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Biology IX Final

The document outlines the Class IX Biology syllabus for the academic year 2021-22 at Sanskriti School, detailing the course structure, chapters, and practical components. It covers various topics including the fundamental unit of life, tissues, diversity in living organisms, health and diseases, natural resources, and food production. Additionally, it includes a month-wise syllabus breakdown and assignments for student assessment.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

101 views110 pages

Biology IX Final

Uploaded by

divya manik

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

You are on page 1/ 110

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

SMARTSKILLS

2021-22

CLASS IX

BIOLOGY

Class IX Biology
SmartSkills Sanskriti School

CONTENTS

Chapter Page No.

Course Structure & Syllabus 2-5

5 THE FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE 6-19

6 TISSUES 20-32
TERM 1 REVISION WORKSHEET 33 –35

7 DIVERSITY IN LIVING ORGANISMS 36-49

13 WHY DO WE FALL ILL 50-57

14 NATURAL RESOURCES 58 –64

15 IMPROVEMENT IN FOOD RESOURCES 65 –75

TERM 2 REVISION WORKSHEET 76

TERM 1 – PRACTICAL PORTION 77- 89

TERM 2 – PRACTICAL PORTION 90- 98

SAMPLE PAPER 99-109

Page- 1- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

COURSE STRUCTURE CLASS IX

(Annual Examination) Marks: 80

Unit Unit Marks Periods

No.
I Matter - Its Nature and Behaviour 23 50
II Organization in the Living World 20 45
III Motion, Force and Work 27 60
IV Our Environment 06 15
V Food; Food Production 04 10
Total 80
Internal assessment 20
Grand Total 100

Theme: Materials

(50 Periods)
Unit I: Matter-Nature and Behaviour
Definition of matter; solid, liquid and gas; characteristics - shape, volume, density; change of
state- melting (absorption of heat), freezing, evaporation (cooling by evaporation),
condensation, sublimation.
Nature of matter: Elements, compounds and mixtures. Heterogeneous and homogenous
mixtures, colloids and suspensions.
Particle nature and their basic units: Atoms and molecules, Law of constant proportions,
Atomic and molecular masses. Mole concept: Relationship of mole to mass of the particles
and numbers.
Structure of atoms: Electrons, protons and neutrons, valency, chemical formula of common
compounds. Isotopes and Isobars.

Theme: The World of the Living (45 Periods)

Unit II: Organization in the Living World
Cell - Basic Unit of life : Cell as a basic unit of life; prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells,
multicellular organisms; cell membrane and cell wall, cell organelles and cell inclusions;
chloroplast, mitochondria, vacuoles, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus; nucleus,
chromosomes - basic structure, number.
Tissues, Organs, Organ System, Organism:
Structure and functions of animal and plant tissues (only four types of tissues in
animals; Meristematic and Permanent tissues in plants).

Page- 2- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

Biological Diversity: Diversity of plants and animals-basic issues in scientific naming,

basis of classification. Hierarchy of categories / groups, Major groups of plants (salient
features) (Bacteria, Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms and
Angiosperms). Major groups of animals (salient features) (Non-chordates upto phyla
and chordates upto classes).

Health and Diseases: Health and its failure. Infectious and Non-infectious diseases, their
causes and manifestation. Diseases caused by microbes (Virus, Bacteria and Protozoans)
and their prevention; Principles of treatment and prevention. Pulse Polio programmes.

Theme: Moving Things, People and Ideas (60 Periods)

Unit III: Motion, Force and Work

Motion: Distance and displacement, velocity; uniform and non-uniform motion along a
straight line; acceleration, distance-time and velocity-time graphs for uniform motion
and uniformly accelerated motion, derivation of equations of motion by graphical
method; elementary idea of uniform circular motion.
Force and Newton’s laws : Force and Motion, Newton’s Laws of Motion, Action and
Reaction forces, Inertia of a body, Inertia and mass, Momentum, Force and Acceleration.
Elementary idea of conservation of Momentum.
Gravitation: Gravitation; Universal Law of Gravitation, Force of Gravitation of the earth
(gravity), Acceleration due to Gravity; Mass and Weight; Free fall.
Floatation: Thrust and Pressure. Archimedes’ Principle; Buoyancy; Elementary idea of
Relative Density. Work, energy and power: Work done by a Force, Energy, power;
Kinetic and Potential energy; Law of conservation of energy.
Sound: Nature of sound and its propagation in various media, speed of sound, range of
hearing in humans; ultrasound; reflection of sound; echo and SONAR. Structure of the
Human Ear (Auditory aspect only).

Theme: Natural Resources: Balance in nature (15 Periods)

Unit IV: Our Environment

Physical resources: Air, Water, Soil. Air for respiration, for combustion, for
moderating temperatures; movements of air and its role in bringing rains across
India.
Air, water and soil pollution (brief introduction). Holes in ozone layer
and the probable damages.

Bio-geo chemical cycles in nature: Water, Oxygen, Carbon and Nitrogen

Theme: Food (10 Periods)

Unit V: Food Production
Plant and animal breeding and selection for quality improvement and management; Use
of fertilizers and manures; Protection from pests and diseases; Organic farming.

Page- 3- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

PRACTICALS IN BIOLOGY (30 Periods)

1. Preparation of stained temporary mounts of (a) onion peel, (b) human cheek cells & to
record observations and draw their labeled diagrams. Unit-II

2. Identification of Parenchyma, collenchyma and Sclerenchyma tissues in plants,

striped, smooth, and cardiac muscle fibers and nerve cells in animals, from prepared
slides. Draw their labeled diagrams. Unit-II

3. Study of the characteristics of Spirogyra, Agaricus, Moss, Fern, Pinus (either with
male or female cone) and an Angiospermic plant. Draw and give two identifying
features of the groups they belong to. Unit-II

4. Observe the given pictures/charts/models of earthworm, cockroach, bony fish, and

bird. For each organism, draw their picture and record: Unit-II
a) one specific feature of its phylum.
b) one adaptive feature with reference to its habitat.

5. Study of the external features of root, stem, leaf and flower of monocot and dicot
plants. Unit-III

Page- 4- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

Month Wise Syllabus (2021-22)

Term 1

April 2021
Chapter 6: Fundamental Unit of Life

June 2021
Chapter 5: Fundamental Unit of Life (Contd.)

July 2021
Chapter 6: Tissues

August 2021
Chapter 15: Improvement in Food Resources

September: Revision Term 1

First Term Exam

Term 2

October 2021
Chapter 14: Natural Resources (Mineral Riches in the soil & Biogeochemical Cycles)

November 2021
Chapter 7: Diversity in Living Organisms

December 2021
Chapter 7: Diversity in Living Organisms (Contd.)

January 2022
Chapter 13: Why Do We fall Ill?

February 2022
Revision for Annual Exams

Annual Exams

Page- 5- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

CHAPTER 5

THE FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE

Learning Outcomes:

Students will be able to what are cells, structure of cell After completing the
understand and the content of the cell? chapter and attempting from
SS Q1 to Q5
Students will be able to the concept of diffusion and After completing the chapter
understand Osmosis and attempting from SS Q6 to
Q9
Students will be able to a. Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic After completing the chapter
identify the difference cells and attempting from SS Q10 to
between b. Plant and animal cells. Q12

Students will be able to the functions of cell organelles After completing the chapter
learn and attempting from SS Q 13
to Q17
Students will be able to the structure of plant and After completing the chapter
draw animal cells. and attempting from SS Q 18
Students will be able to the correct option After completing the
understand , reason and chapter and attempting from
select SS MCQ based on theory and
practical
Students will be able to the correct options after completing the Assertion
analyze and select –reason and paragraph-based
questions

Page- 6- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

Assignment: 5.1

Q.1.Match the following:

Single matching

Column I Column II
a) Nucleus i. Cellulose
b) Mitochondria ii. Double membrane
c) Cell wall iii. Cell sap
d) Vacuole. iv. Power house

Q2 Double Matching

a) Multicellular i. Lipids 1. Suicide bags

organisms
b) Plasma membrane ii. Plants 2. Inner folded
membrane
c) Mitochondria iii. Digestive 3. Proteins
enzymes
d) Lysosomes iv. Outer porous 4. Animals.
membrane

Q 3. Expand: RER, SER, DNA, RNA and ATP

1. ________________________________________________

2. ________________________________________________

3. ________________________________________________

4. _________________________________________________

5. _________________________________________________

Page- 7- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

Q 4. Shape and size of cells are related to the function they perform. Explain with example.

________________________________________________________________________________

Q 5. A special process helps in the intake of oxygen inside the cells and release of carbon dioxide
from the cells. Name the process.

________________________________________________________________________________

Q.6. Name the three types of plastids and the functions they perform.

________________________________________________________________________________

Q 7. Name the two organelles that have their own genetic material

________________________________________________________________________________

Q 8. Amoeba is able to engulf its food due to the flexibility of the cell membrane. What is this
process called as?

________________________________________________________________________________

Q9. Each of these membranes were filled with 1% solution of sugar. Membrane A was immersed in
0.5% sugar solution, Membrane B was immersed in 1% sugar solution and Membrane C was
immersed in 2% sugar solution. Predict the behavior of the three membranes.

________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Q10. Differentiate between plant cell and animal cell based on: Cell wall, vacuole and plastids.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

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Q11. Give the functions of the following (in one line)

a) Cell wall
________________________________________________________________________________

b) Cell membrane
________________________________________________________________________________

c) Nucleus
________________________________________________________________________________

d) Mitochondria
________________________________________________________________________________

e) Golgi apparatus
________________________________________________________________________________

f) Lysosomes
________________________________________________________________________________

g) Plastids
________________________________________________________________________________

h) SER
________________________________________________________________________________

i) RER
________________________________________________________________________________

j) Ribosomes
________________________________________________________________________________

Q12. State one similarity in structure between mitochondria and plastids.

________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Q13. Name the substances stored in Vacuole.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

Page- 9- Class IX Biology

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________________________________________________________________________________

Q14.What percentage of plant cell volume does the central vacuole occupy?

________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

Q15. Why does the skin of your fingers shrink when you wash clothes for a long time?

Q16. Which kind of plastid is present in:

a) Roots of the plant.

b) Leaves of the plant.
c) Flowers and fruits.

Page- 10- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

WORKSHEET

Study the diagram and answer the following questions:

Q1. Identify and name the given structure.

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________
Q2. Write two identifying features of the given structure which are different from
the animal cell.
________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________
Q3. What is a nucleoid?
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

Q4. Give function of Flagellum.

Page- 11- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

Q5. Different parts of a cell are shown in the following diagram. Study the parts and
in the table given write the names of each part in the appropriate table.

S.No Found in plant cells Found in animal cells Found both in plant and
only only animal cells

Page- 12- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

Assignment No. 5.2

Multiple choice questions from the chapter

1. The undefined nuclear region of prokaryotes is also known as

a) nucleus b) nucleolus c) nucleic acid d) nucleoid

2. Amoeba acquires its food through a process termed as

a) exocytosis b) endocytosis c) plasmolysis d) both a) and b).

