i

REIMAGINING ACCESS: ENHANCING USER EXPERIENCE AND

ENGAGEMENT THROUGH A MODERNIZED LIBRARY WEBSITE
AT CEBU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY - DANAO CAMPUS

A Thesis
Presented to the
College of Technology
CEBU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Danao Campus, Sabang, Danao City, Cebu, Philippines

In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Degree
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Major in Computer Technology

JEHAN D. BOMBIO
ROSALIO M. LIGARAY JR.
DAN ANDREI Y. MACAS
CHRISTIAN DAVE A. MILAN
LORENZE E. SUPAPO

May 2024
 ii

APPROVAL SHEET

This Thesis entitled “REIMAGINING ACCESS: ENHANCING USER

EXPERIENCE AND ENGAGEMENT THROUGH A MODERNIZED LIBRARY
prepared and submitted by Jehan D. Bombio, Rosalio M. Ligaray Jr, Dan
Andrei Y. Macasa, Christian Dave A. Milan, and Lorenze E. Supapo in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for the degree BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN
INFORMATION TECHNOLY, has been examined and recommended for
acceptance and approval for ORAL EXAMINATION.

THESIS ADVISORY COMMITTEE

MARSAN P. DUA, Ph. D.TM
Chairman

RAFFY R. ROSAL, Dev. Ed. D. SPED LPT ARNOLD C. BATAC, MIT

Adviser Member

JOVER I. CAPUYAN, MSIT(CAR) ANNALYN P. ROSELL, MSIT

Member Member

JOHN LOIE MATA, MSIT(CAR)

Member

Approved by the Committee on Oral Examination with a grade of ________.

PANEL OF EXAMINERS
MARSAN P. DUA, Ph. D.TM
Chairman

RAFFY R. ROSAL, Dev. Ed. D. SPED LPT ARNOLD C. BATAC, MIT

Adviser Member

JOVER I. CAPUYAN, MSIT(CAR) ANNALYN P. ROSELL, MSIT

Member Member

JOHN LOIE MATA, MSIT(CAR)

Member
ACCEPTED and APPROVED in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
degree of BACHELOR IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Major in Programming.
Design Hearing: _____________
Date of ORAL EXAMINATION: _________

MARSAN P. DUA, Ph. D.TM

Dean, College of Technology
 iii

ABSTRACT

REIMAGINING ACCESS: ENHANCING USER EXPERIENCE AND

ENGAGEMENT THROUGH A MODERNIZED LIBRARY WEBSITE AT CTU
DANAO CAMPUS

JEHAN D. BOMBIO
jehanbombio04@gmail.com

ROSALIO M. LIGARAY JR
Junzligaray7@gmail.com

DAN ANDREI Y. MACASA

danmacasa4@gmail.com

CHRISTIAN DAVE A. MILAN

christiandavemilan@gmail.com

LORENZE E. SUPAPO
Lorenzesupapo123@gmail.com

Cebu Technological University – Danao Campus

 iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to express their deepest gratitude to the

following individuals who contributed to the success of this study:

First and foremost, to the All-Knowing and Omnipotent God the Father,

who blesses us in all our endeavors.

To our Campus Director, Dr. Rose Mary L. Almacen, for her

exceptional knowledge, wisdom, and unwavering support and guidance to all the

students at Cebu Technological University, Danao Campus.

To Dr. Marsan P. Dua, Dean of the College of Technology Department,

for his guidance and support, which made this study possible.

To our mentor, Dr. Raffy R. Rosal, for his encouragement, guidance,

and motivation. His patience and efforts in reviewing and providing suggestions

and honest critiques have been invaluable for the completion of this study.

To the panelists, whose comments, advice, and revisions significantly

improved this study.

To the respondents, for their time and full participation, which greatly

helped the researchers in gathering all the necessary information.

-The Researchers
 v

DEDICATION

This research study is dedicated with heartfelt gratitude to our devoted

parents and guardians, whose unwavering support has been our rock throughout

this journey. They have stood by us, providing encouragement, understanding,

and the necessary resources, both academically and emotionally, to see us

through every challenge.

We also dedicate this study to our esteemed instructors, whose guidance

and wisdom have been invaluable. Their patience, knowledge, and

encouragement have fueled our determination and equipped us with the skills

needed to navigate the complexities of this research journey.

To our beloved alma mater, Cebu Technological University (CTU) Danao,

we dedicate this study with immense gratitude. CTU has been more than just a

place of learning; it has been a nurturing environment that has helped shape our

minds, hone our talents, and foster our personal growth over the years.

Lastly, we humbly dedicate this research paper to the Almighty God, the

source of all wisdom, strength, and protection. It is to Him that we owe everything,

and we offer all the glory and praises to His name for guiding us through this

endeavor.

JEHAN, ROSALIO, ANDREI, CHRISTIAN, LORENZE

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

TITLE PAGE i
APPROVAL SHEET ii
ABSTRACT iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
DEDICATION v
TABLE OF CONTENTS vi
LIST OF TABLES viii
LIST OF FIGURES ix
Chapter 1: THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING 1

INTRODUCTION 1

Rationale of the Study 1

Theoretical Lenses 4

THE PROBLEM 11

Statement of the Problem 11

Significance of the Study 12

Scope and Limitation of the Study 13

DEFINITION OF TERMS 15

Chapter 2: Review of Related Literatures and Study 16

Related Literatures 16

Related Studies 22

Chapter 3: Research Methodology 28

Design 28
 vii

Flow of the Study 31

Environment 31

Respondents 34

Instruments 35

Data Gathering Procedures 35

Gathering of Data 35

Ethical Considerations 36

Data Privacy 37

Data Analysis 37

Statistical Treatment of Data 38

Scoring Procedures 38

BIBLIOGRAPHY 40

APPENDICES 44

A. Transmittal Letters 44

B. Respondent’s Consent 47

C. Survey Questionnaire 48

CURRICULUM VITAE 52
 viii

LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

1 Respondents 34

2 Scoring Procedure 39
 ix

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Page

1 The Theoretical Framework of the Study 5

2 The Flow of the Study 30

3 Location Map of the Study 33

 Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS RESEARCH DESIGN

Rationale of the Study

Tirelessly, technological evolution hurries ahead at a very heart-stopping

speed, changing how we live, work, and communicate not only with each other

but also with the outer world. Concurrently, we are also engaged in the growth of

adjusting to the fast pace of technological innovatio n which is creeping into

the texture of our lives by assimilating its innovations making the human

experience undergo a paradigm shift. The technology landscape has become a

very dynamic field, after discovering that our library at the Cebu Technological

University Danao Campus is still lagging behind in technology which makes us

compelled to modernize our library in order to have well equipped libraries

systems that can render effective services in the rapidly evolving information age.

