. We have all lost it with family, friends or work colleagues at some time.
Anger is both good and bad – it is a signal to resolve any difficulties surrounding it, and it can also motivate us .We can
all remember that the time an argument cleared then we took positive action because of anger. Anger is an extremely
powerful emotion, and an inability to keep under control can lead to serious problems in relationships, carrier, & health.
Unfortunately anger is not true for everyone; Anger spills over in to our lives too often, disrupting relationships and
other work. It can also result in violence or physical abuse. In families prolonged anger can cause deep unhappiness
and sometimes mental illness. When we hold on to anger too long or when it produces inappropriate aggression it
becomes “problem anger”.
A major social problem may cause crime, mental illness, loss of productivity and just plain unhappiness in our
society. Anger is an emotional state characterized by antagonism towards something or someone you feel, as
an intentionally done wrong to you. Anger is a good thing, it helps to express a negative feelings. Anger alone is not
the problem. It is one of the most powerful and vital tools. It is necessary to all survival as individual’s families and
communities. It is powerful force for a good in the world. But evidence suggests it can do damage to individual, family,
community health and well-being and it can may contribute to violence and tragedy. Help is needed along with anger
when it is causing problems and harms others.

A person is expressing anger with the physical condition such as increased blood pressure, elevated heart rate,
and elevated level of adrenaline and nor adrenaline. Some person view Anger is an emotional trigger of “fight or fight”
brain response. Anger used as a productive mechanism enveloped cover to fear, sadness and hurt. It is a predominant
feeling of behavior, physiological and cognition when a person needs to take immediate conscious choice of actions to
prevent the threatening behavior. Anger may produce more physical and mental consequences. The external expression
of anger can be found in facial expression, Body language, physiological response and some acts in public health.

II. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

1. To assess the pretest level of anger among early adolescent.
2. To evaluate the effectiveness of psycho education module on managing anger among the early adolescent.
3. To compare the pretest and posttest level of anger among early adolescent.
4. To find out association between pretest levels of managing anger with their selected demographic variables

III. HYPOTHESIS:
H1: There will be a significant difference in the pre and post-test scores of anger and managing anger situations
in early adolescent.
H2: There will be statistical significant association between post-test levels of anger after psycho education
module
Among early adolescent with the selected demographic variables.

IV. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

The study was designed to determine the effectiveness of psycho education module on managing anger among
early adolescents at schools in Mehsana.
Research Design: The research design adopted for the present study was a one-group pre-test post-test design to
evaluate the impact of the intervention.
Variables under Study
● Dependent Variable: Dependent variable is anger among the early adolescents.
● Independent Variable: Independent variable is Psycho education module.
● Demographic Variables: Demographic variables such as age in years, sex, religion, types of family,
education head of the family, occupation of the head of the family, family income, area of residence, medium
of education, birth order in the family, education status in previous class, weight, and height of the students.
● Research Setting: The study was conducted in Khambhok Primary School, Vadnagar.
Population: The population for the study comprised early adolescent students studying in Khambhok Primary
Schools in Vadnagar
Sample and Size: The sample size was 100 early adolescent students meeting the inclusion criteria.
Sampling Technique: Non probability purposive sampling technique
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Inclusion Criteria

● Student who are in the age group between 10 to 15 years.

● Students available at the time of data collection.

● Students who can read languages Gujarati

Exclusion Criteria

● Students who are not willing to participate in the study.

● Students who have already underwent training programmers like yoga, meditation.

● Students who are affected physical problems

Selection and Development of Tool

● Tool I: Socio demographic data.
● Tool II: Novaco anger scale
Score Interpretation Score Interpretation
0 – 45 Low 76 – 85 More irritable
46 – 55 More Peaceful Than The Average 86 – 100 Frequent intense
56 – 75 Average Amount Of Anger

Validity of Tool
Content validity was established by subject experts in nursing and medicine. Suggestions for refinement in
language and structure were incorporated.
Reliability of Tool: Reliability of the tool was assessed by using Split half method. Anger score reliability
correlation coefficient value is 0.13. This correlation coefficient is very high and it is good tool for assessing
effectiveness of psycho education module on managing anger among early adolescents studying at selected
school in Vadnager.

Ethical Consideration
● Approved by the ethics committee of the institution.
● Permission obtained from school authorities.
● Written informed consent secured from participants.

Pilot Study: A pilot study was conducted with 10% of the sample to assess feasibility, resulting in no major
modifications.
Data Collection Procedure: Data were collected in the following phases:
1. Pre-Test: Administered demographic data & novaco anger scale.
2. Intervention: administered psycho education module
3. Post-Test: Administered the same tools after 07 days.

Data Analysis: Descriptive and inferential statistics were used:

1. Frequencies and percentages for demographic variables.
2. Mean and standard deviation for knowledge and practice scores.
3. Paired t-test for comparing pre- and post-test scores.
4. Chi-square test for associations with demographic variables.

