Cambridge IGCSE™

PORTUGUESE 0540/02
Paper 2 Reading May/June 2021
MARK SCHEME
Maximum Mark: 45

Published

This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the
examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the
details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have
considered the acceptability of alternative answers.

Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for
Teachers.

Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes.

Cambridge International is publishing the mark schemes for the May/June 2021 series for most Cambridge
IGCSE™, Cambridge International A and AS Level components and some Cambridge O Level components.

This document consists of 13 printed pages.

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Generic Marking Principles

These general marking principles must be applied by all examiners when marking candidate answers. They should be applied alongside the
specific content of the mark scheme or generic level descriptors for a question. Each question paper and mark scheme will also comply with these
marking principles.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1:

Marks must be awarded in line with:

• the specific content of the mark scheme or the generic level descriptors for the question
• the specific skills defined in the mark scheme or in the generic level descriptors for the question
• the standard of response required by a candidate as exemplified by the standardisation scripts.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 2:

Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 3:

Marks must be awarded positively:

• marks are awarded for correct/valid answers, as defined in the mark scheme. However, credit is given for valid answers which go beyond the
scope of the syllabus and mark scheme, referring to your Team Leader as appropriate
• marks are awarded when candidates clearly demonstrate what they know and can do
• marks are not deducted for errors
• marks are not deducted for omissions
• answers should only be judged on the quality of spelling, punctuation and grammar when these features are specifically assessed by the
question as indicated by the mark scheme. The meaning, however, should be unambiguous.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 4:

Rules must be applied consistently, e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed instructions or in the application of generic level
descriptors.

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GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 5:

Marks should be awarded using the full range of marks defined in the mark scheme for the question (however; the use of the full mark range may
be limited according to the quality of the candidate responses seen).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 6:

Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should not be awarded with grade thresholds or
grade descriptors in mind.

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1 General Marking Principles

1.1 It is not possible to list all acceptable alternatives in the Detailed Mark Scheme provided in Section 2. You will need to consider all
alternative answers and unexpected approaches in candidates’ scripts, make a decision on whether they communicate the required
elements, in consultation with your Team Leader if necessary (or with your Product Manager if you are a single Examiner), and
award marks accordingly.

The following marking principles underpin the detailed instructions provided in Section 2 of the Mark Scheme. Where a decision is taken to
deviate from these principles for a particular question, this will be specified in the Mark Scheme. Often the general principles will have
to be weighed up against each other, e.g. the answer might pass the look-alike test (1.5(b)), but if the candidate has produced an answer that
is another word in the target language they will not score (1.6).

1.2 Crossing out:

(a) If a candidate changes his/her mind over an answer and crosses out an attempt, award a mark if the final attempt is correct.

(b) If a candidate crosses out an answer to a whole question but makes no second attempt at it, mark the crossed out work.

1.3 More than the stipulated number of boxes ticked/crossed by the candidate:

(a) If more than one attempt is visible, but the candidate has clearly indicated which attempt is his/her final answer (e.g. by crossing out
other attempts or by annotating the script in some way), mark in the usual way.

(b) If two attempts are visible (e.g. two boxes ticked instead of the 1 box stipulated), and neither has been crossed out/discounted by the
candidate, no mark can be awarded.

(c) Where candidates must tick a number of boxes (e.g. tick the 6 true statements) and tick too many, apply the following rule: deduct the
number of ‘extra’ answers indicated by the candidate from their number of correct answers. The remaining number is the mark
awarded, e.g. the candidate is asked to tick 6 statements, but ticks 8. 5 of the ticks are correctly placed, but 2 are ‘extras’ (8 ticks
placed by candidate minus 6 ticks required by rubric = 2 ‘extras’). Therefore the candidate is awarded a mark of 3.

(d) Answers in pen do not take precedence over answers in pencil, e.g. if a candidate is asked to tick 1 box and ticks two, one in pen and
the other in pencil, the mark cannot be awarded unless there is explicit indication from the candidate as to which is his/her final
answer.

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1.4 For questions requiring more than one element for the answer, (i) and (ii), where the answers are interchangeable:

(a) Both correct answers on line 1 and line 2 blank = 2.

(b) Both correct answers on line 1 and line 2 wrong = 1

(or vice-versa)

1.5 Answers requiring the use of Portuguese (rather than a non-verbal response) should be marked for communication. Tolerate inaccuracies
provided the message is clear.

(a) ‘If in doubt, sound it out’: if you read what the candidate has written, does it sound like the correct answer?

(b) Look-alike test: does what the candidate has written look like the correct answer?

(c) Accept incorrect gender or person unless Mark Scheme specifies otherwise.