Taking matters into our own hands, we the students of Cebu Technological

University have decided to deal with this inadequacy in advanced technologies.

One of many thought solutions is developing a website library, which will be our

proposition to remove the technological gap and to make our academic

resources more accessible and efficient. Having established that the proposed

solution is reliable, the benefits of making the library website are multiple. Firstly,

it allows a smooth journey to a variety of academic sources, which is impossible

without the libraries being open.

The digital platform promotes the cooperation and exchange of knowledge

between the learners creating a collaborative learning environment. The website

 2

offers regular updates/news to keep the student community updated

regarding the recent acquisitions in the library. In sum, this innovative approach

of interactive classes is destined to change the way we receive knowledge and

take the whole academic process to a new level at CTU. A user-friendly library

website is a platform that offers access to various -resources, including electronic

resources as mentioned in this paper, which can boost user experience and

empower easy access to electronic resources, but limitations, such as restricted

access, should also be considered (Kumar, 2023).

In the aim to broaden the functionality of our proposed library website, we

will integrate a complete reservation system. This feature with multiple

capabilities will not only allow students to reserve computers for their academic

activities but also book discussion rooms for joint study sessions. The setting up

of a lost and found section boosts the functionality of the website by providing

one place for reporting lost items and their recovery. Through the incorporation

of these functions, we will not only solve the technological infirmity but also

amplify the library into a vibrant pulse that fits the dynamic needs of Cebu

Technological University students.​

The systems of libraries that we have currently operate on a single login

basis of a basic type involving school IDs. They lack a lot of advanced and useful

elements that would greatly improve the overall quality of user experience. The

case for the need for a more robust and reliable solution has been recognized,

we decided to attempt the development of a website that does not only enhance

the accessibility of academic resources but also offers advanced features like,
 3

streamlining and enriching the user interface ensuring more efficient and user-

friendly experience to the whole Cebu Technological University community.

The digital librarian's role will be increasingly towards offering consultancy

to the users in their efforts in providing digital reference services, electronic

information services, navigating, searching and retrieval of digitized information

through web documents that span the Universal digital library or the Global

Digital Library (Vyas & Panchal, 2022).

A poor digital library or e-learning interface is equivalent to presenting a

student with a textbook, minus the contents and index sections, with all the

pages randomly sorted while relying on dubious titles to find the required

information. This is tantamount to a soul destroying experience for any potential

student who has put some time aside to improve their education (Keane &

Keating, 2001).
 4

Theoretical Lenses

This study is rooted on the User-Centered Design (UCD) by Donald A.

Norman and Jakob Nielsen, Information Architecture (IA) by Peter Morville and

Louis Rosenfeld, Social Information Processing Theory (SIPT) by Joseph

Walther. Also, it is supported by the following legal bases: The Philippine Library

Law, Republic Act No. 7743, and Republic Act No. 8792.
 5

Figure 1. The Theoretical Framework of the Study

 6

User-Centered Design (UCD) is a design way of thinking that puts the

needs, choices, and way of life of the end users first at every stage of the design

process. It is a method of getting to know the users' goals, tasks, and conditions

of use, and then taking into consideration every step of design and development.

In UCD the tools like user research, persona development, usability testing, and

iterative design usually are utilized. The objective of the UCD is to come up with

products and services that are simple to operate, and easy to navigate and at the

same time, they should satisfy the needs of the users adequately. Two prominent

figures in the field are Donald A. Norman and Jakob Nielsen. Norman, a

cognitive scientist, emphasized the importance of designing products that are

intuitive and user-friendly in his book "The Design of Everyday Things". Norman,

D. A. (2013). The design of everyday things: Revised and expanded edition.

Basic Books. Nielsen, a usability expert, introduced the concept of heuristic

evaluation and championed the principles of usability engineering in his book

"Usability Engineering" Nielsen, J. (1993). Usability engineering. Morgan

Kaufmann.

Libraries are increasingly adopting user-centered design (UCD)

approaches to the development of their services for the benefit of customers.

Less attention is paid to evaluating the activity of designing (Kautonen and

Nieminen, 2018).

Information Architecture (IA) is the discipline of structuring and

organizing information to improve usability and findability. It entails designing

user-friendly navigation systems, tagging content appropriately, and structuring

 7

information hierarchy clearly. IA is very important in order to make the users find

and use the data in the digital environments easily. Peter Morville and Louis

Rosenfeld, authors of "Information Architecture for the World Wide Web," are key

figures in the field, emphasizing the importance of designing information

structures that are both intuitive for users and scalable for future growth. In the

context of developing a library website, IA plays a crucial role in organizing

resources in a logical and user-friendly manner, enhancing the user experience

through clear navigation paths, intuitive categorization, and effective search

functionality. Morville, P., & Rosenfeld, L. (2006). Information architecture for the

World Wide Web: Designing large-scale web sites. O'Reilly Media.

Library web committees should realize that IA will slow site development;

however when the site launches, the payoff is enormous. Ultimately, our IA

process was invaluable in building a web site that was clearly and logically

organized, easily navigable, and favorably received by a wide range of library

stakeholders (Duncan, J. & Holliday, W., 2008).