3. Chromosomes are made up of

a) protein b) DNA c) DNA and protein d) RNA

4. Which cell organelle plays a crucial role in the detoxification of the cells?
a) Golgi apparatus b) Lysosomes c) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum d) vacuoles

5. Kitchen of the cell is

a) mitochondria b) endoplasmic reticulum c) chloroplast d) Golgi apparatus

6. Lysosomes arises from

a) endoplasmic reticulum b) Golgi apparatus c) nucleus d) mitochondria

7. Living cells were discovered by.

a) Robert Hooke b) Purkinje c) Leeuwenhoek d) Robert Brown

8. Which of the following is not the function of vacuole?

a) Storage b) Provide turgidity c) waste excretion d) Locomotion

9. A cell shrinks if
a) The concentration of water molecule in the cell is higher than the concentration of water
molecule in the surrounding medium.
b) The concentration of water molecule in the cell is lower than the concentration of water
molecule in the surrounding medium.
c) The concentration of water molecule is same in the cell and in the surrounding medium.
d) Concentration of water molecule does not matter.

10. Power house of the cell is

a) mitochondria b) endoplasmic reticulum c) chloroplast d) Golgi apparatus.

11. Plasmolysis in the plant cell is defined as

a) Break down of plasma membrane in hypotonic solution
b) Shrinkage of cytoplasm in the hypertonic medium
c) Shrinkage of nuclear membrane
d) None of the above

12. Which of the following organelle has a single membrane?

a) Mitochondria b) Chloroplast c) Vacuole d) None of the above

Page- 13- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

Assignment No. 5.3

Multiple choice questions Based on Practical syllabus Temporary Mount.

1. To locate the specimen under the compound microscope the objective lens to be used is.

a) 10X b) 40X c) 100X d) fine adjustment and 40X

2. If the power of eyepiece is 10X and that of objective lens is 40X, then the total magnification of
microscope will be

a) 10X b) 400X c) 100X d) 4X

The correct identification of the spot shown above is:

a) Onion peel b) Cheek cells c) Sclerenchyma d) Parenchyma

4. While preparing the temporary mount of cheek cell the tissue that is scrapped from the inner
side of cheek is:
a) epithelial tissue b) muscular tissue c) connective tissue d) nervous tissue

5. The stain used in preparing temporary mount of cheek cell is

a) glycerin b) safranin c) water d) methylene blue

6. Which of the following organelle is visible in the temporary mount of cheek cell?
a) nucleus b) mitochondria c) Golgi apparatus d) Lysosomes

7. To avoid air bubble during the preparation of temporary slide one should
a) use needle to place the cover slip
b) allow the slide to fall gently on the cover slip
c) remove air bubbles using the brush
d) none of the above

8. After staining onion peel for 2-3 minutes what will be the color of the peel
a) colorless b) red c) blue d) yellow

9. Use of toothpick in preparing temporary mount of cheek cell is

Page- 14- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

a) to scrap the inner lining of cheek

b) to place the cover slip
c) to remove the air bubble
d) none of the above

10. The stain used in preparing temporary mount of onion peel is

a) glycerin b) safranin c) water d) methylene blue

11. Which of the following organelle is visible in the temporary mount of onion peel
a) nucleus b) mitochondria c) Golgi body d) lysosomes

12. Soham while observing an onion peel slide under the microscope noted the following
characteristics.
a) Presence of a single nucleus in a cell
b) Cells attached edge to edge without any intercellular spaces.
c) Presence of cell wall around each cell
d) All of these

13. Human cheek cell was stained, mounted and observed under the compound microscope.
The components of the cell which would be seen are:-
a) Cell wall, nucleus, and cytoplasm
b) Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus
c) Plasma membrane, nucleus, mitochondria
d) Cell wall, nucleus, vacuole

14. Use of brush in preparing temporary mount of onion peel is-

a) to paint the peel
b) to transfer the peel
c) to remove the air bubble
d) to clean the slide

15. Microscopic observation of onion peel shows nucleus at the periphery the reason for this is
a) large nucleus
b) large vacuole
c) lack of cytoplasm
d) improper staining

Page- 15- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

Endosmosis by raisins

1. Students A, B and C were given five raisins each of equal weight. The raisins were soaked
in distilled water at room temperature. A removed the raisins after, 20 minutes, B after two
hours and C after 40 minutes. If P A, P B & P C denotes percentage absorption of water
obtained by Students A, B and C respectively then,
(a) PA >PB >PC
(b) PA <PB <PC
(c) PA <PB >PC
(d) PA =PB =PC

2. A student dissolved 1 g of sugar in 10 mL of distilled water in a beaker A. He dissolved 10

g of sugar in 100 mL of distilled water in beaker B. Then he dropped a few raisins, in each. After
two hours he found the raisins
(a) Swollen in A and shrunken in B.
(b) Shrunken in A and swollen in B.
(c) Swollen in both.
(d) Shrunken in both.

3. A student dissolved 5 g of sugar in 100 mL of distilled water in beaker A. She dissolved 100
g of sugar in100 mL of distilled water in beaker B. Then she dropped a few raisins of equal
weight in each beaker. After two hours she found the raisins in A swollen and those in B
shrunken. The inference drawn is that
(a) Sugar concentration of raisins is lower than that of solution A and higher than that of
solution B.
(b) Sugar concentration of raisins is higher than that of solution A and lower than that of
solution B.
(c) In B the cell membrane of raisins was damaged resulting in leaching.
(d) In A the permeability to water of the cell membrane of raisins was enhanced.

4. While performing an experiment with raisins, a student recorded the following data.
Mass of water taken in the beaker= 50 g
Mass of raisins before soaking= 20 g
Mass of raisins after soaking = 30 g
Mass of water in the beaker left after experiment = 40 g; the percentage of water absorbed by
the raisin is
a) 10 %.
b) 20 %.
c) 45 %.
d) 50 %

5. 5g of raisins were placed in distilled water for 24 hours. The weight of soaked raisins was
found to be 7g. The correct percentage of water observed by raisins is
a) 20 % b) 25 %
c) 40 % d) 45 %

Page- 16- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

Assignment No. 5.4

Questions on Assertion and Reason

1. Assertion (A) : Cell is the fundamental and structural unit of life

Reason (R): All living organisms have a eukaryotic cell

Choose the correct option

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true, R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true

________________________________________________

2. Assertion: (A) All living organisms are composed of cells and products of cells.
Reason (R): All cells arise from pre-existing cells.

Choose the correct option

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true, R is not the correct explanation of A

c) A is true but R is false.

d) A is false but R is true

___________________________________________________

Page- 17- Class IX Biology

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Paragraph Based Questions:

1. Read the passage and answer the questions given below.

The cell membrane is the outermost covering of the cell that separates the contents of the cell from
its external environment. It is made up of protein and lipid. It allows or permits the entry and exit
of some materials in and out of the cell. Some substances like carbon dioxide or oxygen can move
across the cell membrane by a process called diffusion. Osmosis is a special type of diffusion through
a selectively permeable membrane. Membrane bound structures called organelles are found in the
cytoplasm. Some organelles like mitochondria and chloroplast are bounded by two membranes.
Ribosomes synthesis protein.

A. The cell membrane is made up of substances prepared by:

a. RER and Nucleus

b. SER and Plastids

c. RER and SER

d. Cellulose and SER

B. Which process is responsible for the absorption of water by the roots of a plant?

a. Diffusion

b. Endocytosis

c. Osmosis

d. Plasmolysis

C What would happen when a Plant cell is placed in concentrated salt solution for 10 minutes?

a. It will swell

b. It will shrink

c. It gets plasmolysed

d. It remains the same

D Which of these have a cell wall?

a. Bacteria
b. Amoeba
c. Yeast
d. Viruses

Page- 18- Class IX Biology

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E. Assertion (A): De-shelled eggs swell up in hypotonic solution.

Reason (R): An egg is rich in protein.

Choose the correct option

a. Both the Assertion and the Reason are correct and the Reason is the correct explanation of the
Assertion.
b. The Assertion and the Reason are correct but the Reason is not the correct explanation of the
Assertion.
c. Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
d. The statement of the Assertion is false but the Reason is true.

Page- 19- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

Chapter 6

TISSUES

Plant Tissues

Learning Outcomes:

Students will be able to Different types of Simple plant After completing the chapter
learn tissues and attempting from
SS Q1 to Q5
Students will be able to cells in the epidermis specially After completing the chapter
learn and draw stomata and attempting from
SS Q6 & Q7
Students will be able to what are complex plant tissues After completing the chapter
learn and their function. and attempting from
Permanent tissues SS Q8 & Q9
Students will be able to The correct option, After completing the chapter
understand, reason and and attempting SS MCQ
select
Students will be of the concepts. After completing the chapter and
able to get the attempting SS Questions on
clarity Assertion and Reason

after completing the paragraph based

Students will be able to the correct options questions
analyse and select

Page- 20- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

Assignment 6.1

Plant Tissues

Q1. What is a tissue?

________________________________________________________________________________

Q2. Complete the following:

Q3. Name the Complex Permanent Tissue. Why are they called as complex tissues?

Q4. Give the various elements of Xylem and Phloem.

Page- 21- Class IX Biology

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(iii) Chlorenchyma consists of large air cavities.

_____________________________________________________________________________

(iv) Sclerenchyma consists of chlorophyll which makes it hard.

_____________________________________________________________________________

(v) Small pores in the epidermis of leaf are called as stomata.

_____________________________________________________________________________

(vi) Cork cells contain lignin.

_____________________________________________________________________________

Q6. Draw a well labeled diagram of stomata showing guard cells.

Q7. What will happen if the epidermis is covered with a layer of Vaseline?

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

Q8. Give the functions of xylem and phloem.

Q10. Define the process of differentiation.

Page- 22- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

Chapter 6 : TISSUES

Animal Tissues

Learning Outcomes:

Students will be able to 1. Learn different types of Animal After completing the chapter
tissues and attempting from SS Q1 to
2. Understand their structure Q6 Assignment 6.2
3.Difference between different
tissues
4. Their functions.

Students will be able to the correct option After completing the chapter
understand reason and and attempting from
select SS theory and practical MCQ
assignment 6.3&6.4
Students will be able to get of the concepts. After completing the
the clarity chapter and attempting from SS
Questions on Assertion and
Reason Assignment 6.5

Students will be able to the correct option After attempting paragraph

understand, analyse and based questions assignment 6.5
select

Page- 23- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

Assignment No. 6.2

Q1. Give reasons:

(i) Why is it essential for oxygen to reach each and every cell of the body?
_______________________________________________________________________
(ii) Matrix of bone is made up of calcium.
_______________________________________________________________________
(iii) Presence of contractile protein in the muscles.
_______________________________________________________________________
(iv) Why are muscles named as striated or unstriated?
_______________________________________________________________________
(v) Neurons are long cells.
_______________________________________________________________________
(vi) Animals of colder region and fishes of cold water have thick layer of subcutaneous fat.
_______________________________________________________________________
Q 2 Complete the table

EPITHELIAL TYPES LOCATION

TISSUE

Squamous Epithelium

Respiratory tract

Glandular Epithelium

Q 3. Give the functions and components of blood.

Page- 24- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

_______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

Q 4. Differentiate between:
(i) Bone and Cartilage
(ii) Tendons and ligament
(iii) Striated muscles and Cardiac muscles
(iv) Unstriated muscles and skeletal muscles.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

Page- 25- Class IX Biology

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Q 5. Give the function of axon and dendrite.

