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ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes

The ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes cover essential topics in commerce including the definition, branches, and importance of commerce, types of trade, aids to trade, and consumer protection. It also discusses business units, channels of distribution, warehousing, banking, insurance, communication, advertising, transport, and e-commerce. Each topic outlines key concepts, types, and functions relevant to the field of commerce.

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518 views3 pages

ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes

The ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes cover essential topics in commerce including the definition, branches, and importance of commerce, types of trade, aids to trade, and consumer protection. It also discusses business units, channels of distribution, warehousing, banking, insurance, communication, advertising, transport, and e-commerce. Each topic outlines key concepts, types, and functions relevant to the field of commerce.

Uploaded by

willzyoung17
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes

Topic 1: Introduction to Commerce

- Definition of commerce: Activities involved in the distribution of goods and services.

- Branches: Trade and Aids to trade.

- Importance: Links producers and consumers, creates employment.

Topic 2: Trade

- Types: Home trade and Foreign trade.

- Home trade includes wholesale and retail trade.

- Foreign trade includes import, export, and entrepôt trade.

Topic 3: Aids to Trade

- Transport: Moves goods from producers to consumers.

- Banking: Provides credit and safe keeping of money.

- Insurance: Covers risks such as theft, fire, and accidents.

- Communication: Facilitates exchange of information in business.

- Advertising: Promotes products and services.

Topic 4: Occupations

- Primary: Extraction of natural resources (e.g., farming, mining).

- Secondary: Manufacturing and construction.

- Tertiary: Services like teaching, banking, and retail.

Topic 5: Documents Used in Trade

- Quotation, Invoice, Delivery Note, Receipt, Credit Note, Debit Note.

- Importance in business transactions and record keeping.


Topic 6: Consumer Protection

- Rights of consumers: Right to safety, to be informed, to choose, to be heard.

- Government and voluntary agencies help enforce protection.

Topic 7: Business Units

- Types: Sole trader, Partnership, Private and Public Limited Companies, Co-operatives.

- Characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of each.

Topic 8: Channels of Distribution

- Direct and Indirect channels.

- Role of wholesalers and retailers.

Topic 9: Warehousing

- Types: Private, Public, Bonded.

- Functions: Storage, protection, and preservation of goods.

Topic 10: Banking

- Types of bank accounts: Savings, Current, Fixed deposit.

- Functions of commercial banks.

Topic 11: Insurance

- Principles: Utmost good faith, Insurable interest, Indemnity, Contribution, Subrogation.

- Types: Life, Fire, Marine, Motor insurance.

Topic 12: Communication

- Forms: Oral, Written, Electronic.


- Importance in business: speed, clarity, record keeping.

Topic 13: Advertising

- Methods: Newspapers, TV, Radio, Billboards, Online.

- Role in commerce: creating demand and awareness.

Topic 14: Transport

- Modes: Road, Rail, Air, Water, Pipeline.

- Factors affecting choice: cost, speed, distance.

Topic 15: E-Commerce

- Buying and selling over the internet.

- Advantages: Convenience, wider market.

- Challenges: Security risks, lack of internet access.

END OF NOTES

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