Social Information Processing Theory (SIPT) explores how individuals

interpret and respond to information in online environments, particularly in social

contexts. Developed by Joseph Walther SIPT reminds us that we humans

connect via communication and online or machine-based communication brings

us together with similar norms and relationships. However, considering these

aspects in web design creation, features that allows social interaction of patrons

among each other, for example discussion forums, user generated content, and
 8

some social networking capabilities, are also important and they help in creating

that sense of belonging and cooperation (Walther, J. B., 1992).

The power of the SIPT lies within its ability to foster communication

between individuals through communicative behavior that is valued by the other's

culture. Therefore, Social Information Processing has the potential to aid the

development of trust between virtual team members, establishing group cohesion,

and accentuating cross-communication within international work groups

(Olaniran, Bolanle A., et al., 2012).

Legal Bases

The Philippine Library Law, specifically Republic Act No. 7743, does not

explicitly mention library websites. However, the IRR (Implementing Rules and

Regulations) for the Philippine Library Law may provide specific guidelines and

regulations for the establishment and operation of library websites in the

Philippines

The Philippine Library Law mandates the development of public and

community libraries in the Philippines, which includes the establishment of library

services and the promotion of reading and literacy. While the law primarily

focuses on the establishment and maintenance of public libraries and the

professionalization of librarianship, its principles can also inform the creation of

library websites.

An official sentence from Republic Act No. 9246 (Philippine Library Law)

said "The State recognizes the significant role of libraries in the educational and

cultural development of the people and in the promotion of national identity,

 9

cultural development, and dissemination of information." Republic Act No. 9246

modernizes the practice of librarianship in the Philippines, which may include the

development and maintenance of library websites. Republic Act No. 9246. (2004).

Republic Act No. 7743, also known as the "Magna Carta for Public

School Teachers," primarily focuses on the rights and responsibilities of public

school teachers in the Philippines. While it may not directly relate to the

development of library websites, it is significant in the broader context of

education and information dissemination. This law aims to promote and enhance

the welfare of public school teachers, which indirectly affects the educational

system as a whole, including libraries within schools.

Republic Act No. 7743, Section 7, emphasizes the promotion of "the

intellectual growth, scholastic achievement, and professional advancement of

their students." This is significant to building a library website as it underscores

the importance of providing educational resources and support, aligning with the

mission of libraries to facilitate learning and knowledge dissemination. Republic

Act No. 7743. (1994).

Republic Act No. 8792, also known as the "Electronic Commerce Act of

2000," provides the legal framework for electronic transactions in the Philippines.

While it does not contain an official statement specifically about making a library

website, it establishes the legal validity of electronic documents and signatures,

which is crucial for digital transactions and interactions facilitated through library

websites.
 10

The law ensures that electronic transactions, including those related to

library services such as online catalog access, digital resource borrowing, and

virtual reference services, are recognized and legally binding. Compliance with

RA 8792 is essential for ensuring the legality and validity of electronic

transactions conducted through library websites. An official sentence from the

law said "The electronic document shall be the functional equivalent of a written

document under existing laws." It means that electronic documents, such as

those used in online transactions or interactions, hold the same legal status and

validity as traditional written documents. This provision ensures that electronic

transactions conducted through digital platforms, including library websites, are

legally recognized and enforceable. Republic Act No. 8792. (2000)

 11

THE PROBLEM

Statement of the Problem

This study will determine the effectiveness of the Modernized Library

System among college students and librarians in Cebu Technological University

Danao Campus for enhanced library accessibility. The findings of the study will

serve as the basis for a proposed action plan.

Specifically, this study will answer the following problems:

1. What is the demographic profile of respondents in terms of:

1.1 Age

1.2 Gender

1.3 Year/Course

2. What is the level of satisfaction among the respondents on a

Modernized Library Website in terms of;

2.1 Performance

2.2 Accuracy

2.3 Consistency

2.4 Service Ability

3. What is the level of effectiveness of a Modernized Library Website in

terms of;

3.1 Performance

3.2 Accuracy

3.3 Consistency

3.4 Service Ability

 12

3.5 Perceived Quality

3.6 Reliability

4. How do students and librarians rate the perceived benefits from the

Modernized Library Website?

5. Based on the findings of the study, what action plan may be proposed?

Significance of the Study

The significance of this research provides information for improvement

that is useful to those involved in this study. The following are the beneficiaries of

this study:

Students: Cebu Technological University, Danao Campus students will be the

very first to experience the effectiveness of the present research. It will aid them

in their study of the chosen subject and the work that they do. They can

continually use it to communicate within student groups or even enrich their

studies. Moreover, it acts directly on their efforts when it comes to studying and

may offer more assistance to their school performance.

Faculty and Researchers: Members of the teaching and research staff of

the university could obtain relevant outcomes from the experiment, as they can

be useful for their work and classroom instruction as well. We can also get a lot

of help from an updated system that was created to give students the proper

resources for their assignments.

Teacher: The research findings could give teachers some lessons about

how libraries can champion the success of students, improve the efficiency of
 13

faculty, and contribute towards higher institution’s goals. These details would

help them in decision-making, budgeting, and overall strategies.

Instructor: The teacher is able to use academic findings that provide him

or her with knowledge on how library modernization can impact learning

outcomes, the productivity of faculty, and general institution development or

advancement. This monitoring might be used to make informed choices about

resource expenditure and strategic planning.

Library staff: The study would give librarians the prospect of learning

some new stuff that would be useful in making patrons' engagement and user

experience better in the renovated library. Thus, communities would be able to

create a more efficient service structure, increase responsiveness, and boost

interaction with library patrons.

Future Researchers: Thus, being a beneficial source of information for

both future researchers and institutions may be a plan to digitize their libraries or

increase customer satisfaction in similar spaces. Additionally, the knowledge,

wisdom, or excellence acquired through a futile analysis has a broader

implication compared to just those who benefited directly from it.

Scope and Limitations of the Study

This study is limited only to the selected students at Cebu Technological

University - Danao Campus during the school year 2023 – 2024.

