TABLE OF CONTENTS
List of Figures v
Nomenclature used vii
Chapter 1 01
1. INTRODUCTION 01
1.1. Objectives 05
1.2. Seamless Integration of Wireless Charging Technology 06
1.3. Advancement and Challenges 10
1.4. Hardware and Software setup 11
1.4.1. Hardware 11
1.4.2. Software 15
Chapter 2 17
2. LITERATURE SURVEY 17
2.1. Limitation of Current Work 27
2.2. Problem Statement 28
Chapter 3 32
3. METHODOLOGY 32
3.1. Working of Wireless Charging 32
3.2. Working of Wireless Charging of EVs 32
3.3. Wireless Power Transfer of Coils 33
3.4. Inductive Charging Principle 35
3.5. Flow Chart 36
3.6. Implementation Components 38
3.7. Hardware Design Implementation 40
3.8. System Design 45
3.8.1. Block Diagram 46
3.9. Circuit Configuration 48
3.10. Designing of Wireless Charging Roads 51
3.11. Model Infrastructure 53
3.11.1. Road Infrastructure Setup 53
3.11.2. Vehicle Infrastructure Setup 55
3.12. Software Design Implementation 57
Chapter 4 58
4. TESTING 58
4.1 Testing of Design Implementation with Single Coil 58
Chapter 5 61
5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 61
Chapter 6 63
6. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE SCOPE 63
REFERENCES viii
APPENDICES
APPENDIX – I ix
DETAILS OF PAPER PUBLICATION (ALONG WITH PAPER) x
INFORMATION REGARDING STUDENTS xi
LIST OF FIGURES
Fig. Description of the figure Page No.
No.
1(a) Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging Lane 2
1(b) A new one-mile section of road designed to charge electric cars 3
while they are moving or stationary.
1(c) Interaction of primary and secondary coils between car and road 7
1(d) Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) between the coils 8
3.1(a) Wireless charging coils with an example of Smartphone Chargers 32
3.2(a) A typical static Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) System 33
3.3(a) Wireless Power Transfer System of coils 34
3.5(a) Flow Chart - Understanding the Model and Training View 36
3.6(a) The wireless power transfer method starting from the grid and 38
proceeding to the transmitter and receiver.
3.7(a) Wireless charging power transfer loop for EVs 40
3.7(b) Block Diagram of a wireless charging system 42
3.7(c) Enhanced efficiency and dynamic maintenance of vehicle 43
3.7(d) a) Circuit configuration of LCC compensated dual phase coplanar 44
transmitter and b) Coil geometry and structure of coplanar coil.
3.8(a) Block diagram illustrating the interconnected components. 46
3.8(b) Illustration of inductive charging coils and modules. 47
3.9(a) Circuit Configuration of a WPT system 48
3.9(b) WPT system setup of Vehicle and Road 49
Methods of connecting charging pads for inductive power transfer 52
3.10(a) (a) STSR, (b) MTSR, (c) STMR, and (d) MTMR.
3.11(a Top view of the road infrastructure 53
)
3.11(b Bottom view of the road infrastructure 54
)
3.11(c (a) Top view of the EV Vehicle and 55
) (b) Front view of the EV Vehicle
4(a) (a) Single Coil Testing of Road Infrastructure and 58
(b) Testing the Bulb for Coil Indication in EV
4(b) Coil placed at the Bottom of the Vehicle infrastructure 59
5(a) The "Arena of the Future" project on Wireless Charging Plates 62
(Lane)initiative is introduced in Italy by Electreon.
NOMENCLATURE USED
EV Electric Vehicle
IPT Inductive Power Transfer
EMF Electromotive Force
WPT Wireless Power Transfer
IM Induction Motor
NEDC New European Drive Cycle
FC-TPM Faraday Coil Transfer-Power Measurement
V-EVD Vision-Based EV Detection
AV-EVD Audio-Vision EV Detection System
PWM Pulse Width Modulation
EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
SWOT Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats
NEDC New European Drive Cycle
PTE Power Transfer Efficiency
AFE Active Front End
LCC Inductor-Capacitor-Capacitor
ZPA Zero-Phase-Angle
ZVS Zero Voltage Switching
ZCS Zero Current Switching
DWCS Dynamic Wireless Charging System