(d) Accept incorrect possessive adjectives, e.g. meu, teu, seu etc, unless Mark Scheme specifies otherwise.

(e) Accept incorrect tense unless Mark Scheme specifies otherwise.

(f) Tolerate incorrect auxiliary unless Mark Scheme specifies otherwise.

(g Tolerate incorrect use of infinitive unless Mark Scheme specifies otherwise.

1.6 Unless the Mark Scheme specifies otherwise, do not accept incorrect Portuguese if the word given means something else in
Portuguese. (Incorrect Portuguese which constitutes a word in any language other than Portuguese is marked (i) on the basis of whether it is
accepted or refused in the Mark Scheme and (ii) if not mentioned in the Mark Scheme, on the basis of 1.5 above).

1.7 Where words are combined or split inappropriately do not award the mark, e.g. ‘atia’ (a tia) and ‘doar tigo’ (do artigo) (inappropriate
splitting or combination is an indication that the candidate has not understood).

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1.8 Annotation used in the Mark Scheme:

(a) INV = Invalidation and is used when additional material included by the candidate is judged to invalidate an otherwise correct answer
thus preventing him/her from scoring the mark (INV = 0).

(b) tc = ‘tout court’ and means that on its own the material is not sufficient to score the mark.

(c) HA = harmless additional material which in conjunction with the correct answer does not prevent the candidate from scoring the mark.

(d) BOD = Benefit of the Doubt and is used to indicate that the Examiner has considered the answer/that part of the answer and judged it
to be more correct than incorrect: the benefit of the doubt is given to the candidate and the mark is awarded

1.9 No response and ‘0’ marks

There is a NR (NO Response) option in scoris.

Award NR (No Response):

If there is nothing written at all in the answer space or

If there is only a comment which does not in any way relate to the question being asked (e.g. ‘can’t do’ or ‘don’t know’) or

If there is only a mark which isn’t an attempt at the question (e.g. a dash, a question mark).

Award 0:

If there is any attempt that earns no credit. This could, for example, include the candidate copying all or some of the question, or any working
that does not earn any marks, whether crossed out or not.

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1.10 Extra material:

It is the candidate’s responsibility to answer questions in such a way as to demonstrate to the Examiner that s/he has understood the recorded
material. Where candidates introduce extra, irrelevant material to an otherwise correct answer the danger is that the Examiner is being forced
to ‘choose’ the correct answer and s/he cannot be certain that the candidate has shown understanding. Where the Examiner is put in this
position the mark cannot be awarded. The Detailed Mark Scheme cannot cover all eventualities and where specific instructions are not
provided, Examiners must check the transcript to ensure the correct elements which would qualify for the mark are not contradicted or distorted
by any extra material. The following, general, rules should be applied:

(a) Extra material, mentioned in the this is acceptable and is not penalised
Mark Scheme, which reinforces
the correct answer or in itself
constitutes an alternative correct
answer:

(b) Extra material which constitutes the Examiner needs to decide, by consulting the transcript/text and the Team Leader if necessary,
an alternative answer, but which whether the alternative answer constitutes:
is not explicitly mentioned in (i) an alternative correct answer, in which case this falls into category (a) and the answer should be
the Mark Scheme: rewarded
(ii) or an answer which on its own would be refused, in which case this falls into category (c) and
the answer should be refused

(c) Extra material which constitutes this puts the Examiner in the position of having to ‘choose’ which is the candidate’s ‘final’ answer –
an alternative answer the Examiner cannot be sure what the candidate has understood – and the mark cannot be
specifically refused in the Mark awarded
Scheme:

(d) Extra material which distorts or this affects communication – the Examiner cannot be sure what the candidate has understood –
contradicts the correct answer: and the mark cannot be awarded

(e) Extra material introduced by the this affects communication – the Examiner cannot be sure what the candidate has understood –
candidate and which does not and the mark cannot be awarded. It can sometimes be difficult to draw the line between what is a
feature in the text/transcript: deduction made by an able candidate on the basis of what they have heard/read and pure
guesswork. Therefore where a particular answer is not covered in the Mark Scheme, Examiners
should consult their Team Leader

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2 Detailed Mark Scheme

Section 1 Exercise 1

Question Answer Marks Guidance

1 B 1

2 D 1

3 C 1

4 A 1

5 C 1

Section 1 Exercise 2

Question Answer Marks Guidance

6 B 1

7 E 1

8 F 1

9 A 1

10 D 1

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Section 1 Exercise 3

Question Answer Marks Guidance

11 A 1

12 C 1

13 C 1

14 B 1

15 A 1

Section 2 Exercise 1

Question Answer Marks Guidance

16 Quente 1

17 Costa 1

18 encoberto 1

19 Chover 1

20 Húmido 1

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Section 2 Exercise 2

• In this exercise, reward the candidate for being able to locate the answer in the passage.
• Ignore extra material (whether Portuguese is accurate or inaccurate) unless the Mark Scheme specifies otherwise
• Accept lifting unless it is specifically refused in the Mark Scheme.
• READ SECTION 1: GENERAL MARKING PRINCIPLES
• Accept incorrect possessive pronouns.