This study will focus on Enhancing User Experience and Engagement

through Modernized Library Website, aiming to have a better Library Website at

CTU Danao Campus. We will look at how users currently interact with the site,
 14

pinpoint areas that need improvement, and apply modern web design techniques.

Our approach includes gathering user feedback, conducting usability tests, and

comparing our site with other academic library websites. However, the study has

some limitations. We depend on volunteers for user feedback, which may result

in a smaller and possibly biased sample. Additionally, our work is limited by the

budget and technical resources availble, which might affect how many new

features we can add. Lastly, since our redesign and evaluation period is limited,

we may not be able to fully assess long-term user engagement and satisfaction.
 15

DEFINITION OF TERMS

For better comprehension, the researchers have defined the key terms

used in this research as follows.

Digital. Refers to the use of electronic devices and systems that operate

based on discrete values, typically represented as binary digits (0s and 1s).

However, in a broader sense, it encompasses anything related to computers,

information technology, and the internet.

E-Learning. Refers to the use of electronic technologies to facilitate

learning and education. It encompasses a wide range of instructional methods

and resources that are delivered digitally, often via the internet. E-learning can

take various forms, including online courses, virtual classrooms, interactive

multimedia tutorials, webinars, and educational apps.

Electronic. Refers to the domain of technology concerned with the control

and manipulation of electrical currents and signals to achieve specific functions

or outcomes, spanning from basic components and circuits to complex systems

and devices.

Integrate. To bring together or combine different parts into a unified whole.

It involves blending or merging separate elements so that they work together

effectively or become interconnected. In various contexts, integration can refer to

the process of combining diverse components, systems, or groups to function as

a cohesive unit.

Lagging. Refers to being behind or delayed compared to something else.

 16

Library. Is a curated collection of resources, typically consisting of books,

periodicals, multimedia materials, and other information sources, organized for

research, study, or leisure reading. Libraries serve as repositories of knowledge

and provide access to information and resources for the public.

Modernized. Refers to the process of updating or adapting something to

conform to modern standards, practices, or technology. It involves making

changes or improvements to modernize outdated or traditional systems, methods,

or structures.

System. Is a set of interconnected or interdependent components or parts

that work together to achieve a common purpose or function. In other words, it's

an organized and structured assembly of elements that interact with each other

in a coordinated manner to produce desired outcomes or behaviors.

Technology. Refers to the application of scientific knowledge, tools,

methods, and systems to solve problems, create new products, or improve

existing processes. It encompasses a wide range of techniques, skills, and

practices used to develop, produce, and utilize goods and services.

User-friendly. Refers to products, systems, interfaces, or environments

that are designed to be easy to use and understand for the people who interact

with them. A user-friendly design aims to provide a positive and intuitive

experience for users, minimizing confusion, frustration, and errors.

Website. Is a collection of related web pages and multimedia content that

are typically accessible via the internet. It's hosted on a web server and can be

accessed using a web browser such as Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Safari,
 17

or Microsoft Edge. Websites serve various purposes, including providing

information, promoting products or services, facilitating communication, or

enabling online transactions.

 Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Related Literature

According to (Brewer et al., 2017) With a goal of improving the

development and delivery of effective online information literacy resources, the

purpose of this study was to look at how program level and the timing of the

introduction of a Literature Review library guide within the program influenced

online business student perceived value of the resource.

Implementing a library management system in the Philippines presents

both challenges and opportunities. The challenges include the need to address

serious problems encountered by library users and staff in manual operations,

such as borrowing, returning, and searching for library materials. According to

(Obsanga & Enierga, 2021b) The purpose of this study is to develop a

computerized system that will increase the efficiency and supervision of library

activities, thereby providing easy access to library usage for librarians and library

users. The automated library management system is a computerized system for

the public libraries designed in the Philippine setting to make the library’s

processes more efficient, reliable and portable especially in times of pandemics.

Limited internet connectivity and lack of personnel competency in online

delivery are also challenges that need to be overcome.In the Western Mindanao

State University library where online services are offered, where the purpose of

this study attempted to look into the challenges and opportunities faced by its

stakeholders and the extent of satisfaction. Based on the findings, OLC or the
 19

Online Library Cart facilitated by a social media platform was a big help to

educators and learners in the academic community. The challenges and

opportunities have also brought in the delivery of online services’ operation. The

low internet connectivity and lack of personnel competency in the online delivery,

among others, were considered as challenges. In attaining quality library service,

increase in the acquisition of e-resources, upgrading of personnel’s skills as well

as strengthening the culture of partnership and collaboration are major factors to

create an avenue to improve library services, the online delivery, in particular

(Abdulaup, 2022).

However, implementing a library management system also offers

opportunities for improvement. It can increase the efficiency and supervision of

library activities, provide easy access to library usage, and save time in entering

information and generating accurate reports. According to (Superio et al., 2019)

The lack of significant holdings of rare books, shortage of financial resources, no

perceived risk, and the unavailability of staff to write a disaster management plan,

are the reasons why most libraries do not have a plan. The lack of significant

holdings of rare books, shortage of financial resources, no perceived risk, and

the unavailability of staff to write a disaster management plan, are the reasons

why most libraries do not have a plan.

The study utilized the descriptive design in determining the degree of

seriousness of the problems encountered by the respondents in using the

existing library transactions, and the interventions that can be done to address

the problems encountered by the respondents. Findings revealed that the

 20

problems encountered by the library users in the manual operations of the library

in terms of borrowing, returning and searching library materials are “Very

Serious”. On the part of the library staff, the issues on security of records,

cataloging, borrowing, returning, searching, inventory of library materials and

generation of reports are considered “Serious”. The library system developed

“very efficiently” stored the library records in the database secured with password,

systematically classified the materials, save time in entering information of library

materials, displayed for duplication of accession numbers, monitored the

borrowed and returned books, systematically displayed inventory of materials,

and saved time in generating accurate library reports. It can be concluded that

the proposed library system can provide better and easier access to the different

transactions in the library and provide convenience to the library staff and library

users in the different transactions (Padilla, 2022).

