CHAPTER 1
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Art. 1156. An obligation is a juridical necessity to give, to do or not to do.
Art. 1157. Obligations arise from:
(1) Law;
(2) Contracts;
(3) Quasi-contracts;
(4) Acts or omissions punished by law; and
(5) Quasi-delicts. (1089a)
Art. 1158. Obligations derived from law are not presumed. Only those expressly determined in
this Code or in special laws are demandable, and shall be regulated by the precepts of the law
which establishes them; and as to what has not been foreseen, by the provisions of this Book.
(1090)
Art. 1159. Obligations arising from contracts have the force of law between the contracting
parties and should be complied with in good faith.
SECTION 3
Other Quasi-Contracts
Article 2164. When, without the knowledge of the person obliged to give support, it is given by
a stranger, the latter shall have a right to claim the same from the former, unless it appears that he
gave it out of piety and without intention of being repaid.
Article 2167. When through an accident or other cause a person is injured or becomes seriously
ill, and he is treated or helped while he is not in a condition to give consent to a contract, he shall
be liable to pay for the services of the physician or other person aiding him, unless the service
has been rendered out of pure generosity.
Article 2168. When during a fire, flood, storm, or other calamity, property is saved from
destruction by another person without the knowledge of the owner, the latter is bound to pay the
former just compensation.
Article 2169. When the government, upon the failure of any person to comply with health or
safety regulations concerning property, undertakes to do the necessary work, even over his
objection, he shall be liable to pay the expenses.