Q 6. What is the role of Adipose tissues in our body?

Page- 26- Class IX Biology

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Assignment No: 6.3

Multiple choice questions based on the chapter.

1. Which of the following have dead cells?

a) Parenchyma b) Sclerenchyma c) Collenchyma d) Epithelial tissue

2. Meristematic tissue in plants are

a) localised and permanent.
b) localised and dividing cells.
c) Permanent
d) Help in storage.

3. What is the function of stomata

a) Gaseous exchange
b) Transpiration
c) Conduction of water
d) Both a) and b)

4. Girth of the stem increases due to

a) Apical meristem
b) Lateral meristem
c) Intercalary meristem
d) Vertical meristem

5. The dead element present in the Phloem is

a) Companion cells
b) Phloem fibre
c) Phloem parenchyma
d) Sieve tubes

6. Cartilage is not found in

a) Nose b) Ear c) Kidney d) Larynx

7. Nerve cells does not contain

a) axon
b) nerve endings
c) tendons
d) dendrites

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8. Bone matrix is rich in

a) Fluoride and calcium
b) Calcium and phosphorous
c) Calcium and potassium
d) Phosphorous and potassium

9. Fats are stored in the human body as

a) Cartilage
b) Cuboidal epithelium
c) Adipose tissue
d) Areolar tissue

10. Voluntary muscles are found in

a) Alimentary canal
b) Limbs
c) Iris of the eye
d) Lungs

11. Which muscle acts involuntary?

a) Striated muscle
b) Smooth muscles
c) Cardiac muscles
d) Skeletal muscles

12. The muscular tissues that works continuously without fatigue is

a) Skeletal muscle
b) Cardiac muscle
c) Smooth muscle
d) Voluntary muscle

13. Contractile protein are found in

a) Bone
b) Blood
c) Muscles
d) Cartilage

Page- 28- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

Assignment No: 6.4

Multiple choice questions based on Practical syllabus Permanent slides

1) You are shown a slide of plant tissue with both parenchyma and collenchyma.
You can identify the collenchyma by
a) Location of nucleus b) Position of vacuole
c) Thickness of the cell wall d) Size of cell

2) The permanent plant tissue which is living and thin walled is

a) Parenchyma b) Sclerenchyma
c) Collenchyma d) Xylem

3) Which of the following is the packing tissue of the plant?

a) Collenchyma b) Parenchyma c) Sclerenchyma d) Phloem

4) Striated muscles are called so because they have

a) inconspicuous nucleus
b) alternate light and dark bands
c) light bands only
d) none of the above

5) Kusum observed nerve cells under the microscope, and labeled the sketch. The
mistake in her labeling is
a) Cilia b) Dendrites c) Nucleus d) Cytoplasm

6) Continuously dividing tissues are called as

a) meristematic tissues b) sclerenchyma c) xylem d) epithelial

7) Cuboidal epithelial cells are found in

a) tongue b) kidney tubules c) stomach
d) inner lining of the check

8) Blood is a type of
a) epithelial tissue b) nervous tissue c) connective tissue
d) muscular tissue

9) Muscles involved in the movement of the arm are

a) striated b) unstriated c) cardiac d) smooth

10) Bases of leaves and internodes have

a)lateral meristem b) apical meristem c) intercalary meristem d) none

Page- 29- Class IX Biology

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Assignment No: 6.5

Questions on Assertion and Reason

1. Assertion (A): A simple tissue is made up of only one type of cell.

Reason (R): Various simple tissues in plants are parenchyma, collenchyma and
sclerenchyma.

Choose the correct option

a. Both Assertion and reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
b. Both Assertion and reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
c. Assertion is true, Reason is false.
d. Both Assertion and reason are false.

2. Assertion (A) : The cells of connective tissues except blood secrete fibres.
Reason (R): Fibers provide strength, elasticity and flexibility to the tissue.

Choose the correct option

3. Assertion (A): Tissue is made up of many type of cells.

Reason(R): Different cells have different functions.

Choose the correct option

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Paragraph Based Questions

1.Read the paragraph and answers the questions given below

Connective tissues are characterized by an abundance of intercellular matrices with relatively few
cells. Connective tissue cells are able to reproduce but not as rapidly as epithelial cells. Connective
tissues is a network that binds structures together, form a framework and support an organs and
the body as a whole, store fat, transport substances, protect against disease, and help repair tissue
damage. They occur throughout the body. Numerous cell types are found in connective tissue.
Three of the most common are the fibroblast, macrophage, and mast cell. The types of connective
tissue include loose connective tissue, adipose tissue, dense fibrous connective tissue, elastic
connective tissue, cartilage, osseous tissue (bone), and blood.

Q1. A person met with an accident in which two long bones of hand were dislocated. Which
among the following may be the possible reason?
(a) Tendon break
(b) Break of skeletal muscle
(c) Ligament break
(d) Areolar tissue break

Q2. Which of the following helps in repair of tissue and fills up the space inside the organ?
(a) Tendon
(b) Adipose tissue
(c) Areolar
(d) Cartilage

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Q3. Bone matrix is rich in

(a) fluoride and calcium
(b) calcium and phosphorus
(c) calcium and potassium
(d) phosphorus and potassium

Q4. Contractile proteins are found in

(a) bones
(b) blood
(c) muscles
(d) cartilage

Q5. Select the incorrect sentence.

(a) Blood has a matrix containing proteins, salts, and hormones.

(b) Two bones are connected with ligament.
(c) Tendons are non-fibrous tissue and fragile.
(d) Cartilage is a form of connective tissue.

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TERM 1

Revision Worksheet

Choose the correct option 3

1. Which cell organelle is actively involved in membrane biogenesis?

a. ER
b. Golgi apparatus
c. Lysosomes
d. Vacuoles

2. Name the process that requires energy provided by ATP

a. Diffusion
b. Osmosis
c. Active transport
d. Plasmolysis
3. Chromatin material consists of:-
a. DNA
b. RNA
c. DNA and proteins
d. RNA and proteins

4. The barrier between genetic material and cytoplasm in an animal cell is called:
a. Cell wall
b. Nuclear membrane
c. Tonoplast.
d. Plasma membrane

5. Which organelle is not bound by a membrane?

a. Ribosomes
b. Lysosomes
c. ER
d. Nucleus

6. Which one is an oil yielding plant among the following?

a. Lentil
b. Sunflower
c. Cauliflower
d. Hibiscus

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Q 2. Match the column :- 2.5

Column A Column B
a. cattle used for tilling and carting
i) Aseel
b. Indian breed of chicken
Ii Broiler
c. Sahiwal Iii Milk producing female
d. Chicken better fed for obtaining meat
Iv drought animals
e. Milch v) Local breed of cattle

Q 3. Fill in the blanks :- 2.5

a) _________is the process by which unspecialized structures become modified and specialized for
performing specialized functions.
b) Tracheids are cells (with/without) Protoplasm.
c) is made of white fibres and connects muscles to bones.
d) Pigeon pea is a good source of
e) Xanthium and parthenium are commonly known as

4
Q 4. Define the following
1. Plasmolysis
2. Osmosis
3. Apiculture
4. Macronutrients

Q 5. Answer the following 8

1. Differentiate between compost and Green manure
2. Name two types of animal feed.
3. What is the function of lignin deposition in cell wall?
4. Name and draw a cell that does not have a well-defined nuclear region. Label any 2 parts

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Q.6 A) Identify the location of these cells. 2

B) Give one function of sclerenchyma tissue

Q7. What would happen if poultry birds are larger in size and have no summer adaptability?
In order to get small size poultry birds, having summer adaptability what method will be
employed?

Q8. Observe the given slides. It shows various types of connective tissues in animals. 3

A) Identify the location of any two of these

B) Differentiate on the basis of structure between any two of these.

C) Differentiate on the basis of function between adipose tissue and blood

Page- 35- Class IX Biology

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Chapter 7
Diversity in the Living World

Learning Outcomes:

Students will be the plant and animal species in After completing the
able to classify different Kingdoms, Divisions, chapter and attempting
Phylum and classes from SS Diversity Chart
assignment 7.1
Students will be understand, reason and select the After completing the
able to correct option chapter and attempting
from SS MCQ based on
theory and practical’s
assignment 7.2
Students will be of the concepts. After completing the
able to get the chapter and attempting
clarity from SS Questions on
Assertion and Reason
assignment 7.3

Students will be the correct option After attempting

able to understand, paragraph-based questions
analyse and select assignment 7.3

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Assignment No: 7.1

Q 1. Fill in the Chart given below

S Organism Identify specimen Kingdom Two

No. & Characteristics:
/Division Kingdom / &
/Phylum Division /
Phylum / Class
1.

4.
CRYPTOGAMAE
(spores)

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5. CRYPTOGAMAE

6. CRYPTOGAMAE

7. PHANEROGAMAE (seed)

8. PHANEROGAMAE

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9. PHANEROGAMAE

10.

11. ACOELOMATE

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12. ACOELOMATE

13. PSEUDOCOELOMATE

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14. COELOMATE
(WITH BODY CAVITY)

COELOMATE-
with body cavity

15.

16.

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17. NO NOTOCHORD

18.

19. NOTOCHORD
(Replace by vertebral column)

20.

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21.

22.

23.

Page- 43- Class IX Biology

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Assignment No: 7.2

Multiple choice questions based on the Chapter

1. Which among the following has specialized tissue for conduction of water?
a) Thallophyta b) Bryophyta c) Pteridophyta d) b) and c)

2. Which among the following produce seeds

a) Thallophyta b) Bryophyta c) Pteridophyta d) Gymnosperm

3. Which among the following is known as the Amphibians of the plant kingdom
a) Thallophyta b) Bryophyta c) Pteridophyta d) Gymnosperm

4. Who proposed 5 kingdom classification

a) Morgan b) R. Whittaker c) Linnaeus d) Hackel

5. The origin of species id written by

a) Darwin b) R. Whittaker c) Linnaeus d) Hackel

6. Well defined nucleus is absent in

a) Diatoms b) Algae c) blue green algae d) Yeast

7. Pteridophyta do not have

a) Roots b) stem c) flowers d) leaves

8. Identify a member of porifera

a) Spongilla b) Euglena c) Penicilium d) Hydra

9. Which of the following is not a criterion for classification of living organisms

a) Body design of the organism
b) Ability to produce one’s own food.
c) Membrane bound nucleus
d) Height of the plant

10. Corals are

a) Poriferans attached to some solid support
b) Cniderians,that are solitary living.
c) Poriferans present at the sea bed.
d) Cnidirians that live in the colonies

11. Hard calcium carbonate structures are used as skeleton.

a) Echinodermata b) Protochordata c)Arthopoda d) Nematoda

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12. Phylum feature of Arthropoda is

a) Tube feet b) Muscular feet c) Jointed legs d) Cilia

13. One phylum feature of Arthropoda is

a) Tube feet b) Muscular feet c) Jointed legs d) Cilia

14. The locomotory organs of Echinodermata are

a) Tube feet b) Muscular feet c) Jointed legs d) Cilia

15. Two chambered heart is present in

a) Crocodiles b) Fish c) Aves d) Amphibians

16. Amphibians do not have the following

a) Three chambered heart b) Gills and lungs c) Scales d) Mucus gland

17. Skeleton is made entirely of cartilage in

a) Sharks b) Tuna c) Rohu d) None of the above

18. Notochord is found in

a) Echinodermata b) Protochordata c) Mollusca d) None of
the above

19. One of the following is not an Annelid

a) Neris b) Earthworm c) Urchins d) Leech

20. Mammals have the following features

a) Hair on the body
b) External skeleton
c) Gills
d) Notochord

Page- 45- Class IX Biology

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Multiple choice questions based on Practical Syllabus Specimens