Libraries are playing an important role in supporting and disseminating

information services through their websites Library websites are the best tool to

access all the online resources.The increasing use of the Internet has changed

the method of accessing and disseminating information about library activities,

services, rules and regulations to the users (Mandrekar, 2021).

This study says that the launch of the portal has enhanced the users

experience and the use of library resources. They stated also that it has been

positive experience so far for the library and we have to identify ideas and

enhancements for ensuring that our systems evolve and go beyond user

expectations (Evelyn Anand, 2019).

 21

Emerging technologies provide librarians with a unique opportunity to

substantially enhance user centered services and to facilitate and promote

collaboration between libraries and their users in this digital era. Adapting into

some of these trends and implementation of some of the emerging web

technologies are likely to improve reputation and standing of libraries in the

community. Some of them may successfully attract new patrons to the library,

others may help to retain existing members or make libraries even more

important as centers of the culture and history of their cities and academic

institutions (Funmilayo, 2020).

Designing a user-friendly library website requires ongoing attention and

effort. However, by prioritizing the user experience, accessibility, and feedback,

libraries can create a website that provides easy access to their resources and

services, and that helps them better serve their users in the digital age (Hombali,

2021).

The internet, as a whole, needs to improve in its accessibility and user-

friendliness. Library websites are particularly good places to start with this

endeavor because of the core values of librarianship: libraries strive to provide

the best service to their communities and to ensure their patrons feel respected

by ensuring their needs are met. These are values that should carry over to our

online spaces from our physical ones. (Sabrina, 2019)

Digital libraries have great potential and predispositions for support to the

learning process. In practice, digital libraries are usually part of national libraries
 22

which are more frequently oriented towards preservation of national heritage and

less to support of schools and universities. (Radovan, 2017)

The future of libraries is uncertain, but it’s not all doom and gloom. With

bold imagination, there is so much we have to look forward to. (Kelly, 2024)

Related Studies

Academic libraries are considered a confidence center of educational

establishments and their Services assist numerous academic programs,

including teaching and research. In academic libraries, the application of the

latest technology, particularly internet technology, has transformed traditional

methods of providing library and information services. The modern library is

characterized by a networked, automatic environment in which each operation is

performed with the assistance of one or more communication or information tools.

This paper explains the Purpose and Functions of an Academic Library, the

Need for Modern Academic Library Services, Modern and Information Services

of the Academic Library, and Emerging Trends in Library and Information

Services. In addition, this article is designed to help research scholars learn

about these fields (Sankar, 2022).

The purpose of this study is to develop a computerized system that will

increase the efficiency and supervision of library activities, thereby providing

easy access to library usage for librarians and library users. (Obsanga & Enierga,

2021)

With the development of information technology and the implementation of

information systems in various aspects of life: there are also many libraries that
 23

utilize information technology as a tool in place to facilitate operational activities

in the library. In the field of education, schools and colleges, libraries are: the one

condition for college to stand. One of the colleges that have also utilized the

information Technology Library is: National University (Santoso et al., 2020).

 Chapter 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This section contains the study's methodology, which includes the

research design and methodologies, the study's flow, the environment, the

study's respondents, the instruments used, and the steps involved in acquiring

data.

Design

A research design is a plan created by a researcher to address a question

or verify a theory. Establishing the population or sample, research methodology,

data gathering techniques, and data analysis methodologies that will be used in

the project are all part of it.

This study followed the actual Research Method in its use of a quantitative

research design. Participant selection, control, and strict variable manipulation

set this apart. The fact that the researcher has total control over the procedure

helps to minimize errors in the final product. The purpose of this procedure is

solely to gather data for the study, according to the researchers.

 25

Figure 2. The Flow of the Study

 26

Flow of the Study

The diagram shown in Figure 2 is the input, process, and output flow of

the study. This research study engages the challenges that the student faculty

and library staff have experience as they deal with the old way of accessing the

CTU-Danao Library website. As you can see in the diagram there are three

important phases in this study which is the input and output process. First is the

input where you can see the demographic profiles of the respondents. Second is

the level of satisfaction among the respondents where in we can know the

satisfaction of the students to our library website. Third is the level of

effectiveness of a Modernized Library Website. Fourth is how do students and

librarians rate the perceived benefits from the Modernized Library Website. Lastly,

base on the findings of the study we can now see what actions need to be taken

to address the problem.

In preparation for the distributing the self-made questionnaires for the

respondents to answer the submission of the transmittal letters with signed and

approved by the research instructor and dean of the College of Technology (COT)

Department to ensure the legitimate of the procedure. Then the data gathering

will then follow in the form of handing self-made questionnaires to the

respondents who will be the selected students, faculty and library staff of CTU-

Danao Campus the gathered data will be then analyse and interpreted which will

lead to the summary and findings of the research study. Then the result will

become the basis of the recommendation and the output of the research study.
 27

Environment

The research study entitled “Reimagining Access: Enhancing User

Experience Through Engagement and Modernized Library Website” will be

conducted inside the premises CTU Danao Campus is situated in Danao City,

Cebu, Philippines. Located in the northern part of Cebu Province, Danao City is

known for its industrial and agricultural sectors. The campus itself likely occupies

a strategic area within the city, providing easy access to students from Danao

City and neighboring municipalities.

The history of the Cebu Technological University (CTU) - Danao Campus

dates back to its origins as part of the Cebu State College of Science and

Technology (CSCST), founded in 1911. With the conversion of CSCST into CTU

in 2009, the Danao Campus expanded its offerings and contributed to the

university's mission of providing accessible education across Cebu Province.

Over the years, it has evolved to offer programs in engineering, education,

business, and technology, playing a significant role in the socio-economic

development of Danao City and its environs. Through modernization efforts and

a commitment to innovation, the CTU Danao Campus continues to uphold its

legacy of quality education and community service, serving as a vital institution in

the region's higher education landscape.

28
29
 30

Respondents

Universal random sampling is a statistical method for choosing a random

sample from a population. This method can be applied to choose a

representative sample for data collection and analysis from a larger population.