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V. RESULTS OF THE STUDY
Table No.1 socio-demographic data of early adolescent (n=100)

Socio Demographic Variables Frequency Percentage

10-11 years 22 22.00%
Age 12-13 years 64 64.00%
14-15 years 14 14.00%
Male 60 60.00%
Sex
Female 40 40.00%
Hindu 78 78.00%
Christian 2 2.00%
Religion
Muslim 18 18.00%
Others 2 2.00%
Nuclear family 56 56.00%
Type of family Joint family 41 41.00%
Extended family 3 3.00%
Illiteracy 11 11.00%
Primary education 50 50.00%

Education–head of the Secondary education 22 22.00%

family Higher secondary education 10 10.00%
Graduate 5 5.00%
Postgraduate 2 2.00%
Private 53 51.00%
Occupation of the head of Government 27 24.00%
the family Business 20 10.00%
Unemployed 0 0.00%
Rs.8000-10000 40 40.00%
Rs.10001 – 15000 27 27.00%
Family monthly income Rs.15001 – 20000 18 18.00%
Rs.20001 – 25000 9 9.00%
Above Rs. 25001 6 6.00%
Urban 82 82.00%
Area of residence
Rural 18 18.00%
Gujarati 100 100.00%
Medium of education English 0 0.00%
Others 0 0.00%
First child 46 46.00%
Birth order in the family Second child 42 42.00%
Third child 12 12.00%
30-40kg 83 83.00%
Weight 41-50kg 11 11.00%
>50kg 6 6.00%
130–140 cm 48 48.00%
Height 141–150cm 33 33.00%
>150cm 19 19.00%

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Table No. 1 represents the socio-demographic variables of early adolescent (n=100) Regarding the Age distribution of
study group Majority of the age group is 12-13 years 64%, 10-11 year is 22% and14-15 years of age group is
14%.Regarding the Gender distribution among the study subject, the Gender distribution majority male with 60% and
with girl 40%.Regarding the Religion: The Hindu religion is more with 78%, Christians 2%, Muslim 18% and others
2%.Regarding the Types of family: In the study group nuclear family adolescents are high with 56%, joint family
adolescents are with 41% and extended family is lower with 3%.Regarding the Education status of head of the family:
In study group Education status of head of the family percentage is primary education 50%, secondary education 22%,
illiteracy 11%, higher secondary education 10%, graduate is 5% and postgraduate is 2%.Regarding the Occupation of
the head of the family: occupation of the head of the family are working in the private sector is 53%, Government
employee is 27%, and Business is 20%.Regarding the Monthly income: In study group monthly income percentage is
Rs.8000-10000 is 40%, Rs.10001 – 15000 is 27%, Rs.15001–20000 is 18%, Rs.20001 - 25000 is 09% and above
Rs.25001 is 06%. Regarding the Area of residence: In this study group Residence of area percentage urban area
adolescents is 82% and Rural area is 18%. Regarding the Medium of education: Medium of education in Gujarati is
100%. Regarding the Birth order in the family: In study group Birth order in the family is first child 46%, second
child is 42%, and third child is 12%. Regarding the Weight: Adolescent Weight is 30-40 kg is 83%, 41–50 kg
adolescent is 11%, and more than 50kg adolescents is 6%. Regarding the Height: In study group the Adolescents
Height 130–140 cm is 48%, 141–150 cm adolescent’s is33% and 19% more than150 cm of adolescents.

Table 2: Level of anger in pretest and posttest among early adolescent (n=100)
Level Of Pre-Test Post Test Level Of Pre-Test Post Test
Anger F % F % Anger f % f %
Very Low 12 12% 43 43% Severe 22 22% 0 0%
Low 14 14% 33 33% Very severe 08 08% 0 0%
Average 44 44% 24 60%
Table No. 2 illustrates the levels of knowledge and practice regarding menstrual hygiene among early adolescent girls (n=60) in the
pretest and posttest phases. Regarding knowledge, 76.67% of participants had a moderate level in the pretest, which improved
significantly in the posttest, with 60% achieving an adequate level and none remaining in the inadequate category. Similarly, for
practice, 75% of participants had good practices in the pretest, which increased to 65% attaining an excellent level in the posttest,
and no participants were classified as having poor practices after the intervention. These results highlight the effectiveness of the
educational intervention in improving both knowledge and practice among early adolescent girl.

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Pre-Test Post Test Level Of Pre-Test Post Test
F % F % Anger f % f %
12 12% 43 43% Severe 22 22% 0 0%
Low 14 14% 33 33% Very severe 08 08% 0 0%
Average 44 44% 24 60%

Table No. 2 illustrates the levels of knowledge and practice regarding menstrual hygiene among early adolescent girls
(n=60) in the pretest and posttest phases. Regarding knowledge, 76.67% of participants had a moderate level in the
pretest, which improved significantly in the posttest, with 60% achieving an adequate level and none remaining in the
inadequate category. Similarly, for practice, 75% of participants had good practices in the pretest, which increased to
65% attaining an excellent level in the posttest, and no participants were classified as having poor practices after the
intervention. These results highlight the effectiveness of the educational intervention in improving both knowledge
and practice among early adolescent girl

Table 3: Comparison of Overall Knowledge Score before and after Psycho education module