1) The common feature that assigns Honey bee and Cockroach to the same phylum is:

a) Wings b) Jointed appendages

c) Three pairs of legs d) Antennae

2) The Amphibians of the plant kingdom are

a) Bryophytes b) Gymnosperm c) Pteridophytes d) Angiosperm

3) Neha observed the following under the microscope. Identify the organism and the
group

a) Fern; Pteridophytes

b) Spirogyra; Algae
c) Spirogyra; Fungi
d) Moss; Bryophytes

4) Correct classification of Moss is:

a) Kingdom : Plantae
Sub Kingdom: Phanerogamae
Division : Pteridophyta
Class : Mosses

b) Kingdom : Plantae
Sub Kingdom: Cryptogamae
Division : Pteridophyta Class : Mosses

c ) Kingdom : Plantae
Sub Kingdom: Cryptogamae
Division :Bryophyta
Class : Mosses

d) Kingdom : Plantae
Sub Kingdom : Cryptogamae
Division : Thallophyta
Class : Mosses

Page- 46- Class IX Biology

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Assignment No: 7.3

Questions on Assertion and Reason

1. Assertion: Species is the basic unit of classification.

Reason: There are many organisms with similar features in a species.

Choose the correct option

a. Both Assertion and reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of
Assertion.
b. Both Assertion and reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
c. Assertion is true, Reason is false.
d. Both Assertion and reason are false.

2. Assertion (A): R. Whittekar proposed five kingdom classification.

Reason (R): The criteria of classification is cell structure, mode of nutrition and body
organization.

Choose the correct option

a. Both Assertion and reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of
Assertion.
b. Both Assertion and reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
c. Assertion is true, Reason is false.
d. Both Assertion and reason are false

3. Assertion (A): Divisions Thallophyta , Bryophyta and Pteridophyta belong to the group
Cryptogamae.
Reason (R): The reproductive organs are inconspicuous.

Choose the correct option

a. Both Assertion and reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of
Assertion.
b. Both Assertion and reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
c. Assertion is true, Reason is false.
d. Both Assertion and reason are false

4. Assertion (A): The organisms that belong to phylum Annelida have coelomic cavity.

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Reason (R): The organisms in the phylum Annelida are well developed.

Choose the correct option

a. Both Assertion and reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of
Assertion.
b. Both Assertion and reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
c. Assertion is true, Reason is false.
d. Both Assertion and reason are false

Paragraph Based Questions

1. Read the paragraph given below and answer the questions that follow.

In this group, the plant body is differentiated into roots, stem and leaves and has specialised tissue
for the conduction of water and other substances from one part of the plant body to another. Some
examples are Marsilea, ferns and horse-tails. The reproductive organs of plants in all these three
groups are very inconspicuous, and they are therefore called ‘cryptogams’, or ‘those with hidden
reproductive organs’. On the other hand, plants with well differentiated reproductive parts that
ultimately make seeds are called phanerogams. Seeds are the result of sexual reproduction process.
They consist of the embryo along with stored food, which assists for the initial growth of the
embryo during germination.

A. Identify the group where plant body is differentiated into roots, stem and leaves and
vascular tissues are present.

B. Name the three groups where reproductive organs are inconspicuous.

C. Monocots and dicots are two groups present in

a.Pteridophytes
b. Gymnosperms
c. Bryophytes
d. Angiosperms

D. To which group would a plant that produces flowers belongs?

a.Bryophyta
b. Thallophyta
c. Angiosperms
d. Gymnosperms

Page- 48- Class IX Biology

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2. Read the paragraph given below and answer the questions

These animals have a true vertebral column and internal skeleton, allowing a completely different
distribution of muscle attachment points to be used for movement. Vertebrates are bilaterally
symmetrical, triploblastic, coelomic and segmented, with complex differentiation of body tissues
and organs. They are divided into 5 classes

A. Identify the Phylum to which these animals belong.

B. List two features possessed by all chordates
C. The animals belonging to this class of vertebrates are cold-blooded, have dry scales and
breathe through lungs. Identify the class

a. Cyclostomata
b. Pisces
c. Amphibia
d. Reptilia

D. Aves are warm blooded animals with a _____ chambered heart

a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5

Page- 49- Class IX Biology

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Chapter: 13
WHY DO WE FALL ILL?

Learning Outcomes:

Different types of diseases and After completing the chapter

Students will be able to learn its effects. and attempting from
SS Q1 to Q8 assignment 13.1
a. What are Pathogens? After completing the
Students will be able to learn b. What disease is caused by chapter and attempting from
which pathogen? SS Q 9 onwards assignment 13.1

Students will be able to The correct option After completing the chapter
understand, reason and select and attempting from SS MCQ
assignment 13.2
Of the concepts. After completing the chapter
Students will be able to and attempting from SS
get the clarity Questions on Assertion and
Reason assignment 13.3

Students will be able to the correct option After attempting paragraph

understand, analyse and based questions assignment 13.3
select

Page- 50- Class IX Biology

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ASSIGNMENT: 13.1

Q1 a. What is a disease?
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
b. Give common methods of transmission of diseases?
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Q2. Differentiate between Infectious and Non-infectious diseases?
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Q3. What are Infectious agents? Give example.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Q4. Give the infectious agents and their names of the following diseases:

a. Kala- azar

b. Acne

c. Sleeping sickness

d. Peptic ulcer

Q5. What kind of disease will be called as chronic disease?

b. Chronic disease.

c. Poor hygiene conditions.

Q7. What are Ulcers?

________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

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Q 8. Give reasons for the following:

a. A single drug will not work against microbes belonging to different groups.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
b. Penicillin has different effect on bacteria and human cells?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
c. If someone is suffering from cold and cough in the class, it is likely that the children sitting
around will be exposed to the infection. But all of them do not actually suffer from the
same.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

d. Prevention is better than cure.

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

Q9. What are pathogens?

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

10. Give the common diseases caused by the following pathogens:

a. Virus.

b. Bacteria.

c. Protozoan.

d. Fungi

Q11. Write short note on AIDS?

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

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Q12. Mark the statements as true or false:

a) Unhygienic conditions breed germs.

b) People of all ages need to do the same amount of exercise.

c) Antibiotics cure viral infections.

d) A chronic disease lasts only for a short time.

e) AIDS and syphilis spread by droplet infection.

Page- 53- Class IX Biology

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Assignment No: 13.2

Multiple choice questions based on the Chapter

1. Which of the following is not a viral disease

a) Dengue b) AIDS c) Thyroid d) Influenza

2. Which of the following is not important for individual health

a) Living in clean space
b) Good economic condition
c) Social equality and harmony
d) Living in a large and well - furnished house

3. Which disease is not transmitted by mosquitoes?

a) Dengue b) malaria c) Brain fever or encephalitis d)pneumonia

4. Which of the following is not a communicable disease?

a) Dengue b) AIDS c) Thyroid d) Influenza

5. AIDS cannot be transmitted by

a) Sexual contact b) Hugs c) Breast feeding d) Blood transfusion

6. Which one of the following has a long term effect on the health of an individual?
a)Common cold b)Chicken pox c) chewing tobacco d)stress
7. Which one of the following causes kala-azar?
a) Ascaris b) Trypanosoma c) Leishmania d) Bacteria

8. Which one of the following disease is caused by protozoans?

a)Malaria b) Influenza c) AIDS d)Cholera

9. Which of the following is not a viral disease

a) Dengue b) AIDS c) Thyroid d) Influenza

10. Viruses which cause hepatitis are transmitted through

a) Air b) water c) food d) personal contact

Page- 54- Class IX Biology

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Assignment No: 13.3

Questions on Assertion and Reason

1. Assertion: Some diseases are non - communicable.

Reason: Diseases are communicable by means of air, water and food due to the pathogens.
Choose the correct option
a. Both Assertion and reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation
of Assertion.
b. Both Assertion and reason are true, but Reason is not the correct
explanation of Assertion.
c. Assertion is true, Reason is false.
d. Both Assertion and reason are false.

2. Assertion: Pathogens are disease causing organisms.

Reason: Pathogens get transferred from the infected person to the healthy person.
Choose the correct option
a. Both Assertion and reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation
of Assertion.
b. Both Assertion and reason are true, but Reason is not the correct
explanation of Assertion.
c. Assertion is true, Reason is false.
d. Both Assertion and reason are false.

3. Assertion: Ventilation of air in the crowded area is important to prevent the spread
of common cold and flu.
Reason: The concentration of infectious agents increases in the crowded places.
Choose the correct option
a. Both Assertion and reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation
of Assertion.
b. Both Assertion and reason are true, but Reason is not the correct
explanation of Assertion.
c. Assertion is true, Reason is false.
d. Both Assertion and reason are false.

4. Assertion: Vaccines helps in immunization.

Reason: Vaccines do not help in strengthening of immune system.
Choose the correct option
a. Both Assertion and reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation
of Assertion.
b. Both Assertion and reason are true, but Reason is not the correct
explanation of Assertion.
c. Assertion is true, Reason is false.
d. Both Assertion and reason are false.

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1. Read the passage given below and answer the questions

All viruses, for example, live inside host cells, whereas bacteria very rarely do. Viruses,
bacteria and fungi multiply very quickly, while worms multiply very slowly in
comparison. Taxonomically, all bacteria are closely related to each other than to viruses
and vice versa. This means that many important life processes are similar in the bacteria
group but are not shared with the virus group. As a result, drugs that block one of these
life processes in one member of the group is likely to be effective against many other
members of the group. But the same drug will not work against a microbe belonging to a
different group. Common examples of diseases caused by viruses are the common cold,
influenza, dengue fever and AIDS. Diseases like typhoid fever, cholera, tuberculosis and
anthrax are infections caused by different kinds of fungi.

A. Which group of microbes multiply quickly and which multiplies slowly?

B. Why is it difficult to design anti- viral medicines?

C. Drugs that check the growth of bacteria are called:

a. Antigens
b. Antibodies
c. Antibiotic
d. Antipyretic

D. Hepatitis A is a communicable disease , caused by a :

a. Virus
b. Protozoa
c. Worm
d. Bacteria

E. An example of a disease caused by a virus is:

a.Tuberculosis
b.Typhoid
c. Covid -19
d. Cholera

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ACTIVITY- BASED ON RESEARCH

Aim: Identify the diseases which had spread in your city/locality in the year 2020-21
due to mosquitoes/Virus.

Q1. List the name of the diseases and their cause.

Q2.What steps will you take to prevent them from spreading?