Following the sample selection using universal random sampling, the researcher

can gather data from it and assess it using appropriate statistical techniques.

With a given degree of confidence, the findings can be extrapolated to the larger

population based on the sample size and representativeness.

The respondents of this study were all the students, instructors, and library

staff, in the Cebu Technological University Danao-Campus. The researchers

selected these volunteers at random because they were appropriate and relevant

to the study.

Number of Respondents Respondents

10 Selected COE Students

10 Selected CEAS Students

10 Selected CME Students

10 Selected COT Students

5 Selected Faculty and Staff

45 TOTAL

Table 1. Respondents
 31

Instruments

The primary tool for this investigation is a questionnaire created by the

researcher. The survey questionnaire has five (5) parts, namely: Part I, contains

the demographic profiling of the respondents; Part II, the level of satisfaction

among the respondents on a Modernized Library Website; Part III, the level of

effectiveness of a Modernized Library Website; Part IV, ratings of the students,

library staff and instructors to the perceived benefits from the Modernized Library

Website; Part V, findings of the study, what action plan may be proposed.

This was employed since it collected data more quickly than any other

technique. Selected instructors, library staff, and college students from Cebu

Technological University's Danao Campus stood behind the responders. They

had no trouble reading the questionnaire and responding to it. The researcher

next gave the respondents their copies of the surveys in person.

Gathering of Data. Once the permit to conduct to study is granted by the

dean of the College of Technology, a letter of request will be forwarded for the

administration of the survey questionnaire. The questionnaires will be distributed

and administered to the respondents face-to-face through a scheduled meeting

to ensure proper compliance with responses and to be able to personally confirm

their approval to participate. Subsequently, a designed questionnaire that is

unique to the goals of the research will be distributed. The respondents will be

presented with an informed consent form, providing them with comprehensive

information about the study. Upon obtaining consent, researchers will guide

participants on how to complete the designed questionnaires, offering clarity and

 32

ensuring a standardized approach. Throughout the data collection phase,

researchers remain available to address any clarifications sought by respondents,

fostering a transparent and informed participation in the study. This

comprehensive approach ensures the integrity of the data and prioritizes the

ethical treatment of participants. To guarantee the accuracy of the data, every

completed questionnaire will be reviewed twice for any potential gaps or

questions left unanswered before the data collection is concluded.

Ethical Consideration. In conducting this research a steadfast

commitment to ethical standards is paramount. The research will be guided by

four overarching ethical principles, namely respect, confidentiality, beneficence,

and justice.

Respect for People. Researchers underscore the assurance that

individuals participating in the study will do so voluntarily, without coercion.

Participants are entitled to autonomy, enabling them to choose their level of

engagement in the study freely. A thorough disclosure of information regarding

the research, data collection, and potential impact will be provided, and

participants’ decision to join will be entirely voluntary, devoid of any external

pressure, constraints, or influence, signified by the signing of an informed

consent form.

Confidentiality. Researchers necessitate the researchers to diligently

safeguard any information about participants beyond the confines of the study.

All data gathered will be strictly utilized for analysis and interpretation, with

written and electronic records appropriately disposed of at the study’s conclusion.

 33

Beneficence. Researchers mandate that the study maximizes benefits

while minimizing or eliminating associated risks. Researchers are committed to

ensuring the well-being of participants, refraining from causing harm during the

research procedures, data collection, and analysis

Justice. Researchers underscore the importance of fair participant

selection. This will be accomplished by adhering to predefined inclusion and

exclusion criteria. All participants will undergo uniform data collection procedures

by responding to a predetermined research questionnaire. The study is dedicated

to ensuring that participants are the primary beneficiaries, fostering equality and

fairness in their inclusion and participation throughout the research process.

Data Privacy. Our research will be based on the National Privacy

Commission's prerogative to supervise the implementation and adherence of the

Data Privacy Act of 2012 conduct the audit and monitor the performance of

others by providing confidential information. The researcher has realized the

implementation of the same Data Privacy Act which behaves normally in other

countries around the world for norms and recommendations of personal data

security. Therefore, practicing this protection and privacy safeguard in both the

government information and communications systems as well as private

information collected and combined will be a research priority. Every step of the

research has been documented and is going to be considered for the records

which can be utilized for the replication of the study or for completion of some

other related work. We delved into the research, as well as the evaluation and

documentation of our findings with the most adequate methods and tools.
 34

Data Analysis. The research was conducted using survey questions as

data gathering instruments. This method of collecting the data was used in this

study to attain the desired results and to analyze the effectiveness, feasibility and

acceptability of the suggested "Enhancing User Experience and Engagement

Through a Modernized Library Website in Cebu Technological University of

Danao Campus" Furthermore, the mentioned data collection method was used in

this study because it best suited the research questions and methodologies.

In the process of gathering the data researcher prepare a set of

questionnaire that is related and can help the study. After collecting the survey

responses researcher will analyze and interpret the data to identify patterns and

trends. Based on the analysis researcher will write conclusion about the

feasibility and effectiveness of the Modernized Library Website and identify any

potential barriers and challenges that may need to be addressed.

Statistical Treatment of Data. Upon completion of the survey, the

responses provided by the participants will be promptly compiled and logged for

analysis. During the data interpretation stage, a thorough approach will be

utilized, integrating both weighted mean and standard deviation calculations to

ensure a comprehensive understanding of the gathered information.

Formula for weighted mean:

 35

Formula for standard deviation:

 36

Scoring Procedures. In this section, a numerical rating system is

introduced to facilitate the interpretation of awareness and knowledge levels

concerning the variables being examined. This system incorporates a carefully

designed set of distinct categories aimed at simplifying the evaluation process.

Each category plays a role in organizing data points and giving them numerical

values, ultimately making the topic under investigation easier to understand.