Mean Student’s paired

No. of early Pretest Posttest difference
adolescents Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD t-test

Overall t=9.41 P=0.001***

Knowledge 65.61±15. 46.49±12. 19.12±20.3 DF=99,
100
Score 83 85 1 significant

Table 3 shows the comparison of overall anger score between before and after the administration of psycho education
module on managing anger among adolescents. On an average adolescents are reduced their anger score from 65.61 to
46.49 after the administration of psycho education module. This difference is statistically significant. Statistical
significance was calculated by using student’s paired t’test

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Table: 4 Association between Posttest Level of Anger and Adolescents Demographic Variables
Posttest level of Anger score
Very Lo Averag
Chi square
Demographic variables low w e N
test
N n n
10-11 years 17 3 2 22
χ 2=14.62
Age 12-13 years 22 23 19 64
d.f = 4,
14-15 years 4 7 3 14 P=0.005*(S)
Male 28 16 16 60
χ 2=2.736 d.f =
Sex
Female 15 17 8 40 2,
P= 0.25 (NS)
Hindu 31 26 21 78
χ 2= 5.51
Christian 1 1 0 2
Religion
Muslim 11 5 2 18 d.f = 6,
Others 0 1 1 2 P= 0.47 (NS)
Nuclear family 22 18 16 56 χ 2= 2.008
Type of
Joint family 20 14 7 41
family d.f = 4,
Extended family 1 1 1 3 P= 0.734 (NS)
Illiteracy 6 3 2 11
Primary education 17 19 14 50
Education– Secondary education 13 5 4 22 χ 2= 5.59
head of the
Higher secondary education 4 3 3 10 d.f = 10,
family
P= 0.84 (NS)
Graduate 2 2 1 5
Postgraduate 1 1 0 2
Private 24 15 14 53
Government 11 11 5 27 χ 2= 1.48
Occupation of
the head of the Business 8 7 5 20 d.f = 4,
family P= 0.82 (NS)
Unemployed 0 0 0 0
Rs.8000-10000 23 12 5 40
Family Rs.10001 – 15000 9 9 9 27 χ 2= 8.19
monthly
Rs.15001 – 20000 6 6 6 18 d.f = 8,
income
P= 0.41 (NS)
Rs.20001 – 25000 3 3 3 9
Urban 36 28 18 82 χ 2= 1.06
Area of
residence Rural 7 5 6 18 d.f = 2,
P= 0.58 (NS)
10
Gujarati 43 33 24
0 χ 2= 5.42
Medium of
education English 0 0 0 0 d.f = 2,
Others 0 0 0 0 P= 0.06 (NS)

First child 22 16 8 46
χ 2= 2.40
Birth order in
Second child 16 14 12 42
d.f = 4,
the family
Third child 5 3 4 12 P= 0.66 (NS)
Weight 30-40 kg 34 27 22 83

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χ 2= 1.90
41-50 kg 6 4 1 11

>50 kg 3 2 1 6 d.f = 4,
P= 0.75 (NS)
Height 130–140 cm 15 18 14 48
χ 2= 4.68
141–150cm 17 10 6 33
d.f = 4,
>150cm 11 5 4 19 P= 0.32 (NS)

df= degrees of freedom, S* = significant (P<0.05), NS= not significant (P>0.05)

This Table shows the association between posttest level score and adolescents demographic variables. There is only one
demographical variable shows significance with posttest level score was age in years and no significance on the any
other demographic variables.

DISCUSSION: The focus of this study is to assess the effectiveness of psycho education module in reducing anger
among samples. Data collection was done at khambhok primary school, vadnagar. Purposive sampling method was
used to select the sample. The duration of data collection was 4 weeks.

CONCLUSION: As anger is universal and of relevance to all, a more thorough understanding of anger management
techniques is essential for preventing anger related problems and enhancing health overall. Anger reduction
techniques constitute a safe and effective approach for reducing anger. The samples had more domestic violence in
physical abuse, and physiological abuse, psychological abuse and more suicidal risk. This study brings to light on
sustained and committed efforts to remove anger as well as for psycho education among early adolescents. The study
findings showed that the samples were undergoing varying level of anger. Their anger levels have reduced after the
intervention of psycho education module which has been statistically proved. Hence, psycho education module is one
of the techniques to increase the well-being of the samples, and it was a useful measure to reduce anger. On an average
early adolescents are reduced their anger score from 65.61 to 46.49 after the administration of psycho education module
this difference is statistically significant. Statistical significance was calculated by using students paired, t’ test. The
comparison of overall knowledge score before and after psycho education module mean ± SD = 65.61±15.83, post-
test mean ± SD = 46.49±12.5, mean difference mean ± SD=19.12±20.31, students paired t-test t=9.41 p=0.001***,
DF=99 significant. Very high significant at * P = ≤0.001.

RECOMMENDATIONS: •
1. Similar studies can be carried out to assess the effectiveness of psycho education module in overcoming anger
on the adolescents.
2. A similar study can be conducted on a large sample.
3. The study can be carried out on particular mental disorder among the adolescents in the school setup.
4. Qualitative and mixed methodology research conducted

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