Q3.State the role of the government to support the citizens in making the city disease free.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

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Chapter 14

NATURAL RESOURCES

Mineral riches in the soil Biogeochemical Cycle

Learning Outcomes:

Students will be able to a. What is soil? After completing the chapter

understand. b. How soil is formed and its source. and attempting from SS Q1 to
c. Types of soil. Q5 assignment 14.1
d. Suitable soil for agriculture.
e. Minerals present in soil.
f. Soil pollution
g. Soil erosion and how to control it.

Students will be able to learn a. What is a biogeochemical cycle? After completing the
b. Their role in keeping a healthy chapter and attempting from SS
environment. Q6 to Q9 assignment 14.1
c. What are nitrogen fixing bacteria

Students will be able to a. What is greenhouse effect? After completing the chapter
b. Its harmful effects. and attempting from SS Q10
assignment 14.1
Students will be able to The correct option After completing the chapter
understand, reason and select and attempting from SS MCQ
assignment 14.2
Students will be able to get the Of the concepts. After completing the chapter
clarity and attempting from SS
Questions on Assertion and
Reason assignment 14.3

Students will be able to the correct option After attempting paragraph-

understand, analyse and select based questions assignment
14.3

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Assignment No. 14.1

Q1. What is soil? How is soil formed?

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
Q2. Life on earth will be affected if the top soil is removed. Justify.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

Q3. What are the causes of soil pollution?

Q4. Define soil erosion. How does soil erosion affect agriculture?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

Q5. Give three ways by which soil erosion can be controlled.

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Q6. What do you mean by Biogeochemical Cycle?

Q7. Draw water cycle. How does the removal of vegetation affect the water cycle?

Q8. Draw the Nitrogen cycle.

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Q9. What are Nitrogen-fixing bacteria? Give examples.

Q10. What is Green House Effect?

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

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Assignment No. 14.2

Multiple choice questions

1) Living organisms that help in the formation of the soil are

a)Lichens b) Big trees c) Both the above d) None of the above

2) Humus
a) makes the soil porous
b) allows water and air to penetrate deep underground
c) allows only water to enter the soil
d) both a and b

3) Mineral nutrients found in a soil depends on

a) its parent rock b) only top soil c) only sub soil d) none of the above

4) Nutrients used by the organisms during their life cycle are returned to the environment this
can be understood by
a) Biogeochemical cycles b) soil erosion c) Photosynthesis d) all of the above

5) Harmful UV rays of the sun are absorbed by

a) Carbon dioxide b) Ozone c) Oxygen d) helium

6) One of the important gases that is responsible for the greenhouse effect is
a) CO2 b) O2 c) N2 d) CO

7) Depletion of forests results in

a) less rainfall b) s o i l erosion c) loss of fertility d) all of the above

8) Air contains maximum percentage of

a) Nitrogen b) Oxygen c) Carbon dioxide d) Hydrogen

9) Rhizobium helps in
a) Biological Nitrogen Fixation b) Photosynthesis c) Rainfall
d) Both b and c

10) Biosphere includes

a) Hydrosphere b) Lithosphere c) Atmosphere d) All of the above

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Assignment No. 14.3

1. Read the passage and answer the questions that follow:

Nitrogen gas makes up 78% of our atmosphere and nitrogen is also a part of many molecules
essential to life like proteins, nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and some vitamins. Nitrogen is thus an
essential nutrient for all life-forms and life would be simple if all these life-forms could use the
atmospheric nitrogen directly. However, other than a few forms of bacteria, life-forms are not able
to convert the comparatively inert nitrogen molecule into forms like nitrates and nitrites which can
be taken up and used to make the required molecules. The ‘nitrogen-fixing’ bacteria may be free-
living or be associated with some species of dicot plants. Most commonly, the nitrogen-fixing
bacteria are found in the roots of legumes. Plants generally take up nitrates and nitrites and convert
them into amino acids which are used to make proteins. Some other biochemical pathways are used
to make the other complex compounds containing nitrogen.

A. Name two molecules essential to life which contain nitrogen.

B. List the form of nitrogen that can be used by living organisms.

C. Which of the following are NOT involved in nitrogen fixation

a. Free living bacteria

b. Lightning
c. Parasitic bacteria
d. Rhizobium

D. ASSERTION (A): Nitrogen makes up 78% of our atmosphere

REASON (R): It is present as NO2 in the atmosphere.

Choose the correct option

a. Both Assertion and reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
b. Both Assertion and reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
c. Assertion is true, Reason is false.
d. Both Assertion and reason are false.

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Questions on Assertion and Reason

1. Assertion: Green- house effect leads to global warming.

Reason: Green- house effect causes increase in the atmospheric temperature.

Choose the correct option

a. Both Assertion and reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of
Assertion.
b. Both Assertion and reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation
of Assertion.
c. Assertion is true, Reason is false.
d. Both Assertion and reason are false.

2. Assertion: Biogeochemical cycles are important for the nutrients to go back to the soil.

Reason: These cycles involves conversion of complex substances to simple form.

Choose the correct option

a. Both Assertion and reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of
Assertion.
b. Both Assertion and reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
c. Assertion is true, Reason is false.
d. Both Assertion and reason are false.

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Chapter 15

IMPROVEMENT IN FOOD RESOURCES

Learning Outcomes:

Students will be able What are the different types of After completing the chapter and
to learn crops. attempting from SS Q1 to Q4
assignment 15.1
Students will be able a. Steps that help in improving After completing the chapter
to learn crop yield. and attempting from SS Q5 to
b. Six factors by which crop Q7 assignment 15.1
variety improvement is
achieved

Students will be able a. What is manure and After completing the chapter
to learn fertilizer? Difference between and attempting from SS Q8 &
them. Q10 assignment 15.1
b. Different types of cropping
methods.

Students will be able a. What are weeds and how to After completing the chapter
to learn deal with them? and attempting from SS Q11 &
b. The factors responsible for Q12 assignment 15.1
spoilage of grain.

Students will be able a. What is animal husbandry? After completing the chapter
to learn b. How to rear animals for good and attempting from SS Q13 &
quality produce? Q18 assignment 15.1
c. To select the type of breed for
better produce.
d. What scientific steps to follow
to keep them healthy?

Students will be able Of the concepts. After completing the chapter

to get the clarity and attempting from SS
Questions on Assertion and
Reason assignment 15.3
Students will be able the correct option After attempting paragraph
to understand, based- questions assignment
analyse and select 15.3

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Assignment No. 15.1

Q1. Why is it essential to include cereals, pulses and oil in our food?

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

Q2. Give two examples each of: cereals, pulses and oil seeds.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

Q3. Name two crops that are used as food for the livestock.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
Q4. Describe Kharif and Rabi crops. Give example of each of them.

Q6. Name two methods for improving crop variety.

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

Q7. Scientists have worked on improvement in the seed quality. Name six such factors for which
variety improvement has been achieved.

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Q8. Differentiate between:

a) Fertilizers and Manures.

b) Mixed Cropping and Inter Cropping.

Q9. What is organic farming?

Q10. Mention the various ways by which irrigation is achieved in India.

Q11. What are weeds? Give example and explain why they are harmful?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

Q12. Write the factors responsible for the spoilage of grains. How can these be controlled?

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Q13. What is Animal Husbandry?

Q14. Give the advantage of cattle husbandry.

Q15. Name the cattle variety:

a) useful for long lactation period
b) resistance to diseases.

Q16. Give the food requirement of dairy animals.

Q17. Mention the cross breeding programs with respect to the Poultry farming.

_____________________________________________________________________________

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Q18.What is broiler chicken?

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Assignment No. 15.2

Multiple choice questions

1) Sustainable agriculture involves

a) Mixes Farming b) Crop rotation c) Both d) None

2) Pisciculture is
a) Bee Keeping b) Fish Production c) Pearl culture
d) Broiler Production

3) Broilers are
a) Ornamental fishes b) Used for meat c) Dairy products
d) Used for Bee keeping

4) Sahiwal is a
a) Cattle breed b) Poultry breed c) Dairy product
d) Fish

5) Weeds are
a) Herbs b) useful crops c) harmful d) both a and
c

6) Selection of crop for rotation depends on

a) Moisture conditions b) Rainy season c) Both d) none

7) Legume crop is sown before a cereal crop to

a) Have two crops in an year b) improve the crop variety
c) to maintain soil fertility d) None of the above

8) Apiaries are
a) place to keep apes b) place to keep bees
c) place to keep any living organism d) all of the above

9) Aseel is an indigenous Fowl

a) True b) False c) it is an exotic breed
d) it is a type of fish

10) Pomphret is a marine fish

a) False b) True
c) Pomphret is actually found in fresh and marine water both
d) None of the above

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Assignment No. 15.3

Questions on Assertion and Reason

1. Assertion: Fertilizers have important nutrients for the growth of the crops.
Reason: Fertilizers are very healthy for the soil.

Choose the correct option

a. Both Assertion and reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
b. Both Assertion and reason are true, but Reason is not the
correct explanation of Assertion.
c. Assertion is true, Reason is false.
d. Both Assertion and reason are false.

2. Assertion: Ploughing helps to create air spaces in the soil.

Reason:Ploughing helps in mixing the nutrients in the soil.

Choose the correct option

a. Both Assertion and reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
b. Both Assertion and reason are true, but Reason is not the
correct explanation of Assertion.
c. Assertion is true, Reason is false.
d. Both Assertion and reason are false.

3. Assertion: For irrigation sprinklers provides the right amount of water to the soil without
any wastage.
Reason: Drip irrigation helps in the conservation of water.

Choose the correct option

a. Both Assertion and reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
b. Both Assertion and reason are true, but Reason is not the
correct explanation of Assertion.
c. Assertion is true, Reason is false.
d. Both Assertion and reason are false.

4. Assertion: Animal husbandry is rearing of animals for their produce.

Reason: Animal husbandry involves proper hygiene and medical assistance.
Choose the correct option
a. Both Assertion and reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of
Assertion.
b. Both Assertion and reason are true, but Reason is
not the correct explanation of Assertion.
c. Assertion is true, Reason is false.
d. Both Assertion and reason are false.

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1. Word Search

Instructions: Solve the given puzzle with the help of clues provided and mark them at appropriate
places inside the box

CLUES:
1. Process of decomposition involving earthworm.(15)
2. Farming system with minimal or no use of chemicals. (14)
3. Indian variety of poultry. (5)
4. An example of weed. (10)
5. Water is drawn directly from rivers. (9)

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Paragraph based questions

1. Read the passage and answer the questions given below

Poultry farming is undertaken to raise domestic fowl for egg production and chicken meat.
Therefore, improved poultry breeds are developed and farmed to produce layers for eggs and
broilers for meat. The cross-breeding programmes between Indian (indigenous, for example,
Aseel) and foreign (exotic, for example, Leghorn) breeds for variety improvement are focused on
to develop new varieties for the following desirable traits—

(i) number and quality of chicks;

(ii) dwarf broiler parent for commercial chick production;
(iii) summer adaptation capacity/ tolerance to high temperature;
(iv) low maintenance requirements;
(v) reduction in the size of the egg-laying bird with ability to utilise more fibrous cheaper diets

Q1. Poultry farming is undertaken to raise following

(i) Egg production
(ii) Feather production
(iii) Chicken meat
(iv) Milk production

Choose the correct option:

(a) (i) and (iii)

(b) (i) and (ii)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) (iii) and (iv)

Q2. Poultry fowl are susceptible to the following pathogens

(a) Viruses
(b) Bacteria
(c) Fungi
(d) All of the above

Q3. Animal husbandry is the scientific management of

(i) animal breeding
(ii) culture of animals
(iii) animal livestock
(iv) rearing of animals

Choose the correct option:

(a) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(b) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(c) (i), (ii) and (iv)
(d) (i), (iii) and (iv)

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Q4.Which vitamins are added in the poultry feed.