Non Parametric Scale (Five-Point Likert Scale)

Non parametric Description

5 Strongly Satisfied (SS)

4 Satisfied (S)
3 Neutral
2 Unsatisfied (U)
1 Strongly Unsastisfied (SUS)

Table 2. Scoring Procedure

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 38

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41
APPENDICES
 43

Appendix A

TRANSMITTAL LETTERS
 44

Appendix B

RESPONDENT’S CONSENT

I give my consent to take part in the research study entitled “Reimagining

Access: Enhancing User Experience And Engagement Through a

Modernized Library Website At Ctu Danao Campus” led by BSIT 3A - DAY

students. I understand that the purpose of this study is for academic purposes. I

acknowledge that my involvement in this study is entirely voluntary, and I retain

the right to withdraw from it at any point without facing any consequences. I am

aware that the information I provide will be treated as confidential, and my

identity will remain anonymous in all reports and publications.

I have thoroughly read and comprehended the information presented to

me regarding this study, and I hereby agree to participate.

Respondent’s Signature

Dear Respondents,

We are currently conducting a study entitled “Smart Scheduling:

Enhancing CTU-Danao FabLab's Accessibility through Online

Appointments” which aims to assess the effectiveness and user satisfaction of

a web-based online appointment system for the university’s Fabrication

Laboratory.

Your participation in this study is voluntary, and your responses will be

kept confidential.

The Researchers
 45

Appendix C

SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE

Demographics
Profile of Respondent

Name (Optional): ________________________ Age: ____ years old

Gender: Male Female Binary Prefer not to say
YearCourse: ______________

1. What is the level of satisfaction among the respondents on a Modernized

Library Website in terms of.

In this section, listed below are the responses of the respondent on a

Likert scale of 1 to 5. Please put a check () mark inside the box. In where:

5 - Strongly Agree 3 - Neutral 1 - Strongly Disagree

4 - Agree 2 - Disagree

Indicators 5 4 3 2 1
I. Performance
The loading speed of the library website is
performing very well.
How easy is it to navigate the library website
and find the infromation you need?
How satisfied are you with the accessibilty
features of the library website?
How would you rate the responsiveness of the
library website on different
devices(e.g.,desktop,table,mobile)?
How satisfied are you with the overall
performance of the library website?
 46

In this section, listed below are the responses of the respondent on a Likert scale
of 1 to 5. Please put a check () mark inside the box. In where:

5 - Very Satisfied 4 - Agree 3 - Neutral

2 - Disagree 1 - Strongly Disagree

Indicators 5 4 3 2 1
II. Accuracy
How accurate is the information about book
availability on the library?
How accurate are the search results when
looking for specific books or resources on the
library website?
How accurately does the library website reflect
the current operating hours and event?.
How accurate is the information provided in
the library’s catalog descriptions (e.g.,
author,title,publication date)?
How accurately does the library website
update and display changes or new additions
to the collection?

In this section, listed below are the responses of the respondent on a

Likert scale of 1 to 5. Please put a check () mark inside the box. In where:

5 - Strongly Agree 4 - Agree 3 - Neutral

2 - Disagree 1 - Strongly Disagree

Indicators 5 4 3 2 1
III. Consistency
How consistent is the information(e.g.,book
details,hours of operation) across different
pages of the library website?
How consistent is the layout and design
 47

throughout the different sections of the library

website?
How consistently do the links and navigation
options work access the library website?
How consistent is the quality and accuracy of
the search results on the library website?
How consistent is the user
experience(e.g.,loading times,ease of use)
across different
devices(e.g.,desktop,tablet,mobile)when using
the library website?

In this section, listed below are the responses of the respondent on a

Likert scale of 1 to 5. Please put a check () mark inside the box. In where:

5 - Strongly Agree 4 - Agree 3 - Neutral

2 - Disagree 1 - Strongly Disagree

Indicators 5 4 3 2 1
IV. Service Availability
How satisfied are you with the uptime and
availability of the library website?
How often do you experience downtime or
accessbility issues with the library website?
How satisfied are you with the availability of
online resources(e.g.,e-books,journals) on the
library website?
How reliable is the acess to your personal
library account99(e.g., viewing borrowed
books, renewing loans) on the library website?

3. What is the level of effectiveness of a Modernized Library Website in

terms of;
 48

In this section, listed below are the responses of the respondents on a

Likert scale of 1 to 5. Please put a check () mark inside the box. In where:

5 - Strongly Agree 4 - Agree 3 - Neutral

2 - Disagree 1 - Strongly Disagree

Indicators 5 4 3 2 1
I. Performance
How quickly do pages load on the library
website.
Are there any noticeable delays when
accessing different sections on the website.
How smoothly does the website handle
multimedia content ( e.g., videos, interactive
catalogs)?
Does the website function well on different
devices and browsers?

In this section, listed below are the responses of the respondent on a

Likert scale of 1 to 5. Please put a check () mark inside the box. In where:

5 - Strongly Agree 4 - Agree 3 - Neutral

2 - Disagree 1 - Strongly Disagree

Indicators 5 4 3 2 1
II. Accuracy
How often do you find the information you are
looking for on the first search attempt?
Is the information on the library website up-to-
date?
Are the links on the website functioning
correctly aand leading to the correct pages?
How often do you encounter errors or
 49

incorrect information on the website?

 50

In this section, listed below are the responses of the respondent on a Likert scale
of 1 to 5. Please put a check () mark inside the box. In where:

5 - Strongly Agree 4 - Agree 3 - Neutral

2 - Disagree 1 - Strongly Disagree

Indicators 5 4 3 2 1
III. Consistency
Is the design and layout consistent across
different pages of the website.
Do navigation menus and tools work the same
way on every page.
Are the terms and labels used consistently
throughout the website.
Do search result maintain consistent
formatting and relevance?
Is the user experience (UX) uniform across
various sections of the website?

