Nutrition in animals
1. Recall
True or false
Refer pg. 22
2. Recall
Pg 26
D very short type answers:
1. Which is the largest part of alimentary canal?
Small intestine
2. Give two examples of ruminants.
Cow and buffalo
3. List the five steps of nutrition.
o Ingestion
o Digestion
o Absorption
o Assimilation
o Egestion
4. Which mouth part does help in sucking of liquid food in
butterflies?
Proboscis
5. Name two animals having sticky tongue.
Lizard and frog
6.Which food processing structure is present in Hydra?
Tentacle
6. In which animal does intracellular digestion take place?
Amoeba
7. What are the four types of teeth present in human?
o Incisors
o Canines
o Premolars
o Molars
8. Which enzyme is secreted by salivary glands?
Amylase
9. Where does fat get completely digested in our digestive
system?
Small intestine
E short type answers:
2. What is bile? How does it help in digestion?
Liver secretes bile which get stored in a sac like
structure called gall bladder.
Bile helps to digest fat and breakdown it into fatty acid
and glycerol.
This process is called emulsification of fats.
5. What are villi? Where are they located?
The inner wall of small intestine has millions of fingers
like projections called villi.
These villi increase the surface area so that maximum
absorption food takes place.
This absorbed digested food reaches to blood.
6. How does saliva help in digestion?
Salivary glands secrete a digestive juice called
saliva.
Saliva contains an enzyme called salivary amylase
or ptyalin that break down starch into sugar.
7. What would happen if we do not have a tongue?
Tongue is helpful in mixing saliva with food.
It is also helpful in detecting the taste and
swallowing of food.
If we do not have a tongue, food cannot be
digested properly and we cannot sense the taste of
food.
F. Long answer:
1. Why should we brush after eating sugar
products?
We should brush after eating sugar products
because brushing removes sugar particles
sticked to our teeth.
If we do not brush, bacteria can easily grow, in
that hidden food particles, and produce acid,
which decays our teeth. Grow bacteria –
produce acid – decays teeth
3. What type of carbohydrate is digested by
ruminants but not by humans? Give reason also.
Cellulose is digested by ruminants and not
by humans.
Digestion of cellulose requires a special type
of digestive system in which stomach is
divided into four chambers – rumen,
reticulum, omasum, and abomasum.
This kind of digestive system is present in
ruminants and not in the humans.
Also, the enzyme cellulase which helps in
the digestion of cellulose is found in
ruminants and not in humans.
4. Define the following and explain the process
involved in digestion
The process of obtaining food, its digestion,
absorption, and
utilisation in the body is called nutrition. There
are various steps of nutrition such as:
(I) Ingestion – The process of taking in of the
food inside the body is called ingestion. In human
ingestion takes place through mouth.
(ii) Digestion – The break down of the various
complex nutrients - present in the ingested food -
into simpler and soluble substances is called
digestion.
(iii) Absorption – Absorption is the process of
absorbing the digested food by the body to reach
in the blood.
(iv) Assimilation – It is the utilisation of absorbed
food materials for the process of growth,
reproduction, or repair by living organisms is
called Assimilation
(iii) Egestion – Removal of undigested food and
solid waste material from the body is called
egestion.
K problem solving
Susmitha was talking and laughing while eating
food. She started coughing suddenly. What can
be the reason of her coughing? What is your
advice to Sushmita?
Talking and laughing while eating can cause
sudden cough because
it can lead the food or drink accidently entering
trachea instead of the oesophagus.
This is because the epiglottis, a flap of tissue
located at the base of the tongue is temporarily
unable to cover the trachea during these
activities,
Thus, the food or drink enters trachea and trigger
a cough reflex.
L: value based
(a) Because of cavity formation
(b) We should brush our teeth after every meal
regularly.
(c) Avoid eating sticky food and get teeth
checkup regularly.