(a)Vitamin A and Vitamin K
(b)Vitamin B and Vitamin D
(c)Vitamin A and Vitamin D
(d)Vitamin B and Vitamin K

Practice Questions

1. During a field-trip some students visited an agricultural farm and saw a few birds eating
earthworms. They enjoyed the scene and then they also started picking the earthworms for
pleasure. The farmer strongly objected and asked them to leave the field.

a. What could be the reason behind such a behavior of the farmer?

b. What was do you find missing in the student's behavior?
c. Which phylum do earthworm belong to?
d. Write two identifying features of earthworm.

2. Anshul is having a beautiful pet dog 'Ginger'. One day, he observed a small insect between
his toes. He removed it carefully from the toe and observed it curiously as chapter titled
'Diversity In Living Organisms' was being taught in the school.

a. Identify the phylum to which the insect belong to.

b. Enlist any two characteristic features of this phylum.
c. Comment on Anshul's behavior.

3. Radhey was suffering from respiratory disorder since long time. His daughter Sarita took him
to a doctor. After studying his case, the doctor came to know that he was suffering from
lung cancer.

a. What could be the possible reason for Radhey's respiratory disorder?

b. Which major pollutants are present in exhaust of vehicles?
c. Write the preventive measures that should be taken.

4. In a school assembly, the students were asked to wear full sleeves shirts, full pants and socks
pulled till knees, use mosquitoes repellants cream during daytime.

a. Name the disease, about which preventive instruction are given in the
assembly.
b. Name the vector of this disease.
c. Give two preventive environmental measures.

5. Ram Avatar is a farmer residing on the outskirts of Delhi. Upon a visit to a fertilizer shop, the
salesmen inquired of Ram Avatar of the crop he anticipated to cultivate in the coming season.
During the conversation, the crop concerned was conveyed. The salesman suggested that
urea and other nitrogenous fertilizer be used. Shreshth, quietly but keenly listening the
conversation intervened and told Ram Avatar that for the concerned crop nitrogenous

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fertilizers shall not be required. Respond to the following questions using the information
provided above:

a. What can be the concerned crop possibly?

b. What can be the reason for Shreshth's suggestion?

6. A priest of temple collected dried garlands, holy old books, and some statues. He asked his
son to throw in the river. But instead of throwing, he buried them in the soil.

a. In the situation above, who wins your support: the priest or the son? Justify your
answer by giving two reasons.
b. What are the values reflected in the behavior of son?

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TERM 2 REVISION SHEET

1 Name two diseases caused due to virus. 1

2 Name a mammal that lays eggs 1

3 Define the term triploblastic. Give one example. 1

4 What are Gymnosperms? Give an example 1

5 Describe briefly, how do antibiotics work? Does penicillin has any effect on our cells. 2

6 Explain any two characteristics used for hierarchical classification of animals. 2

7 What are Lichens? 2

8 Write a note on Cryptogams. 2

9 Define immune system. Give reason, in a class of 30 students only couple of them 2
suffer with cold.

10 Who gave Binomial Nomenclature? Give the three rules that are followed for
scientific naming of organisms? 3

11. Identify the Phylum from the following features: 3

i. Exoskeleton, jointed appendages, blood filled cavity.

ii. Moist skin, respiration by lungs/skin, three chambered heart.
iii. Spiny skinned with water vascular system

12. Explain the following terms: 5

i. Vector
ii. Communicable disease
iii. Pathogen
iv. Vaccination
v. Non- infectious disease

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PRACTICAL STUDY MATERIAL

INSTRUCTIONS FOR MAKING PRACTICAL FILE

 Index to be made on first page ( Refer to format given below)

 Written work to be done on ruled sheets with a pen
 Titles to be written in black ink and rest in blue ink only
 All diagrams corresponding to written work to be drawn and labelled on blank pages
with pencil only
 Each experiment to begin on a fresh page
 Practical File to be covered with brown paper
 Name. Class and Section of the student to be mentioned outside the practical file

FORMAT FOR INDEX

Experiment No. Name of Experiment Date Teachers Remarks

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TERM 1
PRACTICAL PORTION

EXPERIMENT No 1

LABEL THE PARTS OF THE MICROSCOPE FROM THE LIST GIVEN BELOW

Choose the correct labelling from the following words

1. Arm
2. Base
3. Body tube
4. Diaphragm
5. Eyepiece
6. Course focus adjustment
7. High power objective lens
8. Low power objective lens
9. Source of light
10. Revolving nosepiece
11. Stage
12. Stage clip

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. To calculate total magnification one should ___________ the magnification of eye piece and
objective lens.
a. Multiply
b. Divide
c. Add
d. Subtract
2. Slide is placed on the cover slip
a. True
b. False
3. What are the function of the parts A and B

A A-Adjust the coarse focus B- Provide illumination

B A- To magnify the object Provide illumination
C A- To adjust the fine focus To hold the slide on the stage
D A- To magnify the object To hold the slide on the stage

4. Calculate the total magnification, if the objective lens is 10 X and the eyepiece is 4 X
a. 2.5 X
b. 40 X
c. 14X
d. 4X
5. Part of the microscope that holds the objective lens is:
a. Stage
b. Diaphragm
c. Revolving Nosepiece
d. Body tube

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EXPERIMENT No 2

A. AIM: To prepare a temporary slide of onion peel and observe the parts under the
microscope.

Materials Required
Onion, slides, cover slips, forceps, needles, dropper, glycerin, blotting paper,
safranin solution and a microscope.

Procedure

Take a medium sized onion, remove outer scale leaf and cut it into pieces
Take a fleshy leaf and take out a thin peel from concave side
Take a clean dry slide and place the peel in the centre of the slide
Add a drop of water to prevent drying of cells
Add 2 drops of SAFRANIN STAIN and keep it for 1 minute.
Remove extra stain with blotting paper.
Add a drop of glycerine to prevent drying up of cells
Take a dry and clean coverslip and gently place it on the slide with the help of needle
such that there are no air bubbles.
Observe the slide under low power and then high power of microscope

Observations
The cells under observation are the plant cells. It consists of cell wall and large vacuoles. The
nucleus is very prominent and is clearly visible.

Inference

Plant cell shows the following:

1. It consists of cell wall.

2. The nucleus is prominent and present at the periphery of cytoplasm.
3. Large vacuoles are seen at the centre of the cell.
4. A lightly stained cytoplasm is present in the cell.

Precautions

1. Use dilute stain for staining.

2. Avoid the formation of air-bubbles while placing the coverslip on the slide.
3. Take very thin peel of onion to get a single layer of cells, no overlapping of cells should be
seen.
4. Use dry and clean slide, wipe out extra stain or water present on the sides of the slide.

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ONION PEEL CELLS UNDER MICROSCOPE

B. AIM: To prepare a temporary slide of cheek cells and observe the parts under the
microscope.

Materials Required
Slide, coverslip, methylene blue stain, blotting paper, toothpick, needle, dropper, brush,
microscope and glycerin.

Procedure

1. Make a dilute methylene blue solution in a watch glass.

2. Keep a clean slide with a drop of distilled water at the middle of the slide.
3. Take a clean/unused toothpick and scrap the inner wall of your mouth/cheek gently to
obtain the epithelial animal tissue, (use the blunt side of toothpick)
4. Transfer the scrap on the middle of the glass slide and put a drop of methylene blue
solution on it, to stain the cells.
5. After 1-2 minutes place the coverslip gently on the cheek cell with the help of needle and
avoid the air bubble. (A drop of glycerin can be spread on the cheek cells, it is optional)
6. With the help of blotting paper remove the extra stain/water present on the slide.
7. Place the slide under microscope and observe it

Observations

1. Cells with irregular shapes are seen.

2. A prominent nucleus is seen in the middle of the cell.
3. A thin membrane called plasma-membrane is visible at the boundary of each cell.
4. The cells do not show any intercellular space.
5. No big vacuoles and cell wall is seen.

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Inference

The cells observed under the microscope do not have cell wall and big vacuoles, these are
the cells of animal.

Precautions

1. Use unused/new toothpick for scraping of cheek cells.

2. Placing of coverslip should be done carefully to avoid air bubbles.
3. Avoid overstaining.
4. Use clean/dry mounted slide while placing it under the lens of the microscope.
5. Avoid overlapping of the cells.

CHEEK CELLS
UNDER MICROSCOPE

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EXPERIMENT No 3

PLANT TISSUES

AIM: To observe the given permanent slides under the microscope and identify parenchyma,
collenchyma and sclerenchyma tissues in plants.

Materials Required

Permanent slides of parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma tissues, and compound microscope.

Procedure

1. Place the compound microscope where proper light can be received and
reflected on the slide.
2. Place the permanent slides one by one. Observe its structure and draw diagrams.
Precautions

1. Handle the microscope carefully.

2. Handle the permanent slides carefully.
3. Always focus the slide first at low power and then at high power.

OBSERVATIONS

I. PARENCHYMA TISSUE

Features

1. All cells are same in size and length.

2. Corners of the cells show intercellular spaces.
3. Each cell shows prominent nucleus and a large central vacuole.
4. Each cell has thin cell walls.
5. Intercellular spaces are present in between the cells

Inference

1. These are plant cells as large vacuole is seen and cell wall is present.
2. These are all living cells.
3. These cells are present all over the plant body i.e. — stems, leaves, roots, flowers and fruits

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A. Transverse section B. Longitudinal section

Parenchyma Tissue

II. COLLENCHYMA TISSUE

Features

1. The cells of collenchyma may be oval or elongated.

2. Each cell consists of central nucleus with cytoplasm at the periphery.
3. Cell walls are thickened at the comers. The thickening is due to cellulose and pectin.
4. Intercellular space is absent.
5. These cells are commonly seen below the epidermis in petiole, leaves and stems.
6. Its main function is to provide mechanical strength

Inference

1. These cells have thick comers.

2. There is no space between the cells.
3. The nucleus is prominent at the periphery with cytoplasm.
4. The centre of the cells consist of vacuole.

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A. Transverse section B. Longitudinal section

Collenchyma Tissue

III.SCLERENCHYMA TISSUE

Features

1. These cells show thick comers and thick cell walls.

2. They do not have any protoplasm in it.
3. They show lignified walls.
4. They can be divided into two types: sclerenchyma fibres and sclereids.
5. These cells are dead

Inference
1. The sclerenchyma are dead cells with hard cell wall.
2. Provides mechanical support to plant. For eg coconut husk, hard shells of fruits

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A. Longitudinal section B. Transverse section

SCLERENCHYMA TISSUE

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EXPERIMENT No 4

ANIMAL TISSUES

AIM: To observe the given permanent slides and identify striated muscle , unstriated muscle ,
cardiac muscle and nerve tissues in animals .

Materials Required

Permanent slides of striated muscle, smooth, cardiac muscle, nervous tissue and compound
microscope.