In this section, listed below are the responses of the respondent on a Likert scale
of 1 to 5. Please put a check () mark inside the box. In where:

5 - Strongly Agree 4 - Agree 3 - Neutral

2 - Disagree 1 - Strongly Disagree

Indicators 5 4 3 2 1
IV. Service Ability
How easily can you find help or support if you
encounter an issue on the website?
Does the website offer a comprehensive FAQ
or help section?
How accessible is the online chat or contact
feature for immediate assistance?
Are the digital services (e.g., e-book
borrowing, online databases) accessible and
functional?

In this section, listed below are the responses of the respondent on a Likert scale
of 1 to 5. Please put a check () mark inside the box. In where:

5 - Strongly Agree 4 - Agree 3 - Neutral

2 - Disagree 1 - Strongly Disagree
 51

Indicators 5 4 3 2 1
V. Perceived Quality
How would you rate the overall design and
visual appeal of the library website?
How intuitive and user-friendly do you find the
website’s navigation?
How well does the website meet your
expectations in terms of available features?
How would you compare this library website to
others you have used?

In this section, listed below are the responses of the respondent on a Likert scale
of 1 to 5. Please put a check () mark inside the box. In where:

5 - Strongly Agree 4 - Agree 3 - Neutral

2 - Disagree 1 - Strongly Disagree

Indicators 5 4 3 2 1
VI. Reliability
How frequently is the website available
without outages or downtime?
How reliable is the website in maintaining your
user data and preferences?
How often do you experience technical issues
when using the website?
How dependable is the website in terms of
delivering accurate and up-to-date
information?
 52

Appendix D

SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE EVALUATION SHEET

CURRICULUM VITAE
 54

CURRRICULUM VITAE

JEHAN D. BOMBIO
San Vicente, Liloan, Cebu, Philippines 6002
Mobile Nos.: +639943435953
Email Address: Jehanbombio04@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION
DATE OF BIRTH : April 29, 2003
PLACE OF BIRTH : Eversely Child Sanitarium Jagobiao Mandaue, Cebu
CITIZENSHIP : Filipino
GENDER : Male
STATUS : Single
FATHER : Elmo T. Bombio
MOTHER : Jingle D. Bombio
SPOUSE : None

ACADEMIC BACKGROUND
COLLEGE : Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Cebu Technological University - Danao
Major in Information Technology
2023 - 2024

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL : ACLC College of Mandaue

Maguikay Mandaue City, Cebu
2020-2021

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL : Arcelo Memorial National High School

San Vicente Liloan, Cebu
2018-2019
ELEMENTARY : Liloan Central Elementary School
San Vicente Liloan, Cebu
 55

2014-2015
 56

CURRRICULUM VITAE

ROSALIO LIGARAY JR.

Jagobiao Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines 6001
Mobile Nos.: +639309090005
Email Address: Junzligaray7@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION
DATE OF BIRTH : October 30, 2002
PLACE OF BIRTH : Lapu Lapu City, Cebu
CITIZENSHIP : Filipino
GENDER : Male
STATUS : Single
FATHER : Rosalio Ligaray
MOTHER : Gloria Ligaray
SPOUSE : None

ACADEMIC BACKGROUND
COLLEGE : Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Cebu Technological University - Danao
Major in Information Technology
2023 - 2024
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL : ACLC College of Mandaue
Maguikay Mandaue City, Cebu
2020-2021
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL : Jagobiao National High School
Jagobiao Mandaue City, Cebu
2018-2019
ELEMENTARY : Consolacion Central Elementary School
Consolacion, Cebu
2014-2015
 57

CURRRICULUM VITAE

DAN ANDREI MACASA

Jagobiao Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines 6002
Mobile Nos.: +639509973412
Email Address: Danmacasa4@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION
DATE OF BIRTH : January 15, 2003
PLACE OF BIRTH : Mahaplag, Leyte
CITIZENSHIP : Filipino
GENDER : Male
STATUS : Single
FATHER : Roy P. Macasa
MOTHER : Nadel Y. Macasa
SPOUSE : None

ACADEMIC BACKGROUND
COLLEGE : Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Cebu Technological University - Danao
Major in Information Technology
2023 - 2024
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL : LA CONSOLACION COLLEGE LILOAN
Liloan, Cebu
2020-2021
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL : LA CONSOLACION COLLEGE LILOAN
Liloan, Cebu
2018-2019
ELEMENTARY : Consolacion Central Elementary School
Consolacion, Cebu
2014-2015
 58

CURRRICULUM VITAE

CHRISTIAN DAVE A. MILAN

Catarman Liloan, Cebu, Philippines 6002
Mobile Nos.: +639617016542
Email Address: christiandavemilan@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION
DATE OF BIRTH : October 14, 2002
PLACE OF BIRTH : Cotcot, Liloan, Cebu
CITIZENSHIP : Filipino
GENDER : Male
STATUS : Single
FATHER : Crisanto Milan
MOTHER : Cecilia Milan
SPOUSE : None

ACADEMIC BACKGROUND
COLLEGE : Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Cebu Technological University - Danao
Major in Information Technology
2023 - 2024
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL : Liloan National High School
Liloan, Cebu
2020-2021
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL : Liloan National High School
Liloan, Cebu, Cebu
2018-2019
ELEMENTARY : Catarman Central Elementary School
Consolacion, Cebu
2014-2015
 59

CURRRICULUM VITAE

LORENZE E. SUPAPO
Catarman Liloan, Cebu, Philippines 6001
Mobile Nos.: +63 9609295120
Email Address: lorenzesupapo123@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION
DATE OF BIRTH : May 6, 2002
PLACE OF BIRTH : Mabolo, Cebu
CITIZENSHIP : Filipino
GENDER : Male
STATUS : Single
FATHER : Jeffrey Supapo
MOTHER : Cristina Supapo
SPOUSE : None

ACADEMIC BACKGROUND
COLLEGE : Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Cebu Technological University - Danao
Major in Information Technology
2023 - 2024
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL : ACLC College of Mandaue
Maguikay Mandaue City, Cebu
2020-2021
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL : Jagobiao National High School
Jagobiao Mandaue City, Cebu
2018-2019
ELEMENTARY : Basak Elementary School
Mandaue City, Cebu
2014-2015