ACCEPT: wrong genders throughout

Question Answer Marks Guidance

21 Ter um animal de estimação. 1

22 Any TWO of vivia num apartamento pequeno / tinham 2

poucas condições / a mãe sofria de alergias a animais/ vivia
na cidade

23 Any TWO of alergias / tosse / problemas de respiração 2

24 Any TWO of era velhinho / parecia doente / estava perdido 2 Must indicate probability or similar.
Reject: cheio de doenças

25 Para transportar o bichinho. 1

26 Any TWO of levanta-se cedo / prepara o café da manhã 2

para os cães / passeia no parque / vai ao veterinário

Note: For questions with 2 interchangeable answers: 2 correct answers on line 1, line 2 blank = 2; 2 correct answers on line 1, line 2
wrong = 1 (or vice versa)

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Section 3

Look for signs of genuine comprehension. Usually, candidates who lift indiscriminately fail to demonstrate comprehension and will not score the
mark. However, careful lifting of the details required to answer the question does demonstrate comprehension and should be rewarded. This
Detailed Mark Scheme provides specific guidance but in cases not covered, see General Marking Principles, Section 1.10

In this section, take into account the whole of the candidate’s answer. We are still applying the sound-alike rule (e.g. pasado = passado).

READ SECTION 1: GENERAL MARKING PRINCIPLES

FOR ANSWERS NOT COVERED BY MARK SCHEME, ANNOTATION TOOL MAY BE USED, e.g. INV or BOD

REFUSE DIRECT SPEECH HOWEVER IT IS PRESENTED.

Section 3 Exercise 1

1 Mark available per question for True or False + 1 Mark available for correction of each False statement.

First award marks for the True/False element and then award marks for the justification of the False statements

True/False element: all 5 statements appear on screen. Enter mark as appropriate for correct identification of each statement as True or False.

• If neither True nor False is ‘ticked’ for a question, enter N/R (no response).
• If both True and False are ‘ticked’ (and there is no clarification of candidate’s ‘final’ answer), enter 0.

Justification for false statements: only the 3 False statements appear on screen.

• If the candidate correctly identified the statement as False, mark the justification and enter the mark.
• If True is ‘ticked’, award N/R (or 0 if justification is provided)
• If True and False are both ‘ticked’ (and there is no clarification of candidate’s ‘final’ answer), award 0 (ignore any justification)
• If neither True nor False is ‘ticked’, mark justification and enter mark (no mark awarded for True/False element)

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Question Answer Marks Guidance

TRUE FALSE






27 1 See grid above for marking True/False element

28 1 See grid above for marking True/False element

29 1 See grid above for marking True/False element

30 1 See grid above for marking True/False element

31 1 See grid above for marking True/False element

JUSTIFICATION

ACCEPT: wrong genders throughout

IN EACH CASE, CHECK FALSO IS TICKED

Question Answer Marks Guidance

27 Os amigos desafiaram-no a renovar a casa. 1 REFUSE MERE ADDITION OF NEGATIVE

29 Tem detalhes antigos das casas algarvias. 1 REFUSE MERE ADDITION OF NEGATIVE

30 Fazem ginástica no local de trabalho. 1 REFUSE MERE ADDITION OF NEGATIVE

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Section 3 Exercise 2

ACCEPT: wrong genders throughout

Question Answer Marks Guidance

32 Mais jovens trabalham por conta própria. 1

33 Apresentar o perfil dos jovens empresários (brasileiros). 1

34 Trabalhadores em cargos de alta responsabilidade 1

35 Começam em jovens a pensar em negócios. 1

36 A oportunidade de trabalhar de imediato a um nível global 1

(sem ter de sair de casa)

37 Criar uma página online (gratuita) / fazer vendas (sem 1

precisar ter o produto) / publicidade (gratuita)
Não é preciso investir dinheiro para começar

38 Os seus cursos ensinam a criar negócios online passo a 1 Must indicate: passo a passo/gradualmente
passo.

Note: For questions with 2 interchangeable answers: 2 correct answers on line 1, line 2 blank = 2; 2 correct answers on line 1, line 2
wrong = 1 (or vice versa)
TICK BLANK PAGES

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