Procedure

1. Place the compound microscope where proper light can be received and reflected on the
slide.
2. Place the permanent slides one by one. Observe its structure and draw diagrams.

Precautions

1. Handle the microscope carefully.

2. Handle the permanent slides carefully.
3. Always focus the slide first at low power and then at high power.

OBSERVATIONS

Striated muscles/ Skeletal muscles:

1. These muscles show long cylindrical fibres.

2. The cells are multinucleated.
3. The muscles show alternate dark and light bands.
4. The cells are surrounded and held by connective tissue.
5. The cells are surrounded by a membrane called as sarcolemma.

Inference

1. The slide shows cylindrical fibres, with dark and light bands
2. These are voluntary muscles and work according to our will.

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Non-striated muscles or Smooth muscles:

1. The cells are spindle-shaped.

2. Nucleus is centrally located.
3. These muscles do not show dark and light bands striations.
4. Non-striated muscles are involuntary in nature.
5. They are found in blood vessels and in alimentary canal

Inference

1. The cells of non-striated muscles are tapering at both the ends i.e., spindle- shaped.
2. The nucleus is prominent and is centrally located.
3. The dark and light bands are not seen.

Cardiac muscles:

1. Cardiac muscle cells are long, branched and uninucleate.

2. They show alternate light and dark bands.
3. These are involuntary muscles.
4. They are seen only in the walls of heart.
5. They are non-tiring muscles and responsible for rhythmic contraction and relaxation of
heart muscles throughout life

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Inference

1. These cells are branched and each cell consist of single nucleus.
2. The striations are seen.

Nerve cell:

1. The nerve cells has a neuron with a large body called cyton.
2. The cyton has a prominent nucleus.
3. It has projections called dendrites.
4. One of the dendrite which is long called axon.
5. The nerve endings are attached to muscles.
Inference

Each nerve cell consists of prominent nucleus and granular cytoplasm with projections called
dendrites

NERVE CELL

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TERM 2 PRACTICAL WORK

EXPERIMENT NO: 1 PLANT KINGDOM

Aim: To study the characteristic of Spirogyra, Agaricus, Moss-Fern, Pinus and

Agaricus. Draw and give identifying features of groups they belong to.

1. Spirogyra ( Division : Thallophyta)

Features

1. Plant body is thallus

2. Commonly called algae
3. Are all aquatic plants
4. These algae make their own food by photosynthesis.
eg. Spirogyra.

2. Moss - Funaria ( Division: Bryophyta)

Funaria

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Features

1. Amphibian plants
2. Plant body is commonly differentiated into stem and leaf like structures.
3. No specialised vascular tissue for conduction of water and other substances.
eg. Moss, Funaria.

3. Fern (Division: Pteridophytra)

Fern

Features

1. Land plants with vascular tissues.

2. Plants body is differentiated into roots, stem and leaves.
3. These plants do not produce seeds.
4. Reproduce by spore, these are hidden hence called cryptogamae.
eg Marsilea, Fern

4. Pinus (Division – Gymnosperm)

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Features

1. These plants bear naked seeds.

2. Plants are evergreen, woody.
3. The flowers are unisexual cones on same plant.

5. Agaricus :(Kingdom : Fungi)

Agaricus
Features

1. Agaricus is commonly called mushroom, it is non-green.

2. It has a stalk and cap like structure with spores in it.
3. The spores germinate to form mycelium.
4. The cap on its lower sides has gills which bear spores.

Identifying Features

1. The body is not divided into root, stem and leaves.

2. No chlorophyll present, nutrition is saprophytic.

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EXPERIMENT : 2
ANIMAL SPECIMEN

AIM : To observe and draw the given specimens—earthworm, cockroach, bony fish
and bird. Write the features.

1. Earthworm (Phylum: Annelida)

Features of Phylum (Specific):

1. Body is segmented, segments are called metameres.

2. Skin is moist.
3. Chitinous setae, body wall muscles helps in locomotion.
4. After 13th segment clitellum (having reproductive parts) seen in earthworm (14-16
segment)

Adaptive Features

1. Earthworm lives in soil by making burrows in it. The cylindrical body helps in pushing the
body into the soil.
2. It feeds on soil and convert it into fertile soil hence called farmer’s friend.
3. Skin is always kept moist with the help of mucus glands, so soil does not stick to the body
and helps the worm to breathe through the skin.
4. It is hermaphrodite, both male and female genital pores are seen.
5. The segments on the body are called setae.
6. The brown colors help it to camouflage with soil and protect from enemies.

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2. Cockroach( Phylum: Arthropoda, Class: Insecta)

Features of Phylum (Specific):

1. It possesses jointed legs.

2. The exoskeleton is made up of chitin.
3. They have compound eyes with mosaic vision.
4. The body is bilaterally symmetrical.
5. It is divided into three parts; head, thorax and abdomen.

Adaptive Features

1. The body is covered with thick cuticle and gives protection against enemies.
2. For locomotion, each body segment bears a pair of joint appendages (legs).
3. The holes (spiracles) present on the ventral side of thorax and abdomen helps in
respiration.
4. It has movable antennae for sensing odour.
5. The head has compound eyes for vision.

3. Fish (Phylum: Vertebrata, Class: Pisces)

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Features of Phylum

1. It possesses a vertebral column.

2. Mouth is terminal, body is spindle shaped, strong vertebral column.
3. It has bony endoskeleton.
4. Gills covered by an operculum for respiration.
5. Air-bladder present which helps in giving buoyancy and float/swim in water.
6. Dorsal and pelvic fins help in balancing and movement in water and change directions.

Adaptive Features

1. The body is streamlined which helps in swimming.

2. Fins are present (dorsal, pelvic, pectoral, and tail fins) for locomotion, balancing, and
changing directions.
3. Body is covered with scales to protect against water decay.
4. Gills covered by operculum for respiration.

4. Bird (Phylum: Vertebrata, Class: Aves)

Features of Phylum and Class Aves

1. Birds have vertebral column.

2. Air cavities present in bones to make them light and give buoyancy
3. Body is steamlined, provides minimum resistance to air and helps in flying.
4. Fore-limbs modified into wings and mouth into beak.
5. The body is covered with feathers, provides insulation and keeps body warm.
6. Breathing through nostrils

Adaptive Features

1. Streamline body helps in flying.

2. Long and hollow bones provides buoyancy.
3. Feathers provide insulation, maintain body temperature for warm-blooded birds.
4. Wings help in flying

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EXPERIMENT :3

AIM : To study the external features of root, stem, leaf and flower of monocot and dicot plants

Materials Required: A monocot and Dicot plant

Monocot and Dicot Plant

Roots in Monocot and Dicot Plant

Leaves of Monocot and Dicot Plant

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Seeds of Monocot and Dicot Plant

Monocot Flower Dicot Flower

Difference between Monocot and Dicot Plants

Character Monocot Dicot Plant

Root Primary root is absent. Primary root with lateral branches is

Adventitious root system present.
Usually remain close to the soil Tap root system.
surface. Usually grow deep soil.

Leaf Long and narrow shape Short and broad

Generally parallel venation Generally reticulate
Dorsal and ventral surfaces
identical (Isobilateral)

Stem Internodes are usually hollow. Internodes are solid.

Generally secondary growth Generally secondary growth is present.
(in thickness) is absent.

Page- 97- Class IX Biology

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Flower Floral parts are multiple of three Floral parts are multiple of five
(Trimerous) (Pentamerous) and multiples of four
Sepals and petals are present (Tetramerous)
Sepals and petals are present

Seed One cotyledon is present called Two cotyledons are present.

scutellum.
Generally endospermic seed  Generally endospermic seed

Examples Maize, Grass, Wheat, lily, Onion, Pea, Gram, Rajmah (Beans),
Coconut and Banana Mustard, Tamarind, Mint,
China
rose (Hibiscus) and Mango

Page- 98- Class IX Biology

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SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER

Academic Session: 2020-21
Annual Examination
Subject: Science
Class -IX

Time: 3 Hours Max marks: 80

General Instructions:

● The reading time is from 7:45 am to 8:00 am.

● The writing time is from 8:00 am to 11:00 am.
● By 11:20 am, the PDF file of the answer sheets needs to be created, attached, and
submitted. Once submitted, it cannot be resubmitted.
● Children who avail extra time, may submit the answer sheets by 12:20 pm.
● The Answer sheets need to be scanned and uploaded as a single pdf file in portrait
mode. Make sure that you turn in the work in the time frame assigned.
● No image to be uploaded.
● The question paper comprises three sections A, B, and C. There are 36 questions in the
question paper. All questions are compulsory.
● There is no overall choice. However, internal choices have been provided in some
questions. A student must attempt only one of the alternatives in such questions.
● Wherever necessary, neat, and properly labeled diagrams should be drawn.
● This paper has 11 printed sides.

Section A PHYSICS MM
-27
Q1. A man jumping out of a moving train falls with his head forward. Why? 1

Q2. Name and define the physical quantity whose unit is kg.m/s2 1

Q3. Which is having a higher value of momentum - A bullet of mass 10 gram moving with 1
a velocity of 400 m/s or a cricket ball of mass 400 gram moving with a velocity of 90
km/h?

Q4. A bird hits the windscreen of a fast moving car and falls on the bonnet. Which of the two, 1
car or bird suffers greater change in momentum? Why?
Q5. Gravitational force between two small spheres is F. What will be the new force, if masses 1
of the two spheres as well as the distance between them is doubled?

Q6. Why are bone china crockeries wrapped in thermocol/bubble sheets during 1
transportation?

Page- 99- Class IX Biology

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Q7. A ball thrown up vertically returns to the thrower after 6s. Find the velocity with which it 1
was thrown up.

Q8. Answer any 4 subparts 1X4

=4
Observe the speed - time graph of an object moving along a straight line and answer the
questions given below.

8. (i) The accelerations during first 10 seconds is

a) 0 m/s2
b) 1 m/s2
c) 1.5 m/s2
d) 2 m/s2

8. (ii) The time interval during which the object moves with uniform speed

a) 0-10 seconds
b) 10-20 seconds
c) 20-30 seconds
d) 30 - 40 seconds

8. (iii) The retardation is

a) 1.0 m/s²
b) 1.25 m/s²
c) 1.5 m/s²
d) 1.75 m/s²

8. (iv) The distance covered during the time interval 20-30 seconds is
a) 100 m
b) 200 m
c) 300 m
d) 400 m

8. (v) The maximum acceleration is during

Page- 100- Class IX Biology

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a) 0-10 seconds
b) 10-20 seconds
c) 20 -30 seconds
d) 30 - 40 seconds

Q9. Answer any 4 subparts 1X4

=4
The word energy is often used in our daily life but in science we give it a definite and precise
meaning. Energy possessed by a body by the virtue of its motion is called kinetic energy
and the energy possessed by the body by the virtue of its position or configuration is called
potential energy. The law of conservation of energy states that energy can neither be created
nor destroyed. It can only be transformed from one form to another.

9. (i) The SI unit of energy is _________.

a) Newton b) Joule
c) Pascal d) Metre

9. (ii) What will be the change in the kinetic energy of a body if its velocity is tripled?

a) Kinetic energy becomes three times

b) Kinetic energy becomes one third
c) Kinetic energy becomes nine times
d) Kinetic energy becomes 1/9 th.

9. (iii) A gun fires a bullet with a muzzle speed v. The kinetic energy, E, of the bullet is
given by

a) E = mv2 b) E = 2mv
c) E = v2/2m d) E = ½ mv 2

9. (iv) A body of mass 4kg is dropped from a height of 10m. Its kinetic energy just before
it touches the ground is
a) zero b) 400J
c) 40J d) 0.4J

9. (v) A light and a heavy body possess equal kinetic energy. Which of the following
statements is true?

a) Both bodies will have the same velocity.

b) Both will also have the same momentum.
c) The heavier body will have more velocity than the lighter one.
d)The lighter body will have more velocity than the heavier one

Page- 101- Class IX Biology

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Q10. Observe the data given below for a body of mass 100kg that starts from rest and answer 2
the following questions.

Time (s) Distance (m)

0 0
1 1
2 4
3 9
4 16
5 25
6 36

i. Find the acceleration of the body?

ii. Is the force acting on the body balanced or unbalanced? Give reason.

Q11 a) A particle moves over three quarters of a circle of radius r. What is the magnitude 2
of its displacement?

b) Is uniform circular motion an accelerated motion? If yes how? If no, why?

Q12 (a) State Newton's second law of motion and derive its mathematical relationship. 3

(b) A bullet of mass 10 gram is fired with a rifle. The bullet takes 0.004 seconds to
move through the barrel and leaves it with a velocity of 400 metre per second.
Calculate the force exerted on the bullet by the rifle.

Q13 (a) State Universal law of gravitation and derive the expression for ‘G’ in terms of ‘F’ 5

(b) Why does the weight of an object become very less on the moon as compared to
Earth? By what factor does it decrease on the moon?

(c) The ratio of gravitational force on Neptune to the gravitational force of the Earth is
9 : 8. Aarav weighs 792 N on earth. What will be his mass and weight on Neptune?

OR
(a) Define power and derive its expression in terms of force and velocity

(b) How is kilowatt different from kilowatt hour.

(c) A bulb consumes 500J of electrical energy in 20 seconds. Find the cost of electrical
energy consumption for the month of March if the bulb is used for 4 hours
everyday and the cost of electrical energy is Rs 10 per unit.

Page- 102- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

Section B CHEMISTRY MM
-27
Q14 Clouds, mist and fog are colloidal solutions of a: 1

a.liquid in a gas

b. gas in a solid

c. solid in a gas

d.gas in a liquid

Q15 The ion of an element has 2 negative charges. Mass number of the atom is 32 and the 1
number of neutrons is 16. What is the number of electrons in the ion?

(a) 16

(b) 32

(d) 14

Q16 Which of the following statement is correct? 1

a) An atom has equal number of electrons and neutrons.
b) An atom has equal number of electrons and protons.
c) An atom has equal number of neutrons and protons.
d) An atom has equal number of electrons, protons and neutrons.

Q17 Assertion: An atom of Argon is stable. 1

Reason: In argon, all the shells are completely filled.
(a) Both the A and R are correct and the R is the correct explanation
of the assertion
(b) Both A and the R are correct but the R is not the correct
explanation of the assertion
(c) A is true but the R is false
(d) A is false but the R is true.

Q18 Give one point of difference between a pure substance and a mixture. 1

Q19 Read the following and answer any four parts. 1x4

A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. In a solution, solute is a

substance dissolved in another substance, known as a solvent. You come across various
types of solutions in your daily life. Lemonade, soda water etc. are all examples of

Page- 103- Class IX Biology

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solutions. Usually we think of a solution as a liquid that contains either a solid, liquid or a
gas dissolved in it. But, we can also have solid solutions (alloys) and gaseous solutions
(air). In a solution there is homogeneity at the particle level. For example, lemonade tastes
the same throughout. This shows that particles of sugar or salt are evenly distributed in
the solution. The components of a colloidal solution are the dispersed phase and the
dispersion medium. The solute-like component or the dispersed particles in a colloid form
the dispersed phase, and the component in which the dispersed phase is suspended is
known as the dispersing medium.A suspension is a mixture in which the solute particles
do not dissolve but remain suspended throughout the bulk of the medium. Particles of a
suspension are visible to the naked eye.

a) Give two examples of Colloid.

b) What are the components of a solution.
c) Why are alloys considered to be solutions.
d) What is the dispersion medium and dispersed phase in emulsion? Give an example of
an emulsion from your daily life?
e) Why are True solutions considered to be stable?

Q20 Sulphuric acid has molecular formula H₂SO₄ ( S-32u,H -1u.O-16u) 2

i) Calculate the molecular mass of H₂SO₄ .

ii) Calculate the number of moles present in 14g of sulphuric acid.

OR
Calculate the number of atoms present in 14g of sulphuric acid.

Q21 Write the steps showing the chemical formula for the following compounds. 2

(a) Ammonium nitrite

(b)Aluminium sulphate
Q22 (i) Two elements X and Y combine to form XY in the ratio of 1:35.5 by mass, 3
The mass of Y that combines with 2g of X will be
(a)7.1g
(b)3.55g
(c)71g
(d)35.5g

(ii) One mole of nitrogen gas is equal to( N- 14u)

(a)28g
(b)14g
(c)42g
(d)7g

(iii)The balancing of chemical equations is based on

(a) law of constant proportion
(b) law of conservation of mass
(c) law of multiple proportions
(d) all of these

Page- 104- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

Q23 The atomic number of Al is 13 and that of Cl is 17. How many electrons, protons and 3
neutrons are present in Al⁺³ and Cl⁻ ions?
( Al - 27 u & Cl- 35u)

Q24 (a)Define law of definite proportion. 3

(b)A thin strip of iron with a mass of 7g is placed into a solution containing 21.0g of
copper (II) sulfate and copper begins to form. After some time, the reaction stops because
all the copper (II) sulfate has reacted. The mass of copper formed is found to be 8.60g.
What mass of iron (II) sulfate has been formed in the reaction?

Q25 a) Give any two examples of isotopes used in medicine. 5

b) Why do isotopes have similar chemical properties?
c) If an element ‘X’ exists as two isotopes ₃₅X⁷⁹ (49.7% ) and ₃₅X⁸¹ (50.35
%)Calculate the average atomic mass of the element ‘X’?
(d) Define isobars. Give an example.

Section C BIOLOGY MM
- 26

Q26 How is nucleoid different from nucleus? 1

Q27 If you live in an overcrowded and poorly ventilated house, then you may suffer from 1
which of the following diseases?

i. Cholera
ii. Typhoid
iii. COVID-19
iv. Chicken Pox

Choose the correct option among the following:

(a) (i) and (iii)

(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) only(iii)
(d) only (iv)
Q28 Assertion (A): Chromosomes are responsible for the transfer of characteristics from 1
parents to offspring.

Reason (R): Chromosomes are present in the nucleus.

a) Both the Assertion and the Reason are correct, and the Reason is the correct
explanation of the Assertion.

b) The Assertion and the Reason are correct, but the Reason is not the correct
explanation of the Assertion.

Page- 105- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.

d) The statement of the Assertion is false but the Reason is true.

Q29 Assertion (A) : The inner lining of the intestine has tall epithelial cells. 1

Reason (R): Columnar epithelium facilitates absorption.

and secretion

a) Both the Assertion and the Reason are correct, and the Reason is the correct
explanation of the Assertion.

b) The Assertion and the Reason are correct, but the Reason is not the correct
explanation of the Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.

d) The statement of the Assertion is false, but the Reason is true.

Q30 Read the passage given below and attempt any 4 out of question 30A-E 1x4

The cell membrane is the outermost covering of the cell that separates the contents of the
cell from its external environment. It is made up of protein and lipid. It allows or permits
the entry and exit of some materials in and out of the cell. Some substances like carbon
dioxide or oxygen can move across the cell membrane by a process called diffusion.
Osmosis is a special type of diffusion through a selectively permeable membrane.
Membrane bound structures called organelles are also found in the cytoplasm. Some
organelles like mitochondria and chloroplast are bounded by two membranes. Ribosomes
synthesize proteins.

30 A) The cell membrane is made up of substances prepared by :

a. RER and Nucleus

b. SER and Plastids

c. RER and SER

d. Cellulose and SER

30 B) Which of these options are not a function of Ribosomes?

i) It helps in manufacture of protein molecules

ii) It helps in manufacture of enzymes

Page- 106- Class IX Biology

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iii) It helps in manufacture of Lipid

iv) It helps in manufacture of starch molecules

a) (i) and (ii)

b) (ii) and (iii)

c) (iii) and (iv)
d) (i) and (iv)

30 C) What would happen when a plant cell is placed in plain water for 10 minutes?

a). It will swell.

b) It will shrink

c) It gets plasmolysed

d) It remains the same

30 D) Which of these have a cell wall?

a. Bacteria

b. Amoeba

c. Cheek cells

d. Viruses

30 E) Assertion (A): De-shelled eggs swell up in hypotonic solution.

Reason (R): An egg is rich in protein.

a. Both the Assertion and the Reason are correct, and the Reason is the correct
explanation of the Assertion.
b. The Assertion and the Reason are correct, but the Reason is not the correct
explanation of the Assertion.
c. Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
d. The statement of the Assertion is false, but the Reason is true.

Q31 BCG vaccine is given to a baby at the time of birth to prevent tuberculosis. 2

a) Is this a general or specific method of prevention of disease?

b) Explain how the vaccine helps to prevent infection.

Page- 107- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

Q32 a) Name the target organs of the following diseases. 2(1+

1)
i) Japanese encephalitis

ii) Jaundice

b) Give two local effects of immune response to infectious disease.

Q33 a) Scientists find it difficult to make anti- viral medicines as compared to anti- 3(2+
bacterial medicines. Explain. 1)

b) List two means of spread of AIDS virus.

Q34 Give reasons for the following: 3

a) Skin is made up of stratified squamous epithelium.

b) Muscles can contract and relax to bring about movements.

c) Cells of sclerenchymatous tissue are thick walled.

Q35 Answer the following questions: 3

a) Elephantiasis, common in some parts of India is classified as a chronic disease.

Justify

b) Why is penicillin used for treatment of acne? Explain.

c) A baby is suffering from loose motions. Identify the immediate and contributory
cause of the infection.

Q36 a) Draw a neat diagram of parenchyma tissue as seen in the longitudinal section and (2+2
label any two parts. +1)

b) Identify the following:

i) Tissue present in the veins of leaves.

ii) Tissue that increases the girth of the stem or root.

iii) Thick waxy coating present on the epidermis of desert plants.

Page- 108- Class IX Biology

SmartSkills Sanskriti School

iv) The living tissue that provides mechanical support in plants.

c) Why do branches of a plant not grow in length if they are cut from the tip?

a) Draw a neat diagram of a cardiac muscle fibre and label any two parts.

b) Identify the type of tissue:

i) Tissue found in the inner lining of oesophagus.

ii) Which helps in receiving and transmitting the stimulus from brain to spinal
cord.

iii) Flexible connective tissue present in the nose.

iv) Fills the space inside the organs and supports internal organs.

c) Why is a special type of epithelial tissue present in the respiratory tract?

Page- 109- Class IX Biology

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